A318/A319/A320/A321: Flight Crew Operating Manual
A318/A319/A320/A321: Flight Crew Operating Manual
FLIGHT CREW
OPERATING MANUAL
The content of this document is the property of Airbus. It is supplied in confidence and commercial
security on its contents must be maintained. It must not be used for any purpose other than that for
which it is supplied, nor may information contained in it be disclosed to unauthorized persons. It must
not be reproduced in whole or in part without permission in writing from the owners of the copyright.
© AIRBUS 2005. All rights reserved.
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This is the FLIGHT CREW OPERATING MANUAL major event publication at issue date 11 APR 14
for the A318/A319/A320/A321 and replacing last issue dated 06 MAR 14
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Localization Insert
Remove
Subsection Title Rev. Date
PLP-LEOEB
ALL 11 APR 14
LIST OF EFFECTIVE OPERATIONS ENGINEERING BULLETIN
PLP-LESS
ALL 11 APR 14
LIST OF EFFECTIVE SECTIONS/SUBSECTIONS
OEB-PLP-LEDU
ALL 11 APR 14
LIST OF EFFECTIVE DOCUMENTARY UNITS
OEB-38-PLP-TOC
ALL 11 APR 14
TABLE OF CONTENTS
OEB-38-PLP-SOH
ALL 11 APR 14
SUMMARY OF HIGHLIGHTS
OEB-38
ALL 11 APR 14
Erroneous Radio Altimeter Height Indication
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PRELIMINARY PAGES
Intentionally left blank
PRELIMINARY PAGES
LIST OF EFFECTIVE OPERATIONS ENGINEERING BULLETIN
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(1)
M Localization Subsection Title Rev. Date
R PLP-LEOEB LIST OF EFFECTIVE OPERATIONS ENGINEERING BULLETIN 11 APR 14
R PLP-LESS LIST OF EFFECTIVE SECTIONS/SUBSECTIONS 11 APR 14
GEN-PLP-LETDU LIST OF EFFECTIVE TEMPORARY DOCUMENTARY UNITS 31 OCT 12
GEN General Information 06 MAR 14
DSC-PLP-LETDU LIST OF EFFECTIVE TEMPORARY DOCUMENTARY UNITS 31 OCT 12
DSC-20-10 Introduction 29 JUL 11
DSC-20-20 General Arrangement 11 DEC 13
DSC-21-10-10 General 30 MAY 12
DSC-21-10-20 Main Components 30 MAY 12
DSC-21-10-30 Temperature and Flow Regulation 29 JUL 11
DSC-21-10-40 System Operation under Failure Condition 29 JUL 11
DSC-21-10-50 Controls and Indicators 11 DEC 13
DSC-21-10-60 Warnings and Cautions 11 DEC 13
DSC-21-10-70 Electrical Supply 29 JUL 11
DSC-21-20-10 General 29 JUL 11
DSC-21-20-20 Main Components 25 NOV 11
DSC-21-20-30 System Operation 11 DEC 13
DSC-21-20-40 Controls and Indicators 11 DEC 13
DSC-21-20-50 Warnings and Cautions 15 FEB 13
DSC-21-20-60 Electrical Supply 29 JUL 11
DSC-21-30-10 General 29 JUL 11
DSC-21-30-20 Avionics Ventilation 15 FEB 13
DSC-21-30-40 Battery Ventilation 29 JUL 11
DSC-21-30-50 Lavatory and Galley Ventilation 15 FEB 13
DSC-21-30-60 Controls and Indicators 11 DEC 13
DSC-21-30-70 Warnings and Cautions 29 JUL 11
DSC-21-30-80 Electrical Supply 29 JUL 11
DSC-21-40-10 General 30 MAY 12
DSC-21-40-20 System Operation 29 JUL 11
DSC-21-40-30 Controls and Indicators 11 DEC 13
DSC-21-40-35 ECAM Cond Page 30 MAY 12
DSC-21-40-40 Warnings and Cautions 29 JUL 11
DSC-21-40-50 Electrical Supply 29 JUL 11
DSC-22_10-10 Description 11 DEC 13
DSC-22_10-20 System Interface Diagram 15 FEB 13
DSC-22_10-30 FMGS Modes of Operation 15 FEB 13
DSC-22_10-40-05 Management of the Displays 29 JUL 11
DSC-22_10-40-10 MCDU 15 FEB 13
DSC-22_10-40-20 FCU 30 MAY 12
DSC-22_10-40-30 Thrust Levers 30 MAY 12
Continued on the following page
This table gives, for each delivered aircraft, the cross reference between:
- The Manufacturing Serial Number (MSN).
- The Fleet Serial Number (FSN) of the aircraft as known by AIRBUS S.A.S.
- The registration number of the aircraft as known by AIRBUS S.A.S.
- The aircraft model.
(1)
M MSN FSN Registration Number Model
9761 18-CMHE 320-214
(1) Evolution code : N=New, R=Revised
(1)
M MODIFICATION Linked SB Incorp. Date Title
J0006 29 JUL 11 FUEL- INSTALL A CENTRE TANK SYSTEM-
Applicable to: ALL
J0012 29 JUL 11 LIGHTS - NAVIGATION LIGHTS - INSTALL A SECOND
NAVIGATION LIGHT SYSTEM -
Applicable to: ALL
J0071 29 JUL 11 WINGS-WING TIP FENCES-INTRODUCE WING TIPS
INCLUDING FENCES-
Applicable to: ALL
J0513 25 NOV 11 ICE AND RAIN PROTECTION - WING ICE
PROTECTION - ETOPS CIRCUIT BREAKERS 1DL AND
2DL - TRANSFER POWER SUPPLY.
Applicable to: ALL
J0664 29 JUL 11 FUEL - IMPROVE LOW LEVEL WARNING
Applicable to: ALL
J0689 29 JUL 11 WINGS - REMOVE LEADING EDGE VENTILATION
SYSTEM
Applicable to: ALL
J1255 29 JUL 11 FUEL - TANK LEVEL SENSING - INTRODUCE
MODIFIED LOW FUEL PRESSURE WARNING
CONTROL
Applicable to: ALL
J1334 29 JUL 11 LANDING GEAR-MLG-LGCIU-INTRODUCTION OF
STANDARD UNIT P/N A4C
Applicable to: ALL
J1617 29 JUL 11 FLIGHT CONTROLS-GENERAL- DELETION OF L.A.F.
FEATURE FROM A320 A/C (SERIAL SOLUTION)
Applicable to: ALL
J2190 29 JUL 11 FUEL - MAIN FUEL PUMP SYSTEM - ADAPT PUMP
CONTROL LATCH FOR FLIGHT DECK REFUEL
CAPABILITY
Applicable to: ALL
J2257 29 JUL 11 FUEL-MANUAL (MAGNETIC) INDICATORS- DELETE
ATTIDUDE MONITOR
Applicable to: ALL
J2360 29 JUL 11 FUEL - QUANTITY INDICATION - INTRODUCE FUEL
LEAK DETECTION
Applicable to: ALL
J2361 29 JUL 11 FUEL-QUANTITY INDICATION-REMOVE FUEL LEAK
DETECTION FUNCTION ASSOCIATED WITH FQIC
13-9 (ANTI-MOD FOR MOD 32650)
Applicable to: ALL
Continued on the following page
GENERAL INFORMATION
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GENERAL INFORMATION
PRELIMINARY PAGES
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The purpose of the Main FCOM Changes is to provide operators with general information about the
most significant changes that are introduced in the current revision of the manual.
The main FCOM changes are available on the Airbus World portal, under the Flight Operations
Community channel - Flight Operations Manuals - Main FCOM / FCTM / MMEL changes.
In addition, every revised Documentary Unit (DU) has a revision highlight (HL) that:
‐ Indicates the change(s) made to the DU
‐ Can be found in the associated “Preliminary Pages – Summary of Highlights” subchapter.
In addition to the Main FCOM Changes, the Modification Operational Impact (MOI) documents
available on the Airbus World portal (Flight Operations community channel - Operational Material -
Modification Operational Impact MOI) provide the operational impact linked to a MOD number.
FCOM PURPOSE
FCOM PURPOSE
The Flight Crew Operating Manual (FCOM) is the support documentation for flight crews. It
provides them with the necessary information about the operational, technical, procedural,
and performance characteristics of the Single Aisle aircraft family, to ensure safe and efficient
operations of the aircraft during normal and abnormal/emergency situations, that may occur on
ground, or in flight.
The manual is not designed to provide basic jet aircraft piloting techniques, or information, that are
considered as basic airmanship for trained flight crews that are familiar with that type of aircraft
and with its general handling characteristics.
The FCOM is intended to be used:
‐ Directly as flight crew operating manual or to provide operators with a basis for their
development of a customized airline operations manual, in accordance with applicable
requirements
‐ As a comprehensive reference guide during initial and refresher flight crew training.
Practical and training-oriented information is addressed in the Flight Crew Training Manual
(FCTM).Refer to FCTM/OP-10 Introduction . Moreover, the FCOM is not intended to be used for
teaching basic piloting skills.
The Flight Crew Operating Manual complements the approved Airplane Flight Manual (AFM).
If the data contained in this manual differs from the data in the AFM, the AFM remains the
reference.
For any questions or comments related to this manual, the Operator’s Flight Operations
Management may contact the Airbus Flight Operations & Training support department.
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FCOM CONTENTS
The contents of the FCOM are organized in the following six parts:
‐ System Descriptions (DSC, organized by ATA)
‐ Procedures
PRO ABN : Abnormal/Emergency
PRO NOR SOP : Normal
PRO NOR SRP : System Related
PRO SPO : Special Operations
PRO SUP : Supplementary
‐ Limitations (LIM)
‐ Performance (PER, organized by phase of flight)
‐ Operations Engineering Bulletins (OEB)
‐ Flight Crew Bulletins (FCB).
DOCUMENTARY UNITS
The FCOM is made of Documentary Units (DU). The DU is the smallest part of information with a
technical content.
The DUs are listed on a separate "List of Effective Documentary Units" (LEDU). Refer to the
General section.
Note: 1. DUs can be grouped into Group of DU (GDU)
2. Temporary information may be provided via Temporary DU (TDU).
IDENTIFICATION STRIP
Below the title of the DU, the identification strip provides:
‐ The list of MSN the DU is applicable to
‐ For TDU, the reference to the DU impacted by the TDU.
The List of Effective Sections/Subsections (LESS) summarizes all the sections and subsections
contained in the FCOM. For each revision, a new LESS is issued when at least one DU of the
section/subsection is changed.
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Refer to OEB-GEN Cross Reference Between the Former and New OEB Identifications
For each revision, a new List of Effective Documentary Units (LEDU) is issued at the section level.
The LEDU provides information about the DU localization, applicability, identification and issue date.
The LEDU consists of:
‐ The "M" field that may provide the following Evolution Code:
• The "N" letter indicates a new DU introduced by the revision
• The "R" letter indicates a revised DU: The content of the DU is updated by the revision. A
vertical line in the margin of the DU locates the modified part
• The "E" letter indicates an aircraft validity change for the DU: The list of MSNs for which the DU
is effective has been changed compared to the previous LEDU, by addition or deletion of one or
several MSN
‐ The “Localization” field that allows localizing the DU in the manual with the product structure of the
manual
‐ The "T" field (Temporary Information) that contains a cross if the associated DU is a TDU
‐ The "DU title" that provides the title of the DU
‐ The “DU identification” that identifies the DU with its own unique identification number or the GDU
with its own unique code.
‐ The “DU date” that indicates when the DU has been released
‐ The DU criteria which lists the technical or operational criteria for which the DU and solution is
applicable to.
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‐ The “Applicable to” which provides the list of aircraft this DU and solution is applicable to
‐ The “Impacted by TDU” which is the identification of the TDU superseding the DU
The List of Effective Temporary Documentary Units (LETDU) provides a summary of the Temporary
DU impacting the section.
The LETDU consists of:
‐ The "M" field that may provide the following Evolution Code:
• The "N" letter indicates a new TDU introduced by the revision
• The "R" letter indicates a revised TDU: The content of the TDU is updated by the revision. A
vertical line in the margin of the TDU locates the modified part
• The "E" letter indicates an aircraft validity change for the TDU: The list of MSNs the TDU is
applicable to has been changed compared to the previous LETDU, by addition or deletion of
one or several MSN
‐ The “Localization” field that allows localizing the TDU in the manual with the product structure of
the manual
‐ The “TDU Title” that provides the title of the TDU
‐ The “TDU identification” that identifies the TDU with its identification number with its own unique
code
‐ The “TDU date” that indicates when the TDU has been released
‐ The TDU criteria which lists the technical or operational criteria, the it is applicable to
‐ The “Applicable to” which provides the list of aircraft this TDU is applicable to
‐ The “Impacted DU” which is the Identification of DU superseded by the TDU
‐ The “Reason for issue” of the TDU
Note: 1. TDU is displayed on a yellow background
2. within the QRH the TDU replaces the impacted DU
The Aircraft Allocation Table (AAT) provides a view of the fleet covered in the FCOM. For each
aircraft, the AAT provides its MSN, its registration number and the model.
The List of Modifications (LOM) lists the criteria (Modification Proposal (MP) or Service Bulletins
(SB)) which the installation on the aircraft affects the FCOM.
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Note: Each MP has one or more associated MODs. The MP/MOD correlation is available in
AirN@v / Engineering.
The LOM also indicates:
‐ The title of the criteria
‐ The date of incorporation of the criteria in the FCOM
‐ The list of aircraft that have the criteria
‐ The "M" field that may indicate the following evolution code
‐ The "E" letter indicates an aircraft validity change of the criteria. The list of aircraft to which the
criteria applies has changed compared to the previous FCOM revision, by addition or deletion of
one or several aircraft.
‐ The "N" letter indicates new criteria added by this FCOM revision
‐ The "R" letter indicates a change in the criteria title or associated SB
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To take the above-noted objectives into account, the FCOM is organized in three layers as follows:
‐ Layer 1: "Need to know"
Layer 1 presents information that is necessary in the cockpit.
‐ Layer 2: "Nice to know"
Layer 2 presents information that is used as a reference, in order to fully understand the logic of
the aircraft and pilot interfaces.
‐ Layer 3: Detailed information
Layer 3 provides more detailed explanations, that are not necessarily needed in flight.
Note: For paper only, the following examples show the visual characteristics of each kind of
layer
EXAMPLE
‐ Text in layer 1
Layer 1 is the default layer. No symbology when not following layer 2 or layer 3
information.
L2 EXAMPLE
‐ Text in layer 2
L3 EXAMPLE
‐ Text in layer 3
L1 EXAMPLE
‐ Text in layer 1 (as this text follows a text in layer 2 or 3, symbology "L1")
OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT
The legend (if installed) indicates that a paragraph or a schematic is applicable only if the
related equipment is installed.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Each TOC entry has an alphabetical index that identifies this TOC entry within its subsection. The
manual user can easily find a TOC entry content within the manual thanks to this alphabetical
index and the subsection identification. Both are indicated in the TOC and both cross-refer to the
paper page footer (see the TOC indexing part below).
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1. Airline logo
2. Aircraft types and manual
3. Level 2 chapter (PSL level 2 : GEN, DSC, PRO, LIM, OEB, FCB, PER)
4. Level 3 chapter
5. Level 4 chapter
6. Revision mark
7. Key product (document identification and aircraft designation)
8. Key product (manual code)
9. Page index
10. Last evolution date
11. Identification strip (list of impacted aircraft)
12. PSL path
REVISION MARK
In the paper format, a vertical bar in the margin of the DU identifies the modified part. Each
vertical bar has a numerical index that refers to the associated reason of the change in the
Summary of Highlight.
This Summary of Highlight lists all the changes and associated reasons of the change (if
necessary) that the revision has introduced.
TOC INDEXING
In the paper page footer, the TOC indexing is of the following type:
A : The paper page contains the whole "A" TOC entry content
A to B : The paper page contains the whole "A" and "B" TOC entries contents
A→ : The "A" TOC entry content starts on this paper page and continues on
the following paper page
←A : The "A" TOC entry content starts on a previous paper page and finishes
on this paper page
←A→ : The "A" TOC entry content starts on a previous paper page and
continues on the following paper page
A to C→ : The paper page contains the whole "A" and "B" TOC entries contents
but the "C" TOC entry content starts on this paper page and continues
on the following paper page
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← A to C : The paper page contains the whole "B" and "C" TOC entries contents
but the "A" TOC entry content starts on a previous paper page and
finishes on this paper page
← A to C → : The paper page contains the whole "B" TOC entry content but the "A"
TOC entry content starts on a previous paper page and finishes on this
paper page and the "C" TOC entry content starts on this paper page and
continues on the following paper page
Note: 1. The indexes follow the alphabetical order: A, B, C, ..., Z, AA, AB, AC, ..., AZ, BA,
BB, BC, ...
2. For each subsection, the index starts again from A.
3. When a TOC entry content continues on the following paper page, the text
"Continued on the following page" is also indicated.
FCOM REVISIONS
FCOM REVISION
FCOM revisions are issued to add, update, or revise information. The Operator determines the
revision periodicity.
When necessary, a revision may be issued in between the defined periodicity (e.g. need for urgent
update).
A vertical bar appears to the left of all revised parts of the manual.
TEMPORARY INFORMATION
Some FCOM sections may need a temporary update (e.g. to explain a system behavior that will
be modified by a future standard). In such cases, the applicable FCOM section is updated with a
Temporary Documentary Unit (TDU).
Information contained in the TDU is highlighted in the manual and the initial content of the FCOM
remains available for consultation and comparison and is highlighted (identification strip) as being
impacted by the TDU.
A List of Effective Documentary Units (LEDU) is provided in the FCOM
OPERATIONS ENGINEERING BULLETINS
Operations Engineering Bulletins (OEB) are issued, when it is necessary, to rapidly transmit
technical and procedural information.
The OEB chapter provides a list of all applicable OEBs.
FLIGHT CREW BULLETINS
Flight Crew Bulletins (FCB) are issued, when it is necessary, to transmit complementary technical
or operational information.
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ABBREVIATIONS
A
Abbreviation Term
A>B A is greater than B
A≥B A is greater than or equal to B
A<B A is less than B
A≤B A is less than or equal to B
A/BRK Autobrake
A/C Aircraft
A/P Autopilot
AP Autopilot
A/S Airspeed
A/SKID Anti-skid
A/THR Auto Thrust
AA Airworthiness Authorities
AB Abort
ABCU Alternate Braking Control Unit
ABN Abnormal
ABV Above
AC Alternating Current
ACARS ARINC Communication Addressing and Reporting System
ACAS Airbrone Collision Avoidance System
ACCEL Acceleration
ACC Active Clearance Control
ACCU Accumulator
ACP Audio Control Panel
ACSC Air Conditioning System Controller
ACT Additional Center Tank
ADF Automatic Direction Finder
ADIRS Air Data Inertial Reference System
ADIRU Air Data Inertial Reference Unit
ADM Air Data Module
ADR Air Data Reference
ADS-B Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast
ADV Advisory
AEVC Avionic Equipment Ventilation Controller
AFM Airplane Flight Manual
AFS Auto Flight System
Continued on the following page
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B
Abbreviation Term
B/C Back Course
BARO Barometric
BAT Battery
BCL Battery Charge Limiter
BCDS Bite Centralized Data System
BCU Backup Control Unit
BDDV Brake Dual Distribution Valve
BITE Built-In Test Equipment
BIU BITE Interface Unit
BFE Buyer Furnished Equipment
BFO Beat Frequency Oscillator
BMC Bleed Monitoring Computer
BNR Binary
BRG Bearing
BRK Brake
BRT Bright
BSCU Braking Steering Control Unit
BTC Bus Tie Contactor
BTL Bottle
BUS Busbar
C
Abbreviation Term
C/B Circuit Breaker
CB Circuit Breaker
C/L Checklist
CL Checklist
CAB Cabin
CAPT Captain, Capture
CAS Calibrated Airspeed
CAT Category
CBMS Circuit Breaker Monitoring System
CCD Cursor Control Device
CDL Configuration Deviation List
CDLS Cockpit Door Locking System
CDSS Cockpit Door Surveillance System
CDU Control Display Unit
CF Cost of Fuel
CFDIU Centralized Fault Display Interface Unit
Continued on the following page
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D
Abbreviation Term
DA Drift Angle
DAC Digital to Analog Converter
DAR Digital AIDS Recorder
DC Direct Current
DCDU Datalink Control and Display Unit
DCL Digital Cabin Logbook
DDRMI Digital Distance and Radio Magnetic Indicator
DECEL Deceleration
DES Descent
DEST Destination
DET Detection, Detector
DFA Delayed Flap Approach
DFDR Digital Flight Data Recorder
DH Decision Height
DIR Direction
DIR TO Direct To
DISC Disconnect
DISCH Discharge
DIST Distance
DITS Digital Information Transfer System
DIV Diverter
DMC Display Management Computer
DME Distance Measuring Equipment
DMU Data Management Unit (Aids)
DN Down
DSDL Dedicated Serial Data Link
DTG Distance To Go
DTO Derated Takeoff
DU Display Unit
DU Documentary Unit
E
Abbreviation Term
EWD Engine/Warning Display
ECAM Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitoring
ECAS Emergency Cockpit Alerting System
ECB Electronic Control Box (APU)
ECM Engine Condition Monitoring
ECON Economic
Continued on the following page
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F
Abbreviation Term
F Fuel
FAA Federal Aviation Administration
FAP Forward Attendant Panel
F/C Flight Crew
F/O First Officer
FO First Officer
FAC Flight Augmentation Computer
FADEC Full Authority Digital Engine Control System
FAF Final Approach Fix
FAP Forward Attendant Panel
FAR Federal Aviation Regulations
FAV Fan Air Valve
FCDC Flight Control Data Concentrator
FCMS Fuel Control and Monitoring System
FCOM Flight Crew Operating Manual
FCU Flight Control Unit
FD Flight Director
FDIMU Flight Data Interface and Management Unit
FDIU Flight Data Interface Unit
FDU Fire Detection Unit
FEP Final End Point
FF Fuel Flow
FG Flight Guidance
FGC Flight Guidance Computer
F-G/S FLS Glide Slope
FIDS Fault Isolation and Detection System
FL Flight Level
FLHV Fuel Lower Heating Value
F-LOC FLS Localizer
FLP Flap
FLS FMS Landing System
FLT Flight
F/CTL Flight Control
FLT CTL Flight Control
FLXTO Flexible Takeoff
FM Flight Management
FMA Flight Mode Annunciator
FMGC Flight Management and Guidance Computer
FMGS Flight Management and Guidance System
Continued on the following page
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G
Abbreviation Term
G/S Glideslope
GA Go-Around
GAPCU Ground and Auxiliary Power Control Unit
GBAS Ground Based Augmentation System
GCU Generator Control Unit
GDU Group of Documentary Unit
GEN Generator
GES Ground Earth Station
GLC Generator Line Contactor
GLS GBAS Landing System
GLS GNSS Landing System
GMT Greenwich Mean Time
GND Ground
GND TEMP Ground Temperature
GPCU Ground Power Control Unit
GPIRS Global Positioning and Inertial Reference System
GPS Global Positioning System
GPWS Ground Proximity Warning System
GRND Ground
Continued on the following page
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H
Abbreviation Term
HC Harness Connector
HCU Hydraulic Control Unit
HDG Heading
HDG/S Heading Selected
HDL Handle
HF High Frequency
HI High
HLD Hold
HM Holding Pattern with a Manual Termination
HMU Hydrau-Mechanical Unit
HMS Heat Management System
HP High Pressure
HPA Hectopascal
HPV High Pressure Valve
HUD Head Up Display
HYD Hydraulic
I
Abbreviation Term
I/O Inputs/Outputs
I/P Input or Intercept Profile
IAF Initial Approach Fix
IAS Indicated Airspeed
IATA International Air Transport Association
ICAO International Air Transport Organization
IDENT Identification
IDG Integrated Drive Generator
IFE In Flight Entertainment
IFR Instrument Flight Rules
IGGS Inert Gas Generation System
IGN Ignition
ILS Instrument Landing System
IM Inner Marker
Continued on the following page
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J
Abbreviation Term
K
Abbreviation Term
L
Abbreviation Term
L/G Landing Gear
LAF Load Alleviation Function
LAT Latitude
LAT REV Lateral Revision
LAV Lavatory
LCD Liquid Crystal Display
LCN Load Classification Number
Landing Distance Available
LDA
Localizer Directional Aid
LDG Landing
LDS Laptop Docking Station
Continued on the following page
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M
Abbreviation Term
MABH Minimum Approach Break-off Height
MAC Mean Aerodynamic Chord
MAG Magnetic
MAG DEC Magnetic Declination
MAG VAR Magnetic Variation
MAINT Maintenance
MAN Manual
MAP Missed Approach Point
MAX Maximum
MAX CLB Maximum Climb
MAX DES Maximum Descent
Continued on the following page
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N
Abbreviation Term
N/A Not Applicable
NA Not Applicable
N1 Low Pressure Rotor Speed (in %)
N2 High Pressure Rotor Speed (in %)
NACA National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics
Continued on the following page
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O
Abbreviation Term
O/P Output
OANS On-board Airport Navigation System
OAT Outside Air Temperature
OBRM On Board Replaceable Module
OEB Operations Engineering Bulletin
OFF/R Off Reset
OFST Offset
OIS Onboard Information System
OIT Onboard Information Terminal
OM Outer Marker
OP Open
OPP Opposite
OPS Operations
OPT Optimum
OUTB Outbound
OUTR Outer
OVBD Overboard
OVHD Overhead
OVHT Overheat
OVRD Override
OVSPD Overspeed
OXY Oxygen
P
Abbreviation Term
P/N Part Number
PN Part Number
PA Passenger Address
Continued on the following page
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Q
Abbreviation Term
QAR Quick Access Recorder
QFE Field Elevation Atmosphere Pressure
QFU Runway Heading
QNE Sea Level Standard Atmosphere Pressure (1013 hPa)
QNH Sea Level Atmosphere Pressure
QRH Quick Reference Handbook
QT Quart (US)
QTY Quantity
R
Abbreviation Term
R/I Radio/Inertial
RA Radio Altimeter
RA Resolution Advisory
RACC Rotor Active Clearance Control
RAD Radio
RAIM Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring
RAT Ram Air Turbine
RATC Remote ATC Box
RCDR Recorder
RCL Recall
RCVR Receiver
REAC Reactive
REC Recommended
RED Reduction
REG Regulation
REL Release
REV Reverse
RH Right-Hand
RLSK Right Line Select Key
RMI Radio Magnetic Indicator
RMP Radio Management Panel
RNAV Area Navigation
RNG Range
RNP Required Navigation Performance
ROP Runway Overrun Protection
ROPS Runway Overrun Prevention System
ROW Runway Overrun Warning
RPCU Residual Pressure Control Unit
Continued on the following page
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW
OPERATING MANUAL
S
Abbreviation Term
S South
S/C Step Climb
S/D Step Descent
S/D Shut Down
S/F Slats/Flaps
S/N Serial Number
SN Serial Number
SAAAR Special Aircrew and Aircraft Authorization Required
SAT Static Air Temperature
SATCOM Satellite Communication
SC Single Chime
SCP Software Control Panel
SD System Display
SDAC System Data Acquisition Concentrator
SDCU Smoke Detection Control Unit
SDF Simplified Directional Facility
SEC Spoiler Elevator Computer
SEL Selector
SFCC Slat/Flap Control Computer
SFE Seller-Furnished Equipment
SID Standard Instrument Departure
SIM Simulation
SLT Slat
SPD Speed
SPD LIM Speed Limit
SPLR Spoiler
Continued on the following page
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW
OPERATING MANUAL
T
Abbreviation Term
T.O Takeoff
T/O Takeoff
TO Takeoff
T/C Top of Climb
T/D Top of Descent
TA Traffic Advisory
TAC Taxiing Aid Camera
TACAN Tactical Air Navigation
TACT Tactical
TAS True Air Speed
TAT Total Air Temperature
TAU Time to intercept
TBC To Be Confirmed
TBD To Be Determined
TCAS Traffic Collision Alert System or Threat-Analysis/Collision Avoidance System
TDU Temporary Documentary Unit
TEMP Temperature
TFTS Terrestrial Flight Telephon System
TGT Target
THR Thrust
THS Trimmable Horizontal Stabilizer
TK Tank
TK Track angle
TKE Track Angle Error
TLA Throttle Lever Angle
Continued on the following page
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW
OPERATING MANUAL
U
Abbreviation Term
UFD Unit Fault Data
ULB Underwater Locator Beacon
UNLK Unlock
UP Up, Upper
UTC Universal Coordinated Time
V
Abbreviation Term
V/S Vertical Speed
V1 Decision Speed
V2 Takeoff Safety Speed
VAPP Approach Speed
VBV Variable Bypass Valve
VC Calibrated airspeed
VDEV Vertical Deviation
VEL Velocity
VERT Vertical
VERT REV Vertical Revisor
VFE Maximum Speed for each Flap configuration
Continued on the following page
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW
OPERATING MANUAL
W
Abbreviation Term
WARN Warning
WBC Weight and Balance Computer
WBS Weight and Balance System
WGD Windshield Guidance Display
WHC Window Heat Computer
WNDW Window
WPT Waypoint
WSHLD Windshield
WT Weight
WTB Wing Tip Brake
WXR Weather Radar
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW
OPERATING MANUAL
X
Abbreviation Term
XBLD Crossbleed
XCVR Transceiver
XFR Transfer
XMTR Transmitter
XPDR Transponder
XTK Crosstrack Error
Y
Abbreviation Term
Z
Abbreviation Term
ZFCG Zero Fuel Center of Gravity
ZFW Zero Fuel Weight
ZFWCG Zero Fuel Weight Center of Gravity field
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW
OPERATING MANUAL
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
Intentionally left blank
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
PRELIMINARY PAGES
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
DSC-23 Communications
DSC-24 Electrical
DSC-25 Equipment
DSC-28 Fuel
DSC-29 Hydraulic
DSC-33 Lights
DSC-34 Navigation
Continued on the following page
DSC-36 Pneumatic
DSC-49 APU
DSC-52 Doors
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
Intentionally left blank
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
DSC-20-10 Introduction
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
Engines.................................................................................................................................................................... B
Cockpit..................................................................................................................................................................... C
Cabin........................................................................................................................................................................D
Cargo........................................................................................................................................................................E
GENERAL
ENGINES
The aircraft has two high bypass turbofan engines mounted under the wings.
COCKPIT
The cockpit is designed for a two-member crew. It also has a place for 2 observers.
CABIN
The passenger seating layout may vary, depending on operating requirements. The certified
maximum is 180 seats.
CARGO
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
This subchapter gives the principal aircraft dimensions, location of unpressurized areas, antennas,
ground service connections, and ground maneuvering characteristics.
PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS
UNPRESSURIZED COMPARTMENTS
ANTENNA LOCATIONS
GROUND MANEUVERING
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
DSC-21-30 Ventilation
DSC-21-30-10 General
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
Continued on the following page
DSC-21-40 Cargo
DSC-21-40-10 General
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
Schematic.................................................................................................................................................................B
GENERAL
ARCHITECTURE
The two packs operate automatically and independently of each other. Pack operation is controlled
by air conditioning system controller signals.
Warm pre-conditioned bleed air enters the cooling path via the pack flow control valve, and is ducted
to the primary heat exchanger.
Then, the cooled bleed air enters the compressor section of the air-cycle machine and is compressed
to a higher pressure and temperature.
It is cooled again in the main heat exchanger and enters the turbine section, where it expands and, in
expanding, generates power to drive the compressor and cooling air fan.
The removal of energy during this process reduces air temperature, resulting in very low air
temperature at turbine discharge.
L3 A water separator system dries the air before it enters the turbine section.
RAM AIR
An emergency ram air inlet ventilates the cockpit and cabin to remove smoke, or if both packs fail.
The emergency ram air inlet valve is controlled by the RAM AIR pushbutton on the AIR COND panel.
This pushbutton opens the ram air valve, provided that ditching is not selected.
When the RAM AIR pushbutton is ON : The outflow valve opens about 50 %, provided that it is under
automatic control and ΔP is less than 1 PSI. The outflow valve does not automatically open if it is
under manual control, even if ΔP is less than 1 PSI. If ΔP is greater than 1 PSI, the check valve
located downstream the ram air door will not open, even if the ram air door has been selected open.
No airflow will then be supplied.
MIXER UNIT
This unit mixes cold fresh air from the packs with the cabin air being recirculated through
recirculation fans. The mixer unit is also connected to the emergency ram air inlet and the low
pressure ground inlets.
In the absence of air, a spring keeps the valve closed. This pneumatically-operated and
electrically-controlled valve regulates hot air pressure, which is tapped upstream of the packs. The
air conditioning system controller 1 regulates this valve. This valve closes upon pressing the HOT
AIR pushbutton on the AIR COND panel, or when both lanes of one air conditioning system controller
fail.
The valve closes automatically, if:
‐ The duct overheats, or
‐ The cockpit trim air valve fails, or
‐ Both cabin trim air valves fail.
The hot-air pressure-regulating valve remains operative, even if either the forward or aft cabin trim air
valve fails.
These valves are electrically-controlled by the air conditioning system controllers. The cockpit trim air
valve, controlled by the air conditioning system controller 1, and the cabin trim air valves, controlled
by the air conditioning system controller 2, adjust the temperature by adding hot air.
GENERAL
Temperature regulation is automatic and controlled by the air conditioning system controllers.
PACK CONTROLLER
Each pack controller regulates the temperature of its associated pack, in accordance with a demand
signal from the zone controller, by modulating the bypass valve and the ram air inlet flaps.
The ram air inlet flaps close during takeoff and landing to avoid ingestion of foreign matter.
Note: During takeoff, the ram air inlet flaps close when TO power is set and the main landing gear
struts are compressed.
During landing they close as soon as the main landing gear struts are compressed, as long
as speed is at or above 70 kt.
They open 20 s after the speed drops below 70 kt.
The pack controllers also regulate flow by modulating the associated pack flow control valve.
TEMPERATURE REGULATION
The air conditioning system controller 2 regulates the temperature of the two cabin zones, and the air
conditioning system controller 1 regulates, the cockpit temperature.
BASIC TEMPERATURE REGULATION
The flight crew uses the temperature selectors on the cockpit’s air conditioning panel to select
the reference temperatures which are fine tuned through the Forward Attendant Panel (FAP) for
the cabin zones. The air conditioning system controllers compute a temperature demand from the
selected temperature and the actual temperature.
The actual temperature is measured by sensors:
‐ In the cockpit, for the cockpit zone;
‐ In the lavatory extraction circuit and galley ventilation system, for the cabin.
A signal corresponding to the lowest demanded zone temperature goes to the air conditioning
system controllers, which then make both packs produce the required outlet temperature.
OPTIMIZED TEMPERATURE REGULATION
The air conditioning system controllers optimize temperature by acting on the trim air valves.
The temperature selection range is from 18 °C (64 °F) to 30 °C (86 °F).
Each air conditioning system controller regulates the temperature of its associated pack, by
modulating the bypass valve and the ram air inlet flap.
The ram air inlet flap closes during takeoff and landing to avoid the ingestion of foreign matter.
Note: During takeoff, the ram air inlet flap closes when takeoff power is set, and the main landing
gear struts are compressed.
During landing, it closes as soon as the main landing gear struts are compressed, as long
as speed is at or above 70 kt.
It opens 20 s after the speed drops below 70 kt.
The air conditioning system controllers also regulate flow by modulating the associated pack flow
control valve.
PACK FLOW CONTROL
The crew can use the PACK FLOW selector to adjust the pack flow for the number of passengers
and for external conditions.
Whatever the crew selects, the system delivers higher flow for any of the following circumstances:
‐ In single-pack operation,
‐ When the APU is supplying bleed air.
The system delivers normal flow if the crew selects LO flow and the temperature demand cannot
be satisfied.
ENGINE PRESSURE DEMAND
When the cooling demand in one zone cannot be satisfied, if the bleed pressure is too low, the
air conditioning system controller sends a pressure demand signal to both Engine Interface
Units (EIU) to increase the minimum idle and to raise the bleed pressure.
APU FLOW DEMAND
When the APU bleed valve is open, the air conditioning system controller signals the APU's
Electronic Control Box (ECB) to increase the APU flow output when any zone temperature
demand cannot be satisfied.
GENERAL
Each controller is comprised of two lanes. One lane controls the system, the other takes over full
control, in case of an active lane failure.
If the Air Cycle Machine (ACM) fails (compressor/turbine seizure), the affected pack may be operated
in heat exchanger cooling mode.
Warm pre-conditioned bleed air enters the cooling path via the pack valve and goes to the primary
heat exchanger. Then, the main part of the cooled air goes directly downstream of ACM turbine
through the bypass valve, and the rest goes through the failed ACM.
The ACM seizure reduces the pack flow.
As for normal pack operation :
‐ The air conditioning system controller regulates temperature by modulating the bypass valve and
the ram air inlet flap.
‐ The air conditioning system controller regulates the hot air flow through the trim air valves to
optimize cockpit/cabin temperature regulation. Hot air flow is lower than in normal pack operation,
because pack flow is reduced.
FLT
E/WD : FAILURE TITLE AURAL MASTER SD PAGE LOCAL
PHASE
conditions WARNING LIGHT CALLED WARNING
INHIB
PACK 1 ( or 2) OVHT
Pack compressor outlet temperature above 260 °C.
PACK 1 (or 2) FAULT
PACK
Pack valve disagree with selected position, or pack 3, 4, 5, 7, 8
FAULT lt
valve closed. BLEED
PACK 1 + 2 FAULT
Loss of ACSC 1 and ACSC 2.
PACK 1 (2) OFF 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
SINGLE MASTER NIL
Pack pb at OFF with no failure. 7, 8, 9, 10
CHIME CAUT
CKPT (FWD CAB OR AFT CAB) DUCT OVHT
Duct temperature above 88 °C or above 80 °C four
times during one flight. HOT AIR
HOT AIR FAULT FAULT lt
COND
Hot air pressure regulating valve disagrees with
selected position.
3, 4, 5, 7, 8
L + R CAB FAN FAULT
Both fan failure.
PACK 1 (2) REGUL FAULT
Failure of the By Pass Valve, or the RAM Air Inlet,
BLEED
or the Compressor Outlet Temperature sensor or
the Flow Control Valve.
NIL 3, 4, 5,
LAV + GALLEY FAN FAULT
NIL NIL 7, 8, 9
TRIM AIR SYS FAULT
One trim air valve fault, or overpressure NIL 3, 4, 5, 7, 8
downstream hot air valve.
COND CTL 1 (2) - A (B) FAULT
3, 4, 5, 7, 8
The lane A (B) of ACSC 1 (2) fails.
MEMO DISPLAY
RAM AIR ON appears in green if the ram air pushbutton switch is ON.
GENERAL
AUTOMATIC OPERATION
The flight crew monitors the operation of the system, but does nothing to control it. Air pressure in
the cabin follows external schedules that the system receives as signals from the Flight Management
and Guidance System (FMGS).
When FMGS data is not available for automatic pressurization, the crew only needs to select the
landing field elevation.
The pressurization system then uses the manually-selected landing field elevation for internal
schedules.
MANUAL OPERATION
In manual mode, the flight crew controls the cabin altitude via the manual motor of the outflow valves,
by operating controls on the pressurization control panel.
SCHEMATICS
Two identical, independent, digital controllers automatically control the system, by maintaining the
proper cabin pressure. They receive signals from the Air Data Inertial Reference System (ADIRS),
the Flight Management and Guidance Computer (FMGC), the Engine Interface Unit (EIU), and the
Landing Gear Control Interface Unit (LGCIU).
When the system is in automatic or semi-automatic mode, one controller is active, the other is on
standby.
The controllers also generate signals for the Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitoring (ECAM).
For operation in manual mode, each controller has a backup section, which is powered by an
independent power supply in the controller N°1 position. This section also has a pressure sensor that
generates the cabin altitude and pressure signal for the ECAM, when MAN mode is selected.
The controllers communicate with each other via a cross-channel link.
OUTFLOW VALVE
The outflow valve is on the right-hand side of fuselage, behind the aft cargo compartment and below
the flotation line.
The outflow valve assembly consists of a flush, skin-mounted, rectangular frame, carrying inward and
outward opening flaps linked to the actuator. The actuator contains the drives of the two automatic
motors and the manual motor. Either of two automatic motors operates the valve in automatic mode,
and the manual motor operates it in manual mode.
In automatic mode, the operating controller signals the position of the valve to the ECAM.
In manual mode, the backup section of the N° 1 controller signals the position of the valve to the
ECAM.
Note: When the RAM AIR pushbutton is ON, and Δp is below 1 PSI, the system drives the outflow
valve about 50 % open if it is under automatic control. If the system is under manual
control, the outflow valve does not automatically open, even if Δp is below 1 PSI.
SAFETY VALVES
Two independent pneumatic safety valves prevent cabin pressure from going too high (8.6 PSI
above ambient) or too low (1 PSI below ambient).
They are located on the rear pressure bulkhead, above the flotation line.
The Residual Pressure Control Unit (RPCU) automatically depressurizes the aircraft in case of
abnormal residual pressure on ground. It automatically opens the outflow valve, when:
‐ The outflow valve is not fully open, and
‐ Both CPCs are failed, or manual mode is selected, and
‐ The aircraft is on ground, and
‐ All engines are shutdown, or all ADIRS indicate an airspeed below 100 kt.
GENERAL
‐ Two identical, independent, automatic systems (each consisting of a controller and its
associated motors) control cabin pressure.
Either system controls the single outflow valve.
Only one controller operates at a time.
An automatic transfer occurs:
• 70 s after each landing.
• If the operating system fails.
‐ The controller automatically controls the cabin pressure. It limits the cabin pressure to 8 000 ft
maximum and optimizes it during climb and descent phases.
‐ The controller normally uses the landing elevation and the QNH from the FMGC, and the
pressure altitude from ADIRS.
If FMGC data are not available, the controller uses the captain BARO Reference from the
ADIRS and the LDG ELEV selection.
‐ Pressurization is assumed through the following modes:
GROUND (GN)
Before takeoff, and 55 s after landing, the outflow valve fully opens to ensure that there is no
residual cabin pressure. At touchdown, any remaining cabin pressure is released at a cabin
vertical speed of 500 ft/min.
TAKEOFF (TO)
To avoid a pressure surge at rotation, the controller pre-pressurizes the aircraft at a rate of
400 ft/min, until the ΔP reaches 0.1 PSI. At liftoff, the controller initiates the climb phase.
CLIMB (CL)
During climb, the cabin altitude varies according to a fixed pre-programmed law that takes into
account the aircraft’s actual rate of climb.
CRUISE (CR)
During cruise, the controller maintains cabin altitude at the level-off value, or at the landing field
elevation, whichever is higher.
DESCENT (DE)
During descent, the controller maintains a cabin rate of descent, such that the cabin pressure is
equal to the landing field pressure +0.1 PSI, shortly before landing.
The maximum descent rate is 750 ft/min.
ABORT (AB)
If the aircraft does not climb after takeoff, the abort mode prevents the cabin altitude from
climbing.
Cabin pressure is set back to the takeoff altitude +0.1 PSI.
L3
FROM GN TO GN CL AB TO CL CR CR DE DE AB
TO TO CL CL AB GN GN CR CL DE CL GN CL
ENG 1 and ENG 2 TLA ≥ MCT (1) 1 0
L/G SYS1 or SYS 2 COMPRESSED 1 1
One L/G SYS UNLOADED and A/C speed above
1 1
C 100 kt
O One L/G SYS COMPRESSED and A/C speed
1 1
N below 100 kt
D A/C ALT. < 8 000 ft 1A
I A/C ALT. ≥ 8 000 ft 1
T A/C ALT. CHANGE SINCE T/O ≤ 5 075 SLFT 1A
I A/C ALT. CHANGE SINCE T/O ≥ 5 075 SLFT 1
O A/C RATE OF CLIMB ≥ 21 SL FPM FOR 60 s. 1 1
N A/C RATE OF CLIMB ≥ 100 SL FPM FOR 30 s. 0 1
S
A/C RATE OF DESCENT ≥ 200 SL FPM FOR
1
30 s.
A/C RATE OF DESCENT ≥ 250 SL FPM FOR
1
30 s.
(1) Engine running
0 : Condition not valid
1 : Condition valid
1A : Only one A condition is necessary
EXAMPLE
The cabin pressure controller switches from Climb mode (CL) to Abort mode (AB)
when:
‐ The aircraft is below 8 000 ft, or the aircraft has changed altitude less than
5 075 ft since takeoff and,
‐ The aircraft rate of descent is greater than 200 ft/min for 30 s.
If both automatic systems fail, the flight crew may use the CABIN PRESS control panel to take over
manual control of cabin pressurization.
• Release the MODE SEL pushbutton to select MAN, and
• Push the MAN V/S CTL switch UP or DN to increase or decrease cabin altitude.
The first of these actions cuts off power to the AUTO motors, and enables the MAN motor to control
the outflow valve.
Note: 1. Due to the slow operation of the outflow valves in manual mode, and the limited
resolution of the outflow valves' position on the ECAM, the visual ECAM indication of a
change in the outflow valves' position can take up to 5 s.
2. As the pressurization system is manually-controlled, the outflow valve does not open
automatically at touchdown.
DITCHING
To prepare for ditching, the flight crew must press the DITCHING pushbutton on the CABIN PRESS
control panel to close the outflow valve, the emergency ram air inlet, the avionics ventilation inlet and
extract valves, and the pack flow control valves.
OVERHEAD PANEL
FAULT lt : This legend appears in amber and the ECAM caution light comes on only when
both automatic systems are faulty.
Note: The pilot may notice a variation in the CAB ALT indication on the
ECAM PRESS page, when the system switches from the cabin
pressure control AUTO mode to MAN mode, due to the reduced
resolution of the backup pressure sensor.
Pulses, when the V/S > 1 750 ft/min (resets at 1 650 ft/min).
MEMO DISPLAY
The “MAN LDG ELEV” message is displayed in green, if the LDG ELEV knob is not in the AUTO
position.
GENERAL
GENERAL
MAIN COMPONENTS
FANS
Two electric fans operate continuously, as long as the aircraft’s electrical system is supplied. They
make the air circulate around the avionics equipment.
SKIN AIR INLET AND EXTRACT VALVES
These valves admit air from outside the aircraft and evacuate hot air from the avionics equipment.
SKIN EXCHANGE INLET AND OUTLET BYPASS VALVES
These valves enable air to circulate between the avionics bay and the space under the cargo
compartment floor.
AIR CONDITIONING INLET VALVE
This valve opens to enable the air conditioning circuit to supply fresh air to the avionics bay.
SKIN EXCHANGE ISOLATION VALVE
This valve connects or isolates the skin heat exchanger.
AVIONICS EQUIPMENT VENTILATION CONTROLLER (AEVC)
The AEVC controls the operation of all fans and valves in the avionics ventilation system.
GROUND OPERATIONS
The open-circuit configuration operates when skin temperature is above the on-ground threshold.
On-ground threshold = +12 °C (53 °F), temperature increasing, or
+9 °C (48 °F), temperature decreasing.
FLIGHT OPERATIONS
The close-circuit configuration operates when skin temperature is beneath the in-flight threshold.
In flight threshold = +35 °C (95 °F), temperature increasing, or
+32 °C (90 °F), temperature decreasing.
GROUND OPERATIONS
The close-circuit configuration operates when skin temperature is beneath the on-ground
threshold.
On ground threshold = +12 °C (53 °F), temperature increasing, or
+9 °C (48 °F), temperature decreasing.
FLIGHT OPERATIONS
The intermediate configuration operates when skin temperature is above the in-flight threshold.
In flight threshold = +35 °C (95 °F), temperature increasing, or
+32 °C (90 °F), temperature decreasing.
Note: The measuring range of the skin temperature sensed is between -50 °C and 80 °C.
Outside of this range, the AEVC sets the avionics ventilation configuration to the
intermediate configuration (partially open) until the temperature is within the operation
range again.
ABNORMAL OPERATION
When the BLOWER pushbutton switch is set at OVRD, the blower fan is stopped and the extract
fan continues to run.
When the EXTRACT pushbutton switch is set at OVRD, the extract fan is controlled directly from
the pushbutton. Both fans continue to run.
SMOKE CONFIGURATION
When the smoke detector detects smoke in the avionics ventilation air the BLOWER and the
EXTRACT FAULT lights come on.
When both the BLOWER and the EXTRACT pushbuttons are set to the OVRD position, the air
conditioning system supplies cooling air, which is then exhausted overboard. The blower fan
stops.
CONTROLLER FAILURE
The system goes to the same configuration as above, except that the skin exchange isolation
valve stays open.
The inlet valve and the skin exchange inlet bypass valve remain in the position they were in before
the failure occurred.
The extract fan keeps running.
BATTERY VENTILATION
A venturi in the skin of the aircraft draws air from the space around the batteries and vents it
overboard. The resulting airflow ventilates the batteries.
An extraction fan draws ambient cabin air through the lavatories and galleys and exhausts it near the
outflow valve.
The extraction fan runs continually when electric power is available.
OVERHEAD PANEL
FLT
E/WD: FAILURE TITLE AURAL MASTER SD PAGE LOCAL
PHASE
conditions WARNING LIGHT CALLED WARNING
INHIB
BLOWER FAULT BLOWER(1)
Blowing pressure low or duct overheat FAULT lt
3, 4, 5, 7, 8
EXTRACT FAULT EXTRACT
Extract pressure low FAULT lt
(1)
GENERAL
An extraction fan draws air from the cargo compartments and exhausts it overboard. Air from
the cabin replaces the exhausted air, thus ventilating the cargo compartments.
The system can add hot bleed air to the air entering from the cabin, thus giving the flight crew control
of the temperature in the forward or aft cargo compartment .
SCHEMATIC
Air from the cabin goes via the inlet isolation valve to the aft cargo compartment, driven by an
extraction fan. Air is controlled by the outlet isolation valve and then goes outboard through the
outflow valve.
The cargo ventilation controller controls the operation of the inlet and outlet isolation valves and the
extraction fan.
When the isolation valves are fully open, the extraction fan operates continuously when the aircraft is
on the ground and during flight.
The controller closes the isolation valves and stops the extraction fan when :
‐ the flight crew turns the AFT ISOL VALVE pushbutton switch OFF, or
‐ the aft cargo smoke detection unit detects smoke.
The ventilation system for the aft cargo compartment uses hot engine bleed air (upstream of the
packs), mixing it with the ambient cabin air that flows through the cargo compartment.
The cargo regulating valve regulates the pressure of this hot air supply, and the trim air valve, which
is modulated electrically by the controller, controls the flow.
The cargo pressure regulating valve is pneumatically operated and electrically controlled from the
HOT AIR pushbutton on the CARGO HEAT panel.
The hot air is controlled by the cargo trim air valve which is modulated electrically by the controller.
The hot air is then mixed with air from the cabin and supplied to the cargo compartment through the
ventilation inlet isolation valve.
According to the temperature selector demand, the controller regulates the amount of hot air added
by the trim air valve, until the desired temperature is reached.
If the inlet temperature exceeds 70 °C, the controller closes the trim air valve.
If the inlet temperature exceeds 88 °C, the controller interprets this as a duct overheat and closes the
pressure regulating valve. This valve then remains closed until the flight crew resets the system by
pressing the HOT AIR pushbutton — which it cannot do until the temperature drops below 70 °C.
OVERHEAD PANEL
(3) Temperature pb
‐ COLD : Approximately 5 °C (41 °F)
position
‐ HOT : Approximately 26 °C (79 °F)
position
‐ Middle : Approximately 15 °C (59 °F)
position
Note: 1. The cargo compartment temperature may vary, depending on external factors
(flight duration, outside temperature...).
2. The actual bulk cargo compartment temperature may be 10 °C (18 °F) lower than
the selected temperature.
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
DSC-22_10-10 Description
FMGC Standard.......................................................................................................................................................A
Preamble.................................................................................................................................................................. B
Description............................................................................................................................................................... C
General Philosophy................................................................................................................................................. D
Flight Management Guidance Computer (FMGC).................................................................................................. E
Multipurpose Control and Display Unit (MCDU)......................................................................................................F
Flight Control Unit (FCU)........................................................................................................................................ G
Flight Augmentation Computer (FAC).....................................................................................................................H
Other Flight Crew Interfaces.....................................................................................................................................I
Flight Crew Interface with FMGC............................................................................................................................ J
DSC-22_10-40-10 MCDU
MCDU.......................................................................................................................................................................A
DSC-22_10-40-20 FCU
FCU.......................................................................................................................................................................... A
FCU Philosophy....................................................................................................................................................... B
Speed/Mach Control Area....................................................................................................................................... C
Lateral Control Area................................................................................................................................................ D
AP-A/THR Control Area...........................................................................................................................................E
Vertical Control Area................................................................................................................................................F
FMGC STANDARD
PREAMBLE
This section gives a general description of the Auto Flight System and its functions:
‐ Architecture
‐ Function description
‐ Basic principle of systems:
• Reversion
• Protection
• Managed and selected guidance modes.
‐ Mode information
‐ Display characteristics
‐ Operational principles
‐ Flight crew interface (MCDU pages)
‐ Degraded modes of operations.
DESCRIPTION
The Flight Management Guidance System (FMGS) contains the following units:
‐ Two Flight Management Guidance Computers (FMGC)
‐ Two Multipurpose Control and Display Units (MCDU) (third MCDU optional)
‐ One Flight Control Unit (FCU)
‐ Two Flight Augmentation Computers (FAC).
GENERAL PHILOSOPHY
The Flight Management and Guidance System (FMGS) provides predictions of flight time, mileage,
speed, economy profiles and altitude.
It reduces cockpit workload, improves efficiency, and eliminates many routine operations generally
performed by the flight crew.
Two MCDUs are installed on the pedestal for flight crew loading and display of data. The use of
the MCDU allows the flight crew to interface with the FMGC by selection of a flight plan for lateral
and vertical trajectories and speed profiles. The flight crew may also modify selected navigation
or performance data and specific functions of Flight Management (revised flight plan, engine-out,
secondary flight plan, etc.). Additional data from peripherals (Centralized Fault Display System
(CFDS), ARINC Communication Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS), Air Traffic Service Unit
(ATSU)...) can also be displayed. Data that is entered into the MCDU that is illogical or beyond the
aircraft capabilities will either be disregarded or will generate an advisory message.
The MCDUs allow the activation of the back–up navigation in the case of a dual FM Failure.
The FCU located on the glareshield, is the short-term interface between the flight crew and the
FMGC. It is used to select any flight parameters or modify those selected in the MCDU. The
autopilots and autothrust functions may be engaged or disengaged. Different guidance modes can
be selected to change various targets (speed, heading, track, altitude, flight path angle, vertical
speed).
The FAC controls rudder, rudder trim and yaw damper inputs. It computes data for the flight envelope
and speed functions. The FAC also provides warning for low-energy and windshear detection if these
functions are installed.
THRUST LEVERS
The thrust levers are the main interface between the Flight Management Guidance Computer
(FMGC), the Full Authority Digital Engine Control System (FADEC), and the flight crew.
The thrust levers:
‐ Arm the autothrust at takeoff, when FLX or TOGA is selected
‐ Limit the maximum thrust by their position when autothrust is active
‐ Disconnect the autothrust system when the flight crew sets them to IDLE
‐ Command the thrust manually when autothrust is not active
‐ Engage the common modes (takeoff or go-around) when TOGA (or FLX for takeoff) is set
‐ Set the autothrust to the active mode when they are between IDLE and CL detent (MCT in
engine out).
NAVIGATION DISPLAYS
Five different color navigation compass displays can be selected:
‐ ARC (map mode)
‐ ROSE NAV (map mode)
‐ ROSE VOR
‐ ROSE LS
‐ PLAN.
Information displayed on these modes uses the aircraft’s position as a reference point for the flight
plan navigation data (lateral and vertical information).
GENERAL
DUAL MODE
This is the normal mode. The two FMGCs are synchronized: each performs its own computations
and exchanges data with the other through a crosstalk bus.
One FMGC is the master, the other the slave, so that some data in the slave FMGC comes from the
master.
All data inserted into any MCDU is transferred to both FMGCs and to all peripherals.
INDEPENDENT MODE
The system automatically selects this degraded mode under specific abnormal conditions (e.g.
different database validity on both FMGCs).
Both FMGCs work independently and are linked only to peripherals on their own sides of the flight
deck (“onside” peripherals).
When this occurs, the “INDEPENDENT OPERATION” message is displayed on both MCDU
scratchpads.
Each MCDU transmits data it receives from its onside FMGC. It affects only the onside EFIS
(Electronic Flight Instrument System) and RMP (Radio Management Panel).
On the POS MONITOR page (and GPS MONITOR page ), FMGS position (and GPS position
) from the opposite FMGC is not displayed.
On the RAD NAV page (and PROG page, if the FMGS GPS is not installed), navaids tuned on the
opposite MCDU are not displayed. Corresponding fields are blank.
PROCEDURES ON GROUND
If each FMGC is loaded with a different database, the FMGS will only operate in
independent mode.
SINGLE MODE
The system automatically selects this degraded mode when one FMGC fails.
When this occurs, the failed FMGC displays “OPP FMGC IN PROCESS” in white on the MCDU
scratchpad.
On the ND usually associated with the failed FM:
‐ If the NDs are not both in the same mode or range, the associated ND displays "MAP NOT AVAIL"
and "SET OFFSIDE RNG/MODE".
‐ If the NDs are in the same mode and range, the associated ND displays the "OFFSIDE FM
CONTROL" amber message.
Both POS MONITOR pages display the same position (operative FMGC position).
Both FDs are driven by the same FMGC. Any entry on either MCDU is sent to the operative FMGC.
PROCEDURES
If a transient failure triggers a single mode of operation:
DO NOT USE the MCDU(s) until the PLEASE WAIT message is suppressed.
SET both NDs on the same range and mode to display the same information from the
operative FMGC.
When convenient, RESET the failed FMGC. (Refer to PRO-SUP-22-10 Manual FMGS Reset
- General).
The flight crew selects on the MCDU MENU page this degraded mode when both FMGCs fail. They
recover the navigation function through the MCDU and IRS/GPS .
The MCDU continuously memorizes the active flight plan in its memory.
If both FMGCs fail, the back up navigation provides the following functions:
‐ Flight Planning
‐ Aircraft position using onside IRS, IRS3, or GPIRS position (if GPS )
‐ F-PLN display on ND
‐ No AP/FD NAV mode
‐ Limited lateral revision
‐ F-PLN automatic sequencing.
GENERAL
The flight management system displays navigation, performance and guidance information on the:
‐ Multipurpose Control and Display Unit (MCDU)
‐ Navigation Display (ND) of the Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS)
‐ Primary Flight Display (PFD) of the EFIS.
MCDU
MCDU INTERFACE
GENERAL
The Multipurpose Control and Display Unit (MCDU) has a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) with 14
lines of 24 characters each, including:
‐ A title line that gives the name of the current page in large letters
‐ Six label lines, each of which names the data displayed just below it (on the data field line)
‐ Six data field lines that display computed data or data inserted by the flight crew
‐ The scratchpad line that displays:
• Specific messages
• Information the flight crew has entered by means of the number and letter keys and which
can then be moved to one of the data fields.
KEYBOARD
The keyboard includes:
‐ Function and Page Call up functions and pages the flight crew uses for flight management
keys functions and computations.
↑ ↓ (or SLEW) keys Move a page up or down to display portions that are off the screen.
← → keys Moves to the next page of a multi-page element. An arrow in the top right
corner indicates that another page is available.
AIRPORT key Calls up the flight plan page that contains the next airport along the
current flight plan. Successive pushes on the key show the alternate
airport, the origin airport (before takeoff), and the next airport again.
‐ Number and letter keys allow the flight crew to insert data in the scratchpad so that they can use
a line select key to enter it in the main display.
‐ Three keys have special functions:
CLR (clear) key Erases material (messages or inserted data) from the scratchpad or from
certain areas of displayed pages.
OVFY (overfly) key Allows the aircraft to overfly a selected waypoint.
SP (space) key Allows to insert a space in specific message.
DATA ENTRY
The flight crew enters data by typing it into the scratchpad on the MCDU. Next, pressing the line
select key (LSK) will load the data from the scratchpad into the desired field. An error message
displays if the data is out of range or not formatted correctly. To correct data, the flight crew may
clear the message with the clear (CLR) key and then retype the message into the scratchpad.
Pressing the CLR key when the scratchpad is empty displays “CLR”. To clear data from a field,
select CLR from the scratchpad to the data field to be cleared.
To enter a double data entry such a speed/altitude, the separating slash must be used. If entering
only the first part of a double entry, omit the slash. To enter only the second part of a double entry,
a leading slash must be used i.e. /0400.
MESSAGES
The scratchpad displays various messages for flight crew information. Theses messages are
prioritized by importance to the flight crew as either amber or white.
Amber messages are:
‐ Navigation messages
‐ Data entry messages
‐ EFIS repeat messages.
Amber messages are categorized into two types:
‐ Type 1 message that is a direct result of a flight crew action. Type 1 messages are displayed
immediately in the scratchpad ahead of other messages.
‐ Type 2 messages inform the flight crew of a given situation or request a specific action. Stored
in “last in”, “first out” message queue that holds maximum of 5 messages.
Type 2 messages are displayed in the scratchpad only if there are no Type 1 messages or other
data and will remain until all the messages have been viewed and cleared with the CLR key.
White messages are advisory only.
CHARACTERS
Small and large fonts are displayed according to the following rules:
‐ The title line and the scratchpad are displayed in large font
‐ Datafields are usually displayed in large font
‐ Label lines are displayed in small font
‐ Flight crew entries and modifiable data are displayed in large font
‐ Defaulted/computed and non modifiable data are displayed in small font.
COLORS
DATA MCDU COLOR
TITLES, COMMENTS, <, >, ↑ ↓, WHITE
← →, DASHES, MINOR MESSAGES
BLUE
‐ MODIFIABLE DATA
‐ SELECTABLE DATA
‐ BRACKETS
Continued on the following page
SCREEN PROMPTS
DIR Calls up the DIR TO page, and enables the flight crew to proceed directly from
the present position to any waypoint, entered manually or selected in the active
flight plan.
PROG Calls up the progress page corresponding to the phase of the active flight plan
that is in progress.
This page displays navigation information and active data such as the optimum
and maximum recommended cruise flight levels. It enables the flight crew to
update the FMGS position and to obtain a bearing and distance to any location.
PERF Calls up the performance pages, that display the optimum speed or Mach number
for each phase. The flight crew can amend these pages. The first page to be
displayed is the one corresponding to the current flight phase (except for preflight
and done phases).
The flight crew can then use the appropriate 6L or 6R LSK to call up pages
corresponding to future flight phases.
INIT Calls up the flight plan initialization A page, which also gives the flight crew
access to the B page. The flight crew uses the INIT pages to initialize Flight
Management for the flight.
The flight crew uses the INIT A page primarily to insert his flight plan and to align
the inertial reference system.
The flight crew uses the INIT B page to insert aircraft weight, fuel on board, CG
and various fuel requirements. The FMGS uses this data to compute predictions
and fuel planning parameters.
The flight crew has access to the INIT A page only in the preflight phase.
INIT B page (not accessible after engine start) is called up by pressing the "NEXT
PAGE" key.
DATA Calls up the data index page. This gives the flight crew access to various
reference pages that show aircraft position, aircraft status, runways, waypoints,
navaids, routes, and data stored by the flight crew.
F-PLN Calls up the flight plan A and B pages, which contain a leg-by-leg description of
the active primary flight plan.
The flight crew can use the slewing keys to review the entire active flight plan.
They can make all lateral and vertical revisions to the flight plan through these
pages, using the left LSKs for lateral revision and the right keys for vertical
revision.
RAD NAV Calls up the radio navigation page. This page displays the Radio Navaids tuned
automatically or manually through the FMGC.
FUEL PRED Calls up the fuel prediction page. Once the engines are started, this page
displays the fuel predicted to be remaining at the destination and the alternate, as
well as fuel management data.
SEC F-PLN Calls up the index page for the secondary flight plan. The flight crew can use
this page to call up the secondary flight plan and all the functions related to it
(copying, deleting, reviewing, activating, and the INIT and PERF pages).
ATC COMM Calls up the ATC applications (not activated).
MCDU MENU Calls up the MCDU MENU page, which displays the subsystems currently
addressed via the MCDU. The key next to the name of a subsystem enables the
flight crew to select that subsystem.
When the MCDU MENU annunciator lights up, the flight crew should press the
MCDU MENU key. The menu will have [REQ] displayed next to the name of the
subsystem that requires attention.
MCDU DISPLAY
The MCDUs display:
‐ Position and accuracy information
‐ Tuned navaids
‐ Lateral and vertical flight plans (waypoints, pseudo waypoints, constraints)
‐ Predictions (SPD, TIME, ALT, WIND)
‐ Fuel predictions and fuel management information (estimated fuel on board, extra fuel)
‐ Performance data.
FCU
The Flight Control Unit (FCU) is located on the glareshield and is constituted of three control panels:
One for the automatic flight controls and two for the Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS). The
FCU has two channels, each of which can independently command the central control panel. If one
channel fails, the other channel can control all the functions.
FCU PHILOSOPHY
The flight crew can use two types of guidance to control the aircraft in auto flight. One type is
managed by the Flight Management Guidance System (FMGS). The other uses target quantities
which are manually entered by the flight crew.
When the aircraft uses target quantities from the FMGS (managed guidance), the FCU windows
display dashes and the white dots next to those windows light up. When the aircraft uses target
quantities, entered by the flight crew (selected guidance), the windows display the selected numbers
and the white dots do not light up.
Note: The altitude window always displays an altitude selected by the flight crew (never dashes).
The FCU has four knobs:
‐ SPD-MACH
‐ HDG-TRK
‐ ALT
‐ V/S-FPA.
The knobs can be rotated, pushed in, and pulled out:
‐ In order to arm or engage managed guidance for a given mode, the flight crew pushes in the
associated knob. If, for example, they push in the HDG knob, they engage or arms the NAV mode.
‐ In order to engage a selected guidance mode, the flight crew turns the knob to set the desired
value, then pulls the knob out to engage the mode with a target value equal to the selected value.
Note: In managed guidance (lateral, vertical guidance or managed speed), the corresponding
window is dashed. Turning a knob without pulling it, displays a value that is the sum of the
current target and the turn action value. The display remains 45 s on the HDG/TRK and V/S
windows and 10 s on the SPD/MACH window before the dashes reappear. This rule does
not apply to the ALT knob/window.
SPD/MACH knob
Display range: between 100 and 399 kt for speed, between 0.10 and 0.99 for Mach number.
One rotation of the knob corresponds to approximately 32 kt or M 0.32.
SPD/MACH pb
Pushing this pushbutton changes the SPD target to the corresponding MACH target and vice
versa.
HDG/TRK knob
Display range: between 0 ° and 359 °.
One rotation of the knob corresponds to 32 ° (1 ° per click).
LOC pb
Pushing this pushbutton arms, engages, or disengages the LOC mode.
HDG V/S – TRK FPA pb
The flight crew uses this pushbutton to select HDG (associated with V/S) or TRK (associated with
FPA). Pushing it:
‐ Displays the Flight Path Vector (FPV) on the Primary Flight Display (PFD) or deletes it.
‐ On the PFD, changes the FD crossbar display (with the aircraft attitude as its reference) to the
aircraft Flight Path Director (with the flight path vector as its reference) and vice versa.
‐ Changes heading reference into track reference in the HDG/TRK window and vice versa.
‐ Changes vertical speed reference target into flight path angle reference target in the V/S-FPA
window and vice versa.
A/THR pb
The flight crew uses this pushbutton to arm, activate, or disconnect the autothrust (A/THR). This
button illuminates green if the A/THR is armed or active.
The FCU altitude window always displays a target value selected by the flight crew. It never displays
dashes.
Altitude knob (INNER AND OUTER)
Display range: 100 to 49 000 ft
‐ The outer knob has two positions: 100 and 1000
‐ The inner knob sets the altitude in the FCU window in increments of 100 or 1 000 ft, depending
upon the position of the outer knob.
METRIC ALT pb
This pushbutton is used to display the FCU altitude target in meters on the ECAM, or the current
altitude and FCU/FM altitude target in meters on the PFD .
V/S or FPA knob
Range (V/S) : –6 000 to +6 000 ft/min
2 clicks = 100 ft/min
If the flight crew turns the knob slowly, each click equals 100 ft/min.
Range (FPA) : –9.9 ° to +9.9 °
1 click = 0.1 °
The flight crew turns this knob to set the value of the vertical speed (V/S) or flight path angle (FPA)
to be displayed in the V/S or FPA window (They choose which, V/S or FPA, is to be displayed by
pushing the HDG V/S - TRK FPA pb).
One rotation of the knob corresponds to 32 clicks.
When the flight crew pushes in the V/S or FPA knob, the system commands an immediate level-off
by engaging the V/S or FPA mode with a target of zero. The flight mode annunciator (FMA) then
displays ALT in green when V/S or FPA is nulled. If the flight crew now turns the knob to put in a
new setting for V/S or FPA, the aircraft changes flight path accordingly.
APPR pb
This pushbutton arms, disarms, engages, or disengages the approach modes:
‐ LOC and G/S modes, if an ILS approach is selected in the active F-PLN.
‐ APP NAV-FINAL modes, if a non precision approach is selected in the active F-PLN.
THRUST LEVERS
PFD
The Flight Management and Guidance System generates the following information to the EFIS
Primary Flight Display:
‐ Armed and engaged modes on the Flight Mode Annunciator (FMA)
‐ FMGS guidance targets (SPD, ALT, HDG)
‐ Vertical deviation from descent profile
‐ Messages
‐ Navigation information.
CLIMB PHASE
APPROACH PHASE
ND
The FMGS generates the following information, displayed on the EFIS Navigation Displays:
‐ Flight plan (active secondary, temporary, dashed)
‐ Aircraft position and lateral deviation from the flight plan
‐ Pseudo-waypoints along the flight plan
‐ Raw data from tuned Navaids and type of selected approach
‐ Various display options (waypoints, Navaids, NDBs, airports, constraints)
‐ Wind information and various messages.
ARC MODE
PLAN MODE
ROSE MODES
F-PLN Color
Primary Flight Plan
‐ Managed mode: Steady green
‐ Selected mode: Dashed green
Track line Steady green
Alternate flight plan Dashed blue
Missed approach Steady blue
Continued on the following page
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
DSC-22_20-10 General
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
DSC-22_20-20 Navigation
DSC-22_20-20-05 General
Navigation................................................................................................................................................................ A
DSC-22_20-40-30 Predictions
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
Predictions for the Primary Flight Plan................................................................................................................... B
Computation of Predictions..................................................................................................................................... C
Predictions Displayed on the Navigation Display................................................................................................... D
Predictions Displayed on the MCDU.......................................................................................................................E
Type of Predictions.................................................................................................................................................. F
Examples of MCDU Predictions..............................................................................................................................G
Constraint Symbols (Star)....................................................................................................................................... H
Vertical Deviation...................................................................................................................................................... I
Operation Rules Concerning Predictions.................................................................................................................J
Other Computations.................................................................................................................................................K
Return-to-Trajectory Assumptions............................................................................................................................L
Energy Circle...........................................................................................................................................................M
Introduction to PERF and IDLE Factors................................................................................................................. N
PERF Factor............................................................................................................................................................O
IDLE Factor..............................................................................................................................................................P
Procedure to Modify the PERF and IDLE Factors................................................................................................. Q
GENERAL
The flight management and guidance system (FMGS) performs navigation functions and lateral and
vertical flight planning functions. It also computes performance parameters and guides the aircraft
along a preplanned route.
The Flight Management (FM) part controls the following functions:
‐ Navigation
‐ Management of flight planning
‐ Prediction and optimization of performance
‐ Management of navigation radios
‐ Management of displays
NAVIGATION
GENERAL
Each FMGC computes its own aircraft position (called the "FM position") from a MIX IRS position and
a computed radio position, or a GPS position.
The FMGS selects the most accurate position, considering the estimated accuracy and integrity of
each positioning equipment.
GPS/INERTIAL is the basic navigation mode, provided GPS data is valid and successfully tested.
Otherwise, navaids plus inertial or inertial only are used. (Refer to DSC-22_20-20-10 Navigation
Modes).
Each FMGC receives a position from each of the three IRSs, and computes a mean-weighted
average called the “MIX IRS” position:
‐ If one of the IRSs drifts abnormally, the MIX IRS position uses an algorithm that decreases the
influence of the drifting IRS within the MIX IRS position.
‐ If one of the IRSs fails, each FMGC uses only one IRS (onside IRS or IRS3). Each IRS position
and inertial speed are continuously tested. If the test fails, the corresponding IRS is rejected.
‐ When the "CHECK IRS (1, 2 or 3)/FM POSITION" message appears on the MCDU.
GPS POSITION
Each IRS computes a mixed IRS/GPS position called the GPIRS position. For this, each IRS can
independently select their GPS source in order to maximize the availability of GPS data.
Of the three GPIRS positions that each FMGC receives, the FMS selects one GPIRS position based
on a figure of merit and priority.
The FMS uses the following hierarchy to perform the selection:
‐ Onside GPIRS position
‐ GPIRS 3
‐ Opposite GPIRS position.
If the GPIRS data does not comply with an integrity criterion that is based on a Horizontal Integrity
Limit (HIL) and on the automatic detection of failed satellites, the FMS rejects the GPS mode and
uses the radio position update.
The flight crew can deselect/select the GPS position on the SELECTED NAVAIDS page, if
necessary.
Information about the GPS position is displayed on the GPS MONITOR page.
Note: In nominal case, ADIRU1 selects GPS1 and ADIRU2 selects GPS2. The GPS selection
by ADIRU3 depends on the position of the ATT HDG selector switch. If one of the GPS
source is rejected by the ADIRUs, all ADIRUs will select the same GPS source. As a result,
the data of the GPS that is not selected is dashed on the GPS MONITOR page. The “GPS
PRIMARY LOST” message may not be displayed.
RADIO POSITION
Each FMGC uses onside navaids to compute its own radio position. These navaids are displayed on
the SELECTED NAVAIDS page.
The available navaids are:
‐ DME/DME
‐ VOR/DME
‐ LOC
‐ DME/DME-LOC
‐ VOR/DME-LOC.
It uses LOC to update the lateral position, using LOC beam during ILS approach.
LOC is also used for quick update, when in GPS/IRS mode.
