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Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 3:
Arithmetic Means, Nth Term,
and Sum of Arithmetic Sequence

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Mathematics – Grade 10

Quarter 1 – Module 3: Arithmetic Means, Nth Term, and Sum of Arithmetic Sequence

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Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Jane C. Villareal

Editors: Salvacion B. Felices
Jon Jon R. Monte
Shiela L. Guevara
Noel A. Lozano
Alfie T. Gascon
Jinky A. Villareal
Reviewer: Jinky A. Villareal
Illustrator: Ryan B.Cerillo
Layout Artist: Anthony C. Vista

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 Lesson
ARITHMETIC MEANS, NTH TERM AND
SUM OF TERMS OF ARITHMETIC
SEQUENCE

You want to know?

Start this module by relating and connecting previously learned
mathematical concepts to this new lesson, the arithmetic means, nth term and sum
of terms of arithmetic sequence. As you go through this lesson, think of this
important question: How are you going to determine the arithmetic means, nth term
and sum of terms of arithmetic sequence? To find the answer, perform each
activity. If you find any difficulty in answering the exercises, seek the assistance of
your teacher or peers or refer to the modules you have gone over earlier.

The important skills that you will learn in this lesson are:
determining the arithmetic means, the nth term and the sum of the
terms of an arithmetic sequence.

But before you continue, take

note of these…

In Mathematics, the arithmetic mean or simply

the mean or average when the context is clear, is the sum of a collection
of numbers divided by the count of numbers in the collection. [1]
An arithmetic sequence is a string of numbers where each number
is the previous number plus a constant, called the common difference.
To find the common difference we take any pair of successive numbers,
and we subtract the first from the second. Formulas are to be introduced
as you go on with this module.

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 PRE-TEST

Let’s check first your

prior knowledge of the
lesson…

Direction: Read each item carefully then choose the letter of your answer among the
options. Write only the letter on your answer sheet.

1. If three arithmetic means are inserted between -15 and 9, find the first of these
arithmetic means.

A. 3 B. -3 C. -6 D. -9

2. What is the next number? 0 4 8 12 ______

A. 16 B. 18 C. 20 D. 24

3. What is the 6th term of the arithmetic sequence 4, 7, 10, 13, …?

A. 25 B. 21 C. 19 D. 16

4. Find the 20th term of the arithmetic sequence 17, 13, 9, …

A. -59 B. -55 C. -51 D.-49

5. What is the sum of all even integers between 9 and 27?

A. 144 B. 162 C. 170 D. 180

Hi! How did you find the test?

Don’t worry if you got a low score, this just means
that there are more things that you can learn from
this module. So, take it easy. Math is fun…

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 LEARNING ACTIVITIES

You will know the different formulas being used in determining

the arithmetic means, the nth term and the sum of the terms of an
arithmetic sequence.

The Arithmetic Means

What is an Arithmetic Means?

When three numbers a, A and b are in a sequence., then A is called the arithmetic
mean of the numbers 'a' and 'b'.

Given that, a, A , b is in a sequence, then their common difference will be constant.

A - a = d and b - A = d
∴A-a=b-A
2A = a + b
𝑎+𝑏
∴A=
2
𝑎+𝑏
Thus the required arithmetic mean (A.M) of two numbers 'a' and 'b' is 2

Example 1
Insert three arithmetic means between 8 and 26.

Solution:

Let three arithmetic numbers inserted will be A1, A2 and A3 between 8 and 26.
∴ 8, A1, A2, A3, 26 are in a sequence.
Then a = 8 and 𝑎𝑛 = 26 and n = 5
∴ 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
𝑎𝑛 = 8 + (5 − 1)𝑑
26 = 8 + (4)𝑑
18 = (4)𝑑
4.5 = 𝑑

A1 = a + d = 8 + 4.5 = 12.5
A2= 12.5 + 4.5 = 17
A3= 17 + 4.5 = 21.5
Thus the three arithmetic means between 8 and 26 are 12.5, 17 and 21.5.

Try this…

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 Insert five arithmetic means between 23 and 65.

Were you able to get the arithmetic means between the given two numbers?
Easy, right?
In the next activity, you will be introduced to a certain formula in determining
the nth term of arithmetic sequence. Here you go!

