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Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Mara

This document provides instructions for an electrical engineering experiment on single phase AC circuits. Students will use simulation software to construct and analyze series and parallel RL and RC circuits. They will observe voltage and current waveforms to determine the phase relationships between the components. Tables will be used to record the measured phase differences between voltage and current for different circuit configurations: (1) series RL circuit, (2) series R circuit, (3) series L circuit, (4) RC circuit, (5) R circuit, and (6) C circuit. Students will then discuss the observed phase relationships and draw conclusions based on their results.

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272 views5 pages

Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Mara

This document provides instructions for an electrical engineering experiment on single phase AC circuits. Students will use simulation software to construct and analyze series and parallel RL and RC circuits. They will observe voltage and current waveforms to determine the phase relationships between the components. Tables will be used to record the measured phase differences between voltage and current for different circuit configurations: (1) series RL circuit, (2) series R circuit, (3) series L circuit, (4) RC circuit, (5) R circuit, and (6) C circuit. Students will then discuss the observed phase relationships and draw conclusions based on their results.

Uploaded by

aqil aiman
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (ELE291)

EXPERIMENT 4

SINGLE PHASE AC CIRCUIT


1.1 OBJECTIVE

1. Study the phasor relationship between Voltage and Current in a single-phase AC Circuit.

1.2 LIST OF REQUIREMENTS

Virtual Equipment
1. Function generator (AC voltage source)

Virtual Components
1. Resistor: 300 Ω
2. capacitor: 8.84 uF
3. Inductor: 0.8 H
4. Ground
5. wires
1.3 THEORY

AC circuit elements consist of resistors (R), inductors (L) and capacitors(C) which can be fed
from 1 phase 60 Hz, 120V source. Resistor and inductor combination connected to a single
phase AC source results in a lagging current with respect to voltage. If R and L are connected
in series, the phasor sum of the voltages across L and R equals the source voltage. In
contrast if they are connected in parallel the phasor sum of the currents drawn by R & L
equals the source current. Power factor of any load (source) is defined as the cosine of the
angle between the load(source) current and corresponding load(source) voltage.

1.4 PRE-LAB CALCULATIONS

1. If R1= 300Ω is connected in series with an inductive reactance of X1 = j300Ω, what will be the
impedance angle of this series combination?

Figure 1

2. Draw the phasor diagrams for the voltages in Figure 1. Take voltage across the resistor (VR)
as the reference vector.
3. For the circuit in Figure 2, calculate the three currents Is, Ir and I1 and draw the phasor
diagram.

Figure 2
1.5 SIMULATION PROCEDURES

1. Construct the circuit as shown in Figure 1 by using Multisim Online or other suitable
simulation software with Vin=120 Vrms sine at 60Hz, R=300Ω, and L=0.8H.

Figure 3: Series RL circuit

2. Insert probe to measure voltage and current by selecting the appropriate probe as shown in
Figure 4.

Figure 4

3. Set the simulation time to 0.05s as depicted in Figure 5 and then run the simulation.

Figure 5
4. Observe the voltage waveforms (V1) and current waveform (I) on the grapher and obtain the
phase difference between these two signals by using 360*∆𝑡⁄𝑇 where ∆𝑡 is the time
difference between signals V and I while T is the period (1/f) as shown in Figure 6. Record the
phase value in Table 1.

Figure 6

5. Disconnect only the inductor and obtain the phase difference between V1 and I and record
the result in the table 1.
6. Now reconnect the inductor, reduce the resistor to 1mΩ and measure the phase difference
between V1 and I and record the result in the table 1.

Table 1
Circuit Phase
RL
R
L

7. Repeat steps 1 through 6 by replacing inductor with capacitor C= 8.84 uF and record the
results Table 2.
Table 2
Circuit Phase
RC
R
C
1.6 DISCUSSION

1. What is the phase relationship for voltage and current between R and L components in
AC circuit?

2. What is the phase relationship between R and C components in AC circuit?

1.7 CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

1) Boylestad, R.L. (2016). Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th ed.). Pearson.

2) Alexander, Charles K. & Matthew N.O. Sadiku (2017). Fundamentals of Electric


Circuits (6th ed). McGraw Hill.

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