Sunny Prajapati
Sunny Prajapati
of
engineering and technology
Sunny K. Prajapati
Enrol. No :- 170880106002
Teacher name:-sonal mam
Subject name :- physics
Topic :- index profile
index profile
Definition:-
“A refractive index profile is the distribution of refractive indices
of material within an optical fibre. Some optical fibre has a step
index profile , in which the core has one uniformly distributed index
and the cladding has a lower uniformly distributed index. ”
In optical fibre , the whole materials of the cladding has a uniforms
refractive index value.
But, the refractive index of the core materials may either remain
constant or subjected to variation in a particular way .
The curve which represent the variation of refractive index
(along the vertical axis) with respect to the radial distance
(along the horizontal) from the axis of the fibre is called the
refractive index profile.
Types of index profile:-
DEFINITION:-
A. Guided Rays
B . Guided Waves
C. Single-Mode Fibre
A. Guided Rays:-
A. Guided Waves
A. Guided waves
In this section we used instead an approximate approach
based on picturing the field distribution as a quasi plane
wave traveling within the core ,approximately along the
optical ray
A quasi plane wave is a wave that is locally identical to a
plane wave but change its direction and amplitude slowly as
its travels.
This approach permits us to maintain the simplicity of rays
optic but retain the phase associated with the wave so that
we can use the self consistency.
Fibre configuration
a single mode step index fibre has a central core material of a uniform
refractive index value.
the diameter of the core is sufficiently small to that ,there is essentially
only one path that high may take as it propagates down the cable.
similarly, the cladding also has a material of uniform refractive index of a
lesser value.
the diameter of the cladding is shown in the figure.
Figure:-
The Simplest From Of Single Mode Step Index Fibre Has Glass Core
And Air Cladding .
Even though It Is Relatively Easy To Couple Light From A Source Into
The Cable ,This Type Of Fibre Is Very Weak And Of Limited Practical Use
A More Practice Type Of Single Mode Step Index Fibre Is One . That Has
A Cladding Other Than Air.
This Type Of A Cable Is Physically Stronger Than Air Clad Fibre And
The Critical Angle Is Also Much Higher.
This Results In A Small Acceptance Angle And A Narrow Source To
Fiber Aperture Figure Making It Much More Difficult To Couple Light
Into The Fibre From A Light Source .
With A Both Types Of A Single Mode Step Index Fibre Light Is
Propagates Down The Fibre Through Reflection.
With A Both Types Of A Single Mode Step Index Fibre Light Is
Propagates Down The Fibre Through Reflection.
Light Ray That Enter The Fibre Propagates Straight Down The
Core Or Perhaps Are Reflacted Once.
Consequently All Light Rays Follow Approximately The Same
Path Down The Cable And Take Approximately The Same
Amount Of Time To Travel The Length Of The Cable.
(2).Multimode step index fibre