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Science
Quarter 2- Module1
Week 1- The Skeletal System

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Science Grade 6
Quarter 2 – Module 1: The Skeletal System

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The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Development Team of the Module

Writer / Compiler: Emerlita C. Avendanio, MT II - DVRMES
Content Editors/: Dr. Ronald N. Llerin, PSDS - SD 7
Reviewers Dr. Anatolia U. Patosa, Principal I - Ermita Elem. School
Dr. Floreiphine S. Navarro, Principal III - Punta Princesa Elem. School
Mrs. Reyna G. Marquez, Asst. Pricipal.- Labangon Bliss Elem. School
Language Editor: Dr. Arlene A. Caballero, Principal III – Mabolo Elem. School
Illustrator / Layout Artists: Emerlita C. Avendanio, MT II - DVRMES
Management Team: Dr. Rhea Mar A. Angtud, Schools Division Superintendent
Dr. Danilo G. Gudelosao, Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Mrs. Grecia F. Bataluna, CID Chief
Mrs. Vanessa L. Harayo, EPS-LRMS
Dr. Raylene S. Manawatao, EPS - SCIENCE

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Science
Quarter 2- Module1
Week 1- The Skeletal System

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Cover Page ------------------------------------------------ 1

Title Page ------------------------------------------------- 2

Copyright Page ------------------------------------------------- 3

Table of Contents ------------------------------------------------- 4

What I Need to Know ------------------------------------------------ 5

What I Know ---------------------------------------------- 6

What’s New ------------------------------------------------ 7

What is it ------------------------------------------------ 7

What’s More ------------------------------------------------ 10

What I have Learned ------------------------------------------------ 12

What I Can Do ----------------------------------------------- 13

Let’s Evaluate !!! ------------------------------------------------ 14

Answer Key… ------------------------------------------------ 15

References … ------------------------------------------------ 15

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 What I Need to Know

In this module, you will learn about how the human skeletal system works. You will
know what its parts are, how these parts function, and how they are interrelated. You will
also find out some ways on how you can best take care of it. (S6LTIIc-d-2)

Here’s a simple guide for you in going about this module:

1. Read and follow the instructions very carefully.

2. Take the pretest provided at the start to determine how much you know about the
content of this module.
3. Be very honest in taking the test so you know how much knowledge you already
have about the topic.
4. Read carefully the lesson included in this module.
5. Perform all the activities, as these will help you have a better understanding of the
topic.
6. Finally, take the post-test at the end of the module.

After studying this module, you should be able to:

• identify the different parts of the human skeletal system ;

• describe the structure and functions of the human skeletal system ;

• cite ways to best take care of the human skeletal system.

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 What I Know (Pre-test)

Quarter 2 – Module 1: The Skeletal System

Read each question carefully and write the letter of the correct answer on your pad
paper.
1. Which is NOT the function of the skeletal system? It _________.
A. acts as support of the body C. protects the internal organs of the body
B. serves as framework of the body D. converts energy for the body to move
2. Which is the longest bone in the body?
A. clavicle B. femur C. humerus D. tibia
3. What is the function of the axial skeleton? It _________ .
A. acts as a shock absorber
B. aids in the movement of the body
C. connects muscles to the skeleton
D. protects the delicate organs of the body
4. Why is the bone marrow important to the body? It ____________.
A. stores much fat C. produces red blood cells
B. makes the bones strong D. produces new bone cells
5. Which of these bones aids in movement?
A. backbone B. hipbone C. rib cage D. skull
6. Which of the following bones protect the lungs and heart?
A. backbone B. clavicle C. rib cage D. scapula
7. Which of these holds two bones together?
A. cartilage B. joint C. ligament D. tendons
8. Which bone protects the brain?
A. clavicle B. cranium C. pelvic D. ribs
9. Which of these is TRUE about ball-and-socket joint? It allows _________.
A. rotation movement C. movement in one direction only
B. movement in all directions D. side to side and back and forth movement
10. Which healthful habits should be practiced to keep the skeletal system healthy?
A. Do regular exercise. C. Maintain a good posture.
B. Eat food rich in calcium and Vitamin D. D. All of the above.

Well, how was it? Let’s see if you get it right. Compare your answers
with those in the Key to Answers on page 14.

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 What’s New

Have you observed how houses are built?

Houses and buildings are not just wood, concrete,
bricks and stone. Construction workers put steel or
wood as frames to make them stronger and flexible.
They serve as support and framework to make them
stand and stay firm.
https://tinyurl.com/y3lr52qk
The framework in houses is similar with the
skeletal system. What do you think is the role of the
skeletal system?
____________________________________________
____________________________________________

Try to feel your head, fingers, arms, thigh and face.

