9

Self-Learning
in
Material
ENGLISH
Quarter 2 – Weeks 5-8 :
ANALYZE LITERATURE AS A
MEANS OF UNDERSTANDING
UNCHANGING VALUES IN THE
VUCA (VOLATILE,UNCERTAIN,
COMPLEX, AMBIGUOUS) WORLD

UNSPOKEN DEFINITES

What Is This Lesson About?

 The world is already changing and uncertain as it is. Now, if you add
the pandemic that is happening and its impact to every aspect of society, the
result is simply overwhelming.
These are the times that you have to dig deep into your
being to maintain your sanity and protect your physical and mental health.
These are the times that you will realize that after all the advancements
made by technology, when the world shuts down, you go back to basics and
learn what is truly important.
In this lesson, you will learn through the selections that
you will study and the activities that you will go through that values remain
even in the volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous world.

OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the Most Essential Learning Competency
(MELC) that you should develop is:
ANALYZING LITERATURE AS A MEANS OF UNDERSTANDING
UNCHANGING VALUES IN THE VUCA (VOLATILE, UNCERTAIN,
COMPLEX, AMBIGUOUS) WORLD.
In order to master the assigned MELC, you must learn to:
• determine the relevance and the truthfulness of the ideas
presented in the material viewed;
• take a stand on critical issues brought up in the material
viewed;
• explain the literary devices used;
• analyze literature as a means of understanding unchanging
values in a changing world;
• analyze literature as a means of valuing other people and
their various circumstances in life;
• analyze literature as a means of connecting to the world;
• relate text content to particular social issues, concerns, or
dispositions in real life; and
• get the different sides of social, moral, and economic issues
affecting the nation.

1
ACTIVATION
Pre-Test
I. Identify which statement is a FACT or OPINION. Write the answer
on another sheet of paper.
___________ 1. According to the swab test, he is positive.
__________ 2. Doctors recently discovered a new disease worse than
COVID-19.
__________ 3. Many people suspect that the pandemic will last a bit
longer.
__________ 4. The old man claims that his land in reclamation area is
sinking.
__________ 5. The report argues with total number of OFW cases who got
infected and died abroad.
II. Fill in the blank with the term to be chosen in word pool to
complete each statement.

Laurel wreath Chain

Dove Crocodile
Red Cross Emblem

6. __________________ symbolize neutrality, impartiality and hope.

7. __________________ attributes to abusive and greedy person.
8. __________________ refers to eternal glory, special achievement,
success and triumph.
9. ___________________ means peace, freedom and democracy.
10. ___________________ means maltreatment, slavery and
suppression
of freedom.

2
 III. Select whether you AGREE or DISAGREE on the ideas presented.
Write your answer on the sheet of paper.
__________ 11. Running away is a solution to problems.
__________ 12. In life, we always get what we deserve at the end.
__________ 13. Having a good home and loving family prevents most of
life’s problems.
__________ 14. The government should give money instead of groceries
to
the people.
__________ 15. Parents should also listen to their children.

IV. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is not.

__________ 16. The poem “Mother to Son” talks about the struggles of
black people in a racist society.
__________ 17. Social media gives more of disadvantages rather than of
advantages to the viewers.
__________ 18. Newspapers now a days are selling like a hot cake.
__________ 19. When there is a high demand of commodities, the price
goes
up.
__________ 20. Technology can bring family and friends together even if
they are far from each other.

Activity 1
Look at the editorial cartoon below. There are two activities you need to
answer after. Write your answer on your sheet of paper.
 3
1. What is this illustration saying?
2. How does it relate to or comment on society or current events?
3. Can you relate to it personally?
4. What is your opinion of its message?
Activity 2:

A. Answer this before reading the input. Write your ideas, opinions,
interpretations about the editorial above.
B. Answer this after reading the input. As you write your observation, be
guided by the tips given to you.
What is the truthfulness of the idea presented by the editorial cartoon?
C. Express your opinion.
What is your stand on the issue of press freedom?
D. Enumerate the literary devices used in the editorial cartoon. Give at least
two and a short explanation.

Thinking Time

How did you find the activities that you have

answered? Can you complete the following

statements?