Nth Term of Arithmetic Sequence

Given an arithmetic sequence with the first term (a1) and the common difference (d) ,
the nth term is given by 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑

Example 1

Find the 27th term of the arithmetic sequence 5, 8, 11, 14,...

a1=5
d=3

Solution:
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
𝑎27 = 5 + (27 − 1)3
𝑎27 = 5 + (26)3
𝑎27 = 5 + 78
𝑎27 = 83

Example 2

Determine the 40th term of the arithmetic sequence in which a8=60 and a12=48.

Solution:
Use the formula in determining the nth term of an arithmetic sequence
a8 = 60; a12 = 48; a40 =?

Substitute 60 for a8 and 48 for a12 in the formula 𝒂𝒏 = 𝒂𝟏 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅 to obtain a system
of linear equations in terms of a1 and d.
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
𝑎8 = 𝑎1 + (8 − 1)𝑑
60 = 𝑎1 + (8 − 1)𝑑
𝟔𝟎 = 𝒂𝟏 + 𝟕𝒅
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
𝑎12 = 𝑎1 + (12 − 1)𝑑
48 = 𝑎1 + (12 − 1)𝑑

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 𝟒𝟖 = 𝒂𝟏 + 𝟏𝟏𝒅

Subtract the second equation from the first equation and solve for d.
60 = 𝑎1 + 7𝑑
−(48 = 𝑎1 + 11𝑑)
12 = −4𝑑
12 −4𝑑
=
−4 −4
𝒅 = −𝟑
Then,
60 = 𝑎1 + 7𝑑
60 = 𝑎1 + 7(−3)
60 = 𝑎1 − 21
𝑎1 = 60 + 21
𝒂𝟏 = 𝟖𝟏
Now use the formula to solve for the 40 th term.

𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
𝑎40 = 81 + (40 − 1) − 3
𝑎40 = 81 + (39) − 3
𝑎40 = 81 − 117
𝒂𝟒𝟎 = 𝟑𝟔

Try this…

1. Find the 32nd term of the arithmetic sequence 67, 75, 83, 91,...
2. Determine the 13th term of the arithmetic sequence in which a7= 15
and a10= 33

I hope you got the correct answers to the given activity. You seem to be ready
for our next subtopic.
In the next activity, you will get to know one mathematician who made a
contribution in the world of Mathematics.

Derivation of the formula for Sum of Terms of Arithmetic Sequence

A famous story provides that this was the problem given by an elementary
school teacher to a famous mathematician to keep him busy. Do you know
that he was able to get the sum within seconds only? Can you beat that?
His name was Karl Friedrich Gauss (1777-1885). Do you know how he
did it? Let the students find out by doing the next activity.

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What is 1+2+3+…+50+51+…+98+99+100?
➢ What is the sum of each of the pairs 1 and 100, 2 and
99, 3 and 98…, 50 and 51?
➢ How many pairs are there in #1?
➢ From your answers in #1 and #2, how do you get the
sum of the integers from 1 to 100?
➢ What is the sum of the integers from 1 to 100?
Answers:
➢ 101
➢ 50
➢ 50 times 101
➢ 50 x 101 = 5, 050

Here is the derivation of the formula for the sum of n terms of an

arithmetic sequence
Denote the sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic sequence,
a1 + a2 + a3 + … + an
by Sn
Rewrite the sum in reverse order, that is,
Sn = an + an-1 + an-2 + … + a1,
Rewriting the two equations above using their preceding terms and the
difference d, we have

Equation 1: Sn = a1 + (a1 + d) + (a1 + 2d) +…[a1 + (n-1)d]

Equation 2: Sn = an + (an - d) + (an - 2d) +…[a1 - (n-1)d]

Adding equation 1 and 2, we get

2Sn = (a1 + an) + (a1 + an) + (a1 + an) +…+ (a1 + an)
Since there are n terms of the form a 1 + an, then
2Sn = n(a1 + an)
Dividing both sides by 2, we have
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = (𝑎1 + 𝑎𝑛 )
2
Now, since we know that an = a1 + (n-1)d, then by substitution, we have
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎1 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

