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5.2 An Ammonia Refrigerating Plant Is Working at An Evaporating

This document contains multiple problems involving refrigeration systems. The first problem involves a single-stage ammonia refrigeration system with an evaporating temperature of -30°C and condensing temperature of 37°C. It estimates the power consumption to be 51.76 kW. The second problem compares the power consumption of a two-stage system with flash intercooling (46.38 kW) to the single-stage system. Additional problems involve estimating power consumption, refrigeration capacity, and intermediate pressures for various refrigeration cycle configurations including cascade systems.

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19MEB234 Nihar Agrawal
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2K views16 pages

5.2 An Ammonia Refrigerating Plant Is Working at An Evaporating

This document contains multiple problems involving refrigeration systems. The first problem involves a single-stage ammonia refrigeration system with an evaporating temperature of -30°C and condensing temperature of 37°C. It estimates the power consumption to be 51.76 kW. The second problem compares the power consumption of a two-stage system with flash intercooling (46.38 kW) to the single-stage system. Additional problems involve estimating power consumption, refrigeration capacity, and intermediate pressures for various refrigeration cycle configurations including cascade systems.

Uploaded by

19MEB234 Nihar Agrawal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LADERA, LOUISE GABRIEL G.

ME141-2 / E02

5.2 An ammonia refrigerating plant is working at an evaporating


temperature of – 30°C and a condensing temperature of 37°C.
There is no subcooling of the liquid refrigerant, and the vapor is in the
dry-saturated condition at the inlets to the compressors. The
capacity is 150 kW refrigeration. Estimate the power consumption.
(i) when one-stage is used

DETERMINE PROPERTIES:
H1 = 1422.8 kJ/kg
H2 = 1748 kJ/kg
H3=H4= 375.9 kJ/kg

DETERMINE POWER CONSUMPTION:


Qo=m (h1 – h4)
150 = m (1422.8 – 375.9)
m = 0.1433 kg/s

W = m (h2 – h1)
W = 0.1433(1748 – 1422.8)
W = 51.76 kW – ANSWER
(ii) when two-stage compression with flash intercooling is used,

DETERMINE INTERMEDIATE PRESSURE


Pk = 14.314 bar (@37 C)
Po = 1.1990 bar (@ -30 C)
Pi = sqrt ((14.314) (1.1990) ((37 + 273)/ (-30 + 273)))
Pi = 6.0286 bar (@9.36 C)

DETERMINE PROPERTIES
H1 = 1422.8 kJ/kg
H2 = 1540 kJ/kg
H3 = 1470.99 kJ/kg
H4 = 1680 k/kg
H5 = H6 = 375.9 kJ/kg
H7= H8 = 243.49 kJ/kg
DETERMINE POWER CONSUMPTION
Qo = m1 (h1 – h8)
150 = m1 (1422.8 – 243.49)
m1 = m7 = m2 = 0.1272 kg /s
m3 = 0.1272(1540 – 243.49) / (1470.99 – 375.9)
m3 = m6 = 0.1506 kg/s

W = m1(h2 – h1) + m3 (h4 – h3)


W = 0.1272(1540 – 1422.8) + 0.1506 (1680 – 1470.99)
W = 46.38 kW – ANSWER

(iii) when two-stage compression with flash chamber and liquid


subcooled is used

DETERMINE INTERMEDIATE PRESSURE


Pk = 14.314 bar (@37 C)
Po = 1.1990 bar (@ -30 C)
Pi = sqrt ((14.314) (1.1990) ((37 + 273)/ (-30 + 273)))
Pi = 6.0286 bar (@9.36 C)
DETERMINE PROPERTIES
H1 = 1422.8 kJ/kg
H2 = 1608 kJ/kg
H4 = 1464.05 k/kg
H5 = 1612 kJ/kg
H6 = H7= 375.9 kJ/kg
H8= H9 = 243.49 kJ/kg

Qo = m1 (h1 – h9)
150 = m1 (1422.8 – 210.47)
m1 = m2 = m3 = m8 = m9 = 0.1237 kg/sec

Qhe = m2(h2 – h3)


5 = 0.1237(1608 – h3)
H3 = 1567.58 kJ/kg

m3h3 +m7h7 = m4h4 + m8h8


(0.1237) (1567.58) +m7(375.9) = m4 (1464.05) + (0.1237) (210.47)
m7 = m4 = 0.1543 kg/sec

DETERMINE POWER CONSUMPTION


W = m1(h2 – h1) + m4(h5 – h4)
W = (0.1237) (1608 – 1422.8) + (0.1543) (1612 – 1464.05)
W = 45.74 kW – ANSWER

It is not advisable to use multi-stage compression to produce


refrigeration temperatures below -90 C since the compressor will be
overworked.

