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Chemistry Practical VIVA Question XII

This document provides information about various concepts related to salt analysis and volumetric analysis in chemistry. It discusses tests to identify different cations and anions in salts. It also describes concepts like standard solutions, titration reactions of potassium permanganate with oxalic acid and Mohr's salt, and factors affecting titration like use of indicators and heating. Key principles of salt analysis include use of characteristic tests and reactions to identify ions in a salt based on their properties.

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17K views3 pages

Chemistry Practical VIVA Question XII

This document provides information about various concepts related to salt analysis and volumetric analysis in chemistry. It discusses tests to identify different cations and anions in salts. It also describes concepts like standard solutions, titration reactions of potassium permanganate with oxalic acid and Mohr's salt, and factors affecting titration like use of indicators and heating. Key principles of salt analysis include use of characteristic tests and reactions to identify ions in a salt based on their properties.

Uploaded by

Amaan Ali khan
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© © All Rights Reserved
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VIVA QUESTION-Chemistry (XII)

Salt Analysis Based


1. Blue lake test is used for the confirmation of which cation? Aluminium (Al 3+) Third Group.
2. Which reagent is used to confirm ammonium ion(NH4+)(not a metal cation) in a salt? Nesseler Reagent
K2[HgI4]Potassium tetraiodomercurate(II)
3. Name the gas other than CO2 which turns lime water milky.SO2 which form calcium sulphite?
4. When conc. H2SO4 is added to a salt, violet vapours indicate which anion? Iodide (I -)
5. What is the group reagent for 2, 4 and 5 group cations? H2S for 2 and 4 and ammonium carbonate for 5
group.
6. What is the formula and name of the brown ring formed for the test of nitrate ion? [Fe(NO)(H 2O)5]SO4.
7. Presence of which anion is confirmed by chromyl chloride test? Chloride (Cl -)
8. What is the formula of product formed when excess of CO2 is passed from lime water? Ca(HCO3)2.Cal.
Bicarbonate.
9. What is the principle of salt analysis for cation group test? It is the common ion effect which say that
the suppression of the degree of ionisation of a weak electrolyte (weak acid and weak base) by the
addition of some strong electrolyte having a common ion.
10. H2S is used in both group 2 and 4. Then why group 4 cations do not interfere in detection of group 2?
Due to the difference in the solubility product of both the cations.
11. Are the groups in cation analysis same as the groups of modern periodic table? No they are different.
12. What is flame test? The change of colour of the flame when the salt is burnt on it due to the excitation
of electron from ground to exited state.Ca2+(brick red), Sr2+ (crimson red), Ba2+ (Apply green), Cu2+
(Bluish green), Mn2+(green flashes).
13. What are acidic and basic radicals? The positive charge carrying ions are basic while negative charge
ions are acidic.
14. What is the role of HNO3 in Group 3? It for the removal of Excess H2S gas used in the second group.
15. Why we add NH4Cl before NH4OH in group 3.For the common ion formation which precipitate out the
aluminum or iron.
16. Cu(Blue), Fe(Reddish Brown), Co(Blue), Ni(Green)and Mn(Pink) are coloured. Due unpaired electron
and its excitation
17. What is group reagent and name all the group reagent? Zero NH4+(No reagent), First (Pb2+) (Dil. HCl),
Second (Cu2+, As3+) (H2S in dil HCl), Third (Fe3+, Al3+) (NH4OH in NH4Cl), fourth(Ni2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Co2+) (H2S
in NH4OH), Fifth (Ba2+, Sr2+, Ca2+)((NH4)2CO3 in NH4OH), Sixth (Mg2+) (No reagent)
18. What is the formula of Pot. Ferro cyanide and Prussian blue? K 4[Fe(CN)6] and Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3 (for iron
test)
19. What is DMG? It is Di-Methylglyoxime used for the detection of Ni 2+ ion in fourth group as red ppt.
20. What is sodium extract or soda extract? It is the boiled and filtered solution of salt with excess with
sodium bicarbonate.
21. Name the acid formed by reaction of HCl with sodium nitrate. It wil be nitric acid.
22. NO2 and Br2 both are brown in colour. How will you distinguished between them? By passing through
FeSO4 solution.NO2 turns FeSO4 solution black while Br2 has no effect.
23. Why is silver nitrate solution stored in dark colored bottles? Silver chloride gets decomposed when
exposed to light.
24. What is aqua regia? Aqua regia is mixture of conc. HNO3 and conc. HCl in ratio 1:3.What is the formula
of chromyl chloride? CrO2Cl2.
25. Na2CO3 cannot be used in place of (NH4)3CO3 in the group V. Explain why? Na2CO3 Is highly ionized
electrolyte, which produces very high conc. Of CO32- ions. As a result the ionic product of MgCO3 may
exceed its Ksp and it may get precipitated along with the radicals of group V.