If one or more navaids fail, each FMGC can use offside navaids to compute the VOR/DME, or the
DME/DME radio position.
The radio navaid selection is displayed on the DATA “SELECTED NAVAIDS” page.
FM POSITION
At flight initialization, each FMGC displays an FM position that is a MIX IRS/GPS position (GPIRS):
‐ At takeoff, when the FM position is updated to the runway threshold position as stored in the
database, possibly corrected by the takeoff shift entered on PERF TO page.
‐ In flight, the FM position approaches the radio position or the GPS position at a rate depending
upon the aircraft altitude.
Note: The FM position update at takeoff is inhibited when GPS PRIMARY is active.
BIAS
Each FMGC computes a vector from its MIX IRS position to the radio position or GPIRS position.
This vector is called the “bias”.
Each FMGC updates its bias continuously as long as a radio position or a GPIRS position is
available.
If an FMGC loses its radio/GPIRS position, it memorizes the bias and uses it to compute the FM
position, which equals the MIX IRS position plus the bias. Until the radio or the GPIRS position is
restored, the bias does not change.
The flight crew can update the FM position manually. This also updates the bias.
POSITION MONITOR
The flight crew may check the position computation using the GPS MONITOR or POSITION
MONITOR page.
A takeoff update requires that the takeoff runway be part of the flight plan. This provides the most
accurate position update.
If the takeoff run starts at an intersection, enter a takeoff shift on the PERF TO page to refine the
takeoff update.
An accurate takeoff update ensures a precise aircraft position during departure.
NAVIGATION MODES
The FMGS updates the FM position via the use of radio navaids or GPS, if available. It can use four
different FM navigation modes to make this update.
The decreasing order of priority is:
‐ IRS-GPS
‐ IRS-DME/DME
‐ IRS-VOR/DME
‐ IRS only.
During ILS approaches, the system performs a temporary lateral update, via one of the following
modes:
‐ IRS-GPS/LOC
‐ IRS-DME/DME-LOC
‐ IRS-VOR/DME-LOC
‐ IRS-LOC.
GENERAL
Note: After an IRS alignment or at takeoff, the EPU is set to 0.2 nm.
The FMS displays the EPU to the flight crew and compares it with the Required Navigation
Performance (RNP):
‐ If the EPU does not exceed the RNP, accuracy is HIGH
‐ If the EPU exceeds the RNP, accuracy is LOW.
The RNP is displayed in the REQUIRED field of the PROG page. The displayed RNP is (in a
decreasing order of priority):
‐ The value that the flight crew entered
‐ The navigation database procedure value
‐ The system’s default value.
When a flight crew enters an RNP that is higher than the published value, one of the following
messages is displayed : "PROCEDURE RNP IS XX.XX", or "AREA RNP IS XX.XX". When this
occurs, the flight crew should verify the RNP value that was manually entered in the REQUIRED field
of the PROG page, and clear or modify it if necessary.
The "AREA RNP IS XX.XX" message is also displayed at the change of flight area if the new RNP
(default value) is smaller than the displayed RNP (manually entered).
When one FMGC changes the NAV accuracy from LOW to HIGH (or HIGH to LOW), the MCDU and
the ND display the "NAV ACCUR UPGRAD" (or DOWNGRAD) message.
These messages are inhibited when the navigation mode is IRS/GPS.
When in IRS/GPS mode, the GPS PRIMARY status combines two different criteria:
‐ The accuracy criterion previously described (HIGH/LOW accuracy)
‐ An integrity criterion: This is the capability to detect a failure and provide appropriate warning of it.
This criterion indicates the confidence that the flight crew can have in the FMS position.
If the GPS PRIMARY status complies with both criteria, "GPS PRIMARY" is displayed on the MCDU
(PROG page, [5R] field and scratchpad) and temporarily on the ND.
If the GPS PRIMARY status no longer complies with one of these criteria (Navigation downgraded
or integrity lost), the GPS PRIMARY status is lost and the MCDU and the ND display the "GPS
PRIMARY LOST" message. It is possible to clear the scratchpad message on the MCDU, but not on
the ND.
CAUTION "HIGH" or "LOW" on the PROG page indicates the FM position accuracy, based
on estimated uncertainty. When GPS PRIMARY mode is lost, the flight crew must
periodically check this position accuracy. In GPS PRIMARY mode, the position
accuracy is always at HIGH.
When the GPS is manually deselected, the "GPS IS DESELECTED" message is displayed on the
MCDU, 80 nm before the T/D or at approach phase transition.
When the GPS PRIMARY function is active, and either of the FM positions deviate from the GPS
positions 1 or 2 by more than:
‐ A longitude threshold that depends on the latitude:
• 0.5' for latitudes below 55°
• 0.9' for latitudes at or above 55°, and below 70°.
‐ A latitude threshold of 0.5', regardless of the latitude,
then, the lower ECAM displays the NAV FM/GPS POS DISAGREE amber caution. The master
caution light comes on and the single chime sounds.
This amber caution is inhibited during the takeoff phase.
Above 70° of latitude, a longitude difference does not trigger the alarm.
The predictive GPS page is only operative with the Honeywell ADIRS equipment. All fields are blank
with Litton ADIRS equipment.
The predictive GPS function predicts the availability of the GPS within ± 15 min of ETA at
destination, or at any waypoint entered by the flight crew.
Predictions are displayed on the predictive GPS page at time intervals of 5 min (+15 and –15 min of
ETA).
To access this page, press the 5L key of the PROG page. This page also enables the deselection of
up to 4 satellites at a time.
When GPS PRIMARY is available, the navigation accuracy check is not required.
When GPS PRIMARY is not available, the flight crew must perform this essential check:
‐ Periodically in cruise
‐ At 10 000 ft in descent.
When entering a terminal/approach area, the flight crew must monitor navigation accuracy only.
The procedure is:
‐ While en route, check the HIGH/LOW accuracy information.
• If accuracy is "LOW" (and whenever "NAV ACCUR DOWNGRAD" appears), compare raw data
from the tuned navaids with the corresponding FM computed data on the ND or the MCDU
PROG page
• If accuracy is "HIGH", periodically perform the comparison (about once per hour).
‐ In descent, and in terminal and approach areas, validate the estimated accuracy, whether it
is "HIGH" or "LOW", by comparing the FM data with the raw data from the VOR/DME at the
destination airfield, if available.
This check verifies and quantifies the FM accuracy. It confirms the reliability of FMGS data itself and
navigation display presentation. It also validates the use of the NAV mode.
By comparing the bearing, the flight crew may evaluate the validity of the overall check. In area with
high magnetic variation change, the comparison of bearings may not be adequate.
GENERAL
Radio navaids are tuned for two different purposes: Display and computation.
It is possible to perform tuning for display in three different ways:
‐ Automatic tuning via FMGC software
‐ Manual tuning via the MCDU RAD NAV page
‐ Manual tuning via the Radio Management Panel (RMP) if both FMGCs or both MCDUs fail.
The FMGS automatically tunes the radio navaids for computation of the radio position.
Note: The manual selection of a VOR or VOR/DME may prevent the FMGS from automatically
tuning a VOR/DME to compute position. In this case, the related MCDU displays “TUNE
BBB FFF.FF” (BBB = ident, FFF.FF = frequency).
ARCHITECTURE
‐ In dual mode and independent mode, each FMGC simultaneously tunes the navaids on its
own side (one VOR, one DME, one ILS and one ADF). In these modes, the flight crew can also
manually tune the VOR (and associated DME), ILS, and ADF.
‐ In single mode, the valid FMGC tunes navaids on both sides. The flight crew can also use the
RAD NAV page to manually tune both VORs, both ADFs and the ILS.
VOR
DME
ADF
The FMGC automatically tunes one ADF, when the flight plan specifies a Non Directional Beacon
(NDB) approach and a fix in the approach is the “TO” waypoint.
The scratchpad displays “SPECIFIC NDB UNAVAIL”, if the NDB that the flight crew requires for
autotuning is deselected.
ILS
The MCDU displays the navaids tuned by the FMGC on two pages:
‐ RADIO NAV Page
‐ SELECTED NAVAIDS Page.
RADIO NAV PAGE
This page shows which navaids have been tuned automatically or manually for display purposes.
MANUAL TUNING
NAVAID IDENTIFICATION
CHECK the ILS identifier decoding on the PFD, and the VOR or ADF identifier on the ND.
When the navaid identifier is decoded in agreement with that published, no audio check is necessary.
When the decoding is different from the published one, check the audio. Due to morse coding
inaccuracy, wrong decoding may sometimes occur.
Note: When a DME or a TACAN only is selected using either its identifier or its frequency, the
NDs do not display the decoded indication.
The FMGS uses the reference point coordinates of the departure airport to align the IRS.
It calls these up from the database automatically after the flight crew has entered a company route
or an origin-destination city pair and pressed the ALIGN IRS key on the MCDU. The flight crew can
adjust these coordinates manually to the gate position. A normal alignment takes 10 min, a fast
alignment 30 s.
Fast alignment is used to refine a position when time is limited.
Note: If the “IRS IN ALIGN” memo flashes on the E/WD during the alignment process, it indicates
one of the following:
‐ It has detected excessive motion. (It automatically restarts the alignment)
‐ It has detected a disagreement between the position the MCDU has sent to the IRS,
and the last memorized IRS position. The flight crew must enter new coordinates in the
MCDU, and realign the IRS
‐ It has detected a disagreement between the latitude the MCDU has sent to the IRS, and
the latitude the IRS has computed during the alignment
‐ The IRS has not received a position from the MCDU .
GENERAL
FLIGHT PLANNING
The flight crew uses the MCDU to insert flight plans into the FMGS:
‐ A lateral flight plan that defines the intended horizontal flight path
‐ A vertical flight plan that defines the intended speed and altitude profile for the aircraft to follow
while flying the lateral flight plan.
Note: The flight planning function is available for both the primary and secondary flight plans.
The FMGS can contain two different flight plans:
‐ The ACTIVE flight plan, which is the basis for:
• Lateral and vertical guidance
• MCDU and ND display
• Radio navigation autotuning
• Performance predictions
• Fuel planning.
‐ The SECONDARY flight plan which the flight crew may use:
• When an alternate takeoff runway is probable
• To plan a diversion
• To prepare the next flight
• To compare predictions or evaluations.
Each flight plan is composed of the same elements:
‐ The primary flight plan, from origin to destination and missed approach
‐ The alternate flight plan, from destination to alternate destination.
The flight crew enters the flight plan in either of two ways:
‐ Automatically by selecting a company route. Such a selection will call all the elements of the route
out of the database.
‐ Manually by selecting an ORIGIN/DEST pair, and then selecting all successive waypoints,
procedures, and vertical constraints on the MCDU.
The flight crew may then modify the flight plan on the ground or in flight, by making lateral and
vertical revisions.
General
GENERAL
To insert the lateral flight plan, the flight crew can use either a company route number or an ICAO
four-letter city pair.
The lateral flight plan includes the following elements:
‐ Departure
• Takeoff runway
• SID
• En route transition.
‐ En route
• En route waypoints and airways.
‐ Arrival
• En route transition
• STARs/VIAs
• Landing runway with selected approach
• Missed approach.
‐ Alternate flight plan.
These elements are defined by waypoints and legs between the waypoints.
Note: 1. When the aircraft overflies a flight plan discontinuity, the NAV mode automatically reverts
to the HDG (TRK) mode.
2. In HDG/TRK mode, a waypoint is sequenced when it passes behind the aircraft, and the
aircraft is less than 7 nm from it, and also when the difference between the track of the
aircraft and the track of the leg is less than 90 °.
If the aircraft is flying a discontinuity towards a waypoint, this waypoint is sequenced
when the aircraft is less than 5 nm from it.
The same conditions apply in NAV mode, except that no distance to the waypoint is
taken into account.
The FMGS automatically strings additional types of legs, when departure or arrival procedures (SID -
STAR - TRANS) are defined.
Those strings correspond to specific patterns that are heading or track referenced and are defined in
the database, such as:
‐ DME arc leg
‐ Holding pattern to a fix, or reverse turn
‐ Course-to-fix leg
‐ Radius-to-fix leg
‐ Heading leg
‐ MANUAL leg.
The flight crew cannot create these types of legs: They are part of the stored departure/arrival
procedures they have selected.
The flight crew can only create direct legs between manually defined geographic points (navaids,
airports, waypoints).
Note: The departure and arrival procedures are defined in the database to minimize the amount
of memory required.
They are divided, as follows:
‐ DEPARTURE = SID + EN ROUTE TRANSITION
‐ ARRIVAL = APPR VIA + STAR + EN ROUTE TRANSITION
The SID is the central common part of the departure procedure, as the STAR is of the
arrival procedure. Enroute transitions (TRANS) are the various possible trajectories defined
between the last SID point and the first enroute waypoints, and between the last enroute
waypoint and the first fix of the STAR . ”APPR VIAs” are the possible trajectories, defined
between the last STAR point and the first point of the approach.
MANUAL LEGS
A MANUAL leg stays on a constant TRK or HDG and has no termination point. The flight crew
cannot insert it into a flight plan manually: it is part of a given procedure such as a SID or a STAR.
When the aircraft is flying a MANUAL leg, the NAV mode remains engaged and predictions assume
that the aircraft will fly a direct leg from its present position to the next waypoint (DIR TO). When the
aircraft is cleared to fly to the next waypoint of the flight plan, the flight crew performs a DIR TO.
Note: 1. In NAV mode, a MANUAL leg is sequenced only by performing a DIR TO.
2. The use of the descent mode (DES) on a MANUAL leg is not recommended.
The flight crew enters the name of the CO RTE into the [1L] field of the INIT A page. This action
enters all the elements of the flight plan. The database usually includes an alternate route
associated with the destination.
2. A company route, that is in the database, but the flight crew does not know it is there.
The flight crew enters a city pair in the [1R] field. The ROUTE SELECTION page automatically
appears and enables the flight crew to review all stored routes between the two cities before
selecting one of them.
In terms of flight plan capacity, the FMS takes into account 3 flight plans:
‐ The active flight plan
‐ The secondary flight plan
‐ The temporary flight plan.
Each flight plan can contain up to 200 legs. If a flight plan contains 200 legs, and if the flight crew
attempts to perform a lateral revision that increases the number of legs of this flight plan, the
FMS rejects the revision and the MCDU displays the “F-PLN FULL” message. For the active and
secondary flight plans, the primary parts must contain less than 135 legs, and the alternate parts
must contain lesgs than 65 legs.
LATERAL REVISIONS
The flight crew can revise the lateral flight plan following two types of revisions:
1. Lateral revisions that have an immediate effect on the active flight plan:
‐ The flight crew inserts a new waypoint directly on the F-PLN page, deletes, or changes a
waypoint from it:
When the flight crew enters a new waypoint, which does not exist in the flight plan, the following
waypoint moves down the flight plan, with a discontinuity shown after the new waypoint.
‐ The flight crew adds a direct leg (DIR TO) from his present position to a selected waypoint:
The flight crew can change the “TO” waypoint of the active leg. The DIR TO function gives
access to DIR TO, DIR TO ABEAM, or DIR TO/INTERCEPT. The active leg then goes from the
present position (T/P) to the waypoint selected or inserted as the new “TO” waypoint.
2. Lateral revisions that lead to a temporary flight plan (TMPY) before they take effect:
The flight crew creates a temporary flight plan, then inserts it as a revision to the active flight plan.
The flight crew does this when selecting, deleting, or modifying several waypoints of an airway or
procedure at once (SID, STAR, HOLD, TAKEOFF or LANDING RWY). This modification is made
on specific “LAT REV” pages from the flight plan page.
A temporary flight plan is displayed for a check and/or new modification. Inserting the temporary
revision will modify the active flight plan.
FMS2 HONEYWELL
GENERAL
The lateral revision function allows the pilot to create or modify the following parts of the flight plan:
‐ Airway
‐ Waypoint
‐ New destination
‐ Holding pattern
‐ Offset
‐ Alternate
‐ Fix information
Each time the pilot activates one of the above-listed revisions, he accesses a temporary flight plan
that enables the modification to be checked before inserting it in the active flight plan. The crew
selects these functions by pressing the left keys on F-PLN A or B.
‐ Direct to and overfly functions are accessed via the MCDU keys. No temporary flight plan is
created with these functions.
‐ “Update at” capability is a specific function that manually updates the FM position. It does not .use
a temporary flight plan, but the pilot must confirm its insertion before it is activated.
When a pilot makes a lateral revision to the F-PLN, the FMGS creates a temporary flight plan. This is
a copy of the active F-PLN, but is corrected by the lateral revision in progress.
The aircraft continues to follow the active F-PLN, until the temporary revision is inserted.
The revision appears in yellow font on both MCDUs and NDs.
‐ Lateral and vertical revisions cannot be made to a temporary F-PLN.
‐ Only one temporary F-PLN may be accessed at a time.
‐ The “DIRECT TO” function, when used, erases a temporary F-PLN.
‐ When a DIR TO is in process, a temporary revision cannot be displayed on the other MCDU.
‐ A TMPY F-PLN changes the title of the flight plan pages. (TMPY appears in all titles).
‐ No predictions are computed for a temporary flight plan (dashes are displayed).
Temporary data is displayed in yellow (ND and MCDU). Once inserted, it becomes active and is
displayed in green.
GENERAL
In the active flight plan, the pilot can insert up to 5 successive airway segments, going from a
revised waypoint or ending at a given waypoint of the flight plan.
INSERTING A WAYPOINT
GENERAL
Waypoints can be inserted in two ways:
‐ Directly into the flight plan. All modifications go directly into the active flight plan. No temporary
flight plan is created.
‐ By means of a lateral revision at the “NEXT WAYPOINT”, a process that creates a temporary
flight plan.
The second method enables the temporary flight plan to be checked before it is inserted.
WAYPOINT IDENTIFICATION
The pilot can identify a waypoint by:
‐ Its identifier (if it is in the navigation database).
‐ A Latitude/Longitude (LL).
‐ A Place/Bearing/Distance (PBD). The waypoint is defined by its bearing and distance from a
place.
‐ A Place-Bearing/Place-Bearing (PBX). The waypoint is defined by the interception of 2 radials
from 2 places.
‐ A Place/Distance (PD). The waypoint is defined by a distance from a place, along the F-PLN.
Note: If a slash or a dash is not entered properly, the MCDU displays a “FORMAT ERROR”
message.
When the Flight Management Guidance System receives a waypoint that is not in the database,
it identifies it as LLxx or PBD xx or PBX xx or PD xx (xx is a two-digit number between 01 and 20)
and stores it in the stored waypoints file of the database.
Note: When NAV mode is engaged, the crew cannot modify the “TO” waypoint (active leg)
using the waypoint insertion function. If the crew wants to modify it, the DIR TO function
will be used.
WRITE the latitude (NXX, XXN, SXX or XXS), the required increment in degrees between the
successive waypoints, and the number of required waypoints.
(Example: The pilot wants to obtain 3 points, every degree from latitude N46: He enters N46/1/3).
FIX INFO
GENERAL
When using the FIX INFO function, the flight crew defines waypoint intersections of the flight plan
with radials, circle or abeam associated to a fix.
When the flight crew inserts the intersection points, the system automatically identifies these
points, but does not store them in the navigation database.
WRITE the reference fix identifier into the scratchpad (here POI), and ENTER it [1L].
It may be any database or pilot-defined fix.
WRITE the radial into the scratchpad (here 120 °) and ENTER it [ 2L ].
The defined radial appears as a blue dashed line on the ND.
If the radial line intersects the active flight plan, the system computes the time, distance to go, and
the altitude at the intersection point.
Up to two radials can be entered.
SELECT the required radial to insert the associated waypoint into the flight plan (if needed):
The system automatically assigns its IDENT as the three first characters of the reference fix
IDENT, followed by the radial. (Example: ABC 140). The blue dashed line disappears from the ND.
WRITE the reference fix identifier into the scratchpad (here POI), and ENTER it [1L].
WRITE the circle radius in the scratchpad (here 20 nm), and ENTER it [ 4L ]:
The defined circle appears as a blue dashed circle on the ND. If the circle intersects the active
flight plan, the system computes the time, along path distance to go and altitude at the first
intersection point from the current aircraft position.
SELECT the required radius to insert the associated waypoint into the flight plan (if needed).
The system automatically assigns its IDENT as a D, followed by the radius, and followed by the
three first characters of the reference fix IDENT (example D020 POI). The blue dashed circle
disappears from the ND.
WRITE the reference fix identifier into the scratchpad (here POI), and ENTER it [1L]
SELECT the ABEAM prompt [ 5L ]:
A blue dashed line from the reference fix and perpendicular to the flight plan appears on the
ND. The system computes the radial, time, distance to go, altitude and predictions related to the
waypoint abeam the reference fix.
SELECT [ 5L ] to insert the abeam intercept waypoint into the flight plan (if needed):
The system automatically assigns its identifier as AB, followed by the first five characters of the
reference fix identifier (Example ABXYZ). The blue dashed line disappears from the ND.
The pilot may define a new destination and insert it via the lateral revision page. The pilot may then
call up the new destination from any waypoint along the flight plan, except the FROM waypoint, the
destination, and the missed-approach waypoint. When the new destination has been inserted, a flight
plan discontinuity appears between the revision waypoint and the new destination. All waypoints
beyond the revision waypoint (including the previous destination and associated missed approach)
are deleted.
HOLDING PATTERN
GENERAL
This section describes holding patterns, associated guidance and flight crew procedures.
The Flight Management and Guidance Computer (FMGC) has three types of holding patterns that
the pilot can use in a flight plan.
DATABASE HOLD
If the holding pattern is part of the database, it is named DATABASE HOLD and all its
associated data (inbound course, turn direction, time/distance) are defined in the database. The
flight crew can modify this data.
COMPUTED HOLD AT...
If the holding pattern is not in the database, the FMGC designs a holding pattern and proposes
it to the pilot. The associated data consists of default values that the pilot can modify.
HOLD AT...
If the pilot inserts into the active flight plan a holding pattern that is manually-corrected from
a hold defined by the FMGS, the screen displays a “HOLD AT...” page. The 2R field displays
REVERT TO DATABASE or REVERT TO COMPUTED to restore the database data, if
necessary.
PREDICTIONS AND GUIDANCE ASSOCIATED WITH A HM HOLDING PATTERN (HOLD WITH
MANUAL TERMINATION)
Before deceleration
If an altitude constraint is defined at the hold entry fix, then the FMS duplicates this constraint
on the hold exit.
However, different constraints may be inserted at entry and exit fixes.
Although the hold is inserted into the flight plan, the FMGS does not take it into account for
predictions until the aircraft enters the hold.
However, if the hold is not deleted by the crew, the FMGS schedules a deceleration point and
displays it on the ND.
The FMGS predicts the estimated time and amount of fuel remaining at which the aircraft
must exit holding, so as to comply with the fuel policy specified on the fuel prediction page.
When the aircraft enters the holding pattern, the FMGS revises all predictions and assumes
the aircraft will fly one turn of the holding pattern.
All predictions are revised for one more holding circuit at holding fix overfly.
Deceleration receives priority, so that when the aircraft is in descent with the descent mode
engaged, it will deviate above the descent path to decelerate. (VDEV becomes positive on
the progress page).
The flight plan page displays an immediate exit prompt.
If the flight crew presses the key next to “IMM EXIT” before arriving at the holding fix, the
aircraft will not enter the holding pattern, but will resume its phase-related managed-speed
profile.
Note: If the leg the aircraft is flying toward the holding fix is on a “limit” between a teardrop
entry and a parallel entry, the FMGC may compute and display either of the two
entries. The pilot should keep this in mind and should not assume that the FMGC is
malfunctioning.
If the flight plan leg toward the hold entry fix is on a course that is the reciprocal of
the inbound course of the holding pattern, the aircraft will fly a parallel entry.
OFFSET
GENERAL
Offset allows the flight crew to define on offset of the active flight plan. The offset can be
immediate or deferred to start on a downstream leg. The offset will end by default or at a
pre-planned end waypoint. Additionally, the flight crew can specify the intercept angle used for the
transitions to and from the offset path.
In most cases, the pilot will use it enroute because of an ATC clearance, or to avoid bad weather
expected along the flight plan route.
This page is accessed from LAT REV page at the FROM waypoint or at any waypoint downpath
the flight plan, except the destination airport.
After inserting the offset in the flight plan, the flight plan page shows OFST in its title, left or right
arrows are displayed on every label line between the start and end waypoints of the offset, and the
navigation display shows the offset flight plan with a solid green line and the original flight plan with
a dashed green line.
The offset is cleared:
‐ Automatically (holding pattern, approach), or
‐ Manually with the clear (CLR) key, or by entering “o” in the offset value field [ 1L ] or by using
the delete prompt in the OFFSET page.
Note: If the pilot enters an OFFSET when the aircraft is too close to the TO waypoint, the
FMGS may refuse to accept it, in which case the MCDU displays the “ENTRY OUT OF
RANGE” message.
INSERTING AN OFFSET
SELECT LAT REV page at a waypoint.
SELECT OFFSET function by pressing [ 2L ].
WRITE the required offset value and direction (for example, L5 or 5L), and enter it into [ 1L ] field.
CHECK or INSERT the START WPT from the list in [ 3L ] - [ 5L ] fields or manually enter it.
CHECK or ENTER the INTCP ANGLE in [ 1R ] field.
CHECK OR INSERT the END WPT from the list in [ 3R ] - [ 5R ] fields or manually enter it.
PRESS INSERT in [ 6R ] field to activate the OFFSET.
ALTERNATE FUNCTION
GENERAL
The ALTERNATE FUNCTION performs two actions:
‐ It reviews and defines alternate airports and inserts them into the flight plan.
‐ It allows a diversion to be activated through the ENABLE ALTN command.
The ALTERNATE page shows the track and distance (airway or direct) between destination and
alternate, as well as fuel management data (EXTRA fuel, assuming the associated airfield is the
alternate airport). This data will help the pilot change the preferred alternate, if necessary.
Access the ALTERNATE page through the ALTN prompt on the LAT REV page at destination.
Alternate airfields are attached to the destination.
ENTERING NEW ALTERNATE INTO THE F-PLN
If the preferred alternate is unsuitable, proceed as follows:
SELECT F-PLN key on MCDU.
SELECT LAT REV at destination.
SELECT ALTN [5L].
SELECT an AIRFIELD IDENTIFIER.
INSERT the temporary flight plan.
Note: If weather and destination airfield conditions permit, you may select “NO ALTN”.
Fuel predictions will be computed without alternate fuel.
The pilot may enter a distance in the OTHER ALTN field. The system will compute the extra fuel
and the track for this distance.
PREDICTED DATA FOR ALTERNATE
Data predictions are based on:
‐ Aircraft weight being equal to landing weight at primary destination.
‐ Flight at FL 100 if the alternate F-PLN length is less than 100 nm , at FL 220 if the alternate
F-PLN length is comprised between 100 and 200 nm , or else at FL 310.
‐ Cost index 0.
‐ Constant wind (as entered in the alternate field of the DES WIND page).
‐ Constant delta ISA (equal to delta ISA at primary destination).
‐ The along flight path distance from the destination to the alternate airport. If the flight crew
enters an ALTN fuel value, this value is the one taken into account.
ENABLE ALTN
This enables the pilot to initiate a diversion by entering the alternate flight plan just after the revision
waypoint (with a discontinuity).
The pilot may have to adjust the resulting flight plan (use “direct to”, or add or suppress waypoints),
depending on the circumstances.
When ENABLE ALT is pressed at ABE, a flight plan discontinuity is created from ABE down to
destination and the alternate route is linked to the active flight plan.
GENERAL
The pilot uses the “Direct To” function to define a direct leg from the present position to any
waypoint on the active flight plan or to any waypoint.
The designated waypoint may be entered by its identifier (if it is stored in the database) or by a
latitude/longitude, place/bearing/distance, or a place-bearing/place-bearing.
Note: If the autopilot or flight director is in the heading/track or localizer mode, the “DIR TO”
function engages the NAV mode.
Three functions are available through the DIR TO key:
‐ The DIR TO defines a direct leg from the present position to a specified waypoint.
NAV mode engages simultaneously to the DIR TO selection.
When the pilot uses DIR TO, the present position (PPOS) becomes the “FROM” waypoint and
the active flight plan shows it as the T-P (turn point).
‐ The DIR TO/ABEAM function, defines the abeam waypoints along the direct leg. These
waypoints are the projection on the direct leg of the initial F-PLN waypoints located between the
aircraft position and the specified waypoint.
NAV mode engages simultaneously to the DIR TO/ABEAM selection.
‐ The DIR TO/INTCPT function allows the definition of a specified RADIAL INBOUND or
OUTBOUND at an inserted waypoint. The current aircraft track is used to compute the INTCPT
point with the specified radial.
NAV mode is armed simultaneously to the DIR TO/INTCPT selection.
The ND displays the DIR TO leg as a temporary flight plan leg between current aircraft position
and specified waypoint. In case of a DIR TO/INTCPT, the leg is not displayed when the angle
between the current aircraft track and the intercept radial exceeds 160 °.
CASE 2. THE “TO” WAYPOINT DOES NOT BELONG TO THE FLIGHT PLAN
Example : Direct to ABC (ABC being an ident, LL or PBD or PBX (Place/Bearing-Place/Bearing)
PRESS the DIR key.
WRITE the waypoint identifier (e.g. ABC) into the scratchpad.
PRESS [1 L] to enter “ABC” in the “DIR TO” field.
Clear the discontinuity and the waypoints that are not included in the new flight plan.
‐ When the pilot encounters a flight plan discontinuity, or if a major reset occurs, the flight plan
page displays “PPOS - F-PLAN DISCONTINUITY”, and the pilot looses managed guidance in
both the lateral and vertical plans.
The autopilot or flight director reverts to the basic HDG V/S (or TRK FPA) modes. Predictions
remain available and are based on the assumption that the aircraft will fly a direct leg from its
present position to the next waypoint.
‐ In both of these cases, the only way to get back to a standard flight plan is to perform a
“DIR TO” to a designated waypoint.
‐ Following a DIR TO, the message “MAP PARTLY DISPLAYED” may appear on the NDs, if the
new flight plan includes a very long leg (Refer to DSC-31-45 Flags and Messages Displayed on
ND). When this message comes up, enter an intermediate waypoint to shorten the leg.
Note: During cruise, the DIR TO function is not available as long as uplink wind data, received
through ACARS , is not inserted or cancelled on the CRUISE WIND page.
Note: 1. If, between two waypoints projected on the direct leg, there was a discontinuity in the
original flight plan, this discontinuity disappears between the corresponding abeam
points on the direct leg.
2. . Abeam waypoints computed from latitude/longitude-type waypoints are renamed by
the system as “AB XXXXX”, where “xxxxx” is an abbreviation in 5 characters, of the
latitude and longitude of the initial waypoints.
The overfly key programs the Flight Management Guidance Computer to fly over a specific waypoint
or NAVAID. To use it:
PRESS the “OVFY” key.
A “Δ” appears in the scratchpad.
INSERT it by pressing the key adjacent to the waypoint to be overflown. [3L] in this example.
The pilot cannot cancel the overfly program. If you do not want to fly over the point you have entered,
use DIR TO (direct to) the next waypoint or engage the heading mode, whichever is more suitable.
The overfly function allows you to fly over a specific waypoint, and return the aircraft to the great
circle track.
"UPDATE AT"
To manually change the position computed by the FMGC (FM position and bias), the pilot uses
“UPDATE AT” on the progress page.
Use this facility with extreme caution: It is apt to be inaccurate, because it relies on the pilot's
estimation of when a designated position has been reached.
WRITE the ident for the NAVAID (or waypoint or airport), or the coordinates, or the PBD or PBX
(Place/Bearing-Place/Bearing) at which the update is intended.
PRESS [3L] to enter the ident in the “UPDATE AT” field. The coordinates of the point, along with its
identifier (or “ENTRY”, if the identifier is not in the database), appear in that field.
PRESS [3R] to activate the update, when you estimate that you are at the position.
Note: The system reinitializes the Estimated Position Error computation when a position update
is performed. This may lead to the appearance of a “NAV ACCUR DOWNGRAD” or “NAV
ACCUR UPGRAD” message.
If the “UPDATE AT” does not properly take effect, it corrupts the FM position.
‐ In an area with good radio NAVAID coverage:
• If the update error is small, subsequent radio position updating will correct the FM position.
• If the update error is large, the system will reject any radio updating because its internal
“reasonableness test” will reject the various NAVAIDs. Thus, the FM position will only be the
MIX IRS position corrected by the position bias, determined at the time of the update, and the
error will be maintained.
‐ In an area without proper NAVAID coverage, radio position updating will not be available and the
FM position, if incorrect, will remain incorrect until a new manual update is performed.
‐ Therefore, the pilot should only use “UPDATE AT” in case of a major position problem, such as:
• On the ground, no flight plan appears on the navigation display and ARC/ROSE NAV mode is
selected.
• A “CHECK IRS/FM POSITION” message appears on the MCDU.
• A “FM/IR POSITION DISAGREE” message appears on the ECAM.
When GPS PRIMARY is operative, the FM position will always converge towards the GPS position at
a rate depending on the aircraft altitude. Therefore, when GPS PRIMARY is operative, an inaccurate
“update at” will have a temporary effect on the FM position.
General
GENERAL
The vertical flight plan is divided into the following flight phases:
Preflight - Takeoff - Climb - Cruise - Descent - Approach - Go-Around - Done.
All but “Preflight” and “Done” phases are associated with speed and altitude profiles.
Each phase has an assigned profile of target speeds. For each phase the FMGS computes an
optimum (ECON) speed as a function of the strategic parameters (CI, CRZ FL, ZFW, ZFWCG, block
FUEL) and performance criteria.
ECON speed is the basis of the managed speed profile.
The ECON speed can be modified by:
‐ Presetting a speed or Mach number on the MCDU (PERF page) for the next phase
‐ Selecting on the FCU a speed or a Mach number for the active phase
‐ Inserting speed constraints or speed limits on the MCDU vertical revision (VERT REV) page.
The vertical flight plan includes vertical constraints (altitude, speed, time) that may be stored in the
data base or entered manually by the flight crew through vertical revision pages.
The flight crew may also define step climbs or step descents for cruise purposes. If the flight crew
plans to climb to a higher flight level or descend to a lower level, they can use a vertical revision at
any waypoint to insert the new level.
When all the vertical data has been defined, the FMGC computes the vertical profile and the
managed speed/Mach profile from takeoff to landing.
DATA ENTRY
The vertical flight plan provides the FMGS with all the data required to calculate performance and
predictions. This data is either entered by the flight crew or calculated by the FMS.
There are three categories of data:
‐ Strategic data, that applies to the overall flight profile:
• Cost Index (CI)
• Cruise Flight Level (CRZ FL) and STEP ALTS if any
• Zero-Fuel Weight (ZFW)
• Zero-Fuel Weight Center of Gravity (ZFWCG)
• Block Fuel.
‐ Weather data:
• Winds (for climb, cruise, descent, approach)
• Sea level atmospheric pressure (QNH) at destination
• Surface temperature (TEMP) at destination
• Temperature in cruise phase
• The Tropopause altitude (TROPO).
‐ Tactical data for the flight phases:
• Phase switching conditions:
▪ Setting of the thrust levers to TOGA or FLEX positions
▪ Reaching acceleration altitude (ACCEL ALT)
▪ Entering cruise (T/C)
▪ Initiation of descent (T/D)
▪ Passing a deceleration pseudo waypoint (DECEL PSEUDO WPT)
▪ Touchdown.
• Speed profile:
▪ V2
▪ Economy climb speed or Mach (ECON CLB SPD/MACH)
▪ Preselected speed or Mach (SPD/MACH PRESELECTION)
▪ Economy cruise Mach (ECON CRZ MACH)
▪ Constant Mach
▪ Economy descent Mach or speed (ECON DES MACH/SPD)
▪ Approach speed (VAPP).
• Vertical limitations:
▪ Speed limits (SPD LIMIT)
▪ Speed and altitude constraints (SPD AND ALT CSTR)
▪ Time constraints or Required Time of Arrival (RTA).
In addition to the data entered by the flight crew, the FMS uses some real flight data parameters
(CRZ SAT, actual wind) to improve the accuracy of the computed predictions.
FLIGHT PHASES
The vertical flight plan is divided into flight phases. For each phase, the FMGS computes the
optimum speed or Mach Profile. These flight phases are:
Preflight - Takeoff - Climb - Cruise - Descent - Approach - Go-Around - Done.
SWITCHING CONDITIONS
FLIGHT PHASES OPTIMUM SPEED PROFILE
TO NEXT PHASE
PREFLIGHT / SRS takeoff mode engaged and N1 >
85 %(EPR ≥ 1.25) or Ground Speed >90 kt
TAKEOFF V2 At acceleration altitude or by engagement of
(V2 + 10) another vertical mode.
CLIMB ECON CLB SPD / MACH Reaching cruise FL
CRUISE ECON CRZ MACH No step descent, and distance to destination
< 200 nm, or all engines operative and
selected altitude below Max [FL 200,
highest DES ALT CSTR]
DESCENT ECON DES MACH / SPD
‐ Overflying (DECEL) pseudo waypoint
with NAV (or LOC*/LOC) mode engaged
and altitude <9 500 ft AGL
‐ Manual activation of the approach phase.
APPROACH VAPP
1. To Go-Around: When thrust levers at
(GS Min)
TOGA detent, or
2. To Done: 30 s after landing, or
3. To Climb: When inserting a new CRZ FL.
GO-AROUND VAPP or current SPD,
1. To Approach: Manual activation of the
whichever is greater.
approach phase, or
Green Dot at ACC ALT
2. To Climb: Above acceleration altitude by
‐ Selecting ALTN, or
‐ inserting NEW DEST
DONE / To preflight: When INIT or PERF key
depressed.
Note: During the preflight phase, the flight crew inserts the flight plan, which includes all data
needed for the flight.
During the Done phase, the FMGC erases the data entered for the flight. If the descent
or the approach phase is inadvertently activated (manual approach phase activation, for
example), the flight crew may reselect a CRZ FL on the PROG page to reactivate the CRZ
phase.
VERTICAL REVISION
The flight crew enters speed, altitude and time constraint, either to comply with ATC requests and
specified procedures, or at the discretion of the flight crew, in response to operational variables.
SPEED LIMIT
A speed limit is associated with altitude as a maximum speed below a specified altitude (only one
in climb and one in descent).
ALTITUDE CONSTRAINT
Altitude constraints may be attached to specific waypoints in the climb, descent, or approach
phases.
To meet the altitude constraint, the aircraft must fly over the waypoint at an altitude equal, above
or below the altitude constraint as specified by the flight crew or the database.
An altitude constraint is considered as missed if the system predicts more than 250 ft of difference
between the constraint value and the predicted aircraft altitude.
Altitude constraints are observed in CLB or DES or APP NAV-FINAL modes.
Note: The database may contain an altitude constraint window (two altitudes between which
the aircraft must fly passing over a given waypoint), but the flight crew cannot enter such
a constraint manually.
SPEED CONSTRAINT
Speed constraints may be attached to specific waypoints in the climb, descent or approach
phases. To meet the speed constraint, the aircraft must fly over the waypoint with a speed equal or
less than the speed constraint.
A speed constraint is considered as missed if the system predicts an aircraft speed 10 kt greater
than the speed constraint.
Speed constraints are observed when NAV mode is engaged and speed target is managed.
Otherwise speed constraints are disregarded.
TIME CONSTRAINT
Time constraint may be attached to any waypoint except the "from" waypoint.
Note: No constraint can be associated with go-around waypoints.
FMS2 Honeywell
GENERAL
The vertical revision function allows the pilot to modify the following parts of the flight plan:
‐ Speed limit
‐ Speed and altitude constraints
‐ Time constraints
‐ Wind
‐ Step climb or step descent
‐ Constant Mach Segment
The pilot selects these functions by pressing the right key on flight plan A or B.
Note: This vertical functions section only describes the following three functions: Wind and time
constraints, and Constant Mach Segment.
For other vertical revision functions: Refer to the Systems Related Procedures section.
GENERAL
A Required Time of Arrival (RTA) is a time requirement to be met over a specified waypoint of the
lateral flight plan, including destination but excluding the origin and FROM waypoints. When the
predictions are available, the time constraint value is replaced by the predicted time at the related
waypoint, highlighted by a star (*):
‐ If the RTA is predicted as matched, the star (*) is in magenta.
‐ If the RTA is predicted as missed, the star (*) is in amber.
No specific symbol is provided on the ND.
A time constraint is cleared in the same way as any other constraints. If a time constraint is
automatically deleted. The MCDU displays an “RTA DELETED” message.
GENERAL
In order to receive the best predictions, the pilot must enter wind and temperature values for the
different phases and for the various waypoints of the cruise phase.
The system uses the temperature value at a given altitude, associated with the tropopause
entered on the INIT A page, to optimize the temperature profile.
Note: Wind can be automatically received (and inserted) through the ACARS system (Refer to
DSC-22_20-70 Wind Data - Request for Wind Data).
Once a CLIMB, CRZ, or DESCENT WIND is entered, the system ignores the TRIP WIND.
Once temperature and winds are inserted, the FMGS computes the ISA profile, and the F-PLN B
page displays the forescast wind profile (by linear interpolation and propagation).
Entering a new altitude, over an existing altitude, replaces that existing altitude at all cruise
waypoints. Any winds entered at the overwritten altitude are lost at all cruise waypoints.
ENTERING THE HISTORY WIND (F-PLN INITIALIZATION)
The pilot may insert the history wind, but cannot modify this page.
If convenient, PRESS the (6R) prompt to insert. After insertion, the [6R] prompt is suppressed,
but the page still displays the wind values for information.
ENTERING THE CLIMB WIND (F-PLN INITIALIZATION)
If history winds are not convenient:
SELECT CLIMB WIND page from INIT A page or VERT REV page.
WRITE new winds into the scratchpad and ENTER.
Winds entered on the CLIMB, CRZ, and DESCENT WIND pages are always true north
referenced.
Tower wind, entered on PERF APPR page is magnetic-referenced.
The pilot can enter “GRND” in the altitude field for wind at destination.
CLIMB WIND cannot be modified when the climb phase is active.
At climb phase transition, wind data switches from blue to green, and any attempted
modification will trigger the “NOT ALLOWED” message.
The system extrapolates the highest wind entry to all higher levels.
The system interpolates winds between 2 entered levels.
The crew will modify the entered winds and temperatures in flight, if a significant difference is
expected (greater than 30 kt or 30 ° for the wind data and greater than 5 °C for the temperature).
The system propagates the pilot’s (or ACARS) wind and temperature entries downpath, until a
waypoint for which a different temperature or wind has been entered (for the same flight level), or
until the last cruise waypoint.
The forecast winds at a waypoint are determined as follows:
‐ If the predicted altitude at the waypoint matches an altitude defined in the CRZ WIND page, the
forecast wind, is the corresponding entered or propagated wind, displayed at that waypoint on
the CRZ WIND page.
‐ If the predicted altitude lies between two altitudes entered on the CRZ WIND page, the wind
direction and velocity are linearly interpolated.
‐ If the predicted altitude is above or below the set of cruise altitudes, the forecast wind is a
constant value extrapolated from the entered or propagated wind at the highest (or lowest)
altitude displayed on the CRZ WIND page for that point.
Once in flight, the FMGS considers the actual measured wind up to 200 nm ahead of the aircraft to
permanently update the wind profile. This updated wind profile is used to compute the predictions
and the performance data, but is not displayed to the crew.
The CRZ WIND pages display the propagated values in small blue font, and the pilot (or ACARS)
entries in large blue font.
Note: The CRZ WIND page displays ACARS or crew-entered or propagated data. It never
displays computed data (F-PLN B page only).
Example:
From the vertical revision page, or from the CRZ WIND page:
PRESS the WIND prompt.
SELECT the DESCENT WIND page.
ENTER up to 5 different “wind/altitude”.
When the winds have been entered, the F-PLN B page displays the forecasted wind profile at all
descent waypoints, using values it has interpolated from manual entries. Descent winds are not
modifiable when the descent, approach, or go-around phase is active. At descent phase transition,
wind data switches from blue to green, and any attempted modification will trigger the “NOT
ALLOWED” message.
GENERAL
The pilot can enter the start and end points of a constant Mach segment, and its associated Mach
number, from the VERT REV page.
Only one constant Mach segment may be defined in the active flight plan, and only one in the
secondary flight plan. No constant Mach segment can be defined in the alternate flight plan.
GENERAL
OPTIMIZATION
OPTIMUM TARGET SPEED FOR CLIMB, CRUISE AND DESCENT (ECON SPD/MACH)
The FMGS computes the optimum target speed (ECON SPD/MACH) as a function of:
‐ Cost index (CI)
‐ Cruise flight level (CRZ FL)
‐ Gross weight (GW)
‐ Wind and temperature models
‐ Performance factor.
The computer processes the ECON SPDs for the climb and descent phases before the initiation of
the flight phase, and freezes the values once the flight phase becomes active.
When there is no time or speed constraint/limit, ECON SPEED is the optimum speed for the
selected cost index. It refers to fuel and time cost and not directly to fuel saving.
The FM calculates ECON CLB, ECON DES and the associated top of climb and top of descent as
a function of cost index, cruise FL, and meteo data.
The computer continually updates ECON CRUISE MACH (SPD), taking into account current
weather conditions and modifications to the flight plan.
The active mode field changes from MANAGED to SELECTED, and the FM will use the entered
speed for climb predictions computation.
The flight crew can revert to managed mode by pressing the 3L key.
PRESET TARGET SPEED/MACH FOR DES PHASE
The flight crew can change the speed and/or Mach displayed in the MANAGED field by inserting
a speed and/or Mach in the MANAGED field.
Although the entered speed is chosen by the flight crew, the FMGS uses it to compute the
descent flight path and top of descent. It is therefore part of the managed descent profile.
The flight crew can revert to the optimum speed/Mach by clearing the 3L field.
OPTIMUM FLIGHT LEVEL
The optimum flight level (OPT FL) indicates the most economic flight level for a given cost index,
weight, weather data. It is continuously updated in flight. It requires a 5 min minimum cruise time,
at a minimum cruise flight level of FL 100.
The OPT FL is a compromise between fuel and time saving. As a result, the flight crew may
observe jumps in OPT FL due to GW, ISA, or wind changes. The computation of the OPT FL
considers the wind entries made at the different altitudes (normally at the different CRZ FL).
When flying the subsequent CRZ FL, the OPT FL proposed by the PROG page may be affected
by the wind entries made at the previous CRZ FL; these winds are automatically propagated and
may be significantly different from the actual winds.
Note: For simplification purposes, the FCOM/QRH gives the OPT FL at a given Mach number.
It does not consider the cost index, therefore the FMGS and the FCOM/QRH values are
different.
FM displays OPT FL on the PROG page. The PROG page displays dashes for this quantity when
the system detects an engine-out condition.
The computer calculates the descent profile before the descent phase is initiated, taking into
account:
‐ All lateral and vertical flight plan data
‐ The descent and approach winds, as inserted into the DESCENT WIND page and PERF APPR
page, and the required maximum cabin rate of descent.
During descent, the descent profile is updated only if the flight plan is modified, or if data for the
APPR phase (WIND, VAPP, or LDG CONF) are changed.
The cost index is a fundamental input for the ECON SPEED or ECON MACH computation. ECON
SPEED and ECON MACH reduce the total flight cost in terms of flight time and fuel consumption
(and not only in terms of fuel saving).
CI is the ratio of flight time cost (CT) to fuel cost (CF).
CI = CT/CF (kg/min or 100 lb/h).
CI = 0 corresponds to minimum fuel consumption (Max Range).
CI = 999 corresponds to minimum time.
CI = Long Range Cruise (Refer to PRO-NOR-SRP-01-50 Preparation for Descent and Approach -
Cost Index for Long-Range Cruise).
Note: The airline's operations department usually defines the cost index, to optimize each
company route. The flight crew does not ordinarily modify the cost index during a flight.
GENERAL
The FMGC computes predictions for the primary and secondary flight plans and displays them on
the Multipurpose Control and Display Units (MCDUs), and on the navigation display (ND) of the
Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS).
The computations use the current state of the aircraft (GW, CG, position, altitude, speed, engaged
mode of the autopilot or flight director, time, wind, temperature) for the active flight plan.
The computations use data entered by the flight crew for the secondary flight plan when it is not a
copy of the active flight plan. When the secondary flight plan is a copy of the active flight plan, it uses
the same data.
The predictions displayed on the MCDU assume that the FMGS will guide the aircraft along the
preplanned lateral and vertical flight plans.
The predictions displayed on the ND assume that the aircraft will continue to operate in the modes
(selected or managed) that are currently active.
As long as the aircraft is flying the flight plan under managed guidance, the predictions on the MCDU
will match those on the ND.
If the flight crew does not fly the flight plan, the MCDU predictions assume that:
‐ The flight crew will fly back towards the flight-planned route
‐ The flight crew will immediately resume flying the FMGC managed modes.
If the flight crew does not fly the managed speed profile, the MCDU predictions assume that they will
maintain the selected speed until they reach:
‐ In the climb or descent phase, the next speed limit or speed constraint if any, or next phase
‐ In cruise, the top of descent.
Then, the predictions assume that the flight crew will revert to managed speed.
COMPUTATION OF PREDICTIONS
The system calculates various predictions for the active flight plan and updates them continually
during flight as functions of:
‐ Revisions to the lateral and vertical flight plans
‐ Cost index
‐ Current winds and temperature
‐ Present position versus lateral and vertical flight plans
‐ Current guidance modes
‐ Speed control (managed/selected).
The MCDU and the ND show these predictions, each of which is based on specific assumptions.
Note: During computation, prediction fields on the MCDU pages display dashes.
These predictions consist of symbols positioned along the lateral flight plan (NAV mode engaged)
or the track line (NAV mode not engaged). These symbols (named as pseudo waypoints) and their
meanings are:
Pseudo waypoint Definition
Level symbol at the position (top of climb or level-off) where the aircraft will reach:
‐ The FCU selected altitude (blue) or
‐ The constrained altitude, if it is more restrictive than the FCU altitude and if appropriate modes
are engaged (magenta).
The predicted time of arrival at the TO WPT is located in the upper right-hand corner of the ND. It
assumes direct distance from the aircraft position to the TO WPT and assumes current ground speed
will be constant.
As a general rule, the ND indicates what the aircraft will fly, with the current active FG modes.
For example:
‐ The continuous green line on the ND represents the track the aircraft is currently flying:
• If HDG/TRK is engaged, the track line is green and the flight plan is dashed
• If NAV mode is engaged, the green line is the flight plan.
‐ If the speed target is manually selected, the speed-change symbol is no longer displayed because
it will not be taken into account.
‐ When the aircraft is not following the vertical flight plan (OP CLB, OP DES, V/S) but the NAV
mode is engaged, the system disregards any altitude constraints and puts white circles around the
waypoints that have these constraints and positions level symbols accordingly.
‐ Pseudo waypoints are adjusted each time predictions are updated.
The predictions displayed on the MCDU assume that AP (or FD order) is controlling the aircraft and
flying it along the preplanned lateral and vertical flight plan.
Therefore:
‐ If the aircraft is guided along the flight plan (managed guidance), the MCDU predictions
correspond exactly to what the aircraft is doing
‐ If the aircraft is not guided along the flight plan (selected guidance), the MCDU predictions assume
that it will return immediately to the flight plan, intercepting at a predetermined angle, and will then
proceed under managed guidance
‐ If the aircraft does not fly the managed speed profile (ECON, SPD CSTR...), the MCDU
predictions assume that it will remain at the present selected speed/Mach until it reaches the next
SPD CSTR or SPD LIM or enters the next flight phase.
Note: For secondary flight plan predictions, Refer to DSC-22_20-60-50 Secondary Flight Plan.
TYPE OF PREDICTIONS
MCDU PAGE
Pseudo waypoints: T/C, T/D, S/C, S/D, I/P, SPD LIM, DECEL F-PLN A and B
TIME/SPD/ALT at each WPT and pseudo-WPT F-PLN A
ETA/DIST TO DEST along F-PLN/EFOB at destination F-PLN A and B
EFOB/T-WIND at each WPT and pseudo-WPT F-PLN B
Constraint symbol * at each constrained WPT (TIME/SPD/ALT) F-PLN A and B
Altitude error in case of missed ALT constraint VERT REV
EFOB/EXTRA FUEL at each WPT VERT REV
TIME/EFOB at destination FUEL PRED/PERF
CLB/CRZ/DES
TIME/DIST to a selected altitude PERF CLB or DES
Fuel prediction prior engine start INIT B
REC MAX FL PROG
TIME/EFOB at Alternate FUEL PRED
Continued on the following page
When a time speed or an altitude constraint is part of the vertical flight plan, it appears on the F-PLN
A page only at the time of insertion, or when predictions are not yet available.
Once available, the time speed and altitude predictions are displayed for all F-PLN waypoints: when
a speed or an altitude constraint is at a waypoint, a star symbol appears adjacent to the speed or
altitude prediction. If the star is magenta, the constraint is predicted to be matched. If the star is
amber, the constraint is predicted to be missed.
Note: If an altitude constraint is predicted as missed, the system tells you what will be the error at
the specific waypoint.
VERTICAL DEVIATION
During descent, the system indicates to the flight crew the vertical deviation from the computed
descent profile (PFD and MCDU) and predicts where the flight crew can rejoin it.
VDEV on the PFD and PROG page, predictions on the MCDU F-PLN page, symbols on the ND,
enable assess to the vertical position versus the computed flight profile.
The flight crew must properly update the flight plan data during the flight, in order to obtain accurate
and meaningful predictions.
The flight crew should rely on the ND for short-term predictions. It indicates what the aircraft will do
under the currently engaged modes (selected or managed).
The flight crew should rely on the MCDU for long-term predictions, when managed guidance is active
or about to be reengaged.
OTHER COMPUTATIONS
ENGINE-OUT CASE
The FMGS computes an engine-out target speed for each flight phase. It computes an engine-out
maximum altitude at long-range cruise speed, and displays it on the PROG page.
The new speed target becomes Green Dot in climb, and EO CRZ SPD in cruise.
The system computes the flight plan predictions down to the primary destination. If the aircraft
is above EO MAX ALT, the predictions are computed, assuming that a drift down descent will
immediately be performed to reach EO MAX ALT.
RETURN-TO-TRAJECTORY ASSUMPTIONS
If the aircraft is not on the lateral flight plan, predictions assume an immediate return to the active
lateral leg with a 45 ° convergence angle, or that it will fly directly to the “TO” waypoint, when the
required convergence angle is greater than 45 °.
ENERGY CIRCLE
The energy circle is a green arc, centered on the aircraft’s position and oriented towards the
current track line. It is displayed on the NDs during descent, when HDG or TRK mode is selected. It
represents the required distance to land from the aircraft’s position down to airport elevation at VAPP
speed, considering all speed constraints on the vertical profile.
The FMGS contains a performance database to compute the predictions and the performance
data. This performance database has a model of several aircraft configurations (aircraft type/engine
model) to tune the performance and the FMGS predictions. For some aircraft configurations, the
model can differ from the real aircraft performance. In these cases, the FMGS has to correct the
computation of the performance and the predictions. This is the aim of PERF and IDLE factors.
With time, the real aircraft drag and engine performance can deviate from the nominal model.
The airline Flight Operations should periodically revise the value of these factors to adapt FMGS
predictions to actual aircraft performance.
Note: The IDLE factor is not available on aircraft with FMS1 Honeywell Legacy.
PERF FACTOR
GENERAL
The FMGS uses the PERF factor to correct the predicted fuel flow that is used for the computation
of the fuel predictions.
The PERF factor modifies the predicted fuel flow, according to the following formula:
IDLE FACTOR
GENERAL
The FMGS uses the IDLE factor to adjust the computation of the vertical profile during the descent
phase (IDLE segment).
The FMGS computes the vertical profile and the predictions from the Top of Descent (T/D) to the
first altitude constraint with the following assumptions:
‐ The aircraft has a given thrust
‐ The aircraft has a given speed (within the speed target range).
The IDLE Factor adjusts the value of the given thrust by an addition of a delta (DELTA) thrust to
IDLE thrust. With this additional thrust, the IDLE Factor gives flexibility to maintain the aircraft on
the computed vertical profile in case of external perturbations such windy conditions (previously
entered by the flight crew in WIND pages).
Depending on the IDLE factor value, the FMGS modifies the position of the T/D and computes a
vertical profile in function of the given thrust (IDLE + DELTA).
Therefore, the IDLE factor has a direct impact on:
‐ The computation of vertical profile
‐ The capability of the aircraft to maintain the vertical profile.
The following graph provides an example (average values) of the IDLE factor's effect on descent
length:
IMPACT ON GUIDANCE
In DES mode, the FMGS maintains the aircraft on the vertical profile and keeps the IAS within the
speed target range.
If the aircraft deviates above the profile, the IAS will increase to return to the vertical profile.
When the aircraft returns to the descent profile, the IAS will decrease to the target speed.
PROCEDURE TO MODIFY THE PERF AND IDLE FACTORS (ON GROUND ONLY)
‐ PRESS the MCDU DATA key and then the A/C STATUS prompt in order to access the A/C
STATUS page
‐ For aircraft with FMS2 Honeywell or Thales:
• ENTER the change code in the CHG CODE field.
The default value for this code is “ARM” but it is possible to modify it on airline request.
The applicable code is then coded in the Airline Modifiable Information (AMI).
When a valid change code is entered, the IDLE and PERF factors are displayed in blue.
• ENTER the new IDLE and PERF factors in the MCDU scratchpad separated by a "/".
For example: "-2/+1"
• PRESS the corresponding key to insert the new IDLE and PERF factors.
The new IDLE and PERF factors are displayed in large blue font.
Note: Only authorized personnel should take the responsibility to update the IDLE and PERF
factor values.
‐ For aircraft with FMS1 Honeywell Legacy:
• ENTER the new PERF factor in the MCDU scratchpad.
• PRESS the corresponding key to insert the new PERF factor.
The new PERF factor is displayed in large blue font.
Note: 1. Only authorized personnel should take the responsibility to update the PERF factor
value.
2. The IDLE Factor is not available on aircraft with FMS1 Honeywell Legacy.
FMS2 Honeywell
GENERAL
The Flight Management and Guidance System (FMGS) displays information on various “pages”.
When a page cannot display all of the assigned information, it cues the pilot to call up additional
information. There are three types of pages, and each type has its particular way of cuing the pilot to
call up additional information.
FIRST TYPE
When this page cannot simultaneously display all the information on the screen (more information
than the six pairs of lines can hold), the pilot can scroll the page up or down.
In this case, the screen displays a ↑↓ symbol in the bottom righthand corner (F-PLN pages,
secondary F-PLN page, departure/arrival pages,...).
SECOND TYPE
When the information is on successive pages, the pilot presses the “NEXT PAGE” key to
sequentially call up these pages.
In this case, an arrow is displayed in the top righthand corner of the screen (INIT pages).
THIRD TYPE
When different types of information are on successive pages, the pilot calls up these pages by
pressing the key adjacent to the prompts >, < or *.
This page lists the various systems which the pilot can access via the MCDU.
The flight crew selects a system by pressing the key adjacent to the name of that system.
The name of the selected system is displayed in green, all others in white.
If the MCDU cannot establish communication with the selected system, it displays “OUT”.
When a system calls for the flight crew attention, the MCDU displays “REQ” next to the system’s
name, and the “MCDU MENU” annunciator lights up.
When the flight crew presses the key next to the name of the system requiring attention, the “MCDU
MENU” annunciator light goes out.
SELECT Pressing the [1R] key selects the NAV B/UP function and DESELECT
NAV B/UP NAV B/UP appears in the [1R] field.
If the NAV B/UP is inoperative, the field is blank.
INIT A PAGE
The flight crew uses the INIT A page to initialize the flight plan and align the inertial reference
system.
‐ The flight crew accesses to this page by pressing the INIT key on the MCDU. The INIT A page can
be accessed on ground or in flight.
‐ The flight crew may also call up this page by:
• Pressing the “NEXT PAGE” key on the MCDU console, while on the INIT B page, or
• Pressing the key next to “RETURN” or “INSERT” on the route selection page, or
• Pressing the key next to “INSERT” on the wind page.
‐ When in the done phase, the pilot may press the INIT key to switch to the next preflight phase.
[ 1L ] CO RTE If the flight crew enters a company route number, the screen displays all
data associated with that route (8 or 10 characters, depending on the pin
program).
Inserting the CO RTE into the RTE selection page also enters the CO RTE
number in this field.
[ 2L ] ALTN/CO RTE This field is dashed, until a primary destination is entered in the 1R field.
(blue) If a preferred alternate is associated with the primary destination, it is
displayed in this field with the company route identification. The crew may
manually enter an alternate and company route.
If preferred alternate is not associated with the primary destination, NONE
is displayed in this field.
When the alternate route and the primary destination do not match, the
MCDU scratchpad displays “DEST/ALTN MISMATCH”.
If the primary destination is changed, this field is modified accordingly.
[ 3L ] FLIGHT NUMBER The flight number automatically appears in this field, if it is stored with the
company route. The flight crew may modify it, or enter a new number here.
[ 5L ] COST INDEX This is usually stored in the database along with the company route.
The flight crew may modify it, or enter a new value here. It defaults to the
last entered value, if a value is not stored in the database.
[ 6L ] CRZ FL/TEMP The cruise flight level is usually stored in the database along with the
(cruise flight level and company route. If not, it has to be entered manually.
temperature) If no cruise flight level is entered, the system will not furnish predictions,
while the aircraft is on the ground.
The flight crew has to enter the temperature at cruise flight level in order to
refine the predictions. Otherwise, these are computed for ISA conditions.
(If no sign is entered, the system uses a plus).
[ 1R ] FROM/TO This field allows the pilot to enter a city pair (ICAO codes for city of origin
and destination).
This entry automatically deletes any previously entered company route
and calls up the route selection page. If one airfield of the pair is not in the
database, the display changes to the NEW RWY page.
[ 2R ] INIT REQUEST This prompt is displayed if the pilot did not enter an active flight plan
or entered a flight number or a company route that is not in the aircraft
database. Selecting this prompt sends the ground a request for active
flight plan initialization (downlink message). When the star is not
displayed, a downlink message cannot be sent.
The uplink flight plan is automatically inserted in the active flight plan, prior
to engine start, provided an active flight plan does not exist.
After engine start, the uplink flight plan is sent to the secondary flight plan
and manually inserted or rejected. (Refer to DSC-22_20-70 Flight Plan
Initialization Through ACARS).
[ 3R ] IRS INIT The flight crew presses this key to access the IRS INIT page.
[ 5R ] WIND The pilot presses this key in order to gain access to the climb wind page,
unless a temporary flight plan exists. In this case, the scratchpad displays
TEMPORARY F-PLN EXISTS.
[ 6R ] TROPO The default tropopause altitude is 36 090 ft. The pilot can use this field to
modify it (60 000 ft maximum).
This page displays all the company routes, stored in the database, that are associated with the
inserted city pair. They can be called up manually, or displayed automatically.
‐ Manually : The pilot presses the FROM/TO or ALTN key on the INIT A page when a city pair is
displayed.
‐ Automatically : The system displays it, when the pilot enters a city pair, or defines an alternate on
the INIT A page of the active or secondary flight plan.
TITLE Idents for the city pair inserted on the INIT A page.
(The numbers in the upper righthand corner are the total number of
company routes from this city pair stored in the database).
[ 1L ] This field shows the name of the company route. NONE appears, if there is
no company route for this city pair.
Line 2 to Line 5 These fields display the various elements of the company route:
Waypoints in large green font, and airways in small white font.
[ 6L ] RETURN The pilot presses this key to return to the INIT A page.
[ 6R ] INSERT The pilot presses this key to insert the displayed company route in the flight
plan, and return to the INIT A page.
Note: The pilot can slew the display to show the rest of the route, if one page does not show it all,
or to display other company routes for this city pair.
The flight crew uses the IRS INIT page to align the inertial reference system. The crew accesses this
page, by pressing the IRS INIT key on the INIT A page.
Line 1 This line provides the latitude and longitude of the FM reference
LAT-REFERENCE-LONG position. This reference is extracted from the navigation database.
The flight crew can modify this reference. Only when the FM reference
position matches the origin airport position, the airport identifier is
displayed in green. Otherwise, there are dashes at the place of the
airport identifier. Latitude and longitude of the FM reference position are
displayed in blue. The flight crew can modify the latitude and longitude
values using the scroll keys.
Line 2 LAT-GPS This line displays the GPS position latitude and longitude.
POSITION-LONG
Line 3 to 5 These lines display the IRS 1-2-3 alignment state, source and
latitude/longitude.
The alignment status can be ALIGNING ON XXX, or ALIGNED ON
XXX or IN ATT. XXX is the alignment source and can be GPS or CDU
or REF. It is displayed in white font.
The latitude and longitude values are displayed in green.
[ 6L] RETURN This prompt enables the flight crew to return to the INIT A page.
[ 6R] If a reference is available, field displays ALIGN ON REF → in blue
which is replaced by CONFIRM ALIGN* in amber when 6R prompt is
pressed. Pressing again the 6R prompt enables the transmission of the
FM reference position displayed in line 1.
WIND PAGES
Winds in climb, cruise, descent and approach are necessary to provide the pilot with reliable
predictions and performance. Wind pages enable the pilot to enter and/or review the winds
propagated by the FMGS or sent by ACARS for the various flight phases.
Note: On WIND pages, wind direction is always true-referenced.
CLIMB WIND PAGE
This page enables the pilot to enter and/or review predicted wind vectors (direction and velocity) at
up to 5 different levels.
[ 1R ] HISTORY WIND Displayed in preflight phase only. This key calls up the history wind
page. This page is not modifiable (small green font), but can be
inserted into the CLIMB WIND page by using the 6R key and modified
accordingly.
[ 2R ] WIND REQUEST Pressing this key sends a request for ACARS winds. (Refer to
DSC-22_20-70 Wind Data - Request for Wind Data).
[ 5R ] NEXT PHASE Pressing this key calls up the CRUISE WIND page, or the DESCENT
WIND page, if no cruise waypoint exists.
HISTORY WIND PAGE
[ 6L ] CLIMB WIND This key reverts the display to the CLIMB WIND page.
[ 6R ] INSERT This key inserts the history wind values into the CLIMB WIND page.
CRZ WIND PAGE
This page displays the wind direction and velocity for each cruise waypoint.
The cruise wind page enables the definition of a temperature at a given altitude, and is accessed
as follows:
[ 1L ] to [ 5L ] This displays inserted winds or uplinked winds, in large blue fonts, prior
to activating the descent phase (modifiable values), and in green after
descent phase activation (not modifiable values).
An entry of “GRND” in the “ALT” field is seen as the wind at ground level.
This wind is copied on the PERF APPR page (and corrected for the
magnetic variation).
A clear action on one key reverts the line to blue brackets.
[ 6L ] ALTERNATE This field is only displayed when an alternate is defined.
The pilot-entered value or uplinked value is displayed in large blue font.
It is always modifiable by the pilot.
[ 2R ] WIND REQUEST* Pressing this key sends a request for ACARS winds. (Refer to
DSC-22_20-70 Wind Data - Request for Wind Data).
[ 4R ] PREV PHASE Pressing this key calls up the CRUISE WIND page. The field is erased
after the top of descent has sequenced.
Note: Descent winds and alternate wind are deleted, if the destination airport is changed.
INIT B PAGE
The pilot uses this page to initialize the gross weight and center of gravity, before starting the
engines.
The pilot can call it up from the INIT A page during preflight phase prior to engine start, by pressing
the NEXT PAGE key on the MCDU console, as long as engines have not been started.
This page automatically reverts to the FUEL PRED page after the first engine is started.
The FMGC will stop using the pilot-entered block fuel and will compute its predictions based on the
FOB indicated by the FQI computer (or the FAC as a back up) from that moment on.
[ 1L ] TAXI This is the taxi fuel, which defaults to a preset value, (usually 200 kg or
400 lb in the AMI file). The crew can change the value through this field.
[ 2L ] TRIP/TIME (green) This field displays trip fuel and time when predictions become available.
The pilot cannot modify this data.
[ 3L ] RTE RSV/% (blue) This field displays the contingency fuel for the route and the corresponding
percentage of trip fuel. It may be equal to 0.0, if such is the policy of the
operator. The flight crew can either enter a fuel quantity, or a percentage.
[ 4L ] ALTN/TIME Displays alternate trip fuel and time, assuming that the Cost Index =
(blue/green) 0 and that the aircraft flies at the default cruise flight level. (Refer to
DSC-22_20-30-10-15 Alternate Function - Review and Selection of
Alternate Airport). The flight crew can modify the alternate fuel as required.
In this case, alternate time will be dashed.
[ 5L ] FINAL/TIME (blue) Displays the final reserve fuel and time calculated at the alternate airport
(or destination airport, if selected in the “airline fuel policy” section of the
AMI). Before any crew entry, the FINAL field is dashed and FINAL TIME
field is defaulted to the value specified in the AMI file (typically 30 min).
The flight crew may enter a final fuel or time, and the system will compute
associated holding time/fuel available.
The system assumes a holding pattern at 1 500 ft AGL, with the aircraft
in CONF 1 at maximum endurance speed (racetrack pattern, altitude and
selected airport can be modified through the “airline fuel policy” section of
the AMI).
[ 6L ] MIN DEST FOB Displays the expected minimum fuel at destination. It is equal by default
(blue) to the ALTN + FINAL fuel. This field can be modified directly by the flight
crew, and is also impacted by the modification of ALTN and/or FINAL fuel.
Note: If pilot entry of MIN DEST FOB is lower than ALTN + FINAL
fuel, the message “CHECK MIN DEST FOB” is triggered on the
MCDU.
[ 1R ] ZFW/ZFWCG (blue)Displays the Zero Fuel Weight (ZFW) and Zero Fuel Weight CG (ZFWCG).
The flight crew must enter the ZFW/ZFWCG values (as appropriate) to
obtain a speed profile and predictions.
Note: If the flight crew enters a ZFW value that exceeds the acceptable
range (as defined in the OPC or in the performance database),
the “ENTRY OUT OF RANGE” message appears and the value
is rejected.
[ 5R ] TRIP WIND (blue) This field allows the entry of a mean wind component for the trip from the
origin to the destination. Upon entry of a CO RTE or FROM/TO pair, this
field defaults to HD 000 in small font.
An entry preceeded by –, H, HD is considered to be headwind, +, T, TL to
be tailwind. The entered speed is displayed in large blue font.
When the flight crew inserts a wind on the CLIMB, CRUISE or DESCENT
WIND page, or on the PERF APP page, the system no longer considers
the trip wind, and the corresponding field is dashed.
[ 6R ] EXTRA/TIME Displays the amount of extra fuel, and the resulting time available for
(green) holding over the primary destination.
EXTRA FUEL = BLOCK – (TAXI + TRIP + RSV + MIN DEST FOB).
The field displays its information in small font, and it cannot be modified by
the flight crew.
The pilot presses the FUEL PRED key on the MCDU console to display fuel prediction information at
destination and alternate, as well as fuel management data after the engines are started.
[ 2L ] - [ 2R ] These lines display time and fuel predictions to the alternate airport. (Refer
AT-UTC/TIME-EFOB to DSC-22_20-30-10-15 Alternate Function - General).
(green)
[ 3L ] RTE RSV% (blue) Before departure, this field displays the route reserve fuel and the
corresponding percentage of trip fuel. It may be equal to 0.0, if such is
the policy of the operator. The crew can either enter a fuel quantity or a
percentage. After takeoff, it becomes green 0.0/0.0, and the corresponding
fuel is added to the EXTRA fuel.
[ 4L ] ALTN/TIME Displays alternate trip fuel and time, assuming that the Cost Index = 0 and
(blue/green) that the aircraft flies at the default cruise flight level.
(Refer to DSC-22_20-30-10-15 Alternate Function - Review and Selection of
Alternate Airport).
The flight crew can modify the alternate fuel as required.
In this case, alternate time will be dashed.
[ 5L ] FINAL/TIME Displays the final reserve fuel and time calculated at the alternate airport (or
(blue) destination airport, if selected in the “airline fuel policy” section of the AMI).
The flight crew may enter a final fuel or time, and the system will compute
associated holding time/fuel available.
The system assumes a holding pattern at 1 500 ft AGL, with the aircraft
in CONF 1 at maximum endurance speed (racetrack pattern, altitude and
selected airport can be modified through the “airline fuel policy” section of
the AMI).
[ 6L ] MIN DEST FOB Displays the expected Minimum Fuel at Destination. It is equal to the FINAL
(blue) + ALTN fuel. The field can be modified directly by the flight crew, and is also
impacted by the modification of the ALTN and/or the FINAL fuel.
[ 3R ] ZFW/ZFWCG Displays the Zero Fuel Weight (ZFW) and Zero Fuel Weight Center of
(blue) Gravity (ZFWCG) values, as entered before engine start on the INIT B page.
The flight crew can re-enter or modify these values after engine start on
the FUEL PRED page. If at engine start, no ZFW or ZFWCG values have
been entered, amber boxes are displayed in the corresponding field. The
flight crew must enter the ZFW/ZFWCG values to obtain a speed profile and
predictions.
[ 4R ] FOB (blue) Displays the Fuel On Board (FOB) calculated by the FMGS and the following
fuel sensors:
‐ Fuel flow and fuel quantity sensors (/FF+FQ)
‐ Fuel flow sensors only (/FF).
‐ Fuel quantity sensors only (/FQ).
The flight crew can modify the FOB value in flight, or modify the sensors
used by entering “/FF”, “/FQ” or “/FF+FQ”, as required.
[ 5R ] GW/CG (green) The FMS continuously updates the GrossWeight (GW) and Center of Gravity
(CG) during the flight. The field displays dashes, as long as the system is not
calculating the Fuel On Board, or the ZFW has not been entered by the flight
crew.
The field cannot be modified.
[ 6R ] EXTRA/TIME Displays the amount of extra fuel, and the resulting time available for holding
(green) over the primary destination.
EXTRA FUEL = FOB – (TAXI + TRIP + RSV + MIN DEST FOB).
This field displays its information in small green font, and it cannot be
modified by the flight crew.
Note: All fields are dashed before engines are started.
These pages display all waypoints of the active and alternate flight plans, along with associated
predictions.
The pilot can make all revisions to the lateral and vertical flight plans from these pages:
He presses the left key to revise the lateral flight plan, and the right key to revise the vertical flight
plan.