5.4 A two-stage R 22 plant with flash intercooler for food freezing has
two 45 mm bore and 40 mm stroke compressors as follows:
LP Compressor: No. of cylinders 6
Rpm 1000
Volumetric efficiency 75%
HP Compressor: No. of cylinder 4
Rpm 800
Volumetric efficiency 69%
Find the refrigerating capacity of the plant when operating at a
condenser temperature of 40°C and an evaporator temperature of
– 40°C. Also, find the inter-stage pressure.

DETERMINE INTERMEDIATE PRESSURE:


Pk = 15.335 bar (@ 40 C)
Po = 1.049 bar (@ -40 C)
Pi = sqrt (15.335) (1.049) ((40 +273)/ (-40 +273)))
Pi = 4.6486 bar

DETERMINE PROPERTIES:
H1 = 388.70 kJ/kg
H2 = 423 kJ/kg
H3 = 404.60 kJ/kg
H4 = 432 kJ/kg
H5 = H6 = 249.08 kJ/kg
H7 = H8 = 197.59 kJ/kg

DETERMINE REFRIGERATING EFFECT:


m = (NvVP)/v1
m = (0.75((π/4) (0.045)2(0.040) (1000rev/min) (6) (1min/60sec)))/
(0.2057 m3/kg)
m = 0.0232 kg/s

Qo = m (h1 – h8)
Qo = 0.0232(388.70 – 197.59)
Qo = 4.43 kW – ANSWER

SAMPLE PROBLE 2
Calculate the power required by the compressor in an ammonia
system which serves a 50 KW and 100 KW evaporator. The system
used one stage compressor with two evaporators operating at 10°C
and 0°C respectively. The condensing temperature is 40°C.

DETERMINE PROPERTIES:
H8 = 1460 kJ/kg
H5 = H6 = 1470 kJ/kg
H2 = 1660 kJ /kg
H3 = H4 = H7 = 390.6 kJ/kg

Qo = m5 (h5-h4)
50 = m5 (1470 – 390.6)
m5=m6 = 0.0463 kg/sec

Qo = m7 (h8-h7)
50 = m7 (1460 – 390.6)
m7=m8 = 0.0935 kg/sec

m1 = m6 + m8
m1 = 0.0463 + 0.0935
m1 = 0.1398 kg/sec

m1h1 = m6h6 +m8h8


(0.1398) (h1) = (0.0463) (1470) + (0.0935) (1460)
H1 = 1463.31 kJ/kg

DETERMINE POWER CONSUMPTION


W = m1(h2 -h1)
W = 0.1398(1660 – 1463.31)
W = 27.50 kW – ANSWER

SAMPLE PROBLEM 4
In an ammonia system one evaporator is to provide 180 KW of
refrigeration at -30°C and another evaporator is to provide 200 KW
at 5°C. The system uses two stage compressions with intercooling.
The condensing temperature is 35°C. (a) Calculate the power
required by the compressors (b) compare the powers of the
compressors when using a vapor compression cycle.
DETERMINE PROPERTIES:
H1 = 1422.8 kJ/kg
H2 = 1630 kJ/kg
H3 = 1466.8 kJ/kg
H4 = 1612 kJ/kg
H5 = H6 = 366.1 kJ/kg
H7 = H8 = 232.2 kJ/kg

A. DETERMINE POWER CONSUMPTION


Qo = m1(h1-h8)
180 = m1 (1422.8 – 223.2)
m1 = 0.1501 kg/sec

m2h2 + m5h5 + E2 = m3h3 + m7h7


(0.1501) (1630) + m5(366.1) + 200 = m3(1466.8) + (0.1501) (223.2)
m3=m5=0.3735 kg/sec

W = m1(h2-h1) +m3(h4-h3)
W = 0.1501(1630-1422.8) + 0.3735(1612 – 1466.8)
W = 82.33 kW – ANSWER
DETERMINE PROPERTIES:
H1 = 1422.8 kJ/kg
H2 = 1752 kJ/kg
H3 = H4 = 366.1 kJ/kg

B. DETERMINE POWER CONSUMPTION


Qo = m1(h1-h8)
180 = m1 (1422.8 – 366.1)
m1=0.1703 kg/s

W = m1(h2-h1)
W = 0.1703(1752−1422.8)
W= 56.06 kW - ANSWER

Therefore, the work or power with two compressor and one


evaporator is greater than a single vapor compression.
ADDITIONAL PROBLEM FROM PPT

Two Compressors & One Evaporator

DETERMINE INTERMEDIATE PRESSURE:


Pk = 11.686 bar (@ 30 C)
Po = 2.9157 bar (@ -10 C)
Pi = sqrt (11.686) (2.9157) ((30 +273)/ (-10 +273)))
Pi = 6.2520 bar (@ 10.5 C)

