Chapter 2

Laplace and Inverse Laplace Transforms

Laplace Transform
is the process of transforming a given function from real time domain to a new function in the
complex frequency domain. Let f(t) be the real time domain of the given function.


L f(t)  F(s)  0 f(t)e  st dt; s  (   j) and j  1

where: f(t) = the original function in the time domain

F(s) = the new function in the complex frequency domain
e-st = kernel of transformation

Laplace Transforms

Example 1
Find the Laplace transform of h(t) = 3etsin5t

L h(t) = L [3etsin5t]
 5 
H(s) = 3  
  s  1  52 
2

15
H(s) 
 s  1  25
2

Example 2
 t  2  3 , t  2;
Find the Laplace transform of h(t) = 2 
0 , t  2.
2 
H(s) = 2 0 dt  2  t  2
3
e  st dt
0 2


  t  2  3 e  st 3  t  2  2 e st 6  t  2  e  st 6e st 
H(s) = 2     4 
 s s2 s3 s 
2
 6e 2s 
H(s) = 2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  4 
 s 

12e2s
H(s) =
s4

-1- 1030
Exercises

Find the Laplace transform of each of the following functions and simplify the result.
2a
1. f(t) = 2(1–e-at) F(s) 
s(s  a)

2. f(t) = 2e-2t(3cos6t – 5sin6t) F(s)  2

 6s  48 
s  4s  40
12
3. f(t) = 2t3e-4t F(s) 
(s  4)4

4. f(t) = 2e3t t
1
2 F(s)  3
(s  3) 2

0 t3 4e3s
5. g(t) = 4   t 3  G(s) 
e t3 (s  1)
   
cos 2  t  3  t  3 s
  se 3
6. g(t) =  G(s)  2
  (s  4)
0 t
 3
0 t5 4e5s
7. g(t) = 2  G(s) 
 t  5 
2
t5 s3
  s  2  s  2  
8. g(t) = 2e2tsin4tsin3t G(s)   
  s  2   1  s  2   49 
2 2

4.5 4.5
9. h(t) = 3e
t
2
sin3t sinh7t H(s)  
(s  6.5)  9 (s  7.5)2  9
2

j2
10. h(t) = e2tsinj2t H(s) 
s  s  4

Product Identities

sin  A  B   sin  A  B 
1. sin A cosB 
2
sin  A  B   sin  A  B 
2. cos A sinB 
2
cos  A  B   cos  A  B 
3. cos A cosB 
2
cos  A  B   cos  A  B 
4. sin A sinB 
2

-2- 1030
 Table of Laplace and Inverse Laplace Transforms
Time Domain Complex Frequency Domain
Functions
f(t) F(s) = L f(t)
Unit Impulse Ø(t) 1
Unit Step   t 1s
(Heaviside)
  t  a e as s
Unit Ramp t 1 s2
n!
Polynomial tn
sn1

t1/2
4s3

t (-1/2)
s
 1
 n 1  (1)(3)(5)....(2n  1)   n 2 
t 2  n  1, 2... s
2n

1
Exponential e  kt
(s  k)
kth Order 
n!
t n e  kt
Exponential (s  k)n1


b
Sine Wave sin bt
s  b2
2

s
Cosine Wave cos bt
s  b2
2

b
sinh bt
s  b2
2

s
cosh bt
s  b2
2


b
Damped Sine Wave e  kt sinbt 
(s  k)2  b2
Damped Cosine  (s  k)
 kt
e cosbt
Wave (s  k)2  b2
 b
e  kt sinhbt 
(s k)2  b2


 (s  k)
e  kt coshbt
(s  k)2  b2
2bs
t sin bt
(s  b2 )2
2

(s2  b2 )
t cos bt
(s2  b2 )2
2b3
sin bt – bt cosbt
(s2  b2 )2

-3- 1030