He presses the F-PLN key on the MCDU console to access the page A of the active flight plan.
FLIGHT PLAN A PAGE
Page A displays time, speed, and altitude predictions for each waypoint of the active flight plan.
[ 1R ] SPD/ALT The field dedicated to SPEED or MACH is blank at the FROM waypoint,
except at the departure airport. (V1 associated with runway elevation, is
displayed).
Note: When the HOLD marker is slewed, the HOLD SPD Label will
overwrite the TIME/UTC title.
Line 6, DEST UTC/TIME DIST is the distance to destination along the displayed flight plan.
DIST, EFOB EFOB is the estimated fuel on board at destination. The EFOB at
destination will turn to amber, if it becomes less than the MIN DEST FOB
value.
The sixth line is permanent and is displayed in white font once
predictions are available, except when a TMPY F-PLN is displayed or
in some cases when an ALT CSTR is entered (“*CLB or DES*” prompt
appears).
Note: The predicted altitude at a waypoint is related to the QNH below the transition altitude,
and is given as a flight level above the transition altitude.
The generic flight plan page displays the FROM waypoint (last waypoint to be overflown) on the
first line, and the TO waypoint (in white) on the second line. The FROM/TO flight plan leg is called
the active leg.
The flight crew can use the scroll keys to review all flight plan legs down to the last point of the
alternate flight plan. The AIRPORT key serves as a fast slew key. The pilot can press it to call up
the next airport (DEST, ALTN, ORIGIN) to be displayed on the flight plan page.
In order to return to the beginning of the flight plan page, the pilot presses the F-PLN key on the
MCDU console.
The display shows the name of the leg between two waypoints, and the distance between them on
a line between the lines that identify them. During an approach, this in-between line also defines
the angle of the final descent path. For example, “2-3 °” indicates that the leg is two nautical miles
long, and the flight path angle is -3 °.
The display shows the bearing between FROM and TO waypoints as the bearing from the aircraft
position to the TO waypoint. It shows track (TRK) between the waypoints shown in lines 2 and 3.
This is the outbound track of the next leg.
If the database contains a published missed approach procedure, or if someone has inserted one
manually, the display shows it in blue after the destination runway identification. It turns green
when the go-around phase becomes active.
After the last waypoint of the missed approach, the display shows the alternate flight plan in NAV
mode.
When NAV mode is engaged, the flight crew can only clear or modify the TO waypoint by using
the DIR key on the MCDU console.
PREDICTIONS
The system calculates and displays predictions for all waypoints.
It uses the current wind to compute TO waypoint predictions, and uses predicted winds to
compute all others.
CONSTRAINTS
The database may define an altitude and speed constraint for each waypoint of the climb,
descent, and approach phases, or the pilot may manually insert such constraints (except at
origin, destination, FROM, and pseudo-waypoints).
The constraints are displayed in magenta, as long as predictions are not completed.
Once predictions are available, constraints are replaced by speed and altitude predictions,
preceded by stars. If the star is in magenta, the system predicts that the aircraft will match the
constraint (altitude within 250 ft, speed not more than 10 kt above the constraints). If the star is
in amber, the system predicts that the aircraft will miss the constraint and the MCDU displays:
“SPD ERROR AT WPT”.
Note: SPD and ALT CSTR may either be entered on the VERT REV page or directly on the
F-PLN A page, whereas TIME CSTR may only be entered from the RTA page.
PSEUDO-WAYPOINTS
Pseudo-waypoints are geographical positions corresponding to an event in the vertical flight
plan: T/C (top of climb), T/D (top of descent), SPD/LIM (speed limit), DECEL (deceleration for
approach), etc. The display shows them as waypoints in parentheses.
APPROACH DISPLAY
The flight crew cannot enter an altitude constraint at destination or Missed Approach Point
(MAP).
Line 1 to Line 5 These lines display consecutive waypoints and associated fuel
WPT-EFOB-WIND predictions, and the forecast wind profile.
The direction of forecast winds is relative to true north.
Forecast winds include winds entered by the pilot (large font) and the
propagated winds at intermediate waypoints (small font).
If the flight crew uses a trip wind, it will be displayed for each waypoint.
If no other wind entry is made after takeoff, the FROM waypoint will
display the actually recorded wind, and the waypoints downpath will still
display the trip wind.
Line 6 Identical to F-PLN A page.
DEST-UTC/DIST-EFOB
These pages give the pilot a list of the lateral flight plan revisions, which can be used to change the
flight plan beyond a selected waypoint.
The pilot calls up these pages from the flight plan pages (A or B) by pressing the left key adjacent to
the selected waypoint.
Different lateral flight plan revisions are available for different waypoints.
TITLE The ident of the waypoint or airport selected for revision, along with its
latitude and longitude.
If the selected waypoint is the FROM waypoint, the title omits the aircraft
latitude and longitude, and displays the “PPOS” (present position) instead.
[ 1L ] DEPARTURE This prompt gives the pilot access to the departure pages, where he can
select and insert runways, SIDs, and TRANSs.
[ 2L ] OFFSET This prompt gives the flight crew access to the OFFSET page.
[ 3L ] HOLD This prompt gives access to the hold pages.
[ 4L ] ENABLE ALTN This prompt allows the pilot to switch to the alternate flight plan at the
selected revision waypoint, and use it as a new active flight plan.
The system never displays this prompt at the FROM waypoint.
[ 5L ] ALTN This prompt gives access to the alternate airport page. The system
displays it only at the destination.
[ 6L ] RETURN This prompt returns the display to the flight plan page.
[ 1R ] ARRIVAL This prompt calls up the arrival pages, where RWY, APPR, STAR TRANS
and VIA can be selected and inserted.
[ 1R ] FIX INFO FIX INFO is only displayed on the lateral revision page at the origin or
FROM waypoint. It gives access to the FIX INFO page.
[ 2R ] LLXING/INCR/NO This prompt allows the pilot to create the latitude/longitude crossing point.
The increment (INCR) ranges from 1 to 20 °, and the number of crossing
points from 1 to 99. This prompt is not displayed for waypoints belonging
to the descent procedure.
[ 3R ] NEXT WPT The pilot uses this prompt to enter the next waypoint. If this waypoint is
a latitude/longitude, or is neither in the database nor in the pilot-defined
elements, the display reverts to the NEW WAYPOINT PAGE.
[ 4R ] NEW DEST The pilot uses this prompt to enter a new destination.
[ 5R ] AIRWAYS The pilot uses this prompt to access the AIRWAYS page.
[ 6R ] INSERT This prompt is displayed when the pilot has created a temporary flight
plan. It can be used to activate the temporary flight plan.
TEMPORARY REVISION
When the pilot selects a lateral revision, the system creates a “Temporary F-PLN” and displays
it in yellow on the MCDU, and as a dashed yellow line on the ND, enabling the pilot to review the
data before inserting it. As long as the temporary flight plan is not inserted, the previous flight plan
remains active and the system guides the aircraft along it.
This page provides access to the RADIAL, CIRCLE, and ABEAM intercept functions.
The reference may be a given database fix or a pilot-defined element.
If the radial, circle or abeam intercepts the active flight plan, the intersection point can be converted
to a waypoint and inserted into the flight plan.
The FIX INFO page may be accessed from the LAT REV page at the origin airport, or at FROM.
[ 1L ] REF FIX (blue) Allows entries of the REF FIX. This reference may be any database element
(navaid, waypoint, NDB, airport, runway) or a pilot-defined element. Prior to
entry, amber boxes are displayed.
[ 2L ] - [ 2R ] RADIAL Enables entry of a radial from the REF FIX.
(blue) and [ 3L ] - [ 3R ]
If the radial line intersects the active flight plan, the FMGS will compute
(blue)
the time, the along path DTG (Distance To Go), and the altitude at the
intersection point (small green font). A large blue star is then displayed to
insert the intersection waypoint into the flight plan. This waypoint is not part
of the pilot-stored elements. Format of the created waypoint is:
XXXNNN XXX = First 3 letters of REF FIX ident.
NNN = Value of the radial
[ 4L ] - [ 4R ] RADIUS This function enables the flight crew to enter a radius that defines a circle
(blue) around the REF FIX.
When the circle intercepts the current flight path, the FMGS will compute the
time, the along path distance and the altitude at the first intersection point,
from the current aircraft position (small green front).
A large blue star is then displayed to insert the intersection waypoint into the
flight plan. This waypoint is not part of the pilot stored element.
The waypoint is automatically labelled:
“DNNNXXX” NNN = Value of the radius
XXX = First 3 letters of the REF FIX ident.
[ 5L ] - [ 5R ] ABEAM This function enables the pilot to create waypoints on a flight plan (primary
or secondary) that are abeam a reference fix.
Once computed, the page displays the radial number in large green font.
Time, distance and altitude predictions are displayed in small green font.
Selecting the key adjacent to the star creates the waypoint and inserts it into
the flight plan.
The waypoint is identified by AB + the REF FIX ident e.g. AB TLS.
Abeam waypoints are not stored in the pilot-stored waypoint database.
Note: Four FIX INFO pages, providing the capability to define four different REF FIX elements,
are available.
OFFSET PAGE
This page allows the flight crew to insert a preplanned offset into the flight plan by entering:
‐ A start waypoint
‐ An end waypoint
‐ An offset distance to the left or to the right
‐ The intercept angle value.
The flight crew calls up this page from the LATERAL REVISION page, by pressing [2L] key.
TITLE OFFSET in white large font. If a temporary flight plan exists, it is displayed
in yellow large font.
[ 1L ] OFFSET This field displays the lateral offset distance, left or right, in the flight plan.
The offset may be between 1 and 50 nm. Blue brackets are displayed until
an offset is inserted. When the flight crew enters an offset, or modifies
another element in the OFFSET page, the OFFSET field becomes yellow.
One time the temporary flight plan is inserted, the field becomes blue.
The flight crew can delete an inserted offset either by pressing the CLR
key, by entering a zero for the amount of the offset, or by pressing
OFFSET DELETE in 6L field.
[ 2L ] START WPT The START WPT ident for the offset is displayed in yellow if a temporary
flight plan exists, in blue if already inserted, or in green when the field is
not modifiable.
The default START WPT shall be the waypoint where the lateral revision is
performed, the first waypoint offsettable, or PPOS if the offset is currently
flown.
This waypoint can also be selected from the list of waypoints in the fields
3L to 5L, or can be manually entered by the flight crew.
[ 3L ] to [ 5L ] Display the start waypoints available for selection. Two scrolling list are
available. The active start waypoint is displayed in green in the list. Other
waypoints are displayed in blue. The currently selected start waypoint
does not have selection arrow associated.
[ 6L ] RETURN ERASE RETURN: The flight crew presses this key to return to the last displayed
LAT REV page.
ERASE: It is displayed when a temporary flight plan has been created, and
it enables the flight crew to erase the temporary flight plan.
[ 1R ] INTCPT ANGLE This field displays the intercept angle. The angle may be between 10 ° and
50 °. The intercept angle in the AMI is the default value, and is shown in
blue. When the flight crew enters an intercept angle, or modifies another
element in the OFFSET page, the field becomes yellow. One time the
temporary flight plan is inserted, the field becomes blue.
[ 2R ] END WPT The END WPT ident for the offset is displayed in yellow if a temporary
flight plan exists, or in blue if already inserted. The default END WPT
shall be the waypoint terminating the last consecutive offsettable leg from
default or currently selected START WPT.
This waypoint can also be selected from the list of waypoints in the fields
3R to 5R, or can be manually entered by the flight crew.
[ 3R] to [ 5R ] Display the end waypoints available for selection. Two scrolling lists are
available. The active end waypoint is displayed in green in the lists. Other
waypoints are displayed in blue. The currently selected end waypoint does
not have selection arrow associated.
[ 6R ] INSERT OFFSET INSERT: This field allows the flight crew to activate the temporary flight
DELETE plan and reverts the display to the active flight plan. This field is displayed
when the offset segment is completely defined on OFFSET page.
OFFSET DELETE: This prompt enables the flight crew to create a
temporary flight plan where the predefined offset is canceled. This field is
displayed when an offset exists in the active flight plan.
Note: If the waypoint lists in lines 3 to 5 do not fit in one page, the flight crew can scroll in an open
loop, two lines by two lines. To keep the initial order of the list, two markers appear:
‐ - START OF LIST - : This marker is displayed at the beginning of the list
‐ - END OF LIST - : This marker is displayed at the end of the list.
AIRWAYS PAGE
This page allows the pilot to select up to five airways for stringing into the flight plan, after the revise
waypoint.
The pilot calls up this page by pressing the lateral revision page [ 5R ] key.
DEPARTURE PAGES
These pages allow the pilot to review departure procedures (RWY, SID, TRANS) and enter them into
the active flight plan.
When the display shows the lateral revision page for the origin, the pilot calls them up by pressing
the 1L key.
Three pages are available: RWY, and SIDS and TRANS (if any).
The pilot sequentially calls up each page by selecting a data item (such as RWY), or by pressing the
NEXT PAGE key on the MCDU console.
Line 1 RWY, SID This line displays the RWY, SID, and TRANS in green after they have been
TRANS inserted into the active flight plan, or in yellow if selected but not yet inserted.
If nothing has been selected or inserted, the line displays dashes.
HOLD PAGES
These pages allow the pilot to review and modify the holding pattern parameters at the selected
revise waypoint.
The flight crew calls up these pages by pressing the HOLD key on the LAT REV page for the
waypoint. The flight crew can insert database hold, holds computed by the FMS or holds that they
manually define.
COMPUTED HOLD
If a default hold is computed by the FMS and can be inserted, the parameters in [ 1L ], [ 2L ] and
[ 3L ] appear in yellow.
[ 1L ] INB CRS This field displays the inbound course of the holding pattern. The data may
be manually or automatically modified.
[ 2L ] TURN This field shows the direction to turn in the hold (L or R). The data may be
modified.
[ 3L ] TIME/DIST This field shows the time and distance for the outbound leg. The data may
be modified, but time and distance cannot be entered simultaneously.
Time and distance are dependent values that the system calculates from
the predicted true airspeed, which in turn depends upon the holding speed
(speed for maximum endurance, ICAO speed limit, or constraint speed,
whichever is lower).
[ 6L ] ERASE or The pilot presses this key when the field shows “ERASE”, to erase the
RETURN holding pattern.
The pilot presses this key when the field shows “RETURN”, to return to the
LAT REV page, if the hold is already inserted in the flight plan.
[ 2R ] REVERT TO... The pilot presses this key to delete manual modifications to the database
hold (or computed hold), and to revert to the database (or computed)
holding data.
[ 6R ] INSERT The pilot presses this key to insert the hold into the active flight plan.
LAST EXIT UTC FUEL This field displays the time at which the aircraft must leave the holding
pattern in order to meet fuel policy criteria (extra fuel = 0). The system
also displays the estimated fuel on board at that time. Always displayed in
thousand of kilograms or pounds.
DIRECT TO PAGE
Pressing the “DIR” key under the MCDU screen brings up the DIR TO page. On this page, the [ 1L ]
key is the DIR TO key. The pilot presses it to modify the flight plan by creating a direct leg from the
aircraft's present position to any selected waypoint. When in NAV mode, the pilot must use this key
to modify the active leg or the TO waypoint. The pilot cannot call up this page when the aircraft's
present position is not valid.
[ 1L ] DIR TO Pressing this key selects the DIRECT TO or INTERCEPT waypoint.
The pilot can identify the waypoint to be inserted by using its
identifier, its latitude and longitude, place/bearing/distance, or
place-bearing/place-bearing.
Note: If the entered DIR TO is a latitude/longitude, the NEW WAYPOINT
page is automatically called up.
If the pilot does not select the RADIAL IN (1R) or RADIAL OUT (2R) or
ABEAM PTS (2L), the DIR TO function routes the aircraft from the present
position to the waypoint inserted in the DIR TO field.
Line 3 to Line 6 These lines display the active flight plan with time/speed/distance
predictions. The display may be slewed ↑↓.
Pressing any key activates the DIRECT TO function from the present
position to the waypoint adjacent to that key.
[ 2L ] ABEAM PTS The flight crew presses this key to activate the DIR TO/ABEAM function
which projects the flight plan waypoints perpendiculary on the DIR TO leg:
[ 1R ] RADIAL IN and The pilot fills in these fields to define a radial, associated to the waypoint
[ 2R ] RADIAL OUT defined in 1L. These keys respectively activate the DIR TO/INTERCEPT
TO and DIR TO/INTERCEPT FROM functions. The pilot enters the radial
in, or radial out, as : XXX, XXX being the radial.
The aircraft intercepts from its current position and tracks the selected
waypoint and radial to (or from) this waypoint.
If the DIR TO/INTCPT WPT entry is to a waypoint already in the flight plan, a default RADIAL IN is
displayed in small font. However, no radial is displayed on the ND for this default radial. No default
radial is provided for the RADIAL OUT field.
Selecting the INTCPT TO (RADIAL IN [ 1R ]) function:
‐ Activates the intercept radial INTO the WPT.
‐ Sets the course = radial IN + 180 °.
‐ Reverts the display to the F-PLN A page.
Selecting the INTCPT FROM (RADIAL OUT [ 2R ]) function:
‐ Activates the intercept radial FROM the WPT.
‐ Sets the course = radial OUT.
‐ Reverts the display to F-PLN A page.
For details, DSC_22_20_30 Flight Planning.
ARRIVAL PAGES
These pages enable the pilot to review arrival procedures (approaches, VIAs, STARs, TRANS) and
enter them into the active flight plan.
The pilot calls them up from the LAT REV page for the destination by the pressing the 1R key.
Three pages, APPR, STAR, and VIA, are available, along with a fourth,TRANS, if there are any
transitions.
The pilot calls up each page sequentially, either by selecting a data item (such as APPR), or by
pressing the NEXT PAGE key on the MCDU console.
Line [ 1L ] - [ 1R ] [ 2R ] This line displays the APPR, VIA, STAR, and TRANS in green, if they have
been inserted in the flight plan, and in yellow, as a temporary flight plan, if
they have been selected but not yet inserted.
It displays dashes or NONE, if nothing has been selected or inserted.
[ 2L ] APPR VIAS The pilot presses this key to call up transitions from the last point of the
STAR to the first point of the approach.
[ 3L ] to [ 5L ] These fields list selectable and selected APPRs, STARs, and VIAs. The
flight crew can slew the pages, when necessary. Selectable APPRs, STARs,
and VIAs are displayed in blue with an arrow.
Once the pilot has selected an APPR, STAR, or VIA, the arrow disappears.
After the APPR, STAR, or VIA is inserted into the flight plan, it is displayed in
green.
For each approach, the display shows runway length, heading, and the
frequency and identifier of the ILS when ILS is available.
In case there are multiple approaches for the same runway, the approach is
identified with the runway plus the multiple indicator (i.e. ILS 33L-S).
[ 6L ] ERASE or The pilot presses this key to erase selected data and to revert to the
RETURN previous selection. The page reverts to the LAT REV page.
The field displays “RETURN”, instead of ERASE, when the flight crew has
not created a temporary flight plan.
[ 3R ] TRANS to [ 5R ] These fields display selectable and selected enroute transitions (if any).
They are blue when selected, and become green when inserted into the
active flight plan.
[ 6R ] INSERT The pilot presses this key to insert the temporary procedure into the active
flight plan. The page reverts to the active flight plan page when this occurs.
ALTERNATE PAGE
This page enables the pilot to review, in the NAV database, the alternate airports that are paired
with the destination, and define additional alternates, if needed. (Alternate airports are linked to the
destination). The pilot calls up this page with the ALTN prompt, from the lateral revision page for the
destination.
NO ALTN The pilot uses this key to select the NO ALTN option.
[ 6L ] RETURN or The pilot presses this key to make the display revert to the LAT REV page.
ERASE Pressing this key erases the temporary selection.
[ 1R ] CO RTE Pressing this key displays the active company route between the destination
and the selected alternate.
[ 6R ] INSERT Pressing this key activates the temporary selection.
This page enables the pilot to review the company route between the destination and the alternate,
and to select a different route, if that seems appropriate.
This page comes up automatically, when the flight crew enters an ident in the OTHER ALTN field.
See the “Route Selection” page Refer to DSC-22_20-50-10-25 Route Selection Pagefor a description
of this page.
[ 6R ] SELECT Pressing this key reverts the display to the alternate page. (The distance
between the destination and the alternate is then the airway distance).
These pages contain the menu of available vertical flight plan revisions that can be applied at a
selected waypoint.
The pilot calls up these pages from the flight plan A or B pages by pressing the right hand key next to
the selected revised waypoint.
The pilot may make several different vertical revisions (although some may not be available at all
waypoints): Speed limit, speed constraint, altitude constraint, time constraint, wind page and STEP
ALTS page.
[ 2L ] CLB/DES SPD This field displays the speed limit applicable to the climb or descent phase. It
LIM (magenta) displays it in large font when data has been inserted manually, and in small
font when data comes from the database.
[ 3L ] SPD CSTR This field displays any speed constraint assigned to the revised waypoint. It
(magenta) is in large font when inserted manually, and in small font when it comes from
the database.
It is not displayed at the origin airport, at a FROM waypoint, a speed limit
pseudo waypoint, or the destination airport.
[ 4L ] QNH This field only functions when the revised waypoint is the primary
destination.
It allows the pilot to enter the atmospheric pressure at sea level.
This field is identical to the QNH field of the PERF APPR page.
[ 4L ] MACH/START This prompt allows the pilot to enter or modify the start point of a
WPT (blue) constant Mach segment, and its associated Mach. It is not displayed
at primary destination and alternate flight plan waypoints. (Refer to
DSC-22_20-30-20-25 Constant Mach Segment - Entering a Constant Mach
Segment).
[ 5L ] WIND (blue) The pilot presses this key to access the wind pages.
The first wind displayed page, corresponds to the selected waypoint (e.g.
climb page), if the selected waypoint is a climb phase waypoint.
A CLR action reverts it to brackets.
[ 6L ] RETURN or CLB The pilot presses this key to return to the last displayed flight plan page.
When displayed, pressing this key assigns the constraint to CLB phase and
inserts it into the vertical flight plan. The page reverts to the flight plan page.
[ 2R ] RTA prompt This prompt gives access to the RTA page. It is not displayed when the
VERT REV page is accessed from the alternate F-PLN.
[ 3R ] ALT CSTR This field displays the altitude constraint assigned to this revised waypoint.
(magenta) It uses large font when the constraint is manually-entered, and small font
when it is from the database.
A CLR action reverts it to brackets.
The constraint may be:
‐ “At”, entered as XXXXX (Example: FL 180).
‐ “At or above”, entered as + XXXXX or XXXXX + (Example: FL +310).
‐ “At or below”, entered as – XXXXX or XXXXX – (Example: -5 000).
‐ A “window” constraint.
The altitude window consists of two altitudes between which the aircraft
should fly. The crew cannot manually enter a “window” constraint.
G/S INTCP (green) This field displays the glide intercept altitude for an ILS approach on the
vertical revision page at destination.
[ 4R ] ALT ERROR When the aircraft misses a predicted altitude constraint, this field displays
(green) the difference between the altitude constraint and the predicted altitude.
If, for example, “-500” appears in this field in green, the aircraft will reach the
waypoint at an altitude 500 ft below the constraint altitude.
This only applies to waypoints in the climb and descent phases.
[4R] END WPT (blue) This prompt allows the pilot to enter or modify the endpoint of a constant
Mach segment. It is displayed when a pair Mach/start exists in 4L field.
This prompt is not displayed on the destination VERT REV page. (Refer to
DSC-22_20-30-20-25 Constant Mach Segment - Entering a Constant Mach
Segment).
[ 5R ] STEP ALTS This legend appears for any waypoint, once a cruise altitude has been
(white) entered. It is not available in engine-out, descent, approach, and go-around
phases.
This gives the pilot access to the STEP ALTS page.
[ 6R ] DES When this field displays “DES”, pressing this key assigns the constraints to
the descent phase and inserts them into the vertical flight plan. The page
reverts to the F-PLN page. (See note below).
Note: Altitude and speed constraints may apply to the climb, descent, or approach phase, but
never to the cruise phase. Fields 6L/6R display “CLB/DES” when the revised waypoint is a
cruise phase waypoint and the FMGS needs to know if the new constraint is to be applied
in climb or descent phase. The FMGS will modify the cruise phase accordingly. These 2
prompts also display “CLB/DES” when the predictions are not computed. (Top of climb and
top of descent not yet defined).
This page allows the pilot to insert up to four geographic step points and one optimal step point into
the flight plan. This page also displays the fuel/time savings associated with the optional step.
The flight crew calls it up either from the vertical revision page.
TITLE [1L] - [1R] [4L] - STEP ALTS in white followed by the current cruise altitude in green.
[4R]
ALT/WPT {blue} : The waypoint identifier, as well as the altitude to step, can be entered in this
field. Both are displayed in large font. The waypoint may either be an active
(or secondary) flight plan waypoint, or an inserted optimal point (OPT).
When an entry is made, a temporary F-PLN is created.
DIST / TIME (UTC) Displays the distance to go, and time from the present aircraft position along
(small green font) the flight plan to the step point.
Note: The following messages may be displayed in the DIST/TIME field:
‐ ABOVE MAX, if the step altitude exceeds the MAX altitude.
‐ “IGNORED”, if the step start or end point is less than 50 nm from
the top of descent or if the step climb is located prior to the top of
climb or after the top of descent.
‐ “STEP AHEAD”, when the aircraft is within 20 nm of the start
step point.
‐ “NO OPTIMAL” if a non inserted optimal step falls in a
discontinuity due to a flight plan change, or when no new optimal
exists after an UPDATE or when no optimal step point exists for
the entered altitude.
Note: If no optimal step point exists for the altitude displayed in [ 1L ], the “NO OPTIMAL”
message is displayed in the FUEL/TIME field. This message is also displayed, if the optimal
step falls into a discontinuity.
[ 5L ] OPT STEP: This field displays the distance and time to an uninserted optimal step point,
ENTER ONLY ALT if one exists. It is displayed to guide the flight crew for the entry format of an
(white) TO OPT S/C optional step.
(green small front)
Note: On any flight plan change, an inserted optimal step remains in the
flight plan at a fixed distance to destination.
[ 6L ] RETURN The flight crew presses this key to return to the previous page.
[ 5R ] SAVINGS This field displays the fuel and time savings prior to the insertion of the
optimal step point.
Fuel savings are displayed in thousand of kilograms (or pounds) (maxi 99.9).
The value is preceded by:
“–” in case of fuel saving,
“+” in case of additional fuel cost.
Time savings are displayed in hours and minutes. The value is preceded by
“–” in case of time saving,
“+” in case of additional time cost.
[ 6R ] INSERT* (amber) This field displays INSERT*, when an optimal step point exists but is not yet
inserted. When INSERT is selected:
‐ The optimal step point is inserted into the flight plan.
‐ OPT is displayed in line 1L.
‐ Optimal step distance and time are deleted in line 5L.
‐ The UPDATE* blue prompt replaces the INSERT* prompt.
UPDATE* This prompt enables the computation of another optimal step point.
The UPDATE* prompt is then replaced by the INSERT* prompt.
RTA PAGE
The Required Time of Arrival (RTA) page allows the entry and display of a waypoint identifier, with
associated time constraints. The page also displays the entered or computed Estimated Takeoff
Time (ETT), as well as the following data:
‐ Predicted ETA at the time-constrained waypoint;
‐ Performance adjusted SPD target;
‐ Time error;
‐ Distance to time constrained waypoint;
‐ Active speed mode;
The flight crew calls up this page with the RTA prompt from the vertical revision page.
[2L] MANAGED This field displays the FMGS-computed ECON speed/Mach (Refer to
DSC-22_20-40-10 Optimization)
[3L] ACT MODE This field displays the active speed mode : MANAGED or SELECTED/NNN
(NNN is the selected target speed).
The pilot cannot modify it through this field.
[6L] RETURN The pilot presses this key to revert the display to the VERT REV page.
[2R] ETA When a required time at arrival has been defined, the 2R field displays the
estimated time of arrival as “HHMMSS”.
[3R] RTA ERROR This field is blank when the RTA is predicted as made.
If the RTA is predicted as missed, “RTA ERROR” is displayed in small white
font, and the time error between ETA and RTA is displayed in small amber
font.
[6R] ETT The Estimated Takeoff Time (ETT) field is available in the preflight phase.
If no ETT is available, the 6R field displays blue brackets and a blue star.
Once available, the ETT is displayed in magenta.
UTC Universal time is displayed in green for takeoff, climb, cruise, descent and
approach phases.
WAYPOINT PAGE
‐ The pilot can call up this page by pressing the 1L key on the DATA INDEX page. The display
then shows waypoint information associated with the identifier the flight crew inserts it in the
[ 1L ] field.
‐ With this page it is possible to call any waypoint not stored in the stored waypoint list, if they
belong to the active, temporary, or secondary flight plan.
STORED WAYPOINT PAGE
The pilot calls up this page by pressing the 1R key on the DATA INDEX page.
This page displays waypoints, defined and stored by the pilot. It lists each stored waypoint, along
with a number that shows the relative order in which it was inserted in the database. This number
is displayed in the upper righthand corner of the page. For example, “1/20” indicates that the
waypoint was the first of 20 stored.
Note: Latitude/Longitude crossing points and Abeam/Radial Intercept points are never included
in the stored waypoint list.
[ 1L ] IDENT To delete a waypoint, the pilot clears the 1L ident display.
[ 2L ] LAT/LONG Latitude and longitude of the waypoint are displayed in this field.
[ 3L ] This field either displays PLACE/BRG/DIST or PLACE-BRG/
PLACE-BRG or PLACE/DIST, depending on how the waypoint was
defined.
[ 5R ] NEW The pilot presses this key to call up the NEW WAYPOINT page.
WAYPOINT
[ 6R ] DELETE ALL The pilot presses this key and the label changes to amber CONFIRM
DELETE ALL. Pressing this key a second time deletes all the waypoints,
stored by the flight crew, except those currently used in the active or
secondary flight plan. (“F-PLN ELEMENT RETAINED” appears on the
MCDU).
NAVAID PAGE
The pilot calls up this page by pressing the 2L key on the DATA INDEX page 2.
This page displays NAVAID information associated with the identifier the pilot inserts in the [ 1L ]
field.
[ 2L ] CLASS This field identifies the NAVAID as VOR, DME, VOR DME, VORTAC,
NDB, LOC, ILS, MLS, ILS/DME, MLS/DME, ILS/TAC or TACAN. It
displays NON COLLOCATED, if the NAVAID is uncollocated.
[ 4L ] FREQ or CHAN CHAN is displayed, if the class of NAVAID is an MLS or an MLS DME.
[ 5L ] ELV This field gives the NAVAID elevation in feet above sea level. It is not
displayed for VOR or NDB.
[ 6L ] FIG OF MERIT This field shows how far out the FMGS can autotune a VOR, VOR/DME,
VORTAC, or DME for display or for computing position.
0 : up to 40 nm
1 : up to 70 nm
2 : up to 130 nm
3 : up to 250 nm
[ 1R ] STATION DEC This is the magnetic declination in the NAVAID area (used only for VOR,
or RWY IDENT VOR/DME, and VORTAC).
The field displays RWY IDENT, if the NAVAID is a LOC, ILS, MLS,
ILS/DME, MLS/DME or ILS/TAC.
[ 2R ] CATEGORY This field shows the NAVAID's category, if it is an ILS, ILS/DME, MLS,
MLS/DME or ILS/TAC. A LOC DME has a category = 0.
[ 3R ] COURSE This is the localizer course, if the NAVAID is an ILS or a LOC.
[ 6R ] RETURN This prompt is displayed, if the page has been accessed from the
SELECTED NAVAID page. The pilot presses this key to return to the
SELECTED NAVAID page.
STORED NAVAID PAGE
The pilot calls up this page by pressing the 2R key on the DATA INDEX page. This page is used to
display or delete defined and stored NAVAIDs.
A number in the upper righthand corner of the screen shows the relative order in which the
NAVAIDs were stored. (For example, 3/7 means the third out of the seven stored).
Slew keys give the pilot access to the different stored NAVAIDs.
[ 1L ] IDENT The pilot deletes a stored NAVAID by entering its ident in this field, then by
pressing the CLR key at the bottom of the MCDU control panel.
[ 6R ] DELETE ALL The pilot presses this key to erase all the stored NAVAIDs, except those
and CONFIRM currently used in the active or secondary flight plan. (The MCDU displays
DELETE ALL “F-PLN ELEMENT RETAINED.”).
NEW NAVAID PAGE
The pilot calls up this page by pressing the 5R key on the STORED NAVAID page.
It can be used to define and store up to 20 NAVAIDs. Entering an additional waypoint deletes the
first one. The NAVAID elements must be entered in two steps:
1. Enter the data in the lines of amber boxes.
2. Enter frequency, elevation, figure of merit, and station declination or ILS category and course, if
applicable.
Note: The pilot cannot create an ILS/DME or an uncollocated NAVAID.
If the runway associated with the ILS has been entered through the new runway page,
the course, IDENT, and runway IDENT are already displayed on the new NAVAID page
when it comes up (copied from the new runway page). For details, see the new runway
page info below.
[ 1R ] STATION DEC The pilot must enter the magnetic declination, if the prompt is displayed.
This prompt is displayed only for VOR, VORTAC or VOR/DME.
[ 3R ] COURSE If the NAVAID is an ILS, LOC, enter the course.
[ 6R ] STORE This prompt appears when all the amber boxes are filled in. The pilot
presses the key to store the NAVAID.
A stored NAVAID is never used for position computation.
RUNWAY PAGE
This page displays the following information:
[ 1L ] IDENT The runway IDENT, which comprises the airport identification and the
runway direction, uses six or seven digits (Example: CYYZ 24L and LFRJ
08).
[ 2L ] LAT/LONG The latitude and longitude of the runway threshold.
[ 4L ] LENGTH The runway length in meters (M) or feet (ft), in five digits (9 999 ft).
[ 5L ] ELV The elevation of the threshold in feet above sea level.
[ 6L ] CRS The runway course (degrees magnetic).
[ 1R ] LS IDENT The LOC or ILS identifier.
STORED RUNWAY PAGE
The pilot uses this page to display or delete the defined and stored runways. The stored runways
are listed and numbered in the order in which they were inserted. The number is displayed in the
upper righthand corner of the page. (For example, 2/4 means the runway is the second of the four
stored runways).
The pilot can delete any stored runway from the database by displaying its IDENT in the 1L field,
then by pressing the CLR key on the MCDU control panel.
[ 6R ] DELETE ALL The pilot presses this key to erase all the stored runways, except those
and CONFIRM used in the active or secondary flight plan. (The MCDU displays “F-PLN
DELETE ALL ELEMENT RETAINED”).
[ 1L ] to [ 6L ] These fields are similar to the RUNWAY page fields.
NEW RUNWAY PAGE
The pilot can use this page to define and store up to 10 runways.
When the pilot enters an ILS/LOC IDENT in the [ 1R ] field the new NAVAID page comes
up. When the pilot has entered and stored the necessary data in the new NAVAID page,
the new runway page reappears.
The new runway page and the new NAVAID page (ILS/LOC) are not independent:
When the flight crew first defines the ILS/LOC (on the new NAVAID page) the new
runway page, when called up, already displays the RWY course, RWY IDENT, and ILS
IDENT (copied from the new NAVAID page).
When the flight crew first defines the runway (on the new runway page) the new
NAVAID page, when called up, already displays the ILS course, ILS IDENT, and runway
IDENT.
The pilot must enter the two runway directions on two different new runway pages (Example: LFRJ
08 and LFRJ 26) to allow the flight plan to select either one.
Note: When 10 runways are stored, entering a new stored runway deletes the first one of the
list (1/10).
[ 1L ] to [ 6L ] Enter information about the new runway.
[ 1R ] LS IDENT Enter the ILS/LOC IDENT. The NEW NAVAID page comes up.
[ 5R ] RETURN The pilot presses this key to return to the NEW NAVAID page.
[ 6R ] STORE This prompt only appears when all the amber boxes have been filled in.
Note: The NEW RUNWAY may be used for departure or destination, but no SID or STAR
can be associated or stored with this runway. Therefore, the pilot will use it as an
“independent” airport.
A new runway is identified by the 4–letter ICAO airport identifier, although all six or seven
digits must be entered.
ROUTE PAGES
(Not-modifiable)
[ 1L ] CO RTE Any company route IDENT, entered in this field, causes all the elements of
the route to be displayed.
Line 2 to Line 6 These lines display the various route elements, including waypoints and
airways.
[ 1R ] FROM/TO This field is automatically filled in, when the pilot enters the IDENT for
a company route. When the pilot manually enters a city pair, the MCDU
displays “NOT IN DATA BASE” if the city pair is not in the navigation
database. If the city pair is in the database, the CO RTE field displays the
first route stored (small blue font). If more than one route is stored, the
pilot can slew to see the different routes.
STORED ROUTE PAGE
This page displays up to 5 routes, stored by the pilot. The stored routes are listed and numbered in
the order of insertion. The number is displayed in the upper right-hand corner of the page.
[ 1L ] CO RTE This field identifies the stored route. Clearing this field deletes the stored
route.
Line 2 to Line 5 The fields in these lines are identical to the corresponding fields in the
route page.
[ 6L ] DELETE ALL Pressing this key changes the label to amber CONFIRM DELETE ALL.
Pressing this key a second time deletes all previously-stored routes.
[ 1R ] FROM/TO This identifies the city pair of the stored route.
[ 6R ] NEW ROUTE Pressing this key calls up the new route page.
NEW ROUTE PAGE
The pilot calls up this page by pressing the NEW ROUTE key on the stored route page. It can be
used to store up to five new routes that have already been defined in the active or secondary flight
plan.
[ 1L ] CO RTE This field enables the pilot to enter a new company route IDENT. If that
IDENT has already been assigned, the entry is rejected.
[ 2L ] STORE ACTIVE Pressing this key stores parameters of the active flight plan as new route.
F-PLN (blue) The display shows this prompt when the system contains a FROM/TO, but
only during preflight.
[ 3L ] STORE Pressing this key stores parameters of the secondary flight plan as
SECONDARY F-PLN new route. The display shows this prompt when the system contains a
(blue) FROM/TO and the secondary flight plan has not yet been sequenced.
Note: ‐ If it has not already been named, a stored route is automatically named when stored:
SRTE 1 to SRTE 5.
‐ When 5 routes are already stored, the pilot cannot insert a new stored route. The
“STORED ROUTE FULL” message is displayed, and the pilot must manually delete a
route in order to store a new one.
‐ Several flight plan elements are not retained when the route is stored:
‐ Pilot-entered holds
‐ Offset
‐ Pilot-entered constraints
‐ Modifications to terminal procedures
‐ Pseudo-waypoints
‐ Step at optimum.
‐ Pilot-entered constant Mach segment.
The MCDU then displays “REVISIONS NOT STORED”.
The system automatically displays this page at power up, but the pilot may also call it up by pressing
the DATA key on the MCDU console.
[ 3L ] SECOND The validity period is displayed in small font. The pilot can press the 3L key
DATABASE to switch to the second database as the active database.
CAUTION Cycling the database erases the primary and secondary flight plans, as well as the
stored data. The flight crew must never do this in flight.
[ 5L ] CHG CODE This field allows the entry of a code to change the IDLE and/or PERF factor,
displayed in 6L. It is displayed in the PREFLIGHT and DONE phases. The
label is displayed in small white font. The brackets, or the entered value, is
displayed in large blue font.
[ 6L ] IDLE/PERF It is only possible to modify these factors when the aircraft is on ground. If
no value was entered, the FMS displays default values coded in the Airline
Modifiable Information (AMI) file.
Default values are displayed in small font, although manually entered values
are displayed in large font.
When it is necessary to modify the IDLE or the PERF factor:
‐ ENTER the change code in the CHG CODE field [5L].
The default value for this code is “ARM” but it is possible to modify it on
airline request (the applicable code is then coded in the Airline Modifiable
Information (AMI) file).
When a valid change code is entered, the IDLE and PERF factors are
displayed in blue.
‐ ENTER the new IDLE and/or PERF factor(s) in the scratchpad.
‐ PRESS the [6L] key to insert the new IDLE and/or PERF factor(s).
The new IDLE and/or PERF factor(s) is (are) displayed in large blue font.
[4R] STORED This field displays pilot-stored data in a large green font. The field is blank,
if no data is stored. (The airline can choose to have this data automatically
erased at the done phase).
[5R] DELETE ALL Pressing this key changes the label to amber CONFIRM DELETE ALL.
Pressing this key a second time deletes all pilot-stored data, except data that
is part of the active and secondary flight plans.
[6R] STATUS/XLOAD This prompt gives access to the P/N STATUS and P/N XLOAD pages.
This page allows the crossloading of all databases or configuration files part numbers which are
different between both sides. Crossloading from this page avoids reviewing each individual P/N
STATUS page.
These pages allow reviewing and crossloading the following databases and configuration files
between both FMS:
‐ Page 2 FMS SOFTWARE part numbers
‐ Page 3 NAV DATA BASE part numbers
‐ Page 4 FM AIRLINE CONFIG part numbers
‐ Page 5 FM OPTIONS CONFIG part numbers
Line 4 This line is empty when the active flight phase is not Preflight or Done.
XLOAD FMx TO FMy or START XLOAD FMx TO FMy: This blue prompt is
displayed when the database or configuration file (stated on line 1) can be
crossloaded.
XLOAD ARMED: Displayed in blue on the receiving FM when the crossload
has been requested, but not yet confirmed.
XLOAD IN PROCESS: Displayed in white when the crossload is ongoing.
XLOAD NOT SUPPORTED: Crossloading is unavailable for this element.
NO P/N TO XLOAD: The element is missing.
NEED FG 1/FG 2 IDENTICAL TO XLOAD: The receiving side's FG software
is incompatible with the FG software to be crossloaded.
NEED FM 1/FM 2 SOFTWARE IDENTICAL TO XLOAD: The crossloaded
element is incompatible with the receiving side's FM software.
[5L] A/C STATUS This prompt is available, when no crossload is in process. This gives the
pilot access to the aircraft status page.
MM: SS MIN REMAINING: Displays the time remaining to complete the
crossload, when a crossload is in process.
[6L] PREV PAGE This key calls up the previous P/N STATUS page.
ABORT This amber prompt is displayed when a crossload is in process. The pilot
uses it to stop the crossload.
[6R] NEXT PAGE This key calls up the next P/N STATUS page.
CONFIRM* This amber prompt is displayed when a crossload has been armed. The pilot
presses it to start the crossload.
This page, which automatically appears, allows the pilot to select a specific waypoint, airport, or
NAVAID when the database holds more than one under the same identifier.
The pilot presses the key adjacent to a waypoint, NAVAID, or airport to select it as the one to be
entered. When the pilot has finished, the page automatically reverts to the previously displayed page.
DISTANCE
The direct distance to the aircraft is displayed in green above each name. If this distance is greater
than 9 999 nm, 9 999 nm is displayed.
LAT/LONG COLUMN
This column lists the rounded off latitudes and longitudes of the different points, using the same
identifier.
FREQ/CHAN COLUMN
This column lists the NAVAIDs frequencies, if any. It displays CHAN for a MLS.
Note: ‐ The DUPLICATE NAMES page is not displayed when 2 waypoints with the same
IDENT belong to the same airway. The system selects the first waypoint found in the
database.
‐ The waypoints or NAVAIDs are ranked by their distance from the aircraft position.
‐ When a waypoint is named using ICAO phonetic alpha characters, a minus sign and
the ICAO code of the country where the waypoint is located, are displayed. e.g. Alpha
in France becomes A-LF; Bravo in England becomes B-EG.
This page displays all the different positions that the FMGC has computed with the various available
methods of navigation. It also shows which method obtained each position. (The positions should be
almost identical).
The pilot calls up this page by pressing the 1L key on the data index page.
Line 1 FMGC 1 This line shows the latitude and longitude, as calculated by the FMGC 1, and
the navigation method used by the FMGC for that calculation (Example: “3
IRS/DME/DME”).
Line 2 FMGC 2 This line shows the latitude and longitude, as calculated by the FMGC 2, and
the navigation method used.
Line 3 RADIO or GPS This line shows the latitude and longitude, calculated by the onside FMGC
or GPIRS from selected radio NAVAIDs (Example: DME/DME, VOR/DME, or LOC) or
from GPS or GPIRS.
Line 4 MIX IRS This line shows the latitude and longitude of the weighted mean inertial
reference system (IRS) calculated by the onside FMGC from the available
IRSs.
Line 5 IRS 1,2,3 This line shows the deviation in nautical miles of each IRS position from the
onside FMGC position. It also displays the IRS mode, which can be INVAL,
ALIGN, NAV or ATT.
Note: INVAL is displayed when an ADIRS has failed, or the IRS position
is not refreshed.
[ 6L ] The pilot presses this key to freeze (or unfreeze) all the data displayed on
FREEZE/UNFREEZE the page. When the data is frozen, the title of the page specifies the time at
which it was frozen.
[ 6R ] SEL NAVAIDS The pilot presses this key to access the selected NAVAIDs page.
[ 6L ] The crew presses this key to manually select or deselect the GPS for
DESELECT/SELECT position computation. Upon transition to the DONE phase, the prompt
GPS returns to DESELECT status.
If the pilot deselects the GPS, “GPS IS DESELECTED” is displayed when
the aircraft is less than 80 nm from the top of descent, or in approach
phase.
[ 1R ] DESELECT to The pilot deselects a NAVAID by entering its identifier in one of these
[ 4R ] six fields. Once deselected in this way, the NAVAID can no longer be
tuned manually through the entry of its IDENT, nor can it be autotuned for
display or determination of the position for the rest of the flight.
The deselection is cleared:
‐ Manually, by a CLR action into this field, or
‐ Automatically upon transition to the done or preflight phase, or upon
activation of the second database.
The pilot may deselect as many as four stations.
[ 6R ] RETURN The pilot presses this key to return to the POSITION MONITOR page.
This page displays the IRS data. The crew calls up this page by pressing the IRS monitor prompt of
the DATA INDEX page.
TITLE DRIFT AT XXXX Displays “DRIFT AT” runway identifier, if at least one IRS average drift is
(amber) displayed.
[1L] to [3L] IRS 1(2) (3) These prompts allow access to the associated IRS pages. Each label line
(white) displays the mode (NAV, ALIGN, ATT or INVAL), the average drift (upon
transition to DONE phase), and the Time To NAV (if IRS in align) for each
IRS.
[1R] to [3R] Displays the status message of the associated IRS in small green font.
List of available messages:
IR FAULT
CHECK C/B
DELAYED MAINT
CDU FAULT
ENTER PPOS
ENTER HEADING
SELECT ATT
REENTER PPOS
EXCESS MOTION
SYS BELOW -15 °
SWITCH ADR
[5R] SET HDG (white) This field is displayed, if at least one IRS is in ATT mode.
This function allows initialization of a heading for IRS in ATT mode:
‐ If a heading has been entered in this field, or on the ADIRS panel, the
value is displayed in blue.
‐ If not, amber boxes are displayed.
[6R] NEXT IRS This prompt enables another IRS page (closed loop IRS 1 → 2 → 3 → 1)
to be displayed.
This page displays the GPS data. The pilot calls up this page by pressing the GPS MONITOR
prompt of the DATA INDEX page.
The system automatically selects the closest 4 airports from the current aircraft position, and displays
them on these pages. A fifth one can be selected by the pilot.
Page 1 displays the bearing, distance, and time to go to each airport; page 2 displays the EFOB and
allows the crew to enter an effective wind to be flown to each airport.
The flight crew accesses the CLOSEST AIRPORTS page 1 by pressing the 5L key from the DATA
INDEX A page. They access the CLOSEST AIRPORTS page 2 by pressing the EFOB/WIND prompt
(6R key) on page 1.
[1L] - [1R] to [4L] - [4R] The closest four airports are extracted from the database, and ranked by
distance from the aircraft position.
BRG Displays the current bearing from the aircraft's position
to the airport.
DIST Displays the current great-circle distance from the
aircraft's position to the airport.
TIME or UTC Displays the predicted time to the airport, computed
using the current wind or a wind vector entered on
page 2, and the speed according to the current mode
(managed or selected).
The time is only computed in cruise phase.
[5L] The crew may enter a fifth airport here, using the 4-letter code. The entry
may be modified at any time, even when “LIST FROZEN” is displayed.
If the pilot enters an airport that is not in the database, then “NOT IN DATABASE” appears in the
scratchpad.
[1L] - [1R] EFOB to [5L] Displays the EFOB at each airport. EFOB is only computed in cruise phase.
- [5R] EFF WIND Used to enter an anticipated headwind or tailwind along the bearing to the
airport. If the entry is preceded by +, T, or TL, a tailwind is assumed.
If the entry is preceded by -, H, or HD, a headwind is assumed.
Before pilot entry, a default value may be displayed, based on the current
wind.
The effective wind is used to compute the EFOB and time to the airport.
[6L] This prompt enables the pilot to freeze and unfreeze the list of four airports.
FREEZE/UNFREEZE The list is automatically frozen when accessing page 2. It will remain frozen
upon returning to page 1.
The “LIST FROZEN” message is always displayed on page 2.
RETURN Returns to page 1.
[6R] EFOB/WIND Gives access to page 2.
Pressing this prompt automatically freezes the list of the four closest
airports.
Note: ‐ If the aircraft position becomes invalid, all fields are dashed, FREEZE/UNFREEZE and
EFOB/WIND prompts are removed, LIST FROZEN is displayed, and the A/C POSITION
INVALID message is displayed in the scratchpad. Page 2 cannot be accessed.
‐ Predictions (EFOB, TIME) displayed on the page assume:
• ECON CRZ speed (managed) or current selected speed (selected)
• CI (for managed speed only) and CRZ FL from primary F-PLN are kept
• constant wind value
• In case of engine out, the aircraft altitude is the minimum of (CRZ FL, EO MAX ALT)
• Downpath steps are not considered
• Descent fuel burn is a conservative value which only depends on the difference
between current CRZ ALT and destination altitude.
The pilot uses this page to require an equitime point computation between two different points
(airport, NAVAID, runway, NDB or waypoint). This pseudo-waypoint (ETP) is displayed on the
navigation display along the F-PLN. The EQUI-TIME POINT page is accessed by pressing the 6L
key from the DATA INDEX page:
[2L] and [4L] TRU WIND The pilot may enter the wind (direction/velocity) at the reference
(blue) waypoint and the CRZ FL:
This wind is used to compute the time from the aircraft's position to the
reference waypoint, and to locate the equitime point.
If no entry is made, the wind/velocity field will read zero.
[2R] and [4R] EPT TO XXX This field displays the bearing distance and the time from the equitime
(green) point position (ETP) to the reference waypoint.
[5R] ETP LOCATION This field displays the ident of the next waypoint following the equitime
point. It provides the distance along the flight plan from the equitime
point to the indicated waypoint.
[6L] - [6R] A/C TO (ETP) This field displays the distance and time from the aircraft's current
DIST/UTC (green) position to the equitime point along the flight plan.
If at least one reference waypoint exists, but no equitime point exists,
the field is blank and NO ETP is displayed in 6L.
Note: The assumptions for the equitime point computation include the cost index, speed managed
(with SPD LIM), and winds.
In case of engine-out, the EO LRC speed is considered.
The PRINT FUNCTION pages enable the crew to print the data relative to the current flight.
This data comes from 2 different sources:
‐ ACARS uplink messages, and
‐ Active data from the current flight.
The pilot may access these pages from the “DATA INDEX” page1/2 by pressing the [6R]
ACARS/PRINT FUNCTION key.
RIGHT COLUMN
MANUAL Displays the status of the manual printing capability of the active data (and not of
the ACARS uplink data).
PRINT * (amber) Pressing the right keys prints the following active data:
Line 1: Active flight plan INIT data
Line 2: Active takeoff data
Line 3: Active wind data
If the star is not displayed, printing is not possible.
When the key is pressed, the star is removed until the data is printed.
[6L] RETURN Pressing this key reverts the display to the DATA INDEX page.
[6R] ACARS FUNCTION Pressing this key reverts the display to the ACARS FUNCTION
page.
PRINT FUNCTION PAGE 2/2
This page describes the printing capabilities of the reports displayed on lines 1 to 4.
LEFT COLUMN
AUTO (white)
* YES (blue) Line 1: The PREFLIGHT report is automatically printed at engine start.
Line 2: The INFLIGHT report is automatically printed at takeoff.
Line 3: The POSTFLIGHT report is automatically printed at engine
shutdown.
* NO (blue) The report, displayed on the line, is not printed automatically. The pilot can
reactivate the function by pressing the left key of the line.
NO (without a star) Automatic printing is internally deactivated for the report. The pilot cannot
reactivate it.
RIGHT COLUMN
MANUAL Pressing a right key prints the report displayed on the line.
PRINT * If the star is not displayed, printing is not possible.
When the key is pressed, the star is removed until the report is printed.
For the PREFLIGHT, INFLIGHT and POSTFLIGHT reports, only one type of
report is available for printing at any given time, depending on the current flight
phase.
For the SEC F-PLN report, the print selection start is only displayed if a
secondary flight plan exists.
The ACARS FUNCTION pages display the functions enabling the crew to send manual requests or
reports to the ground.
All functions, displayed on pages 1 and 2, may be inhibited through a pin program.
The ACARS/PRINT FUNCTION prompt is displayed on the DATA INDEX page 1/2. Pressing this key
displays the PRINT FUNCTION page from which the ACARS FUNCTION page can be accessed.
Line 1 F-PLN INIT REQ* Pressing this key sends a request for flight plan to the ground (downlink
message)
The INIT REQUEST prompt of the INIT A page provides the same
function.
Line 2 TO DATA REQ* Pressing this key sends a request for takeoff data.
Displayed in the DONE and PREFLIGHT phases.
The TO DATA REQUEST prompt of the UPLINK TO DATA REQ page
provides the same function.
Line 3 WIND DATA REQ* Pressing this key sends a request for wind data.
The WIND REQUEST prompt of the CLIMB, CRUISE, and DESCENT
WIND pages provides the same function.
Note: If “REQ” is not followed by a star, the request cannot be sent (downlink message).
When a function (line 1 or 2 or 3) is deactivated internally, the corresponding line is blank.
[6L] RETURN The pilot presses this key to make the display revert to the DATA INDEX
page.
[6R] PRINT FUNCTION The pilot presses this key to access the PRINT FUNCTION page. (Refer to
DSC-22_20-50-10-25 Print Function Pages).
This page allows the flight crew to send a request for takeoff data for up to 2 runways. There is one
page for each runway. The page is accessed from the PERF TAKEOFF page, or from the UPLINK
XXX (MAX or DRT or FLX) TO DATA page, by pressing the UPLINK TO DATA prompt.
TITLE White.
[ 1L ] TOW/TOCG This field is dashed, until a runway is defined in the [ 1R ] field.
(green) The TOW/TOCG is defaulted to the values of the INIT B and FUEL PRED
pages. If not available, dashes are displayed.
It cannot be modified by the pilot.
[ 2L ] TEMP/QNH or This field is dashed, until a runway is defined in the [ 1R ] field. It displays
QFE (green/blue) the temperature at origin and baro setting.
TEMP = If the temperature is not defined, blue brackets are displayed, and
the flight crew can modify this field according to the weather information.
BARO = Defaulted to FCU selection and can be modified by the pilot.
[ 3L ] MAG WIND (blue) This field is dashed, until a runway is defined in the [ 1R ] field. It displays
the wind at the origin.
If the wind is not defined, blue brackets are displayed.
The pilot can modify this field.
[ 4L ] CONTAM (blue) This field is dashed, until a runway is defined in the [ 1R ] field. The display
is defaulted to DRY.
The scroll keys allow the crew to modify the runway contamination.
DRY, WET, 1/4 WATER, 1/2 WATER, 1/4 SLUSH, 1/2 SLUSH, COMP
SNOW.
[ 6L ] RECEIVED TO This field calls up the UPLINK MAX (or FLX or DRT) TO DATA page that
DATA displays the data received by AOC.
[ 1R ] SHIFT/RWY This field is dashed, until a runway is defined in the F-PLN. If a runway is
(blue) defined in the F-PLN, it is automatically filled in as:
SHIFT = Value from the PERF TO page, or blue brackets [ ], if no
value is defined.
RWY = F-PLN departure runway. The pilot can modify this field.
[ 2R ] TO LIMIT (blue) It is dashed, until a runway is defined in the [ 1R ] field.
It displays blue brackets [ ], when a runway is defined.
The pilot may enter a length, considering runway obstacles.
[ 3R ] FLAPS/THS This field is dashed, until a runway is defined in the [ 1R ] field; it is then
(blue) defaulted to values from the PERF TO page. Blue brackets are displayed, if
the PERF TO page does not have any defined values.
[ 4R ] FLEX TO TEMP This field is dashed, until a runway is defined in the [ 1R ] field; it is then
(blue) defaulted to values from the PERF TO page. Blue brackets are displayed, if
the PERF TO page does not have any defined values.
The pilot can modify this field and enter a FLEX TO temperature (FXX).
[ 6R ] TO DATA Pressing the key sends the takeoff data request message to the ground.
REQUEST* (amber) The asterisk disappears when the request is sent. It reappears when the
data is available.
Page 2/2 is a page used for requesting a second runway data.
Note: If the UPLINK TO DATA REQ Page 2 is accessed (Page 1 being filled), the fields of this
page are filled with default values after entry of a runway in [ 1R ]. QNH or QFE and wind
are common with Page 1.
This page is accessed from the UPLINK TO DATA REQ page by pressing the RECEIVED TO DATA
key.
There is a set of 2 pages (MAX TO DATA and FLEX TO DATA) for each of the 4 uplinked runway
data. Uplinked data is displayed in green. (It cannot be modified by the flight crew).
[1L] TOW/TOCG Uplinked reference Takeoff Gross Weight and Takeoff Center of Gravity.
[2L] TEMP/QNH (or Uplinked assumed temperature and BARO setting.
QFE)
[3L] MAG WIND Uplinked takeoff runway wind.
[4L] CONTAM Uplinked takeoff runway contamination.
[5L] THR RED/ACC Uplinked Thrust Reduction and Acceleration altitudes.
[6L] UPLINK TO DATA Pressing the key calls up the UPLINK TO DATA REQ page.
V1, VR, V2 Uplinked takeoff speeds.
[1R] SHIFT/RWY Uplinked TO runway IDENT, runway intersection and position shift.
[2R] TO LIMIT Uplinked runway length remaining.
[3R] FLAPS/THS Uplinked FLAPS/SLATS CONF and TRIM position.
[4R] FLEX TO Pressing this key calls up the UPLINK FLEX TO DATA pages.
[5R] ENG OUT ACC Uplinked engine-out acceleration altitude.
[ 6R ] INSERT UPLINK* Uplinked takeoff data is available for insertion.
Selecting this prompt inserts the following data on the PERF TO page:
‐ V1, VR, V2
‐ THR RED/ACC, ENG OUT ACC altitudes
‐ FLAPS/THS
‐ SHIFT
‐ FLEX
The display reverts to the PERF TO page, the asterisk disappears.
This field is not displayed, if the runway does not match the active runway.
If the runway matches the active runway but the uplinked TOW differs from
the current TOW (the uplinked TOW is 3 t greater or 1 t lower than the TOW
estimated by the FMS):
‐ The asterisk disappears and the insertion is not possible
‐ The TOW value is displayed in amber in [1L] field.
Line 1 F-PLN RPT Pressing this key sends the flight plan report to the ground.
SEND
Line 2 POSITION RPT Pressing this key sends a Position Report to the ground.
SEND
Note: ‐ No report can be sent, if “SEND” is not followed by a star
‐ When a function (line 1 or 2) is deactivated through the navigation database policy file,
the corresponding line is blank.
[6L] RETURN The pilot presses this key to revert to the DATA INDEX page.
[6R] PRINT FUNCTION The pilot presses this key to access the PRINT FUNCTION page.
PERF PAGE
The FMGS flight phases are not related to the FWC flight phases.
Line 6 Fields may display two different prompts, depending upon whether the
phase is active or not.
[6L] PREV PHASE To review the performance page for the previous phase.
The prompt is unavailable on the takeoff performance page. It is also
unavailable for phases already flown.
[6L] ACTIVATE APPR To activate, then confirm, the APPR phase. Available only on the page
PHASE corresponding to the active phase.
[6R] NEXT PHASE To review the performance page for the next phase.
Note: Engine-out condition
‐ When the FMGS detects an engine-out condition, the system automatically calls up
the performance page for the current flight phase (except when this occurs before the
diversion point during takeoff or no EOSID exists in the flight plan) and displays “EO
CLR*” in the [1R] field and EO LRC (engine-out long range cruise) in the [2L] field. On
the CLB, CRZ and DES (when the descent phase is not active) PERF pages, the pilot
can enter a cost index value and overwrite to “EO LRC”. Clearing the cost index reverts
to EO LRC.
If the pilot presses the [1R] key, the system reverts to the normal processing (with no
engine failed) and suppresses the EO information. (Refer to DSC-22_20-30-10-15
General).
‐ If the engine-out condition is detected before the diversion point at takeoff, a temporary
flight plan is created.
During the preflight phase, the pilot presses the PERF key to call up the takeoff performance page.
TITLE TAKE OFF RWY is in large green font when the takeoff phase is active, and
in large white font when it is inactive. The active flight plan selected runway
is displayed in large green font.
Note: If the takeoff shift, or the flaps/THS, or the runway is changed after
V1, VR or V2 insertion, but the origin airport remains the same,
the MCDU “CHECK TAKE OFF DATA” message appears. All
takeoff parameters are retained except in case of runway change.
In case of runway change, the parameters are invalidated, but
still displayed adjacent to each field. The “CONFIRM TO DATA”
prompt in [6R] allows reverting to the previous values.
[1L] V1 [2L] VR [3L] V2 The boxes remain amber, as long as the pilot does not make entries in them.
The pilot can modify any entry, as long as the takeoff phase is not active.
Note: 1. If the flight crew does not enter V2, the SRS mode will be
unavailable at takeoff.
2. The MCDU “V1/VR/V2 DISAGREE” amber message appears if
the inserted V1, VR, V2 speeds do not satisfy the condition: V1 ≤
VR ≤ V2.
3. The MCDU “TO SPEED TOO LOW” amber message appears
if the inserted V1, VR, V2 speeds do not satisfy the existing
regulatory conditions regarding VMC and VS1G speeds.
[4L] TRANS ALT This field displays the navigation database default altitude (if defined) once
(transion altitude) the origin airport is entered. The pilot can modify it.
[5L] THR RED (thrust This is the altitude at which the pilot should reduce the thrust from
reduction altitude) TOGA/FLX to MAX CLIMB (CL detent) with all engines operative (“CLB” or
“LVR CLB” flashing on the FMA).
‐ The thrust reduction altitude defaults to 1 500 ft above the runway
elevation, or to the altitude set by the airline
‐ The pilot can modify this altitude: The minimum is 400 ft above the runway
elevation.
ACC (Acceleration This is the altitude at which the climb phase is triggered.
altitude) ‐ The target speed jumps to the initial climb speed
‐ The default value is 1 500 ft above runway elevation
‐ The flight crew can modify the value. The minimum value is 400 ft above
runway elevation, and it can be higher than, or equal to, or lower than
THR RED.
Note: ‐ A clearing action reverts both values to the defaulted ones
‐ When the flight crew selects an altitude on the FCU that is
below THR RED, it brings THR RED and ACC down to this
altitude. (The 400 ft minimum still applies).
[6L] UPLINK TO DATA This key calls up the UPLINK TO DATA REQ page.
It is only displayed in the preflight and done phases.
[1R] EO CLR EO CLR is displayed when an engine-out is detected and when active flight
phase is takeoff.
[2R] TO SHIFT The takeoff shift is the distance in meters or feet between the beginning
of the runway and the aircraft's takeoff position. When taking off from an
intersection, the flight crew should insert this value to ensure a correct
update of the FM position. The takeoff shift value must be positive, and
cannot be greater than the runway length.
[3R] FLAPS/THS This is a flight crew entry for the positions of the flaps and the trimmable
horizontal stabilizer (THS) at takeoff.
The flight crew can modify it until takeoff, by entering “UP X.X” or “X.X UP”,
or “DN X.X” or “X.X DN” for the THS.
[4R] FLX TO TEMP The flight crew inserts the FLX TO temperature for FLX takeoff setting
purposes. The flight crew can only enter it during preflight.
The system sends it to the FADEC and displays the entered data on the
upper ECAM display. The TEMP value is always entered in degrees Celsius.
[5R] ENG OUT ACC This field displays the engine-out acceleration altitude, as defined in the
database, or is manually entered by the flight crew. This is for display only,
as a reminder. It cannot be cleared. The above ACC altitude rules of [5L]
apply to this field.
[6R] NEXT PAGE or This key calls up the climb performance page, or allows the flight crew to
CONFIRM TO DATA* revert to the previously-entered T.O. parameters, in case of runway change
with the same origin airport.
TITLE CLB is displayed in large white fonts when the climb phase is inactive, and in
large green fonts if it is active.
[1L] ACT MODE This field displays the preselected or active speed mode: SELECTED or
MANAGED.
The pilot cannot modify it from this field.
[2L] CI (Cost Index) This field displays the cost index, as initialized on the INIT A or defaulted
from the database, or inserted in this field by the pilot. EO LRC automatically
replaces the cost index value in case of engine-out.
[3L] MANAGED This field displays the FMGS computed ECON speed/Mach (Refer to
DSC-22_20-40-10 Optimization).
Before CLIMB phase is active, if the preselected speed mode is SELECTED,
a star is displayed next to the MANAGED speed. Pressing the 3L key in this
case preselects MANAGED speed, and 4L reverts to brackets.
TITLE CRZ in white large font, when cruise phase is not active, in green large font,
when it is.
[1L] ACT MODE This field shows the preselected or active speed mode: SELECTED or
MANAGED.
The pilot cannot modify it through this field.
[2L] CI This field shows the cost index as initialized on the INIT A page or defaulted
from the database, or as inserted in this field by the crew.
EO LRC replaces automatically the cost index value in case of engine out.
[3L] MANAGED This field displays the FMGS computed ECON speed/Mach (Refer to
DSC-22_20-40-10 Optimization).
Before CRUISE phase is active, if the preselected speed mode is
SELECTED, a star is displayed next to the MANAGED speed. Pressing the
3L key in this case preselects MANAGED speed, and 4L reverts to brackets.
[4L] PRESEL If cruise phase is not active:
The pilot can enter a preselected speed or Mach number.
If cruise phase is active:
This field is blank.
[6L] PREV PHASE or The pilot can press this key to call up the climb page, if the cruise phase is
not yet active.
[6L] ACTIVATE APPR This field displays this legend if the cruise phase is active. The flight crew
PHASE presses the key once to change the legend to “CONFIRM APPR PHASE*”.
A second press activates the approach phase.
Note: If the pilot activates the approach phase inadvertently, it can
reselect the cruise flight level into the progress page to reactivate
the cruise phase.
[ 1R ] TIME/UTC DES Before takeoff this field displays the flight time to destination and the
EFOB predicted remaining fuel on board. If the crew enters an estimated takeoff
time, the field displays automatically the predicted arrival time (UTC) at
destination. After takeoff it displays the predicted arrival time at destination
(UTC) and the remaining fuel on board (DEST EFOB) at destination,
in green font. The DEST EFOB field will turn to amber, if the EFOB at
destination becomes less than the MIN DEST FOB value displayed on the
FUEL PRED page. EO CLR is displayed when an engine-out is detected.
[2R] STEP TO FL XX, The field, in combination with 3R, displays the predictions for the step point
DRIFT DOWN TO FL and the step altitude, the drift down altitude, or the Top of Descent.
XX, or TO T/D
[3R] TIME/UTC and This field displays the time and distance to go to the various points identified
DIST in 2R.
[4R] DES CABIN RATE This field displays MAX [computed DES cabin rate, maximum descent cabin
rate]. The pilot may modify the value: the FM recomputes then the top of
descent in order to match this value. If the FM cannot match the pilot entry,
the FM computed value overwrites the pilot entry.
A clear action reverts to the default value (-350 ft/min). DES CAB RATE
being a negative value, 'minus” is not a necessary entry.
[5R] STEP ALTS This key calls up the STEP ALTS page (vertical revision Refer to
DSC-22_20-50-10-25 VERTICAL REVISION Pages).
[6R] NEXT PHASE This key calls up the DES page.
TITLE DES is in large white font if the descent phase is not active; it is in large
green font, if it is.
[1L] ACT MODE This field displays the preselected or active speed mode (MANAGED or
SELECTED). The flight crew cannot modify it through this field.
[2L] CI This field displays the cost index, as initialized on the INIT A page or
defaulted from the database, or inserted in this field by the flight crew. The
flight crew cannot modify it when the descent phase is active.
[ 1R ] TIME/UTC DEST Before takeoff, this field displays the flight time to destination and the
EFOB predicted remaining fuel on board. If the crew enters an estimated takeoff
time, the field displays automatically the predicted arrival time (UTC).
After takeoff, it displays the predicted arrival time at destination (UTC) and
the remaining fuel on board (DEST EFOB) at destination in green font. The
DEST EFOB field will turn to amber, if the EFOB at destination becomes
less than the MIN DEST FOB value displayed on the FUEL PRED page. EO
CLR is displayed when an engine-out is detected.
[2R] PRED TO... This field displays the target altitude for the predictions in [3R] [4R], or [5R].
The display defaults to the altitude selected on the FCU. The flight crew can
modify it to any altitude lower than present altitude.
[3R] [4R] [5R] These fields display time and distance predictions down to the target altitude
selected in [2R], computed for the current vertical mode (DES or OP DES)
and the indicated speed mode (MANAGED, SELECTED).
[6R] NEXT PHASE The pilot presses this key to call up the PERF APPR page.
TITLE APPR is in large white font, if the approach phase is not active; it is in large
green font, if it is.
[1L] QNH This field displays brackets, when the aircraft is more than 180 nm from the
destination. Inside 180 nm, a mandatory amber box appears. The flight crew
must enter the QNH in hPa or in inches of mercury.
‐ For hPa, enter three or four digits
‐ For inches of mercury:
• Enter two digits, or
• Enter two digits followed by a decimal point and two additional digits.
The system interprets:
‐ 1 003 as 1 003 hPa;
‐ 29 as 29.00 in.
‐ 29.92 as 29.92 in.
Note: An erroneous entry of an OAT in QNH field, for example 22 °C, or
a higher value, is accepted by the system.
The flight crew can modify this entry at any time.
The Cabin Pressure Controller (CPC) uses the QNH to compute the cabin
repressurization segment. Therefore, an erroneous QNH entry may result in
a cabin pressurization that is not appropriate.
[2L] TEMP This field displays the temperature at destination. The field displays brackets
until the pilot enters the temperature. The pilot can modify this figure.
The system uses this temperature to refine its computation of the descent
profile (ISA model).
[3L] MAG WIND The flight crew enters the magnetic wind in knots at the destination in
this field. The system transmits any entry made in this field to the vertical
revision and flight plan B pages (which display wind direction as true, not
magnetic).
[4L] TRANS ALT This field displays the transition altitude taken from the data base (small font)
or entered by the flight crew (large font).
The flight crew can modify it at any time.
[5L] VAPP The FMGC computes this approach speed, using the formula
VAPP = VLS + 1/3 of the headwind components (limited to VLS + 5 as a
minimum and VLS + 15 as a maximum).
The flight crew can modify VAPP. A clear action reverts VAPP to the
computed value.
Note: VLS = 1.23 VS1G of the selected landing configuration (full or 3).
[6L] PREV PAGE This field displays this legend if the approach phase is not active.
Pressing this key calls up the descent performance page.
[1R] FINAL This field displays the approach specified in the flight plan.
The flight crew cannot modify it through this field.
[2R] BARO (blue) This field displays the minimum descent altitude (or minimum descent
height if the QFE pin program is activated), with associated brackets. The
referenced altitude is barometric altitude. The flight crew inserts the value,
which it can modify at any time.
If the flight crew makes an entry in [3R] or changes the approach, it clears
this figure. The BARO range is 0 to 5 000 ft above landing elevation.
[3R] RADIO (blue) If the flight plan includes an ILS or MLS approach, this field displays
”RADIO” and empty brackets. For a Cat II or Cat III approach, the flight crew
inserts the decision height. The decision height is a radio altimeter height.
The system will accept an entry of “NO”, “NODH” or “ NO DH”. If the flight
crew inserts a BARO value in [2R] field, this erases the decision height, and
this field reverts to brackets. The RADIO range is 0 to 700 ft.
[4R] LDG CONF CONF The flight crew can select configuration 3 by pressing the 4R key.
3 This moves the * down to the [5R] field, which is displaying “FULL”.
[5R] FULL The flight crew can use this key to select configuration FULL when
necessary configuration FULL is the default landing configuration.
[6R] NEXT PHASE Pressing this key calls up the go-around performance page.
TITLE GO AROUND is in large white font, if the go-around phase is not active; it is
in large green font, if it is.
[5L] THR RED ACC This field displays the thrust reduction altitude and the acceleration altitude.
Thrust reduction altitude:
‐ Altitude at which thrust must be reduced from takeoff/go-around thrust to
maximum climb thrust
‐ “CLB” or “LVR CLB” flashing on flight mode annunciator
‐ Defaults to 1 500 ft above destination runway elevation, or to the altitude
set by the airline
‐ Can be modified by the crew (minimum 400 ft above destination runway
elevation).
Acceleration altitude:
‐ Altitude at which target speed jumps to green-dot speed (see the note
below)
‐ Defaults to 1 500 ft above destination runway elevation, or to the altitude
set by the airline.
‐ Can be modified by the crew, but is always equal to (or higher than) the
thrust reduction altitude.
[6L] PREV PHASE or This field displays this legend if the go-around phase is not active.
Pressing the key calls up the PERF APPR page.
ACTIVATE APPR This field displays this legend if the go-around phase is active.
PHASE Pressing it once makes “CONFIRM APPR” appear.
A second press activates the approach phase.
[5R] ENG OUT ACC This display has the same characteristics as the display beside the 5R key
on the takeoff page. It is for display only, and the pilot can modify it.
[6R] NEXT PHASE Pressing this key calls up the PERF APPR page.
[IR] Blank or EO CLR* This field is normally blank.
EO CLR* is displayed when GO AROUND is the active phase and an
engine-out condition is detected.