The activities above made me remember

___________________________________________________________________________
___
___________________________________________________________________________
___
It made me think and realize that
___________________________________________________________________________
___
___________________________________________________________________________
___
I therefore commit to
___________________________________________________________________________
___
___________________________________________________________________________
___

ACQUISITION
According to Nikka Stella Louise from her document
entitled, Determine the relevance and the
truthfulness of the ideas presented, the following are
ways to determine the truth:

 Fallacies
 Fact
 Opinion
 Bias

Fallacies
Types of fallacies are: Ad hominem, appeal to force, appeal to
authority, and appeal to emotion. Fallacy can be either a Fallacy of
Composition or a Fallacy of Division. To fully understand these, study the
following examples:
Types of Falacy Example
Ad hominem (Latin-“against the Someone asks,
man”) – a literary term that involves “How can you argue your case for
commenting on or against an vegetarianism when you are
opponent, to undermine him enjoying that steak?”
instead of his arguments - A person is attacked by that
someone for his enjoying a
steak instead of being
addressed for or against his
argument
- in Filipino, it is called
“pamemersonal”or
“personalan”
Appeal to force – based on the A classmate who is a “friend” of
threat of harm and is not relevant to yours want to get a high score on a
the argument test. So, he asked you to let him see
your answers during the test,
otherwise, you will lose his
friendship.
Appeal to authority – something A commercial claims that a specific
must be true because it is believed online shopping platform gives the
by “someone” who said to be an best deals just like Manny Pacquiao
“authority” on the subject who endorses it.
Appeal to emotion – makes a claim A child who doesn’t want to eat
based on sympathy or emphatic would be told to think of all the
instead of just or logical grounds starving children in the world who
do not have food at all.
Fallacy of Composition – inferring Ramon who is a grade 9 student
that something is true of the whole occupying Bldg. D loves to eat
from the fact that it is true of some “kwek-kwek” during break time so,
part of the whole all grade 9 students at Bldg. D must
love to eat “kwek-kwek”
Fallacy of Division – argues that Mostly Grade 9 students occupying
something that is true for the whole Bldg. D love to eat “kwek-kwek” so,
is also true for the parts of the Ramon who is a grade 9 student at
whole Bldg. D must love to eat “kwek-
kwek”

Facts – a statement that is true and can be verified objectively, or proven.

Opinion – a statement that holds an element of belief; it tells how someone

feels. An opinion is not always true and cannot be proven.

Bias – the tendency of a person to have a positive tendency for something or

a negative tendency against something. Biases can lead to poor judgment,
poor reasoning skills, and faulty decision making because they may close
the person’s mind off to alternative ideas, truths and opinions.
https://www.scibd.com
Take a stand on critical issues brought
up in the material viewed
From https://maybusch.com the
following are the tips on how to make your
stand on an issue:
 1. Get the “lay of the land.” It’s crucial to know where your key
stakeholders (other people) stand on the issue…
2. Link to the common goal…
3. Back it up with data…
4. Create a compelling narrative…
5. Don’t make it personal…
6. Don’t take things personally…
7. Show respect.
Explain the literary devices used – symbolism,
6 exaggeration, labelling,
analogy, irony
The following terminologies are the commonly used literary devices in
editorial cartoon:
SYMBOLISM
According to Janis Espejo on Prezi, the following are examples of
general symbols in editorial cartooning:

Symbols Meaning
Pencil, paper, pen Journalism, freedom, of the press
dove Freedom, peace, democracy
salakot Juan dela Cruz representing the
ordinary Filipino citizen
Chain Suppression of freedom,
maltreatment, and slavery
Kamatayan Danger, bad omen
syringe Cure, death sentence, drug
addiction
crocodile Abusive person of authority

EXAGGERATION
It is to overdo the physical characteristics of people or things in order
to make a point. Facial characteristics and clothing are some of the most
commonly exaggerated characteristics.
LABELLING
Objects or people are often labelled (named) by cartoonists to make it
clear exactly what they stand for.

ANALOGY
An analogy is a comparison between two unlike things that share
some characteristics.

IRONY
Irony is the difference between the ways things are and the way things
should be, or the way things are expected to be.

Go back to Activity 2

Activity 3 Online Source

Visit the page of PIA Bulacan or click the link https://www.pia.gov.ph. On

July 2, 2020, they released a video about MGCQ or Modified General
Community Quarantine. It may not be an editorial cartoon but you will also
see symbols used. Take note of how the message is presented. Write your
stand on the idea presented by the video.
MGCQ
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________
Activity 4: Cartoon
Make your own editorial cartoon about the prevailing quarantine system in
your place.
10 points – the cartoon clearly present a relevant situation
5 points – some parts of the cartoon is not relevant
1 point – the cartoon is out of the topic

Activity 5: Poetry Time

Read the poem and answer the questions below.

