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Flood Routing. PPT - 1

This document provides information about flood routing. It discusses how flood routing can be used to estimate how flood mitigation measures will affect flood wave behavior in rivers. Flood routing is a procedure to determine flood discharge over time downstream based on data upstream. There are two main categories: 1) lumped flood routing which uses continuity and a storage function, and 2) distributed flood routing which combines continuity and momentum equations and models flood waves spatially over time. Reservoir routing is presented as an example of lumped flood routing.

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308 views29 pages

Flood Routing. PPT - 1

This document provides information about flood routing. It discusses how flood routing can be used to estimate how flood mitigation measures will affect flood wave behavior in rivers. Flood routing is a procedure to determine flood discharge over time downstream based on data upstream. There are two main categories: 1) lumped flood routing which uses continuity and a storage function, and 2) distributed flood routing which combines continuity and momentum equations and models flood waves spatially over time. Reservoir routing is presented as an example of lumped flood routing.

Uploaded by

Epa Paul
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WATER RESOURCES

ENGINEERING 1
Bachelor’s of Science in Civil Engineering

3. FLOOD ROUTING
Kajubi Enock (BSc. MSc.)
Lecturer Hydrology

Email: fk.Enock@gmail.com

Ndejje University
P.O Box 7088 Kampala, Uganda
FLOOD ROUTING
Since ancient times, civilizations have always
developed along rivers. This proximity to water
courses guaranteed man access to the sea coast,
irrigation for crops, water supplies for urban
communities and more recently, power
development and industrial water supply.
FLOOD ROUTING
Despite the many advantages of being near rivers,
there has always been the risk of flooding.

 Levees or flood banks.


 Storage reservoirs
 Relief channels, storage basins and channel
improvements
FLOOD ROUTING
It is important for such works that estimates can be
made of how the measures proposed, will affect
the behaviour of flood waves in rivers so that
economic solutions can be found in particular cases.

Flood routing is the description that applies to this.


FLOOD ROUTING

It is a procedure through which the


variation of discharge with time at a point
on a stream channel can be determined by
consideration of similar data for a point
upstream.
FLOOD ROUTING

It is a process that shows how a flood


wave can be reduced in magnitude,
attenuated and lengthened in time
lagged, by the use of storage in the
reach between the two points.
FLOOD ROUTING
1. Lumped flood routing (Flow is a
function of time at a point). Routing by
these methods is called hydrologic
routing. Uses the equation of continuity
and the relationships of the Storage,
outflow, inflow.
FLOOD ROUTING
2. Distributed flood routing (flood is a function of
time and space through out the system). Routing by
these methods is Hydraulic routing. They combine
both equation of continuity and momentum.

Its based on the St. Venant’s equation of motion of


unsteady flow, or the dynamic wave equation.
1. Lumped flood routing.

The two main categories of lumped


flood routing are reservoir routing
and channel routing (Chow, 1988,
Subramanya, 1994).
1. Lumped flood routing.

Hydrologic routing employs the use of


continuity and a storage function.
The continuity equation is expressed in
the form inflow minus outflow equals
rate of change of storage.
1. Lumped flood routing.

The storage function is a simple relation


between storage and discharge or
between storage and inflow and
discharge as shown
RESERVOIR ROUTING
A) Reservoir routing

Flood routing is a procedure to


determine the time and magnitude of
flow at a point on a downstream water
course from known or assumed
hydrograph at one or more points
upstream.
A) Reservoir routing
Reservoir routing method is used:
i. For flood forecasting in the lower parts of a river basin
after passing through reservoir, the case of Awash river
downstream of Koka dam,
ii. For sizing spillways and determining dam / cofferdam
height
iii. For conducting river basin watershed studies for
watersheds where one or more storage facilities exist.
A) Reservoir routing
Assuming that we are given an inflow
hydrograph I (t) and required to produce
the corresponding discharge hydrograph
Q(t) we can precede as follows:
Let this inflow hydrograph be given at equal intervals
t (one hour, one day, etc.) as 1 I , 2 I , 3 I ………….
and assuming knowledge of 1 Q the initial condition,
we may write approximately;
A) Reservoir routing
Collecting known terms to the left,
we have.

Let this inflow hydrograph be given at equal


intervals t (one hour, one day, etc.) and
assuming knowledge of Q1 the initial condition,
we may write approximately;
A) Reservoir routing
1. Obtain discharge –
storage relationship
of the reservoir as
shown in the curve
below:
A) Reservoir routing
2. Use the value on
the LHD to obtain
Discharge, Q and
Storage, S for the
next computation.
And repeat the
process.
EXAMPLE 1
SOLUTION
First determine the outflow storage relationships by assuming ~ 5 regular
intervals of H, except for the first one, where there is an extra value
required (because of the closeness of the curves) and obtain the values as
shown in Table below:
A = reservoir
area, H = head
of water above
spillway crest

Inflow and
Outflow are in
m3/s, storage is
in m3
A) Reservoir routing
The maximum water level in the reservoir is
estimated from the largest outflow in the routing
Table shown and applying the discharge-stage
relationship, Hmax = 0.451m.

Hmax = maximum storage / reservoir area=


23850/54000 = 0.442m.

The latter is less accurate however, because it


involves more approximations, especially in
The inflow and outflow hydrograph
CHANNEL ROUTING

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