Titration Based:
1. What is primary and secondary standard solutions: A standard solution is prepared by dissolving a
definite weight of substance in solvent to prepare a definite volume of solution. Eg. Oxalic acid, Mohr’s
salt, Pot. Dichromate. Substances whose standard solutions cannot be prepared directly are called
secondary standards. Eg. Pot. Permanganate,NaOH.
2. How much Mohr’s salt is required to prepare 100 mL of M/10 solution. Used desired formula of
molarity.
3. Can we add dil HNO3 for acidification while titrating KMnO4 with Mohr’s salt. No it can’t be used due to
high oxidizing nature which interfere in the titration process.
4. What is the Formula, molar mass, equivalent mass of Pot. Permanganate , Mohr’s salt(Ferrous
Ammonium sulphate) and Oxalic acid. KMnO4(158 u and 31.6), (NH4)2SO4.FeSO4.6H2O.(392 u and 392)
C2H2O4.2H2O(126u and 63)
5. What is the least count of burette? It is 0.1 ml.
6. Which one would you prefer for measuring 10 mL oxalic acid solution, pipette or measuring cylinder?
Why? It will be pipette which have more accuracy than measuring cylinder.
7. Which indicator is used in titration of KMnO4 with oxalic and Mohr’s salt? KMnO4 is a self-indicator
which get decolorized.
8. Write the balance chemical equation of reaction of KMnO4 with oxalic and Mohr’s salt in acidic
medium.
2MnO4- + 16H+ + 5C2O42- 2Mn2+ + 8H2O + 10 CO2
2MnO4- + 8H+ + 5Fe2+ 2Mn2+ + 4H2O + 5Fe3+
9. Why Dil Sulphuric acid is used while preparing the standard solution of Mohr’s salt? To prevent
hydrolysis of mohr’s salt
10. What is the used of heating and Dil. Sulphuric acid in titration of oxalic acid. To increase the rate of
reaction and to expel out the CO2 gas which slow down the rate of reaction.
11. What is rinsing? Why titration flask should not be rinsed? Rinsing is a process of washing the burette by
the same chemical like KMnO4 to remove the water or any other impurities. Conical should not be
rinsed because it will alter the concentration of chemical used I it like Mohr’s or oxalic solution.
12. Give a brief introduction of your project? Why do you think that the topic of your project is significant?
13. What conclusion would you draw after investigating on your project topics.
14. Mention any one important finding of your project.
15. Why KMnO4 have intense pink colour even though it has no unpaired electron? It is due to electron
shift from oxygen to the d orbital of manganese.
16. What is the formula and units of molarity and strength? Molarity is no of mole per litre having unit of
mol/Lt and strength is the measure of the power concentration that is molarity multiple with molar
mass having unit of gram/lt.
17. What is end point? Point at which the reaction between the two solution just completed with equal
moles.
18. What is the minimum and maximum weight in weight box? Min is 1 gm and max. is 100 gm
19. What is the minimum and maximum weight in fraction weight box? Min is 0.01 gm and max is 500 mg
i.e 0.5 gm.
20. What is the weight of rider and what is it use. It weight is 0.01 gm and it is used to weigh less than 10
mg i.e upto 0.001 decimal place.
21. What is the formula for law of equivalent: M1V1/n1 = M2V2/n2.
22. What is back titration? Use of few drop of titrating flask solution to confirm the end point.
23. What is the relation between Normality and Molarity? Normality x Equivalent mass = Molarity x Molar
mass.
24. What type of titration is Volumetric analysis? It is the measurement of molarity and strength of
unknown solution by using the known solution molarity and strength.
25. What is titration? The process of adding one solution from the burette to another in the conical flask in
order to just complete the chemical reaction involved, is known as titration.
26. Why the last drop of solution must not be blown out of a pipette? Since the drops left in the jet end is
extra of the volume measured by the pipette.
27. Sometimes a brown ppt. is observed in KMnO4 titration. Why? It is due to insufficient quantity of dil.
Sulphuric acid. Brown coloured ppt. (MnO2.H2O) is formed due to the incomplete oxidation of KMnO4.
28. Why should you heat the oxalic acid solution to about 60-70 ºC before titrating with KMnO 4 solution?
In cold the reaction is very slow due to the slow formation of Mn 2+ ions. Oxalic acid is heated to speed
up the liberation of Mn2+ ions which then autocatalysis the reaction and thus the reaction proceeds
rapidly. This also serves the purpose of expelling the CO 2 evolved during the reaction which otherwise
does not allow the reaction to go to completion.

1.

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