A mother has undying love for her

children. Her presence itself deeply affects the
entire life of her little one. Her love is very
important. Every mother would like to see her
child succeed in life. A child who feels love is
most likely to succeed. It is the mother’s love,
care and understanding that enable the child
to overcome many hurdles in his life.

MOTHER TO SON
By Langston Hughes

Well, son I’ll tell you:

Life for me ain’t been no crystal stair
It’s had tacks in it,
And splinters, ‘
And boards torn up,
 And places with no carpet on the floor-
Bare.
But all the time
I’se been a-climbin’on,
And reachin’ landin’s,
And turnin’ corners,
And sometimes goin’ in the dark
Where there ain’t been no light,
So, boy, don’t you turn back.
9 on the steps
Don’t you set down
‘Cause you finds it kinder hard.
Don’t you fall now
For I’se still goin’, honey,
I’se still climbin’,
And life for me ain’t been no crystal stair.

Processing Questions:

1. What did the mother tell her son in the first few lines of the poem?
2. What was the mother’s motivation for sharing her experiences with the
son?
3. What was the mother’s opinion toward her life’s journey?
4. What warning did the mother give her son?
5. What was the mother’s message at the end?

Activity 6: For Mother

Draw or paste a picture of a mother on your paper. Then, write an
acrostic poem about her. Start each line of your poem with the letter on that
line.
M
O
T
H
E
R

10

Activity 7: F.R.I.E.N.D.S.
Read poem below and complete the tasks that follow.

Good friends are vitally important to

your mental health and to the quality of
your life. To live and to love are inseparable
from each other. Friendship is an
opportunity to love, to learn about yourself,
to mature as a human being, and to open
up to the full experience of life.
Developing true friendships may sound
like a lot of work but the joy of experiencing
life with an open heart and sharing it with a
true friend are worth it. Besides, you will
live longer and be in a good company along
the way.

Here is a poem written by Angelica N. Brissett that highlights the

importance of friendship.

FRIENDS FOR LIFE

We are friends
I got your back
You got mine,
 I’ll help you out
Anytime!
To see you hurt
To see you cry
Makes me weep
And wanna die
And if your agree
To never fight
It wouldn’t matter
Who’s wrong or right

11

If a broken heart
Needs a mend
I’ll be right there
Till the end
If your cheeks are wet
From drops of tears
Don’t worry
Let go of your fears
Hand in hand
Love is sent, We’ll be friends
Till the end!!!

A. Complete the graphic organizer based on the poem that you read.
FRIENDSHIP
What is friendship? Why is friendship important?

How do you make a friend? How do you keep a friend?

 B. Describe the differences/ similarities between online and offline
friendships when using social media apps.

ONLINE FRIENDSHIPS SIMILARITIES OFFLINE FRIENDSHIPS

In today’s world we can reach into our pocket, grab our cell phone,
and dial the person we wish to get in contact 12 with and be conversing with
them in seconds. In the present time, this seems like no big deal at all, but
it had to start somewhere. In the early 1800’s this was not the case. In order
to talk to someone, it had to be face to face, or through a letter. In
researching biographies of the inventors of the telephone, it became
apparent that Alexander Graham Bell had the most influence and is credited
the most with the invention of the telephone.

The importance of Alexander Graham

Bell on today’s society is visible, or rather
audible, everywhere. Developments in tone,
dialling, call tracing, music on hold, and
electronic ringers have greatly changed the
telephone. Without the telephone, progress
would have been much slower and people
might not have been so receptive to change.
Mobile technology is not a matter of
radio waves and electronics, but rather human
communication. It is vital for our survival.
Without talking to each other, the inventions of telecommunications would
cease to exist along with society.
Activity 8: Hello!
Look at the pictures above and tell how the telephone has evolved.
A. List down the uses of the telephone and cell phone below.

Uses of Telephone Uses of Cell phone

E.g. calling E.g. texting

13

B. Read carefully the poem “The Telephone” by Edward Field and answer the
questions that follow.

The Telephone
by Edward Field

1 My happiness depends on an electric appliance

2 And I do not mind giving it so much credit
3 With life in the city being what it is
4 Each person separated from friends
5 By a tangle of subways and buses
6 Yes my telephone is my joy
7 It tells me that I am in the world and wanted
8 It rings and I am alerted to love or gossip
9 I go comb my hair which begins to sparkle
10 Without it I was like a bear in a cave
11 Drowsing through a shadowy winter
12 It rings and spring has come
13 I stretch and amble out into the sunshine
14 Hungry again as I pick up the receiver
15 For human voice and the good news of friends

Processing Questions:
1. What is the predominant feeling of the speaker in line 1 and 2? Why does
he feel that way?
2. In lines 3-5, why are friends disconnected?
3. In lines 6-9, how does the speaker justify his joy of having a telephone?