To find the sum of an arithmetic sequence, we can use

𝒏
𝑺𝒏 = 𝟐 (𝒂𝟏 + 𝒂𝒏 )
or
𝒏
𝑺𝒏 = [𝟐𝒂𝟏 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅]
𝟐

Sum of Terms of Arithmetic Sequence Using the Two Formulas

Example 1
𝒏
Using the formula 𝑺𝒏 = 𝟐 (𝒂𝟏 + 𝒂𝒏 ), find the sum of the first 20 terms of the
arithmetic sequence 9, 15, 21, 27, …

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 Solution:
To get 𝑎10 ,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
𝑎20 = 9 + (20 − 1)6
𝑎20 = 9 + (19)6
𝑎20 = 9 + 114
𝒂𝟐𝟎 = 𝟏𝟐𝟑

To find 𝑆10 ,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = (𝑎 + 𝑎𝑛 )
2 1
20
𝑆20 = (9 + 123)
2
20
𝑆20 = (132)
2
2,640
𝑆20 =
2
𝑺𝟐𝟎 = 𝟏, 𝟑𝟐𝟎
𝒏
Using the formula 𝑺𝒏 = 𝟐 [𝟐𝒂𝟏 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅], find the sum of the first 20
terms of the arithmetic sequence 9, 15, 21, 27, …
Solution:
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎1 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
20
𝑆20 = [2(9) + (20 − 1)6]
2
𝑺𝟐𝟎 = 𝟏, 𝟑𝟐𝟎

Sum of terms of Arithmetic Sequence Given a Statement

Example 1
Integers from 1 to 10
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10

Solution:
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎1 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
10
𝑆10 = [2(1) + (10 − 1)1]
2
𝑆10 = 55

Example 2

Odd integers from 1 to 25

1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25

Solution:

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 𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎1 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
13
𝑆13 = [2(1) + (13 − 1)2]
2
𝑆10 = 169
1. Even integers between 1 and 27
2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28

Try this…

1. Find the sum of the first 15 terms of the arithmetic sequence 31, 40, 49,
58, …
2. Find the sum of the numbers between 7 and 82 that are multiples of 3.

Congratulations, you have finished the first part of

this module! Now, it’s time to answer the next tasks to
enhance your understanding about arithmetic means,
nth term and sum of terms of arithmetic means. Do it
now!

PRACTICE EXERCISES

A. Show me...

Direction: Determine the arithmetic means between the given numbers.

Arithmetic Sequence Arithmetic Means

1. 2, __, __, __, 10
2. 3, __, __, 24
3. -5, __, __, 16
4. 7, __, __, __, -9
5. 13, __, __, 40

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 B. What am I?

Direction: Determine the nth term of the arithmetic sequence given the values of other
terms.
1. a5=41; a11=83; a18=?
2. a7=23; a10=11; a15=?
3. a5=38; a11=56; a94=?
4. a6=23; a23=-113; a100=?
5. a32=-314; a67=-704; a78=?

C. Sum it up!

Direction: Find the sum of the terms of each arithmetic sequence below.
1. 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24
2. 2, -1, -4, -7, -10
3. 14, 20, 26, 32, 38, 44, 50

Great job ! You

got it right!
Now, please proceed
to the succeeding
activity.

POST TEST

Instruction: Read each item carefully then choose the letter of your answer among the options.
Write only the letter on your answer sheet.

1. If three arithmetic means are inserted between -11 and-31, find the first of
these arithmetic means.

A. -16 B.-32 C. -6 D. -15

2. What is the next number? 19 27 35 43 ______

A. 49 B. 51 C. 55 D. 60

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 3. What is the 7th term of the arithmetic sequence 4, 7, 10, 13, …?

A. 25 B. 21 C. 22 D. 16

4. Find the 10th term of the arithmetic sequence 17, 13, 9, …

A. -59 B. -55 C. -51 D.53

5. What is the sum of all even integers between 5 and 29?

A. 190 B. 204 C. 178 D. 240

ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES

Solve and answer the following questions. Refer to the figure at the right side to answer
the following questions.

You are accounting your savings to know how much you have saved within a duration of time.

