PHYSICS PAPER 2 SF026/2

PSPM SEMESTER 2 SESSION 2015/2016

1 (a) Define

(i) electric field.

A region of space around isolated charge where an electric force is

experienced OR Electric force per unit charge.

(ii) electric potential.

The potential energy per unit charge at that point in the electric field.

[2 marks]
(b)
+ 0.8 m −

0.5 m

FIGURE 1 A

FIGURE 1 shows two charges +50µC and −20 µC separated by 0.8 m.

Determine the

(i) electric field at point A due to the negative charge.

Q (20 x10 6 )
E k  9 x109  7.2 x103 N C 1
r2 0.52
Direction: Vertically towards the negative charge from point A

(ii) electric potential at point A.

Q
V k
r
Q 50 x 10  6
V1  k 1  9 x 109  4.77 x 105
r 0.943
(20 x 10  6 )
V2  9 x 109   3.6 x 105
0. 5
V  V  V 1 2  1.17 x 105 V
 (iii) external work required to bring a +2 µC charge from infinity to point A.

Wext  qV
  
 2 x 10 6 1.17 x 10 5  0.234 J
[8 marks]

(c ) A parallel plate capacitor of 47 µF is charge by a 12 V battery. The battery is

disconnected after the capacitor is fully charged.

(i) Calculate the charge on the plate.

Q  CV
 47 x 10 6 (12 )  5.64 x 10  4 C

(ii) What will happen to the potential difference between the plates if the
distance between plates is doubled? Justify your answer.

C1
When d is doubled , C is halved, C 2 
2
But Q is unchanged
Q Q Q
V2   2  2V1. Hence, V is doubled . (V2  2V1 )
C 2 C1 C1
2
OR
o A o A C1
C1  , C2  
d d  2
 
2
Q Q Q Q
V1  , V2   2  2V1
C1 C2 C1 C1
2
[5 marks]

2 (a)

FIGURE 2

FIGURE 2 Shows a tungsten wire connected to a battery with internal resistance r. At

room temperature of 230C , the readings of voltmeter and ammeter are 8.74 V and 437
mA respectively. After the tungsten wire is heated to 190 0C, the voltmeter reading is
8.85 V and the ammeter reading is 253 mA. Calculate the
 (i) emf and internal resistance of the battery.

  Ir  V    0.437r  8.74........(1)
  Ir  V    0.253r  8.85..........(2)
  9V
r  0.6

(ii) temperature coefficient of resistivity of tungsten wire.

V 8.85
R   35
I 0.253
V 8.74
Ro    20
I 0.437
R  Ro (1  T )
35  20(1   (167))    0.0045 K 1
[8 marks]

(b)

FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3 shows four identical bulbs connected to a 6 V battery and a switch. When
the switch is off, the ammeter reading is 0.5 A.

(i) Calculate the resistance of a bulb.

V 6
Req    12
I 0.5
1 1 3
Req  R      R
R R 2
3
12  R  R  8
2

(ii) What happen to the reading of the ammeter when the switch is on? Explain your
answer.
When S1 is switched on, it doesn’t affect the potential difference across B1, B2 and B3
Because B4 is parallel to the rest of the circuit. So, ammeter reading unchanged.

[ 7 marks ]
3 (a) A negative particle is moving at velocity v enters a region of uniform magnetic
field B which is perpendicular to the particles’s velocity. What happens to the
velocity and kinetic energy of the particle? Explain your answer.

Magnetic force acts perpendicularly to the particle’s motion and change its
direction. Therefore, the velocity of the particle changes. But the speed of the
particle remains constant. Thus, its kinetic energy remains constant.

[4 marks]
(b)

FIGURE 4

FIGURE 4 shows a rectangular current-carrying wire loop which is free to

rotate about a vertical axis in a uniform magnetic field of 1.42 T. The current in
the loop is 250 mA.

(i) Determine the magnetic force exerted on a-b

F IlB
 (0.25)(0.2)(1.42)  0.071N

(ii) The rectangular wire is rotated by 900 about the axis shown in FIGURE
4. At this position, what is the magnetic force on a-b? Explain your
answer.

F  IlB sin   sin 0 o or sin 180 o  0, so F  0 N

[5 marks]

(c ) Two long straight wires are placed 0.2 m apart. Each wire carries a current of 1.5 A in
the same direction.

(i) Calculate the magnitude of the force per unit length on the wires.

F  o I1 I 2

l 2d
4 x 10  7 (1.5)(1.5)

2 (0.2)
 2.25 x10  6 Nm 1
 (ii) What is magnetic field at a point midway between the wires? Justify your
answer.

Zero. Both wires produce same magnitude of magnetic field but in opposite
direction. So net magnetic field is zero.