Note: When the go-around phase is active, if the pilot enables ALTN or if the pilot inserts a new
destination in the active flight plan and a new cruise flight level on the progress page, the
go-around phase shifts automatically into the climb phase. (The target speed jumps from
green dot speed to initial climb speed).
PROG PAGES
The progress page is a multifunction page that enables the pilot to:
‐ Select a new cruise flight level
‐ Crosscheck the navigation accuracy of the Flight Management (FM) system and validate it
TITLE Different for each flight phase (see above). The vertical phase is in large
green font. The flight number is in large white font. EO is large amber font, if
the engine-out condition is detected.
Line 1 CRZ (blue) This line displays the cruise flight level, inserted on the INIT A page or
directly in this field in blue. If the flight crew uses the FCU to select an
altitude that is higher than the one displayed in this field, the system
changes the number displayed to agree. In this line, the flight crew cannot
insert a flight level that is lower than the FCU-selected altitude.
This field shows dashes when the descent or approach phase is active.
OPT This field displays the optimum flight level (in green), that is computed based
on the current gross weight, cost index, temperature and wind. This flight
level requires a 5 min minimum cruise at a minimum cruise flight level of
FL 100.
It displays dashes if an engine-out is detected.
REC MAX This field displays the recommended maximum altitude (in magenta), that
is computed based on the current gross weight and temperature, and
assuming that the anti-ice is off (Refer to QRH/PER-G Optimum & Maximum
Altitudes, if icing conditions are expected). It provides the aircraft with a 0.3 g
buffet margin, a minimum rate of climb at MAX CL thrust, and level flight at
MAX CRZ thrust. This field is limited to FL 398.
If one engine is out, this field displays the recommended maximum
engine-out altitude, that is computed based on the long-range cruise speed
and assuming that anti-ice is off.
[2L] REPORT This key calls up the REPORT PAGE.
[2R] VDEV This field is displayed during the descent and approach phases, when NAV
mode is engaged, or in HDG mode, provided that the crosstrack error (XTK)
is less than 5 nm. It displays the vertical deviation between the aircraft's
current altitude and the FMS-computed vertical profile.
Line 3 POSITION The flight crew can update the FMS position via this field by entering either
UPDATE AT the IDENT of a waypoint, a NAVAID, an airport, a latitude and longitude (LL),
a place/bearing/distance, or a place-bearing/place-bearing (PBX).
When the flight crew has entered this data, this field changes its format to:
“CONFIRM UPDATE AT”, followed by the latitude/longitude and IDENT of
the inserted position with an asterisk.
The flight crew presses the right-hand key adjacent to the asterisk to confirm
the update, when the aircraft overflies the inserted position.
Note: If no IDENT has been inserted, the field displays “ENTRY” instead of an IDENT.
Line 4 BRG/DIST On this line, the pilot can enter an airport, a waypoint, a NAVAID, or a
runway. The pilot may enter each as an IDENT, a latitude/longitude (LL), a
place/bearing/distance (PBD), or a place-bearing/place-bearing (PBX). The
field then shows the FMGC-computed bearing and distance from this site to
the aircraft's present position. The last distance digit is in 1/10 of a NM. If it
does not have an IDENT, the point is called “ENTRY”.
Example:
BRG/DIST
340 °/95.4 to ENTRY
[5L] PREDICTIVE GPS This prompt gives access to the PREDICTIVE GPS page.
[5R] GPS PRIMARY This prompt is displayed, when the FMS navigation mode is GPS PRIMARY.
When GPS PRIMARY is not available, or navigation mode is not GPS/IRS,
this field is blank.
The scratchpad displays the relevant “GPS PRIMARY″ message when this
prompt appears; and “GPS PRIMARY LOST”, when the field turns to blank.
[6L] REQUIRED This field displays the default value for the required navigation accuracy
level. The pilot can modify it. Provided no pilot entry has been made, the
default value changes according to the actual flight area (En route, terminal,
approach Refer to DSC-22_20-20-20 Navigation Accuracy Check).
ACCUR HIGH/LOW This field shows the flight management system's estimate of the navigational
accuracy. “HIGH” indicates that the FMS estimates that the navigational
accuracy matches the accuracy criteria of the area currently flown. “LOW”
indicates that the criteria are not matched.
[6R] ESTIMATED This field displays the current estimated navigation accuracy value (EPE) as
computed by the FMS.
[1L] DEST Destination, airport as currently selected in active flight plan. It is not
modifiable. This field displays dashes, when no destination airport exists.
[1R] ETA This field is defaulted to the Estimated Arrival Time, as computed by the
FMS (small blue font). The pilot may enter a value in this field (large blue
font). Amber boxes are displayed, when no prediction exists, or the crew
entry has been cleared.
Line 2 PRIMARY Y/N Predicted primary status at destination airport, at the following times:
Estimated time of arrival ±5, 10, 15 min.
Availability of GPS PRIMARY at the corresponding time is indicated by
Y, when PRIMARY is predicted to be available; and, by N, when GPS
PRIMARY is predicted not to be available.
These fields are blanked when the destination [1L] field, or the time [1R] field
is not defined.
[3L] WPT The pilot may enter a reference waypoint in this field. Blue brackets are
displayed, when no entry has been made.
[3R] ETA When a reference waypoint has been entered in the [3L] field, amber boxes
are displayed.
The crew is requested to enter a reference time in this field.
Line 4 PRIMARY Y/N Information equivalent to [2L] / [2R] is displayed for any pilot-selected
waypoint. The corresponding time of arrival is also displayed.
Line 5 DESELECTED Enables the pilot to deselect up to four satellites by inserting the
SATELLITES and Line corresponding satellite number ; the number is then displayed in large blue
6 SATELLITES font. When deactivated, the satellites are not considered for predictive GPS
availability at destination, or at the selected waypoint. The deselection is
cancelled when the entry is cleared (blue brackets are displayed), or the field
is overwritten by a different satellite number.
ERRONEOUS GPS PREDICTIONS
The following procedure must be followed whenever a GPS RAIM availability Check is necessary.
If the predictive GPS status appears at the different times (ETA -15 min, -10 min, -5 min, 0 min,
+5 min, +10 min, +15 min) as for example N, N, N, Y, N, N, N, the displayed N may be spurious.
To determine the GPS availability at ETA -15:
‐ Enter the destination in the WPT field [3L],
‐ Enter, the ETA -15 value in the ETA field [3R] on the MCDU PREDICTIVE GPS page and check
that a “Y” is displayed at the ETA time.
Repeat this last action as necessary for each different times: -10, -5, 0, +5, +10, +15.
REPORT PAGE
The pilot calls this page by pressing the [2L] key on the PROG page:
This page displays information related to the FROM, TO, NEXT and DEST waypoints, as well as the
current wind, temperature, distance and time to the next cruise profile change.
TITLE (White) Displays the flight number. This line displays EO in amber, in case an
engine-out is detected.
[1L] OVHD (green) Displays the last sequenced waypoint. This field never displays the
pseudo-waypoints and the F-PLN markers (T-P, PPOS, IN-BND,
OUT-BND).
[1R] UTC/TIME ALT This field displays the time and altitude recorded at the time of sequence.
(green)
[2L]-[2R] TO (green) This field displays the active waypoint, predicted time of arrival and predicted
altitude at this waypoint.
Note: Time and altitude values are identical to those values on the F-PLN
pages.
This page enables the pilot to select or verify the radio NAVAIDs, tuned for display purposes only.
These NAVAIDs include: VOR, VOR/DME, TAC, VORTAC, ILS, and ADF.
Line 1 VOR1/FREQ This line displays the identifiers and frequencies of VORs 1 and 2, whether
FREQ/VOR2 they are automatically or manually tuned.
To manually tune a VOR, the pilot inserts the IDENT or frequency. If the
IDENT is not in the database, the new NAVAID page comes up. A “clear”
action reverts the selection to the autotuned NAVAID.
Line 2 CRS This line displays courses for the NAVAIDs in Line 1.
The pilot can manually enter the courses through these fields.
[3L] LS/FREQ This field displays the IDENT of an ILS and its frequency (for ILS). It is
autotuned, if the ILS is associated to the departure runway, or if the flight
plan contains an ILS approach. The flight crew may also enter an ILS
manually. When the manually entered ILS differs from the ILS that the FMS
would autotune, “RWY-LS MISMATCH” appears.
[4L] CRS SLOPE CRS: This field displays the course associated with the LS displayed in
Line 3. It comes up automatically if an LS is autotuned, or if an LS has
been manually tuned via its IDENT. Otherwise, the course must be entered
manually. The course may be backbeam (Bxxx) or frontbeam (Fxxx)..
SLOPE: This field displays the slope associated with the LS displayed in
Line 3. It comes up automatically if an LS is autotuned for approach, or if an
LS has been manually tuned via its IDENT.
Note: 1. The slope does not apply to LOC only, LDA, SDF or Backbeam
approaches.
2. If the flight crew intends to manually tune an ILS that is not in the
navigation database or to manually tune an ILS by its frequency
(ident not entered), and if they do not enter the course, the flight
crew will to arm approach modes.
Line 5 ADF1/FREQ This line displays the identifiers and frequencies of ADFs 1 and 2.
FREQ/ADF2 The pilot can use the IDENT or the frequency to manually tune the ADF.
Line 6 ADF1/BFO When an ADF is selected, these fields display an ADF/BFO prompt. The
BFO/ADF2 flight crew presses the key once to erase the arrow and put the ADF in BFO
mode. A clear action brings the arrow back and cancels BFO.
Note: ‐ The autotune function only works for NAVAIDs stored in the database.
‐ When tuning manually, the operator should use the IDENT, rather than the frequency,
unless the NAVAID is not in the database.
‐ Manually-tuned frequencies are displayed in large font.
SECONDARY PAGES
The SEC F-PLN key on the MCDU console allows the flight crew to call up the secondary index
page and the secondary flight plan page. The secondary flight plan is generally for a diversion, for
predictable runway changes for takeoff or landing, or for training.
There are two types of secondary index pages. The type selected depends on the presence of a
secondary flight plan.
[1L] COPY ACTIVE The flight crew presses this key to copy the active flight plan into the
(blue) secondary flight plan and delete the previous secondary plan.
[2L] SEC F-PLN The flight crew presses this key to call up the secondary flight plan
(white) pages.
[3L] DELETE SEC The flight crew presses this key to delete the current secondary flight
(blue) plan.
[4L] ACTIVATE SEC The flight crew presses this key to activate the secondary flight plan as
(amber) the active flight plan.
Note: “ACTIVATE SEC” routinely appears if the HDG/TRK mode is active. If the NAV mode
is active, “ACTIVATE SEC” appears only if the active and secondary flight plans have
a common active leg.
[ 1R ] INIT (white) The flight crew presses this key to call up the SEC INIT A page.
[2R] PERF (white) The flight crew presses this key to call up the performance pages for the
secondary flight plan.
[1L] COPY ACTIVE The pilot presses this key to copy the primary active flight plan into the
(blue) secondary flight plan.
[2L] SEC F-PLN The pilot presses this key to call up the secondary flight plan pages.
(white)
[1R] INIT (white) The pilot presses this key to call up the secondary INIT page.
It is similar to the active INIT page, but blue brackets replace all the
amber boxes.
SECONDARY FLIGHT PLAN PAGES
The secondary flight plan pages A and B are identical to those of the active flight plan, but are
automatically sequenced, only when the secondary is copied from the primary and their active legs
are identical.
The active and secondary flight plans pages differ from each other as follows:
SECONDARY LATERAL REVISION PAGES:
‐ ERASE and INSERT are not displayed.
‐ FIX INFO is not available.
‐ A lateral revision of the secondary flight plan does not create a temporary flight plan:
All revisions are directly applied to the secondary flight plan.
SECONDARY VERTICAL REVISION PAGES:
A vertical revision on the secondary flight plan does not create a temporary flight plan.
SECONDARY INIT A AND B PAGES:
‐ They use blue brackets, instead of amber boxes.
‐ They have no align prompt.
‐ They do not provide for slewing or entering data in the 4L-4R fields (airport reference).
[2R] INIT REQUEST* Enable to request init data from the ground or,
[2R] INSERT UPLINK* A downlink message has been received following a request.
The message can be cleared or entered in the SEC INIT page.
The MCDU features a back up navigation function which provides simplified point-to-point GPIRS
and IRS based navigation in case of a dual FM failure.
The backup Navigation mode allows limited lateral flight planning within the MCDU, that can be used
to drive the Navigation Display and provides relative path position information and auto-sequencing
of the Backup Navigation flight plan. The Backup Navigation flight plan reflects, as much as possible,
the active primary FM flight plan upon its initial activation.
During FM normal operation, the F-PLN is continuously downloaded in the MCDU memory: the
BACK UP NAV function links the MCDU of the failed FM to its onside IRS. All navigation data related
to the MCDU F-PLN are displayed on the associated ND.
BACK UP NAV function is activated on the MCDU MENU page by pressing the NAV B/UP prompt.
The MCDU back-up F-PLN may accept a maximum of 165 legs, including information such as
waypoint position/identification, leg type, discontinuity, overfly and turn direction information (radial,
pattern, heading leg... cannot be part of the MCDU F-PLN). No secondary or temporary F-PLN
exists.
BACK UP NAV pages display the data related to the BACK UP NAV function. There are six pages
available while BACK UP NAV is active:
‐ B/UP F-PLN
‐ B/UP F-PLN for DIRECT TO
‐ B/UP PROG
‐ B/UP IRS for onside IRS (1+2)
‐ B/UP IRS 3
‐ B/UP GPS (if the GPS is installed)
B/UP F-PLN PAGE
The B/UP F-PLN page displays the MCDU F-PLN data. The pilot calls up this page by pressing
the F-PLN key while B/UP NAV is active.
line 2 BRG/DIST/TTG/TOAllows the flight crew to enter an existing MCDU F-PLN waypoint
identifier or LAT/LONG or IDENT/LAT/LONG.
MCDU then computes bearing, distance and time to go to that waypoint
from the present position.
The pilot may modify or clear this entry (2R field).
BRG True or magnetic outbound track of the great circle joining
aircraft present position to the entered waypoint: dependent on
the TRUE pb-sw position.
DIST limited to 9 999.
TTG HHMM limited to 9 959. time to go to the entered position
computed assuming current ground speed.
These fields are displayed in a green small font.
They are dashed if present position is unavailable.
[3L] Means of navigation used by the Back-Up Navigation. If GPS is fitted
and is the navigation source, “GPS NAV” is displayed, otherwise “IRS
ONLY NAV” is displayed.
If the GPS is not installed, this field is blank.
[4L] IRS 1 (2 or 3) Current aircraft position provided by the selected IRS GPIRS
BASED POS GPIRS 1 (2 IRS 1 (or 3 if IRS 1 failed) on MCDU 1
or 3) (green) IRS 2 (or 3 if IRS 2 failed) on MCDU 2
GPIRS 1 (or GPIRS 3) or MCDU 1
GPIRS 2 (or GPIRS 3) or MCDU 2
[4R] GS (green) Current ground speed from the selected IRS or GPS .
[5L] DTRK/TRK (green) Desired track of the MCDU F-PLN active leg and current aircraft track
from the selected IRS/GPS (True or Mag).
These tracks are true or magnetic depending on TRUE pb-sw
position.
[6L] IRS 1 (2) Gives access to onside B/UP IRS (1 or 2) page
[6R] GPS Gives access to B/UP GPS page.
This prompt only appears when the GPS is installed.
B/UP IRS 1 OR 2 OR 3 PAGE
Display IRS 1, 2, 3 navigation data.
The pilot calls up this page from B/UP PROG page, by pressing the corresponding prompt.
[5R] DESELECT/SELECT GPS: The flight crew may select and deselect the
GPS for navigation Backup function. The default configuration is GPS
selected.
FMS2 Honeywell
Messages displayed on the MCDU are of two types and displayed in two colors.
Type I : A direct result of a pilot action;
Type II : Information about a situation, or a call for pilot action;
Type II messages are stored in a first-in/first-out message queue (5 messages max)
They are suppressed, if correct data is entered or when they no longer apply
The flight crew can clear all messages by pressing the CLEAR key on the MCDU console.
Amber (A) : Important
White (W) : Less important
MESSAGE TYPE/COLOR CONDITIONS
A/C POSITION INVALID II/A The aircraft position has become invalid. If the message has been
cleared and the flight crew attempts to call up the HOLD at PPOS
or DIR TO page while the aircraft position is still invalid, then the
message is displayed again.
ACT RTE UPLINK II/W A flight plan is stored in the active flight plan.
(ACARS msg)
ALIGN IRS II/A Appears when the IRS are ready for alignment, but the INIT A
page is not displayed on either side of the flight deck. The ALIGN
IRS message requires that one of the flight crew call up the IRS
INIT page, to align the IRS.
AREA RNP IS XX-XX II/A Displayed when the RNP value, manually-entered on the PROG
page, is larger than the default RNP value associated to the
current flight area and when there is no RNP value defined in the
navigation database for the active leg or route.
AWY/WPT MISMATCH I/W The pilot entered VIA on the AIRWAYS page does not contain the
revised point. If you enter a second airway IDENT, it must contain
the first airway ending point.
BLOCK IGNORES RTA II/W A time constraint existing at initiation of flight planning, or an entry
of a time constraint made after initiation of flight planning, are
ignored by the fuel planning function.
CABIN RATE EXCEEDED II/W This message appears when the aircraft gets within 200 nm of the
destination and the computed rate of descent makes it impossible
for the cabin to be repressurized at the maximum rate.
CHECK ALTN WIND II/W The uplinked alternate cruise flight level differs from the defaulted
(ACARS msg) alternate cruise flight level.
Continued on the following page
The following chart lists all the data the pilot may enter on the MCDU.
It also shows the acceptable format for the various data items, the acceptable range, the units of
entry, and the MCDU pages on which the data can be entered.
The following codes are used to indicate various data formats:
A : letters
N : numbers
X : letters and numbers
DATA NAME FORMAT RANGE UNITS DISPLAY PAGE
(X is input)
ACCEL ALT See ALT ft (MSL) TAKEOFF (ACT/SEC (2))
GO AROUND (ACT/SEC
(2))
FLIGHT LEVEL FLNNN or NNN Max FL = 390 Hundreds of ft (MSL) F-PLN A-B,
Leading zeros on (or Max FL = 410 PROG VERT REV
NNN may be omitted ) INIT A (ACT, SEC (2))
PERF CLB
PERF DES
STEP PRED
STEP ALTS
Continued on the following page
GENERAL
The baro reference selector of the EIS (Electronic Instrument System) allows the pilot to use the
standard barometric reference (STD), sea level atmospheric pressure (QNH), or atmospheric
pressure at airfield elevation (QFE option) for the barometer setting.
The selected value is displayed in the baro reference display window of the EFIS control panel and
on the Primary Flight Display (PFD) below the altitude scale.
The barometer setting is used as a reference for the altimeter of the PFD and for the PFD target
altitude. In flight, it affects the predicted altitudes on the MCDU and the descent path computation.
GENERAL
The FMGS predicts at each waypoint of the flight plan an altitude that is a function of all data in the
lateral and vertical flight plans.
ON THE GROUND
The altitude predicted at each waypoint is displayed as altitude in feet above mean sea level
(AMSL) when it is below the transition altitude and as flight level when it is above the transition
altitude. The altitude constraints are also displayed, and they follow the same rule (feet or flight
level).
The predicted altitude is equal to the airport elevation plus the height you must attain in order to
reach the waypoint in the applicable mode (climb or descent).
IN FLIGHT
The predicted altitude is equal to the aircraft altitude (as a function of the barometer setting),
plus or minus the height you must attain to reach the waypoint in the applicable mode (climb or
descent).
‐ In climb:
Altitude predictions and constraints are displayed as altitude in feet above mean sea level
(AMSL) at, or below, the transition altitude, and as the flight level above it.
For example : If the transition altitude is 5 000 ft and you insert an altitude constraint as 8 000 ft,
the MCDU F-PLN A page displays it as FL 80
‐ In descent:
If “STD” is selected on the EIS control panel, altitude predictions and constraints above the
transition level are displayed as flight levels, and those below the transition level are displayed
as altitude AMSL.
If sea level standard pressure (QNH), or field elevation pressure (QFE option), is selected on
the EIS control panel, altitude predictions and constraints are displayed as altitudes AMSL,
regardless of the transition altitude.
For example: If the transition level is FL 50 and you insert an altitude constraint of 8 000 ft into
the MCDU, the MCDU F-PLNS A page will display it as FL 80, if “STD” is selected, and as
8 000 ft, if “QNH” (or “QFE” option) F-PLN A page is selected.
NOTE FOR AIRCRAFT WITH QFE (FIELD ELEVATION PRESSURE) PIN PROGRAM
If you select “QFE” on the EFIS control panel:
‐ The MCDU predictions follow the basic rules (altitudes are AMSL below the transition level,
flight levels above it)
‐ The altitude constraints on the MCDU follow the basic rules
‐ The target altitude on the PFD is QFE related:
• If the target altitude has been selected by the FCU, the aircraft will level off there.
• If the target altitude is an altitude constraint, the PFD automatically shows that constraint as
corrected by the airport elevation.
PROCEDURES
a. The altitude constraints in departure and arrival procedures should be defined in the navigation
database or by the pilot on the MCDU:
‐ in terms of altitude AMSL below the transition altitude
‐ in terms of flight level above the transition altitude
If a departure procedure defines an altitude constraint as an AMSL altitude above the transition
altitude, you must convert it to STD, because the system and guidance will treat it as a flight level
whenever you select the standard barometer setting.
b. In climb you should switch from QNH (or QFE) to STD on both EFIS control panels simultaneously
when you reach the transition altitude.
All MCDU altitude predictions and altitude constraints and all PFD altitude targets will be displayed
as flight levels.
c. In descent, when ATC clears you to an altitude below the transition altitude, you can select QNH
(or QFE) on both EFIS control panels simultaneously.
All MCDU altitude predictions and contraints and PFD targets are now altitude AMSL.
Press the “CLR” key with a single brief touch to erase the last alphanumeric character inserted in the
scratchpad.
Press the key for more than three seconds to erase all the data inserted in the scratchpad. If the
scratchpad is empty, it displays “CLR”.
Clear a data field by pressing the “CLR” key, the scratchpad displays CLR, then select the prompt for
the field you want to clear (3L for example).
‐ You cannot clear all data fields:
• If the field contains data that has a default value or a value computed by the FMGC, the data
reverts to this value.
• Any attempt to clear the defaulted value has no effect.
‐ Clearing a constraint on the F-PLN page deletes both the speed constraint and the altitude
constraint associated with the waypoint
‐ If you clear a data field that is a waypoint in the flight plan (primary or secondary), you delete this
waypoint from the flight plan and create a discontinuity. The discontinuity can also be cleared in a
similar way.
GENERAL
The diversion airports are usually determined before departure or using the CLOSEST AIRPORTS
data.
The following procedure shall be applied for all diversion cases, once the diversion airport has been
selected, as well as the “most probable diversion point of the F-PLN”:
PRESS the SEC F-PLN key
PRESS the COPY ACTIVE prompt
SELECT a lateral revision at diversion waypoint
ENTER the ident of the diversion airport in the NEW DEST field.
Then finalize the flight plan between the diversion point and the diversion airport. When the diversion
airport is no longer applicable or ETP is sequenced, repeat the same procedure for the next diversion
airport.
MISCELLANEOUS
In some cases, the diversion airport may be simply chosen using the airports displayed on ND when
AIRPORT is selected on the EIS control panel.
During oceanic or desertic area flights, the flight crew may use the PROG page, as follows:
ENTER the ident of the diversion airport in the 4R field of MCDU 1
ENTER the next diversion airport in the 4R field of MCDU 2
Then, the FMS continuously calculated the BRG/DIST to the selected diversion airports.
The primary F-PLN includes an alternate flight plan from destination to the preferred alternate airport.
All fuel prediction and management (EXTRA fuel) take the alternate flight plan into consideration.
If the crew decides to divert at the end of the cruise, or beyond the last ETP, or in the descent or
go-around phases, this will most probably be to the alternate airport.
When the crew decides to divert:
SELECT a lateral revision at suitable waypoint
SELECT ENABLE ALTN prompt
CHECK the temporary flight plan and INSERT
SELECT DIR TO required waypoint
Note: ‐ In most cases, the LAT REV shall be selected at the TO WPT. This will facilitate the
subsequent selection of the DIR TO waypoint.
‐ The ALTN flight plan shall be finalized, whenever the landing runway is known by the
crew (before approach briefing).
In most cases, this will ensure that the most probable flight plan is displayed on the
MCDU once ENABLE ALTN is selected.
GENERAL
‐ The managed target speeds is immediately set to a value that depends upon the flight phase
‐ All preselected speeds entered in the MCDU are deleted
‐ Step climb (or step descent), if entered, is deleted
‐ The time constraint is deleted
‐ The PROG page shows the engine-out maximum recommended (EO MAX REC) altitude
‐ The system automatically calls up the current performance page, which has the EO CLR
(engine-out clear) prompt displayed in the 1R field (except during takeoff, before the diversion
point is reached).
If the crew presses the EO CLR, the 2 engine predictions and performance will be restored.
Reverting back to one engine-out performance is not possible, unless the system detects a new
EO condition. Therefore, the pilot should not press the EO CLR key, if an actual engine-out is
detected
‐ All selected modes remain available (the “HDG/TRK”, “V/S”, and “OPEN” modes, for example)
‐ In the speed reference system (SRS) mode, the takeoff speed target is V2, or the current speed
if it is higher but no more than V2 +15. The magenta triangle indicates V2 in all cases. The GO
Around speed target is VAPP, or the current speed if higher, limited to VLS +15 kt
‐ The system limits autopilot (AP) and flight director (FD) bank angles during takeoff and approach
phases as follows:
• 15 ° when the aircraft speed is below the maneuvering speeds (F, S, or Green Dot speed) -10 kt
• Then linear increase to 25 ° up to maneuvering speeds (F, S, or Green Dot speed) -3 kt
• 25 ° above maneuvering speeds (F, S, or Green Dot speed) -3 kt.
Note: The engine-out bank angle limits apply, when the FG part of the FMGS has detected
an engine-out. It cannot be cleared by the crew through the MCDU EO CLEAR
prompt.
AUTOTHRUST
The system extends the active range of the active engine from idle to maximum continuous thrust
(MCT instead of CL thrust).
The Flight Mode Annunciator requests maximum continuous thrust on the live engine at a time that
depends on when the engine-out occurs.
ENGINE-OUT CONDITIONS
The FMGS considers the aircraft to be in an engine-out condition, when one of the following
conditions is present and the aircraft has commenced takeoff or is in flight:
‐ One engine master switch off, or
‐ N2 below idle, or
‐ One thrust lever angle is below 5 ° with the other above 22 °, or
‐ The FADEC shows an engine fault.
ENGINE-OUT SID
GENERAL
An engine-out standard instrument departure (EOSID), when defined in the database, is always for
a specific runway. It is indicated on the bottom line of the SID page for that runway, and you can
select it manually.
The pilot can review the SID either by selecting the PLAN mode on the navigation display (solid
yellow line), or by selecting it on the SID page. In the latter case, the navigation display shows the
SID as a temporary flight plan.
The last point, if any, that is common to both the SID and engine-out SID is called the diversion
point (DP).
‐ The PERF TO page comes up on the display automatically with the “EO CLR” prompt in the 1R
field
‐ The MCDU and the navigation display show the engine-out SID as a temporary flight plan, or
the navigation display shows it for information only, depending upon the diversion point location.
PROCEDURE
When the aircraft reaches the engine-out acceleration altitude
PUSH in the V/S knob to level off.
CLEAN up your configuration as the speed increases toward target speed.
When the aircraft is clean and has reached Green Dot speed, “MCT” flashes on the FMA,
PULL out the altitude selector knob to resume the climb.
The OP CLB. mode engages.
MOVE the thrust lever for the live engine to “MCT” detent.
‐ The system sets the managed target speed to the higher of engine-out cruise Mach number or
speed, or current speed.
‐ “LVR MCT” (or MCT) flashes on the Flight Mode Annunciator.
‐ The PERF CRZ page appears with the “EO CLR*” (clear engine-out) prompt.
‐ The PROG page displays the engine-out maximum recommended altitude (EO MAX REC ALT).
PROCEDURE
Perform engine out abnormal procedure.
Refer to PER-OEI-GEN-05 INTRODUCTION “SINGLE ENGINE OPERATIONS”
‐ For standard strategy,Refer to PER-OEI-GEN-10 PROCEDURE
‐ For obstacle strategy,Refer to PER-OEI-GEN-15 PROCEDURE
‐ For fixed strategy, Refer to PER-OEI-GEN-20 PROCEDURE
Initiate a diversion if necessary.
Note: The engine-out descent strategy requires disconnection of the autothrust, and descent in
OPEN DES mode.
Disconnecting the autothrust prevents an automatic setting of THR IDLE; therefore, the
autopilot will fly the target speed in OP DES mode, with a thrust manually selected by the
crew.
When reaching the FCU-selected altitude, or whenever normal descent is resumed to a
lower altitude, reengage the autothrust.
‐ The managed target speed remains unchanged (ECON DES Mach number or speed, with any
speed limitations).
‐ “LVR MCT” (or MCT) flashes on the Flight Mode Annunciator.
‐ The PERF DES page appears, showing the “EO CLR*” prompt.
‐ The PROG page displays the engine-out maximum recommended altitude (EO MAX REC ALT).
‐ The descent mode (if engaged) reverts to V/S, if the aircraft is above the EO REC MAX. If not, the
descent mode is maintained.
PROCEDURE
MOVE the thrust lever for the live engine to the MCT detent.
If necessary, SELECT a suitable flight mode for descent.
DISCONNECT the autothrust and ADJUST thrust if necessary.
‐ The PERF APPR page appears, showing the “EO CLR*” prompt.
‐ The progress page displays the engine-out maximum recommended altitude (EO MAX REC ALT).
PROCEDURE
MOVE the thrust lever for the live engine to the MCT detent.
CAUTION Below maneuvering speed (F, S, Green Dot) – 10 kt, the autopilot or flight director
(AP/FD) cannot order a bank angle greater than 15 °.
Above maneuvering speed – 10 kt, this limit linerarly increases until it reaches
30 ° at maneuvering speed – 3 kt. The limit is then 30 ° for all speeds above
maneuvering speed – 3 kt.
The results and procedures for takeoff phase apply, except that the displays do not show the
engine-out SID.
The secondary flight plan (SEC F-PLN) is an alternative flight plan which can be activated when
required.
It may include all the vertical elements except history wind data.
The flight crew can:
‐ Create a secondary flight independently from the active flight plan (a secondary flight plan can be
created while a temporary flight plan exists).
‐ Copy it from the active flight plan.
‐ Delete it completely.
‐ Activate it, when the “ACTIVATE SEC” prompt is displayed: The secondary flight plan becomes
the active flight plan.
‐ When the flight crew initializes the secondary flight plan with the SEC INIT function:
The FMGS computes the secondary flight plan predictions as if the aircraft were on ground
before engine start. The FMGS computes these predictions one time and does not update them
to indicate the progress of the flight (aircraft position, fuel consumption, etc.).
‐ When the flight crew initializes the secondary flight plan with the COPY ACTIVE function:
The FMGS computes the secondary flight plan predictions as for the active flight plan. However:
• The FMGS stops the update of the predictions if the first leg of the active flight plan is no
longer the same as the active leg (i.e. if both flight plans diverge). The flight phase is the
same as the flight phase at the time of the divergence.
Note: This does not apply to the preflight phase, when the FMGS computes the
predictions if the departure airports are the same, even if the takeoff runways are
different.
‐ The flight crew may use the secondary flight plan in the following cases:
• At takeoff when an alternate takeoff runway is probable
• On ground to initialize the FMGS again if the flight that the flight crew initially prepared is
replaced by another flight (Refer to PRO-NOR-SRP-01-05 Introduction)
• In flight to prepare a diversion
• In flight when an alternate landing runway is probable
• To prepare the next flight.
The stored route function allows the pilot to store or review as many as five different routes defined in
an active or secondary flight plan.
This also allows the pilot to store a company route that is not yet in the database, but is expected to
be flown several times (a charter route, for example).
Access the STORED ROUTES page from the DATA INDEX page.
GENERAL
The REPORT page allows the crew to achieve the position reporting.
Note: In case a DIR TO with ABEAM WPTs is achieved, or in case a FIX INFO with ABEAM
or RADIAL/CIRCLE intersection is inserted in the F-PLN, the TO WPT (provided on the
REPORT page) will be the ABEAM WPT or the RADIAL/CIRCLE intersect waypoint, if any,
as on the F-PLN page.
CLOSEST AIRPORTS
The CLOSEST AIRPORTS page displays the four closest airports, from the position of the aircraft,
found in the navigation database (Refer to DSC-22_20-50-10-25 Closest Airports Pagesfor the page
description), and the 5th airport, as selected by the crew.
For each airport, the FM computes:
‐ The BRG/DIST/ESTIMATED UTC from the position of the aircraft to the corresponding airport.
‐ The EFOB at the airport, assuming an EFFECTIVE WIND (defaulted or entered by the pilot).
Note: When the CLOSEST AIRPORTS page 2 is selected, the list of airports is automatically
frozen, as indicated on the page.
GENERAL
The crew can enter a time marker in the F-PLN A or B page. Once entered, the FMGS displays a
pseudo waypoint along the flight plan on the MCDU and on the Navigation Display. This pseudo
waypoint shows the predicted location of the aircraft at the entered time.
WRITE the time marker in the scratchpad. The entry format is HHMM.
SELECT any left key of the F-PLN A or B page, to insert the time marker in the active flight plan.
The time marker is inserted in the flight plan according to time criteria, irrespective of the key chosen
for entry.
Up to four time markers may exist at a time. An attempt to enter a fifth time marker will cause the
“TIME MARKER LIST FULL” message to appear on the scratchpad.
The FMGS updates the time marker position with the predictions.
When the current clock time equals or exceeds the time marker entry, the FMGS sequences the time
marker (even in preflight).
The STEP ALTS function enables to define the successive cruise Flight Levels. The optimum
position to initiate a climb, from the initial (or current) cruise Flight Level to the next one, can also be
determined.
PRINCIPLE
GEOGRAPHIC STEPS
Up to four geographic steps may be defined on the STEP ALTS page. These steps are initiated
at the geographical position, along the F-PLN.
Rules
‐ The minimum step size is 1 000 ft.
‐ A Step Climb (S/C) cannot follow a Step Descent (S/D).
‐ A STEP is automatically cleared, if:
• The S/C (S/D) is sequenced without any level change done by the crew.
• The crew achieves a LAT REV, which deletes the associated waypoint from the F-PLN
• By EO condition.
‐ A STEP is manually cleared:
• On the STEP ALTS page, by CLEARING the corresponding field.
• On the F-PLN page, by CLEARING the (S/C) or (S/D) pseudo-waypoints.
‐ A STEP entry is IGNORED, if the remaining CRZ distance is less than about 50 nm.
‐ Once the steps are inserted in the F-PLN, they are displayed:
‐ On the MCDU, as (S/C), (S/D), (T/C), (T/D) pseudo waypoints.
‐ On the ND, by associated , , , white symbols.
OPTIMUM STEP
Once geographic steps are inserted or an altitude is entered, the FM proposes an OPTIMUM
STEP start of climb position for the first step climb altitude ahead: Fuel/time savings are
displayed, if above 100 kg/min. If no savings are found, no optimum step is proposed.
The OPT STEP is not automatically inserted. The crew must insert it, if appropriate. Once
inserted, the OPT STEP point (OPT) becomes a fixed geographical point.
If some F-PLN parameters are subsequently changed (e.g. winds, new waypoints), an update
of the optimum position relative to the previous one may be proposed. If savings exist, this new
optimum may be inserted to replace the previous optimum step point.
Once an OPT STEP is inserted in the F-PLN, and the crew achieves a lateral F-PLN revision,
the FM keeps the (OPT) along the new F-PLN, at the same distance from the aircraft’s position,
as previously determined.
Rules
‐ The OPT STEP is only computed by the FM, if data required for the prediction computation
are inserted : F-PLN, CRZ FL, CI, GW, CG at least.
‐ The search of the OPT STEP begins 20 nm beyond (T/C) before Cruise, or ahead of the
aircraft’s position.
‐ The search of the OPT STEP ends 20 nm before the next STEP POINT, or 300 nm before
the (T/D).
‐ Only one OPT STEP is computed at a time.
Guidance
When reaching the step point, the steps must be initiated by the crew by selecting the new
CRZ FL, and pressing the FCU ALT selector knob. If sequenced without any crew action, the
step is automatically deleted.
If the crew initiates the step:
‐ The CRZ FL is automatically reassigned to its new value.
‐ The guidance is THR CLB/CLB for a step climb.
THR IDLE/DES with V/S = -1 000 ft/min for a step descent.
STEP ENTRY
The STEP ALTS page is either accessed from : ‐ The VERT REV page, or
the ‐ PERF CRZ page.
The computed (OPT) step replaces the initially inserted step position, and is then considered
at a fixed geographic position. Savings are no longer displayed, and the UPDATE* prompt
replaces the INSERT* prompt. This prompt allows the crew to update the (OPT) step position,
considering possible F-PLN or inserted wind changes.
If pressed, a new OPT point is proposed, with the associated SAVINGS and INSERT prompt, or
NO OPTIMAL.
UPDATE prompt has been pressed, the new OPT STEP point gives additional savings:
‐ “STEP AHEAD”, when the distance to the step point is less than 20 nm . A “STEP AHEAD”
scratchpad message is also displayed.
The following message may be displayed in the scratchpad:
‐ “NOT ALLOWED”, if:
‐ Four steps already exist in the F-PLN, and an additionnal entry is attempted.
‐ Any attempt to enter a step at the FROM waypoint, or at a pseudo waypoint is done.
‐ Two consecutive steps are entered at the same waypoint (e.g. step climb after step
descent).
GENERAL
A time constraint (RTA) may be assigned at any waypoint of the F-PLN, downpath of the origin and
the FROM waypoint. It can be an ”AT”, “AT OR BEFORE”, or “AT OR AFTER” constraint.
The FMS computes a new managed speed profile from the aircraft position to the constrained
waypoint, in order to match the 30 s difference (ΔT) between the time predicted at the constrained
waypoint and the RTA. This modified managed speed profile can be checked using the speed
prediction, displayed for each waypoint of the F-PLN page.
The RTA function uses a speed range between Green Dot speed and VMO - 10 (or MMO - 0.02).
When the constrained waypoint is sequenced, the ECON SPD/MACH is resumed unless the
constrained waypoint is located in a descent segment.
Note: The FM does not compute a new managed speed profile when a RTA is entered in the
descent profile while the aircraft is in cruise within 40 nm from the top of descent.
The time constraint is inserted on the RTA page. A time constraint may be inserted at any waypoint
of the primary or secondary flight plan.
If an engine-out condition is detected, the time constraint is automatically deleted and RTA
DELETED message on scratchpad.
If the aircraft enters a holding pattern, the downpath time constraint is deleted.
Once inserted in the F-PLN, the RTA is displayed in magenta on the F-PLN page, as long as no
predictions are available.
Once the predictions are available, the time constraint is replaced by the new predicted time at the
associated waypoint, and highlighted by a star: (*)
‐ The (*) is magenta, if the time constraint is matched with the 30 s criteria.
‐ The (*) is amber, if the time constraint is missed.
Time constraint matching criteria:
Note: ΔT is the time difference between the time predicted at the constrained waypoint and the
RTA.
Note: ‐ The TIME CSTR can be directly cleared on the F-PLN A page, using the CLR key.
‐ The time constraint is automatically deleted in the following cases:
• Engine out, or
• When entering a holding pattern, or
• In case of Go-Around, or
• A time constraint is entered at another waypoint, while another time constraint
already exists.
A scratchpad “RTA DELETED” message is displayed.
The Estimated Takeoff Time (ETT) may be entered by the pilot during the preflight phase at the
origin airport. This time is used as the initialization time for predictions.
The entry is accepted in the preflight phase, if the ETT is greater than the clock time.
PROCEDURE
PRESS the F-PLN key
SELECT a vertical revision at origin
SELECT the RTA page
WRITE the ETT into the scratchpad, and ENTER in the ETT field.
The display automatically reverts to the F-PLN A page.
Note: ‐ If the current time exceeds the ETT entry, the CLK IS TAKE OFF TIME message is
displayed ; the ETT is replaced by the clock time.
‐ At takeoff, the takeoff time is automatically updated using the actual clock time.
‐ An ETT entry is automatically deleted, if the origin airport is modified, or if the clock is
inoperative.
‐ If a time constraint is entered at a waypoint in the F-PLN, the takeoff time required to
match the constraint is automatically computed by the FM. This result is displayed in
magenta as ETT at the origin.
USE OF TIME/ETT CONSTRAINT
During preflight : ‐ If an ETT has been entered, time predictions are based on the
entered value (or clock time, if greater).
‐ If both an ETT and a time constraint have been entered, time
predictions are based on the entered ETT value (or clock time, if
greater). The managed speed profile is computed to match the time
constraint, as closely as possible, using a pseudo cost index value.
(Not displayed).
‐ If only a time constraint has been entered:
• Optimum speeds are computed to determine the ETT, so as to
satisfy the time constraint.
• If necessary, flight time (based on optimum speeds) plus clock time
(current) is greater than the time constraint ; optimum speeds are
modified to match the time constraint as closely as possible.
After Takeoff : The predictions are based on the current time.
Speeds are adjusted to satisfy the time constraint.
EQUITIME POINT
The equitime point page displays the ETP, computed along the F-PLN route between two referenced
positions (airports, waypoints or navaids), defined by the pilot (Refer to DSC-22_20-50-10-25 Equi -
Time Point Pagefor the page description).
When first accessing the page, the FMS proposes origin and destination airfields, as defaulted
positions.
The pilot may overwrite these two positions and insert the wind in their vicinity at the applicable CRZ
FL.
The FMS then computes the resulting ETP, using the managed or selected speed, and blending the
forecasted winds along the F-PLN route with the inserted winds.
The FMS provides:
‐ TIME and DIST from the aircraft position (or origin on ground) to the ETP
‐ The BRG/DIST from the ETP to the defined positions
‐ TIME overhead each position, assuming the aircraft flies from the present position to the defined
position via the ETP
‐ (ETP) pseudo waypoint is displayed on the ND along the F-PLN
‐ ETP location in relation to the subsequent waypoint.
Note: ‐ The ETP pseudo-waypoint is not displayed on the MCDU F-PLN page. In order to easily
locate it, or when closing the applicable ETP, the TIME MARKER may be used; this
allows the crew to visualize it in advance on the F-PLN page or, to prepare the next
applicable ETP on the Equi-time Point page
‐ The ETP is computed using speed according to the current mode (managed or selected).
GENERAL
The MCDU NAV B/UP allows to link a MCDU to its associated IRS in order to allow the flight crew to
monitor the navigation and to be provided with some basic flight planning functions in case of FM 1 +
2 failure.
CAUTION The MCDU NAV B/UP is to be used only in case of FM 1 + 2 failure. It can be
selected temporarily in case of FM1 or 2 only failure, in order to ensure that the
function is available on the failed side.
When in MCDU NAV B/UP on both sides, one FG at least must be available to
engage AP and A/THR.
The MCDU NAV B/UP function provides:
‐ Aircraft position using onside IRS or IRS 3
‐ Aircraft position using GPIRS position
‐ F-PLN as memorized in the MCDU
‐ F-PLN display on ND
‐ F-PLN automatic sequencing
‐ Limited lateral revisions
‐ Mag (True) bearing depending on the pilot selection, from aircraft position to the TO WPT and
associated distance
‐ True track between waypoints
‐ Time estimates computed with current GS from onside IRS
‐ Total time and distance to destination
The following features are not provided:
‐ No DATA BASE available:
• No autotuning, NAVAIDS must be selected on RMP
• No radio position
• No EFIS CTL PANEL options
• No LDG ELEV (must be manually selected on overhead panel).
‐ No performance data:
• No CLB/DES/APP NAV/FINAL modes
• No SPEED MANAGED
• No automatic SPD/MACH change over.
‐ Most of predictions are lost:
• No EFOB
• No XTRA
• No ETA at DEST.
‐ No multiple lateral F-PLN
In that procedure, all the legs are coded as CF (Course to Fix) legs. This explains all the
discontinuities resulting in the B/UP F-PLN.
These discontinuities may be cleared.
When the second FM fails
REENGAGE and SELECT the required AP and A/THR modes (if disconnected).
SELECT the NAV B/UP prompt on both MCDU.
SELECT NAV on both RMP
Tune the required navaids
AP AND A/THR
One FG at least must be available to allow the engagement of AP/FD and A/THR. All FM
managed modes are lost as well as managed speed.
As a consequence:
‐ LAT F-PLN is flown in HDG/TRK modes
‐ VERT F-PLN is flown in OPEN/V/S/FPA modes
‐ SPD TARGET is manually SELECTED on the FCU
‐ SPD/MACH crossover is manually SELECTED on the FCU.
It is recommended to use the TRK/FPA modes:
SELECT the required TRK on FCU at waypoint sequencing (as no AP/FD coupling exists in NAV
B/UP). F-PLN sequencing is automatic.
MONITOR the track of the next leg prior reaching the TO waypoint (track between TO and next
waypoints is true track).
ADJUST the track to follow the F-PLN with X-TRK = 0
USE OP DES or FPA to descend as suitable.
FPA allows easy altitudes predictions:
DNM = ▵(FL)/FPA°
NAVIGATION MONITORING
The navigation accuracy check must be achieved periodically using the same principle as with FM
navigation:
COMPARE computed data with raw data
SELECT ON RMP the applicable navaid
PRESS the [PROG] key
B/UP PROG page is displayed
WRITE in the scratchpad then ENTER the navaid LAT/LONG
SELECT associated navaid needle on the EFIS control panel.
COMPARE computed BRG/DIST with RAW DATA on ND
‐ If the crosscheck is POSITIVE the ND may be used in ROSE NAV/MAP modes with raw data
‐ If the crosscheck is NEGATIVE the ND must be used in ROSE VOR/ROSE ILS modes.
Note: B/UP IRS and B/UP GPS pages may also be used to check the position.
FLIGHT PLANNING
The following revisions may be achieved:
‐ WPT insertion/deletion
‐ OVERFLY insertion/deletion
‐ DIR TO a waypoint
‐ CLR waypoints/discontinuities.
Waypoint identifiers are either published waypoint identifiers if present in the MCDU active F-PLN,
or coded LAT/LONG identifiers resulting from flight crew entries.
All flight planning functions are directly applied on active F-PLN without LAT REV page.
WAYPOINT INSERTION
Waypoint insertion into the F-PLN is performed via the B/UP F-PLN page by selecting the line
key adjacent to the desired point of insertion, whenever a pre-existing waypoint identifier or valid
IDENT/LAT/LONG or LAT/LONG entry is displayed in the scratchpad.
Any waypoint entry which causes the number of legs in the route to exceed the maximum allowed
results in the “F-PLN FULL” message.
Note: ‐ If the inserted waypoint is entered only with LAT/LONG, its identifier would be :
N48E001
‐ If the flight crew writes a waypoint IDENT/LAT/LONG with an IDENT already used in
the F-PLN, a message “NOT ALLOWED" is displayed.
WAYPOINT DELETION
Waypoint and discontinuity may be deleted from the B/UP F-PLN page by using the CLR key.
OVERFLY INSERTION/DELETION
Same as for the FM F-PLN.
DIRECT TO A WAYPOINT
The DIR TO function operates as for the normal F-PLN, except that RADIAL INTERCEPT and
ABEAM functions are not available.
PRESS the DIR key.
WRITE LAT/LONG (or IDENT/LAT/LONG) on the scratchpad then INSERT in [1L].
SELECT the correct track on the FCU in order for the aircraft to turn toward the new TO waypoint.
If a DIR TO function is achieved for a waypoint that belongs to the B/UP F/PLN, no F-PLN
discontinuity is created.
Note: ‐ In case of a DIR TO waypoint associated with an OVERFLY condition, the OVERFLY
is kept.
CLR WAYPOINT/DISCONTINUITY
CLR as for normal operation.
APPROACHES
‐ ND display selection rule
As per normal operation, it depends upon the result of NAV ACCY CROSS CHECK.
Furthermore it depends also whether the F-PLN is complete, including the approach.
ND
F-PLN NAV ACCY CHECK
PF PNF
Continued on the following page
END OF DESCENT
ADJUST manually the landing elevation on the overhead panel.
SET the MDA on the standby altimeter.
ILS APPROACHES
Only CAT 1 approaches may be flown since the DH indication is not available.
CHECK the ILS frequency and course on the RMP.
PUSH the LS pb on the EIS control panel.
The autopilot and flight director available modes are APP (LOC – G/S – LAND)
The autothrottle available speed target is selected speed
CHECK VAPP in the QRH.
After engine start, or if the SEC F-PLN is not empty, the flight crew must manually insert the
uplinked flight plan via INSERT UPLINK prompt.
PROCEDURE TO INSERT OR REJECT A SECONDARY FLIGHT PLAN
When the uplink message is received, the INIT REQUEST prompt of the INIT A page is
replaced by INSERT UPLINK (2R field). Pressing the 2R key will insert the flight plan into the
secondary. Clearing the prompt will reject it.
If a temporary flight plan or a DIR TO is in progress, the uplink insertion is not accepted until the
temporary flight plan or the DIR TO is completed.
TAKEOFF DATA
GENERAL
The takeoff data may be requested in preflight or done phase for the active flight plan only.
It is always associated with the active flight plan message.
This displays the uplink data on 2 different pages: UPLINK MAX TO DATA
UPLINK FLX TO DATA
SELECT the data corresponding to the thrust to be used (MAX or FLEX) by pressing [4R].
SELECT the active runway data by slewing the pages (1/4... 4/4).
When the takeoff data have been inserted , the PERF TO page is amended of the new
data.
WIND DATA
If the uplinked wind message is received after engine start, or if data has been entered in any
WIND page of the flight plan, the flight crew must manually insert the uplinked wind data via the
INSERT UPLINK prompt.
When the amber star following the “WIND REQUEST” is not displayed, the FM is not able to
communicate with the ACARS and the pilot cannot send any request.
A wind request sent during cruise phase will apply for downpath waypoints of the cruise,
descent, approach and alternate phases.
‐ If the uplink message contains more data and waypoints than the flight plan, the winds at
extra waypoints are not considered and automatically discarded. This is transparent to the
pilot
‐ Clearing the INSERT UPLINK* prompt deletes all uplink wind data of the cruise phase.
Cruise page reverts to the previous data.
Note: During cruise, whenever uplink wind data is received and not inserted or cancelled on
the CRUISE WIND page, access to the DIR TO function is not possible. The “WIND
UPLINK EXISTS” message is displayed on the MCDU scratchpad. Insert or cancel the
uplinked wind message first and then access the DIR TO function.
DESCENT WIND PAGE
The procedures to insert, review or delete descent winds during preflight, climb or cruise phase
are described in the above wind general procedure.
If the alternate wind is not available, dashes are displayed in the field.
In descent, approach or go around phases, the pilot cannot request or modify the descent winds
of the active flight plan or secondary flight plan if it is a “COPY ACTIVE”.
PRINT FUNCTION
The PRINT function allows various reports to be printed either automatically (when linked to
ACARS or ATSU ) or manually.
The manual PRINT function allows printing of FM-generated flight reports and additional data:
F-PLN INITialization data
T.O. Data
WIND Data
PREFLIGHT REPORT
IN FLIGHT REPORT
POSTFLIGHT REPORT
A detailed description of the PRINT FUNCTION pages is provided in Refer to DSC-22_20-50-10-25
Print Function Pages.
The print function is available if ACARS or ATSU are available or not.
The various flight reports contain most of the prediction information required by the flight crew to
monitor the progress of the flight. The resulting documents can therefore be used as realistic master
documents, based on the latest data provided by the flight crew to the computer, in terms of ATC
clearances and weather information.
Note: For an automatic printing, “time” is the time of the reception of the message. For a manual
printing, “time” is the time of the print request.
When the overall F-PLN data (lateral, vertical including winds, steps, constraints) and the ZFW and
ZFWCG values have been inserted:
SELECT the FUEL PLANNING prompt [3R],
If the computed BLOCK fuel does not correspond to the actual block fuel required for the
flight:
ENTER the actual block required for the flight in the [2R] field,
PRINT the PREFLIGHT report.
The flight crew may then use the PREFLIGHT report to monitor the progress of the flight.
Note: Before printing the PREFLIGHT report, the flight crew must check that the F-PLN is
complete (all F-PLN discontinuities must be cleared) and that all the F-PLN elements
(including winds, steps, constraints, alternate airport) have been inserted, in order to
obtain an accurate PREFLIGHT report.
IN FLIGHT
Once the aircraft has reached the CRZ FL once, all the latest ATC clearances have been inserted in
the FM, when all the WINDS/STEPS have been properly updated:
ACCESS the PRINT FUNCTION page
PRINT the INFLIGHT REPORT
The inflight report provides the list of all the overflown F-PLN waypoints (HISTORY VALUES)
with their associated data (Time, ALT, Fuel, ...), and the predictions to all the downpath waypoints
(PREDICTED VALUES).
This new document replaces the PREFLIGHT report, since it carries all the latest expected F-PLN
changes. It is the new applicable master document used to monitor the progress of the flight.
The inflight report will be printed after each important F-PLN modification.
Note: If the selected Fuel Unit option is pounds, the HISTORY FOB values may be incorrectly
printed in tons on the INFLIGHT REPORT. The CURRENT and PREDICTED FOB values,
however, are correctly printed in pounds.
Note: In case of a major failure such as an engine out, a new print will be done when time
permits.
The POSTFLIGHT REPORT gives a complete list of all the overflown waypoints during the flight
(HISTORY VALUES).
Furthermore it provides:
‐ FUEL/TIME summary
‐ IRS Drift and G/S
When at the gate, after engine shutdown:
‐ ACCESS the PRINT FUNCTION page
‐ PRINT the POSTFLIGHT REPORT
Note: If the selected Fuel Unit option is pounds, the HISTORY FOB values may be incorrectly
printed in tons on the POSTFLIGHT REPORT.
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
DSC-22_30-10 General
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
Mode Reversions..................................................................................................................................................... B
Guidance Modes......................................................................................................................................................C
Mode Selection........................................................................................................................................................ D
Lateral Modes.......................................................................................................................................................... E
Vertical Modes......................................................................................................................................................... F
Interaction between AP/FD and A/THR Modes...................................................................................................... G
DSC-22_30-70-80 Vertical Speed Mode - Flight Path Angle Mode (V/S - FPA)
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
Engagement Conditions...........................................................................................................................................B
Disengagement Conditions......................................................................................................................................C
Guidance..................................................................................................................................................................D
DSC-22_30-80-20 Takeoff
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
SRS (Speed Reference System).............................................................................................................................B
Runway (RWY)........................................................................................................................................................ C
DSC-22_30-80-30 Approach
DSC-22_30-80-30-05 General
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
DSC-22_30-90 Autothrust
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
Thrust Levers........................................................................................................................................................... B
A/THR Arming Conditions....................................................................................................................................... C
A/THR Activation..................................................................................................................................................... D
A/THR Disconnection...............................................................................................................................................E
Thrust Lock Function............................................................................................................................................... F
A/THR Disconnection Caution................................................................................................................................ G
A/THR Modes.......................................................................................................................................................... H
SPEED Mode in Approach Phase............................................................................................................................I
GENERAL
MODE REVERSIONS
There are several types of mode reversions. Each one observes a specific logic that is described in
the "Mode Reversions" section. (Refer to DSC-22_30-75 General).
GUIDANCE MODES
Two types of autopilot and flight director modes are available to guide the aircraft:
‐ Managed modes: When the aircraft is using managed targets, the Flight Management and
Guidance System (FMGS) guides it along lateral and vertical flight paths and speed profiles
computed by the Flight Management function (FM) from data in the MCDU. FM manages the
guidance targets.
‐ Selected modes: When the flight crew is using selected targets, the FMGS guides the aircraft
along lateral and vertical flight paths and speed profiles to meet targets that the flight crew has
selected manually on the FCU. The flight crew selects the guidance targets.
GUIDANCE MANAGED modes SELECTED modes
LATERAL NAV, APP NAV HDG-TRK
LOC*, LOC
RWY
RWY TRK
GA TRK
ROLL OUT
VERTICAL SRS (TO and GA) OP CLB, OP DES
CLB, DES V/S, FPA
ALT (magenta) ALT*, ALT (green)
G/S*, G/S EXPEDITE
FINAL
FLARE
SPEED FMGC REFERENCE FCU REFERENCE
(ECON, Auto SPD, SPD LIM)
EXPEDITE
MODE SELECTION
MANAGED MODES
‐ At takeoff, the managed modes engage automatically when the flight crew sets the thrust levers
at the TO or FLX detent.
‐ During flight, the flight crew can arm or engage the managed modes (if the aircraft meets
engagement conditions) by pushing in the appropriate knobs on the Flight Control Unit (FCU).
‐ The flight crew pushes the DIR TO key on the MCDU to insert a DIR TO leg. It engages or
maintains the NAV mode.
‐ The flight crew pushes the APPR pb on the FCU to arm or engage the localizer and glide slope
or “APP NAV-FINAL”, depending upon the approach type insert in the flight plan.
‐ The LOC pb arms or engages only the localizer mode.
SELECTED MODES
The flight crew can engage the selected modes by pulling out the appropriate FCU selection
knobs.
LATERAL MODES
VERTICAL MODES
The AP and FD pitch modes can control a target SPD/MACH or a vertical trajectory, and the A/THR
mode can control a fixed thrust or a target SPD/MACH. However, the AP/FD and the A/THR cannot
both control a target SPD/MACH simultaneously.
Therefore the AP/FD pitch modes and A/THR mode are coordinated as follows:
‐ If an AP/FD pitch mode controls a vertical trajectory, the A/THR mode controls the target
SPD/MACH.
‐ If an AP/FD pitch mode controls a target SPD or MACH, the A/THR mode controls the thrust.
‐ If no AP/FD pitch mode is engaged, the A/THR mode reverts to controlling the SPD/MACH mode.
In other words, the selection of an AP/FD pitch mode determines which mode the A/THR controls.
AP/FD pitch modes A/THR modes
V/S - FPA
DES (geometric path)
ALT*, ALT
SPEED/MACH MODE
G/S*, G/S
FINAL
AP/FD OFF
Continued on the following page
GENERAL
The Flight Director (FD) displays guidance commands from the Flight Management and Guidance
Computer (FMGC) on the Primary Flight Display (PFD).
The flight crew may manually fly the aircraft, following FMGC guidance commands, or crosscheck
the FMGC orders when the autopilot is engaged.
In normal operations, FD1 displays FMGC1 orders on the PFD1 and FD2 displays FMGC2 orders on
the PFD2.
The FDs use their respective onside FMGCs.
On the PFD:
1. The FD pitch and roll crossbars show pitch and roll demands.
2. Below 30 ft during landing and takeoff, when a localizer is available, the vertical bar is replaced by
a yaw bar that gives lateral orders.
3. The Flight Path Director (FPD) symbol relates to the Flight Path Vector (FPV).
The HDG V/S – TRK FPA pb on the FCU enables the flight crew to select either type of reference
and display.
The FD pb on the Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS) control panel allows the FD bars to be
displayed or removed.
FD BARS (HDG V/S SELECTED ON THE FCU)
‐ The pitch bar is displayed if a vertical mode is engaged. It gives pitch orders for the vertical
guidance
‐ The roll bar is displayed if a lateral mode is engaged. It gives roll orders for lateral guidance.
The FDs are engaged automatically when the FMGC powers up.
GROUND ENGAGEMENT
‐ The "FD1" symbol appears on PFD1 and "FD2" appears on PFD2
‐ No FD bars appear on the PFDs. (The PFD displays FD orders when a mode is active on the
corresponding axis)
‐ The FCU windows display dashes.
MANUAL FLIGHT ENGAGEMENT
The two FDs engage in the HDG V/S or TRK FPA modes (basic modes).
The flight crew may disengage one or two FDs manually, or FDs may disengage automatically if
there is a failure.
MANUAL DISENGAGEMENT
One FD OFF:
‐ The FD bars no longer appear on the associated PFD.
‐ The corresponding FD is disengaged.
AUTOMATIC DISENGAGEMENT
If one FD fails or one FMGC is not valid, both PFDs display the remaining FD.
Refer to DSC-22_30-75 Reversion with Global Speed Protection - Automatic Speed Mode
Protection in Climb.
AUTOMATIC FD REMOVAL
‐ The FD pitch bar is removed when no vertical mode is engaged or when ROLL OUT mode is
engaged.
‐ The FD roll bar is removed when no lateral mode is engaged or when the RWY or ROLL OUT
mode is engaged.
‐ Both FDs are removed when the aircraft pitch exceeds 25 ° up or 13 ° down, or bank angle
exceeds 45 °.
FD WARNINGS
GENERAL
The AP:
‐ Stabilizes the aircraft around its center of gravity
‐ Acquires and tracks a flight path
‐ Flies the aircraft to an automatic landing or go-around.
The AP commands the:
‐ Position of the flight control surfaces for pitch, roll and yaw
‐ Nose wheel position.
AP ENGAGEMENT
The flight crew can engage AP1 or AP2 by pressing the corresponding pushbutton on the FCU if the
aircraft has been airborne for at least 5 s.
When one AP is engaged, the corresponding FCU pushbutton comes on and AP1 (or 2) is displayed
on the FMAs.
In BACK–UP NAV, AP can be engaged in selected modes if the FG part is available.
‐ One AP can be engaged on ground if the engines are not running. It disengages when one engine
is started.
‐ Two APs may be engaged at a time (AP1 active, AP2 in standby), when the localizer/glide-slope
or roll out or go-around mode is armed or engaged.
Only one AP can be engaged at a time in all other cases.
‐ If one AP pb is set to ON with both FDs OFF, the AP engages in HDG V/S or TRK FPA mode,
depending upon which mode the flight crew has selected on the FCU.
‐ If one AP pb is set to ON with at least one FD already ON, the AP engages in the current active
FD modes.
‐ At takeoff, the AP cannot be engaged below 100 ft.
AP engagement increases the break out force on the sidestick controllers and on the rudder pedals.
AP engagement is indicated by the lighting of the corresponding FCU pushbutton and by the
appearance of AP1 (or 2) on the PFD’s FMA.
AP DISENGAGEMENT
‐ The flight crew moves the pitch trim wheel beyond a certain threshold
‐ The other AP is engaged, except when localizer/glideslope modes are armed or engaged, or when
the rollout or go-around mode is engaged
‐ Both thrust levers are set above the MCT detent and the aircraft is on ground
‐ In a non-precision approach, the aircraft reaches the Missed Approach Point (MAP) with FINAL
APP mode engaged.
‐ One of the engagement conditions is lost.
Furthermore, in normal law with all protections available, the AP will disconnect if:
‐ High speed protection is active
‐ Angle-of-attack protection is active (α prot +1 ° is reached)
‐ Pitch attitude exceeds 25 ° up, or 13 ° down, or bank angle exceeds 45 °
‐ A rudder pedal deflection is more than 10 ° out of trim.
The standard way for the flight crew to disengage the AP is to press the takeover pb on the sidestick.
When the AP is OFF, the associated FCU pushbutton goes off, and AP1 (or AP2) disappears from
the PFD’s FMA.
AP WARNINGS
AUTOLAND WARNING
The autoland red warning flashes in LAND mode when the aircraft height is below 200 ft RA and:
‐ The aircraft gets too far off the beam (LOC or GLIDE), or
‐ Both glide slope transmitters or receivers fail above 100 ft RA, or
‐ Both localizer transmitters or receivers fail above 15 ft RA, or
‐ The difference between both radio altimeter indications is greater than 15 ft RA, or
‐ Both autopilots fail.
GENERAL
In flight, either the AP/FD pitch control, or autothrust may acquire and hold a target speed or Mach
number, depending on the engaged modes.
Speed control is:
‐ Managed when the target comes from the FMGS
‐ Selected when the target comes from the SPD/MACH FCU window.
When the speed target is managed, the SPD/MACH window of the FCU shows dashes, and the
corresponding dot is lighted. The PFD speed scale shows the speed target in magenta.
ENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
The SPD target is managed, whenever AP or FD is engaged, and one of the following occurs:
‐ The flight crew pushes in the SPD/MACH knob
‐ EXPEDITE mode is engaged
‐ V2 is inserted in the MCDU
‐ The speed reference system (SRS) is engaged (takeoff or go-around mode).
Note: At takeoff, SRS will not engage if V2 is not available.
DISENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
Managed speed disengages any time the flight crew selects a speed target on the FCU, or if the
speed was preselected.
SPEED PROFILE
The form of the managed SPD profile depends on the lateral NAV mode.
If NAV mode is engaged, the SPD profile takes into account all the constraints linked to
the flight plan.
The SPD profile is:
V2 - SPD LIM - SPD CSTR (if applicable) - ECON CLB SPD/MACH - ECON CRZ MACH -
ECON or preset DES MACH/SPD -SPD LIM - SPD CSTR (if applicable) - HOLD SPD (if
applicable) - VAPP.
If NAV mode is not engaged, the SPD/MACH constraints are not considered.
The SPD profile is:
V2 - SPD LIM - ECON CLB SPD/MACH - ECON CRZ MACH - ECON or preset DES
MACH/SPD - SPD LIM - VAPP.
Note: 1. When both AP/FDs are OFF, A/THR reverts to selected SPEED mode, except
when the approach phase is activated on MCDU where both managed and
selected SPD are available.
2. When expedite mode is engaged, the system disregards SPD LIM and SPD CSTR
no matter what lateral mode is engaged.
3. The managed speed/Mach target may be set below maneuvering speed but
as long as the speed target is managed, the FMGS limits the aircraft to the
maneuvering speed of the current slats/flaps configuration (VAPP, F, S, Green
Dot).
4. If the managed speed/Mach target is set above VMAX (VFE, VMO, MMO), the
FMGS automatically limits the speed to VMAX.
5. If a SPD/MACH constraint has already been taken into account, it remains applied
(until a more restrictive constraint applies).
MINI GROUND SPEED
In approach phase, the managed speed target is the Mini Ground Speed target computed by the
Flight Guidance (FG) part of the FMGS. Refer to DSC-22_30-90 General for details.
To use a selected speed/Mach target, the flight crew uses the knob on the FCU to set the target
speed, which is then displayed in the FCU window. It is also displayed in blue on the PFD speed
scale.
Note: The selected speed/Mach target may be set beyond VLS or VMAX, but when autothrust is
active, the guidance limits the speed to VLS or VMAX.
Selected speed has priority over managed speed. The only automatic change-over from selected to
managed speed target may occur at go-around mode engagement.
In flight, if the situation calls for managed speed, both the PFD and the MCDU display a message
proposing a manual change to managed speed (for example, SET MANAGED SPEED, SET HOLD
SPEED, or SET GREEN DOT SPEED).
ENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
The aircraft has a selected speed target under any one of the following conditions:
‐ The flight crew pulls out the SPD/MACH knob (5 s after lift-off)
‐ Both AP/FDs are OFF (except in APPR phase)
‐ The FM speed target is lost (except in SRS, G/S, LAND, and GO AROUND modes)
‐ The MCDU has a preselected speed for the next phase, and the aircraft transitions into that
phase
‐ The FMGC is powered up in flight.
DISENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
The selected speed target disengages:
‐ When the managed SPD engages
‐ When the aircraft is on ground at engine start.
Note: With engines running, the flight crew can select a speed on the FCU only after takeoff.
AUTO SPD
The flight crew may insert the AUTO SPD (speed or Mach) on the PERF DES page to replace the
ECON DES SPD.
In this case, the managed speed profile takes into account the selected value. The top of descent
and the descent path are computed on AUTO SPD assumption.
SPEED/MACH SWITCHING
In managed speed, at the crossover altitude, the FMGC automatically changes the managed speed
target to the corresponding MACH target. The FCU displays the Mach number corresponding to the
speed at the switching altitude.
Note: When the speed is selected, the flight crew has to perform the switching manually by
pressing the SPD/MACH pb on the FCU. The FCU then displays the aircraft Mach number.
When the target speed is managed, the FMGC commands the switchover automatically as a function
of the ECON MACH value.
A dual FM failure has different consequences when it occurs in different phases of the flight.
The system handles target speed and SPD mode as follows:
‐ During approach with LOC and G/S engaged and radio height < 700 ft, the target speed is set to
VAPP as previously memorized, and managed SPD target is maintained.
‐ At go-around, the target speed becomes the memorized go-around speed, which is the higher of
VAPP or the speed when go-around was initiated. Managed SPD target is maintained.
‐ In all other cases, managed target speed reverts to selected, the value being the speed at the
moment of the failure.
When the target SPD is managed, the SPD/MACH display of the FCU shows dashes.
However, the window displays the target SPD or MACH in the following situations:
‐ The flight crew turns the SPD/MACH knob.
If the flight crew does not pull the knob within 10 s after turning it, the selection reverts to dashes.
‐ The flight crew manually engages a selected SPD target.
‐ If the flight crew has manually preselected a speed or Mach number for the next phase on the
MCDU PERF page, that preselected SPD/MACH engages when the aircraft enters that phase and
the FCU window then displays as the target the preselected speed or Mach.
‐ If the FMGS is powered up in flight, the synchronized speed/Mach value is the current aircraft
speed or Mach number.
‐ If no V2 is entered at takeoff, the V/S mode engages 5 s after lift-off (no speed reference system).
The FCU speed target is the speed at V/S mode engagement. (A/THR becomes active when the
thrust levers are set in the active range).
The FMGS has guidance parameters for both AP/FD lateral and vertical modes.
The AP/FD lateral modes are:
RWY, RWY TRK Runway, Runway track mode
NAV Nav mode
HDG, TRK Heading, track mode. Also called basic modes
APP NAV Approach Nav mode
LOC*, LOC Loc capture, Loc track mode
LAND Land mode. Managed submode that includes LOC and G/S modes below
400 ft RA
FINAL APP Final approach mode. Managed submode that includes APP NAV and FINAL
modes during non precision approach
ROLL OUT Roll out mode (Autoland)
GA TRK Go-around track mode
The AP/FD vertical modes are:
SRS SRS mode used for takeoff and go-around
CLB Climb mode
DES Descent mode
OP CLB Open Climb mode
OP DES Open Descent mode
EXP CLB Expedite mode in climb
EXP DES Expedite mode in descent
V/S or FPA Vertical Speed mode or Flight Path Angle mode. Also called basic modes
ALT* Altitude capture
ALT Altitude Hold mode
ALT CST* Altitude constraint capture
ALT CST Altitude constraint hold mode
ALT CRZ Altitude hold of the cruise flight level
G/S* Glide slope capture
G/S Glide slope mode
FINAL Final mode (Non precision approach)
FLARE Flare mode (Autoland)
These modes guide the aircraft laterally along a heading or track selected by the flight crew. The
HDG/TRK window of the FCU displays the target heading or track. The flight crew uses the HDG
V/S -TRK FPA pb to select heading or track.
ENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
HDG or TRK is engaged when one of the following conditions is met:
‐ The flight crew pulls out the HDG/TRK knob (not sooner than 5 s after lift-off)
‐ NAV is disengaged, either by the loss of the lateral flight plan or by the flight crew entering a
flight plan discontinuity
‐ FINAL mode (armed or engaged) is lost when the FMS profile validity is lost (e.g. overflying the
MAP)
‐ LOC or LOC* mode is lost
‐ The flight crew engages the AP/FD with no other mode already engaged (basic mode of AP/FD
engagement)
‐ The flight crew presses the LOC pb, when APP NAV or FINAL APP modes are already engaged
HDG engages if the flight crew initiates a go-around below 100 ft and HDG or TRK was already
engaged. When the aircraft is at 100 ft or above, HDG or TRK are no longer engaged.
DISENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
The engagement of any other lateral mode disengages HDG or TRK.
SYNCHRONIZING THE HDG/TRK WINDOW OF THE FCU
The lateral window of the FCU displays a heading or a track value when:
‐ The HDG/TRK mode is engaged. The displayed value is the current HDG/TRK or the manually
selected value of the target
‐ The flight crew turns the HDG/TRK knob. The value in the window first synchronizes with the
current HDG/TRK, then displays the manual selection. It remains displayed for 10 s or 45 s
depending upon FCU standard, then vanishes if the flight crew does not pull the knob (except in
HDG preset)
‐ A HDG/TRK is preset (Refer to DSC-22_30-60 HDG/TRK Preset)
‐ AP/FD is lost. The value becomes that of the aircraft current heading or track.
Note: If HDG is switched to TRK (or vice versa), the value displayed in the window switches
from heading to track (or vice versa).
HDG/TRK PRESET
The system has a HDG/TRK preset function for takeoff and go-around.
If the flight crew chooses not to fly the flight plan after takeoff or go-around, they may preset a HDG
or a TRK on the FCU by turning the HDG/TRK knob. The value they set remains displayed in the
FCU HDG/TRK window until they pull the knob.
OPERATION AT TAKEOFF
HDG/TRK preset is available before takeoff and up to 30 ft RA. Turning the HDG/TRK knob before
30 ft sets the desired HDG/TRK. As a consequence:
‐ NAV is disarmed
‐ At 30 ft, RWY TRK is annunciated until the HDG/TRK knob is pulled.
OPERATION AT GO-AROUND
Whenever the LOC*, LOC, LAND, FINAL APP, or GA modes are engaged, the HDG preset is
available. If the flight crew rotates the HDG/TRK knob to set the value, it will remain displayed in
the window. Pull out the HDG/TRK knob to activate the mode and turn the aircraft to the preset
value.
When overflying the MAP, HDG/TRK will synchronize with the current value. The HDG/TRK preset
function is no longer available.
CANCELLATION
The flight crew can cancel a preset HDG/TRK by:
‐ Engaging the NAV mode using the DIR TO
‐ Pushing in the HDG/TRK knob (arming NAV mode)
‐ Disengaging AP/FD.
NAVIGATION (NAV)
NAV mode is a managed mode that steers the aircraft laterally along the flight plan defined in the
FMGS. It is designed to have a zero cross-track error. The flight crew can arm or engage the NAV
mode if the MCDU contains a lateral flight plan.
ARMING CONDITIONS
Satisfying one of the following conditions arms NAV:
‐ The aircraft is on ground with no HDG/TRK preset and no other lateral mode except runway
mode
‐ The flight crew pushes in the HDG/TRK knob, unless the LOC mode is engaged
‐ The flight crew presses the APPR pb, if a non-ILS approach is selected
‐ A go-around is initiated, unless HDG/TRK is already preset.