DETERMINE PROPERTIES:
H1 = 1450 kJ/kg
H2 = 1554 kJ/kg
H4 = 1472 kJ/kg
H5 = 1554 kJ/kg
H6 =H7 = 341.8 kJ/kg
H8 = H9 = 248.85 kJ/kg

DETERMINE POWER CONSUMPTION


Qo = m(h1-h9)
30 = m (1450 – 248.85)
m1 = m2 = m3 = m8 = m9 = 0.0250 kg/sec

Qhe = m1(h2 – h3)


5 = 0.0250 (1554 – h3)
H3 = 1354 kJ/kg

𝑚3 + 𝑚7 = 𝑚4 + 𝑚8
𝑚3ℎ3 + 𝑚7ℎ7 = 𝑚4ℎ4 + 𝑚8ℎ8
(0.0250) (1354) + 𝑚7(341.8) = 𝑚4(1472) + (0.0250) (248.85)
m4 = m7 = 0.0244 kg/sec

W = m1(h2-h1) +m4(h4-h3)
W = 0.0250(1554 - 1450) + 0.0244(1472 - 1354)
W = 5.4792 kW – ANSWER

Single Compressor-Individual Expansion Values (2 Evaporators)

DETERMINE PROPERTIES:
H2 = 1666 kJ/kg
H3 = H4 = H5 = 341.8 kJ/kg
H6 = H8 = 1470 kJ/kg
H7 = 1450 kJ/kg
Qo = m7(h7-h5)
30 = m7 (1450 − 341.8)
m7 = 0.0270

Qo = m6(h6-h4)
20 = m6 (1470 − 341.8)
m6 = m8 = 0.0178 kg/sec

m1 = m7 +m8
m1 = 0.0270 + 0.0178
m1 = 0.0448 kg/sec

m1h1 = m7h7 +m8h8


(0.0448) h1 = (0.0270) (1450) + (0.0178) (1470)
H1 = 1457.95 kJ/kg

DETERMINE POWER CONSUMPTION

W = (m7+m8) (h2-h1)
W = (0.0270 + 0.0178) (1666 – 1457.94)
W = 9.32 kW – ANSWER
2 Evaporators, 2 Compressors & Multiple Expansion Values

DETERMINE PROPERTIES:
H1 = 1470 kJ/kg
H2 = 1559 kJ/kg
H3 = 1450 kJ/kg
H4 = 1659 kJ/kg
H6 = H7 = 341.8 kJ/kg
H8 = H9 = 246.5 kJ/kg

Qo = m3(h3-h9)
30 = m3 (1450 – 246.5)
m3 = m4 = 0.0249 kg/sec

Qo = m2(h1-h7)
20 = m2 (1470 – 341.8)
m1 = m2 = 0.0177 kg/sec

m5 = m4 +m2
m5 = 0.0249 +0.0177
m5 = 0.0426 kg/sec

m5h5 = m2h2 + m4h4


0.0426(h5) = (0.0177) (1559) + (0.0249) (1659)
H5 = 1617.45 kJ/kg

DETERMINE POWER CONSUMPTION


W = m3(h2-h3) +m2(h2-h1)
W = 0.0249(1659 - 1450) + 0.0177(1559 - 1470)
W = 6.78 kW - ANSWER

DETERMINE CONDENSER CAPACITY


Qk = m5(h5 – h6)
Qk = 0.0426(1617.45 – 341.8)
Qk = 54.34 - ANSWER

Cascade System

FOR AMMONIA
DETERMINE PROPERTIES:
H1 = 1461.7 kJ/kg
H2 = 1533 kJ/kg
H3 = H4 = 275.9 kJ/kg

FOR R-22
DETERMINE TEMPERATURE:
To2 = Tk1 = sqrt(To2 – Tk1)
To2 = Tk1 = sqrt((35 + 273) + (0 + 273))
To2 = Tk1 = 290.12
To2 = Tk1 = 16.97 C

DETERMINE PROPERTIES:
H5 = 410 kJ/kg
H6 = 423 kJ/kg
H7 = H8 = 243.11 kJ/kg

DETERMINE POWER CONSUMPTION:


Qo = m1 (h1 – h4)
100 = m1(1461.7 – 279.5)
m1 = 0.0846

m2 +m8 = m3 + m5
m2h2 + m8h8 = m3h3 + m5h5
(0.0846) (1533) + m8(243.11) = (0.0846) (275.9) + m5(410)

W = m1(h2-h1) +m5(h4-h3)
W = 0.0846(1553 – 1461.7) + 0.6534(423 - 410)
W = 14.29 kW - ANSWER

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