What composes the skeletal system?
____________________________________________

What is it https://tinyurl.com/y2azdubk

How does the skeletal system work?

The skeletal system gives the body structural support and shape. It holds the body as
one and allows it to move. It protects the delicate internal organs such as the heart, lungs
and brain.
STRUCTURE OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM

A. BONES
Do you know that there are around 206 bones in your body? When you were a baby,
you had about 305 bones, some of them eventually fusing together.
Functions of the Skeleton (the bones which form the framework of your body):
1. It gives body much needed support.
2. It protects the internal organs in the body.
3. It makes body movement possible through muscles attached to them.
4. It stores important minerals like calcium.
5. It’s where millions of blood cells are produced.

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The bones in your body have two divisions:

The axial skeleton protects the delicate organs in

the body. It includes the skull, vertebral column, ribs and
sternum.

The appendicular skeleton provides support and

aids the body in movement. It includes bones of
shoulders, arms, hands, hips, legs and feet.

The skull is consist of cranium and facial bones . It

is made up of eight bones joined together protecting the
brain.

The eye socket protects the eyeball. The mandible

or jawbone protects the teeth.

THE SPINAL COLUMN AND THE RIBS

Attached to the skull is a backbone or spinal

column. It is made up of irregularly shaped hollow bones https://tinyurl.com/y2nd46ae
called vertebrae that are stacked on top of each other.

The breastbone is a long flat bone at the middle of

the chest. It is attached to the ribs. The breastbone and
ribs enclose the heart and lungs.

The bones that protrude at the base of the neck are

the collarbones. They are attached to the triangular
bones called shoulder blades. Both bones stabilize the
rib cage and connect the shoulders to the arms. The arms
has three bones, one in upper arm and two in the lower
arm. Each hand also has several bones for fingers and
palm. The same can be said for the leg. Between the
upper and lower leg is the kneecap. The foot also has
several bones.

Just below the waist, is your hipbone which

connects the backbone and the legs.

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B. JOINTS

You can bend your knees, twist your arms, nod your head, and do other movements.
You can do a lot of movements because of your joints. A joint is formed when two bones
connect. Below are the different types of joints and their location.

hinge joint ball and socket joint gliding joint pivot joint

TYPES OF JOINTS LOCATION MOVEMENT

gliding joint wrists sliding bones over each other
hinge joint ankles, knees, elbows bending and straightening
ball-and-socket joints shoulders free movement in all directions
saddle joints thumbs tilting in several directions
pivot joints head and neck limited movement, turning right to left
immovable joints skull (do not allow movement)

C. CARTILAGE
Some bones have their ends coated with smooth and slippery tissue called cartilage.
It functions as a shock absorber and acts as a cushion between two bones and helps the
joints move.

D. LIGAMENTS
Ligaments are made of very thick and elastic material, making them tough. They can
stretch when the bones move. The bones do not separate even if they do a lot of movement
because the ligaments hold them together.

E. TENDONS

Tendons connect a muscle to a bone. They are also made of tough material. An
example of a tendon is the Achilles tendon in the foot. It connects the calf muscles to the
heel bone.

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 What’s More

A. Examining Bone Structure

Problem: How do bones function ?

What you need: boiled chicken part: wing
plate
What you need to do:
1. Observe the chicken wing and try to move it.
2. Carefully remove the meat with your hands so you can see the bones
underneath. Make sure the ligaments are intact.
3. Draw the bones of the wing and encircle the joint you see.
4. Move the bones and observe the joints.
What have you found out :
1. Did you notice how the muscles are attached to the bones? What are these tough
materials that connect muscles to bones?
________________________________________________________________
2. What do you call the part where two bones meet?
________________________________________________________________
What type of joint is in the chicken wing? _______________________________
3. How do joints help in facilitating movement?
________________________________________________________________
4. What connects the two bones together?
________________________________________________________________
Conclusion:

How do bones function?

______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________

Drawing:

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B. PROPER CARE OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM

Think of some ways you can promote the health of your bones and avoid
diseases of the skeletal system. List them down on a separate sheet of paper.

Now, go back to your list. Are you observing proper care of your skeletal system?

Eat a lot of foods rich in calcium Eat a lot of protein-rich foods such
such as milk and dairy products. as soya beans, vegetables, meat, and fish.

Always seek medical help when a Rest regularly. Avoid too much
bone injury is likely to have occurred. strain on your bones and joints.

Keep things orderly. Playthings left Keep floors dry to avoid slipping.
on the stairs might cause accidents.