DISARMING CONDITIONS
NAV mode disarms if one of the following occurs:
‐ The flight crew pulls out the HDG/TRK knob
‐ The flight crew selects a preset HDG/TRK (TO or GA)
‐ The flight crew arms the LOC mode by pressing the LOC pb
‐ LAND mode has engaged
‐ The flight crew presses the APPR pb, if an XLS approach is selected.
ENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
NAV mode engages:
‐ Automatically at 30 ft RA after takeoff (if armed on the ground)
‐ When the flight crew orders “DIR TO" (except below 700 ft RA in LOC mode)
‐ When the flight crew pushes in the HDG/TRK knob when the aircraft is close to (within ∼1 nm
of) the active flight plan leg
‐ Automatically in flight when NAV is armed and the aircraft reaches the capture zone for the
active flight plan leg
‐ Automatically during a go-around, when the aircraft is above 100 ft RA, and within the capture
zone for the active flight plan leg, unless a HDG/TRK was preset.
Note: During a go-around, when the approach was previously flown in NAV, APP NAV or
FINAL APP modes, the NAV mode remains engaged, unless a HDG/TRK was preset.
This mode captures and tracks a localizer beam independently of the glide path beam. Flight crew
use it to fly localizer-only approaches or to initiate an ILS approach when intercepting the glide slope
from above.
ARMING CONDITIONS
The flight crew arms the LOC mode by pressing the LOC pb, provided that:
‐ An ILS is tuned (frequency and runway course)
‐ The aircraft is above 400 ft RA
‐ TO or GA mode is not engaged.
DISARMING CONDITIONS
LOC mode is disarmed by:
‐ Pressing the LOC pb when LOC is armed
‐ Arming the NAV mode
‐ Engaging the GA mode.
Note: Engaging NAV mode by selecting DIR TO does not disarm the LOC mode.
ENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
The LOC mode engages automatically when capture conditions are met.
DISENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
The LOC mode disengages:
‐ When another lateral mode is engaged
‐ When the flight crew presses the LOC pb again (engaging the HDG/TRK mode on the current
HDG/TRK).
GENERAL
PRINCIPLES
To leave an FCU selected altitude for another target altitude, the flight crew must turn the Altitude
(ALT) knob in order to display the new target altitude and either:
‐ Pull out the ALT knob to engage the OPEN CLB/DES mode, or
‐ Push in the ALT knob to engage the CLB/DES mode, or
‐ Select a target vertical speed (V/S) and pull out the V/S or FPA knob to engage V/S mode, or
‐ Select EXPEDITE .
This arms ALT mode.
GENERAL
CLB mode guides the aircraft in a managed climb, at either a managed or a selected target speed, to
an FCU selected altitude, taking into account altitude constraints at waypoints.
The system also considers speed constraints if the target speed is managed. The vertical flight path
may include several segments:
The flight crew can arm the CLB mode during the takeoff, go-around, climb, and cruise phases and
engage it during the climb and cruise phases.
ARMING CONDITIONS
DISARMING CONDITIONS
ENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
The CLB mode can be engaged, if the following conditions are all met:
‐ The aircraft has been in flight for more than 5 s
‐ The selected FCU level is above the present aircraft level
‐ The descent, approach, or go-around phase is not active
‐ NAV mode is engaged
‐ Glideslope (G/S) mode is not engaged.
CLB mode automatically engages when the aircraft reaches ACC ALT, or sequences a waypoint with
an altitude constraint while the CLB mode is armed.
CLB mode manually engages when the flight crew pushes in the ALT knob, with the CLB mode not
armed and the current altitude is not an effective altitude constraint of the flight plan.
Note: When CLB mode is engaged:
‐ The V/S (FPA) window of the FCU shows dashes
‐ The managed LVL/CH dot on the FCU lights up
‐ The Flight Mode Annunciator displays “CLB” in Column 2.
DISENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
GUIDANCE
Climb mode gives the aircraft managed vertical guidance to the FCU selected altitude. It meets
altitude constraints at waypoints either with managed speed incorporating speed constraints or with
selected speed as target speed. The AP/FD pitch controls the speed or Mach number target and the
A/THR is in thrust mode (CLB) corresponding to maximum climb thrust. The flight path may include
several segments.
‐ When CLB mode is engaged, the system arms ALT and displays the applicable target altitude on
the ALT scale.
• If the next predicted level-off is an ALT CSTR, ALT is magenta on the FMA and the ALT CSTR
is displayed in magenta on the altitude scale
• If the next predicted level-off is the FCU altitude, ALT is blue on the FMA and the FCU selected
altitude is displayed in blue on the altitude scale.
Note: The system takes into account all constraints defined by the database or manually
entered by the flight crew. Nevertheless this mode has the following particularity: When
the aircraft is in CLB mode and the system predicts that it will miss an altitude constraint,
it will not modify the target speed in an attempt to meet it. In this case, the flight crew
may select an appropriate speed in order to meet the ALT CSTR.
‐ The guidance does not modify the target speed in order to satisfy an altitude constraint. Therefore
the constraint may not be met and may be predicted as missed
‐ When the aircraft levels off at the ALT CSTR, CLB mode arms automatically, then engages when
the aircraft passes the constrained waypoint (if the FCU altitude is above the constraint altitude).
GENERAL
The OPEN CLB mode is a selected mode. It uses the AP/FD pitch mode to maintain a SPD/MACH
(selected or managed) while the autothrust (if active) maintains maximum climb thrust.
ENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
The OPEN CLB mode can only be engaged, if all of the following conditions are met:
‐ The aircraft is in flight for more than 5 s
‐ The LAND mode is not engaged
‐ The FCU selected altitude is higher than the aircraft’s present altitude.
The OPEN CLB mode is engaged, if one of the following conditions occurs:
‐ The flight crew pulls out the ALT knob
‐ The flight crew pulls out the SPD/MACH knob, when TOGA mode or EXPED CLB is engaged
‐ Acceleration altitude is reached, with CLB armed, and NAV mode not engaged
‐ Guidance reverts to ensure speed protection
‐ NAV mode is lost (or disengaged), when previously in CLB mode. Reversion to OPEN CLB is
accompanied by a triple click aural warning (Refer to DSC-22_30-75 General).
Note: When OPEN CLB is engaged:
‐ The FMA displays "OP CLB"
‐ The managed LVL/CH dot on the FCU goes out.
DISENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
GUIDANCE
When OPEN CLB is engaged, the target speed/Mach is maintained by adjusting the pitch with the
elevator, whereas thrust is maintained either by the A/THR, or manually by the flight crew. Speed
target may either be selected or managed.
The OPEN CLB mode disregards all altitude constraints up to the FCU selected altitude.
Note: If the change is less than 1 200 ft in OPEN CLB mode, the aircraft responds with a rate
of climb of 1 000 ft/min.
GENERAL
The DES mode guides the aircraft along the descent path computed by the FMGS. The system
computes this flight path backwards from the deceleration point up to the top of descent (T/D), with
respect to the speed and altitude constraints at the deceleration point, the guidance begins the
deceleration to VAPP, to be reached at 1 000 ft above touchdown on the final descent path.
Internally, the computer divides the descent path into various segments, depending on the relative
positions of the constraints. It starts at top of descent (T/D) by setting up an “idle” segment that
takes the aircraft down to the first constraint, and follows this with “geometric” segments between
constraints.
The descent profile takes into account wind data and data from the lateral and vertical flight plans,
and it is based upon the managed descent speed profile. It does not take holding patterns into
consideration.
The descent profile has several segments:
‐ A repressurization segment. When necessary, this produces a repressurization rate for the cabin
during descent. It is a function of the destination airport altitude and the selected cabin rate
(defaulted to -350 ft/min but this can be modified)
‐ Idle path segment. The AP/FD controls the speed and the autothrust stays at idle thrust. The
guidance computes this profile from the top of descent or the end of the repressurization segment
to the first vertical constraint that cannot be flown at idle thrust
‐ Geometric path segments. The AP/FD controls the vertical path, and autothrust controls the
speed. These segments take the aircraft from the first constraint to the deceleration point.
The descent mode is a managed mode that may be engaged during cruise. It can be armed or
engaged in descent and approach phases (except if the FCU selected altitude is higher than the
present aircraft altitude).
ARMING CONDITIONS
The DES mode is armed when an ALT CSTR is captured and all the following conditions are met:
‐ FCU selected altitude is lower than present altitude
‐ NAV, LOC* or LOC mode is engaged
‐ Takeoff or go-around phase is not active
‐ Flight profile is available.
DISARMING CONDITIONS
ENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
The DES mode can be engaged, when the following conditions are met:
‐ The FCU selected altitude is lower than present altitude
‐ NAV, LOC*, or LOC mode is engaged
‐ Takeoff, climb, or go-around phase is not active
‐ Vertical flight path is valid
‐ TO, G/S, LAND, FINAL or GA mode is not engaged, and:
• The aircraft sequences a waypoint with an ALT CSTR, and DES mode is armed. The DES
mode engages automatically, or
• The flight crew presses the ALT knob, while ALT* or ALT magenta is not engaged, or
• The flight crew presses the ALT knob, while ALT* or ALT is engaged, but the current altitude is
not an effective altitude constraint of the F-PLN.
DISENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
REPRESSURIZATION SEGMENT
The top of descent (T/D) may be updated if the flight crew modifies the cabin rate of descent (default
rate is -350 ft/min).
If the flight crew enters a lower cabin rate, the system computes a repressurization segment that
takes into account the additional time needed for repressurization.
The descent speed profile is usually the ECON SPD profile, amended by any speed constraints and
speed limit contained in the flight plan.
Before the descent phase is active, if flight crew does not intend to fly the ECON speed/Mach profile,
a different speed or Mach can be entered to amend the speed profile.
It is obtained by entering a Mach number and/or a speed in the MANAGED field of the PERF DES
MCDU page (3L key).
If the flight crew reverts to the SELECTED speed/MACH mode during descent, the profile is not
modified and the aircraft flies the same profile at the FCU selected speed/MACH value.
Basic managed SPD/MACH profile in DES mode is:
‐ ECON MACH, or SELECTED Mach
‐ ECON SPD, or SELECTED Speed
‐ SPD CSTR (if any)
‐ SPD LIMIT
‐ Green Dot/S/F/VAPP
‐ VAPP TARGET.
DESCENT INITIATION
The aircraft will not start its descent automatically when reaching the top of descent (T/D). In order
to initiate the descent, the flight crew sets the clearance altitude by turning the ALT knob then
pushes the ALT knob.
The aircraft will descend immediately:
‐ If the top of descent is not reached, the aircraft descends at a constant V/S converging on the
descent path
‐ If the aircraft is at or beyond the T/D, it descends at idle thrust.
When the speed is managed, a target speed range displayed on the PFD defines acceptable
speed variations around the nominal descent speed target.
FMA DISPLAY
When DES mode is engaged, the system arms ALT and displays the applicable target altitude on
the PFD altitude scale.
‐ If the next predicted level-off is an altitude constraint, ALT is magenta on the FMA second line
and the PFD displays the altitude constraint magenta above the altitude scale.
When the aircraft flies at the altitude constraint (ALT CSTR), the system arms DES blue.
When the aircraft meets the constraint, DES engages again automatically.
‐ If the next predicted level-off is the FCU altitude, ALT is blue on the FMA and the PFD displays
the FCU selected altitude in blue.
GENERAL
INTERCEPT POINT
Associated with the VDEV displayed on PFD, the ND shows an intercept point ( ) on the flight
plan. It indicates the position where the system predicts that the aircraft will intercept the descent
profile.
The navigation display presents a pseudo waypoint (intercept point) along the flight plan that
assumes the aircraft will return to the profile using:
‐ Idle thrust
‐ 1/2 speedbrake extension
‐ ECON speed plus a margin (until intercepting the profile).
If necessary, the message “AIRBRAKES” (old FMGC standard) or “MORE DRAG” comes up on
the PFD and the MCDU, and remains there as long as more drag (speedbrakes) is still required.
The flight crew should respond to this message by deploying half speedbrakes.
Whenever the intercept point is predicted to be close to a constrained waypoint, the PFD and
MCDU display an “AIRBRAKES” or “MORE DRAG” message depending upon the FMGS
standard.
Note: With DES mode engaged, the speedbrakes extension will not necessarily increase the
descent rate. It increases only if the aircraft is above path.
GUIDANCE IN A HOLD
Just before the aircraft enters a holding pattern, the speed target becomes the holding speed.
In the holding pattern, the DES mode commands V/S = -1 000 ft/min while A/THR maintains the
holding speed. The aircraft will level off at the next altitude constraint if it is reached during the
hold.
The current vertical deviation VDEV is based on the altitude at which the aircraft is supposed to
cross the exit fix in order to be properly positioned on the descent profile.
Until the flight crew exits the hold, the FMGS in DES mode will maintain V/S = -1 000 ft/min
considering downpath vertical constraint. This means that the aircraft will not descent below the
next altitude constraint, neither the FCU selected altitude. If the aircraft reaches the next altitude
constraint it will level off and ALT CST mode will engage.
When this occurs, the MCDU displays no predictions between the upper and the lower points of
the too steep path. Relevant message “TOO STEEP PATH” is displayed on MCDU.
When the aircraft reaches the beginning of the too steep path segment, the FM recomputes the
VDEV using an idle segment from the end of the too steep path segment.
GENERAL
The OPEN DES mode is a selected mode. It maintains a SPD/MACH (selected or managed) with the
AP/FD pitch mode while autothrust (if active) maintains IDLE thrust.
It is not to be used for final approach.
ENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
The OPEN DES mode can be engaged only if the following conditions are met:
‐ The aircraft has been in flight for more than 5 s
‐ LAND mode is not engaged
‐ The FCU selected altitude is lower than present altitude.
The OPEN DES mode is engaged by one of the following:
‐ Pulling out the ALT knob
‐ Selecting a manual speed when EXP mode is engaged.
Note: When OP DES is engaged:
‐ The FMA displays “OP DES”
‐ The managed LVL/CH dot on the FCU goes out
‐ The system arms the ALT mode.
DISENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
GUIDANCE
When OPEN DES is engaged, pitch control maintains the target speed/Mach number, and autothrust
maintains idle thrust (or the flight crew maintains it manually). The speed target may be either
selected or managed.
The OPEN DES mode disregards all altitude constraints.
GENERAL
ALT* (green) mode guides the aircraft to acquire the FCU selected altitude.
ALT* (magenta) guides the aircraft to acquire an altitude constraint provided by Flight Management.
Once the aircraft has reached the altitude, the altitude mode (ALT green or magenta) engages.
ENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
The mode engages when the aircraft reaches the altitude capture zone, defined by the aircraft
vertical speed (among other parameters).
Note: ALT* cannot be engaged below 400 ft, if either the takeoff or the go-around mode is
engaged.
DISENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
GUIDANCE
The ALT* mode has internal V/S guidance that is a direct function of the difference between present
altitude and the altitude target.
The system switches automatically to ALT (altitude hold) when the altitude deviation becomes less
than 20 ft.
ALT* mode has internal protections that decreases the vertical speed when VLS or VMAX is reached
(VLS or VMAX becomes the priority target).
Note: ‐ If the baro setting is changed during ALT* mode, this may lead to an FCU target
overshoot due to the change of the current value of the altitude. However ALT* mode will
allow the FCU altitude to be regained.
‐ For aircraft equipped with QFE option, a switching from STD to QFE (or vice versa) in
ALT CST* mode, will change the target value and a reversion to V/S may occur if the
target value is modified of 250 ft or more.
GENERAL
The ALT mode maintains a target altitude. This target altitude is either the FCU selected altitude or
an altitude constraint delivered by Flight Management.
ARMING CONDITIONS
The ALT mode arms automatically whenever the aircraft climbs or descends toward the target
altitude.
Note: The ALT mode arms only if the difference between the current altitude and the FCU
selected altitude is at least 250 ft.
When ALT is armed, the FMA displays the ALT message on its second line:
‐ Blue when the target altitude is the FCU selected altitude
‐ Magenta if the target altitude is an altitude constraint.
ENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
The ALT mode is engaged automatically when the difference between present altitude and the target
altitude becomes less than 20 ft with ALT* engaged.
Note: The ALT mode is displayed on the FMA when the V/S knob is pushed in or is pulled out
with V/S-FPA target set to zero but V/S mode is still active. In other words, if V/S knob is
dialled up or down, the aircraft will climb or descend without any pulling action.
DISENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
The ALT mode disengages when any other vertical mode engages.
GUIDANCE
‐ The altitude that ALT mode holds is the altitude it memorized when engaged. It is not affected by a
change of reference in the ALT window or by a change in the barometric correction.
‐ When ALT is engaged, the FMA displays ALT in green (FCU altitude hold) or ALT magenta if it is
an altitude constraint.
‐ If the AP is engaged while FD is already engaged in ALT mode at the FCU selected altitude, the
autopilot:
• Acquires and holds the FCU altitude if present altitude is within 250 ft of it, or
• Commands a level-off if present altitude is more than 250 ft from the FCU altitude.
The soft altitude mode engages when the aircraft reaches the FCU altitude set as the cruise flight
level (entered in the F-PLN or on PROG page).
The soft altitude mode corrects minor deviations from the Mach target by allowing a ±50 ft variation
from the CRZ FL. This feature improves fuel efficiency and passenger comfort and minimizes the
changes in thrust.
GENERAL
The V/S - FPA mode is a selected mode. It acquires and holds the vertical speed or the flight path
angle displayed in the V/S - FPA window of the FCU.
The HDG V/S -TRK FPA pb on the FCU allows the flight crew to select either type of reference to be
used for guidance and for display on the PFD.
ENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
DISENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
The flight crew can disengage the V/S mode manually by:
‐ Pulling or pushing the Altitude knob, or
‐ Pushing the EXPED pb , or
‐ Initiating a go-around.
It disengages automatically:
‐ When the aircraft reaches the FCU altitude, or
‐ Upon G/S* engagement.
GUIDANCE
The FMGC pitch mode guides the aircraft to the target V/S or FPA. The corresponding A/THR mode
is SPEED or MACH. The FMA displays V/S (FPA).
The V/S (FPA) guidance has priority over the speed guidance. If the selected target V/S or FPA is
too high (relative to the current thrust condition and speed), the FMGC will steer the aircraft to the
target V/S or FPA, but the aircraft will also accelerate or decelerate.
When the speed reaches its authorized limit, V/S or FPA automatically decreases to maintain the
minimum (or maximum) speed limit.
Note: If the flight crew sets V/S = 0 or pushes the V/S or FPA knob to level off, it automatically
sets V/S or FPA target to zero and the aircraft levels off and maintains its altitude.
ALT green is displayed on FMA but V/S mode remains internally active. If the flight crew
turns the V/S knob up or down, the aircraft climbs or descends immediately.
GENERAL
There are several types of mode reversions. Each one observes a specific logic that can be
described as follows.
When an OPEN mode is engaged, the aircraft climbs or descends towards the altitude set on the
FCU. If the flight crew sets the FCU altitude to a target not compatible with the active open mode, a
mode reversion occurs and V/S (or FPA) engages on current V/S (or FPA).
This reversion applies to CLB, OP CLB, DES, OP DES, EXP DES , EXP CLB .
Example: Reversion from OP CLB to V/S:
With ALT* engaged, the target altitude is changed by any value greater than 250 ft, V/S (or FPA)
engages on currents V/S (or FPA). Refer to DSC-22_30-75 Mode Reversions (Summary).
If within 5 s after the reversion to V/S (FPA), the flight crew does not confirm the altitude target
change by:
‐ Pulling the ALT knob, or
‐ Setting a new V/S (or FPA) target, or
‐ Pushing the V/S or FPA knob on the FCU,
then, a triple click sounds, and the V/S (FPA) is boxed white for additional 10 s.
reaching VLS (or VLS-5, if the speed target is VLS), the AP temporarily abandons the V/S target,
and automatically decreases the vertical speed to maintain VLS. The same applies if FPA mode is
used with an excessive FPA target.
Note: When flying with FD bars only (AP OFF), the FMGS adjusts the pitch bar so that VMAX
is maintained. However, no triple click is generated and the V/S target display on the
FMA remains unchanged.
There are only 2 types of vertical mode reversions on aircraft equipped with global speed protection.
REVERSION DUE TO A CHANGE OF THE FCU SELECTED ALTITUDE
Vertical Mode Engaged FCU Altitude Selection Change Vertical Mode Switches to
CLB - OP CLB
Below aircraft altitude
EXP CLB
DES - OP DES V/S on current V/S
Above aircraft altitude
EXP DES
ALT* ACTIVE Any change
SPEED PROTECTION WHEN FD ORDERS ARE NOT FOLLOWED BY THE FLIGHT CREW (AP
NOT ENGAGED)
CONDITIONS EVENT CONSEQUENCE
IAS = VLS-2 FD bars disappear.
‐ FD engaged only (no AP), and
(if speedbrakes are extended between If A/THR active, automatic
‐ OP DES or EXP DES or DES
VLS-2 and VLS-19) engagement of SPEED mode on
engaged the A/THR.
‐ A/THR active (IDLE thrust) Thrust increases to recover the
speed target.
IAS = VMAX+4 FD bars disappear.
‐ FD engaged only (no AP), and
VMAX = VFE or VLE or VMO/MMO If A/THR active, automatic
‐ OP CLB or EXP CLB or CLB
engagement of SPEED mode on
engaged the A/THR.
‐ A/THR active (CLIMB thrust) Thrust decreases to recover the
speed target.
GENERAL
These modes are called “common” because they are related to both the lateral and the vertical axes.
The AP/FD common modes are:
‐ On takeoff: Runway/Runway track associated to SRS vertical modes
‐ In approach: ILS approach (LAND) or non-ILS approach (APP NAV FINAL)
‐ In go around: NAV or Go around track associated to SRS vertical modes.
These modes are engaged simultaneously on both axes.
COMMON MODES VERTICAL LATERAL
RWY
TAKEOFF SRS
RWY TRK
G/S* LOC*
ILS G/S LOC
APPROACH APPROACH LAND, FLARE,
MODES ROLL OUT
NON-ILS
FINAL APP NAV
APPROACH
GO AROUND GA TRK
SRS
(GA) NAV
GENERAL
Takeoff mode combines the SRS (Speed Reference System) vertical mode with the RWY lateral
mode. Both are simultaneously engaged, but may be disengaged separately.
Takeoff mode is available:
‐ During the takeoff run and initial climb for FD bars guidance
‐ 5 s after lift-off for AP use.
GENERAL
The SRS mode controls pitch to steer the aircraft along a path in the vertical plan at a speed
defined by the SRS guidance law.
ENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
The SRS mode engages automatically when the thrust levers are set to the TOGA or FLX/MCT
detent, providing:
‐ V2 has been inserted in the MCDU PERF TAKEOFF page
‐ The slats are extended
‐ The aircraft has been on ground for at least 30 s.
DISENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
The SRS mode disengages:
‐ Automatically, at the acceleration altitude (ACC ALT), or if ALT* or ALT CST* mode engages
(above 400 ft RA)
‐ If the flight crew engages another vertical mode
‐ If the flight crew selects a speed while in SRS mode: SRS reverts to OP CLB mode, and a
triple-click aural warning is heard.
Note: In Engine Out conditions, the SRS mode does not automatically disengage at EO ACC
ALT. Refer to DSC-22_20-60-40 General.
GUIDANCE
In SRS mode, the aircraft maintains a speed target equal to V2+10 kt in normal engine
configuration. When the FMGS detects an engine failure, the speed target becomes the highest of
V2 or current speed, limited by V2+15 kt.
RUNWAY (RWY)
GENERAL
The RUNWAY mode has two submodes:
‐ RWY mode, which gives lateral guidance orders during takeoff roll and initial climb out (up to
30 ft RA) if a LOC signal is available
‐ RWY TRK mode, which gives lateral guidance on the track the aircraft was flying at mode
engagement (at 30 ft RA).
ENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
The RWY engagement conditions are:
‐ The conditions required for SRS mode engagement:
• V2 is inserted in the MCDU PERF TAKEOFF page
• Slats are extended
• The aircraft has been on ground for at least 30 s.
‐ The aircraft is receiving a LOC signal and LOC deviation is less than 1/2 dot
DISENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
RWY mode disengages if:
‐ The LOC signal is lost below 30 ft RA or the aircraft heading and the runway heading differ by
more than 20 °.
‐ Another lateral mode is engaged.
Note: If the takeoff runway has no ILS, RWY mode is not available and the PFD does not
display the yaw bar nor "RWY" on FMA.
GUIDANCE
The RWY mode uses the LOC signal to guide the aircraft on the runway centerline while the
aircraft is on the ground. The PFD displays the FD yaw bar and the FMA displays "RWY".
The RWY TRK mode guides the aircraft on the track the aircraft was flying at mode engagement.
The FD displays the conventional guidance bar and the FMA displays “RWY TRK”.
General
GENERAL
Precision Approach
GENERAL
The ILS approach mode includes the following modes:
VERTICAL MODE LATERAL MODE
G/S* (capture) LOC* (capture)
G/S (track) LOC (track)
COMMON MODES:
LAND - FLARE - ROLL OUT
The sequencing of these modes is automatic once the flight crew has pushed the APPR pb and
the conditions for engagement are met.
SELECTION
The ILS approach is selected when the APPR pb of the FCU is pressed and:
‐ An ILS approach or a runway only or no approach is inserted in the Flight Management flight
plan (ARRIVAL page), and an ILS frequency is set in on the MCDU, or
‐ Both radio management panels are set to NAV and each one has the ILS frequency and
course set in.
CHECK APPROACH SELECTION MESSAGE
If the flight crew inserts a non-ILS approach into the flight plan, and then uses the RAD NAV
page to tune an ILS manually, the MCDU displays “CHECK APPR SELECTION”. This message
is a reminder that the available APPR guidance modes are APP NAV and FINAL.
APPR MODE
ARMING CONDITIONS OF LOC AND G/S MODES
The flight crew arms the ILS APPR mode (LOC and G/S in blue on the FMA) by pushing the
APPR pb on the FCU, provided that:
‐ An ILS approach is selected
‐ The aircraft is above 400 ft RA
‐ The ILS and RA are available
‐ Go-around or takeoff or final mode is not engaged
‐ ILS frequency and course are identically set on both receivers.
LOC and G/S blue are displayed on the FMA. Both modes will automatically engage when
conditions are met.
Second autopilot may be engaged.
Current landing capability is displayed on the FMA.
DISARMING CONDITIONS OF LOC AND G/S MODES
ILS APPR mode is disarmed, if the aircraft is above 400 ft and:
‐ When the flight crew presses the APPR pb, both the LOC and the G/S modes disarm.
The HDG/TRK mode engages if the LOC mode was engaged, and the V/S (FPA) mode
engages if the G/S mode was engaged
‐ When the flight crew presses the LOC pb, only the G/S mode disarms.
The V/S (FPA) mode engages, if the G/S mode was engaged
‐ When the flight crew pulls the HDG/TRK knob
‐ When the flight crew engages the go-around mode.
The aircraft is guided with a converging track of 20 ° from the LOC axis, when all the following
conditions are met:
‐ NAV mode is engaged, and LOC mode is armed
‐ The aircraft is within 20 nm of the destination runway
‐ The difference between the aircraft track and the QFU is less than 20 °.
ENHANCED LOC CAPTURE FUNCTION
The Enhanced LOC Capture function enhances the performance of the LOC capture and helps
the aircraft to capture the LOC beam without overshoot.
Pre-Capture of the LOC Beam
The pre-capture of the LOC beam aims to begin the LOC beam capture sooner.
LOC* mode may engage when LOC mode is armed and when the aircraft reaches the LOC
pre-capture zone. The LOC pre-capture zone is a geographical zone around LOC beam
where it is possible to guide the aircraft toward the LOC beam, with the help of FMS position
data. To ensure the capture of the LOC beam, the aircraft is guided with a 15 ° convergence
angle with respect to runway QFU.
The LOC* mode engagement in the pre-capture zone is possible, when :
‐ The LOC deviation is more than 2.3 dots
‐ The FMS is in GPS PRIMARY
‐ The difference between the track and the QFU is between 25 ° and 115 °
‐ The guidance roll order is such that LOC* will capture the LOC beam without overshoot.
When the LOC deviation becomes lower than 2.3 dots, LOC* mode no longer uses the FMS
position data for guidance, but the actual LOC beam deviation to complete the capture of the
axis.
Capture of the LOC Beam
Current conditions of LOC beam capture in the capture zone remain the same. This means
that if approach conditions of the aircraft (interception angle, speed) do not need activation of
the capture assistance, the LOC beam capture will occur as usual based on LOC deviation,
aircraft track and guidance roll order conditions.
Note: On the PFD and on the ND, the flight crew will observe movement of the LOC
deviation toward the center of the scale, only when the LOC deviation is less than 2
dots. This occurs when the aircraft is in the capture zone.
When the ILS frequency or the ILS ident entered on the RAD NAV page differs from the ILS
of the destination runway entered in the Flight Plan :
‐ The aircraft loses the LOC capture assistance function
‐ The “RWY/LS MISMATCH” message is displayed on the scratchpad
‐ The flight crew should select HDG mode to perform the LOC capture.
Note: There is no glideslope capture assistance. The flight crew shall ensure that the
aircraft flight path intercepts the G/S beam.
LAND MODE
ENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
LAND mode automatically engages when the LOC and G/S modes are engaged, and the
aircraft is below 400 ft RA. The FMA displays “LAND”, indicating that LOC and G/S are
locked. No action on the FCU will disengage LAND mode. FLARE and ROLL OUT modes will
successively engage.
DISENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
LAND mode disengages:
‐ Upon engagement of the go-around mode
‐ If the flight crew presses the APPR pb, when the aircraft has been on ground for at least 10 s
with the autopilot disconnected
‐ When both AP/FDs are disengaged.
Note: When LAND is not displayed on the FMA, at/or slightly below 400 ft, the landing
capability degrades to CAT 1 and the triple click is generated. No autoland is
authorized with CAT 1 displayed on the FMA.
FLARE MODE
Once the aircraft reaches approximately 40 ft RA (the precise value is a function of V/S):
‐ The FLARE mode engages
‐ The FMA displays “FLARE” in green.
At 30 ft RA, the AP/FD aligns the yaw axis with the runway centerline and the aircraft flares
on the pitch axis. If the autothrust is active, thrust is automatically reduced to IDLE (Refer to
DSC-22_30-90 A/THR Modes - RETARD Mode).
When both AP/FDs are disengaged, FLARE mode disengages.
After main landing gear touchdown, the autopilot (if engaged) sends a nose down order.
ALIGN SUB-MODE
ALIGN is a sub-mode of LAND mode that lines up the aircraft’s axis with the ILS course. It is not
displayed to the flight crew.
SPEED CONTROL
The autothrust, when active, controls speed. The approach speed target (VAPP) is either managed
by the FMGS or selected by the flight crew:
‐ When managed, the speed target is computed by the FMGS and may be modified by the flight
crew through the MCDU. At 700 ft RA, the current speed target value is memorized by the
autothrust, to ensure stabilized speed guidance, even if Flight Management fails. Below 700 ft, any
new VAPP or WIND entry in the MCDU has no effect on the speed target.
‐ When selected, the autothrust always targets the speed selected on the FCU.
The following situations, when occurring below 200 ft RA with the aircraft in LAND mode, trigger the
flashing Autoland red warning and a triple click aural warning:
‐ Both APs OFF below 200 ft RA.
‐ Excessive deviation in LOC (1/4 dot above 15 ft RA) or GLIDE (1 dot above 100 ft RA). In addition,
LOC and GLIDE scales flash on the PFD.
‐ Loss of LOC signal above 15 ft, or loss of GLIDE signal above 100 ft. The FD bars flash on the
PFD. The LAND mode remains engaged.
‐ The difference between both radio altimeter indications is greater than 15 ft.
LANDING CAPABILITIES
GENERAL
This mode guides the aircraft laterally and vertically down to the Minimum Descent Altitude (MDA) or
Minimum Descent Height (MDH) along the final descent profile computed by the FMGS.
This mode is used to fly a non-ILS approach (VOR, VOR/DME, NDB (if ADF ), RNAV...) as
inserted into the flight plan.
SELECTION
A non-ILS approach (VOR, VOR/DME, NDB (if ADF ), RNAV) is selected if the active flight plan
calls for it (and it has been inserted in that flight plan).
ARMING CONDITIONS
The flight crew arms the APP NAV and FINAL modes by pressing the APPR pb on the FCU, if all of
the following conditions are met:
‐ The aircraft is above 400 ft AGL
‐ The flight plan is valid (lateral and vertical profile)
‐ The active flight plan has selected a non-ILS approach
‐ GA mode is not engaged.
The FMA displays “FINAL” and “APP NAV” in blue.
If NAV mode was already engaged, APP NAV engages immediately.
DISARMING CONDITIONS
FINAL and APP NAV modes are disarmed if the flight crew:
‐ Presses the APPR pb, or
‐ Presses the LOC pb arming the LOC mode, or
‐ Engages the GO AROUND mode.
ENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
APP NAV and NAV modes engage under the same conditions:
If NAV mode was engaged, APP NAV engages immediately. If HDG/TRK is engaged, APP NAV
engages when the intercept conditions are met (aircraft track line must intercept the flight plan active
leg).
APP NAV will engage if the "TO" waypoint is displayed in white on the ND and MCDU.
A blue arrow is displayed on NDs to indicate where the FINAL APP engagement conditions are met
and where the final descent will begin automatically.
If the same arrow is displayed in white, at least one engagement condition is not fulfilled, FINAL APP
will not engage and the aircraft will not descend automatically.
Definition of the Final Descent Point (also called Vertical Intersection Point "VIP" for
RNAV(RNP) approaches)
The Final Descent Point is the capture point of the final descent segment coded in the Navigation
Database. It is the latest point where FINAL APP is supposed to be engaged. For RNAV(RNP)
approaches, this point may be indicated on the chart as "VIP".
This point is defined in the Navigation Database by:
‐ A constant vertical flight path beyond this point,
‐ A coded altitude constraint that may be "at" or "at or above" (e.g. +3 000 ft). This constraint
is displayed on ND (in magenta), next to the corresponding waypoint, when the CSTR key is
selected on the EFIS Control Panel. It is also shown on the F-PLN page at this WPT.
Note: The Final Approach Fix (FAF) is the position from where the obstacle clearance is defined
relative to an Obstacle Clearance Surface (OCS). Obstacle clearance is only ensured if
the aircraft is flying on the defined vertical flight path. Before the FAF, minimum altitudes
are published with fixed Minimum Obstacle Clearance (MOC). The Final Descent Point is
the point in the procedure at or before the FAF from which a constant vertical flight path is
defined.
DISENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
GUIDANCE
The FINAL mode guides the aircraft on the vertical profile down to the minimum.
The FINAL mode does the following:
‐ Displays a vertical deviation scale (± 200 ft) on the PFD and a VDEV symbol showing deviation
from descent path
‐ Anticipates leaving the altitude selected by the FCU when the aircraft reaches the Continue
Descent symbol (blue arrow on the ND)
‐ Gives precise vertical guidance on the descent and final path with an internal vertical speed
limitation to avoid excessive V/S.
If the autopilot is engaged while you are using the APP NAV/ FINAL modes, it disengages
automatically at the Missed Approach Point (MAP).
FD modes revert to HDG-V/S or TRK-FPA basic modes.
GENERAL
When the flight crew performs a go-around, the Speed Reference System (SRS) vertical guidance
mode automatically engages.
In addition:
‐ The NAV mode is automatically engaged or armed, except if HDG/TRK was preset, or
‐ The GA TRK lateral mode is automatically engaged until the HDG/TRK knob is pulled if the
HDG/TRK mode is preset.
Note: Below 100 ft , the HDG mode remains engaged with NAV mode armed if HDG/TRK was
already engaged during approach.
ENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
Setting at least one thrust lever to the TOGA detent engages both SRS/NAV modes, if:
‐ The flaps lever is at least in position 1, and
‐ The aircraft is in flight, or
‐ The aircraft has been on ground for less than 30 s (AP disengages and can be re-engaged 5 s
after lift-off).
FD bars are automatically restored in SRS/NAV modes. If FPV/FPD was previously selected, it
reverts to FD bars.
The FMA displays “SRS” and “NAV” in green.
DISENGAGEMENT CONDITIONS
GUIDANCE
The SRS law maintains the current speed at Go-around engagement, or VAPP, whichever is higher.
Nevertheless, the SRS speed target is limited to VLS+25 kt, in a two-engine configuration, and
VLS+15 kt, in an engine-out configuration. When the SRS mode disengages, the target speed
becomes the smaller of green dot speed or speed constraints.
GA TRK mode guides the aircraft along the current track at Go-around initiation.
GENERAL
The autothrust (A/THR) is a function of the FMGS, it includes two independent A/THR commands,
one per FMGC. Each one is able to control the thrust of both engines simultaneously through two
Engine Interface Units and two Electronic Engine Controls (IAE engines) or two Engine Control Units
(CFM engines). Only one FMGC controls the active A/THR, it is called the master FMGC.
Thrust is controlled:
‐ Automatically when the A/THR is active
‐ Manually by the flight crew.
The autothrust is active when the A/THR pb of the FCU is lighted green and A/THR is displayed
white in the FMA 5th column.
The position of the thrust levers determines whether A/THR is armed, active, or disconnected.
The autothrust system, when active:
‐ Maintains a specific thrust in THRUST mode
‐ Controls the aircraft speed or Mach in SPEED/MACH mode
‐ Uses ALPHA FLOOR mode to set maximum thrust when the aircraft angle of attack exceeds a
specific threshold.
The autothrust system can operate independently or with the AP/FD:
‐ When performing alone, A/THR always controls the speed
‐ If the autothrust system is working with the AP/FD, the A/THR mode and AP/FD pitch modes are
linked together. Refer to DSC-22_30-10 Interaction between AP/FD and A/THR Modes.
When autothrust is active, the FMGS commands the thrust according to the vertical mode logic, but
uses a thrust not greater than the thrust commanded by the position of the thrust lever. For example,
when the thrust levers are set at the CL (climb) detent, FG can command thrust between idle and
max climb.
The autothrust system, when armed, automatically activates if the thrust levers are moved into the
active range sector. Outside of this range, thrust levers control thrust directly.
THRUST LEVERS
Five detents divide each of the thrust lever sectors into four segments. The detents are:
TO GA : Max takeoff thrust
FLX MCT : Max continuous thrust (or FLX at takeoff)
CL : Maximum climb thrust
IDLE : Idle thrust for both forward and reverse thrust
MAX REV : Maximum reverse thrust
When the thrust levers are at the IDLE position, the flight crew can pull them up to clear the IDLE
stop and select reverse thrust. (There is no reverse detent as such).
Arming conditions of the A/THR are numerous. The following is a list of the most important ones:
‐ One FMGC operative
‐ One FAC operative
‐ Two ADIRS operative
‐ Two FADECs operative
‐ One channel of the FCU operative
‐ One LGCIU operative
‐ A/THR is not manually disabled (instinctive disconnect pb has not been pressed for more than
15 s).
Note: At takeoff, if the thrust levers are set back to idle, the A/THR disengages and cannot be
rearmed until the aircraft becomes airborne.
A/THR ACTIVATION
GENERAL
The A/THR is active when it controls thrust or speed. The position of the thrust lever determines
the maximum thrust that the A/THR system can command (except in α-floor condition).
The A/THR being armed, is activated:
‐ When the flight crew sets both thrust levers between the CL and IDLE detents (two engines
operative), or
‐ When the flight crew sets one thrust lever between the MCT and IDLE detents (one engine
inoperative).
The A/THR being disconnected, is activated when the flight crew pushes the A/THR pb on the
FCU while the thrust levers are within the active range, including IDLE position.
Note: When the flight crew sets both thrust levers to IDLE position, the A/THR disconnects
but, if the flight crew pushes the A/THR pb of the FCU, they will simultaneously arm and
activate the autothrust. Due to the thrust levers position, IDLE thrust will be maintained.
When ALPHA FLOOR is activated, regardless of the initial status of A/THR and the position of the
thrust levers, the A/THR activates.
When A/THR is active:
‐ The A/THR pb on the FCU lights up
‐ The FMA displays A/THR mode in green in the first column and "A/THR" in white in the fifth
column.
A/THR DISCONNECTION
GENERAL
When the A/THR is disconnected, it is neither armed nor active.
The A/THR can be disconnected in two ways:
‐ Standard disconnection:
• The flight crew pushes the instinctive disconnect pb on the thrust levers, or
• The flight crew sets both thrust levers to IDLE detent.
‐ Non-standard disconnection:
• The flight crew pushes the A/THR pb on the FCU while A/THR is active/armed, or
• The system loses one of the arming conditions.
CAUTION If the flight crew pushes and holds one instinctive disconnect pb for more than
15 s, the A/THR system is disconnected for the remainder of the flight. All A/THR
functions including ALPHA FLOOR are lost, and they can be recovered only at the
next FMGC power-up (on ground).
The Thrust Lock function is activated when the thrust levers are in the CL detent (or the MCT detent
with one engine out), and:
‐ The flight crew pushes the instinctive disconnect pb on the thrust levers, or
‐ The flight crew pushes the A/THR pb on the FCU, or
‐ The A/THR disconnects due to a failure.
The thrust is locked at its level prior to disconnection. Moving the thrust levers out of CL or MCT
suppresses the thrust lock and gives the flight crew manual control with the thrust levers.
When the Thrust Lock function is active, “THR LK” flashes amber on the FMA. This warning ceases
when the flight crew moves the thrust levers out of the detent.
A/THR DISCONNECTION
BY INSTINCTIVE
DISCONNECT pb
OR SETTING TWO BY OTHER MEANS
LEVERS TO IDLE
(if above 50 ft RA)
MASTER Illuminated
Illuminated
CAUTION light 3 s maximum
A/THR OFF amber message AUTO FLT A/THR
ECAM MESSAGE
CONSEQUENCE 9 s maximum OFF amber caution
AUDIO Single chime Single chime
CLR pb on ECAM
Extinguished Illuminated
CONTROL PANEL
‐ Extinguishes MASTER
MASTER Extinguishes MASTER
CAUTION light
CAUTION light ‐ Erases ECAM message
CAUTION light
‐ Extinguishes MASTER
CLR pb on ECAM CAUTION light and CLR pb
ACTION No effect
CONTROL PANEL ‐ Erases ECAM message
‐ Calls status
‐ Extinguishes MASTER
INSTINCTIVE Extinguishes MASTER
CAUTION light
DISCONNECT pb ‐ Erases ECAM message
CAUTION light
The standard disconnection triggers temporary ECAM message and caution light. Single chime
sounds.
The non standard disconnection triggers caution light and ECAM message removed only by a flight
crew action. Single chime sounds.
A/THR MODES
GENERAL
Except in takeoff and go-around situations, normal operation of the A/THR system requires the
thrust levers to be:
‐ In the CL detent for the two-engine configuration. If they are not set in the CL detent, “CLB”
flashes amber on the FMA
‐ In MCT detent when in the one-engine-out configuration. If the appropriate lever is not set in the
MCT detent, “MCT” flashes amber on the FMA
‐ At takeoff or go-around, thrust levers must be set to TOGA (or FLX at takeoff). The FMA
displays TOGA (or FLX) in green and A/THR is armed (blue in last column).
The A/THR modes are selected automatically in conjunction with the AP/FD modes (except for
ALPHA FLOOR):
A/THR in THRUST mode AP/FD pitch mode maintains the speed:
OP CLB - OP DES - CLB - EXP CLB - EXP DES - SRS - FLARE and
DES (IDLE path)
A/THR in SPEED/MACH mode If neither AP nor FD is engaged
If AP/FD controls a vertical path:
V/S - FPA - ALT* - ALT - G/S* - G/S - FINAL and DES (geometric path)
A/THR in RETARD mode AP/FD engaged in LAND mode during an automatic landing
THRUST MODE
In THRUST mode, autothrust commands a specific thrust level in conjunction with the AP/FD pitch
mode. This thrust level is limited by thrust lever position.
FMA Display Meaning
MCT Single engine thrust in climb. The live engine is at maximum continuous thrust
(thrust lever in MCT detent)
CLB Climb thrust in two engine configuration (at least one thrust lever in the CL
detent, the other one below CL)
THR Undetermined thrust (neither CLB nor MCT thrust)
IDLE Minimum thrust (both engines at IDLE thrust)
RETARD MODE
The RETARD mode is only available during automatic landing (AP engaged in LAND mode).
At approximately 40 ft RA, the RETARD mode engages and remains engaged after touchdown.
The A/THR commands IDLE thrust during the flare, and the FMA and engine warning display
“IDLE”. If the autopilot is disengaged during the flare before touchdown, the SPEED mode
replaces the RETARD mode, and the flight crew has to manually reduce thrust.
Note: In an automatic landing, the system generates a “RETARD” callout at 10 ft RA, which
prompts the flight crew to move the thrust levers to IDLE in order to confirm thrust
reduction. In manual landing conditions, the system generates this callout at 20 ft RA, as
a reminder.
ALPHA FLOOR
ALPHA FLOOR is a protection that commands TOGA thrust, regardless of the thrust levers’
positions. This protection is available from lift-off to 100 ft RA on approach.
ALPHA FLOOR calls up the following indications:
‐ “A FLOOR” in green (on the FMA) and in amber (on the engine warning display), as long as
α-floor conditions are met
‐ “TOGA LK” in green, when the aircraft leaves the α-floor conditions. TOGA thrust is locked.
To cancel ALPHA FLOOR or TOGA LK thrust, the flight crew must disconnect the autothrust.
SPEED/MACH MODE
In SPEED/MACH mode, the A/THR adjusts the thrust in order to acquire and hold a speed or
Mach target.
The speed or Mach target may be:
‐ Selected on the FCU by the flight crew
‐ Managed by the FMGC.
When in SPEED/MACH mode, the A/THR does not allow speed excursions beyond the following
limits, regardless of the target speed or Mach number:
‐ For a selected speed target, the limits are VLS and VMAX (VMO-MMO, VFE-VLE, whichever
applies)
‐ For a managed speed target, the limits are maneuvering speed (Green Dot, S, F, whichever
applies) and maximum speed (340/0.80-VFE-VLE, whichever applies).
The changeover from SPEED to MACH mode is either automatic, performed by the FMGC, or
manual, with the flight crew pushing the SPD/MACH pb.
The FMA displays “SPEED” or “MACH”.
APPROACH AUTOTHRUST:
Below 3 200 ft RA, with at least CONF 1, the A/THR logic is modified to be more responsive to
speed variation. This is referred to as approach autothrust.
GENERAL
When the aircraft flies an approach in managed speed, the speed target displayed on the PFD in
magenta is variable during the approach.
This managed speed target is computed in the FMGS using the “ground speed mini function”.
TWR WIND
It is the MAG WIND entered in the PERF APPR page. It is the average wind as provided by
the ATIS or the tower. Gusts must not be inserted, they are included in the ground speed mini
computation.
The CURRENT HEADWIND COMPONENT is used to compute the variable speed target during
final (IAS target).
VAPP COMPUTATION
VAPP, automatically displayed on the MCDU PERF APPR page, is computed as follows:
‐ VAPP = VLS+1/3 of the TWR HEADWIND COMPONENT, or
‐ VAPP = VLS +5 kt, whichever is the highest.
"1/3 of the TWR HEADWIND COMPONENT" has two limits:
‐ 0 kt as the minimum value (no wind or tailwind)
‐ +15 kt as the maximum value.
The flight crew can manually modify the VAPP and TWR wind values on the PERF APPR page.
The gust is the instantaneous difference between the CURRENT HEADWIND COMPONENT
and the TWR HEADWIND COMPONENT. It is always positive (or equal to zero for no wind or
tailwind).
The IAS target is displayed on the PFD as a magenta triangle moving with the gust variation.
The IAS targets have 2 limits:
‐ VAPP, as the minimum value
‐ VFE -5 kt in CONF FULL, or VFE of the next configuration in CONF 1, 2 or 3 as the maximum
value.
EXAMPLE
Approach on runway 09, the tower wind direction is on the runway axis.
GENERAL
The Flight Mode Annunciator (FMA) which is just above the PFDs, shows the status of the
A/THR, the AP/FD vertical and lateral modes, the approach capabilities, and the AP/FD-A/THR
engagement status.
A white box is displayed for 10 s around each new annunciation. The white box display time may
be increased to 15 s in some mode reversion cases associated with an aural triple click.
Note: The DH or MDA/MDH value on the FMA is not rounded off: The exact value appears on
the FMA, and is the same value as the one inserted in the MCDU PERF APPR page.
FIRST LINE
DISPLAY COLOR MEANING
TOGA Green A/THR is armed, one thrust lever, at least, is in the TOGA detent.
Green + Blue A/THR is armed, one thrust lever, at least, is in the MCT/FLX detent with
FLX XX FLX TO temp set at XX°. The other thrust lever is at or below the MCT/FLX
detent.
Green A/THR is active (one engine out) and the live thrust lever is in the MCT/FLX
MCT
detent.
CLB Green A/THR is active and one thrust lever at least is in the CL detent.
IDLE Green A/THR is active and commands idle thrust on both engines.
THR Green A/THR is active with undetermined thrust (neither TOGA, MCT, FLX or CLB
thrust)
SPEED or MACH Green A/THR is active in SPEED or MACH mode.
A. FLOOR Green A/THR is active and commands TOGA thrust while α FLOOR conditions are
met.
TOGA LK Green A/THR is active and TOGA thrust is locked (α FLOOR conditions are no
longer met).
SECOND LINE
DISPLAY COLOR MEANING
CLB Amber Request to set the thrust levers in CL detent.
(flashing)
MCT Amber Request to set the live thrust lever in MCT/FLX detent.
(flashing)
THIRD LINE
DISPLAY COLOR MEANING
ASYM Amber Only one thrust lever is set to CL or MCT/FLX detent with A/THR active.
THR LK Amber After A/THR disconnection (action of the flight crew or failure) resulting
(flashing) in thrust being frozen. Both thrust levers being in CL detent or one in
MCT/FLX (engine out) detent.
FIRST LINE
DISPLAY COLOR MEANING
SRS Green Takeoff or go-around mode is engaged.
CLB Green Climb mode is engaged. The FMGS target altitude is higher than the
actual altitude. ALT CSTR are taken into account.
OP CLB Green Open Climb mode is engaged. The FCU selected altitude is higher than
the actual altitude. ALT CSTR are disregarded.
EXP CLB Green Expedite Climb is engaged. The selected altitude is higher than the actual
altitude. Green dot speed is maintained, ALT CSTR are disregarded.
ALT* Green
ALT CAPTURE is engaged:
or
‐ ALT* green in case of FCU selected altitude capture
ALT CST*
‐ ALT CST* green in case of ALT CSTR capture (vertical profile).
ALT Green
ALTITUDE HOLD mode is engaged:
or
‐ ALT is green when the FCU selected altitude is held
ALT CST
‐ ALT CST is green when an ALT CSTR is held (vertical profile).
ALT CRZ Green ALT mode is engaged and CRZ FL is held.
DES Green Descent mode is engaged. The FMGS target altitude is lower than the
actual altitude. ALT CSTR are taken into account.
OP DES Green Open Descent mode is engaged. The FCU selected altitude is lower than
the actual altitude. ALT CSTR are disregarded.
EXP DES Green Expedite Descent is engaged, the selected altitude is lower than the actual
altitude. M 0.80 or 340 kt is maintained. ALT CSTR are disregarded.
G/S* Green Glide Slope capture mode is engaged.
G/S Green Glide Slope mode is engaged.
Continued on the following page
SECOND LINE
DISPLAY COLOR MEANING
CLB Blue Climb mode is armed.
ALT Blue
Altitude mode is armed:
or
‐ Blue when the target altitude is the FCU selected altitude
Magenta
‐ Magenta when the target altitude is an ALT CSTR.
DES Blue Descent mode is armed before the descent phase.
G/S Blue Glide Slope mode is armed.
FINAL Blue Final descent mode is armed.
XXX(1) Blue Indicates a preset speed associated with the climb or cruise phase.
.XX(1) Blue Indicates a preset Mach associated with the climb or cruise phase.
(1) ALT 300 : Cruise speed 300 kt is preset.
ALT .80 : Cruise Mach M 0.80 is preset.
CLB 250 : Climb sepeed 250 kt is preset.
FIRST LINE
DISPLAY COLOR MEANING
RWY Green RWY mode is engaged.
RWY TRK Green RWY mode is engaged once airborne at or above 30 ft RA.
HDG Green HEADING mode is engaged.
TRK Green TRACK mode is engaged.
--- Green NAV mode is engaged to guide the aircraft along the FM lateral F-PLN.
LOC* Green LOC capture mode is engaged.
LOC Green LOC track mode is engaged.
APP NAV Green NAV mode is engaged during a non-ILS approach.
GA TRK Green GO-AROUND TRACK mode is engaged.
SECOND LINE
DISPLAY COLOR MEANING
NAV Blue NAV mode is armed.
LOC Blue LOC mode is armed.
APP NAV Blue NAV mode is armed for a non-ILS approach.
FIRST LINE
DISPLAY COLOR MEANING
CAT 1 Magenta CAT 1 capability available.
CAT 2 Magenta CAT 2 capability available.
CAT 3 Magenta CAT 3 capability available.
SECOND LINE
DISPLAY COLOR MEANING
SINGLE Magenta CAT 3 capability available, with FAIL PASSIVE condition.
DUAL Magenta CAT 3 capability available, with FAIL OPERATIONAL condition.
THIRD LINE
DISPLAY COLOR MEANING
MDA/MDH White Minimum Descent Altitude or Minimum Descent Height as inserted by the
XXXX Blue flight crew on the MCDU PERF APPR page.
DH XXX/NO DH White Decision Height as inserted by the flight crew on the MCDU PERF APPR
Blue page.
NO DH: when NO inserted on the MCDU PERF APPR page.
FIRST LINE
DISPLAY COLOR MEANING
AP1 + 2 White Autopilot 1 and 2 are engaged.
AP1 White Autopilot 1 is engaged.
AP2 White Autopilot 2 is engaged.
SECOND LINE
DISPLAY COLOR MEANING
FD 1 White Flight Director 1 engaged.
FD 2 White Flight Director 2 engaged.
FD 1 White flashing Flight Director 1 reset.
FD 2 White flashing Flight Director 2 reset.
THIRD LINE
DISPLAY COLOR MEANING
A/THR White A/THR is active.
A/THR Blue A/THR is armed.
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
DSC-22_40-10 General
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
GENERAL
The aircraft has two flight augmentation computers (FACs) that perform four main functions:
• Yaw function
‐ Yaw damping and turn coordination
‐ Rudder trim
‐ Rudder travel limitation
• Flight envelope function
‐ PFD speed scale management
▪ Minimum/maximum speed computation
▪ Maneuvering speed computation
‐ Alpha-floor protection
• Low-Energy Warning function
• Windshear detection function
In performing these functions the FAC uses independent channels :
Yaw damper
Rudder trim
Rudder travel limit
Flight envelope
Each FAC interfaces with the elevator aileron computers (ELACs) when the APs are disengaged, or
with the FMGS when at least one AP is engaged.
Both FACs engage automatically at power-up.
The pilot can disengage or reset each FAC (in case of failure) by means of a pushbutton on the flight
control overhead panel.
When a FAC is disengaged (FAC pushbutton set off) but still valid, the flight envelope function of the
FAC remains active.
If both FACs are valid, FAC1 controls the yaw damper, turn coordination, rudder trim, and rudder
travel limit, and FAC2 is in standby.
FAC1 keeps the aircraft within the flight envelope through FD1 ; FAC2 performs this function through
FD2.
If a failure is detected on any channel of FAC1, FAC2 takes over the corresponding channel.
YAW DAMPING
Yaw damping stabilizes the aircraft in yaw and coordinates its turns.
In automatic flight (AP engaged) during takeoff and go around, it assists rudder application after an
engine failure (short-term yaw compensation).
Note: When the AP is engaged, the FMGS sends orders to the FAC to give :
‐ Yaw damping during approach
‐ Yaw control for runway alignment in ROLL OUT mode
RUDDER TRIM
This function limits rudder deflection is based on speed in order to avoid high structural loads. It is
governed by the following law :
If both FACs lose the rudder travel limitation function, the value of the rudder deflection limit is locked
at the time of the second failure.
When the slats are extended, the FACs automatically set the rudder deflection limit at the low-speed
setting (maximum authorized deflection).
GENERAL
As long as one Flight Augmentation Computer (FAC) is valid, it governs the flight envelope function,
the rudder position display, and the rudder trim indication regardless of what the flight crew does with
the FAC pushbutton.
The FAC controls the speed scale on the PFD (Refer to DSC-31-40 Attitude Data).
When both FACs are operative, FAC1 supplies data to PFD1 and FAC2 supplies it to PFD2.
The FAC computes:
‐ The minimum and maximum speeds:
• VSW (stall warning)
• VLS
• VFE and VFE for the next configuration
• VLE
• VMO/MMO
‐ The maneuvering speeds:
• Green Dot Speed
• S speed
• F speed
(Refer to PRO-SUP-10 Characteristic Speeds for speed definition).
The FAC also computes the speed trend and displays it as an arrow on the PFD speed scale.
The PFD displays these various speeds as appropriate, and they also go to the FMGC to be used as
limits for various guidance modes.
Note: The principle of the speed computation is as follows:
‐ First, the FAC computes VS1G (stall speed). From VS1G it computes the Gross Weight
(GW) which is also sent to the Elevator Aileron computers:
• When the aircraft is below 14 500 ft and 250 kt, it computes this from current angle of
attack, speed/Mach, altitude, thrust, and CG.
• When the aircraft is above 14 500 ft or 250 kt, it computes this out of the GW, which it
has memorized and updated with a fuel consumption model set in the FAC.
‐ Finally the FAC computes the various minimum and maneuvering speeds, Vα prot and
Vsw.
‐ The accuracies of the various minimum and maximum speeds are functions of the
accuracy with which the FAC computes aircraft gross weight. Normal accuracy for VLS in
CONFIG FULL is about ± 3 kt.
ALPHA-FLOOR PROTECTION
Alpha-floor protection automatically sets the thrust at TOGA thrust, when the aircraft reaches a very
high angle of attack.
The Flight Augmentation Computer (FAC) generates the signal that triggers the alpha-floor mode.
This, in turn, sets TOGA thrust on the engines, regardless of the thrust lever positions (Refer to
DSC-22_30-90 A/THR Modes - General).
The FAC sends this signal when:
‐ The angle of attack is above a predetermined threshold, that is a function of the configuration.
‐ In CONF 3 and CONF FULL, this threshold decreases as a function of the aircraft deceleration
rate (down to – 3 °).
Alpha-floor is available from lift-off until the aircraft reaches 100 ft RA in approach.
Note: ‐ Alpha-floor is lost, when one of the following combinations of failures occurs:
SFCC1 and FAC2, or
SFCC2 and FAC1, or
Both FCU channels, or
1 EIU, or
Both FMGCs.
‐ Alpha-floor is lost under alternate or direct flight control law.
‐ Alpha-floor is lost in engine-out, when slats/flaps are extended.
An aural low-energy “SPEED SPEED SPEED” warning, repeated every 5 s, warns the pilot that the
aircraft’s energy level is going below a threshold under which he has to increase thrust, in order to
regain a positive flight path angle through pitch control.
It is available in Configuration 2, 3, and FULL. The FAC computes the energy level with the following
inputs:
‐ Aircraft configuration
‐ Horizontal deceleration rate
‐ Flight path angle.
The warning is inhibited when:
‐ TOGA is selected, or
‐ Below 100 ft RA, or
‐ Above 2 000 ft RA, or
‐ Alpha-floor, or the ground proximity warning system alert is triggered, or
The windshear detection function is provided by the Flight Augmentation Computer (FAC) in takeoff
and approach phase in the following conditions:
‐ At takeoff, 3 s after liftoff, up to 1 300 ft RA
‐ At landing, from 1 300 ft RA to 50 ft RA
‐ With at least CONF 1 selected.
The warning consists of:
‐ A visual “WINDSHEAR” red message displayed on both PFDs for a minimum of 15 s.
‐ An aural synthetic voice announcing “WINDSHEAR” three times.
The FACs generate the windshear warning whenever the predicted energy level for the aircraft falls
below a predetermined threshold.
In computing this energy level prediction, the FACs use data from different sources. From ADIRS
comes data such as vertical speed, air and ground speeds and slope ; from other sources come such
derived parameters as total slope, longitudinal wind gradient, and vertical wind.
The FACs express this energy level as an angle of attack and compare it with an angle-of-attack
threshold above which windshear conditions are most likely and pilot action is required.
GUIDANCE
In windshear conditions, flight guidance acts on specially adapted FD pitch orders received from the
speed reference system (SRS). The pilot must set go around thrust immediately (which also triggers
the FD SRS mode), and follow the pitch order to execute the optimum escape maneuver.
FAC ENGAGEMENT
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
Flight Plan Initialization Function.............................................................................................................................B
Takeoff Data Function............................................................................................................................................. C
Wind Data Function.................................................................................................................................................D
Flight Reports...........................................................................................................................................................E
GENERAL
The FMS AOC function gives an interface between a ground station and one onboard FMGC,
allowing data transmission between these two computers via the ACARS Management Unit or the
ATSU.
Two different sets of message can be exchanged:
UPLINK messages from the ground station. They consist in reception of data requested or directly
sent to the crew.
DOWNLINK messages from the FMGC (master). They consist in reports or requests sent to the
ground station.
The FMGS/ACARS or FMGS/ATSU interface enables the following AOC capabilities.
‐ F-PLN initialization (flight plan and performance data)
‐ Takeoff data
‐ Wind data
‐ Flight reports
‐ Broadcast data
Crews can send message using ACARS FUNCTION pages or relevant MCDU pages.
Only one FMGC talks to the ground station. This FMGC is called FMGC “master”.
GENERAL SCRATCHPAD MESSAGES
NOT XMITTED TO ACARS: A crew request or report was sent to the ground but the
communication was not established or not acknowledged.
NO ANSWER TO : A crew request was previously sent to the ground and no answer
REQUEST (uplink message) was received within 4 min.
This function enables lateral and vertical flight plan data as well as initialization data to be exchanged
between the aircraft and a ground station. The aircraft may send flight plan requests for active and
secondary flight plan. (downlink messages). The ground station may send flight plan and initialization
data (uplink messages) either under aircraft request or automatically without any request.
Each uplink message concerns either the active or secondary flight plan but never both flight plans at
the same time. The data sent to the aircraft are checked for flight plan consistency.
A MCDU message comes up when an uplink message is received. “ACT (or SEC) RTE UPLINK”.
If an error prevents the decoding process of the message, “INVALID RTE UPLINK” is displayed on
MCDUs.
An uplink message can be routed to the active flight plan if no engine is started and no active flight
plan exists. Otherwise, it is routed to the secondary. The crew will insert it into the secondary flight
plan or will reject it using the CLR key.
Note: The flight plan may also be initialized using the ACARS FUNCTION page selected from
DATA INDEX page.
PERFORMANCE DATA
On ground and before engine start, the ground station may also send performance data to the
aircraft.
Performance data are always associated with the uplink flight plan. It is either automatically
inserted with the active flight plan data, or stored in the secondary with the corresponding flight
plan.
This message contains part or all of the following data:
ZFW, ZFWCG, taxi fuel, block fuel, cruise flight level, tropopause altitude, cruise temperature,
transition altitude, cost index, performance factor.
Note: After engine start an uplink performance data message is rejected automatically without
any scratchpad message.
SCRATCHPAD MESSAGES RELATED TO FLIGHT PLAN AND PERFORMANCE
INVALID RTE UPLINK An error is detected, the uplink message is rejected.
ACT or SEC RTE UPLINK A F-PLN is stored in the active or secondary flight plan.
FLT NUMBER UPLINK FLT NBR has been initialized within a F-PLN message without
previous request.
CHECK FLT NUMBER The uplinked FLT NBR differs from the one specified in the request.
CHECK CO RTE The uplinked CO RTE ident differs from the one specified in the
request.
INVALID FLT NBR UPLINK The uplink contains a valid F-PLN but the FLT NBR is invalid.
PERF DATA UPLINK Performance data is received
INVALID PERF UPLINK Performance uplink message has been rejected
RTE DATALINK IN PROG A flight plan modification is performed after a F-PLN INIT request has
been sent; this message is displayed until the uplink is received.
UPLINK INSERT IN PROG This message is displayed during insertion of a Flight Plan.
The takeoff data function is available for the active flight plan only. It is used to request to the ground
station, information data for up to 2 runways and to receive this data for up to 4 runways.
The crew sends a request indicating the departure airport, runway idents, CG, GW and weather
conditions (such as BARO setting wind, temperature...). In response he receives the takeoff speeds
for up to 4 runways but only one set of data may be inserted in the active flight plan for the selected
active runway.
Takeoff speeds are computed for max and flex takeoff.
The takeoff data function has required the modification of the standard PERF TAKEOFF page and
the addition of 2 news pages:
• UPLINK TO DAT REQ page that enables the crew to specify a request to the ground.
• UPLINK XXX TO DATA page (XXX for MAX or FLEX)
These 2 pages are accessed from the PERF TAKEOFF page in PREFLIGHT and DONE phase only.
This function enables the crew to request and to receive forecasted winds associated to the active or
secondary flight plan.
The uplink message (ground station to aircraft) may be received upon crew request or automatically
without crew request.
The request is initiated from WIND pages or from ACARS FUNCTION page (Refer to DSC-22_20-70
Wind Data - Request for Wind Data).
The uplink wind data when received are directly displayed on the wind pages but not inserted in the
flight plan, one set for each flight phase: CLIMB, CRUISE, DESCENT. The alternate wind at alternate
cruise flight level is displayed on DESCENT page.
‐ Winds are associated to altitude for climb an descent phases
‐ Winds are associated to waypoint for cruise phase and step level. One wind per waypoint.
• On ground and without entered winds, an uplink message is directly inserted in the flight plan.
• In flight, winds are temporary stored until the crew inserts it phase per phase.
Phase of flight is indicated in the WIND title page.
• Clearing the INSERT UPLINK* prompt using the CLR key deletes the uplink wind data for the
selected phase.
When uplink winds are deleted, the wind page reverts to the previous status.
The flight plan B page is modified of the uplink wind only after it is inserted by the crew. AOC uplink
winds are then considered as crew manual entries (large font).
SCRATCHPAD MESSAGES RELATED TO WIND DATA
INVALID WIND UPLINK An error is detected, the uplink is rejected.
WIND DATA UPLINK Uplinked winds are received.
WIND UPLINK PENDING A temporary flight plan exists or a DIR TO page is displayed when a
wind uplink is received. The message is stored.
WIND UPLINK EXISTS A F-PLN modification (active or secondary) is attempted when uplink
winds are not inserted. This message disappears automatically when
the wind uplink is inserted or deleted.
CHECK DEST DATA The aircraft is at 180 nm from destination, and the destination QNH,
TEMP or WIND displayed on the PERF APPR page was received by
AOC uplink or, if following insertion of a descent wind uplink, a conflict
concerning the above parameters exists.
CHECK ALTN WIND The uplinked alternate cruise flight level differs from the default
alternate cruise flight level.
FLIGHT REPORTS
Flight reports provide real time information to the ground concerning the aircraft current situation and
position.
Several types of flight reports are available:
‐ The Position report : provides current aircraft position
‐ the Progress report : provides data relative to the destination
Note: Position report are initiated from active flight plan only.
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
Print Function...........................................................................................................................................................A
AOC/Printer Programming Options ................................................................................................................ B
PRINT FUNCTION
The print function enables several types of data and report to be printed :
• Flight plan initialization data
• Takeoff data
• Wind data
• Preflight report
• In flight report
• Post flight report
The 3 first reports may differ when automatically or manually printed for the following reason :
The automatic process prints the uplink message although the manual process prints the current
active data as displayed on the relevant MCDU pages.
The last 3 reports being processed from the same sources are identical in automatic or manual
printing.
Note: ACARS is not necessary linked to printing process. The printing function may be activated
within the FMGS and selected independently from the ACARS.
‐ One or several print functions may be deactivated Refer to DSC-22_20-50-10-25 Print Function
Pages.
‐ If an ACARS function is not active, (not selected in the nav database policy file) the printing
process is invalidated for this specific ACARS function.
Option programming for the AOC/PRINTER functions is obtained through the Navigation Data Base
policy file or the Airline Modifiable Information (AMI) file.
The list summarizes the possible options:
Data Link (ACARS or AOC) Inhibit Disables AOC function
F-PLN Data Request Inhibit Disables uplink and downlink requests of F-PLN
initialization data
Performance Data Request Inhibit Disables uplink and downlink requests of Performance
Initialization data
Takeoff Data Request Inhibit Disables uplink and downlink request of Takeoff
Initialization data
Wind Data Request Inhibit Disables uplink and downlink request of predicted wind
data
Flight Number Enable Flight Number is included within the F-PLN Request or
Progress Report downlinks
Position Report Inhibit Disables a manual Position Report downlink
Progress Report Triggers Defines the triggers for the automatic downlink of the
Progress Report
F-PLN Report Inhibit Disables the manual downlink of the F-PLN Report
Auto Print of ACARS or AOC uplinks Selects/Deselects the automatic printing of the F-PLN,
INIT, TO and wind data uplinks.
If Autoprint is selected, the crew can deselect it
manually.
If auto printing is deselected, the crew cannot manually
reselect it.
Auto Print of Flight Reports Selects/Deselects the automatic printing of the
Preflight, Inflight, Postflight reports.
If selected, the crew can deselect it manually.
If autoprint is deselected, the crew cannot manually
preselected it.
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
COMMUNICATIONS
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AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
COMMUNICATIONS
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
DSC-23-10-20 VHF/HF/SELCAL
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
VHF.......................................................................................................................................................................... B
HF............................................................................................................................................................................ C
SELCAL (Selective calling)..................................................................................................................................... D
DSC-23-20-20 Controls
Audio Control Panel.................................................................................................................................................A
SIDE STICK RADIO SELECTOR............................................................................................................................B
LOUDSPEAKER VOLUME KNOB.......................................................................................................................... C
AUDIO SWITCHING................................................................................................................................................D
DSC-23-40 ACARS
DSC-23-40-40 ACARS Functions
World Map ACARS Frequencies.............................................................................................................................A
DSC-23-46 SATCOM
DSC-23-46-10 General
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
GENERAL
GENERAL
Either of the two Radio Management Panels (RMPs) (third RMP ) can be used to tune each
transceiver.
To transmit, the flight crew uses the Audio Control Panel (ACP) to select a VHF or HF system. The
ACP works through the Audio Management Unit (AMU). Each system is connected to the RMPs, for
frequency selection, and to the AMU for connection to the audio integrating and SELCAL (selective
calling) systems.
VHF
Two identical VHF communication systems (third VHF system ) are installed.
Each system has a transceiver in the avionics compartment, and an antenna on the fuselage. Only
VHF1 functions in EMER ELEC CONFIG. Its range is from 118.0 to 136.975 MHz.
VHF has an alarm which indicates if the microphone is stuck. If a microphone is in the emission
position for more than 30 s, an interrupted tone sounds for 5 s, and the emission is turned off. To
reactivate the emission, the crew releases the push-to-talk button and presses it again.
HF
Two HF Radios are installed. They are used for long-distance voice transmissions. HF 1 is also
used for data communications. Each system has a transceiver in the avionics compartment, and a
common tuner and antenna in the vertical stabilizer. Its range is from 2.8 to 24.0 MHz. When in data
mode, digital information is transmitted between HF 1 and ATSU.
HF transmission is inhibited on ground. A GND HF DATALINK pushbutton, located on the overhead
panel, may override the inhibition. HF must not be used during refueling.
Upon receiving a call code corresponding to that of the aircraft, the SELCAL system aurally and
visually advises the flight crew that a ground station is calling the aircraft.
The aural warning is inhibited during takeoff and landing.
DESCRIPTION
If one RMP fails, the remaining one controls all the VHF (HF ) transceivers.
The outer knob controls whole numbers; the inner knob controls decimal fractions.
(5) AM pb-sw
If the aircraft has HF radios and the flight crew has selected an HF tranceiver, this switch
selects the AM mode. (The default mode is the SSB, or single side-band, mode).
This key displays a green monitor light when the AM mode is active.
(6) SEL indicator
The SEL indicator on both RMPs comes on amber when a transceiver normally associated with
one RMP is tuned by another:
• VHF 1 tuned by RMP 2 or RMP 3,
• VHF 2 tuned by RMP 1 or RMP 3.
• VHF 3, HF 1, HF 2 ( ) tuned by RMP 1 or RMP 2.
(7) NAV pb sw (with transparent switchguard)
The pilot presses this key to be able to select navigation receivers and courses through the
RMP. It does not affect the selection of communication radios and their frequencies. (Refer to
DSC-34-30-30 Radio Management Panel (RMP), for additional information).
(8) Radio navigation selection keys
The pilot presses one of these keys to select a navigation radio to control through this RMP.
This turns on the green monitor light in the key.
Refer to DSC-34-30-30 Radio Management Panel (RMP), for additional information.
(9) ON/OFF sw
This switch controls the power supply to the RMP.
Note: RMP 3 is able to control VHF and HF transceivers through RMP 1 and RMP 2 even
when they are OFF.
(10) LOAD FUNCTION
When the ATC sends (CONTACT or MONITOR) CPDLC messages to the flight crew, a white
light above the LOAD key comes on to indicate that the sent frequency is available to be
loaded.
Press on this LOAD key before closing the CONTACT/MONITOR messages to load this VHF
frequency to the STBY/CRS window.
Note: A "DEACT" label is visible above the key if the LOAD function is not installed.
When a frequency from the ATC services (sent via datalink) has been received, the
ATSU validates the frequency and simultaneously sends the information to all the
RMP in order to activate the LOAD function.
When the LOAD function is activated, the flight crew can repeatedly load the
frequency on each RMP as often as necessary; except if DATA is present on standby
window.
GENERAL
The Cabin Intercommunication Data System (CIDS) transmits, controls, and processes signals for
the following cabin systems :
‐ Cabin and service interphone
‐ Passenger address
‐ Passenger lighted signs
‐ Reading lights (LED technology)
‐ General cabin illumination
‐ Emergency evacuation signalling
This selector has the same function as the INT/RAD switch on the ACP.