1. What arithmetic sequence is formed from the figure?

2. How will you solve for the sum of the arithmetic sequenced
formed?
3. What is the sum of the arithmetic sequence formed?

Inside the gymnasium are people falling in line for the relief operation
during the typhoon. In the first row are 6 people, in the second row are
22 people, and in the third row are 38 people. If there are 59 rows, how
many people are falling in line for the relief goods?

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 ANSWER KEY

Pre-Test
1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B

Practice Exercises
A. Show Me…

Arithmetic Sequence Arithmetic Means

1. 2, __, __, __, 10 4, 6, 8

2. 3, __, __, 24 10, 17

3. -5, __, __, 16 2, 9

4. 7, __, __, __, -9 3, -1, -5

5. 13, __, __, 40 22, 31

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 B. What am I?
1. a1=41; d=5; a18= 126
2. a1=23; d=11; a15=177
3. a5=38; a11=56; a20= 83
4. a6=25; a12= 73; a25=177
5. a32=-16; a41=-43; a45=-55

C. Sum it up!
1. 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 84
2. 2, -1, -4, -7, -10 -20
3. 14, 20, 26, 32, 38, 44, 50 224

Post Test
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B

BIBLIOGRAHY

. Reference
Mathematics Learner’s Module for Grade 10 (DepEd)

B. Website Links as References and Sources of Learning Activities

1
Jacobs, Harold R. (1994). Mathematics: A Human Endeavor (Third ed.). W. H. Freeman.
p. 547. ISBN 0-7167-2426-X.
2
https://www.ask-math.com/what-is-an-arithmetic-means.html
3
https://ph.images.search.yahoo.com/yhs/search;_ylt=AwrwJU3yntheOXYAvBEGIYp
Q;_ylu=X3oDMTBsZ29xY3ZzBHNlYwNzZWFyY2gEc2xrA2J1dHRvbg--
;_ylc=X1MDMTM1MTIyOTcwMgRfcgMyBGFjdG4DY2xrBGNzcmNwdmlkA0dKMlBY
akV3TGpKLjB6NTZYZHRIRWdCME5Ea3VNUUFBQUFEZld0dDIEZnIDeWhzLUxrcn
ktbmV3dGFiBGZyMgNzYS1ncARncHJpZAM2NG8xYXJwbVRCaVI0SF9nZ2NIdjhB
BG5fc3VnZwMyBG9yaWdpbgNwaC5pbWFnZXMuc2VhcmNoLnlhaG9vLmNvbQRw
b3MDMARwcXN0cgMEcHFzdHJsAwRxc3RybAMyNwRxdWVyeQNwcm9ibGVtJTIw
c29sdmluZyUyMHJ1YnJpY3MEdF9zdG1wAzE1OTEyNTQ4MjI-
?p=problem+solving+rubrics&fr=yhs-Lkry-newtab&fr2=sb-top-
ph.images.search&ei=UTF-8&n=60&x=wrt&type=YHS_SECO_57224&hsimp=yhs-
newtab&hspart=Lkry&param1=mT_jUMaVWyQJaIeXyBsOLEUDOEbnHQ1yPDndV8
HWjfE4KifcG-
DJtwBOYGVjgdaFc8PdeYsmnkLr0JXyHJOkRWnbRg9Ll8NGsDN4gM1IUN-
pDKLQ8iMXa16ppBi2YHAv_EbOBrlMK6Md-7uThKqsYO5OPFH39-
zruwICDelDlebxcBhf3FzxoO-Pb3lvMVpoSt-tZJnpiv-pq7J069mRymIF0h6bkvL-

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3MSLomB7NSfsAzMHOwmzTNE-i7ATCz3vhEsViF9Hw2DCn4yQrb7keyxh5-
7QQsLpofINc7DzJyaffQMfZRI2w7eYQH5CSR6U8gclbpVgpzLyk3jBTSWKQUhSwA
aIZ8n0_o-
Oehcnjq3mPdrR9x2nK4E%2C#id=62&iurl=https%3A%2F%2Fecdn.teacherspayteac
hers.com%2Fthumbitem%2FMath-Problem-Solving-Rubric-3617842-
1517136708%2Foriginal-3617842-1.jpg&action=click

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