(iii) What happen to the force on the wire if each wire carries the same current but
in opposite direction?

Magnitude of all forces still same but in opposite direction.

[6 marks]

4 (a)

galvanometer

FIGURE 5

A bar magnet is hanging by a string as shown in FIGURE 5. When the magnet is

swung towards the coil, the galvanometer needle deflects to the right.

(i) Why the galvanometer needle deflects?

The magnetic flux in the loop changes when the magnet moves towards the coil.
The change of magnetic flux induced current and detected by galvanometer.

(ii) What happen to the galvanometer when the magnet moves away from the coil?
State the law to explain this phenomenon.

Galvanometer deflected to the left.

Lenz’s law states that an induced electric current always flow in such a
direction that it opposes the change produce it.

(iii) If the magnet is static but the coil is brought towards the magnet, what will
happen to the galvanometer?

Galvanometer deflected to the right.

[5 marks]
(b) A rectangular coil of 250 turns and size 20 cm × 30 cm rotates at a constant angular
velocity of 500 rpm in a uniform magnetic field of 40 mT.

(i) Calculate the maximum magnetic flux through the coil.

  BA  (0.04 )(0.2 x 0.3)  0.00024 T m 2

 (ii) Calculate voltage produced by the coil when coil plane makes an angle 300 with
the magnetic field.

t  90o  30o  60o

  NAB sin t
 500 x 2 
 (250)(0.06)(0.04)  sin 60  27.2V
o
 60 

(iii) What is the maximum voltage produced by the coil?

  NAB
 500 x 2 
 (250)(0.06)(0.04)   31.42 V
 60 
[5 marks]
(c) The current flowing through a solenoid changes from 1.75 A to 3.00 A within 1.25 ms.
The back emf induced across the solenoid due this change is 6 V.

(i) Calculate the self inductance of solenoid.

l
   Lsolenoid
t
l (1.25 x 10 3 )
Lsolenoid    (6)  0.006H  6mH
t (1.75  3)

(ii) If the length of the solenoid is 25 cm and the cross-sectional area is 40 cm2 ,
calculate the number of turns of the solenoid.

o N 2 A Lsolenoid l
Lsolenoid  N
l o A
0.006 x 0.25
N
4 x10 7 (0.004)
N= 546.27  547
( must round up to complete the number of turn)

[5 marks]

5 (a)

FIGURE 6
FIGURE 6 shows a graph of alternating current through a 220 Ω resistor.

(i) Calculate the rms current through the resistor.

I0
I rms 
2
0.06
  42 mA
2
(ii) Calculate the peak voltage across the resistor.

V  IR  (0.06 )( 220 )  13 .2 V

(iii) State the equation of voltage across the resistor.

2 2
   50 or   157.1 Hz 1
T 0.04
V (t )  13.2 sin 50t

(iv) Calculate the average power dissipated by the resistor.

1 2
P I0 R
2
1
 (0.06 ) 2 (220 )  0.4 W
2
[7 marks]

(b) A sinusoidal voltage V(t) = 20 sin (50π t) is applied to a series RLC circuit with
R = 670 Ω , L = 250 mH and C = 47 µF.

(i) Calculate the impedance of the circuit.

Z  R 2   X L  X C 2
2
 1 
 (670)   (50 x 0.25) 
2 
 50 x 47 x 10 6 
 
 676.87   677

(ii) Calculate the phase angle of the circuit.

X L  XC
tan  
R
 1 
 (50 x 0.25)  
 50 x 47 x 10 6 
 
670
   8.17 o
 (iii) The frequency of AC source is adjusted until it draws maximum current.
Calculate the frequency of AC source at this instant.

1
2fL 
2fC
1
fr   46.4 Hz
2 LC

(iv) When the frequency of AC source is adjusted, does it change the power
dissipated by the circuit?

No change
[8 marks]

6 (a)

24 cm

FIGURE 7
An image of 15 cm height is formed 24 cm behind the convex lens as shown in
FIGURE 7. The origin of the image is from an object of 5 cm height located in front
of a convex lens. Calculate the

(i) object distance

v h
m  i
u ho
ho 5
u v  (24)  8 cm
hi (15)

(ii) focal length of the lens

1 1 1
 
f u v
1
1 1 
f     6 cm
 8 24 
[4 marks]
 (b) An object placed 10 cm in front of a curved mirror produced an image 5 cm
behind the mirror. Calculate the focal length of the mirror and state the type of
the mirror.

1 1 1
 
f u v
1
1 1 
f      10 cm
10 (5) 
convex mirror

[3 marks]

(c) White light is incident on a soap film of refractive index 1.33 in air. The reflected light
looks bluish because the red light of wavelength 670 nm is absent in the reflection.