This knob adjusts the volume of the loudspeaker for radio communication.
OFF : Loudspeaker does not respond to signals from the aircraft's radio
equipment.
Clockwise rotation : Loudspeaker broadcasts signals from the aircraft's radio equipment at
increasing volume.
Note: This knob does not control the loudness of aural alert and voice messages.
AUDIO SWITCHING
The crew can switch to the third ACP if ACP1 or ACP2 fails.
When the crew does this, it takes away the third occupant's access to the acoustic equipment.
AUDIO 3 XFRD appears in green on the ECAM MEMO display.
NORM : Each crew member uses his dedicated communication equipment.
CAPT 3: The pilot uses his acoustic equipment and the third occupant's ACP.
F/O 3 : The copilot uses his acoustic equipment and the third occupant's ACP.
This system allows the flight crew members to communicate among themselves and, through a jack
on the external power panel, with the ground mechanic.
EXTERNAL POWER PANEL (FORWARD OF THE NOSE L/G BAY)
The system allows the flight crew to communicate with the flight attendants, and the flight attendants
to communicate among themselves.
GENERAL
The system allows the flight crew and ground mechanics to communicate with each other.
MECH pb
Pressed (and held) : COCKPIT CALL lights up blue on the external power panel in the nose
L/G bay.
An external horn sounds.
Released : COCKPIT CALL remains lighted.
The ground mechanic can extinguish it by pressing the RESET button
on the external power panel. The external horn stops sounding.
GENERAL
The cabin call system is for communication between the cockpit and the cabin.
When pressed, the following aural and visual alerts will trigger in the cabin:
‐ Two lights come on in pink on the related area of the CALLS panel, as applicable.
‐ On the Attendant Indication Panel (AIP), the “CAPTAIN CALL” message appears and a light
comes on in green.
‐ A high-low chime sounds in the related section of the cabin, as applicable.
ALL pb
When pressed, the following aural and visual alerts will trigger in the cabin:
‐ Two pink lights flash on all area call panels.
‐ The “EMERGENCY CALL” message appears on all AIPs.
‐ A high-low chime sounds three times, on all of the loudspeakers.
Also, on the cockpit CALLS panel, the ON light flashes in white and the CALL light flashes in
amber.
The following aural and visual alerts will trigger in the cockpit, when an emergency call is made
from the cabin to the cockpit:
‐ On the EMER pb-sw: The ON light flashes in white, and the CALL light flashes in amber.
‐ The ATT lights will flash on all Audio Control Panels (ACPs).
‐ Three buzzers will sound consecutively (for approx. three seconds each).
The cabin call system will reset, when the cabin crewmember hangs up the handset.
TT light
When the TT pb on the FWD or AFT Attendant Panel is pressed, the TT light on the cockpit
CALLS panel comes ON and a buzzer sounds three times in the cockpit.
ATTND ADV pb
When pressed, in the case of an imminent takeoff or landing, the ON light comes on in blue, in
addition to a green light on the area call panel in the cabin.
PASSENGER ADDRESS
The passenger address allows all crew members to make announcements to passengers in the
cabin through loudspeakers. It can be operated from the cockpit (with ACP or handset) or from the
cabin (attendant stations).
CONTROLS AND INDICATORS
Note: Due to numerous customizations of the handset and keypad, their functions are not
described in detail.
PA FROM COCKPIT
PA TRANSMISSION PA RECEPTION PUSH TO TALK PUSH TO TALK
KEY ON ACP KNOB ON ACP ON HANDMIKE ON HANDSET
BOOMSET
OR
PRESSED OUT
OXYGEN
MASK
HANDMIKE PRESSED OUT PRESSED
HANDSET PRESSED
EMER EVAC
PURSER STATION
DESCRIPTION
The table below defines the world zone abbreviations, indicates their associated Service Provider,
MCDU label, and ACARS frequency.
ABBREVIATION SERVICE PROVIDER MCDU LABEL FREQUENCY Family
SP SITA PACIFIC SIT-PAC 131.550 MHz SITA
SITA NORTH
SN SIT-NAM 136.850 MHz SITA
AMERICA
SL SITA LATIN AMERICA SIT-LAM 131.725 MHz SITA
SE SITA EUROPE SIT-E/A 131.725 MHz SITA
DE DEPV BRAZIL DEPV 131.550 MHz SITA
AV AVICOM AVICOM 131.450 MHz SITA
AM ARINC AMERICA ARI-AM 131.550 MHz ARINC
AE ARINC EUROPE ARI-EUR 136.925 MHz ARINC
AF ARINC AFRICA ARI-AFR 126.900 MHz ARINC
AK ARINC KOREA ARI-KOR 131.725 MHz ARINC
AS ARINC ASIA ARI-ASI 131.450 MHz ARINC
GENERAL
The Satellite Communication (SATCOM) system allows the exchange of information between the
aircraft and a ground network.
It provides both voice and data channels:
‐ One or several channels are used for voice transmissions (cockpit or cabin voice). The cockpit
voice function must be activated, in order to be available. The cabin telephone system must be
installed, to be able to use cabin voice function.
‐ One channel is used for data transmissions (ATSU or ACARS).
The ATSU or ACARS normally transmit via VHF3. They automatically switch to SATCOM when
VHF3 is not available.
The cockpit voice interface is controlled by the Audio Control Panels (ACPs) for call set-up and call
termination, and by the MCDU for the call number selection. It allows the crew:
‐ To initiate air to ground calls and to receive ground to air calls
‐ To select the call priority, in case of air to ground calls
‐ To use manual dial or pre-recorded phone numbers.
If a SATCOM telephone handset is installed in the cockpit, the crew can set up a call without the use
of the MCDU.
SATCOM functions are programmed through the Owner Requirement Table (ORT), according to
airline needs.
Due to the highly customized programming, the SATCOM functions may vary for different airlines
and are, therefore, not described in detail.
ACP INTERFACE
MCDU INTERFACE
1L : EMERGENCY for Priority 1 - Reserved for emergency and distress phone numbers only.
2L : SAFETY for Priority 2 - Reserved for regulatory and flight safety phone numbers only.
3L : NON-SAFETY for Priority 3 - Reserved for non flight safety phone numbers.
4L : PUBLIC for Priority 4 - Reserved for personal phone numbers.
6L : This key is used to return to the SATCOM MAIN MENU page.
1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L: These fields display the phone numbers and their titles.
When pressed, they dial the corresponding phone number.
There are two types of numbers:
‐ Protected : Displayed in green
‐ Unprotected : Displayed in blue brackets.
2L (data : This field displays the phone number in blue brackets, after having been entered
line) in the scratchpad.
4L : If two channels are available, this field displays the selected SATCOM channel.
If only one channel is available, this field is blank.
5L : This field displays the priority for the manual dial number. The priority can be
changed by pressing the slew up or down keys on the MCDU keyboard.
6L : This key is used to return to the SATCOM MAIN MENU page.
FLT
E/WD: FAILURE TITLE AURAL MASTER SD PAGE LOCAL
PHASE
conditions WARNING LIGHT CALLED WARNING
INHIB
CIDS 1 + 2 FAULT
VHF 1(2)(3) EMITTING SINGLE MASTER
HF 1(2) EMITTING CHIME CAUTION
Transmitter emitting more than 60 s
SATCOM FAULT 3, 4,
NIL NIL
5, 7, 8
ACARS FAULT
HF 1(2) DATA FAULT NIL NIL
VHF 3 DATA FAULT
SATCOM DATA FAULT
MEMO DISPLAY
This display shows “AUDIO 3 XFRD” in green, if the AUDIO SWITCHING selector is not on
NORM.
ACARS , the display shows:
‐ "ACARS CALL" in green, pulsing, if ACARS has received a message from the ground
requesting a voice communication.
‐ "VHF 3: VOICE" in green, if VHF 3 is operating in voice mode and ACARS communication is
interrupted.
‐ "ACARS MSG" in green, pulsing, if ACARS has received a message from the ground
‐ ACARS STBY in green, if ACARS communications between the aircraft and the ground are lost.
SATCOM , the display shows "SATCOM ALERT" in green, when a message with a priority
level below 4 is received from the ground.
HF and ATSU , the display shows “HF VOICE”, pulsing in green for 10 s and then steady,
when all the HF radios are in voice mode.
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
ELECTRICAL
Intentionally left blank
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
ELECTRICAL
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
DSC-24-10 Description
DSC-24-10-10 General
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
DSC-24-10-30 Operations
DSC-24-10-30-10 General
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
GENERAL
AC GENERATORS
When the aircraft speed is below 50 kt, the inverter is activated, if nothing but the batteries are
supplying electrical power to the aircraft, and the BAT 1 and BAT 2 pushbuttons are both on at
auto.
DC GENERATION
General
GENERAL
GEN 1 and 2 when operating have priority over the APU generator and over external power.
External power has priority over the APU generator when the EXT PWR pb switch is ON.
The APU generator or external power can supply the entire network.
One engine generator can supply the entire network.
The generators cannot be connected in parallel.
NORMAL CONFIGURATION
IN FLIGHT
Each engine-driven generator supplies its associated AC BUS (1 and 2) via its generator line
contactor (GLC 1 and GLC 2).
AC BUS 1 normally supplies the AC ESS BUS via a contactor.
TR 1 normally supplies DC BUS 1, DC BAT BUS, and DC ESS BUS.
TR 2 normally supplies DC BUS 2.
The two batteries are connected to the DC BAT BUS, if they need charging. When they are fully
charged, the battery charge limiter disconnects them.
ON GROUND
Either the APU generator, or external power, may supply the complete system.
On ground, when only ground services are required, external power can supply the AC and DC
GND/FLT BUSES directly without supplying the entire aircraft network.
Personnel select this configuration with the MAINT BUS switch in the forward entrance area.
Abnormal Configurations
FAILURE OF AC BUS 1
‐ AC BUS 2 automatically supplies AC ESS BUS, and DC ESS BUS via the ESS TR
‐ DC BUS 2 supplies DC BUS 1 and DC BAT BUS automatically after 5 s.
FAILURE OF ONE TR
FAILURE OF TR 1 AND TR 2
If TR 1 and TR 2 are lost, DC BUS 1, DC BUS 2, and DC BAT BUS are lost. The DC ESS BUS is
supplied by the ESS TR.
If both AC BUS 1 and AC BUS 2 are lost and the aircraft speed is above 100 kt, the Ram Air Turbine
(RAT) extends automatically. This powers the blue hydraulic system, which drives the emergency
generator by means of a hydraulic motor. This generator supplies the AC ESS BUS, and the DC ESS
BUS via the ESS TR.
If the RAT stalls, or if the aircraft is on the ground with a speed below 100 kt, the emergency
generator has nothing to drive it. The emergency generation network automatically transfers to the
batteries and static inverter, and the system automatically sheds the AC SHED ESS and DC SHED
ESS buses.
When the aircraft is on ground :
‐ Below 100 kt, DC BAT BUS is automatically connected to the batteries.
‐ Below 50 kt, AC ESS BUS is automatically shed, leading to the loss of all display units.
Note: During RAT extension and emergency generator coupling (about 8 s), the batteries power
the emergency generation network.
SMOKE CONFIGURATION
In this configuration the main busbars are shed. The electrical distribution is the same as it is in
the emergency electrical configuration (loss of main generators), except the fact that in smoke
configuration the fuel pumps are connected upstream of the GEN 1 line connector.
The procedure sheds approximately 75 % of electrical equipment. All equipment that remains
powered is supplied via the circuit breakers on the overhead panel (except for equipment that
supplied by hot buses).
Note: ECAM ELEC page is identical to that for emergency generator running.
Distribution Table
DISTRIBUTION TABLE
AC AC AC
AC AC TR1 TR2 ESS DC DC DC DC DC HOT HOT
BUS BUS ESS
SHED STAT TR BUS BUS BAT ESS SHED BUS BUS
1 2 BUS
ESS INV 1 2 BUS BUS ESS 1 2
NORM CONF GEN GEN GEN
GEN - GEN GEN - TR1 TR2 TR1 TR1 TR1 BAT BAT
1 2 1 1 1 2 GEN GEN GEN GEN GEN 1 2
1 2 1 1 1
ONE GEN INOP GEN GEN GEN GEN - GEN GEN - TR1 TR2 TR1 TR1 TR1 BAT BAT
AVAIL-X- (1, 2 X X X X X X GEN GEN GEN GEN GEN 1 2
X X X X X
or APU )
EMER CONF - - ST - ST - - - - - - BAT - BAT BAT
• BEFORE INV INV 2 1 2
BAT BAT
EMER GEN 1 1
AVAILABILITY
(about 8 s)
• EMER GEN - - EMER EMER - - - EMER - - - ESS ESS BAT BAT
RUNNING GEN GEN GEN TR TR 1 2
EMER EMER
GEN GEN
TR1 FAULT GEN GEN GEN GEN - - GEN GEN TR2 TR2 TR2 ESS ESS BAT BAT
1 2 1 1 2 1 GEN GEN GEN TR TR 1 2
2 2 2 GEN GEN
1 1
TR2 FAULT GEN GEN GEN GEN - GEN - GEN TR1 TR1 TR1 ESS ESS BAT BAT
1 2 1 1 1 1 GEN GEN GEN TR TR 1 2
1 1 1 GEN GEN
1 1
TR1 + 2 FAULT GEN GEN GEN GEN - - - GEN - - - ESS ESS BAT BAT
1 2 1 1 1 TR TR 1 2
-GEN -GEN
1 1
OVERHEAD PANEL
Auto : The battery charge limiter controls automatically the connection and the
disconnection of the corresponding battery to the DC BAT BUS (3 PP) by
closing and opening of the battery line contactor.
‐ The batteries are connected to the DC BAT BUS in the following cases:
• APU starting (MASTER SW pb-sw at ON and N < 95 %).
Note: The connection is limited to 3 min when the emergency
generator is running.
• Battery voltage below 26.5 V (battery charge). The charging cycle ends
when battery charge current goes below 4 A.
▪ On ground, immediately
▪ In flight, after a time delay of 30 min.
• Loss of AC BUS 1 and 2 when below 100 kt (EMER GEN not
supplying).
‐ If AC BUS 1 and 2 are not energized and the EMER GEN is not supplying:
• Battery 1 supplies the AC STAT INV BUS, and, if speed is greater than
50 kt, the AC ESS BUS.
• Battery 2 supplies the DC ESS BUS.
Note: In normal configuration the batteries are disconnected most of
the time.
Note: A battery automatic cut-off logic prevents the batteries from
discharging completely when the aircraft is on the ground
(parking).
Automatic battery contactors open when:
‐ The aircraft is on the ground
‐ The BAT pb switches are at AUTO
‐ The main power supply (EXT PWR + GEN) is cut off
‐ Battery voltage is low.
The flight crew can reset the contactors by switching the BAT
pb-sw to OFF then to AUTO.
OFF : The battery charge limiter is not operating: the battery line contactor is open.
OFF comes on white if the DC BAT BUS is supplied. Hot buses remain
supplied.
FAULT light : Comes on amber, accompanied by an ECAM caution, when the charging
current for the corresponding battery is outside limits.
In this case the battery contactor opens.
OFF : The main galley, secondary galley, in-seat power supply and IFE
system are not supplied.
The electrical supply of the heating floor panels is shed.
FAULT light : The amber light, and ECAM caution come on, when the load on any
generator is more than 100 % of rated output.
FORWARD CABIN
This switch allows personnel to energize electrical circuits for ground servicing without energizing
the entire aircraft electrical system.
ON : The switch latches magnetically if external power is connected and normal (AVAIL light
on).
The AC and DC GND/FLT buses have power and the following loads can be energized:
‐ passenger compartment lighting
‐ galley lighting
‐ entrance area lights
‐ lavatory lighting and service
‐ vacuum cleaner sockets
‐ flight compartment service outlets
‐ hydraulic pump (yellow system)
‐ flight compartment flood lighting
‐ fuel quantity indications
‐ refueling
‐ cargo hold lighting
‐ main and nose landing gear compartment lighting
‐ belly fairing panel service outlets
‐ ground call
‐ equipment compartment lights and service outlets
‐ navigation lights.
The switch trips when the external source is removed.
OFF : The AC and DC GND/FLT buses are connected to AC BUS 2 and DC BUS 2.
(A)
Legend is normally white, but becomes amber:
‐ when voltage and current indications change to amber, or
‐ in case of a BAT FAULT warning.
(B) Battery voltage is normally green, but becomes amber if V > 31 V or V < 25 V.
(C) Battery current is normally green, but becomes amber if discharge current > 5 A.
(A) Normally white, this legend becomes amber when legends B and C do.
(B) The TR voltage is normally in green. It becomes amber, if V > 31 V, or V < 25 V.
(C) The TR current is normally in green. It becomes amber, when the TR current ≤ 5 A.
(A) This legend is normally in white. It becomes amber when either the voltage or frequency
legend becomes amber.
(B)
This legend is normally in green. It becomes amber, if:
‐ V > 120 V or
‐ V < 110 V.
(C)
This legend is normally in green. It becomes amber, if:
‐ F > 410 Hz or
‐ F < 390 Hz .
Voltage and frequency indications are not displayed, when the EMER GEN line contactor
is open.
(8) GEN 1/2 indications
‐ GEN pb-sw is OFF:
GEN is amber.
OFF indication is white
1 or 2 indication is white if the associated engine is running, amber if it is not.
(A) GEN 1 or GEN 2, normally white, becomes amber if any of the following legends
become amber.
(B) The load legend, normally green, becomes amber if load > 100 %.
(C) The voltage legend, normally green, becomes amber if V > 120 V or V < 110 V.
(D) The frequency legend, normally green, becomes amber if F > 410 Hz or F < 390 Hz.
‐ When the APU MASTER sw is ON, and the APU GEN pb-sw is OFF:
The APU GEN legend is amber.
The OFF legend is white.
‐ When the APU MASTER sw is ON and the APU GEN pb-sw is ON:
The indications are the same as for GEN 1 (2).
(A) This legend is normally white, but becomes amber, if either of the following legends
turns amber.
(B) This legend is normally green, but becomes amber, if V > 120 V or if V < 110 V.
(C) This legend is normally green, but becomes amber, if F > 410 Hz or if F < 390 Hz.
‐ This legend appears during the static inverter test, and when pressing the ELEC pb on the
ECAM control panel while ESS BUSES are supplied by the batteries. It is normally green,
but becomes amber, if:
V < 110 V or V> 120 V.
F < 390 Hz or F > 410 Hz.
(11) IDG indications
MEMO DISPLAY
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
EQUIPMENT
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AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
EQUIPMENT
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
DSC-25-10-30 Seats
PILOT SEATS..........................................................................................................................................................A
PILOT SEAT MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT.......................................................................................................... B
PILOT SEAT ELECTRICAL ADJUSTMENT (IF INSTALLED)................................................................................C
HEADREST ADJUSTMENT (IF INSTALLED)........................................................................................................ D
ARMREST ADJUSTMENT...................................................................................................................................... E
OBSERVER SEAT...................................................................................................................................................F
OBSERVER SEAT ADJUSTMENT.........................................................................................................................G
ARM REST.............................................................................................................................................................. H
DSC-25-10-60 Pedestal
Pedestal................................................................................................................................................................... A
DSC-25-40 Windows
DSC-25-40-10 Cockpit
DSC-25-40-10-10 Description
Description............................................................................................................................................................... A
GENERAL
The aircraft and system controls, required for piloting the aircraft, are arranged in such a way that the
crew faces forward and all crewmembers can monitor instruments and systems.
The designers concentrated system controls on the overhead panel by making extensive use of
pushbuttons, directly installed in the system synoptic.
Note: This section of the FCOM is designed to provide Operators with a general overview of the
most common cockpit system configurations and cockpit panel layouts. Due to the large
number of possible configurations and layouts, there may be a slight difference between
these illustrations and the exact aircraft configuration.
For the applicable panel that corresponds to your aircraft configuration, refer to the panel
layout illustrations provided in the related FCOM chapter.
Whenever possible, pushbuttons used for corrective actions, have integrated status and failure
indications.
The pushbutton positions, and their illuminated indications, follow the "lights out” principle.
‐ While corresponding to particular aircraft configurations, indications also have the following color
codes :
• Warnings
RED : A failure requiring immediate action.
• Cautions
AMBER : A failure, of which the flight crew should be aware, but does not call for immediate
action.
• Indications
GREEN : For normal system operation.
BLUE : For normal operation of a system used temporarily
WHITE : ‐ For an abnormal pushbutton position.
‐ For a test result or maintenance information.
When the aircraft is in a normal configuration, only green lights can be permanently lit, whereas
blue lights can be intermittently.
‐ Pushbutton positions :
POSITION BASIC FUNCTION
Pressed In ON, AUTO, OVRD, OPEN
Released Out OFF, MAN, ALTN, SHUT
Note: 1. Certain pushbutton lights have two dots, indicating that the corresponding part of the
pushbutton is not used.
2. Certain pushbuttons do not remain pressed in. These are referred to as “Momentary
Action” pushbuttons.
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
GENERAL
The cockpit can accommodate two crewmembers, plus a third and fourth occupant.
The two pilot seats are mounted on columns.
The third and fourth occupant seats are folding seats.
PILOT SEATS
To adjust a seat mechanically, the occupant must lift the appropriate control handle. This unlocks the
seat so that it may be moved. Releasing the control handle returns it to springloaded locked position.
On electrically-powered seats , the mechanical adjustment is a backup : The seat should be
adjusted electrically.
To adjust a seat electrically, the occupant must press the appropriate control switch in the desired
direction, and release it when the seat reaches the desired position. The switch then returns to the
springloaded neutral position.
To adjust the vertical position of the lumbar cushion, the occupant must :
‐ Pull the control out to the unlocked position,
‐ Turn the control to adjust the position of the cushion, and
‐ Push the control into the locked position.
To adjust the headrest in inclination, the occupant presses the inclination control button, and
releases it to lock the position.
To control the height of the headrest, the occupant must push it horizontally, adjust the height, and
release it to lock the position.
ARMREST ADJUSTMENT
To adjust the inboard armrest, the occupant must turn the knurled knob, located on the bottom
surface of the armrest.
OBSERVER SEAT
ARM REST
GENERAL
FIXED WINDOWS
SLIDING WINDOWS
The flight crew can use the sliding windows as emergency exits. Therefore they are not permitted to
stow any object so that it protrudes into the window area from the side console. Members of the flight
crew can use the control handle to slide each of the windows rearward, and can use a locking pin to
lock each window open.
‐ Forward
Between the closed position and the one-third open position, the window is free to move
forward and aft.
When the window is more than one-third open, this pin prevents it from moving forward.
‐ Aft
Flight crew must move the locking pin aft in order to close the window. Left sliding window.
PEDESTAL
OVERHEAD PANEL
C/B PANELS
OVERHEAD PANEL
A forward-opening hinge door separates the cockpit from the passenger compartment. It has three
electric locking strikes, controlled by the flight crew. In normal conditions, when the door is closed,
they remain locked. When there is a request to enter the cockpit, the flight crew can authorize entry
by unlocking the door, that remains closed until it is pushed open.
When the flight crew does not respond to requests for entry, the door can also be unlocked by
the cabin crew, by entering a two to seven-digit code (programmed by the airline) on the keypad,
installed on the lateral side of the Forward Attendant Panel (FAP).
The door is bulletproof and fully compliant with rapid decompression requirements.
A mechanical override enables the flight crew to open the door from the cockpit side.
A deadbolt is installed at the level of the center latch area of the cockpit door. This deadbolt bolts the
door from the cockpit side, in the event that more than one locking latch strike fails, or in the case of
a total CLS failure.
Note: 1. The escape panel enables the flight crew to evacuate the cockpit, in case of an
emergency, when the door is jammed. This panel can only be removed from the cockpit
side by pulling the quick release pins towards the center of the flap and kicking the panel
open.
2. In case of an electrical supply failure, the door is automatically unlocked, but remains
closed.
The Cockpit Door Locking System (CDLS) provides a means of electrically locking and unlocking the
cockpit door. This system is mainly composed of :
‐ A keypad, located in the forward cabin, near the cockpit door,
‐ A toggle switch, located in the center pedestal’s Cockpit Door panel,
‐ A control unit and its CKPT DOOR CONT normal panel, located on the overhead panel,
‐ A buzzer.
The keypad enables the cabin crew to request access to the cockpit. There are two different access
request types : “Routine” and “Emergency” access request (Refer to PRO-SUP-25 Cockpit Door
Operation - General).
The toggle switch enables the flight crew to lock or unlock the cockpit door, following an access
request, thereby allowing or denying the entry to the cockpit.
The cockpit door control unit is the system controller, in charge of :
‐ Locking or unlocking the door latches, upon flight crew action.
‐ Unlocking the door, in case of cockpit decompression (the door then opens towards the cockpit
under differential pressure).
‐ Indicating system failures of electrical latches and pressure sensors.
‐ Activating the access request buzzer and turning on the keypad LEDs.
The buzzer sounds in the cockpit for 1 to 9 s to indicate that a routine access request has been
made, or sounds continuously if an emergency access procedure has been initiated.
CONTROLS
KEYPAD
The keypad is used by the cabin crew to request pilots to open the door (Refer to PRO-SUP-25
Cockpit Door Operation - General).
Note: During the test performed by the cockpit door control unit, the CDLS keypad
remains operational, and the CDLS operates as follows:
The control unit will store access codes that are entered, and the
LOCKED/UNLOCKED DOOR INDICATOR (RED/GREEN LEDs) of the keypad will
remain on, as long as the test is running.
‐ If the correct access code is entered on the keypad, the buzzer will not sound,
until the test is completed.
‐ If the emergency access code is entered, the door will unlock. The cockpit
buzzer and the LOCKED/UNLOCKED DOOR INDICATOR will be inoperative.
Note: 1. If the LOCK position has not been used by the pilot, for at least 5 to 20 min, the
cabin crew is able to request emergency access to open the cockpit door.
2. The UNLOCK position overrides and resets any previous selection.
3. In case of an electrical supply failure, the cockpit door is automatically unlocked,
but remains closed.
(2) COCKPIT DOOR Fault Open indicator
OPEN light ON : The door is not closed, or not locked.
OPEN light : The cabin crew has started an emergency access procedure. If there
flashes is no reaction from the flight crew, the door will unlock at the end of the
adjustable time delay (15 to 120 s).
FAULT : This light comes on when a system failure has been identified
(Example : Latch, pressure sensors, control unit).
The inoperative item can be identified by checking the strike and
pressure sensor status lights on the CKPT DOOR CONT panel.
Description
DESCRIPTION
For information on cockpit window damage procedure, description and evaluation method, Refer
to PRO-ABN-80 COCKPIT WINDSHIELD/WINDOW CRACKED and, Refer to FCTM/AO-090
COCKPIT WINDSHIELD/WINDOW CRACKED.
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
FIRE PROTECTION
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AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
FIRE PROTECTION
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
DSC-26-10 GENERAL
DESCRIPTION.........................................................................................................................................................A
DSC-26-40 Lavatory
DSC-26-40-10 Description
SMOKE DETECTION.............................................................................................................................................. A
WASTEBIN FIRE EXTINGUISHING....................................................................................................................... B
DESCRIPTION
DETECTION
The engines and the APU each have a fire and overheat detection system consisting of:
‐ Two identical gas detection loops (A and B) mounted in parallel
‐ A Fire Detection Unit (FDU).
The gas detection loops consist of:
‐ Three sensing elements for each engine, one in the pylon nacelle, one in the engine core and one
in the engine fan section
‐ One sensing element in the APU compartment.
When a sensing element is subjected to heat, it sends a signal to the fire detection unit.
As soon as loops A and B detect temperature at a preset level, they trigger the fire warning system.
A fault in one loop (break or loss of electrical supply) does not affect the warning system.
The unaffected loop still protects the aircraft.
If the system detects an APU fire while the aircraft is on the ground, it shuts down the APU
automatically and discharges extinguishing agent.
EXTINGUISHING
Each engine has two extinguisher bottles equipped with electrically operated squibs to discharge
their contents. Each squib has a dual electric supply. The flight crew controls the discharge from the
ENG FIRE panel in the cockpit.
The APU has one fire extinguisher bottle that has two electrically operated squibs to discharge its
agent. The flight crew controls the discharge from the APU FIRE panel in the cockpit. This bottle also
discharges automatically if there is an APU fire when the aircraft is on the ground.
Fire detection units process all the warnings and cautions originating in the sensing elements :
‐ The fire warning appears in case of :
• a fire signal from both loop A and B or,
• a fire signal from one loop when the other is faulty, or
• breaks in both loops occuring within 5 s of each other (flame effect), or
• a test performed on the control panel.
‐ The loop-fault cautions appear if :
• one loop is faulty or,
• both loops are faulty or,
• the fire detection unit fails.
OVERHEAD PANEL
The aircraft has two identical ENG FIRE panels, which contain the following switches and
indicators:
(1) ENG 1 (2) FIRE pb
This pushbutton's normal position is in, and guarded.
The pilot pushes it to release it. It pops out, sending an electrical signal that performs the
following for the corresponding engine :
‐ Silences the aural fire warning
‐ Arms the fire extinguisher squibs
‐ Closes the low-pressure fuel valve
‐ Closes the hydraulic fire shut off valve
‐ Closes the engine bleed valve
‐ Closes the pack flow control valve
‐ Cuts off the FADEC power supply
‐ Deactivates the IDG
ENG 1 (2) FIRE lt
This red light comes on, regardless of the pushbutton's position, whenever the fire warning
for the corresponding engine is activated.
(2) AGENT 1 and AGENT 2 pb
Both of these buttons become active when the flight crew pops the ENG FIRE button for
their engine.
A brief push on the button discharges the corresponding fire bottle.
‐ “SQUIB” lights up white when the flight crew pops the ENG FIRE button for its engine to
help the flight crew identify the AGENT pushbutton to be activated.
‐ “DISCH” lights up amber when its fire extinguisher bottle has lost pressure.
(3) TEST pb
This button permits the flight crew to test the operation of the fire detection and extinguishing
system.
When the flight crew presses it :
‐ A continuous repetitive chime sounds.
‐ The MASTER WARN lights flash.
‐ ENG FIRE warning appears on ECAM.
‐ On the FIRE panel :
• The ENG FIRE pushbutton lights up red.
• The SQUIB lights come on white if discharge supplies are available.
• The DISCH lights come on amber.
‐ On the ENG panel (pedestal) :
• The FIRE lights come on red.
(3) TEST pb
This button permits the flight crew to test the operation of the fire detection and extinguishing
system for the APU.
When the flight crew presses it :
‐ A continuous repetitive chime sounds.
‐ The MASTER WARN lights flash.
‐ APU FIRE warning appears on ECAM.
‐ On the APU FIRE panel :
• The APU FIRE pushbutton lights up red.
• The SQUIB light comes on white.
• The DISCH light comes on amber.
Note: The automatic shutdown of the APU on the ground will not occur while the flight crew
is performing this test.
PEDESTAL
(1) FIRE lt
This light identifies the engine to be shutdown because of fire.
Light comes on red when an engine fire warning is triggered.
When the aircraft is on the ground, an APU fire causes an additional external warning.
(1) APU FIRE lt
The red APU FIRE light comes on and an external warning horn sounds when the system
detects an APU fire.
The APU fire extinguisher discharges automatically 3 s after the appearance of the fire
warning.
The light goes out when the fire has been extinguished.
(2) APU SHUT OFF pb
This pushbutton is used for manual APU Emergency shutdown, if an emergency situation
is detected on ground by the ground crew. When this pushbutton is pressed, the APU low
pressure fuel shutoff valve closes, and the ECB receives a signal that starts the shutdown
sequence. The shutdown sequence is the same as the APU automatic shutdown sequence,
except that there is no cool down cycle. Pressing this pushbutton also silences the external
warning horn.
MAINTENANCE PANEL
FLT
E/WD: FAILURE TITLE AURAL MASTER SD PAGE LOCAL
PHASE
conditions WARNING LIGHT CALLED WARNING
INHIB
ENG 1 (2) FIRE FIRE lts on
Fire detected by both loops or by one loop, the ENG FIRE
ENGINE
other one being faulty, or break in both loops pb and on
occuring within 5 s MASTER ENG panel
CRC NIL
APU FIRE WARN
Fire detected by both loops or by one loop, the FIRE lt on
APU
other one being faulty, or break in both loops APU FIRE pb
occuring within 5 s
ENG 1 (2) APU FIRE DET FAULT
SINGLE MASTER
Both loops inoperative or
CHIME CAUT NIL NIL 3, 4, 5, 7, 8
Fire Detector Unit inoperative
ENG 1 (2) APU LOOP A (B) FAULT NIL NIL
DESCRIPTION
One smoke detector in the air extraction duct of the avionics ventilation system detects smoke in the
avionics compartment.
It signals the ECAM to display a warning in the cockpit.
When it detects smoke for more than 5 s:
‐ A single chime sounds
‐ The MASTER CAUTION lights, on the glareshield, light up
‐ The ECAM displays a caution on the E/WD
‐ The SMOKE light, on the EMER ELEC PWR panel, lights up
‐ The BLOWER and EXTRACT FAULT, on the VENTILATION panel, light up.
If smoke is detected for more than 5 min, the caution can be cleared; but, it remains latched, and can
be recalled. On the ground, a dual FWC reset will unlatch the caution.
OVERHEAD PANEL
FLT
E/WD : FAILURE TITLE AURAL MASTER SD PAGE
LOCAL WARNING PHASE
conditions WARNING LIGHT CALLED
INHIB
• SMOKE lt on EMER
AVNCS SMOKE
SINGLE MASTER ELEC PWR panel
Smoke detected in ventilation ELEC 4, 5, 7, 8
CHIME CAUT • FAULT lts on BLOWER
extraction duct
and EXTRACT pb sw
SMOKE DETECTION
SMOKE DETECTION
FIRE EXTINGUISHING
A fire extinguishing system protects the FWD and AFT cargo compartments.
One fire bottle supplies three nozzles (one in FWD compartment and two in AFT compartment).
The bottle has two discharge heads, one for each compartment. When a member of the flight crew
presses the DISCH pushbutton for either compartment, the action ignites the corresponding squib on
the fire bottle, which then discharges extinguishing agent into that compartment.
When the bottle has discharged, the amber DISCH light comes on.
OVERHEAD PANEL
FLT
E/WD: FAILURE TITLE AURAL MASTER SD PAGE
LOCAL WARNING PHASE
conditions WARNING LIGHT CALLED
INHIB
FWD (AFT) CARGO SMOKE CRC
MASTER
COND
SMOKE light on
4, 5, 7, 8
Smoke detected WARN CARGO SMOKE panel
FWD (AFT) CRG DET FAULT NIL NIL
Smoke detection fault
DET FAULT 3, 4, 5, 7, 8
Both CIDS Smoke Detection
Functions are failed. NIL NIL
SINGLE MASTER
FWD (AFT) CARGO BTL CHIME CAUTION
FAULT 4, 5, 7, 8
Forward or aft bottle squib failed or
bottle on low pressure.
ELECTRICAL SUPPLY
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
FLIGHT CONTROLS
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AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
FLIGHT CONTROLS
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
DSC-27-10 General
DSC-27-10-10 GENERAL
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
BASIC PRINCIPLE.................................................................................................................................................. B
CONTROL SURFACES...........................................................................................................................................C
COCKPIT CONTROLS............................................................................................................................................D
COMPUTERS.......................................................................................................................................................... E
DSC-27-10-20 Architecture
General Architecture................................................................................................................................................ A
Pitch Control............................................................................................................................................................ B
Roll Control.............................................................................................................................................................. C
Speed Brakes and Ground Spoilers....................................................................................................................... D
Yaw Control............................................................................................................................................................. E
GENERAL
The fly-by-wire system was designed and certified to render the new generation of aircraft even more
safe, cost effective, and pleasant to fly.
BASIC PRINCIPLE
CONTROL SURFACES
COCKPIT CONTROLS
‐ Each pilot has a sidestick controller with which to exercise manual control of pitch and roll. These
are on their respective lateral consoles.
The two sidestick controllers are not coupled mechanically, and they send separate sets of signals
to the flight control computers.
‐ Two pairs of pedals, which are rigidly interconnected, give the pilot mechanical control of the
rudder.
‐ The pilots control speed brakes with a lever on the center pedestal.
‐ The pilots use mechanically interconnected handwheels on each side of the center pedestal to
control the trimmable horizontal stabilizer.
‐ The pilots use a single switch on the center pedestal to set the rudder trim.
‐ There is no manual switch for trimming the ailerons.
COMPUTERS
Seven flight control computers process pilot and autopilot inputs according to normal, alternate, or
direct flight control laws.
The computers are :
2 ELACs
(Elevator Aileron Computer)
For : Normal elevator and stabilizer control.
Aileron control.
3 SECs
(Spoilers Elevator Computer)
For : Spoilers control.
Standby elevator and stabilizer control.
2 FACs
(Flight Augmentation Computer)
For : Electrical rudder control.
IN ADDITION 2 FCDC
Flight Control Data Concentrators (FCDC) acquire data from the ELACs and SECs and send it to
the electronic instrument system (EIS) and the centralized fault display system (CFDS).
GENERAL ARCHITECTURE
PITCH CONTROL
GENERAL
Two elevators and the Trimmable Horizontal Stabilizer (THS) control the aircraft in pitch. The
maximum elevator deflection is 30 ° nose up, and 17 ° nose down. The maximum THS deflection
is 13.5 ° nose up, and 4 ° nose down.
ELECTRICAL CONTROL
‐ In normal operations, ELAC2 controls the elevators and the horizontal stabilizer, and the green
and yellow hydraulic jacks drive the left and right elevator surfaces respectively.
The THS is driven by N° 1 of three electric motors.
‐ If a failure occurs in ELAC2, or in the associated hydraulic systems, or with the hydraulic
jacks, the system shifts pitch control to ELAC1. ELAC1 then controls the elevators via the blue
hydraulic jacks and controls the THS via the N° 2 electric motor.
‐ If neither ELAC1 nor ELAC2 is available, the system shifts pitch control either to SEC1 or to
SEC2, (depending on the status of the associated circuits), and to THS motor N° 2 or N° 3.
In case of failure, the actuators are reconfigured, Refer to DSC-27-10-20 Pitch Control -
Schematic.
MECHANICAL CONTROL
Mechanical control of the THS is available from the pitch trim wheel at any time, if either the green
or yellow hydraulic system is functioning.
Mechanical control from the pitch trim wheel has priority over electrical control.
ACTUATION
ELEVATORS
‐ Two electrically-controlled hydraulic servojacks drive each elevator.
Each servojack has three control modes :
• Active : The jack position is electrically-controlled.
• Damping : The jack follows surface movement.
• Centering : The jack is hydraulically retained in the neutral position.
‐ In normal operation :
• One jack is in active mode.
• The other jack is in damping mode.
• Some maneuvers cause the second jack to become active.
‐ If the active servojack fails, the damped one becomes active, and the failed jack is
automatically switched to damping mode.
‐ If neither jack is being controlled electrically, both are automatically switched to the centering
mode.
‐ If neither jack is being controlled hydraulically, both are automatically switched to damping
mode.
‐ If one elevator fails, the deflection of the remaining elevator is limited in order to avoid putting
excessive asymmetric loads on the horizontal tailplane or rear fuselage.
STABILIZER
‐ A screwjack driven by two hydraulic motors drives the stabilizer.
‐ The two hydraulic motors are controlled by :
• One of three electric motors, or
• The mechanical trim wheel.
SCHEMATIC
ROLL CONTROL
GENERAL
One aileron and four spoilers on each wing control the aircraft about the roll axis.
The maximum deflection of the ailerons is 25 °.
The ailerons extend 5 ° down when the flaps are extended (aileron droop).
The maximum deflection of the spoilers is 35 °.
ELECTRIC CONTROL
‐ The ELAC 1 normally controls the ailerons.
If ELAC1 fails, the system automatically transfers aileron control to ELAC2.
If both ELACs fail, the ailerons revert to the damping mode.
‐ SEC3 controls the N° 2 spoilers, SEC1 the N° 3 and 4 spoilers, and SEC2 the N° 5 spoilers.
If a SEC fails, the spoilers it controls are automatically retracted.
ACTUATION
AILERONS
Each aileron has two electrically controlled hydraulic servojacks.
One of these servojacks per aileron operates at a time.
‐ Speed brake lever in the retracted position but ground spoilers not armed and:
• Both main landing gears on ground,
• Reverse selected on at least one engine (and the other thrust lever below MCT position).
Note: • In autoland, the ground spoilers fully extend at half speed one second after both
main landing gears touch down.
• The spoiler roll function is inhibited when spoilers are used for the ground spoiler
function.
PARTIAL EXTENSION
In order to accelerate the full spoiler extension, the Phased Lift Dumping (PLD) function allows
the ground spoilers to deploy with a reduced deflection (10 °) when the following conditions are
met:
‐ Speed brake lever not in the retracted position or ground spoilers armed and:
• One main landing gear on ground,
• Both thrust levers at or below Idle position.
‐ Speed brake lever in the retracted position but ground spoilers not armed and:
• One main landing gear on ground,
• Reverse selected on at least one engine (and the other thrust lever below MCT position).
In order to reduce the bounce severity at landing in the case of an inappropriate thrust lever
handling during flare, ground spoilers are also partially deployed when the following conditions
are met:
‐ Ground spoilers armed,
‐ Both main landing gears on ground,
‐ Both thrust levers at or below the Climb position.
RETRACTION
The ground spoilers retract:
• After landing,
• After a rejected takeoff, when the ground spoilers are disarmed.
Note: If ground spoilers are not armed, they extend at the reverse selection and retract
when idle is selected.
• During a touch and go, when at least one thrust lever is advanced above 20 °.
Note: After an aircraft bounce, the ground spoilers remain extended with the thrust levers at
idle.
L3 The landing gear touchdown condition is triggered for both main landing gear, either when
their wheel speed is greater than 72 kt, or when their landing gear struts are, confirmed to be
compressed by the radio altimeter (RA < 6 ft).
The thrust levers are considered to be at idle when they are:
• Below 3 °,
• Below 15 °, when the radio height is below 6 ft.
YAW CONTROL
GENERAL
RUDDER ACTUATION
Three independent hydraulic servojacks, operating in parallel, actuate the rudder. In automatic
operation (yaw damping, turn coordination) a green servo actuator drives all three servojacks. A
yellow servo actuator remains synchronized and takes over if there is a failure.
There is no feedback to the rudder pedals from the yaw damping and turn coordination functions.
In the case of a failure that causes loss of the Rudder Travel limit system, the rudder deflection
limit stops at the last value reached. At slats extension, full rudder travel authority is recovered.
In all cases, the available rudder deflection provides sufficient yaw control within the entire flight
envelope. This includes the case of maximum asymmetric thrust.
RUDDER TRIM
The two electric motors that position the artificial feel unit also trim the rudder. In normal
operation, motor N° 1 (controlled by FAC1), powers the trim, and FAC2 with motor N° 2 remains
synchronized as a backup.
In manual flight, the pilot can apply rudder trim via the rotary RUD TRIM switch on the pedestal.
The pilot can use a button on the RUD TRIM panel to reset the rudder trim to zero.
Note: With the autopilot engaged, the FMGC computes the rudder trim orders. The rudder trim
rotary switch and the rudder trim reset pushbutton are not active.
SCHEMATIC
General
GENERAL
Pitch Control
GROUND MODE
Ground mode is a direct relationship between sidestick deflection and elevator deflection, without
auto trim.
It automatically sets the trimmable horizontal stabilizer (THS) at 0 ° (inside the green band).
A setting that the pilot enters manually to adjust for CG has priority for takeoff.
When the aircraft reaches 75 kt during the takeoff roll, the system reduces the maximum up elevator
deflection from 30 ° to 20 °.
FLIGHT MODE
The normal-law flight mode is a load-factor-demand mode with automatic trim and protection
throughout the flight envelope.
Following normal law, the sidestick controllers set the elevator and THS to maintain load factor
proportional to stick deflection and independent of speed.
With the sidestick at neutral, wings level, the system maintains 1 g in pitch (corrected for pitch
attitude), and there is no need for the pilot to trim by changing speed or configuration.
Pitch trim is automatic both in manual mode and when the autopilot is engaged. In normal turns (up
to 33 ° of bank) the pilot does not have to make any pitch corrections once the turn is established.
The flight mode is active from takeoff to landing, and follows the logic shown schematically (Refer to
DSC-27-20-10-10 General).
Automatic pitch trim freezes in the following situations:
‐ The pilot enters a manual trim order.
‐ The radio height is below 50 ft (100 ft with autopilot engaged).
‐ The load factor goes below 0.5 g.
When angle-of-attack protection is active, the THS setting is limited between the setting at the
aircraft’s entry into this protection and 3.5 ° nose down. (Neither the pilot nor the system can apply
additional nose-up trim).
Similarly, when the load factor is higher than 1.25 g or when the aircraft exceeds 33 ° of bank, the
THS setting is limited to values between the actual setting and 3.5 ° nose down.
When High Speed or High Mach Protection is active, the THS Setting is limited between the setting
at the aircraft’s entry into this protection and 11 ° nose-up.
FLARE MODE
When the aircraft passes 50 ft RA, the THS is frozen and the normal flight mode changes to flare
mode as the aircraft descends to land. Flare mode is essentially a direct stick-to-elevator relationship
(with some damping provided by the load factor and the pitch rate feedbacks).
The system memorizes the aircraft's attitude at 50 ft, and it becomes the initial reference for pitch
attitude control.
As the aircraft descends through 30 ft, the system begins to reduce the pitch attitude to -2 °nose
down over a period of 8 s. Consequently, to flare the aircraft, a gentle nose-up action by the pilot is
required.
PROTECTIONS
GENERAL
The normal law protects the aircraft throughout the flight envelope, as follows :
‐ load factor limitation
‐ pitch attitude protection
‐ high-angle-of-attack (AOA) protection
‐ high-speed protection.
As the speed increases above VMO/MMO, the sidestick nose-down authority is progressively
reduced, and a permanent nose-up order is applied to aid recovery to normal flight conditions.
High Speed Protection is deactivated, when the aircraft speed decreases below VMO/MMO,
where the usual normal control laws are recovered.
The autopilot disconnects, when High Speed Protection becomes active.
Note: The ECAM displays an “O/SPEED” warning at VMO + 4 kt and MMO + 0.006.
Lateral Control
NORMAL LAW
When the aircraft is on the ground (in “on ground” mode), the sidestick commands the aileron and roll
spoiler surface deflection. The amount of control surface deflection that results from a given amount
of sidestick deflection depends upon aircraft speed. The pedals control rudder deflection through a
direct mechanical linkage. The aircraft smoothly transitions to “in flight” mode shortly after liftoff.
When the aircraft is in the “in flight” mode, normal law combines control of the ailerons, spoilers
(except N° 1 spoilers), and rudder (for turn coordination) in the sidestick. While the system thereby
gives the pilot control of the roll and heading, it also limits the roll rate and bank angle, coordinates
the turns, and damps the dutch roll.
The roll rate requested by the pilot during flight is proportional to the sidestick deflection, with a
maximum rate of 15 °/s when the sidestick is at the stop.
When the aircraft is in “flare” mode, the lateral control is the same as in “in flight” mode.
After touchdown, the aircraft smoothly transitions from “in flight” mode to “ground” mode.
Inside the normal flight envelope, the system maintains positive spiral static stability for bank angles
above 33 °. If the pilot releases the sidestick at a bank angle greater than 33 °, the bank angle
automatically reduces to 33 °. Up to 33 °, the system holds the roll attitude constant when the
sidestick is at neutral. If the pilot holds full lateral sidestick deflection, the bank angle goes to 67 ° and
no further.
If Angle-of-Attack protection is active, and the pilot maintains full lateral deflection on the sidestick,
the bank angle will not go beyond 45 °. If High Speed Protection is active, and the pilot maintains full
lateral deflection on the sidestick, the bank angle will not go beyond 40 °. If high speed protection is
operative, the system maintains positive spiral static stability from a bank angle of 0 °, so that with
the sidestick released, the aircraft always returns to a bank angle of 0 °.
When bank angle protection is active, auto trim is inoperative.
If the bank angle exceeds 45 °, the autopilot disconnects and the FD bars disappear. The FD bars
return when the bank angle decreases to less than 40 °.
Sideslip Target
SIDESLIP TARGET
If one engine fails, the FAC modifies the sideslip indication slightly to show the pilot how much rudder
to use to get the best climb performance (ailerons to neutral and spoilers retracted).
In the case of an engine failure at takeoff, or at go-around, the sideslip index on the PFD changes
from yellow to blue (to provide the conditions for the blue display of the sideslip target, Refer to
DSC-31-40 Attitude Data).
In flight, the lateral normal law commands some rudder surface deflection to minimize the sideslip.
The pilot’s response is normal and instinctive: zero the slip indication by applying the right amount of
rudder to get the best climb performance.
GENERAL
Depending on the failures occuring to the flight control system, or on its peripherals, there are 3
levels of reconfiguration :
‐ Alternate law
They are two levels of alternate law : with and without reduced protections.
‐ Direct law
‐ Mechanical
ALTERNATE LAW
FLARE MODE
In pitch alternate law the flight mode changes to the flare mode when the pilot selects landing
gear down. The flare mode is a direct stick-to-elevator relationship. (Refer to DSC-27-20-20
Direct Law).
LATERAL CONTROL
When the aircraft flying in pitch alternate law, lateral control follows the roll direct law associated
with yaw alternate or mechanical.
ROLL DIRECT LAW
Refer to DSC-27-20-20 Direct Law.
YAW ALTERNATE LAW
Only the yaw damping function is available. Damper authority is limited to ±5 ° of rudder
deflection.
REDUCED PROTECTIONS
LOAD FACTOR LIMITATION
The load factor limitation is similar to that under normal law.
PITCH ATTITUDE PROTECTION
There is no pitch attitude protection. Amber Xs replace the green double bars “=” on the PFD.
LOW SPEED STABILITY
An artificial low speed stability replaces the normal angle-of-attack protection. It is available
for all slat/flap configurations, and the low speed stability is active from about 5 kt up to about
10 kt above stall warning speed, depending on the aircraft’s gross weight and slats/flaps
configuration.
A gentle progressive nose down signal is introduced, which tends to keep the speed from falling
below these values.
The system also injects bank-angle compensation, so that operation effectively maintains a
constant angle of attack.
In addition, audio stall warnings (crickets + “STALL” synthetic voice message) is activated at an
appropriate margin from the stall condition.
The PFD speed scale is modified to show a black/red barber pole below the stall warning.
The α floor protection is inoperative.
This is identical to alternate law except that it does not include the low-speed stability or the
high-speed stability. It includes only the load factor limitation.
DIRECT LAW
PITCH CONTROL
The pitch direct law is a direct stick-to-elevator relationship (elevator deflection is proportional to
stick deflection).
In all configurations the maximum elevator deflection varies as a function of CG.
It is a compromise between adequate controllability with the CG forward, and not-too-sensitive
control with the CG aft.
There is no automatic trim : the pilot must trim manually.
The PFD displays in amber the message “USE MAN PITCH TRIM”.
No protections are operative.
The α floor function is inoperative.
Overspeed and stall warnings are available as for alternate law.
LATERAL CONTROL
When flying in “direct law”, the roll direct law associated with mechanical yaw control governs
lateral control.
ROLL DIRECT LAW
The roll direct law is a direct stick-to-surface-position relationship. System gains are set
automatically to correspond to slat/flap configuration.
With the aircraft in the clean configuration, the maximum roll rate is about 30 °/s.
With slats extended, it is about 25 °/s.
To limit roll rate, the roll direct law uses only ailerons and spoilers N° 4 and 5.
If spoiler N° 4 has failed, spoiler N° 3 replaces it.
If the ailerons have failed, all roll spoilers become active.
YAW MECHANICAL CONTROL
The pilot controls yaw with the rudder pedals.
The yaw damping and turn coordination functions are lost.
In the case of an extraordinary unpredictable external event (e.g. mid-air collision) the flight
parameters may go far beyond the limits of the protected envelope. In this case, specific control laws
are activated to ensure aircraft recovery, and to allow a safe continuation of the flight.
Note: Abnormal attitudes cannot be reached as a consequence of recorded atmospheric
disturbance.
L2 The abnormal attitude law is activated if any of the following condition is true:
‐ Bank angle above 125 °
‐ Pitch attitude above 50 ° nose up or below 30 ° nose down
‐ Speed below 60 to 90 kt (depending on the aircraft pitch attitude), or above 440 kt
‐ Mach above 0.91
‐ Angle of attack above 30 ° to 40 °, or below -10 °
MECHANICAL BACK-UP
PITCH
Mechanical backup enables the pilot to control the aircraft during a temporary complete loss of
electrical power.
He does this in pitch by manually applying trim to the THS.
The PFDs display “MAN PITCH TRIM ONLY” in red.
LATERAL
The pilot uses the rudder pedals as the mechanical backup to laterally control the aircraft .
PEDESTAL
The THS is manually-controlled on ground for the THS setting, before takeoff and in flight,
when in direct law.
‐ Before takeoff, the pilot sets the THS to the angular value, determined as a function of the
aircraft CG, using the CG scale on the wheel. The relationship between the aircraft CG and
the THS setting shown on the trim wheel is only applicable for takeoff. The limits of the THS
normal setting range for takeoff are indicated by a green band on the pitch trim wheel.
‐ In flight, when in direct law, the pilot uses the THS conventionally to fly in trim. In flight, the
aircraft pitch trim setting depends on aircraft CG, weight, altitude and speed. Consequently,
the relation between the aircraft CG, and the THS setting displayed on the pitch trim wheel,
does not apply in flight.
Following nosewheel touchdown, as the pitch attitude becomes less than 2.5 ° for more than
5 s, pitch trim is automatically reset to zero.
Note: This function is inoperative, when the green or yellow hydraulic system is not
pressurized.
LATERAL CONSOLES
SIDESTICKS
Each pilot has on his lateral console a sidestick he can use to control pitch and roll manually. Each
sidestick is springloaded to neutral.
When the autopilot is engaged, a solenoid-operated detent locks both sidesticks in the neutral
position. If the pilot applies a force above a given threshold (5 daN in pitch, 3.5 daN in roll) the
stick becomes free and the autopilot disengages.
The hand grip has two switches:
‐ Autopilot disconnect and sidestick takeover pushbutton.
‐ Push-to-talk button.
A pilot can deactivate the other stick and take full control by pressing and keeping pressed his
priority takeover pushbutton.
For latching the priority condition, it is recommended to press the takeover push button for more
than 40 s.
This allows the pilot to release his takeover push button without losing priority.
However, a pilot can at any time reactivate a deactivated stick by momentarily pressing the
takeover push button on either stick.
If both pilots press their takeover pushbuttons, the pilot that presses last gets priority.
Note: If an autopilot is engaged, any action on a takeover pushbutton disengages it.
In a priority situation
‐ A red light comes on in front of the pilot whose stick is deactivated.
‐ A green light comes on in front of the pilot who has taken control, if the other stick is not in the
neutral position (to indicate a potential and unwanted control demand).
Note: If the aircraft is on the ground and commencing its takeoff run and one stick is
deactivated, this triggers the takeoff “CONFIG” warning.
GLARESHIELD
OVERHEAD PANEL
OFF : The corresponding computer is not active. Switching it OFF, then ON, resets the
computer.
FAULT : Comes on amber, along with an ECAM caution:
‐ When a failure is detected
‐ During ELAC power-up test (eight seconds).
Note: The ELAC power-up test occurs when electrical power is turned on, or
after the occurrence of an electrical transient lasting longer than 25 ms.
The FAULT light goes off, when the pilot selects OFF, or at the end of the ELAC
power-up test, if its results are satisfactory.
(2) SEC 1(2)(3) pushbutton
Controls the spoiler and elevator (SEC) computers 1(2)(3).
ON : SEC 1(2)(3) performs the following functions:
‐ Normal roll (by controlling the spoilers)
‐ Speedbrakes and ground spoilers
‐ Alternate pitch (SEC 1 and SEC 2 only)
‐ Direct pitch (SEC 1 and SEC 2 only)
‐ Direct roll
‐ Abnormal attitude.
OFF : The corresponding computer is not active. Switching it OFF, then on, resets the
computer.
FAULT : Comes on amber, along with an ECAM caution, when a failure is detected.
The FAULT light goes off, when the pilot selects OFF.
(3) FAC 1(2) pb sw
Controls the flight augmentation computer (FAC) 1(2).
ON : Both FACs perform the following functions:
‐ Normal roll (coordinating turns and damping dutch roll)
‐ Rudder trim
‐ Rudder travel limit
‐ Alternate yaw
OFF : The corresponding computer is not active. Switching it OFF and then ON resets the
computer.
FAULT : Lights up in amber, along with a caution on ECAM, when a failure is detected.
The FAULT light goes out when the pilot selects OFF.
On the ground, after the first engine start, sidestick position indications appear white on both PFDs.
The indications disappear when the aircraft goes from the ground into flight.
FLIGHT PHASES
MEMO DISPLAY
‐ The “SPEED BRK” message appears in green when the speedbrakes are extended. It appears in
amber when the speedbrakes should be retracted.
‐ The "GND SPLRS ARMED" message appears in green, when the ground spoilers are armed.
GENERAL
MAIN COMPONENTS
ARCHITECTURE
CONFIGURATIONS
(1) When in Configuration 1 + F, the flaps retract to 0 ° automatically at 210 kt (before the airspeed
reaches VFE).
(2) When in configuration 1, the flaps extend to 10 ° automatically at 100 kt.
This function inhibits slat retraction at high angles-of-attack and low speeds.
The SFCCs use corrected angle-of-attack (alpha) or airspeed information from the ADIRUs to inhibit
slat retraction.
If alpha exceeds 8.5 ° or the airspeed goes below 148 kt, retraction from position 1 to position 0 is
inhibited.
The inhibition is removed when alpha goes below 7.6 ° and, when the speed exceeds 154 kt.
This function is not active if :
‐ Alpha exceeds 8.5 ° or the airspeed goes below 148 kt, after the flight crew has moved the lever to
0
‐ The aircraft is on the ground, and its speed is less than 60 kt.
PEDESTAL
Before selecting any position, the pilot must pull the lever out of the detent. Balks at positions 1 and 3
prevent the pilot from calling for excessive flap/slat travel with a single action.
Note: The pilot cannot select an intermediate lever position.
TAKEOFF IN CONFIGURATION 1
1 + F (18 °/10 °) is selected. If the pilot does not select configuration 0 after takeoff, the flaps
retract automatically at 210 kt.
(2) F and S
“F” and “S” normally appear in white. They become amber, if:
‐ Both relevant hydraulic systems fail, unless the aircraft is on ground with both engines
stopped.
‐ The wingtip brakes are on.
‐ There is a slats or flaps fault.
“S (F) LOCKED” legend, appears in amber, in association with an ECAM caution, when the
wingtip brakes are applied, or when the system detects a non-alignment between two flaps.
The “A-LOCK” legend pulses in green, when the slat alpha/speedlock function is active.
(3) Flaps/Slats’ actual position
These green boxes indicate the actual flaps/slats position.
They become amber, if:
‐ Both relevant hydraulic systems fail, unless the aircraft is on ground with both engines
stopped.
‐ The wingtip brakes are on.
‐ There is a slats or flaps fault.
(4) Selected position
It is in blue, when the surfaces are in transit.
It disappears, when the selected position is reached.
(5) Flap lever position
The “0”, “1 + F”, “1”, “2”, “3”, or “FULL” legend appears.
‐ It is green, when the slats and flaps are in the selected position. “0” is not displayed, when
the aircraft attains clean configuration.
‐ It becomes cyan, when the slats and flaps are in transit.
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PHASE
conditions WARNING LIGHT CALLED WARNING
INHIB
CONFIG SLATS (FLAPS) NOT IN TO
CONFIG
Slats or flaps are not in takeoff configuration, 5, 6 (1), 7, 8
when thrust levers are set at TO or FLEX TO, or MASTER
CRC
when pressing the TO CONFIG pb. WARN
FLAP LVR NOT ZERO 1, 2, 3,
Flap lever is not in the zero position, and the 4, 5, 7,
aircraft is above 22 000 ft. 8, 9, 10
SLATS (FLAPS) FAULT
Failure of both slat or flap channels.
SINGLE MASTER
SLATS (FLAPS) LOCKED CHIME CAUT
4, 5, 8
Slats or flaps' wing tip brakes applied, or non
NIL NIL
alignment detected between 2 flaps.
SLATS SYS 1(2) FAULT
Failure of slat channel in one SFCC.
FLAP SYS 1 (2) FAULT
Failure of flap channel in one SFCC.
SLAT (FLAP) TIP BRK FAULT
Failure of one wing tip brake on slats or flaps, or NIL NIL 3, 4, 5, 7, 8
failure of one wing tip brake solenoid on slats, or
flaps.
FLAPS ATTACH SENSOR
Failure of flap attachment's failure detection
sensor.
(1) The warning is automatically recalled by pressing the TO CONFIG pb .
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
FUEL
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AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
FUEL
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
DSC-28-10 Description
DSC-28-10-10 General
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
DSC-28-10-20 Tanks
Tanks........................................................................................................................................................................A
GENERAL
TANKS
The fuel is stored in the wings, and the center section. The wings have inner and outer tanks.
There is a vent surge tank outboard of the outer tank in each wing.
When the aircraft has been refueled to maximum capacity, the fuel can expand by 2 % (20 °C
temperature rise) without spilling.
There is an overpressure protector in each vent, outer and inner tank and between the center tank
and the left inner tank.
USABLE FUEL
OUTER TANKS INNER TANKS CENTER TANK TOTAL
(liters) 880 x 2 7 099 x 2 8 250 24 209
VOLUME
(US gallons) 232 x 2 1 875 x 2 2 180 6 395
(KG) 691 x 2 5 573 x 2 6 476 19 004
WEIGHT(1)
(LB) 1 520 x 2 12 286 x 2 14 281 41 893
(1) Fuel density : 0.785 kg/l or 6.551 lb/US Gal .
GENERAL
The main fuel pump system supplies fuel from the center tank or the inner wing tanks to the engines.
The system has six main fuel pumps.
MAIN COMPONENTS
TANK PUMPS
In normal operation each engine is supplied by one pump in the center tank or two pumps in its
own side inner tank.
All wing tank pumps remain on throughout the flight. They are fitted with pressure relief sequence
valves which ensure that, when all pumps are running, the center tank pumps will deliver fuel
preferentially.
ENGINE LP VALVES
The fuel flow to an engine can be stopped by its low pressure (LP) fuel valve, the closure of the
LPLP fuel valve is by :
‐ the engine master switch, or
‐ the ENG FIRE PUSH pushbutton.
SUCTION VALVES
Closed by pumps pressure in normal operation, they allow engines to be fed by gravity if the inner
tank pumps fail.
Note: Center tank pumps are not fitted with suction valves. Therefore, gravity feeding is not
possible from the center tank.
ENGINE FEED
* Each center tank pump stops, until approximately 500 kg (1 100 lb ) of the fuel in its associated
inner tank fuel has been used (when the fuel level reaches the underfull sensors).
With the MODE SEL in the MAN position, the center tank pumps will run. In manual mode, the
CTR TK PUMP pb-sw must be selected OFF, when the center tank is empty.
FUEL TRANSFER FROM OUTER TO INNER TANKS
The transfer valves automatically open, when the inner tank fuel reaches the low level (about
750 kg/1 650 lb), thus enabling the fuel to drain from the outer to inner tanks.
When open, the valves are latched open. They will automatically close at the next refueling
operation.
Note: 1. Two level sensors are installed in each inner tank. Each sensor controls two transfer
valves, one in each wing, ensuring simultaneous transfer to both wings.
2. The 750 kg/1 650 lb value is based on a level aircraft attitude, with no acceleration.
During steep descent or accelerations/decelerations, the transfer valves may open
with more than 750 kg/1 650 lb of fuel in each inner tank, and the low level warning
may be triggered.
ECAM INDICATION
APU FEED
A special fuel pump supplies fuel for APU startup when fuel feed pressure is low (due to loss of tank
pumps or loss of normal AC electrical supply). This pump normally runs off the AC ESS SHED, but
runs off the AC STAT INV BUS if the AC ESS SHED fails.
REFUELING - DEFUELING
‐ One (two) refueling point(s) is (are) installed under the wings, enabling the aircraft to be refueled
from either the right or left side.
‐ A refuel panel is located on the fuselage side beneath the right wing, or under the right or left wing
adjacent to the refuel coupling.
The fuel level system generates fuel-level and fuel-temperature signals in order to operate the
appropriate switching functions for refueling and defueling and control the IDG cooling recirculation
system and the center-tank-to-wing-tank fuel transfer system.
The FLSCU comprises :
‐ fuel level sensors in the tanks to sense high, low, and overflow levels.
‐ a fuel temperature sensor to control the IDG cooling recirculation.
When fuel quantity in one wing tank goes below 750 kg (1 650 lb), the low-level sensor triggers the
LO LVL warning on ECAM.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 aircraft are equipped with a Fuel Tank Inerting System.
The aim of this system is to reduce the flammability in the fuel tanks that have a high flammability
exposure.
The fuel center tank is the only one that has a high flammability exposure. Therefore, the Fuel Tank
Inerting System only needs to be installed for the center tank. All other tanks do not need Fuel Tank
Inerting System installation.
To reduce the flammability in the center tank, the Fuel Tank Inerting System produces an
oxygen-depleted air that goes in the center tank to replace the ambient air.
The system is installed in the belly fairing of the aircraft, and is composed by:
‐ A conditioned Service Air System (CSAS)
‐ An Inert Gas Generation System (IGGS).
The CSAS extracts and conditions some engine bleed air to adequate pressure and temperature.
Then, the air goes through the IGGS where an Air Separation Module taps the nitrogen molecules.
Therefore, an oxygen-depleted air is produced (with less than 12 % of oxygen) and replaces the
ambient air of the center tank.
The Fuel Tank Inerting System does not require any flight crew action. It works independently as
soon as the engines start and until they stop.
OVERHEAD PANEL
MAN : Flight crew manually controls the center tank pumps manually with the
center tank pumps' pushbutton.
FAULT light : Amber light comes on, and ECAM caution comes on when center tank has
more than 250 kg (550 lb) of fuel and the left or right wing tank has less
than 5 000 kg (11 000 lb).
(3) CTR TK PUMP 1(2) pushbutton sw
On : • Pump runs, if MAN mode is selected on the MODE SEL pushbutton.
• Pump is automatically controlled when AUTO mode is selected.
OFF : Pump is OFF and OFF button comes on white.
FAULT light : Amber light and associated ECAM caution come on, when the pump is in
operation and the delivery pressure drops.
(4) X FEED pushbutton sw
OFF : The valve closes, and the pushbutton does not come on.
ON : The valve opens, and the ON pushbutton comes on in white.
OPEN light : This green light comes on, when the valve is fully open.
OPEN : Valves open when the MODE SELECT sw is set to the REFUEL or DEFUEL XFR
position. Each refuel valve closes, when the system detects a high level in the
associated tank.
SHUT : Valves close.
(4) MODE SELECT sw (guarded at OFF)
OFF : Refuel system is de-energized. Refuel valves are closed.
REFUEL : Refuel valves operate in automatic or in manual mode depending
on the position of REFUEL VALVES sw.
DEFUEL XFR : Refuel/Defuel transfer valve opens.
Refuel valve opens if the associated REFUEL VALVE sw is at OPEN.
(5) OPEN light
This amber light comes on when the defuel transfer valve is open.
(6) TEST sw
HI LVL : The HI LVL lights come on if high level sensors and associated
circuits are serviceable.
Note: If tanks are full (HI LVL lights on) during this test, the HI LVL lights go out if high level
sensors and associated circuits are serviceable.
LTS : Lights on panel and all 8's on FQI and preselector come on.
(7) PRESELECTED display
This display shows the preselected total fuel quantity in kg (lb) × 1 000 (multiply by 1 000 to get
actual amount).
(8) Preselector sw
Pressing the left or right side of the switch decreases or increases the preselected quantity.
(9) ACTUAL display
This display shows the total fuel on board.
(10) END light
‐ This green light comes on steady when automatic refueling is completed
‐ It flashes green if refueling is aborted.
(11) CKPT light
Not used.
‐ It is normally in green.
‐ An amber line appears across the last two digits, when the FQI is inaccurate (Refer to
PRO-SUP-28 FQI IN DEGRADED MODE). The outer indication is boxed amber, if both
transfer valves fail to open when the inner is at low level.
‐ The center tank indication is boxed amber, if both center tank pumps are failed, or are
switched OFF.
‐ An advisory appears in flight phases 2 and 6, when the difference between the fuel
quantities in the two wings is greater than 1 500 kg (3 300 lb). The wing inner and outer
tank indications pulse with the highest fuel level.
‐ Units may either be in KG or LB, depending on the DMC pin program.
(9) Fuel On Board (FOB) indication
It is normally in green.
An amber line appears across the last two digits, when the FQI is inaccurate (Refer to
PRO-SUP-28 FQI IN DEGRADED MODE).
Units may either be in KG or LB, depending on the DMC pin program.
The indication is half-boxed in amber, if:
‐ Center tank pumps fail, or are switched OFF.
‐ Both transfer valves fail to open, when the inner tank is at low level.
(10) Fuel Used indication
F.USED 1
3 100
‐ The engine identification number is in amber, when the engine is below idle. It is in
white, when it is at, or above, idle.
‐ The fuel used indication is green from flight phase 2, until electrical power is cut off at the
end of the flight. It is automatically reset, when the engine is started on ground.
‐ Units may either be in KG or LB, depending on the DMC pin program.
( 11) Fuel Flow indication
The Total Fuel Flow is displayed in kg/mn.
Units may either be in KG or LB, depending on the DMC pin program.
‐ It is normally in green.
‐ It is replaced by an amber XX if there is no valid data.
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PHASE
conditions WARNING LIGHT CALLED WARNING
INHIB
L(R) TK
PUMP
L(R) TK PUMP 1 + 2 LO PR 1+2
FAULT lt
CTR TK 3, 4, 5,
CTR TK PUMP 1(2) LO PR PUMP 1(2) 7, 8 (1)
FAULT lt
CTR TK
CTR TK PUMPS LO PR PUMP
FAULT lts
OFF lt on
CTR TK PUMPS OFF CTR TK
1, 3, 4, 5,
CTR TK pb at OFF with no FAULT 7, 8, 9, 10
PUMP pb
AUTO FEED FAULT
(CTR TK > 250 kg (550 lb) and MODE SEL
L or R WING TK < 5 000 kg (11 000 lb) FAULT lts
3, 4, 5, 8
––––––––––––OR ––––––––––– –––––
(CTR TK pumps do not stop after slat extension or NIL
SINGLE MASTER
CTR TK low level)
CHIME CAUT
L(R) WING TK LO LVL
(750 kg - 1 650 lb) FUEL
3, 4, 5,
L + R WING TK LO LVL 7, 8, 9
Low level detected in both wing inner cells
(remaining flight time is about 30 min)
L(R) OUTER TK HI TEMP or
L(R) INNER TK HI TEMP
Fuel temp above:
In outer cell, above 55 °C on ground.
In outer cell, above 60 °C in flight. 3, 4,
In inner cell, above 45 °C on ground. NIL 5, 7, 8
In inner cell, above 54 °C in flight.
L(R) XFR VALVE CLOSED
Both transfer valves fail to open after inner cell low
level.
ENG 1(2) LP VALVE OPEN 4, 5, 7, 8
Valve disagree in open position.
APU LP VALVE FAULT
Valve position disagree. 3, 4, 5,
NIL NIL
L(R) OUTER TK LO TEMP, or 7, 8 (2)
L(R) INNER TK LO TEMP
Continued on the following page
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
HYDRAULIC
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AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
HYDRAULIC
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
DSC-29-10 Description
DSC-29-10-10 General
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
DSC-29-10-20 Generation
GREEN SYSTEM PUMP.........................................................................................................................................A
BLUE SYSTEM PUMPS..........................................................................................................................................B
YELLOW SYSTEM PUMPS....................................................................................................................................C
POWER TRANSFER UNIT (PTU).......................................................................................................................... D
RAM AIR TURBINE (RAT)......................................................................................................................................E
SYSTEM ACCUMULATORS................................................................................................................................... F
PRIORITY VALVES.................................................................................................................................................G
FIRE SHUTOFF VALVES....................................................................................................................................... H
LEAK MEASUREMENT VALVES.............................................................................................................................I
FILTERS................................................................................................................................................................... J
Generation................................................................................................................................................................K
Reservoir Pressurization.......................................................................................................................................... L
Indications................................................................................................................................................................M
DSC-29-10-30 Distribution
Distribution............................................................................................................................................................... A
GENERAL
The aircraft has three continuously operating hydraulic systems : blue, green, and yellow. Each
system has its own hydraulic reservoir. Normal system operating pressure is 3 000 PSI (2 500 PSI
when powered by the RAT). Hydraulic fluid cannot be transferred from one system to another.
An electric pump pressurizes the blue system. A pump driven by a ram air turbine (RAT) pressurizes
this system in an emergency.
A bidirectional power transfer unit enables the yellow system to pressurize the green system and vice
versa.
The power transfer unit comes into action automatically when the differential pressure between the
green and the yellow systems is greater than 500 PSI.
The PTU therefore allows the green system to be pressurized on the ground when the engines are
stopped.
A drop-out RAT coupled to a hydraulic pump allows the blue system to function if electrical power is
lost or both engines fail. The RAT deploys automatically if AC BUS 1 and AC BUS 2 are both lost. It
can be deployed manually from the overhead panel. It can be stowed only when the aircraft is on the
ground.
SYSTEM ACCUMULATORS
An accumulator in each system helps to maintain a constant pressure by covering transient demands
during normal operation.
PRIORITY VALVES
Priority valves cut off hydraulic power to heavy load users if hydraulic pressure in a system gets low.
Each of the green and yellow systems has a fire shutoff valve in its line upstream of its engine-driven
pump. The flight crew can close it by pushing the ENG 1(2) FIRE pushbutton.
Each system has a leak measurement valve upstream of the primary flight controls.
These valves, which measure the leakage in each circuit, are closed by operation of the LEAK
MEASUREMENT VALVES pushbutton switch on the maintenance panel.
FILTERS
GENERATION
RESERVOIR PRESSURIZATION
Normally, HP bleed air from engine 1 pressurizes the hydraulic reservoirs automatically.
If the bleed air pressure is too low, the system takes bleed air pressure from the crossbleed duct.