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 Let’s do More

A. Write True if the statement is correct and False if the statement is incorrect.
_____ 1. There are 208 bones in the human body.
_____ 2. The skeleton is the structural arrangement of bones in the human body.
_____ 3. All bones are of the same shape.
_____ 4. Bones give shape to the body.
_____ 5. The backbones or spinal column are attached to the skull.

B. Fill in the blanks with words from the box to complete the statements below.

spine joints cartilage tendon

clavicle immovable joints pivot joint

1. The ___________________ allows rotation movement.

2. Our body can bend and stretch because of the _________________.
3. The skull has _____________________ which do not allow movement.
4. The ________________ is the collarbone found in front of your shoulder.
5. The fibrous connective tissue that covers the bone is _______________.

C. Put a check mark ( ) if the sentence describes taking care of the skeletal
system and ( X ) if it’s not. Write your answer on your pad paper.
1. Wear proper equipment when riding a bike.
2. Broken bones should be moved constantly.
3. Eating food rich in calcium and Vitamin D.
4. Protein and calcium should be included in your diet to keep your bones strong.
5. Playing computer games for hours to keep you awake.

What I Have Learned

Read each question carefully and write your answer on your pad paper.

1. What makes up the skeletal system?

___________________________________________________________
2. How are bones classified?
___________________________________________________________
3. Why is skeletal system important?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

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 4. Differentiate tendons from ligaments.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

5. How does the ribcage protect the heart and lungs?

_________________________________________________________________

What I Can Do

Study the pictures below and answer the given question.

Why are these people wearing protective covers?

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

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 Let’s evaluate ! (Post-Test)
Quarter 2 – Module 1: The Skeletal System
A. Read each question carefully and encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system? It ____________.
A. transports food to the different parts of the body
B. controls all the activities of the body
C. distributes nutrients and minerals to all parts of the body
D. gives the body structural support and shape
2. Which of these is a soft tissue that covers the end of a bone?
A. cartilage B. joint C. ligament D. tendon
3. What is the function of the appendicular skeleton? It _________.
A. acts as a shock absorber
B. aids in the movement of the body
C. connects muscles to the skeleton
D. protects the delicate organs of the body
4. What is a characteristic of ligaments? It _________.
A. connects the ends of muscles to the bones
B. stretches to facilitate the movement of the bones
C. enables the bones to move freely in all directions
D. covers end of bones with an oil-like fluid that acts as lubrication
5. Which of these bones stabilize the rib cage and connect the shoulders to the arms?
A. backbones C. vertebrae
B. ribs D. collarbones and shoulder blades
6. Why do bones move in different ways? The ________.
A. cartilage is present in the bones
B. bones are connected at the joints
C. backbone is able to twist and bend
D. ligaments pull the bones in various directions
7. What is formed when two bones meet?
A. joint B. cartilage C. ligament D. tendon
8. Which of these bones connects the spinal column and the legs?
A. hipbone C. tarsal
B. kneecap D. tibia
9. Which bone is an example of a hinge joint?
A. ankle B. neck C. shoulder D. wrist
10. Which of these describes how to take care of your skeletal system?
A. Exercise regularly.
B. Sit with curved back.
C. Playing computer games for hours.
D. Avoid calcium-rich foods like cheese and dairy products.

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 Key to Answers:

What’s More Let’ Do More What I have Learned

A.1. tendons B. 1. pivot joints 1. bones
2. joints 2. spine joints 2. axial and appendicular
3. hinge joints 3. immovable joints 3. it supports and gives the body its shape
4. ligaments 4. clavicle 4. Tendons connect muscles to bones.
Ligaments connect bones.
5. cartilage 5. It encloses the heart and lungs
A. 1.false C. 1. /
2. true 2. X
3. false 3. /
4. true 4. /
5. true 5.X

References:

A. Books:

Sarte, Evelyn T., Science Beyond Borders 6, DepEd-BLR, 2016

Padpad, Evelyn C., The New Science Links 6 : Rex Bookstore Inc., 2015
San Pablo, Jovita H., Real-Life Science 6 : Abiva Publishing House, Inc., 2016
GRADE_6_SCIENCE_ACTIVITIES_SECOND_QUARTER.pdf

B. Images:

https://tinyurl.com/y3lr52qk
https://tinyurl.com/y2azdubk
https://tinyurl.com/y2nd46ae
https://tinyurl.com/y4qdk4hk

- End of Module -

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KEY ANSWERS (Skeletal System)
PRETEST POSTTEST
1. D 6. C 1. D 6. B
2. B 7. C 2. A 7. A
3. D 8. B 3. B 8. A
4. C 9. B 4. B 9. A
5. B 10. D 5. D 10. A

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