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2 Area and Riemann Sum

This document discusses calculating the area under a curve using Riemann sums and various approximation methods. It provides examples of finding the area under curves using left, right, and midpoint rectangles as well as the trapezoidal rule. It also addresses how the approximation improves as the number of rectangles increases and defines the actual area as the limit of the approximating sums.

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Heidy Chau
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64 views8 pages

2 Area and Riemann Sum

This document discusses calculating the area under a curve using Riemann sums and various approximation methods. It provides examples of finding the area under curves using left, right, and midpoint rectangles as well as the trapezoidal rule. It also addresses how the approximation improves as the number of rectangles increases and defines the actual area as the limit of the approximating sums.

Uploaded by

Heidy Chau
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2 

Area and Riemann Sum

Consider the function f (x) = 5, what


is the area under the curve, from x=-1
to x=4.

Consider the function f (x) = x+1, what


is the area under the curve, from x=0
to x=6.

1
2 Area and Riemann Sum

Consider the function f (x) = |x-2|+2,


what is the area under the curve,
from x=-3 to x=6.

2
Consider the function f (x) = √36 ­ x
what is the area under the curve,
from x=-6 to x=6.

2
2 Area and Riemann Sum

Find the area of the region S that lies under the curve y = f (x) from 
 

a to b.
S is bounded by the graph of a continuous function f [where f (x) ≥ 0], 
 

the vertical lines x = a and x = b, and the x­axis.

4 Methods for Finding Approximate Area Under a Curve

Trapezoidal Rule/Approximation

3
2 Area and Riemann Sum

Estimate the area under the parabola y = x2 from 0 to 1, 
using 4 rectangles. 

Method 1: Using Left Endpoints


Estimate the area under the parabola y = x2 from 0 to 1, 
using 4 rectangles. 

4
2 Area and Riemann Sum

Method 2: Using Right Endpoints

Estimate the area under the parabola y = x2 from 0 to 1, 
using 4 rectangles. 

Method 3: Using Midpoints


Estimate the area under the 
parabola y = x2 from 0 to 1, 
using 4 rectangles. 

5
2 Area and Riemann Sum

Method 4: Using the Trapezoidal Approximation


Estimate the area under the 
parabola y = x2 from 0 to 1, 
using 4 rectangles. 

Student Example 1
Estimate the area under the graph of f(x) = √x  from x = 0 to x = 9, 
using six approximating rectangles. Sketch the graph and the 
rectangles. Approximate the area using each of the four methods 
(right­end, left ­end, midpoint and trapezoidal). State whether it is an 
under  or over estimate.

6
2 Area and Riemann Sum

What happens when we increase the number of rectangles used in the approximation?

Calculate:

7
2 Area and Riemann Sum

What is the limit?

Therefore we define the area A to be the limit of the sums of the 
areas of the approximating rectangles, that is,

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