The systems maintain a high enough pressure to prevent their pumps from cavitating.
INDICATIONS
DISTRIBUTION
OVERHEAD PANEL
FAULT lt : This amber light comes on, and a caution appears on the ECAM, if :
‐ The reservoir level is low
‐ The reservoir overheats
‐ The air pressure in the reservoir is low
‐ The pump is delivering low pressure (inhibited on the ground, when the
engines are stopped)
‐ The pump overheats.
The light goes out, when the crew selects OFF, except during an overheat. (The
light stays on as long as the overheat lasts).
(3) YELLOW ELEC PUMP pb sw (springloaded)
ON : The electric pump is ON.
If the electrical power supply is removed, the pump will remain off when
electrical power is applied again.
Off : The pump is off.
It comes on automatically when a crewman sets the lever of the cargo door
manual selector valve to OPEN or CLOSE.
This inhibits the operation of other yellow system functions (except alternate
braking and engine 2 reverse).
FAULT lt : This amber light, accompanied by an ECAM caution, comes on if :
‐ the reservoir level is low
‐ air pressure in the reservoir is low
‐ the reservoir overheats
‐ pump pressure is low
‐ the pump overheats.
The light goes out when the crew selects OFF, except during an overheat. (The
light stays on as long as the overheat lasts).
(4) PTU pb sw
AUTO : The bidirectional power transfer unit is armed and both the yellow and the green
electrohydraulic valves are open.
The power transfer unit runs automatically when the differential pressure
between the green and yellow systems is more than 500 PSI.
Note: The PTU is inhibited during the first engine start and automatically
tested during the second engine start.
OFF : Both the green and the yellow PTU electrohydraulic valves close. Power transfer
stops.
FAULT lt : This amber light comes on, and a caution appears on the ECAM, if :
‐ the green or the yellow reservoir overheats
‐ the green or the yellow reservoir has low air pressure
‐ the green or the yellow reservoir has a low flluid level.
The light goes out when the crew selects OFF, except during an overheat. (The
light stays on as long as the overheat lasts).
(5) RAT MAN ON pb
The flight crew may extend the RAT at any time by pressing the RAT MAN ON pushbutton.
Note: The RAT extends automatically if AC BUS 1 and AC BUS 2 are lost. (Refer to
DSC-24-20 Overhead Panel (Cont'd)).
MAINTENANCE PANEL
◂ Amber : The electric pump is ON and the yellow system has low pressure.
(9) PTU control
(1)
Green : The power transfer unit (PTU) pushbutton switch is in AUTO and the PTU is
not transferring pressure.
Amber : The PTU pb-sw is OFF.
(2)
Green : The PTU is supplying the green hydraulic system.
(3)
Green : The PTU is supplying the yellow hydraulic system.
(10) ENG PUMP control and low pressure indication
In line (Green) : The pushbutton switch for the designated PUMP is on and hydraulic
pressure is normal.
Cross line (Amber) : The pushbutton switch for the designated PUMP is OFF.
“LO” (Amber) : The pushbutton switch for the designated PUMP is on and hydraulic
pressure is low.
(11) System label
pressure > 1 450 PSI pressure < 1 450 PSI
YELLOW white amber
▵ green amber
(13) PUMP
This legend, normally white, becomes amber when N2 is below idle.
FLT
E/WD: FAILURE TITLE AURAL MASTER SD PAGE LOCAL
PHASE
Conditions WARNING LIGHT CALLED WARNING
INHIB
B+Y
B + G SYS LO PR MASTER
Y+G CRC FAULT lt 4, 5 (1)
WARN
System pressure ≤ 1 450 PSI
(reset if pressure ≥ 1 750 PSI)
G (Y) RSVR LO AIR PR
Air pressure of the reservoir ≤ 22 PSI 3, 4, 5, 7, 8
(reset if air pressure ≥ 25 PSI)
B RSVR LO AIR PR
Reservoir air pressure ≤ 30 PSI 1, 2, 3,
(detected in flight but only displayed on ground after 4, 5, 6, 7
landing) FAULT lt on
associated
B RSVR LO AIR PR pump(s) pb
Reservoir air pressure ≤ 22 PSI
and on PTU
reset if pressure ≥ 25 PSI
pb-sw if Y 3, 4, 5, 7, 8
G (Y)(B) RSVR OVHT or G SYS
Fluid temperature ≥ 93 °C affected
(reset if TEMP ≤ 88 °C)
G (Y)(B) RSVR LO LVL
HYD
Fluid quantity: 4, 5 (2), 7, 8
< 3.5 l (0.92 US Gal) (green-yellow)
< 2.4 l (0.63 US Gal) (blue) SINGLE MASTER
CHIME CAUT
G (Y) ENG 1(2) PUMP LO PR
Pump outlet pressure ≤ 1 750 PSI
(reset if pressure ≥ 2 200 PSI)
Y ELEC PUMP LO PR
Yellow system pressure ≤ 1 450 PSI
(reset if pressure ≥ 1 750 PSI) with 4, 5, 7, 8
- YELLOW ELEC PUMP pb-sw at ON
- Y ENG PUMP and PTU not available FAULT lt
on affected
B ELEC PUMP LO PR
pump pb
Pump outlet pressure ≤ 1 450 PSI
(reset if pressure ≥ 1 750 PSI)
B ELEC PUMP OVHT
3, 4, 5, 7, 8
Y ELEC PUMP OVHT
G (Y) SYS LO PR
System pressure ≤ 1 450 PSI 4, 5, 7, 8 (1)
(reset if pressure ≥ 1 750 PSI)
Continued on the following page
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
DSC-30-10 General
DSC-30-10-10 Description
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
Anti-Ice..................................................................................................................................................................... B
Rain Removal.......................................................................................................................................................... C
GENERAL
The ice and rain protection system allows unrestricted operation of the aircraft in icing conditions and
heavy rain.
ANTI-ICE
Either hot air or electrical heating protects critical areas of the aircraft as follows:
HOT AIR
‐ Three outboard leading-edge slats of each wing
‐ Engine air intakes.
ELECTRICAL HEATING
‐ Flight compartment windows
‐ Sensors, pitot probes and static ports
‐ Waste-water drain mast.
RAIN REMOVAL
Wipers and when necessary, fluid rain repellent, remove rain from the front windshield panels.
DESCRIPTION
In flight, hot air from the pneumatic system heats the three outboard slats (3-4-5) of each wing.
Air is supplied through one valve in each wing.
The WING pushbutton on the ANTI ICE panel controls the valves.
When the aircraft is on ground, the flight crew can initiate a 30 s test sequence by turning the system
ON.
If the system detects a leak during normal operation, the affected side’s wing anti-ice valve
automatically closes (Refer to DSC-36-10-50 LEAK DETECTION).
When wing anti-ice is selected, the N1 limit is automatically reduced, and the idle N1 is automatically
increased.
If the electrical power supply fails, the valves close.
OVERHEAD PANEL
FLT
E/WD: FAILURE TITLE AURAL MASTER SD PAGE LOCAL
PHASE
conditions WARNING LIGHT CALLED WARNING
INHIB
WING A. ICE OPEN ON GND 3, 4, 5,
On ground, valves remain open more than 35 s after NIL
6, 7, 8
wing anti-ice is selected ON.
SINGLE MASTER
SYS FAULT CHIME CAUT 3, 4, 5, 7, 8
ANTI ICE
Valve not open when wing anti-ice selected ON.
BLEED WING
L (R) VALVE OPEN FAULT lt 4, 5, 7, 8
Valve not closed when wing anti-ice selected off
HI PR
High pressure detected when the wing anti-ice is NIL NIL NIL 3, 4, 5, 7, 8
selected ON.
MEMO DISPLAY
The “WING A. ICE” message is displayed in green, if the WING ANTI ICE pb-sw is ON.
DESCRIPTION
An independent air bleed from the high pressure compressor protects each engine nacelle from ice.
Air is supplied through a two-position (open and closed) valve that the flight crew controls with two
pushbuttons, one for each engine.
The valve automatically closes, if air is unavailable (engine not running).
When an engine anti-ice valve is open, the N1 limit is automatically reduced and, if necessary, the
idle N1 is automatically increased for both engines in order to provide the required pressure.
If electrical power fails, the valves open.
OVERHEAD PANEL
MEMO DISPLAY
This display shows “ENG A. ICE” in green, if one or both ENG ANTI ICE pb-sw are ON.
DESCRIPTION
The aircraft uses electrical heating for anti-icing each windshield and demisting the cockpit side
windows.
Two independent Window Heat Computers (WHCs), one on each side, automatically regulate the
system, protect it against overheating, and indicate faults.
Window heating comes on:
‐ automatically when at least one engine is running, or when the aircraft is in flight.
‐ manually, before engine start, when the flight crew switches ON the PROBE/WINDOW HEAT
pushbutton switch.
Windshield heating operates at low power on the ground and at normal power in flight. The
changeover is automatic.
Only one heating level exists for the windows.
OVERHEAD PANEL
FLT
E/WD : FAILURE TITLE AURAL MASTER SD PAGE LOCAL
PHASE
conditions WARNING LIGHT CALLED WARNINGS
INHIB
L(R) WINDSHIELD
Failure of L or R windshield heating SINGLE MASTER
L+R WINDSHIELD CHIME CAUT
NIL NIL 3, 4, 5, 7, 8
Failure of both windshield heating
L(R) WINDOW
NIL NIL
Failure of L or R window heating
DESCRIPTION
OVERHEAD PANEL
FLT
E/WD : FAILURE TITLE AURAL MASTER SD PAGE LOCAL
PHASE
conditions WARNING LIGHT CALLED WARNING
INHIB
CAPT (F/O) PITOT
CAPT (F/O) L(R) STAT
CAPT (F/O) AOA
CAPT (F/O) TAT
Failure of corresponding probe heating
STBY PITOT
3, 4, 5, 7, 8
STBY L(R) STAT
STBY AOA
Failure of corresponding probe heating
CAPT (F/O) (STBY) PROBES MASTER
SINGLE CHIME NIL NIL
Failure of one probe heat CAUT
channel/computer
CAPT + F/O PITOT
CAPT+ STBY PITOT
F/O + STBY PITOT
Failure of the corresponding probes
4, 5, 8
heating
ALL PITOT
Failure of CAPT, F/O and STBY probes
heating
WIPERS
Each front windshield has a dual-speed electric wiper, which are each controlled by a rotary selector.
In moderate to heavy rain, the flight crew can spray a rain repellent liquid on the windshield to
improve visibility.
After about 30 s, the windows are covered with spray.
Separate pushbuttons control rain repellent application on each side of the windshield.
OVERHEAD PANEL
REAR COCKPIT
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
DSC-31-05-30 Architecture
DISPLAY UNIT (DU)............................................................................................................................................... A
Display Management Computer (DMC).................................................................................................................. B
SYSTEM DATA ACQUISITION CONCENTRATOR (SDAC)..................................................................................C
Flight Warning Computer (FWC).............................................................................................................................D
ATTENTION - GETTERS........................................................................................................................................ E
LOUDSPEAKER.......................................................................................................................................................F
EIS Block Diagram.................................................................................................................................................. G
DSC-31-20 Indications on SD
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
System Pages..........................................................................................................................................................B
STATUS Page......................................................................................................................................................... C
Permanent Data.......................................................................................................................................................D
Amber Crosses "XX" on the SD..............................................................................................................................E
DSC-31-25-20 Example
1 - The Ecam Detects No Failure........................................................................................................................... A
2 - The ECAM Detects a Failure............................................................................................................................ B
3 - The Flight Crew Follows the Instruction Displayed on the E/WD......................................................................C
4 - One of the Pilots Pushes the CLR Pushbutton on the ECP............................................................................. D
5 - One of the Pilots Pushes the CLR Pushbutton a Second Time........................................................................E
6 - One of the Pilots Pushes the CLR Pushbutton a Third Time............................................................................F
DSC-31-45 Indications on ND
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
ROSE Modes........................................................................................................................................................... B
ROSE LS Mode.......................................................................................................................................................C
Rose VOR Mode..................................................................................................................................................... D
ROSE NAV Mode/ARC Mode................................................................................................................................. E
Plan Mode................................................................................................................................................................ F
Weather Radar indications......................................................................................................................................G
Predictive Windshear indications.............................................................................................................................H
EGPWS..................................................................................................................................................................... I
Flags and Messages Displayed on ND................................................................................................................... J
INTRODUCTION
The Electronic Instrument System (EIS) presents data on six identical Display Units (DUs):
‐ The Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS) displays mostly flight parameters and navigation
data on the Primary Flight Displays (PFDs) and Navigation Displays (NDs).
‐ The Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitor (ECAM) presents data on the Engine/Warning Display
(E/WD) and System Display (SD) :
• Primary engine indications, fuel quantity, flap and slat position
• Warning and caution alerts, or memos
• Synoptic diagrams of aircraft systems, and status messages
• Permanent flight data
COCKPIT ARRANGEMENT
Three identical Display Management Computers (DMCs) obtain data from the different sensors
and computers, and send it to the display units. The display units then generate and display the
applicable images. Each DMC has a single DMC channel, and can simultaneously supply one PFD,
one ND and both ECAM display units (E/WD and SD).
The two identical SDACs acquire data, then generate signals. Some of these signals go to the three
DMCs, which use them to generate displays of system pages and engines parameters. Others go to
the flight warning computers, which use them to generate ECAM messages and aural alerts.
The two identical FWCs generate alert messages, memos, aural alerts, and synthetic voice
messages. For this purpose they acquire data:
‐ Directly from aircraft sensors, or systems, to generate red warnings
‐ Through the SDACs to generate amber cautions.
The ECAM display units display the alert messages generated by the FWCs.
The FWCs also generate:
‐ Radio height callouts
‐ Decision height callouts
‐ Landing distance and landing speed increments.
ATTENTION - GETTERS
The FWCs also drive the attention-getters. Each pilot has a set of these on the panel under the
glareshield. They are :
‐ A master warning light, that flashes “MASTER WARN” in red, for red warnings.
‐ A master caution light, that illuminates “MASTER CAUT” in amber, for amber cautions.
LOUDSPEAKER
The communications loudspeakers announce aural alerts and voice messages, and do so even
when they are turned off.
A switch near the center of the SWITCHING panel which is located just above the ECAM control
panel, enables the flight crew to replace the Captain or First Officer's Display Management Computer
(DMC 1, or DMC 2) by DMC 3.
ECAM/ND SWITCHING
A switch on the right-hand side of the SWITCHING panel enables the flight crew to transfer the
ECAM System Display to either the Captain or First Officer's Navigation Display.
EFIS SWITCHING
A PFD/ND XFR pushbutton on each side console enables the pilot to swap displays to the respective
onside DUs.
If the lower ECAM display fails, or is switched off, the flight crew can display the system/status page
by :
‐ Using the "ECAM/ND XFR" switch, on the SWITCHING panel, to display it on the NDU, or
‐ Pushing and holding (for a maximum of 3 min) the related system page pushbutton, on the ECAM
control panel, to temporarily display it on the upper ECAM DU (instead of the engine/warning
page).
PFDU/NDU RECONFIGURATION
If a PFDU fails, the system automatically transfers the PFD image to the NDU.
The pilot can also make this transfer manually by :
‐ turning the PFD ON-OFF/brightness control OFF, or
‐ pressing the PFD/ND/XFR pushbutton, which cross-changes the images between the PFDU and
the NDU.
If an NDU fails, the pilot can use the PFD/ND/XFR pushbutton to transfer the ND image to the PFDU.
DU RECONFIGURATION
GENERAL
These messages are displayed on either the EFIS or the ECAM Display Unit (DU) depending on the
current EFIS or ECAM configuration.
FAILURE OF A DU
If a DU fails, the flight crew may find one of the following displays:
‐ A blank screen with an “F” letter in amber, or
‐ A distorted display, or
‐ A blank screen with the “INVALID DISPLAY UNIT” message in amber.
FEEDBACK MESSAGES
The DU displays the following messages in amber when the Display Management Computer (DMC)
detects a discrepancy between the parameters obtained by the DMC and the operational parameters
displayed on the DU:
‐ ”CHECK CAPT PFD” (“CHECK F/O PFD”) if the discrepancy concerns the PFD parameters
‐ ”CHECK CAPT ND” (“CHECK F/O ND”) if the discrepancy concerns the ND parameters
‐ ”CHECK EWD” if the discrepancy concerns the E/WD parameters
‐ ”CHECK SD” if the discrepancy concerns the SD parameters.
In addition, if the aircraft is on ground, the “DU NOT MONITORED” message is displayed in amber
when there is only one DMC, instead of two DMCs, that provides the affected DU with feedback
information.
This message means that there is either a DMC test in progress or that there is an EIS failure.
In the case of an EIS failure, a maintenance action is necessary.
The DU displays the following messages along with a caution on the ECAM E/WD when there is a
discrepancy between the parameters displayed on the Captain’s EFIS and the First Officer’s EFIS:
‐ Both PFDs display the message “CHECK ATT” if there is a discrepancy of at least 5 ° between the
attitude values, pitch and/or roll
‐ Both PFDs display the message “CHECK ALT” if there is a discrepancy between the altitude
values greater than 250 ft when the flight crew selects a QNH different from STD, or 500 ft when
the flight crew selects a QNH STD
‐ Both PFDs and NDs display the message “CHECK HDG” if there is a discrepancy of at least 5 °
between the heading values.
Note: The message “CHECK HDG” flashes for a few seconds on the NDs, and then it remains
steady. If the flight crew selects the PLAN mode on the NDs the message “CHECK HDG”
does not appear.
DU RESET
In the case of a DU reset, the message “SELF TEST IN PROGRESS” can be displayed in green
and/or the message “WAITING FOR DATA” may be displayed in green during the EIS initialization.
ECAM DU ARRANGEMENT
COLOR CODE
The ECAM display uses a color code that indicates the importance of the failure or the indication.
RED : The configuration or failure requires immediate action.
AMBER : The flight crew should be aware of the configuration or failure, but need not take
immediate action.
GREEN : The item is operating normally.
WHITE : These titles and remarks guide the flight crew, as they execute various
procedures.
BLUE : These are actions to be carried out, or limitations.
MAGENTA : These are particular messages that apply to particular pieces of equipment or
situations (inhibition messages, for example).
WARNING/CAUTION CLASSIFICATION
PRIORITY RULES
TYPES OF FAILURES
Independent : a failure that affects an isolated system or item of equipment without degrading the
performance of others in the aircraft.
Primary : a failure of a system or an item of equipment that costs the aircraft the use of other
systems or items of equipment.
Secondary : the loss of a system or an item of equipment resulting from a primary failure.
AUDIO INDICATORS
AUDIO INDICATOR
AUDIO INDICATORS MEANING DURATION
CANCELLATION (a)
CONTINUOUS
RED WARNINGS PERMANENT Press MASTER WARN lt
REPETITIVE CHIME
SINGLE CHIME AMBER CAUTION 0.5 s
A/P DISCONNECTION Second push on
1.5 s
BY TAKE OVER pb TAKE OVER pb
CAVALRY CHARGE Press
A/P DISCONNECTION
PERMANENT MASTER WARN lt
DUE TO FAILURE
or TAKE OVER pb
Landing capability
downgrade or "GPS
TRIPLE CLICK 0.5 s (3 pulses)
PRIMARY LOST" in
approach, or mode reversion
CRICKET
+
STALL PERMANENT NIL
“STALL” message
(synthetic voice)
CABIN CALL 3s NIL
EMER CABIN CALL 3 s REPEATED NIL
BUZZER 3 TIMES
MECH CALL As long as outside Press MASTER CAUT pb
pb pressed
Press
RESET key on ACP
CONTINUOUS BUZZER SELCAL CALL PERMANENT
or press
MASTER CAUT pb
"WINDSHEAR" (synthetic
WINDSHEAR REPEATED 3 TIMES NIL
voice)
"GO AROUND
Windshear ahead detected
WINDSHEAR AHEAD" PERMANENT NIL
during the landing phase
(synthetic voice)
"WINDSHEAR" (twice) Windshear ahead detected
PERMANENT NIL
(synthetic voice) during the takeoff phase
"MONITOR
Windshear ahead
RADAR DISPLAY" PERMANENT NIL
detected caution message
(synthetic voice)
ALTITUDE ALERT 1.5 s
new ALTITUDE selection or
C CHORD (Refer to DSC-31-40 or
press MASTER WARN pb
Altitude Alert) PERMANENT
Continued on the following page
GENERAL
The Engine Warning Display (E/WD) appears on the ECAM's upper Display Unit (DU).
‐ The upper part of this DU displays:
• Engine parameters (Refer to DSC-70-90 ECAM - Primary Parameter)
• Feedback messages (Refer to DSC-31-05-60 Feedback Messages)
• Fuel On Board (FOB) (Refer to DSC-28-20 ECAM Upper Display)
• Slats/Flaps' position (Refer to DSC-27-20-30 ECAM F/CTL Page)
‐ The lower part of this DU displays messages generated by the FWC:
• Warning and caution messages, when a failure occurs
• Memos when there is no failure.
The lower part of the DU, dedicated to ECAM messages, is divided into two sections that have
several lines each.
Bottom left : ‐ Primary or independent warnings and cautions, or
‐ Memo information.
Bottom right : ‐ Title of the system affected by a primary or independent warning or caution,
in the case of overflow on the bottom left part, or
‐ Secondary failure, or
‐ Memo, or
‐ Special lines (such as “AP OFF”, “LAND ASAP”).
As soon as the FWC detects a failure, and if there is no flight phase inhibition active, the E/WD
displays the title of the failure and actions that the flight crew must perform.
The action line automatically clears, when the flight crew has performed the necessary action.
Note: Some action lines do not disappear from the E/WD even after the flight crew performs the
necessary action.
INDEPENDENT FAILURE
If there are too many ECAM messages for the amount of space available in the lower part of
the E/WD, a green arrow appears at the bottom of the display, pointing down to show that the
information has overflowed off the screen. The pilot can scroll down to view additional messages
by pushing the CLR pushbutton on the ECAM control panel (on the pedestal, just below the lower
ECAM DU).
FLIGHT PHASES
GENERAL
The FWC divides its functions according to these ten flight phases :
To improve its operational efficacy, the computer inhibits some warnings and cautions for certain
flight phases. It does so to avoid alerting the pilots unnecessarily at times when they have high
workloads, such as during takeoff or landing. In these two phases, the DU displays magenta
memos : “T.O. INHIBIT” (flight phases 3, 4, and 5), and “LDG INHIBIT” (flight phases 7 and 8).
Note: These flight phases are different from and independent of the ones that the FMGC uses.
FLIGHT PHASE INHIBITION
Two cases are possible (for instance) :
Effect on E/WD :
(a) The failure occurs during phase 1. The E/WD displays the warning immediately and
continues to display it as long as the failure is present, even in phase 2.
(b) The failure occurs during phase 2. The E/WD displays the warning only when the aircraft has
entered phase 3, where it is not inhibited. Then the warning remains displayed as long as the
failure is present.
MEMOS
DISPLAY
Memos appear in the lower part of the E/WD. They are normally in green, but may be amber in
abnormal situations.
Memos list functions or systems that are temporarily used in normal operations.
Each chapter of the “Warning and Cautions” section of this manual lists memo messages.
(*) This line disappears when the test is completed. It is replaced by “TO CONFIG NORMAL”, if
aircraft configuration is correct.
The test is requested again, if the configuration becomes abnormal.
(*) “CONF 3” is displayed in alternate or direct law, or if the GPWS LDG FLAP 3 pushbutton is
ON.
CONFIGURATION WARNINGS
The following warnings and cautions appear in the lower part of the E/WD if the aircraft is not in
takeoff configuration when the flight crew presses the TO CONFIG pushbutton on the ECAM control
panel or applies takeoff power.
GENERAL
SYSTEM PAGES
The lower ECAM DU can display 12 system pages (For description see relevant FCOM chapter):
‐ ENGINE (secondary engine parameters)
‐ BLEED (air bleed)
‐ CAB PRESS (cabin pressurization)
‐ ELEC (electric power)
‐ HYD (hydraulic)
‐ FUEL (fuel)
‐ APU (auxiliary power unit)
‐ COND (air conditioning)
‐ DOOR/OXY (doors/oxygen)
‐ WHEEL (landing gear, braking, ground spoilers, etc.)
‐ F/CTL (flight controls)
‐ CRUISE (cruise)
The pilot may manually call up a system page for display on the lower ECAM DU, or the system may
automatically display a page.
‐ Manual:
• The pilot can, at any time, use the pushbutton on the ECAM's control panel to call up and
display any system page, except the CRUISE page.
• The corresponding pushbutton on the ECAM control panel lights up.
• A failure-related or advisory display automatically replaces a page the pilot has manually called
up.
‐ Automatic, related to a failure:
• The relevant system page automatically appears, as soon as any fault or malfunction triggers a
caution or warning message.
‐ Automatic, advisory:
• The relevant system page automatically appears, when a parameter drifts out of its normal
range.
• The value (shown in green) pulses, as long as it is outside its limits.
• The advisory mode is inhibited in some flight phases.
• Phase 2 : The F/CTL page replaces the WHEEL page for 20 s when either pilot moves his
sidestick (more than 3 ° in pitch or roll) or when the rudder pedal deflection is more than 22 °.
• The APU page appears when the APU MASTER switch is ON. It disappears when APU RPM
has been above 95 % for 10 s, or when the APU MASTER switch is switched OFF.
• The ENGINE page appears at the beginning of start sequence or when a pilot selects “CRANK”.
It disappears 10 s after the end of the start sequence, when the ENG MODE sel is set to
NORM.
For a description of the ENGINE and AIR indications that appear when the SD is displaying the
CRUISE page, see the relevant FCOM chapter.
STATUS PAGE
The status page displays an operational summary of the aircraft status after the SD has displayed a
failure. As shown in the illustration above, the summary includes:
If the STATUS page holds messages in the MAINTENANCE, part on engine shutdown, the
“STS” (status reminder) flashes on the E/WD screen.
The screen displays the MAINTENANCE, only when the aircraft is on ground, before engine start-up
or after engine shutdown (Phases 1 and 10).
PERMANENT DATA
(1) Temperature
The screen displays the Total Air Temperature (TAT) and Static Air Temperature (SAT) in
green.
International Standard Atmosphere temperature (ISA) is displayed in green, in standard altitude
mode and when the SAT is valid.
(2) G LOAD
The screen displays one of the following items:
‐ Load factor (G LOAD) in amber, when the value is above 1.4 g or, below 0.7 g. The G LOAD
amber indication remains displayed 5 s after the excessive load occurrence. The display of
the load factor is inhibited during flight phases 1, 2, 3, 9 and 10.
‐ ”CHECK CAPT (F/O) PFD”, “CHECK CAPT (F/O) ND” or “CHECK SD” all in amber (Refer to
DSC-31-05-20 Cockpit Arrangement).
Note: The display of the feedback messages takes priority over the load factor indication.
(3) UTC
The screen displays the Universal Time Coordinated (UTC), synchronized with the cockpit
clock, in green.
(4) GW
The screen displays the Gross Weight (GW) in green, as soon as the flight crew starts the first
engine. The last two digits are dashed, if accuracy is degraded. On ground, blue dashes are
displayed instead of the indication, if no computed data is available.
If a parameter value on any SD page is not available for display, amber crosses "XX" appear instead
of the value.
GENERAL
COCKPIT INDICATIONS
‐ A single chime sounds
‐ Both MASTER CAUTION lights come on, and stay on
‐ A FAULT light, on the overhead HYD panel, comes on
‐ The memo space on the E/WD displays the “HYD B RSVR OVHT” message, and the “BLUE
ELEC PUMP . . . . . OFF” instruction
‐ The lower ECAM display (SD) automatically calls up the hydraulic system's diagram, and
displays “OVHT” in amber next to the blue system
‐ The ECAM's CLR pushbutton lights up.
The flight crew switches off the BLUE ELEC PUMP pushbutton, depressurizing the blue hydraulic
circuit.
COCKPIT INDICATIONS
‐ A single chime sounds.
‐ Both MASTER CAUTION lights stay on.
‐ A FAULT/OFF light, on the overhead panel, comes on.
‐ The second part of the message on the E/WD changes to “B SYS LO PR”.
‐ The SD's system diagram shows an amber zero for the pressure in the blue system, along with
the amber “OVHT”.
‐ The right side of the memo area indicates a secondary failure in the flight control system.
‐ The ECAM control panel's CLR pushbutton remains on.
COCKPIT INDICATIONS
‐ The CLR pushbutton stays on.
‐ The FAULT/OFF light stays on.
‐ Hydraulic system messages disappear from the E/WD, and the right side of the memo area
indicates a secondary failure in the flight control system.
‐ The SD automatically calls up the flight control system page, with surface actuator indications
(associated with the blue hydraulic system) shown in amber.
COCKPIT INDICATIONS
‐ The ECP's CLR and STS pushbuttons light up.
‐ The FAULT/OFF lights stay on.
‐ The E/WD's memo area returns to normal.
‐ The STATUS page automatically appears on the SD, displaying the procedures for completing
the flight with a faulty blue system.
COCKPIT INDICATIONS
‐ The CLR pushbutton light goes off.
‐ The FAULT/OFF lights stay on.
GENERAL
The OEB reminder function provides operational help to the crew by enabling them to clearly identify
(on the ECAM) all procedures and status messages affected by an OEB.
When a situation leading to a warning/caution occurs, a message informs the crew in real time that
an OEB exists for the displayed warning and/or status and, consequently, that the procedure and/or
status presented on the ECAM is not applicable.
Then the crew must refer to the QRH where the correct information is provided.
DESCRIPTION
COCKPIT INDICATION
OEB DATABASE
The OEB database lists the warnings and cautions affected by an OEB.
The OEB database can be :
• Loaded manually on the aircraft via the MCDU, and stored in both FWCs.
• Crossloaded from one FWC to the other FWC.
• Updated by entering a code via the MCDU.
• Checked via the MCDU.
Note: The code provided on the OEB is designed to ensure that the OEB database is not updated
before the OEB is available.
(3) RCL pb
If the flight crew pushes the RCL pb , the E/WD displays:
‐ All warning, caution messages, and status pages that have been suppressed by the
activation of the CLR pb, and
‐ All the alerts that are still active but inhibited in the whole active flight phase.
If there are no suppressed warnings or cautions, the E/WD shows “NORMAL” for 5 s.
If the flight crew holds this pushbutton down for more than 3 s, the E/WD displays any caution
messages that were suppressed by the EMER CANC pb.
(4) STS pb
The pilot pushes this pushbutton to display the STATUS page on the lower SD. The pushbutton
remains lit, as long as the SD displays the STS page. If the system has no status messages,
the status page displays “NORMAL” for 5 s.
The pilot can clear the STATUS page by pushing the CLR pb, or by pushing the STS pb a
second time.
When only one ECAM display is on :
‐ It displays the STATUS page only when the pilot pushes the STATUS pushbutton and holds
it. He can display the next STATUS page, if any, by releasing the pushbutton and pushing it
again (before 2 s have elapsed). The new page then appears after a short delay.
‐ The pilot can keep the STS pb pressed to display the STATUS page for a maximum of
3 min, after which the ECAM automatically displays the engine/warning page.
(5) CLR pb
This pushbutton remains lit as long as the E/WD is displaying a warning or caution message, or
a status message on the SD.
If it is lit, pressing it changes the ECAM display.
(6) ALL pb
When this pushbutton is pressed and held down, the SD successively displays all the system
pages at one-second intervals.
If the ECAM control panel fails, the pilot can use this pushbutton to page through the system
pages until he comes to the one he wants to look at. He then releases the pushbutton to select
that page.
SWITCHING PANEL
ON PEDESTAL
ATTENTION GETTERS
GENERAL
The Primary Flight Display (PFD) provides the following information to the flight crew:
‐ Attitude and guidance
‐ Airspeed
‐ Altitude (BARO and radio) and vertical speed
‐ Heading and track
‐ FMGS modes (Flight Mode Annunciator)
‐ Vertical and lateral deviations
‐ Radio navigation information (ILS, DME).
The FWC monitors main parameters such as attitude, heading, and altitude. For more information,
Refer to DSC-31-40 Flags and Messages Displayed on PFD.
ATTITUDE DATA
In case of engine failure at takeoff or go around, the sideslip index changes from yellow to blue.
Note: The sideslip target is blue, if:
‐ CONF 1, 2, or 3 is selected, and
‐ Any ENG N1 > 80 %or one Thrust Lever > MCT (≥ FLX if FLX or DERATED TO),
and
‐ The difference between the ENG N1’s exceeds 35 %.
In this case, the sideslip index is called β target.
When this index is centered with the roll index, the sideslip equals the sideslip target for
optimum aircraft performance.
AIRSPEED
ALTITUDE
ALTITUDE (CONT'D)
It is displayed:
‐ during flight phases 7 and 8 and
‐ if the STD reference mode is not selected.
(3) Ground reference
A red ribbon on the right of the altitude scale represents the field elevation. This ribbon, which
is driven by the radio altimeter signal, is displayed below 570 ft.
It moves up, as does the lower line of the attitude sphere, with the altitude scale as the aircraft
descends. When the aircraft has touched down, the top of this ribbon is at the middle of the
altitude window.
VERTICAL SPEED
The displayed vertical speed information is normally based on both inertial and barometric data. If
inertial data is not available, it is automatically replaced by barometric information.
In this case, the window around the numerical value becomes amber.
If the V/S is greater than 6 000 ft/min, the pointer stays at the end of the scale.
(2) Digital indication
This number, normally in green, is the vertical speed in hundreds of feet per minute.
It disappears, if the vertical speed is less than 200 ft/min.
The analog pointer and the digital indication become amber, if:
• V/S is greater than 6 000 ft/min, (climb or descent)
• V/S is greater than 2 000 ft/min, during descent when 1 000 ft < RA < 2 500 ft, or
• V/S is greater than 1 200 ft/min, during descent and RA < 1 000 ft.
Note: For TCAS, refer to DSC / 34.Navigation / 80.TCAS / 20.Controls and Indicators.
HEADING
The index is replaced by digits on the right or left side of the scale, when the selected value is
off the scale.
If the FD pushbutton is OFF, a second heading/track symbol appears on the horizon line, and
markers are displayed every 10 °.
(3) Actual Track Symbol
This symbol is a small green diamond.
The flight path vector represents the lateral and vertical trajectory of the aircraft with respect to
the ground.
‐ On the lateral scale, it indicates the aircraft’s track.
‐ On the vertical scale, it indicates the aircraft’s flight path angle.
Example : The aircraft flies a track of 009 ° (heading 360 °, wind from west) and descends
with a flight path angle of minus 7.5 °.
GUIDANCE
Two completely different flight director modes are available, each with its own characteristic symbols.
The symbol displayed corresponds to the basic operating reference the pilot has selected – either
HDG V/S or TRK FPA.
In normal operation, PFD1 displays FD1 orders.
If FD1 fails, PFD1 automatically displays FD2 orders on PFD1, the FD2 indication in the right column
of the FMA flashes for a few seconds.
This is also applicable to FD2 orders, that are displayed on PFD2.
IF THE CREW HAS SELECTED HDG V/S TO BE THE BASIC REFERENCE:
The PFD displays FD bars in green. They automatically move out of view at touchdown in ROLL
OUT mode.
They flash for 10 s, and then remain steady, if the following occur:
‐ A reversion to the HDG V/S basic mode (manual or automatic), or
‐ The selected flight level is changed, when ALT CAPTURE mode is engaged, or
‐ The loss of LOC or G/S in LAND mode or loss of LAND mode, or
‐ At the first AP or FD engagement.
The PFD displays a yaw bar in green below 30 ft radio height, if a localizer signal is available:
‐ During takeoff (in RWY mode)
‐ Upon landing (in FLARE and ROLL OUT mode).
TRAJECTORY DEVIATION
ILS APPROACH
For a detailed discussion of legends and messages that may appear during FMGS operations, see
FLIGHT GUIDANCE chapter (Refer to DSC-22_30-100 Flight Mode Annunciator (FMA) - General).
ALTITUDE ALERT
The FWC generates an altitude warning (C chord sound and PFD’s altitude window pulses in yellow
or flashes in amber), when the aircraft approaches a preselected altitude or flight level, or when it
deviates from its selected altitude or flight level.
This warning results from a comparison between the altitude (ADIRS) and the preselected altitude
displayed on FCU.
‐ Selecting a new altitude, or pushing the ECAM’s EMER CANC pushbutton, or pressing either
MASTER WARN pushbutton, cancels the continuous C chord.
‐ Selecting a new altitude stops the flashing of the altitude window.
‐ The altitude alert is inhibited:
• When the slats are out, with the landing gear is selected down, or
• In approach after the aircraft captures the glideslope, or
• When the landing gear is locked down.
GENERAL
A backup speed scale and a backup altitude scale replace simultaneously the normal speed and
altitude scales when all the three ADRs are switched OFF. This enables the flight crew to fly at a
safe speed and altitude in case of an unreliable speed/altitude indication.
The backup speed scale information is based on the angle–of–attack, and depends on the slat/flap
configuration.
The backup altitude scale displays the GPS altitude.
BACKUP SPEED SCALE
GENERAL
There are five different displays (five modes to display navigation information) :
‐ ROSE LS
‐ ROSE VOR
‐ ROSE NAV
‐ ARC
‐ PLAN
The Navigation Display (ND) can provide a weather radar image in all modes, except PLAN.
ROSE MODES
“TRUE” appears at the top of the compass rose, when it is displaying true heading instead of
magnetic heading (latitude above 73 ° North or 60 ° South).
(3) Selected heading or track (blue)
This pointer shows the heading or track indicated on the FCU's HDG TRK counter.
(4) Actual aircraft track (green)
This symbol is a small green diamond.
(5) Ground speed and true air speed (green)
ADIRS furnishes these speeds.
(6) Wind direction and speed
ADIRS provides the wind direction and speed. The digital direction and the analog direction
(green arrow) indicate the north reference that is in use. The green arrow only appears, if the
wind speed is above two knots.
If the display does not receive either wind speed or direction, dashes replace the numbers on
the display.
(7) NAVAIDs
When the ADF-OFF-VOR selector switch on either the pilot's or copilot's EFIS control panel is
set to ADF or VOR, the onside ND displays the following characteristics of the corresponding
NAVAID in white for VOR or in green for ADF (left side for receiver 1 and right side for receiver
2):
‐ Type of NAVAID (ADF or VOR)
‐ Shape and color of the associated bearing pointer (if the bearing pointer is in view).
‐ NAVAID identification (or frequency by default)
‐ DME distance if a DME is collocated with the selected VOR. ADF and DME distance are
never displayed at the same time.
‐ Mode of tuning
• M for a NAVAID tuned manually by the pilot through the MCDU (underlined and dimmed),
• R for a NAVAID tuned from an RMP (Radio Management Panel) (underlined and
dimmed),
• Nothing for a NAVAID tuned automatically by the FMGC.
If reception fails, the ND stops displaying the associated data (except for the identification or
frequency).
(8) Bearing pointer (green for ADF, white for VOR)
This pointer appears when bearing data is available.
If the aircraft is not receiving the beacon or if a receiver fails, the associated bearing pointer
disappears.
ROSE LS MODE
ROSE NAV and ARC modes give the pilot the same information, but ARC mode limits it to the
forward 90 ° sector.
(3) Waypoint
The ND can display various kinds of waypoints:
Flight plan waypoints
The ND displays these as green diamonds (white, for TO waypoints). When the flight
crew selects the WPT option on his EFIS control panel, all waypoints other than flight plan
waypoints are displayed in magenta.
Pseudo waypoint
Point of the flight path where the aircraft is predicted to reach a selected altitude or speed.
Pseudo
Definition
waypoint
Level symbol (top of climb or level-off position), when the aircraft reaches:
‐ The FCU-selected altitude (blue arrow), or
‐ The constrained altitude, if it is more restrictive than the FCU altitude and if appropriate modes are
engaged (magenta)
‐ It does not appear when the aircraft is within 100 ft above, or below, the selected altitude.
(4) TO waypoint
This is the next waypoint to be overflown.
This area of the screen also shows:
‐ Waypoint identification (white)
‐ Track to go (green)
‐ Distance to go (green)
‐ Estimated time of arrival (green), assuming the aircraft will fly directly from its present
position to the TO waypoint at the current ground speed.
(5) NAVAIDs
The display uses specific symbols for NAVAIDs:
DME or TACAN
VOR
VOR/DME
NDB
(6) Airport
Airport included in the flight plan:
‐ If the runway is not specified, the airport is represented by a star and the identification is
displayed in white.
Example: * LSGG
‐ If the runway is specified, it is represented by an oriented runway symbol in white.
For shorter range scales, and if the procedure turn or the holding pattern is in the next or the
active leg, the display shows the full circuit or pattern.
PLAN MODE
This mode statically displays the flight plan legs on a map oriented to true north. The map is centered
on a map reference point, that the pilot selects by scrolling to it on his MCDU.
The map reference point is the waypoint displayed on the second line of the MCDU's F-PLN page. It
can either be the active waypoint (next waypoint to be overflown), or any other waypoint of the flight
plan.
The pilot can scroll through the overall flight plan, and display it in PLAN mode.
The pilot chooses the scale of the map with the range selector (the diameter of the outer circle
corresponds to the selected range).
Data on NAVAIDs and on their characteristics and associated bearing pointers are not available in
this mode.
EGPWS
The terrain appears in different colors and densities, in accordance with its relative height:
Note: ‐ Areas without available terrain data in the EGPWS database appear in magenta
‐ The reference altitude is computed based on the current aircraft altitude or, if
descending more than 1 000 ft/min, the altitude expected in 30 s
‐ In case of flight above the maximum elevation number, the relief between the
minimum and maximum displayed elevations is displayed by using three different
green levels.
Note: The elevations shown on the ND correspond to the terrain included in the selected
ND range, ahead of the aircraft. In ARC mode, the elevations are linked with the
terrain displayed on the ND. In ROSE mode, the elevations may not represent the
lowest and highest terrain currently displayed on the ND.
‐ The screen displays a MAP NOT AVAIL message in red for several reasons:
• The MODE CHANGE or RANGE CHANGE message has been displayed more than 6 s,
or
• The FMGC has failed, or
• The FMGC has delivered an invalid aircraft position.
‐ The screen displays a W/S SET RNG 10 nm message if a predictive windshear alert is
triggered and the range is above 10 nm.
The message is displayed in the color corresponding to the windshear alert: red for a
warning, amber for a caution
‐ The screen displays a W/S CHANGE MODE message if a predictive windshear alert is
triggered and the ND is not in ARC or ROSE mode. The message appears in red for a
warning, or amber for a caution.
(4) LOC Flag (red)
If LOC data fails, this flag flashes for 9 s, then remains steady.
(5) G/S Flag (red)
If G/S data fails, this flag flashes for 9 s, then remains steady.
(6) VOR Flag (red)
In ROSE VOR mode, when the VOR bearing is not valid, this flag flashes for 9 s, then remains
steady.
(7) VOR 1(2) or ADF 1(2) or DME 1 Flag (red)
If a navigation receiver fails, the appropriate one of these flags flashes for 9 s, then remains
steady.
(8) VOR Course Flag
If the VOR course fails, a red CRSXXX flag appears.
If there is non-computed data (NCD), a blue CRS - - - flag appears.
(9) Other messages
MAP PARTLY : In case of incomplete data transmission between the FMGC
DISPLAYED (amber) (priority criteria) and the DMC, or if the DMC cannot draw the
complete MAP.
This message is also displayed when a very long leg exists
in the flight plan. A leg is considered as “very long” when the
starting point (or endpoint) is located at more than 45 ° from the
aircraft location (45 ° of longitude or latitude).
This DMC limitation results from a compromise between
accurate drawing precision and maximum leg length that can be
displayed.
It is associated with a single chime. The radar image remains available, provided that the fault
does not affect the radar mode.
(12) GPS message (green)
This message shows the full runway name of the selected approach. It is displayed, when the
flight crew selects a GPS approach.
(13) CHECK EWD, CHECK CAPT (F/O) PFD, CHECK SD, CHECK CAPT (F/O) ND (amber)
For more information: Refer to DSC-31-05-60 Feedback Messages
Note: QFE option is a pin program installed on the FMGC. The FMGC operates using the
selected pin program (QNH or QFE), independently of the BARO reference setting
selected on the EFIS CTL panel.
(3) FD pb
Pushing this button removes the FD bars from the associated PFD (or removes the flight path
director symbol if the TRK FPA reference is selected).
The pushbutton light goes out.
Pushing it again restores the FD bars (or the FPD symbol) and the green pushbutton light
comes on.
(4) LS pb
Pushing this button displays the localizer and glide slope scales on the PFD.
Deviation symbols appear if there is a valid ILS signal.
The green pushbutton light comes on.
(5) Mode Select Switch
This switch selects a navigation display for the onside ND.
(6) Range Select Switch
This switch selects a range scale for the onside ND.
Note: If the mode or the range data fails, the default selection is the ROSE NAV mode and
80 nm range.
(7) ADF-VOR Select Switches
These switches select ADF or VOR bearing pointers and DME distance on the onside ND, as
well as the corresponding NAVAID data characteristics in any mode except PLAN mode.
(8) Optional Data Display Pushbutton
Pushing this button displays optional data in addition to the data permanently displayed in
PLAN, ARC, or ROSE NAV modes. The green pushbutton light comes on.
Only one option can be activated at a time.
CHRONOMETER
GENERAL
GENERAL
Set the UTC selector on “SET”. The minute digits flash, and the seconds’ digits are blank.
To increase data, turn the DATE/SET button clockwise.
To decrease data, turn the DATE/SET button counterclockwise.
‐ First, push on DATE/SET : To set the hour.
‐ Second, push on DATE/SET : To set the year.
DESCRIPTION
The Flight Data Recording System, which records the mandatory parameters, consists of the
following components:
‐ A Flight Data Interface and Management Unit (FDIMU)
‐ A Digital Flight Data Recorder (DFDR)
‐ A three-axis Linear Accelerometer (LA)
The FDIMU collects and processes parameters from the SDACs, DMCs, FWCs, FCDCs, BSCU, the
DFDR event pushbutton, the GND CTL pushbutton and the Clock.
It stores the mandatory flight parameters in the DFDR.
The DFDR can store the last 25 h data, at least. It stores this data on a fireproof and shockproof
device. An underwater locator beacon is attached to the DFDR.
The linear accelerometer measures the acceleration of the aircraft along each of the three axes.
The QAR is an operational recorder that stores the same data as the DFDR. However the QAR is
more accessible for the maintenance crew.
On the ground, the crew can start the recording system manually by pressing the GND CTL
pushbutton.
OVERHEAD PANEL
PEDESTAL
DESCRIPTION
The AIDS is used to monitor various aircraft system parameters in order to make maintenance easier
and to allow formulating operational recommendations.
The AIDS can generate system reports. The Airbus Standard Reports are preprogrammed reports
available at aircraft delivery. The operator can create its own reports.
The AIDS uses the Flight Data Interface and Management Unit (FDIMU) to acquire the relevant
aircraft system parameters. The FDIMU is connected to the rest of the AIDS as shown below.
The system may be programmed using the MCDUs. The crew can select any report to be displayed
on the MCDUs.
The Printer prints the flight phase programmed reports or any report selected on the MCDU.
This printing may be automatic or in response to the AIDS PRINT pushbutton.
The AIDS may send automatic reports via ACARS .
An optional Digital Recorder may be installed to extend the recording capacity.
CONTROLS ON PEDESTAL
FLT
E/WD: FAILURE TITLE AURAL MASTER SD PAGE LOCAL
PHASE
conditions WARNING LIGHT CALLED WARNINGS
INHIB
SDAC 1 + 2 FAULT 4, 5, 7, 8
SINGLE MASTER
DMC 1 (2) FAULT CHIME CAUT 3, 4, 5(1),
DMC 3 FAULT 7, 8
SDAC 1 (2) FAULT
3, 4, 5, 7, 8
FWC 1 (2) FAULT
FWC 1 + 2 FAULT NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL
DFDR FAULT
3, 4, 5, 7, 8
RECORDER SYS FAULT
OEB/FWC DISCREPANCY
FWC 1 and FWC 2 do not have the SINGLE MASTER
3 to 8
same OEBs listed in their OEB reminder CHIME CAUT
database.
(1) Inhibited only during first 15 s of Flight Phase 5.
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
LANDING GEAR
Intentionally left blank
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
LANDING GEAR
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
GENERAL
MAIN GEAR
Each main gear has twin wheels and an oleopneumatic shock absorber.
Each main wheel has an antiskid brake.
NOSE GEAR
The two-wheeled nose gear has an oleopneumatic shock strut and a nose wheel steering system.
DRAWINGS
NOSE GEAR
NORMAL OPERATION
The flight crew normally operates the landing gear by means of the lever on the center instrument
panel.
The LGCIUs control the sequencing of gear and doors electrically. One LGCIU controls one
complete gear cycle, then switches over automatically to the other LGCIU at the completion of the
retraction cycle. It also switches over in case of failure.
The green hydraulic system actuates all gear and doors. When the aircraft is flying faster than
260 kt, a safety valve automatically cuts off hydraulic supply to the landing gear system. Below
260 kt, the hydraulic supply remains cut off as long as the landing gear lever is up.
EMERGENCY EXTENSION
If the normal system fails to extend the gear hydraulically, the flight crew can use a crank to extend
it mechanically.
When a crew member turns the crank, it :
‐ isolates the landing gear hydraulics from the green hydraulic system,
‐ unlocks the landing gear doors and the main and nose main gear,
‐ allows gravity to drop the gear into the extended position.
Locking springs help the crew to crank the main gear into the locked condition, and aerodynamic
forces assist in the locking of the nose gear.
The gear doors remain open.
The flight crew can reset the emergency extension system in flight after using it for training (if
green hydraulic pressure is available).
LGCIUS
GENERAL
The LGCIUs receive position information from the landing gear, cargo door, and landing flap
systems.
LANDING GEAR
The LGCIUs receive the following information about the landing gear from proximity detectors :
‐ gear locked down or up,
‐ shock absorbers compressed or extended,
‐ landing gear door open or closed.
Failure of a proximity detector :
‐ The LGCIU detects any electrical failure in a proximity detector, and signals the associated
output to the flight position (shock absorber not compressed or landing gear uplocked).
The other LGCIU then automatically takes over control of the landing gear operation.
‐ In case of mechanical failure, the LGCIU does not modify the associated output. The effect that
such a failure has on the system depends upon which condition is signalled incorrectly.
Electrical failure of an LGCIU :
‐ The other (healthy) LGCIU takes control of the landing gear.
‐ The system does not force the outputs of the failed LGCIU to the safe (flight) condition.
• Some users will see “flight” condition.
• Some users will see “ground” condition.
CARGO DOORS
Sensors send to the LGCIUs the position of the following components :
‐ manuel selector valves,
‐ locking shaft,
‐ locking handle,
‐ safety shaft,
‐ door sills.
The LGCIUs detect electrical failures only in certain proximity switches in the cargo door system :
‐ locking shaft,
‐ locking handle,
‐ safety shaft.
When an LGCIU makes such a detection, it indicates the NON LOCKED condition for that
component.
FLAPS
The LGCIUs process the signals from four flap disconnect proximity switches, then send them to
the Slat/Flap Control Computers (SFCCs).
The LGCIUs do not monitor failures in the SFCC system.
GENERAL
The following tables present the operational effects of the proximity detectors on aircraft systems.
How to read the tables :
SYSTEM LGCIU 1 LGCIU 2 A/C IN FLT A/C ON GROUND
SERVICE INTERPHONE 6 6 ........ ........
SFCC 1(2) 5 (5) ........ ........
The above lines mean that the service interphone receives the output n° 6 from both LGCIUs, while
SFCC 1 receive the output 5 from LGCIU 1 and SFCC 2 the output 5 from LGCIU 2.
The two additional columns give the system functioning when the aircraft is in flight and on the
ground.
LGCIU 1 LGCIU 2
SYSTEM A/C IN FLT A/C ON GRND
OUTPUT OUTPUT
STROBE lts 5 On when AUTO selected Off when AUTO selected
LOGO lts 5 Off when flaps retracted On
AIRSTAIRS
3 1 Control inhibited(1) Control not inhibited(2)
GENERAL
CARGO normal control
5 normal control available
DOOR(5) not available
WATER Preselect water Preselect water
5
FILLING servicing inhibited servicing available
Continued on the following page
LGCIU 1 LGCIU 2
SYSTEM L/G UPLOCKED L/G NOT UPLOCKED
OUTPUT OUTPUT
If UP selected : (1)
If UP selected :(1)
L/G control 19 19
L/G doors will close L/G doors will not close
16 16 If UP selected :(2) If UP selected :(2)
ECAM
17 17 L/G uplocked indications L/G in transit indications
LANDING GEAR WHEEL page
18 18
16 If UP selected :(2) If UP selected :(2)
L/G indicator
17 no indication "UNLK" red indications
panel
18
(1) One valid output is sufficient.
(2) When all outputs indicate the same position.
LGCIU 1 LGCIU 2
SYSTEM DOORS FULLY OPENED DOORS CLOSED
OUTPUT OUTPUT
L/G extension or retraction L/G extension or retraction
L/G control 24 24
possible (1) inhibited (1)
20 20 Doors fully opened Doors closed indication
LANDING GEAR
ECAM 21 21 indication
WHEEL page 22 22
23 23
(1) One valid output is sufficient.
LGCIU 1 LGCIU 2
SYSTEM L/G DOWNLOCKED L/G NOT DOWNLOCKED
OUTPUT OUTPUT
TAXI/T.O
GEN lights
15 lights not inhibited lights inhibited
"NO SMOKING" and "NO SMOKING" and
COMM SIGNS 12 12 "EXIT" signs on when EXIT" signs inhibited
AUTO selected (1) when AUTO selected (2)
FLT INST WBS 15 15 active (3) inhibited (4)
VLE indication
FMGS FAC 1(2) 12 12
displayed on PFD 1(2)
no VLE indication
Continued on the following page
This panel is connected to LGCIU1, which receives signals from proximity detectors.
UNLK: comes on red if the gear is not locked in the selected position.
▿ : comes on green if the gear is locked down.
Note: This panel is connected to the LGCIU1 only, therefore, the lights on the LDG GEAR
indicator panel come on as long as the LGCIU1 is electrically supplied.
If one UNLK indication remains on, the landing gear position can be confirmed using the
WHEEL SD page (information from LGCIU 1 & 2). Only one green triangle on each landing
gear is sufficient to confirm that the landing gear is downlocked.
A two-position selector lever sends electrical signals to the two LGCIUs. These control the green
hydraulic supply to the landing gear system by means of selector valves.
When the flight crew selects UP or DOWN (and if the airspeed is below 260 kt):
‐ All landing gear doors open.
‐ Each landing gear moves to the selected position.
‐ All landing gear doors close.
EMERGENCY EXTENSION
To put the landing gear down by gravity, the flight crew must pull the gear crank out, then turn it
clockwise for 3 turns.
When the flight crew operates the crank handle, the cutout valve shuts off hydraulic pressure to the
landing gear system and depressurizes it.
(3) UP LOCK
This legend appears amber along with a caution on the ECAM if the landing gear uplock is
engaged when the landing gear is down locked.
(4) L/G CTL
This legend appears in amber along when the landing gear lever and the landing gear position
do not agree. This legend only appears when the landing gear is moving to the selected
position.
FLT
E/WD: FAILURE TITLE AURAL MASTER SD PAGE LOCAL
PHASE
conditions WARNING LIGHT CALLED WARNING
INHIB
GEAR NOT DOWNLOCKED WHEEL UNLK lt on
One gear not downlocked and L/G selected down
GEAR NOT DOWN
1. L/G not downlocked and radio height lower than
750 ft and
both engines N1 lower than 75 % (or if engine shut
down N1 of remaining engine lower than 97 %)
or
MASTER DOWN
2. L/G not downlocked and radio height lower than CRC 3, 4, 5
WARN ARROW
750 ft and both engines not at T.O. power and
flaps at 1, 2, 3 or FULL lt on LDG
or GEAR panel
NIL
3. L/G not downlocked and flaps at 3 or FULL and
both radio altimeters failed
Note: In the cases 2 and 3 above, the aural
warning can only be cancelled by the
emergency cancel pushbutton.
DESCRIPTION
A hydraulic actuating cylinder steers the nose wheel. The yellow hydraulic system supplies pressure
to the cylinder, and electric signals from the Brake and Steering Control Unit (BSCU) control it.
The BSCU receives orders from:
‐ The Captain's and the First Officer’s steering hand wheels (orders added algebraically),
‐ The rudder pedals,
‐ The autopilot.
The BSCU transforms these orders into nose wheel steering angle. That angle has the following
limits, which depend on ground speed and the origin of the orders.
ARCHITECTURE
SIDE CONSOLES
MEMO DISPLAY
When the nose wheel steering selector is in the towing position, this display shows “NW STRG
DISC” in green. The legend is amber if one engine is running.
GENERAL
The main wheels are equipped with carbon multidisc brakes, which can be actuated by either of two
independent brake systems.
The normal system uses green hydraulic pressure, whereas the alternate system uses the yellow
hydraulic system backed up by the hydraulic accumulator.
An anti-skid and autobrake system is also provided.
Braking commands come from either the brake pedals (pilot action), or the autobrake system
(deceleration rate selected by the crew).
In normal operation, a dual channel Brake and Steering Control Unit (BSCU) controls normal braking
and antiskid.
Depending on the failure, braking may revert to:
‐ Alternate braking with antiskid. This braking mode is controlled by the Alternate Braking Control
Unit (ABCU). The antiskid is controlled by the BSCU.
‐ Alternate braking without antiskid. This braking mode is fully-controlled by the ABCU.
‐ Alternate braking without antiskid on accumulator. This braking mode is fully-controlled by the
ABCU.
All the normal and alternate braking components are fully-monitored. Any detected failure is signaled
to the crew via ECAM warnings.
The BSCU performs the following secondary functions:
‐ It checks the residual pressure in the brakes,
‐ It monitors the brake temperature,
‐ It provides discrete wheel speed information to other aircraft systems.
A changeover between the two BSCU channels takes place at each DOWN landing gear lever
selection, or in case one channel fails.
The main gear wheels are fitted with fusible plugs which protect against tire burst, in the event of
overheat.
Main gear wheels are also equipped with brake cooling fans , which permit a high speed cooling
of brakes.
ANTI-SKID SYSTEM
The antiskid system provides maximum braking efficiency by maintaining the wheels at the limit of an
impending skid.
At skid onset, brake release orders are sent to the normal and alternate servovalves, as well as to
the ECAM system which displays the released brakes.
Full braking performance is achieved only with brake pedals at full deflection.
The antiskid system is deactivated below 20 kt (ground speed).
An ON/OFF switch activates, or deactivates, the antiskid and nosewheel steering systems.
PRINCIPLE
The speed of each main gear wheel (given by a tachometer) is compared to the aircraft speed
(reference speed). When the speed of a wheel decreases below approximately 0.87 times
(depending on conditions) reference speed, brake release orders are given to maintain the wheel
slip at that value (best braking efficiency).
In normal operation, the reference speed is determined by the BSCU from the horizontal
acceleration of ADIRU 1, 2 or 3.
In case all ADIRUs fail, reference speed equals the maximum of either main landing gear wheel
speeds.
ANTI-SKID PRINCIPLE
GENERAL
The purposes of this system are :
‐ to reduce the braking distance in case of an aborted takeoff
‐ to establish and maintain a selected deceleration rate during landing, thereby improving
passenger comfort and reducing crew workload.
SYSTEM ARMING
The system arms when the crew presses the LO, MED, or MAX pushbutton switch if:
‐ Green pressure is available.
‐ The anti-skid system has electric power.
‐ There is no failure in the braking system.
‐ At least one ADIRS is functioning.
Note: 1. Auto brake may be armed with the parking brake on.
2. MAX autobrake mode cannot be armed in flight.
SYSTEM ACTIVATION
Automatic braking is activated:
‐ at the command for ground spoilers extension (Refer to DSC-27-10-20 Speed Brakes and
Ground Spoilers - Speed Brake Control), for LO and MED mode.
‐ at the command for ground spoilers extension and the aircraft speed is above 40 kt, for MAX
mode.
Therefore, if the aircraft makes an acceleration stop and begins to decelerate when its speed is
under 72 kt, the automatic braking will not activate because the ground spoilers will not extend.
For autobrake to activate, at least two SEC’s must be operative.
SYSTEM DEACTIVATION
The system deactivates :
‐ When it is disarmed (Refer to DSC-32-30-10 Auto Brake - System Disarming).
‐ When the ground spoilers retract. In this case it remains armed.
SYSTEM DISARMING
The system disarms when:
‐ Flight crew presses the pushbutton switch or,
‐ One or more arming conditions is lost or,
‐ Flight crew applies enough deflection to at least one brake pedal when autobrake is active in
MAX, MED or LO mode.
‐ After take-off/touch and go.
OPERATION - GENERAL
GENERAL
There are four modes of operation :
‐ Normal braking,
‐ Alternate braking with antiskid,
‐ Alternate braking without antiskid,
‐ Parking brake.
NORMAL BRAKING
Braking is normal when :
‐ Green hydraulic pressure is available.
‐ The A/SKID & N/W STRG switch is ON.
During normal braking, antiskid operates and autobrake is available.
Braking is electrically-controlled through the BSCU :
‐ From the pilot’s pedals, or
‐ Automatically :
• On ground by the autobrake system,
• In flight when the landing gear lever is up.
The antiskid system is controlled by the BSCU via the normal servo valves.
There is no brake pressure indication in the cockpit.
Braking uses this mode when green hydraulic pressure is insufficient, and :
‐ Yellow hydraulic pressure is available.
‐ The A/SKID & N/W STRG switch is ON.
‐ The parking brake is not ON.
Braking inputs are made by the brake pedals and sent to the ABCU. Then, taking into account the
brake pedal input, the ABCU:
‐ Energizes the alternate brake selector valve to pressurize the yellow hydraulic circuit,
‐ Electrically controls the Alternate Servo Valve to obtain the correct pressure for the related
brakes.
Antiskid is controlled by the BSCU.
Brake pressure, as well as accumulator pressure, are indicated on a triple indicator located on the
center instrument panel.
PARKING BRAKE
Brakes are supplied by the yellow hydraulic system, or by accumulator pressure via the parking
brake control valve, which opens allowing full pressure application on the main gear wheel brakes.
The accumulator maintains the parking pressure for at least 12 h.
If the parking brake is activated and no yellow hydraulic or accumulator brake pressure is
available, then the normal braking system can be applied via the brake pedals.
Yellow accumulators can be pressurized by pressing the yellow electrical pump switch.
Brake pressure and accumulator pressure are indicated on a triple indicator, located on the center
instrument panel.
BRAKING SCHEMATIC
BRAKE FANS
HOT lt : This amber light comes on when the brakes get too hot. (A caution appears on
ECAM, also).
PEDESTAL
(*) Appears in green, when the ALTN BRK label is displayed, and the yellow hydraulic
pressure is available.
Appears in amber, with no arrow, when the yellow hydraulic system and the
accumulator are in low pressure.
(**) Appears in green when the alternate braking is pressurized by the yellow
accumulator.
MEMO DISPLAY
‐ If the parking brake is ON, the “PARK BRK” memo appears in green, during flight phases 1, 2,
9, and 10.
‐ If the autobrake is armed, AUTO BRK LO, AUTO BRK MED, or AUTO BRK MAX appears.
‐ If the autobrake is faulty, "AUTO BRK OFF" appears.
‐ "BRK FAN" appears in green, if the BRK FAN pushbutton is ON.
DESCRIPTION
WHEEL SD PAGE
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
LIGHTS
Intentionally left blank
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
LIGHTS
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
DSC-33-10-20 Description
Description............................................................................................................................................................... A
Schematic.................................................................................................................................................................B
GENERAL
The instrument panel has both integral instrument lighting and flood lighting.
The brightness of all panel lighting is adjustable.
Spot lights and flood lights illuminate all work surfaces and the side consoles.
Two dimmable dome lights illuminate the overall cockpit. When the batteries are supplying all
electrical power, only the right-hand dome light is on line.
DESCRIPTION
SCHEMATIC
OVERHEAD PANEL
MAINTENANCE PANEL
LATERAL WINDOW
PEDESTAL
GLARESHIELD
(1) This knob adjusts the brightness of the integral lighting on the glareshield.
(2) This knob adjusts the brightness of the FCU displays.
(3) This lighting illuminates the sliding table and map holder.
(4) This knob adjusts the brightness of the sliding table and map holder lighting.
GENERAL
SCHEMATIC
OVERHEAD PANEL
(1) BEACON sw
This switch turns on and off the two flashing red lights, one on top and one on the bottom of the
fuselage.
(2) WING sw
This switch turns on and off two beam lights on each side of the fuselage. These lights
illuminate the leading edge of the wing and the engine air intake to show if ice is accumulating
there.
(3) NAV and LOGO sw
This switch turns the navigation lights on and off.
There are dual navigation lights on each wing tip and in the APU tail cone.
Logo lights are installed in the upper surface of each horizontal stabilizer to illuminate the
company logo on the vertical stabilizer provided the main gear struts are compressed or the
flaps are extended at least 15 °.
1 : Turns on the logo lights and the first set of navigation lights.
2 : Turns on the logo lights and the second set of navigation lights.
OFF : All lights are off.
(4) NOSE sw
This switch turns the taxi and takeoff lights on and off.
TO : Turns on both taxi and takeoff lights.
TAXI : Turns on only taxi light.
OFF : Taxi and takeoff lights off.
Note: These two lights, attached to the nose gear strut, go off automatically when landing
gear is retracted.
(5) L and R LAND sel
These selectors control the landing light.
ON : Extends the (left or right) landing light which comes on automatically when
fully extended.
OFF : Shut off the landing light but leaves it extended.
RETRACT : Retracts the landing light and shuts it off.
(6) RWY TURN OFF sw
This switch turns the runway turn-off lights on and off.
Note: These lights go off automatically when landing gear is retracted.
(7) STROBE sw
This switch turns on and off the three synchronized strobe lights, one on each wing tip and one
below the tail cone.
ON : The strobe lights flash white.
AUTO : The strobe lights come on automatically when the main gear strut is not
compressed.
OFF : The strobe light are off.
GENERAL
The escape slides have an integral lighting system. The escape slide lights and the overwing route
lights come on automatically, when the slide is armed and the door or emergency exit is open. They
are supplied by the internal batteries.
OVERHEAD PANEL
MEMO DISPLAY
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
NAVIGATION
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AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
NAVIGATION
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
DSC-34-10 ADIRS
DSC-34-10-10 Description
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
PROBES LOCATION...............................................................................................................................................B
PROBES SCHEMATIC............................................................................................................................................C
ADIRS Schematic.................................................................................................................................................... D
DSC-34-15 GPS
DSC-34-15-10 Description
Description............................................................................................................................................................... A
DSC-34-30-20 Navaids
VOR..........................................................................................................................................................................A
ILS............................................................................................................................................................................ B
ADF.......................................................................................................................................................................... C
DME......................................................................................................................................................................... D
MARKER BEACON................................................................................................................................................. E
DSC-34-50 ATC
DSC-34-50-10 Description
Description............................................................................................................................................................... A
DSC-34-70 GPWS
DSC-34-70-10 Description
Description............................................................................................................................................................... A
Schematic.................................................................................................................................................................B
Continued on the following page
DSC-34-80 TCAS
DSC-34-80-10 Description
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
Main Components....................................................................................................................................................B
Principle................................................................................................................................................................... C
Intruder Classification.............................................................................................................................................. D
TA/RA Thresholds....................................................................................................................................................E
TCAS Modes............................................................................................................................................................F
Advisory Inhibition................................................................................................................................................... G
GENERAL
The Air Data and Inertial Reference System (ADIRS) supplies temperature, anemometric, barometric
and inertial parameters to the EFIS system (PFD and ND) and to other user systems (FMGC,
FADEC, ELAC, SEC, FAC, FWC, SFCC, ATC, GPWS, CFDIU, CPC).
The system includes:
‐ Three identical ADIRU’s (Air Data and Inertial Reference Units).
Each ADIRU is divided in two parts, either of which can work separately in case of failure in the
other:
• The ADR part (Air Data Reference) which supplies barometric altitude, airspeed, mach, angle of
attack, temperature and overspeed warnings.
• The IR part (Inertial Reference) which supplies attitude, flight path vector, track, heading,
accelerations, angular rates, ground speed and aircraft position.
‐ One ADIRS control panel (ADIRS MSU) on the overhead panel for selection of modes (NAV, ATT,
OFF).
The IR is initialized with the FMGS.
‐ Two GPS receivers, which are connected to the IR part of the ADIRU’s for GP/IR hybrid position
calculation.
‐ Four types of sensors:
• Pitot probes (3)
• Static pressure probes (STAT) (6)
• Angle of attack sensors (AOA) (3)
• Total air temperature probes (TAT) (2)
These sensors are electrically heated to prevent from icing up.
‐ Eight ADMs (Air Data Modules) which convert pneumatic data from PITOT and STAT probes into
numerical data for the ADIRUs.
‐ A switching facility for selecting ADR 3 or IR 3 for instrument displays in case of ADIRU 1 or 2
failure.
PROBES LOCATION
PROBES SCHEMATIC
ADIRS SCHEMATIC
OVERHEAD PANEL
PEDESTAL
FLIGHT PHASES
MEMO DISPLAY
‐ ”IRS IN ALIGN X MN” memo appears during phase 1 or 2, during IRS alignment. X MN indicates
the number of minutes remaining (1 < X < 10), until NAV mode is reached.
• Before any engine is started, “IRS IN ALIGN X MN” memo:
▪ Appears in green when at least one active IRS is being aligned,
▪ Pulses in green if the alignment of one IRS is faulty.
• When one engine is started, “IRS IN ALIGN X MN” memo appears in amber during IRS
alignment. If the alignment of one IRS is faulty, “IRS IN ALIGN X MN”memo is replaced by the
“IR NOT ALIGNED” ECAM caution.
‐ ”IR IN ATT ALIGN” appears in green during the IR alignment in Attitude mode.
DESCRIPTION
NORMAL OPERATION
In normal operation, the GPS receiver 1 supplies ADIRU 1 and ADIRU 3, the GPS receiver 2
supplies ADIRU 2.
The MMR operates in different modes which are indicated on the GPS MONITOR page:
If one GPS receiver fails, the three ADIRUs automatically select the only operative GPS receiver.
If ADIRU 1 fails, ADIRU 3 is supplied by MMR 1, and ADIRU 2 by MMR 2.
To maintain Side 1 and Side 2 segregation, in case ADIRU 2 fails, the ATT HDG selector has to be
set to F/O 3, so that ADIRU 3 will be supplied with MMR 2 data.
If two ADIRUs fail, the remaining ADIRU is supplied by its own side GPS receiver.
FLIGHT PHASES
COMPASS
INTRODUCTION
The Integrated Standby Instrument System (ISIS) provides a third source of information and display
to the crew. It is mounted in the center of the instrument panel.
ARCHITECTURE
GENERAL
ATTITUDE
The markers are at 0 (small yellow triangle), 10, 20, 30, 45, 60 ° of bank.
(3) Roll index
The roll index indicates the bank angle. It is in black, and outlined in white.
(4) Lateral acceleration index
Lateral acceleration index indicates the aircraft’s lateral acceleration. It is represented by a
trapezoidal index that moves beneath the roll index.
(5) Pitch scale
The pitch scale indicates the aircraft attitude, and it is in white. The scale has markers every
2.5 °, between 30 ° nose up and 30 ° nose down. If the pitch exceeds 30 °, large (V-shaped)
red arrowheads indicate that the attitude is excessive. They also indicate the direction to follow,
to resume normal attitude. The minimum displayed pitch scale is -17.5 ° +15 ° at 0 ° pitch.
(6) ATT RST pushbutton
Attitude indication is reset, by pressing “ATT RST” for at least 2 s. The aircraft must be
level, during this procedure. During the reset time (approx. 10 s), the “ATT 10 s” message is
displayed on the screen. “ATT RST” is also used to realign the system, if excessive aircraft
movement is detected during the alignment phase, or after 350 h of continuous electrical
supply.
AIRSPEED
ALTITUDE
BUGS FUNCTION
FLAGS
GENERAL
AUTOMATIC TUNING
In normal operation, the FMGC tunes navaids automatically, with each FMGC controlling its own
receivers.
If one FMGC fails, the remaining one controls both sides receivers.
MANUAL TUNING
The crew can use the MCDU to override the FMGC’s automatic selection and tuning of navaids and
select a specific navaid for visual display.
This does not affect the automatic function of the FMGC. Any entry on one MCDU is sent to both
FMGC in dual mode, or the remaining FMGC in single.
BACK UP TUNING
If both FMGCs fail, the flight crew can use the RMPs (Radio Management Panels 1 and 2) on the
pedestal for back up tuning.
The CAPT RMP controls VOR 1 and ADF 1 .
The F/O RMP controls VOR 2 and ADF 2 .
Either RMP controls both ILSs (provided NAV back up is selected on RMP 1 and RMP 2). RMP 3
is not used for navaids tuning.
ARCHITECTURE
NORMAL OPERATION
FMGC 1 FAILURE
BACK UP TUNING
VOR
ILS
The aircraft has two ILS receivers. Each ILS receiver is integrated in a modular avionics unit called
MMR (Multi Mode Receiver) (ILS1 receiver in MMR1, ILS2 receiver in MMR2).
(For tuning instructions, Refer to DSC-34-30-10 General).
‐ PFD1 and ND2 display ILS1 information.
‐ PFD2 and ND1 display ILS2 information.
‐ The flight crew can put the same ILS information on each PFD by pressing the LS button on the
EFIS control panel (the green bars come on).
‐ The NDs display ILS information, if the flight crew selects the ROSE LS mode on the EFIS control
panel (Refer to DSC-31-50 EFIS Control Panel).
ADF
DME
MARKER BEACON
The PFD displays the outer, middle, and inner marker signals (Refer to DSC-31-40 Trajectory
Deviation - ILS Approach).
(1) ON/OFF sw
This switch controls the power supply to the panel.
GENERAL
INDICATIONS ON PFD
GENERAL
The FWC generates a synthetic voice for radio height announcement below 2 500 ft. These
announcements come through the cockpit loudspeakers, even if the speakers are turned off.
Note: The reference altitude for callouts is the radio height for precision approaches (DH), and
baro altitude (MDA/MDH) for non precision approaches.
