DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL RUBY PARK, KOLKATA

SESSION: 2024 - 25
SUBJECT: Mathematics
CLASS –5
TOPIC– Decimals
DECIMALS:
A decimal is another way of expressing fraction.
Example:

7
The fraction for the shaded part is . It can be also written as 0.7 or 7 tenths. We call 0.7 a decimal
10
fraction or decimal. The dot or the point between the two digits is called the decimal point.
A decimal number has two parts – the whole number part and the decimal part separated by a decimal
point. Number of digits after the decimal point is called the number of decimal places.
Example: 28.35

Whole Number Part Decimal Part

Decimal Point

NOTE: Whole number is either greater than or equal to 0. Decimal part is less than 1.

Reading and Writing Decimal Numbers:

We read:
0.15 as zero point one five or fifteen hundredths.
15.075 as Fifteen point zero seven five or Fifteen and seventy-five thousandths.
The number of digits after the decimal points in the decimal numeral is equal to number of zeros after
1 in the denominator of the corresponding common fraction.
6 3 574
Example: = 0.6, = 0.03, = 0.574
10 100 1000

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Example: Following pictures are representing different fractions:

8 15 50 92
a) = 0.08 (b) = 0.15 (c) = 0.5 (d) = 0.92
100 100 100 100

In the decimal system of numbers, place value of a digit gets multiplied by ten as we move to the
left and divided by ten as we move to the right.

Example: 723.576 = 7 hundreds + 2 tens + 3 ones + 5 tenths + 7 hundredths + 6 thousandths.

5 7 6
= 700 + 20 + 3 + + +
10 100 1000

= 700 + 20 + 3 + 0.5 + 0.07 + 0.006

Equivalent Decimals
Decimals that name the same amount are called equivalent decimals.

Example: 0.7= 0.70 = 0.700; 98.56 = 98.560 = 98.5600

Remember: Writing zeros at the right hand end of a decimal number does not change its value.

Like and Unlike Decimals

Decimals having same number of decimal places are called like decimals.

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 Example: 2.04, 8.29, 0.90 (2 decimal places each)

40.132, 2.106, 15.629 (3 decimal places each)

Decimals having different number of decimal places are called unlike decimals.
Example: 8.1; 3.78; 6.009

Comparison of Decimals

 While comparing two decimal fractions, first we compare the whole number part. The decimal
having greater whole number part is greater.
 If the whole number part is same or 0 in both the decimal fractions, then we compare the
decimal fractions by their tenths. If they have same digits in their tenths place, then we
compare them by their hundredths digits and so on.
Example: 2.54 > 1.35;
1.257 > 1.14;
0.345 < 0.386

Operations on Decimals

Addition of Decimals
Arrange the numbers one below the other so that the decimal points are aligned and the digits are in
their proper places: ones below ones, tens below tens, etc. Similarly, for the tenths, hundredths and
thousandths. Then we add as we add whole numbers.
Example: 6.25
+ 5.75
12.00

Subtraction of Decimals
In decimal numbers, we can put down as many zeros as we want to the right of the right most digit.
Arrange the numbers one below the other with decimal points one below the other and subtract.
Example:
0.92
− 0.51
0.41

Multiplication of Decimal
1. Multiplication of a Decimal by a Whole Number: Here, we multiply as we multiply two
whole numbers. The product has as many decimal places as in the decimal number.
Example: 5.698
× 6
34.188

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 Multiplication by 10, 100 1000, etc.: To multiply a decimal by 10, 100, 1000, etc. we get the
product by moving the decimal point of the multiplicand as many places to the right as there
are zeros in the multiplier.
Example: 3.455 × 10 = 34.55
3.455 × 100 = 345.5
3.455 × 1000 = 3455

2. Multiplication of a Decimal by a Decimal: To multiply two decimal numbers, ignore the

decimal point in the factors and multiply the two in the same way as we multiply whole
numbers. Put the decimal point in the product in such a way that the number of digits to the
right of the decimal point is the same as the total number of the decimal places in the factors.
Example: 0.15 × 0.5 = 0.075

Division of Decimal
1. Division of a Decimal by a Whole Number: To divide a decimal number by a whole number,
ignore the decimal point and divide. Finally put the decimal point in the quotient such that the
number of decimal places in the quotient is same as the number of decimal places in the
dividend.
Example: 27.54 ÷ 9 = 3.06

2. Division by 10, 100 1000, etc.: To divide a decimal by 10, 100, 1000, etc. we get the quotient
by moving the decimal point of the dividend as many places to the left as there are zeros in the
divisor.
Example: 256.5 ÷ 10 = 25.65
256.5 ÷ 100 = 2.565
256.5 ÷ 1000 = 0.256

Practice Work:
1. Choose the correct option.
a. Two equivalent decimals of 3.03 are
i) 3.30, 3.030 ii) 3.030, 3.0300 iii) 3.0300, 3.003 iv) 3.300, 3.0300
b. The place value of 8 in 5.238 is
8 8 8
i) 8 ii) iii) iv)
10 100 1000

c. 0.096 ÷ 3 = ______.
i) 0.32 ii) 0.032 iii) 0.302 iv) 0.0032

2. Vicky bought books for ₹425.50, notebooks for ₹173.50 and pencils for ₹50. He gave ₹1000

to the shopkeeper. How much money did Vicky get back?

3. Arrange in ascending order: 44.43, 444.3, 43.44, 434.4, 34.44

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4. Evaluate 0.436 × 12.
5. Find the sum of 609.3372 and 81.2593 and subtract it from 950.
6. What should be added to 5.09 to get 5.5?
7. Represent the shaded parts as fractions and then convert them into decimals.

a. b.

8. Complete the table

Decimal ÷10 ÷100 ÷1000 ×10 ×100
number
82.6

1.05333

126.7

ANSWERS
1. a. ii b. iv c. ii
2. ₹ 351 3. 34.44 < 43.44 < 44.43 < 434.4 < 444.3
4. 5.232 5. 259.4035 6. 0.41 7. 0.375, 0.5
8.
Decimal ÷10 ÷100 ÷1000 ×10 ×100
number
82.6 8.26 0.826 0.0826 826 8260
105.333 10.5333 1.05333 0.105333 1053.33 10533.3
1.267 0.1267 0.01267 0.001267 12.67 126.7

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