4. Find the answers to these questions in lines 10-12.

a. To what did the speaker compare man’s situation before the advent
of the telephone?

b. What value do people give to the telephone when he has access to

it?
5. In the last three lines, what does the speaker hunger for? Was he able
to connect to the world? Explain your answer.

APPLICATION 14

The COVID-19 Pandemic has altered and

disrupted our customary way of living. Apart from
changing the global educational setup, this pandemic
changed the way we communicate, the way we gather, and even the
way we connect with our friends and families. This pandemic also
exposed which leadership proved to be effective and which leadership
are just all talk. Amidst all these uncertainties happening in the world,
one thing remains constant --- the love and support of your family.
If you are to look at the silver lining of this pandemic, it has
redirected us to the most important element of life: love. Your parents
and guardians have remained steadfast in giving all their best to
support you in these trying times. Now is the moment for you to give
them the response that they deserve.

Activity 9: Global Pandemic

Use
the URL below
to
independently access to the video of the COVID -19 Diaries; The Frontliners
in the internet. Be ready to complete the tasks that follow.
https://youtube.com/watch?v=fWGd9Y8toCk
Medical frontliners have been the unsung heroes amidst the COVID-
19 pandemic. They work round the clock as they risk their own lives to care
for the sick while many others are encouraged to stay home. What is left
unsaid, however, is that they are also real people with families waiting for
them.
As students, how can we encourage everyone to do its part to help
them come home soon?

15
A. Create/Post a status on how you can bring hope and optimism to the
frontliners. Use the #CareForFrontliners

B. Create your own emoticons showing your concern for the

frontliners.

ASSESSMENT
Activity 10: Dear Parent
 Write a letter to your parent/s and tell them how thankful you are for
all the love, efforts and support they have given you. Include all your
realizations about family and love during this quarantine season. Use the
criteria below to guide you in accomplishing this task.

Criteria:
Structure (Parts of the letter must be complete) – 30%
Grammar (Grammatical errors are avoided and corrected) – 30%
Content (Meaningful and details filled) – 40%

16
 REFERENCES

Galang, Geronimo V. et.al, Soaring to Greater Heights

4th Year. Manila: VICARISH PUBLICATION &
TRADING, INC, 2008.

Liveworksheets.com

Festivals.iloveindia.com

A Journey Through Anglo-American Literature Learner’s Material for English

9 pp.73

https://sokogskriv.no/en/reading/argumentation-in-text/

https://examples.yourdictionary.com/common-examples-of-social-
issues.html

https://www.google.com/search?
q=conditionals+in+expressing+arguments&oq=conditionals&aqs=chrome.0.6
9i59j69i57j0l3j69i60l3.5159j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

https://www.englishgrammar.org/capitalization-punctuation-worksheet/

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/conditionals.html
https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-conditional.htm
https://www.grammarly.com/blog/conditional-sentences/
https://www.literacyideas.com/persuasive-essays

https://examples.yourdictionary.com/persuasive-writing-examples.html

https://en.oslcollective.com/english-esl-
worksheet/grammar/conditionals/conditional-dialogue-
and-exercise/109430

https://englishpost.org

https://perfect-english-grammar.com
https://englishsentences.com
17
https://grammar.collinsdictionary.com

Events in Telecommunications History. AT&T archives

https:// benjaminbarber.org/history-of-telephone/

A Journey Through Anglo-American Literature Learner’s Material for English

9 pp.236-239

https://glenora.net/the-value-of-friendship/

http://www.familyfriendspoems.com/poem/poem-about-friends-for
-life#ixzz2uedvw7

Prepared by:

VANESSA R. BELANDO EDITHA P. BULACAN PAULINA M.

ESCONDO
Teacher I Teacher I Teacher I

MA. REGINA J. MALTA MELILUZ C. MAAGMA MARIA ANNA G.

JAVIER
Teacher I Teacher II Teacher I

PAUL ANTHONY B. MENDOZA

Master Teacher II

18