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Laboratory 2 - Compression Test: 1. Objectives The Objectives of This Lab Are

This laboratory experiment involves performing compression tests on metal specimens to determine important mechanical properties. Students will use a universal load frame to apply and measure compressive loads. They will record load-displacement data and use it to calculate engineering stress and strain. From the stress-strain curves, students can identify properties like yield strength and modulus of elasticity. Comparing results between specimens may reveal differences in deformation behavior under compression. The objectives are to gain experience with compression testing procedures and analyze material response.

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Meirzhan Yerzhanov
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85 views3 pages

Laboratory 2 - Compression Test: 1. Objectives The Objectives of This Lab Are

This laboratory experiment involves performing compression tests on metal specimens to determine important mechanical properties. Students will use a universal load frame to apply and measure compressive loads. They will record load-displacement data and use it to calculate engineering stress and strain. From the stress-strain curves, students can identify properties like yield strength and modulus of elasticity. Comparing results between specimens may reveal differences in deformation behavior under compression. The objectives are to gain experience with compression testing procedures and analyze material response.

Uploaded by

Meirzhan Yerzhanov
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Laboratory 2 – Compression Test

During the performance of any kind of structure, there is usually some


portion of weight that is affecting this structure’s performance. Therefore, it is very
important for engineers to know what compression strength may be applied to a
material without causing problems in its performance. The compression test lab
provides students with an experience of witnessing important properties of the
material that may be seen during the test. Just as the tensile stress test lab, the
experiment increases students’ overall knowledge of types of deformation.
Compressive testing is important in order to identify the compressive
strength of certain material, and it differs from the tensile strength of the material.
This type of testing includes the elastic limit, which is for materials that obey
Hooke’s law is known as the limit of proportionality, Young Modulus (for tensile
strength also), and compressive strength.
It can be utilized in the design, quality laboratories and in order to determine
the strength of components (automotive and aeronautical control switches,
compression springs, keypads, PVC/ABS pipes and solenoids). Compression
testing ensures the safety of material; thus, manufacturers can be secure that they
were provided with high-quality material with industry standards which can resist
despite the high amount of force applied to their material.

1. Objectives
The objectives of this lab are:
• to perform a compression test on a metal specimen to gain an appreciation of
compressive testing equipment and procedures
• to examine the resulting stress-strain curve to gain an appreciation of the
metal behavior under compression and to identify/calculate the significant
mechanical properties of the metal

2. Apparatus and Materials


• A Tinius Olsen H25KS 25kNm capacity electro-mechanically operated
universal tension/compression load frame will be used to test the tensile
specimens. The applied load on the specimen is determined indirectly from a
tensile load cell.
• A caliper will be used to measure the diameter of the test specimen.
• Tin and lead specimens

3. Experimental Procedure
Engineering stress s is defined by the relationship
(1)
in which F is the instantaneous load applied perpendicular to the specimen cross
section, in units of newtons (N) or pounds force (lbf), and A0 is the original cross-
sectional area before any load is applied (m2 or in.2).
Engineering strain ϵ is equals to
li −l 0 ∆l
ϵ=
l0
=
l0
(2)

In which l0 is the original length before any load is applied and li is the
instantaneous length. Sometimes the quantity li - l0 is denoted as ∆ l and is the
deformation elongation or change in length at some instant, as referenced to the
original length.
• For each test specimen, measure the mean length and the mean diameter,
taking the average of three measurements.
Measurement Measurement Measurement Mean value
1 2 3
Length. mm
Diameter, mm

• Load the test specimen into the load frame.


• After receiving verbal approval from the instructor, turn on the load frame.
• Carefully observe each specimen as it is being deformed.
• After the specimen has failed, carefully observe the general features of the
fracture surface of the specimen.
• Measure the mean diameter at the point of fracture.
Measurement Measurement Measurement Mean value
1 2 3
Diameter, mm

4. Analysis of the Results


• With the displacement/load test data, use Excel to calculate stress/strain
values (1).
• Use Excel to create the appropriate stress-strain curves (2).
• Determine the yield strength (3) of the material.
• Calculate the modulus of elasticity (4) for each specimen.
• Calculate the percent reduction of length (5).
• Calculate the percent increase of area (6).
Be sure to include equations, values used, and units in your calculation work.
Mark your values on the load-displacement/stress-strain diagram.

5. Discussion
Discuss the differences between compression and tension tests. What are the
limitations of compression test?
What are modes of deformation in compression testing? Describe them.
Why is Young’s Modulus important? Does Young’s Modulus value depend on
load direction for any given material?

6. Lab report grading scheme


Introduction about the tension test — 0.5-page max 5%
Description of the used equipment — 0.5-page max 5%
Results (measurements of the length, diameters, load-displacement values) 5%
Results analysis (4 points per each property calculated) 35%
Discussion (4 points per each property discussed) 40%
Conclusion about the tension test — 0.5-page max 5%
Formatting, appropriate language, overall neatness 5%
Plagiarism -100%

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