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Presentation On Air Pollution and Its Measurement

This document discusses air pollution and its measurement. It defines air pollution and lists common air pollutants such as gases, particulates, and biological molecules. It describes primary and secondary pollutants and how ambient air quality is continuously and non-continuously monitored. The air quality index is discussed as a tool used to communicate pollution levels to the public in categories from good to severe based on concentrations of 8 pollutants. Sources of air quality information and methods of calculating the AQI and measuring pollutant concentrations are outlined.

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Ashwani Gaur
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740 views11 pages

Presentation On Air Pollution and Its Measurement

This document discusses air pollution and its measurement. It defines air pollution and lists common air pollutants such as gases, particulates, and biological molecules. It describes primary and secondary pollutants and how ambient air quality is continuously and non-continuously monitored. The air quality index is discussed as a tool used to communicate pollution levels to the public in categories from good to severe based on concentrations of 8 pollutants. Sources of air quality information and methods of calculating the AQI and measuring pollutant concentrations are outlined.

Uploaded by

Ashwani Gaur
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Presentation on Air pollution

and its measurement


Submitted by Ashwani Gaur (19081567001)
B.Sc.(Hons) Physics
Submitted to Dr. Mukesh Rana Sir
Weather Forecasting
AIR POLLUTION

❏ Air pollution refers to any physical,chemical or


biological change in the air.It is the
contamination of air by harmful gases,dust and
smoke which affects plants,animals and
humans drastically..

❏ Air pollutants are Gases(such as


ammonia,carbon monoxide,sulfur
dioxide,nitrous oxides,methane and
chlorofluorocarbons),particulates(both organic
and inorganic),and biological molecules.
Types of air pollutants
❏ Primary pollutants - products of natural
events (e.g. fires and volcanic eruptions) and
human activities which are emitted directly
into the atmosphere, such as SO2, CO, NO2
etc.
❏ Secondary pollutants - formed by interaction
of primary pollutants with each other or with
normal components of the air e.g. H2SO4,
HNO3, O3 etc
Ambient Air Quality
❏ Ambient air quality refers to the quality of outdoor air in our surrounding
environment. It is typically measured near ground level, away from direct
sources of pollution.
❏ Pollutants are measured in two ways.
❏ In continuous monitoring, air is constantly measured and the data is
automatically transmitted to a central database.
❏ In noncontinuous monitoring, pollutants collect on a filter over a specified
period of time (such as one, three or six days). Then a technician collects the
filter and sends it to a certified laboratory for measurement and analysis.
Air quality index (AQI)
❏ An air quality index is used by government agencies to communicate to the
public how polluted the air currently is or how polluted it is forecast to
become.
❏ There are six AQI categories,namely Good,Satisfactory,Moderately
polluted,Poor,Very Poor, and Severe.
❏ The proposed AQI will consider eight pollutants (PM10,PM2.5, NO2 ,SO2 ,CO
,O3 ,NH3 ,and Pb) for which short-term (up to 24-hourly averaging period)
National Ambient Air Quality Standards are prescribed.
AQI
Measurement of AQI is based on 8 pollutants.
Where does information about air quality come from?
❏ Instruments on the ground and satellites
orbiting Earth collect information about what
is in our air.
❏ Environmental satellite can provide a higher
resolution measurement of aerosols over the
entire planet once a day.
❏ These satellites can also measure carbon
monoxide which is associated with poor air
quality resulting from wildfires.
How is AQI calculated?

❏ The sub-indices for individual pollutants at a


monitoring location are calculated using its
24-hourly average concentration value
(8-hourly in case of CO and O3) and health
breakpoint concentration range.The worst
sub-index is the AQI for that location.
❏ As the table shows, the AQI for PM2.5 is in the
‘good’ category (0-50) if the 24-hour average is
within 0-30 microgram/m3; e.g. if the 24-hour
average concentration is 15 microgram/m3, the
corresponding AQI is 25.
❏ In a similar manner, the AQI is calculated
separately for each of several pollutants
AQI formula
Measurement of the concentration of Air pollutants

❏ A great number of technologies and instruments are available for


sampling and determining the concentration level of these pollutants
in environment.
❏ These include chromatography,infrared
spectroscopy,fluorometry,spectrophotometry and atomic absorption
spectroscopy.

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