(i) Does the light change phase when it reflects at air-film interface? Explain your
answer.

A phase change occurs. When light travel through smaller refractive index to
high refractive index materials and reflects at the boundary

(ii) Does the light change phase when it travels in film and reflects at film-air
interface?

No phase change

(iii) What happen to the wavelength and frequency of light when it travels from air
to the film?

The wavelength decreases and frequency unchanged.

(iv) Determine the minimum thickness of the soap film.

2nt  m
m 1 (min imum thickness)
m (670 x 10 9 )(1)
t    2.52 x 10 7 m  252 nm
2n 2(1.33)

[8 marks]
7 (a)

FIGURE 8

FIGURE 8 shows a photocell connected to a battery, ammeter, voltmeter and rheostat.

The photocell is exposed to a monochromatic light of wavelength 275 nm. Initially, the
reading of voltmeter is zero and the reading of voltmeter is zero and the reading of
ammeter is 5 nA. The rheostat is adjusted until the ammeter reading reaches zero and
the voltmeter reading is – 0.3 V.

(i) Sketch a graph of current flow in the circuit against the voltage across the
photocell

I / nA

(ii) Calculate the work function of photocell in eV

hc
W0   eVs

(6.63 x 10 34 )(3 x 108 )
W0   0.3eV
275 x 10 9
7.233 x 10 19
 eV  0.3eV  4.22 eV
1.6 x 10 34

(iii) Calculate the threshold frequency of the photocell

Wo  hf o

fo 
4.22 x 1.6 x10   1.02 x 10
19
15
Hz
6.63 x 10 34
 (iv) The photocell is then exposed to monochromatic light of wavelength 320 nm.
What is the ammeter reading? Explain your answer.

Ammeter reading is still zero.

c 3 x 108
f 320    9.4 x 1014 Hz
 320 x 10 9
f 320  f o  photoelectron can' t be emitted,so no current flow in the circuit

[10 marks]

(b) In Davidson – Germer experiment, an electron is accelerated from rest through

a potential difference of 2500 V and the diffraction pattern is observed on the
tube screen.

(i) Calculate the de- Broglie wavelength of electron.

h

2m e V
6.63 x 10 34

 
2 9.11 x 10 31 1.6 x 10 19 2500 
11
 2.46 x 10 m

(ii) Calculate the momentum of electron

h

p
h 6.63 x10 34
p   2.7 x 10  23 kg ms 1
 2.46 x 10 11

(iii) If the potential difference is increased up to 3000 V, what happen to the

diffraction pattern? Explain your answer.

Rings of diffraction pattern become narrower. Increasing potential

difference will increase the speed of electron, so its wavelength will be
decreased. So the diffraction pattern becomes narrower.
[5 marks]
8 (a) (i) Define binding energy.

The energy required to separate completely all the nucleons in the

nucleus
 (ii) Calculate the energy needed to remove a neutron from 136C
Given : mass of 126C = 12.000000 u and 136C = 13.003355

m  m13C  mn  m13C
 12  1.008665  13 .003355  5.31 x 10 3 u

E  m c 2

 
 MeV 
 5.31 x 10 3 u  931.5 2 c 2
 c 
= 4.95 𝑀𝑒𝑉

[5 marks]
(b) (i) State two (2) differences between fussion and fission reactions.

Fission Fusion

Splitting a heavy nucleus into two Combines two small nuclei to form a
small nuclei larger nucleus.

It occurs at temperature can be It occurs at very high temperature

controlled. (108 K).

Easier to controlled and sustained. Difficult to controlled and a sustained

controlled reaction has not yet been
achieved.

(ii) Explain the proton-proton cycle that sustain the energy released by the
sun.

The protons undergo a set of fusion reactions, producing isotopes of

hydrogen. Then the protons and the isotopes of hydrogen undergo a set
of fusion reactions, producing isotopes of helium. These isotopes of
helium undergo nuclear reactions which produce helium and protons
and the process is repeating.

(iii) The nuclear reaction is represented by the following fission reaction :

235 89 144
92U + 10 n → 36 Kr + 56 Ba + 3 10 n

Total mass before the reaction is 236.0526 u. Total mass after the
reaction is 235.8373 u. Calculate the energy released in MeV.

Energy released
Q  m c 2  236 .0526  235 .8373  x 931 .5  200 .6 MeV
[6 mark]
(c) The activity of a radioactive source decreases by 5% in 28 hours. Calculate the
half-life of the source.

A  Ao e  t
 A
   t  ln 
95 
ln      (28)
 Ao   100 
ln 0.95

 28
ln 2
T1 
2

ln 2
T1  (28)  378.4 hours.
2
ln 0.95

[4 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPER