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Assignment 2

The document provides the details of an assignment on optical fiber communication that is due on August 16th, 2021. It consists of 10 questions related to optical fiber topics like pulse dispersion, stimulated scattering, fiber bandwidth-length products, photodetector responsivity, quantum efficiency, and more. Students are to solve the problems based on information from provided textbooks. Copying assignments will receive zero marks.

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Ali Khan
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386 views2 pages

Assignment 2

The document provides the details of an assignment on optical fiber communication that is due on August 16th, 2021. It consists of 10 questions related to optical fiber topics like pulse dispersion, stimulated scattering, fiber bandwidth-length products, photodetector responsivity, quantum efficiency, and more. Students are to solve the problems based on information from provided textbooks. Copying assignments will receive zero marks.

Uploaded by

Ali Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ASSIGNMENT#2

Submission Deadline: 16th August 2021

Note: Zero marks will be given for copied assignments

1. A 6 km optical link consists of multimode step index fiber with a core refractive index of 1.5 and
a relative refractive index difference of 1%. Estimate:
a. the delay difference between the slowest and fastest modes at the fiber output;
b. the rms pulse broadening due to intermodal dispersion on the link;
c. the maximum bit rate that may be obtained without substantial errors on the link assuming only
intermodal dispersion;
d. the bandwidth–length product corresponding to (c).

Hint: For solving part (c), read from John m. Senior pg 115-117. Example 3.8
2. The threshold optical power for stimulated Brillouin scattering at a wavelength of 0.85 μm in a
long single-mode fiber using an injection laser source with a bandwidth of 800 MHz is 127 mW. The
fiber has an attenuation of 2 dB km −1 at this wavelength. Determine the threshold optical power for
stimulated Raman scattering within the fiber at a wavelength of 0.9 μm assuming the fiber attenuation
is reduced to 1.8 dB km−1 at this wavelength.

Hint: Reading pg 98-99 from John m. Senior about stimulated Brillouin scattering and stimulated
Raman scattering

3. A multimode graded index fiber exhibits total pulse broadening of 0.1 μs over a distance of 15
km. Estimate: (a) the maximum possible bandwidth on the link assuming no intersymbol interference;
(b) the pulse dispersion per unit length; (c) the bandwidth–length product for the fiber.

Hint: reading pg 105-108

4. A multimode step index fiber gives a total pulse broadening of 95 ns over a 5 km length.
Estimate the bandwidth–length product for the fiber when a nonreturn to zero digital code is used.

b. A single-mode step index fiber has a bandwidth–length product of 10 GHz km. Estimate the rms
pulse broadening over a 40 km digital optical link without repeaters consisting of the fiber, and
using a return to zero code.

5. A multimode, optimum, near-parabolic profile graded index fiber has a material dispersion
parameter of 30 ps nm−1 km−1 when used with a good LED source of rms spectral width 25 nm. The
fiber has a numerical aperture of 0.4 and a core axis refractive index of 1.48. Estimate the total rms
pulse broadening per kilometer within the fiber assuming waveguide dispersion to be negligible.
Hence, estimate the bandwidth–length product for the fiber.

6. Describe the techniques employed and the fiber structures utilized to provide:
a. Dispersion-shifted single-mode fibers;
b. Dispersion-flattened single-mode fibers.
c. Dispersion compensating fiber

7. A p–n photodiode has a quantum efficiency of 50% at a wavelength of 0.9 μm. Calculate:
a. its responsivity at 0.9 μm;
b. the received optical power if the mean photocurrent is 10 −6 A;
c. the corresponding number of received photons at this wavelength.

8. When 800 photons per second are incident on a p–i–n photodiode operating at a wavelength of 1.3
μm they generate on average 550 electrons per second which are collected. Calculate the
responsivity of the device.

9. A p–i–n photodiode on average generates one electron–hole pair per three incident photons at a
wavelength of 0.8 μm. Assuming all the electrons are collected calculate: (a) the quantum efficiency
of the device; (b) its maximum possible bandgap energy; (c) the mean output photocurrent when
the received optical power is 10−7 W.

10. Define the quantum efficiency and the responsivity of a photodetector. Derive an expression for
the responsivity of an intrinsic photodetector in terms of the quantum efficiency of the device and
the wavelength of the incident radiation. Determine the wavelength at which the quantum
efficiency and the responsivity are equal.

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