Pin programming enables Operators to select the required callouts. If the aircraft remains at a
height that is in the detection zone for a height callout, the corresponding message is repeated at
regular intervals.
RETARD ANNOUNCEMENT
The loudspeaker announces RETARD at 20 ft or at 10 ft if autothrust is active and one autopilot is
in LAND mode.
DESCRIPTION
The aircraft has two ATC transponders which are controlled by a dual control box on the center
pedestal.
Only the selected ATC transponder operates.
The associated ADIRS (1 for transponder 1, etc ...) supplies the altitude for altitude reporting.
The ATC transponder is capable of enhanced surveillance: It transmits the following parameters
upon ground request:
‐ Indicated airspeed, Mach number, and baro vertical speed, that are all supplied by the ADRs.
‐ Magnetic heading, roll angle, ground speed, track angle, track angle rate, and inertial vertical
speed, that are all supplied by the IRs.
‐ Selected altitude and barometric reference settings supplied by the FCUs.
In the case of an ADR (1 or 2) failure, ADR 3 replaces the faulty ADR, when the AIR DATA
SWITCHING Selector is set to CAP on 3 or F/O on 3.
IR/FCU parameters are only transmitted to:
‐ ATC 1 by IR 1/FCU 1
‐ ATC 2 by IR 2/FCU 2
CONTROL PANEL
(6) Keyboard
The flight crew uses these pushbuttons to set the code assigned by ATC.
(7) CLR pb
The flight crew uses this pushbutton to clear the code display.
Note: As long as the four figures of the new code are not entirely written, the previous code
remains.
(8) ATC FAIL
This light comes on if the selected transponder fails.
DESCRIPTION
The aircraft is fitted with one (or two ) Multiscan weather radar system(s) with a Predictive
WindShear (PWS) function .
The flight crew can adjust the brightness of the weather image on the ND thanks the outer knob of
the ND Brightness Control knob (Refer to DSC-31-50 Other EFIS Controls).
CAUTION A low brightness setting of the weather display may reduce the visibility of weather
data, and therefore reduce crew awareness of the weather situation.
The flight crew can use the radar in either Multiscan (automatic) mode (recommended setting) or in
Manual mode.
When in Multiscan mode:
‐ The radar alternatively scans at two antenna tilt settings. The weather radar image that is
displayed is the result of the stored and combined information from each beam.
‐ When the gain selector is set to the CALibrated position (CAL), the radar automatically adjusts the
gain based on various parameters (aircraft altitude, geographical area, season, time of the day) to
obtain the best weather display.
‐ To prevent unnecessary clutter display, the “Quiet and Dark cockpit” philosophy removes the
weather that:
‐ is not on the aircraft flight path
‐ is not a threat to the aircraft (post convective cell).
‐ The Ground Clutter Suppression (GCS) function removes the ground returns from the ND.
Multiscan Principle
GENERAL
Note: If two weather radars are installed, when the selected weather radar fails, the flight crew
can recover the PWS function by selecting the operative system with the Radar sw.
The system scans the airspace for windshear within a range of 5 nm ahead of the aircraft. Below
1 500 ft, when the system detects windshear, a windshear symbol appears on the ND (Refer to
DSC-34-60-30 PWS indication on ND).
Predictive windshear warnings and cautions are associated to an aural alert and to a red (warning)
or amber (caution) "W/S AHEAD" message on the PFD, whereas windshear advisories are only
displayed on the ND (Refer to DSC-34-60-30 PWS indication on ND ) without message on the PFD.
During the takeoff roll, up to 100 kt, both warnings and cautions are available within a range of 3 nm.
During final approach, the visual and aural warning alerts are downgraded to caution alerts between
370 ft AGL and 50 ft AGL, and range between 1.5 nm and 0.5 nm.
At takeoff, alerts are inhibited above 100 kt and up to 50 ft. During landing, alerts are inhibited below
50 ft.
ND (Refer to DSC-34-60-30
Alert Level Aural Warning PFD
PWS indication on ND)
«GO AROUND
Warning (Approach) W/S AHEAD (red) Windshear icon
WINDSHEAR AHEAD»
«WINDSHEAR
Warning (Takeoff) W/S AHEAD (red) Windshear icon
AHEAD» (twice)
«MONITOR
Caution W/S AHEAD (amber) Windshear icon
RADAR DISPLAY»
Advisory Nil Nil Windshear icon
CONTROL PANEL
(1) Radar sw
Note: If only one radar is installed on the aircraft, either:
‐ a "INOP" or "DEACT" sticker replaces the "2", or
‐ a "ON/OFF" Radar sw replaces the "1/OFF/2" Radar sw.
(7) PWS sw
AUTO : Activates the predictive windshear function.
Windshear areas can be detected when radio height is below 1 500 ft, even if the
Radar sw is set to OFF.
OFF : The predictive windshear function is off.
Note: The PAC alert is available during both automatic and manual operation (MULTISCAN
sw either in AUTO or MAN position).
PWS INDICATION ON ND
FLT
E/WD: FAILURE TITLE AURAL MASTER SD PAGE LOCAL
PHASE
Conditions WARNING LIGHT CALLED WARNING
INHIB
PRED. W/S DET FAULT SINGLE MASTER
NIL NIL 3, 4, 5, 8
CHIME CAUTION
MEMO DISPLAY
The “PRED W/S OFF” message appears, when windshear is set to OFF on the weather radar
panel.
The “PRED W/S OFF”, message appears in green during flight phases 2 and 6.
It appears in amber:
‐ In flight phases 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 9
‐ When the T.O. CONFIG pb is pressed during phase 2.
DESCRIPTION
The Ground Proximity Warning System (GPWS) generates aural and visual warnings, when one of
the following conditions occurs between radio heights 30 ft and 2 450 ft.
‐ Mode 1: Excessive rate of descent
‐ Mode 2: Excessive terrain closure rate
‐ Mode 3: Altitude loss after takeoff, or go-around
‐ Mode 4: Unsafe terrain clearance when not in landing configuration
‐ Mode 5: Too far below glideslope.
In addition to the basic GPWS functions, the GPWS has an enhanced function (EGPWS) which
provides, based on a worldwide terrain database:
‐ A Terrain Awareness Display (TAD), which predicts the terrain conflict, and displays the terrain on
the ND.
‐ A Terrain Clearance Floor (TCF), which improves the low terrain warning during landing.
The EGPWS uses the geometric altitude. The geometric altitude is calculated by means of a specific
algorithm that uses the following as inputs: The pressure altitude, GPS altitude, radio altitude, and
data from the terrain database.
The cockpit loudspeakers broadcast, even if turned off, the aural warning or caution messages
associated with each mode. The audio volume of these messages is not controlled by the
loudspeaker volume knobs. (These knobs only allow volume adjustment for radio communication).
PULL UP or GPWS lights, on the Captain and First Officer instrument panels, come on to give a
visual indication depending on the engaged GPWS mode.
Note: A number of airports throughout the world have approaches or departures that are not
entirely compatible with standard GPWS operation. These airports are identified in the
envelope modulation database, in such a way that, when the GPWS recognizes such an
airport, it modifies the profile to avoid nuisance warnings.
SCHEMATIC
Mode 1 triggers aural and visual alerts about excessive rates of descent, based on the radio height,
and the rate of descent of the aircraft.
Mode 1 is active for all phases of the flight.
CAUTION WARNING
"PULL UP"
AURAL ALERT "SINK RATE, SINK RATE"
(repeated as long as MODE 1 is triggered)
Mode 2 triggers aural and visual alerts, based on the landing gear/flaps configuration of the aircraft,
the radio height, and the RA rate of change.
There are two types of Mode 2 alerts, Mode 2A (active during climb, cruise, and initial approach), and
Mode 2B (active during approach and 60 s after takeoff).
Flaps not in Landing Position + Landing Gear Up (Mode 2A)
CONFIGURATION
Flaps in landing position + Landing Gear Up (Mode 2B)
CAUTION WARNING
"PULL UP" "TERRAIN"
AURAL ALERT (repeated as long as (repeated as long as MODE
"TERRAIN, TERRAIN"
MODE 2 is triggered in 2 is triggered after leaving
the warning conditions) the warning conditions)
Mode 3 triggers aural and visual alerts when the altitude significantly decreases after takeoff, and
go-arounds with landing gear or flaps not in landing configuration.
CAUTION
"DON'T SINK, DON'T SINK"
AURAL ALERT (repeated as long as MODE 3 is triggered)
There are three types of Mode 4 alerts, Mode 4A and Mode 4B (both active during cruise and
approach), and Mode 4C (active during takeoff*).
Mode 4A and Mode 4B trigger aural and visual alerts when terrain clearance is not sufficient based
on the phase of flight, the configuration of the landing gear and the flaps, and the speed. Mode 4C
triggers aural and visual alerts based on the minimum terrain clearance and the radio height of the
aircraft. *(Only EGPWS not T2CAS)
Flaps not in landing Flaps not in landing
Landing gear
CONFIGURATION position + Landing position OR Landing
Up (Mode 4A)
gear down (Mode 4B) Gear Up (Mode 4C)
CAUTION
AURAL ALERT "TOO LOW "TOO LOW "TOO LOW "TOO LOW
"TOO LOW TERRAIN"
TERRAIN" GEAR" TERRAIN" FLAPS"
Mode 5 triggers aural and visual alerts, when the aircraft descends below the glide slope.
CAUTION
"GLIDESLOPE'"
AURAL ALERT (repeated as long as MODE 5 is triggered)
The Terrain Awareness and Display (TAD) function computes a caution and a warning envelope
in front of the aircraft, depending on the aircraft altitude, the nearest runway altitude, the distance
to the nearest runway threshold, the ground speed, and the turn rate. When the boundary of these
envelopes conflicts with the terrain, or with an obstacle memorized in the database, the system
generates the relevant alert:
ND (Refer to DSC-31-45
Alert Level Aural Warning Flags and Messages Local Warning
Displayed on ND)
‐ Automatic terrain display
TERRAIN See *
AHEAD, PULL UP ‐ Solid red areas
‐ TERR AHEAD (red)
Warning
‐ Automatic terrain display
OBSTACLE See *
AHEAD, PULL UP ‐ Solid red areas
‐ OBST AHEAD (red) On each pilot’s instrument
panel, The pushbutton
‐ Automatic terrain display light comes on.
See *
TERRAIN AHEAD ‐ Solid yellow areas
‐ TERR AHEAD (amber)
Caution
‐ Automatic terrain display
See *
OBSTACLE AHEAD ‐ Solid yellow areas
‐ OBST AHEAD (amber)
* When the TERR pb-sw ON ND is set to ON, and ARC or ROSE mode is selected, the ND displays
the terrain and the obstacles memorized in the database, depending on the aircraft’s position. The
terrain is displayed in various densities of green, yellow, red, or magenta, depending on the threat
(Refer to DSC-31-45 Flags and Messages Displayed on ND). If an alert is generated (caution or
warning), and TERR pb-sw ON ND is not selected, the terrain and the obstacles are automatically
displayed, and the ON light of the TERR pb-sw ON ND comes on.
Note: 1. When TERR pb-sw ON ND is selected, the weather radar image is not displayed.
2. The Geometric Altitude function can protect against certain BARO setting errors,
provided the components used to compute the Geometric Altitude are valid and accurate
enough.
3. The TAD and Terrain Clearance Floor (TCF) functions operate using the pure lateral
GPS position and, the FMS1 position as backup.
In case of low accuracy of the aircraft position computed by the EGPWS, the enhanced modes of the
EGPWS are automatically deactivated. The five GPWS modes remain active.
VERTICAL ENVELOPE
HORIZONTAL ENVELOPE
A terrain clearance floor envelope is stored in the database for each runway for which terrain data
exist. The Terrain Clearance Floor (TCF) function warns of a premature descent below this floor,
regardless of aircraft configuration.
If the airplane descends below this floor, a TOO LOW TERRAIN aural warning is announciated, and
the pushbutton light comes on, on the glareshield.
The Runway Field Clearance Floor (RFCF) provides an additional envelope protection, for runways
that are significantly higher than the surrounding terrain. It is contained in a circle within the 5.5 nm of
the runway threshold and it is based on the geometric altitude and the runway elevation.
OVERHEAD PANEL
INSTRUMENT PANELS
(2) TERR ON ND pb
These pushbutton are located on either side of the ECAM. Each pushbutton controls the onside
terrain display.
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PHASE
conditions WARNING LIGHT CALLED WARNING
INHIB
GPWS SYS 1, 3, 4, 5,
GPWS FAULT
FAULT lt 8, 9, 10
GPWS TERR DET FAULT SINGLE MASTER
NIL
The enhanced terrain detection function is CHIME CAUT GPWS TERR 1, 3, 4,
inoperative. FAULT lt 5 8,10
The basic GPWS mode 1 to 5 are still operative.
MEMO DISPLAY
GPWS FLAP 3 is displayed in green when GPWS LDG FLAP 3 pb-sw is ON.
GPWS FLAP MODE OFF is displayed in green when GPWS FLAP MODE pb-sw is OFF.
Airborne TERR STBY appears in green when the aircraft position accuracy (computed by the
EGPWS) is not sufficient to allow the enhanced TCF and TAD modes to operate. These modes
are not available until the TERR STBY memo disappears. If selected, the terrain data display on
ND is automatically deselected when the TERR STBY memo is triggered.”
TERR OFF is displayed when the TERR pb-sw is switched OFF:
‐ It appears in green in flight phase 2, before the Take Off Configuration test is launched, and in
flight phase 6.
‐ It appears in amber in flight phase 2, after the Take Off Configuration test, and in flight phases
3, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 9.
GENERAL
MAIN COMPONENTS
PRINCIPLE
The TCAS interrogates transponder of intruders. From the transponder replies, the TCAS determines
for each intruder:
‐ Its relative bearing
‐ Its range and closure rate
‐ Its relative altitude if available (ATC mode C or S)
Then the TCAS computes the intruder trajectory, the Closest Point of Approach (CPA) and the
estimated time (TAU) before reaching the CPA.
Each time the relative position of the intruder presents a collision threat, aural and visual advisories
are triggered.
TCAS optimizes vertical orders to ensure a sufficient trajectory separation and a minimal vertical
speed variation considering all intruders.
INTRUDER CLASSIFICATION
TA/RA THRESHOLDS
TCAS MODES
ADVISORY INHIBITION
ATC/TCAS PANEL
BLW : The same as ALL, except that the other intruders are displayed if within 9 900 ft
below the aircraft and 2 700 ft above.
ND INDICATIONS
The traffic is displayed in all ROSE modes and ARC mode. Only the 8 most threatening intruders are
displayed.
TCAS MESSAGES
PFD INDICATIONS
In case of RA detection, the vertical speed scale becomes rectangular and the PFD presents vertical
orders on the vertical speed scale. The vertical speed scale background is normally grey, but may be
partially replaced by green and/or red areas.
Note: ‐ The aircraft can also fly in the grey vertical speed range, without the risk of conflict
(preventive RA)
‐ The color of the digits corresponds to the appropriate area
‐ In case of RA detection, the vertical speed needle that is normally green, becomes
white.
(3) TCAS message
Appears in amber provided that the TCAS is not in standby, when the TCAS cannot deliver RA
data, or in case of an internal TCAS failure.
AURAL MESSAGES
"MAINTAIN VERTICAL SPEED, : Maintain the vertical speed indicated on the green
CROSSING MAINTAIN" area of the PFD. Indicates that you will cross through
the intruder altitude.
"CLEAR OF CONFLICT" : The range increases and separation is adequate.
Return to assigned clearance.
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PHASE
conditions WARNING LIGHT CALLED WARNING
INHIB
TCAS FAULT SINGLE MASTER Flag on PFD
3, 4, 5, 7
in case of TCAS internal failure CHIME CAUT and ND
TCAS STBY SINGLE MASTER
NIL
ALL,
in the case where the flight crew sets the NIL
CHIME CAUT except 6
TCAS on STBY in flight.
MEMO DISPLAY
TCAS STBY is displayed in green, when:
‐ ATC STBY is selected by the crew, or
‐ TCAS STBY is selected by the crew during flight phases other than 6, or
‐ ALT RPTG is selected at off, or
‐ both ATC or both RA are failed.
‐ In the case of a triple ADR failure.
TCAS STBY is displayed in amber, when the flight crew sets the TCAS on STBY in flight phase 6.
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
OXYGEN
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OXYGEN
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OPERATING MANUAL
DSC-35-10 General
Description............................................................................................................................................................... A
DESCRIPTION
GENERAL
OPERATION
The crewmember squeezes the red grips to pull the mask out of its box, and this action causes the
mask harness to inflate.
A mask-mounted regulator supplies a mixture of air and oxygen or pure oxygen, or performs
emergency pressure control. With the regulator set to NORMAL, the user breathes a mixture of cabin
air and oxygen up to the cabin altitude at which the regulator supplies 100 % oxygen. The user can
select 100 %, in which case the regulator supplies pure oxygen at all cabin altitudes.
If the situation calls for it, the user can use the emergency overpressure rotating knob and receive
pure oxygen at positive pressure.
The storage box contains a microphone lead, with a quick-disconnect, for connection to the
appropriate mask microphone cable.
Note: Each mask may have a removable film that protects the visor against scratches.
This strip is optional and may be removed from the mask at any time.
SCHEMATIC
MASK SETTING
MASK STOWAGE
OVERHEAD PANEL
STOWAGE BOX
PRESSURE REGULATOR
L3
GENERAL
The cabin’s fixed oxygen system supplies oxygen to the occupants, in case of cabin
depressurization.
Chemical generators produce the oxygen. Each generator feeds a group of 2, 3, or 4 masks.
Generators and masks are in containers above the passenger seats, in the lavatories, in each galley
, and at each cabin crew station.
OPERATION
Each container has an electrical latching mechanism that opens automatically to allow the masks to
drop, if the cabin pressure altitude exceeds 14 000 ft (+250, -750 ft). The flight crew can override the
automatic control.
When the masks are released, the passenger address system automatically broadcasts prerecorded
instructions for their use.
The generation of oxygen begins when the passenger pulls the mask towards the passenger seat.
The chemical reaction used for oxygen generation creates heat. Therefore, the smell of burning or
smoke, and cabin temperature increase, may be associated with the normal operation of the oxygen
generators. The mask receives pure oxygen under positive pressure for about 15 min, until the
generator is exhausted.
A reset is available for the rearming of the system after the masks are restowed. A manual release
tool allows crew members to manually open the doors in case of electrical failure.
SCHEMATIC
OVERHEAD PANEL
FAULT : This light comes on in white, when the door latch solenoids are energized for more
than 30 s.
MEMO DISPLAY
HI ALT : The ECAM displays this memo in green, when the crew sets the HI ALT LANDING pb
SET to ON. In this case, the passenger mask release altitude is 16 000 ft (+250 ft, -750 ft).
The flight crew smoke hood located on the right back side of the cockpit, ensures the eyes and
respiratory system protection of one flight crew member when fighting a fire and in case of smoke or
noxious gas emissions or cabin depressurization.
The smoke hood is based on a chemical air regeneration system, located at the back of the hood.
An oronasal mask allows the inhalation of regenerated air via the inhalation valves and returns the
exhaled breath to the regenerator system.
The effective time of use is between 15 and 30 min, depending on the workrate.
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
PNEUMATIC
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PNEUMATIC
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OPERATING MANUAL
DSC-36-10 Description
DSC-36-10-10 General
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
DSC-36-10-40 Crossbleed
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
X-BLEED VALVE CONTROL LOGIC......................................................................................................................B
ECAM INDICATION.................................................................................................................................................C
GENERAL
GENERAL
ARCHITECTURE
Air is normally bled from the intermediate pressure stage (IP) of engine’s high-pressure (HP)
compressor to minimize fuel penalty.
At low engine speed, when the pressure and temperature of the IP air are too low, the system bleeds
air from the HP stage and maintains it at 36 ± 4 PSI.
An intermediate pressure check valve downstream of the IP port closes to prevent air from the HP
stage from being circulated to the IP stage.
L3 The HP valve closes automatically
‐ • In case of low upstream pressure
• in case of excessive upstream pressure
‐ electrically when the bleed valve is closed electrically.
ECAM INDICATION
The bleed valve, which is downstream of the junction of HP and IP ducting, acts as a shut-off and
pressure regulating valve.
It maintains delivery pressure at 45 ± 5 PSI.
Note: Bleed pressure may fluctuate between 38 and 56 PSI (with a maximum peak to peak
pressure of 16 PSI) particularly at high engine power (takeoff or climb) up to FL 100.
If pressure regulation fails, the overpressure valve closes when the pressure goes over 85 PSI.
Note: If APU Bleed is ON and the crossbleed valve is SHUT, the Engine bleed valve 2, remains
open.
A precooler downstream of the bleed valve regulates the temperature of the bleed air.
The precooler is an air-to-air heat exchanger that uses cooling air bleed from the engine fan to
regulate the temperature to approximately 200 °C.
The fan air valve controls fan air flow.
A spring keeps the fan air valve closed in the absence of pressure.
GENERAL
Air from the APU load compressor is available on ground and in flight.
The APU bleed valve operates as a shut-off valve to control APU bleed air. It is electrically controlled
and pneumatically operated.
The APU BLEED pb-sw, on the AIR COND panel, controls the APU bleed valve. When the flight
crew selects ON with the pushbutton, APU bleed air supplies the pneumatic system, if the APU
speed is above 95 %. This opens the crossbleed valve and closes the engine bleed automatically.
A check valve near the crossbleed duct protects the APU, when bleed air comes from another
source.
GENERAL
A crossbleed valve on the crossbleed duct allows the air supply systems of the two engines to be
isolated or interconnected.
On the AIR COND panel, a rotary selector controls the crossbleed valve electrically.
Two electric motors, one for automatic mode and one for manual mode, control the valve.
In automatic mode, the crossbleed valve opens when the system uses APU bleed air. It closes, if the
system detects an air leak (except during engine start).
ECAM INDICATION
LEAK DETECTION
Leak detection loops detect any overheating near the hot air ducts in the fuselage, pylons, and
wings.
For the pylon and APU, the sensing elements are tied to form a single loop and for the wing, a
double loop.
When the two wing loops detect a leak, or when one loop detects the leak and the other one is
inoperative, they activate a wing leak signal.
BMC1 and BMC2 each contain identical control logic for the system.
‐ A wing leak signal causes :
• the bleed valve on the related side to close automatically
• the associated FAULT light on the AIR COND panel to come on
• the x-bleed valve to close automatically (except during an engine start)
• the APU bleed valve to close automatically (if it is open, and if the leak concerns the left wing)
(except during engine start)
‐ A pylon leak signal causes :
• the bleed valve on the related side to close automatically
• the FAULT light for the related engine on the AIR COND panel to come on
• the x-bleed valve to close automatically (except during an engine start).
‐ An APU leak signal causes :
• the APU bleed valve to close automatically (except during engine start).
• the FAULT light the APU BLEED pushbutton switch on the AIR COND panel to come on
• the x-bleed valve to close automatically (except during an engine start).
BMC FAILURE
If one BMC fails, the adjacent BMC takes over the monitoring of the bleed system to issue the
following ECAM warnings if necessary :
‐ overpressure
‐ overtemperature
‐ wing leak.
Nevertheless, the associated FAULT light on the AIR COND panel is lost, and the associated bleed
valve does not close automatically.
ENG BLEED LEAK warning is lost for the associated engine, as is also the APU BLEED LEAK
warning if BMC1 has failed.
OVERHEAD PANEL
FAULT : This amber light comes on, and an ECAM caution appears, when the system
light detects an APU leak.
(3) X-BLEED selector sw
AUTO : The crossbleed valve is open if the APU bleed valve is open.
The crossbleed valve is closed if the APU bleed valve is closed or, in case of a
wing, pylon, or APU leak (except during engine start).
OPEN : The crossbleed valve is open.
CLOSE : The crossbleed valve is closed.
(1) HP VALVES
Crossline - Green : HP valve normally fully closed
In line - Green : HP valve not fully closed
Crossline - Amber : HP valve not in commanded (closed) position
(2) ENGINE BLEED VALVES
In line - Green : BLEED valve normally open
Crossline - Green : BLEED valve normally fully closed
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PHASE
conditions WARNING LIGHT CALLED WARNING
INHIB
ENG 1 (2) BLEED FAULT
engine 1 (2) running and bleed air pressure >
57 PSI (+3/-0) or temperature: 1, 3, 4, 5,
> 257 °C for more than 55 s 7, 8, 10
or > 270 °C for more than 15 s
or > 290 °C for more than 5 s
L (R) WING LEAK ENG BLEED
temperature > 124 °C detected by the loops FAULT lt
ENG 1 (2) BLEED LEAK
temperature > 204 °C detected by the loop and 3, 4, 5, 7, 8
engine 1 (2) running
ENG 1 (2) BLEED NOT CLSD SINGLE MASTER
BLEED
CHIME CAUT
bleed valve not automatically closed during engine
start or with APU bleed selected
BLEED 1 (2) OFF ENG BLEED 1, 3, 4, 5,
one engine bleed switched off with no fault OFF lt 7, 8, 9, 10
APU BLEED FAULT
APU available and APU bleed valve position NIL
disagrees with selected position. 3, 4, 5, 7, 8
APU BLEED LEAK APU BLEED
temperature > 124 °C detected by the loop FAULT lt
ENG 1 (2) BLEED ABNORM PR NIL
1, 3, 4, 5,
regulated pressure is abnormal 7, 8, 10
Continued on the following page
MEMO DISPLAY
APU BLEED appears in green if the APU is available and the APU BLEED pb-sw is ON.
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
WATER / WASTE
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AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
WATER / WASTE
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OPERATING MANUAL
DSC-38-10 Description
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
Potable Water.......................................................................................................................................................... B
Wastewater System.................................................................................................................................................C
Toilet System........................................................................................................................................................... D
GENERAL
POTABLE WATER
Potable water is stored in a 200 l tank in front of the wing box behind the forward cargo compartment.
While airborne, the aircraft uses bleed air to pressurize the water system ; on the ground, it uses air
from the service panel pressure port.
Potable water is piped to the galleys and lavatories.
The system can be filled or drained from the service panel under the fuselage. Indicators on the
forward attendant’s panel and the aft service panel show how much water is in the water tank.
WASTEWATER SYSTEM
Wastewater from the galleys and from the sinks in the lavatories, drains overboard through two
anti-iced drain masts.
The forward mast drains wastewater from the forward cabin; the aft mast drains it from the aft cabin.
Differential pressure discharges the wastewater in flight, and gravity does so on the ground.
TOILET SYSTEM
Differential pressure forces waste from the toilet bowls into the waste storage tank. On ground, and
at altitudes below 16 000 ft , a vacuum generator produces the necessary pressure differential.
Clear water from the potable water system flushes the toilets.
A flush control unit, within each toilet, controls the flush sequence.
The Vacuum System Controller (VSC) furnishes operational information, such as the waste level in
the storage tank, to the Flight Attendants’ panel, and maintenance information and a test program to
the Centralized Fault Display System.
The waste tank has a usable capacity of 170 l .
Ground personnel services the waste tank via a single service panel under the fuselage.
A manual shut-off valve isolates an inoperative toilet.
ARCHITECTURE
SCHEMATIC
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
MAINTENANCE SYSTEM
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MAINTENANCE SYSTEM
A318/A319/A320/A321
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OPERATING MANUAL
DSC-45-10 Description
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
COMPONENTS........................................................................................................................................................B
MODES OF OPERATION....................................................................................................................................... C
Architecture.............................................................................................................................................................. D
FAILURE/FAULT CLASSIFICATION.......................................................................................................................E
FUNCTIONS OF THE CENTRALIZED FAULT DISPLAY SYSTEM (CFDS)..........................................................F
COCKPIT/CFDS INTERFACE................................................................................................................................ G
DSC-45-30 PRINTER
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION.........................................................................................................................................B
GENERAL
The purpose of the Centralized Fault Display System (CFDS) is to make the maintenance task easier
by displaying fault messages in the cockpit and permitting the flight crew to make some specific
tests.
There are two levels of maintenance :
at the line stop : removal and replacement of equipment
at the main base : troubleshooting
COMPONENTS
MODES OF OPERATION
ARCHITECTURE
FAILURE/FAULT CLASSIFICATION
The Centralized Fault Display System (CFDS) identifies the faulty system and puts any failures or
faults into one of three classes :
Class 1 : Failures indicated to the flight crew by means of the ECAM, or other flight deck effect.
They must be repaired or entered in the MEL (Minimum Equipment List) before the
aircraft can depart.
Class 2 : Faults indicated to maintenance personnel by the CFDS and which trigger a MAINT
status entry on the maintenance part of the ECAM status page. The aircraft can
operate with these faults, but they must be rectified within the timescale defined in the
Trouble Shooting Manual (TSM).
Class 3 : Faults indicated to maintenance personnel by the CFDS, but which do not trigger a
MAINT status. The operator may have these faults corrected at his convenience.
Failure/fault classes Class 1 Class 2 Class 3
Operational YES NO NO
consequences
Indication to the YES YES NO
flight crew Available on ECAM status
Automatically displayed
page.
‐ Warning or caution messages on
Engine
Warning Display
‐ Flag or indication in the flight
deck.
COCKPIT/CFDS INTERFACE
MAINTENANCE MENU
The CFDS uses menus displayed on the MCDU. The operator selects functions or reports from these
menus.
Pressing the MCDU MENU key and then selecting CFDS brings up the MAINTENANCE MENU page
(different pages for the aircraft in flight and the aircraft on the ground).
The LAST LEG REPORT (on the ground) or the CURRENT LEG REPORT (in flight), list all class 1
failures and class 2 faults and all system failure and system fault messages received by the CFDS
during the last flight leg or the current flight leg. Pressing the IDENT key displays a list of the systems
(called identifiers) affected by the failure or fault, which helps the pilot or maintenance person to
identify the failure or fault.
GENERAL
In flight : The CURRENT LEG ECAM REPORT displays the primary and independent
warning (class I) messages and MAINTENANCE STATUS (class II) messages
of the current flight leg.
On the ground : The LAST LEG ECAM REPORT displays the primary and independent
warning (class I) messages plus MAINTENANCE STATUS (class II)
messages of the last flight leg.
This report gives access to the POST FLIGHT REPORTS of the previous 63 flight legs.
On ground, the Operator can print copies of the screen. If ACARS is installed, the Operator can send
the flight report (Refer to DSC-45-20 Last (or Current) Leg ECAM Report - Post Flight Report Print).
AVIONICS STATUS
This screen displays the list of systems affected by a failure or fault. If a system is affected by at least
a Class 3 fault, CLASS 3 appears beside it. The display is continuously updated.
SYSTEM REPORT/TEST
This screen gives the operator access to all electronic systems. The CFDIU enters into interactive
dialogue with the selected system.
In the above example, the operator has called up menus of the selected systems :
‐ LAST or PREVIOUS LEG REPORT presents the list of Line-Replaceable Units (LRUs) affected by
a failure.
‐ LRU IDENTIFICATION contains the part numbers of all LRUs in the system.
‐ GND SCANNING runs the flight monitoring on the ground and indicates the faulty LRU.
‐ CLASS 3 FAULTS lists class 3 faults detected by the system during the last flight leg.
‐ SYSTEM CONFIGURATION presents the system configuration in a digital form.
Note: These screens (except LAST or PREVIOUS LEG REPORT) are not shown above.
GMT/DATE INITIALIZATION
A CFDIU clock is synchronized with the cockpit clock in order to keep GMT (UTC) displayed on the
ECAM lower display (except in flight Phases 1 and 2, if the weight and balance system is installed). If
the cockpit clock fails, the CFDIU clock continues to display GMT (UTC) on the ECAM lower display.
If electrical power is interrupted for more than 200 ms, the crew initializes GMT (UTC) and the DATE
via the MCDU :
‐ Write GMT (UTC) in the scratchpad, then press the “INIT GMT” key.
‐ Do the same for the month and day.
BACK UP MODE
If the CFDIU's main channel fails, the backup channel allows the CFDS to operate in backup mode :
‐ on the ground only
‐ through MCDU1
Note: The CFDIU memorizes all manual programming so that at initialisation the last configuration
will be retained.
GENERAL
With the data loading system, it is possible to upload databases and operational software, or to
download system reports from various onboard computers.
The data transfer is performed via 3.5 in disks and a portable data loader, or the aircraft fixed
Multipurpose Disk Drive Unit (MDDU).
When the data loading selector is ON, the 3 keys (NEXT, PREV, SEL CTRL) enable the display and
selection of various applicable aircraft systems (FMGC, TCAS etc...).
GENERAL
The printer prints reports from the following systems (if installed) : ACARS, AIDS, FMGC, CFDIU and
EVMU. It prints these on paper, and does so either on the ground or in flight.
The printer is installed at the rear of the pedestal on the right side.
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
(1) SLEW sw :
The SLEW switch is used to feed paper after having loaded a new roll.
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
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INFORMATION SYSTEMS
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OPERATING MANUAL
DSC-46-10 General
Introduction...............................................................................................................................................................A
System Architecture.................................................................................................................................................B
Cockpit Arrangement............................................................................................................................................... C
DSC-46-40 CNS/ATM
Introduction...............................................................................................................................................................A
INTRODUCTION
The information system manages the datalink communication and provides the flight crew with
information coming from the airline and from the Air Traffic Control (ATC).
The information system consists mainly of an Air Traffic Service Unit (ATSU), two Data-link Control
and Display Units (DCDU ) located on the left and right central panels, and two illuminated
pushbuttons “ATC MSG”.
The ATSU manages:
‐ The Air-Ground communications through the appropriate communication media (SATCOM or
VHF data radio or HF data radio).
‐ The exchange of information between the aircraft and:
• The Operator according to the Airline Operational Control (AOC) applications defined in the
ATSU, or
• The Air Traffic Control.
‐ The information display via the MCDU and the DCDU .
‐ The appropriate warning for flight crew information.
The ACARS functions are included in the ATSU.
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
COCKPIT ARRANGEMENT
INTRODUCTION
The Air-Ground communications are managed by the ATSU communication function either:
‐ automatically without pilot action,
‐ or manually using MCDU pages and/or RMPs.
The pilot controls the communications through the COMM MENU page on MCDU.
DOWNLINK MESSAGES
Aircraft to ground messages (downlink) comprise maintenance, monitoring, operational,
performance and cabin data.
Reports generated by a peripheral (CFDS, AIDS, FMS, CABIN TERMINAL) system can be
automatically downlinked by the ATSU depending on each airline AOC programming.
UPLINK MESSAGES
Ground to aircraft messages (uplink) either contain crew information (wind for example) or data
to be uploaded into the FMS (Flight plan for example). Uplinks can also contain requests for
transmission of specific downlink reports.
Messages are indicated to the crew by:
‐ “COMPANY MSG” memo (in green) on the ECAM memo, or
‐ “COMPANY CALL” memo (in green) on the ECAM memo, or
‐ “COMPANY ALERT” memo (pulses green for around 180 s , then remains steady, and is
associated with a buzzer sound for 1 s ) on the ECAM memo, or
‐ The MCDU MENU light comes on, if the MCDU is not in the mode where the uplink message
can be displayed, or
‐ A Hard copy from the cockpit printer, depending on airline's AOC programming.
Note: A steady green “COMPANY DATALINK STBY” memo is displayed, when the AOC
datalink air-ground communication is temporarily unavailable, but not lost.
Depending on the memo displayed on the ECAM, the uplink message indications are available, as
the following examples:
‐ For a "COMPANY MSG" ECAM memo:
On the AOC MENU page, pressing the [1R] key displays the received message and clears the
ECAM memo.
GENERAL
VHF 3 can be used in voice mode in case of a:
‐ VHF 1 or VHF 2 failure, or
‐ COMPANY CALL.
The green “COMPANY CALL” memo indicates that a request for voice contact was received from
the ground.
The green “VHF 3 VOICE” memo indicates that the VHF 3 tranceiver operates in voice mode.
Therefore, datalink communication is interrupted.
The voice frequency may be either tuned by the ATSU or tuned by the crew through the RMP. The
DATALINK/VOICE transfer can be done either from any of the RMPs or from the ATSU through
the VHF 3 VOICE DIRECTORY MCDU page.
RMP
DATALINK/VOICE TRANSFER FROM A RMP
ATSU
DATALINK/VOICE TRANSFER FROM THE ATSU THROUGH THE VHF 3 VOICE DIRECTORY
PAGE
DATALINK/VOICE TRANSFER ON HF 1
HF 1 can also be used in data mode. It constitutes an alternative to VHF 3 and SATCOM.
The datalink HF frequency tuning is automatically managed.
The green HF VOICE memo indicates that the HF transceiver operates in voice mode, therefore,
datalink communications are interrupted.
The datalink/voice transfer can be done from any of the RMPs as follows:
Pressing the transfer key on the RMP again returns to voice mode.
INTRODUCTION
REMOTE APPLICATIONS
The remote AOC applications are accessible by pressing the related system key on the MCDU
MENU page.
Message/reports are processed by the AOC peripherals (FMGC, AIDS, CFDS) ; the ATSU
communication function only routes the request according to the company routing policy.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (FMGC)
Refer to DSC-22_45 General
Through the FMGC interface it is possible to access the following data:
‐ Wind data (F-PLN page)
‐ Takeoff data (uplink only)
‐ F-PLN initialization (uplink only)
‐ Pre-flight, post-flight report and ACARS print/program (downlink only).
Refer to DSC-22_20-70 Flight Plan Initialization Through ACARS
INTRODUCTION
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conditions WARNING LIGHT CALLED WARNING
INHIB
ATSU FAULT SINGLE MASTER
(Failure at ATSU initialization, if associated with CHIME CAUTION
ATSU INIT FAULT ECAM message). NIL NIL 3, 4, 5, 7, 8
COMPANY FAULT NIL NIL
AOC datalink communications failure.
MEMO DISPLAY
‐ The COMPANY DATALINK STBY message is displayed in green, when AOC datalink
air-ground communication is temporarily unavailable, but not lost.
‐ The COMPANY CALL message is displayed in green, when the aircraft receives a message
from the ground requesting voice communication on VHF.
‐ The COMPANY MSG message is displayed in green, when the aircraft receives a message
from the ground.
‐ The COMPANY ALERT message is displayed in green, when the aircraft receives an uplink
alert message, or when an AOC special condition requires a pilot action on the MCDU (depends
on AOC programming). This message pulses green for 180 s, then remains steady. It is
associated with a buzzer for 1 s.
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
APU
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AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
APU
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
DSC-49-10 Description
DSC-49-10-10 General
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
GENERAL
GENERAL
The Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) is a self-contained unit that makes the aircraft independent of
external pneumatic and electrical power supplies.
On the ground
‐ It supplies bleed air for starting the engines and for the air conditioning system
‐ It supplies electrical power to the electrical system.
During takeoff
‐ It supplies bleed air for air conditioning, thus avoiding a reduction in engine thrust caused by the
use of engine bleed air for this purpose when optimum aircraft performance is required.
In flight
‐ It backs up the electrical system
‐ It backs up the air conditioning
‐ It can be used to start the engines.
The APU may obtain power for starting from the aircraft's batteries or normal electrical system, or
from ground service.
APU starting is permitted throughout the normal flight envelope (Refer to LIM-49-20 Envelope).
The ECAM displays APU parameters.
APU ENGINE
The basic element of the APU is a single-shaft gas turbine that delivers mechanical shaft power for
driving the accessory gearbox (electrical generator, starter, etc.) and produces bleed air (engine
starting and pneumatic supply).
The Electronic Control Box (ECB) is a full-authority digital electronic controller that performs the bulk
of the APU system logic for all modes of engine operation, such as :
‐ Sequences the start and monitors it.
‐ Monitors speed and temperature.
‐ Monitors bleed air.
‐ Sequences the shutdown.
‐ Controls the automatic shutdown.
The air intake and an electrically operated flap allow external air to reach the compressor inlet.
STARTER
The ECB controls the electric starter. The starter engages if the air intake is fully open and the
MASTER SW and the START pushbutton are ON.
FUEL SYSTEM
OIL SYSTEM
The APU has an integral independent lubrication system (for lubrication and cooling).
The IGVs control bleed air flow, and a fuel-pressure-powered actuator positions the IGVs.
CONTROLS
The flight crew uses the controls on the APU panel for routine shutdown. For emergency shutdown :
‐ the flight crew can push the APU FIRE handle, or
‐ the ground crew can push the APU SHUT OFF pushbutton on the interphone panel under the
nose fuselage.
The APU may run without cockpit crew supervision when the aircraft is on the ground. In case of fire
in the APU compartment :
‐ APU fire warnings operate in the cockpit.
‐ A horn in the nose gear bay sounds.
‐ The AVAIL light goes out.
‐ The FAULT light in the MASTER SW lights up.
‐ The APU shuts down.
‐ The APU fire extinguisher discharges.
OVERHEAD PANEL
(1) MASTER SW pb
This switch controls the electric power supply for APU operation, and its protective features. It
also controls the starting and shutdown sequences.
ON : The blue ON light comes on.
Electric power goes to the APU system; the ECB performs a power-up test.
The APU air intake flap opens.
The APU fuel isolation valve opens.
If no fuel tank pump is running, the APU fuel pump operates.
If the aircraft has ground power or main generator power, the APU page appears
on the ECAM display.
OFF : Manual shutdown sequence.
‐ The ON light on the MASTER SW pb, and the AVAIL light on the START pb,
go off.
‐ If the aircraft was using APU bleed air, the APU keeps running for a cooling
period of 60 s.
‐ At 7 %, the air inlet flap closes.
FAULT lt : This amber light comes on, and a caution appears on ECAM, when an automatic
APU shutdown occurs, which happens in case of:
Fire (on ground only)
Air inlet flap closed
Overspeed
No acceleration
No speed
EGT overtemperature
No flame
Underspeed
Reverse flow
Low oil pressure
High oil temperature
DC power lost (BAT OFF when aircraft on batteries only)
ECB failure
Loss of overspeed protection
Oil system shutdown
Inlet overheat
Clogged oil filter
Loss of EGT thermocouples
Note: In the case of an automatic, non–emergency shutdown, the air inlet flap closes 15 min
after the APU speed is lower than 7 %. If an automatic, non-emergency shutdown
happens on ground, the 15 min countdown starts after liftoff.
(2) START pb-sw
ON : Blue ON light comes on.
‐ When the flap is completely open, the starter is energized.
‐ 1.5 s after the starter is energized, the ignition turns on.
‐ When N = 60 %. The APU starter is de-energized. The ignition is turned off.
‐ 2 s after N reached 95 %, or when N is above 99.5 %:
The ON light on the START pb goes out.
The APU may now supply bleed air and electrical power to the aircraft
systems.
‐ 10 s later, the APU page disappears from the ECAM display.
AVAIL lt : This green light comes on when N is above 99.5 % or 2 s after N reaches 95 %.
EXTERNAL CONTROLS
(1) AVAIL
Displayed in green when APU N is above 95 %.
(2) APU bleed air valve position
Inline-Green : The APU bleed air valve is not closed.
Crossline-Green : The APU bleed air valve is closed.
Crossline-Amber : The APU bleed air valve is closed and the APU bleed is ON.
XX-Amber : The APU bleed air valve status information is not available, or the
APU BLEED pb status is not available.
(3) APU bleed air pressure
This box displays the relative bleed air pressure in green.
It shows an amber XX when the ADIRS1 is not available or selected OFF or the data from the
ECB are invalid or not transmitted.
(4) APU GEN line contactor indication
Displayed in green when the APU GEN line contactor is closed.
(5) APU GEN parameters
Identical to the APU GEN parameters on the ELEC page.
(6) FUEL LO PR
Displayed in amber if APU fuel pressure gets low.
(7) FLAP OPEN
Displayed in green when APU air intake flap is fully open.
(8) APU N
‐ Displays APU speed in green.
‐ Becomes amber when N ≥ 102 %.
‐ Becomes red when N ≥ 107 %.
(9) APU EGT
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INHIB
AUTO SHUT DOWN
automatic shut down of APU for a reason other
than a fire.
APU
EMER SHUT DOWN SINGLE CHIME
MASTER
APU MASTER
3, 4,
use of APU shut off pushbutton on external CAUT 5, 7, 8
SW FAULT lt
power panel or APU FIRE pushbutton pushed.
In case of APU fire on ground, the APU FIRE
warning is triggered.
MEMO DISPLAY
APU AVAIL appears in green when APU N is above 95 %.
Note: When the system is in electrical emergency configuration, battery contactors automatically
close for a maximum of 3 min when the APU MASTER SW is ON.
When the aircraft is in flight, and when the system is in electrical emergency configuration,
the APU start is inhibited for 45 s.
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
DOORS
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AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
DOORS
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
DSC-52-10 Description
DSC-52-10-10 General
Description............................................................................................................................................................... A
DESCRIPTION
GENERAL
The aircraft has four plug-type doors that open outward and forward. There are two of these on each
side of the fuselage (two forward, two aft).
They can be operated from inside or outside the aircraft. Normal operation is manual, with hydraulic
damping.
Each door has features that tailor it to emergency situations :
‐ An escape slide stowed in a container attached to the inboard lower side of the door
‐ A damper actuator that limits door travel in normal mode, but in an emergency acts as an actuator
for automatic door opening
‐ A slide arming lever.
When the slide arming lever is in the ARMED position, the slide is connected to the floor brackets on
both sides of the door. When the door is opened, the slide inflates and deploys automatically. If the
inflation bottle fails to discharge automatically, a crew member can open its valve to make it perform
its function.
Opening the door from the outside disarms the door and the escape slide.
Each passenger door has :
‐ A mechanical locking indicator that shows whether the door is locked or unlocked
‐ One warning light to show whether the escape slide is ARMED or DISARMED
‐ One CABIN PRESSURE warning light that warns of residual pressure in the cabin.
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
COCKPIT
The two sliding windows in the cockpit are flight crew emergency exits.
A small compartment, located above each window, contains an escape rope that is long enough to
reach the ground when lowered through either sliding window.
The cockpit windows can only be opened from the inside.
Emergency cockpit evacuation is also possible through the cockpit door escape panel. It is designed
to be pushed open in the direction of the cabin after removal of the quick-release pins.
CABIN
In case of an emergency, two inward opening emergency exits are provided on each side of the
cabin, in addition to the regular cabin doors. They are also equipped with an escape slide.
The slides of the overwing emergency exits are always in armed configuration.
To open :
‐ Remove HANDLE COVER : The HANDLE LIGHT and SLIDE ARMED indicator illuminate.
‐ Pull CONTROL HANDLE : The EXIT moves inwards.
‐ Lift EXIT from frame by holding the GRIPMOULD.
‐ Throw EXIT out.
GENERAL
The aircraft has two cargo doors (three cargo doors ) on the right side of the fuselage below the
cabin floor.
The yellow hydraulic system opens these doors outward and upward. They lock open or closed
mechanically.
If the yellow system's electric pump fails, crewmen can use a hand pump to pressurize the system.
This hand pump is on the hydraulic maintenance panel.
The FWD and AFT cargo doors can be opened from the outside only.
Note: When the electric pump is operating the FWD or AFT cargo doors, the only other yellow
system devices that can operate are braking and engine 2 reverse.
The bulk cargo door opens inward and upward. It is a plug-type door that is mechanically locked and
manually operated.
This door can be opened from the outside or from the inside.
Four inward opening, manually operated, hinged doors give external access to the avionics
compartments. These doors are in the lower fuselage, around the nose landing gear bay.
COCKPIT DOOR
Refer to DSC-25-11-10 Cockpit Door Description for information about the secured cockpit door.
DOOR SLIDES
WING SLIDES
Each passenger door either has a single-lane escape slide, or a single-lane slideraft, and each
emergency exit has a dual-lane escape slide.
DOOR/OXY SD PAGE
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INHIB
L(R) FWD (AFT) AVIONICS
L(R) FWD CABIN
L(R) AFT CABIN
L(R) FWD EMER EXIT
L(R) AFT EMER EXIT SINGLE MASTER
DOOR NIL
1, 4, 5,
FWD CARGO CHIME CAUT 7, 8, 10
AFT CARGO
BULK CARGO
STAIRS
Affected door not closed (proximity detectors)
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
POWER PLANT
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AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
POWER PLANT
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
DSC-70-10 Engine
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
Description............................................................................................................................................................... B
DSC-70-20 Fadec
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
ARCHITECTURE..................................................................................................................................................... B
FUNCTIONS ...........................................................................................................................................................C
Power Supply...........................................................................................................................................................D
DSC-70-80-20 Architecture
ARCHITECTURE..................................................................................................................................................... A
GENERAL
DESCRIPTION
GENERAL
Each powerplant has a FADEC (Full Authority Digital Engine Control) system.
FADEC, also called the Electronic Control Unit (ECU), is a digital control system that performs
complete engine management.
FADEC has two-channel redundancy, with one channel active and one in standby.
If one channel fails, the other automatically takes control.
The system has a magnetic alternator for an internal power source.
FADEC is mounted on the fan case.
The Engine Interface Unit (EIU) transmits to FADEC the data it uses for engine management.
ARCHITECTURE
FUNCTIONS
POWER SUPPLY
GENERAL
THRUST LEVERS
The FADEC computes the thrust rating limit for each thrust lever position, as shown below.
If the thrust lever is set in a detent, the FADEC selects the rating limit corresponding to this detent.
If the thrust lever is set between two detents, the FADEC selects the rating limit corresponding to the
higher detent.
MANUAL MODE
The engines are in the manual mode provided the A/THR function is:
‐ not armed or
‐ armed and not active (thrust lever not in the A/THR operating range and no alpha floor).
In these conditions, each engine is controlled by the position of its thrust lever.
The pilot controls thrust by moving the thrust lever between the IDLE and TOGA positions. Each
position of the thrust lever within these limits corresponds to an N1.
When the thrust lever is in a detent, the corresponding N1 is equal to the N1 rating limit computed by
the FADEC for that engine.
The pilot can always get MAX TO thrust by pushing the thrust lever all the way forward.
AUTOMATIC MODE
In the autothrust mode (A/THR function active), the FMGC computes the thrust which is limited to the
value corresponding to the thrust lever position (unless the alpha-floor mode is activated).
INDICATIONS ON FMA
The FADECs monitor the positions of the thrust levers, and trigger appropriate indications on the
FMA.
ASYM : appears in amber (3rd line on the FMA) if, with A/THR active and both engines running,
one thrust lever is set out of the CLB detent.
CLB : flashes white (2nd line on the FMA) if the thrust levers are not in CL position while the
aircraft is above the altitude of thrust reduction with both engines running.
MCT : flashes white (2nd line on the FMA) if the thrust levers are not in MCT position after an
engine failure (with speed above green dot).
THRUST CONTROL
GENERAL
The fuel system supplies fuel to the combustion chamber at the required flow rate, pressure, and
temperature.
The fuel flows from the tank, via the fuel pump unit and the fuel/oil heat exchanger, to the
Hydromechanical Unit (HMU) and to the fuel nozzles.
The HP compressor shaft drives the HP fuel pump assembly. Fuel flows through the LP pump, then
through the fuel/oil heat exchanger and the HP pump (gear pump).
The fuel then divides into a filtered flow for the servo fuel heater and the servo valves of the HMU,
and an unfiltered flow for the metering valve of the HMU.
SHUT-OFF VALVES
Moving the ENG1 (ENG2) MASTER switch to OFF directly commands the closing of the LP and HP
fuel shut off valves for that engine's fuel system.
It also closes the fuel return valve and opens the bypass valve.
GENERAL
FUEL FLOW
L3 The Fuel Metering Valve (FMV) transforms FADEC orders through a torque motor and servo valve
into fuel flow to the engine fuel nozzles.
The FMV resolver generates a feedback signal proportional to the FMV position.
The bypass valve maintains a constant pressure drop across the FMV to ensure that the metered
fuel flow is proportional to the FMV position.
L1 The FADEC computes the fuel flow that will maintain the target N1.
As the FADEC maintains this N1, it allows N2 to vary while remaining between N2 minimum and N2
maximum. The FADEC also controls the engine parameters to :
‐ Limit acceleration and deceleration ;
‐ Avoid engine stall or flameout ;
‐ Limit maximum N1 and N2 ;
‐ Maintain air bleed pressure requirement.
The FADEC computes an N2 correction according to the bleed configuration.
Independent of the FADEC, the overspeed governor limits the N2 by opening the fuel bypass valve,
in the event of a malfunction that could lead to an overspeed condition.
IDLE CONTROL
Some of the fuel flowing out of the HMU goes to cool the oil systems of the Integrated Drive
Generators (IDGs). It then returns to the fuel pump unit or to the tank.
The Fuel Return Valve (FRV), controlled by the FADEC, ensures that this flow is adequate.
L3 At low engine thrust, if the oil going into the IDG is too hot, the cooling fuel is sent back to the tank
(300 kg/h).
If oil temperature continues to rise, the ECU increases the minimum N2.
If oil temperature still keeps rising, the FADEC increases the fuel flow to the tank (from 300 to
600 kg/h, depending on fuel return temperature).
The fuel return valve is always mixing hot fuel with cold fuel so that the temperature of fuel returning
to the tank stays below 100 °C (from 200 to 400 kg/h, depending on fuel return temperature).
Fuel recirculation to the tank is inhibited (FRV closed) in the following cases :
‐ at engine shutdown
‐ during takeoff and climb
‐ if :
• wing tank level is below about 300 kg (660 lb).
• there is fuel overflow in the surge tank
• fuel feed is by gravity only.
‐ when fuel temperature in the wing tank in flight is above 52.5 °C
Note: On the ground, high fuel temperature in the wing tank or fuel overflow in the surge tank
does not inhibit the fuel recirculation to the wing tank (FRV remains open).
GENERAL
GENERAL
The air bleed system supplies the aircraft with compressed air.
It uses the air for:
‐ pneumatic system (Refer to DSC-36-10-10 General)
‐ cooling the engine compartment and the turbines.
COOLING
GENERAL
The aircraft reverses engine thrust by using four pivoting blocker doors on each engine to deflect the
fan airstream.
ACTUATION LOGIC
Deployment requires :
‐ One FADEC channel, operating with its associated throttle reverse signal ;
‐ Right and left main gear compressed signal from the corresponding LGCIUs ;
‐ A Thrust Lever Angle (TLA) reverse signals from at least one Spoiler Elevator Computer (SEC).
Before deployment is completed, the FADEC sets reverse idle thrust on the engine that is having its
thrust reversed.
PROTECTION
SCHEMATIC
GENERAL
The FADEC controls the ignition and starting system according to:
‐ the position of the engine start selector
‐ the position of the ENG MASTER sw
‐ the position of the ENG MAN START pb-sw
‐ the aircraft status (flight or ground).
The FADEC receives its inputs from the Engine Interface Unit (EIU).
ARCHITECTURE
GENERAL
The ignition system is for engine starting on the ground and restarting in flight. It consists of two
identical independent circuits for each engine, normally controlled by the FADEC channel A and
channel B. Each FADEC channel can control both igniters.
Note: Supply for igniter A switches to the STAT INV BUS BAR as soon as the static inverter is
operative.
ON THE GROUND
‐ Automatic start:
• Only one igniter is supplied.
• The FADEC automatically alternates the use of igniters for the engine start of the successive
flights following the sequence below:
▪ channel A, igniter A
▪ channel B, igniter A
▪ channel A, igniter B
▪ channel B, igniter B
• The ignition comes on automatically when N2 reaches 16 % and cuts off automatically when
N2 reaches 50 %.
If the automatic start fails, the FADEC energizes both igniters at the same time during the
second attempt at an engine start.
‐ Manual start:
• Both igniters start firing when the ENG MASTER sw is set to ON.
• Both igniters are cut off when N2 reaches approximately 50 %.
IN FLIGHT
Both igniters are supplied when the ENG MASTER sw is set to ON.
CONTINUOUS IGNITION
Continuous ignition may be selected either manually or automatically to maintain engine combustion.
MANUAL SELECTION
In flight, continuous ignition is on when the ENG START selector is on IGN/START, if the
corresponding engine is running.
Only one igniter is selected. If failed, both igniters are automatically selected.
On the ground after the engine is started, because ignition cuts off automatically, the flight crew
must switch the ENG MODE selector to NORM then back to IGN/START to turn on continuous
ignition.
AUTOMATIC SELECTION
GENERAL
The engine starting system consists of an air turbine starter and a start valve.
The start valve admits air supplied by the pneumatic system to operate the starter.
The FADEC controls the start valve electrically and bleed pressure is required for opening the start
valve. If electrical control fails when the aircraft is on the ground, a handle allows the start valve to be
operated manually.
AUTOMATIC STARTING
This sequence is under the full authority of the FADEC, which controls:
‐ the start valve
‐ the igniters
‐ the fuel HP valves
The FADEC:
‐ detects a hot start, a hung start, a stall, or no light up
‐ announces FAULT and identifies the fault in an ECAM message
‐ runs an abort sequence if a start aborts on the ground
• closes the HP valve
• closes the start valve
• turns off ignition
• cranks the engine crank after the start abort in order to clear out fuel vapors
• controls any additional start attempts.
For an inflight start, the FADEC decides whether the engine is windmilling fast enough or needs
assistance from the starter in view of current engine parameters and flight environment parameters.
Flight crew may interrupt this start sequence by moving the MASTER switch to OFF.
MANUAL STARTING
A dry cranking cycle ventilates the engine to remove fuel vapors after an unsuccessful start attempt
on the ground.
The flight crew can manually select cranking by setting the ENG MODE selector to CRANK and the
MAN START pushbutton switch to ON (MASTER switch OFF). Flight crew can stop the cranking by
setting the MAN START pushbutton switch to OFF.
PEDESTAL
OVERHEAD PANEL
Off : When the ENG MAN START pushbutton switch is set to OFF during a manual engine
start, the start valve closes if the MASTER switch is OFF.
MAINTENANCE PANEL
ECAM
GENERAL
The ECAM’s upper E/WD permanently displays the engines’ primary parameters. The ECAM’s
lower SD displays the secondary parameters, either when they are automatically selected by the
system, or manually selected by the flight crew.
PRIMARY PARAMETER
(A) Actual N1
The N1 needle and N1 digital indication are normally in green. They pulse in:
‐ Amber, when the actual N1 is above the N1 MAX (See (E));
‐ Red, when the actual N1 is above the N1 RED line (104 %).
When the N1 is degraded (in case both N1 sensors fail), the last digit of the digital
display is dashed in amber.
Note: When the aircraft is on ground with the engines running, the N1 rating limit
displayed here corresponds to the TOGA thrust limit, regardless of the thrust lever
position.
When the aircraft is on ground with the engines running and FLEX mode is
selected, this number is the FLEX N1, regardless of the thrust lever position
between idle and FLX/MCT.
(4) FLEX temperature
If FLX mode is selected, the flexible takeoff temperature selected through the MCDUs is
displayed in blue.
(5) EGT indicator
SECONDARY PARAMETERS
START CONFIGURATION
The green number is frozen at the last value (until the next engine start), when the engine
shuts down. (The CRUISE SD page also displays the last value).
The fuel used indication is dashed when the indication is inaccurate due to the loss of fuel
flow data for more than 1 min.
(2) Oil quantity
The oil quantity indicators (needle and values) are green.
The indication pulses, when oil quantity decreases below three quarts or increases above
five quarts.
(3) Oil pressure
The oil pressure indicators (needle and values) are green.
If the oil pressure:
‐ Exceeds 90 PSI, the indicators begin to pulse
The indicators stop pulsing, when the oil pressure goes below 85 PSI.
‐ Goes below 16 PSI, the indicators begin to pulse
The indicators stop pulsing, when the oil pressure returns above 20 PSI.
‐ Goes below 13 PSI, the indicators become red, and the ECAM displays the ENG 1(2)
OIL LO PR alert.
(4) Oil temperature
The oil temperature values are green.
If the oil temperature:
‐ Exceeds 140 °C, the value begins to pulse
The value stops pulsing, when the oil temperature goes below 135 °C.
‐ Exceeds 140 °C for more than 15 min, the value becomes amber, and the ECAM
displays the ENG 1(2) OIL HI TEMP alert
‐ Rapidly exceeds 155 °C, the value becomes amber, and the ECAM displays the ENG
1(2) OIL HI TEMP alert.
(5) VIB
The legend is green.
VIB N1 pulses above 6.
VIB N2 pulses above 4.3.
(These numbers also appear on the CRUISE SD page).
(6) Oil filter clog
CLOG appears in amber, if there is an excessive pressure loss across the main oil
scavenge filter.
(7) Fuel filter clog
CLOG appears in amber, if there is an excessive pressure loss across the fuel filter.
(8) Ignition
IGN appears in white during the start sequence.
The letters A, B, or AB appear in green, when the respective igniters are firing.
(9) Start valve position
In line – Green : The valve is fully open.
Crossline – Green : The valve is fully closed.
(10) Engine bleed pressure
The green numbers indicate the bleed pressure upstream of the precooler.
They become amber, when the pressure drops below 21 PSI with N2 ≥ 10 %, or if there is
an overpressure.
AFTER START CONFIGURATION
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INHIB
Associated
with GEN
ENG DUAL FAILURE FAULT lts NIL
and PACK
CRC ENG FAULT lt
ENG 1(2) OIL LO PR
Oil low pressure triggered at 13 PSI by the oil 1, 10
MASTER
pressure switch.
WARN
ENG 1(2) THR LEVER ABV IDLE
‐ One thrust lever is above idle while the other NIL
thrust lever is in the reverse detent at landing. 1, 2, 3, 4,
RETARD NIL
‐ One thrust lever is above idle while the other 5, 6, 7, 10
thrust lever is at idle, at reverser deselection
during landing roll.
ENG STALL
3, 4,
ENG 1(2) HP FUEL VALVE 5, 7, 8
HP fuel valve failed closed.
ENG 1(2) START FAULT Associated
FAULT lt on
Start fault due to: ENG panel
‐ No light up, or on pedestal 3, 4, 5,
‐ ENG stall or over TEMP (above 725 °C), or (exception 6, 7, 8
‐ Starter time exceeded case of
‐ Thrust lever not at idle starter time
‐ Low start air PRESS SINGLE MASTER
ENG exceeded)
CHIME CAUT
ENG 1(2) START VALVE FAULT 3, 4,
Position disagree. 5, 7, 8
ENG 1(2) OIL HI TEMP
Oil TEMP between 140 and 155 °C for more than
15 min, or oil TEMP above 155 °C. 4, 5, 7, 8
ENG 1(2) FADEC FAULT
Both channels failed.
ENG 1(2) LOW N1 NIL 4, 5, 6, 7,
No N1 rotation during start. 8, 9, 10
ENG THRUST LOCKED SINGLE MASTER
Thrust levers are not moved within 5 s, following 1, 2, 3, 4,
CHIME CAUT NIL
an unvoluntary disconnection of the A/THR (or 8, 9, 10
every 5 s every 5 s
disconnection through the FCU pb).
Continued on the following page
ELECTRICAL SUPPLY
PROCEDURES
Intentionally left blank
PROCEDURES
PRELIMINARY PAGES
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
(1)
M Localization DU Title DU identification DU date
PRO-ABN-31 MULTIPLE UNDUE ECAM ALERTS 00012928.0001001 07 APR 11
Criteria: P8671, P9824
Applicable to: ALL
Impacted DU: NONE
Reason for issue:
This Temporary Revision was re-issued to update the list of possible undue ECAM alerts.
PROCEDURES
PRO-ABN-01 Introduction
FCOM Procedure Layout.........................................................................................................................................A
Operational Recommendations............................................................................................................................... B
Use of Summaries...................................................................................................................................................C
PRO-ABN-23 Communications
COM ACARS FAULT..................................................................................................................................... A
COM CIDS 1 + 2 FAULT........................................................................................................................................ B
COM HF 1(2) DATA FAULT..........................................................................................................................C
COM SATCOM DATA FAULT....................................................................................................................... D
COM SATCOM FAULT.................................................................................................................................. E
COM VHF 1(2)(3)/HF 1(2) EMITTING........................................................................................................... F
COM VHF 3 DATA FAULT............................................................................................................................G
Continued on the following page
PRO-ABN-25 Equipment
COCKPIT DOOR FAULT........................................................................................................................................ A
Continued on the following page
PRO-ABN-28 Fuel
FUEL APU LP VALVE FAULT................................................................................................................................ A
FUEL AUTO FEED FAULT..................................................................................................................................... B
FUEL CTR TK PUMP 1(2) LO PR......................................................................................................................... C
FUEL CTR TK PUMPS LO PR...............................................................................................................................D
FUEL CTR TK PUMPS OFF...................................................................................................................................E
FUEL ENG 1(2) LP VALVE OPEN......................................................................................................................... F
FUEL FQI CH 1(2) FAULT..................................................................................................................................... G
FUEL IMBALANCE..................................................................................................................................................H
FUEL LEAK............................................................................................................................................................... I
FUEL L (R) OUTER (INNER) TK HI TEMP............................................................................................................ J
FUEL L (R) OUTER (INNER) TK LO TEMP...........................................................................................................K
FUEL L (R) TK PUMP 1(2) LO PR......................................................................................................................... L
FUEL L (R) TK PUMP 1 + 2 LO PR (Center Tank Empty)....................................................................................M
FUEL L (R) TK PUMP 1 + 2 LO PR (Center Tank not Empty).............................................................................. N
Continued on the following page
PRO-ABN-29 Hydraulic
HYD B RSVR LO AIR PR.......................................................................................................................................A
HYD B ELEC PUMP LO PR or OVHT................................................................................................................... B
HYD B RSVR LO LVL............................................................................................................................................ C
HYD B RSVR OVHT............................................................................................................................................... D
HYD G ENG 1 PUMP LO PR (PTU Operative)......................................................................................................E
HYD G ENG 1 PUMP LO PR (PTU Inoperative)....................................................................................................F
HYD G RSVR LO AIR PR...................................................................................................................................... G
HYD G RSVR LO LVL............................................................................................................................................ H
HYD G RSVR OVHT................................................................................................................................................ I
HYD Y ELEC PUMP LO PR or OVHT.................................................................................................................... J
HYD Y ENG 2 PUMP LO PR (PTU Operative)...................................................................................................... K
HYD Y ENG 2 PUMP LO PR (PTU Inoperative).................................................................................................... L
HYD Y RSVR LO AIR PR...................................................................................................................................... M
HYD Y RSVR LO LVL............................................................................................................................................ N
HYD Y RSVR OVHT...............................................................................................................................................O
HYD B+Y SYS LO PR .......................................................................................................................... P
HYD G+B SYS LO PR ..........................................................................................................................Q
HYD G+Y SYS LO PR ..........................................................................................................................R
HYD PTU FAULT.................................................................................................................................................... S
HYD RAT FAULT.....................................................................................................................................................T
PRO-ABN-34 Navigation
ALL ADR OFF ....................................................................................................................................... A
EGPWS ALERTS .................................................................................................................................. B
NAV ADR DISAGREE.............................................................................................................................................C
IR ALIGNMENT IN ATT MODE.............................................................................................................................. D
NAV ADR 1(2)(3) FAULT........................................................................................................................................ E
NAV ADR 1+2 (1+3) (2+3) FAULT......................................................................................................................... F
NAV ADR 1+2+3 FAULT ...................................................................................................................... G
NAV ALTI DISCREPANCY..................................................................................................................................... H
NAV ATT DISCREPANCY........................................................................................................................................I
NAV BARO REF DISCREPANCY..........................................................................................................................J
Continued on the following page
PRO-ABN-36 Pneumatic
AIR APU BLEED FAULT.........................................................................................................................................A
AIR APU BLEED LEAK...........................................................................................................................................B
AIR BLEED 1(2) OFF..............................................................................................................................................C
AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED ABNORM PR......................................................................................................................D
AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED FAULT.................................................................................................................................E
AIR ENG 1+2 BLEED FAULT................................................................................................................................. F
AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED LO TEMP (Opposite Bleed Available)................................................................................ G
AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED LO TEMP (Opposite Bleed not Available).......................................................................... H
AIR ENG 1 + 2 BLEED LO TEMP........................................................................................................................... I
AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED NOT CLSD.......................................................................................................................... J
AIR ENG 1(2) HP VALVE FAULT...........................................................................................................................K
Continued on the following page
PRO-ABN-49 APU
APU AUTO (EMER) SHUT DOWN.........................................................................................................................A
PRO-ABN-52 Doors
DOORS (L/R/FWD/AFT) AVIONICS....................................................................................................................... A
DOORS CABIN/EMER EXIT/CARGO..................................................................................................................... B
PRO-ABN-80 Miscellaneous
BOMB ON BOARD..................................................................................................................................................A
COCKPIT WINDSHIELD/WINDOW ARCING......................................................................................................... B
COCKPIT WINDSHIELD/WINDOW CRACKED......................................................................................................C
CREW INCAPACITATION.......................................................................................................................................D
DITCHING ..............................................................................................................................................E
ECAM Advisory Conditions......................................................................................................................................F
EMER DESCENT ..................................................................................................................................G
Continued on the following page
INTRODUCTION
The presentation of procedures is, as far as practicable, identical to the presentation on ECAM.
The abbreviations are identical to those used on the cockpit panels.
All actions and information displayed on ECAM are provided in large letters. Other information, not
on ECAM, is provided in small letters.
Expanded information is as far as practicable provided in layer 2. This information:
‐ Identifies the particular failures
‐ Explains actions for which the reason is not self-evident
‐ Furnishes additional background.
PROCEDURE TITLE
The title of an abnormal or emergency procedure, that appears on the ECAM, is on a white
background.
Abnormal procedure displayed on ECAM (amber caution) :
The title of an abnormal or emergency procedure, that does not appear on the ECAM is on a grey
background.
Abnormal procedure not displayed on ECAM :
Black squares also indicate parts of a procedure among which only one is applicable.
For example:
INDENTATION
Indentation is used in order to identify when an action depends on a precondition/flight
phase/procedure.
For example:
‐ The APPR SPEED is equal to VREF +30 kt only if the flaps are locked, because "APPR
SPEED......VREF +30" is indented below "• If flaps locked".
‐ The MAX SPEED of 250 kt does not depend on the flaps locked condition because it is
aligned with "• If Flaps locked". Therefore, MAX SPEED has to be respected whether the
flaps are locked or not.
OPERATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS
OVERVIEW
Abnormal and Emergency procedures involve actions that the flight crew must perform in order to
ensure adequate safety, and help to make the remainder of the flight easier.
Abnormal and Emergency procedures are actions that the flight crew performs:
‐ After failures, that the ECAM detects, or
‐ After failures or situation, that the flight crew detects or encounters (e.g. CKPT WINDOW
CRACKED, OVERWEIGHT LANDING), or
‐ After an aural alert (e.g. OBSTACLE AHEAD, PULL UP).
When the flight crew performs procedures, the flight crew uses the “READ” and “DO” principle
(oral reading).
TASKSHARING
The general tasksharing shown below applies to all procedures.
The pilot's flying remains the pilot flying throughout the procedure.
The Pilot Flying (PF), is responsible for the:
‐ Thrust levers
‐ Control of flight path and airspeed
‐ Aircraft configuration (request configuration change)
‐ Navigation
‐ Communications.
The Pilot Not Flying (PNF), is responsible for:
‐ Monitoring and reading aloud the ECAM and checklists
‐ Performing required actions, or actions requested by the PF, if applicable
‐ Using the engine master switches, cockpit C/Bs, IR and guarded switches, with PF's
confirmation (except on ground).
MEMORY ITEMS
The following procedures are to be applied without referring to paper:
‐ CREW INCAPACITATION
‐ EGPWS ,
‐ Immediate actions of EMER DESCENT
‐ Immediate actions of UNRELIABLE SPEED INDICATION/ADR CHECK PROC
‐ LOSS OF BRAKING
‐ STALL RECOVERY
‐ STALL WARNING AT LIFT-OFF
‐ TCAS
‐ WINDSHEAR
‐ WINDSHEAR AHEAD
USE OF SUMMARIES
GENERAL
The summaries consist of QRH procedures.
They have been created to help the flight crew to handle the actions in the event of an ELEC
EMER CONFIG or a dual HYD failure.
In any case, the ECAM should be applied first. This includes both the procedure and the
STATUS page review.
SITUATION ASSESSMENT
The CRUISE section highlights the remaining systems, the main limitations and the flight capability
of the aircraft.
This section may help the flight crew to assess the situation and to choose an appropriate landing
runway.
The flight crew refers, in the meantime, to the corresponding chapters of the QRH for:
‐ The evaluation of an increased fuel consumption (PER-B),
‐ The VAPP computation at the selected airport (PER-C),
‐ The In-Flight Landing Distance computation (PER-C).
APPROACH PREPARATION
As always, the approach preparation begins by the review of the STATUS page.
Then, the APPROACH, LANDING and GO AROUND sections of the summary should be used to
prepare and conduct the approach briefing, cross-checking, as usual, the associated FMS pages.
When appropriate, these sections include, among others, the LANDING WITH SLATS or FLAPS
JAMMED procedure and the L/G GRAVITY EXTENSION procedure.
APPROACH
The APPR PROC actions given by the STATUS page should be performed by reading the
APPROACH section of the summary (PNF), avoiding then to refer to other paper procedures.
Once the aircraft is in final configuration, the LANDING and the GO AROUND sections may
be shortly commented, as a reminder (braking, NWS, reversers and L/G retraction in case of
go-around).
Before the final approach, the PNF should review the STATUS page and check that all the APPR
PROC actions have been completed.
If an engine fails after the aircraft passes V1, the takeoff must be continued.
Use rudder conventionally to stay on the runway centerline.
At VR, rotate the aircraft smoothly using a continuous pitch rate to a pitch attitude of 12.5 °. After
lift-off, follow the Speed Reference System (SRS).
When airborne with a positive rate of climb, select the landing gear up.
Use rudder to prevent yaw. Shortly after lift-off, β target will appear. Adjust rudder position to zero
the β target. Control heading conventionally with bank, keeping the β target at zero with rudder.
Consider the use of TOGA thrust.
Consider the use of autopilot.
At 400 ft minimum, apply the ECAM procedure.
At acceleration height, level off and allow the speed to increase.
• At F speed select CONF 1.
• At S speed select CONF 0.
When the FLAPS lever is at zero, β target reverts to sideslip indication: Center the
sideslip indication conventionally.
At green dot speed (engine-out operating speed in clean configuration):
Resume the climb using maximum continuous thrust and maintain green dot speed.
(If already in the FLX/MCT gate, move to CL and back to MCT).
MAXIMUM TAKEOFF THRUST IS ONLY ALLOWED FOR 10 min.
ENGINE FAILURE DURING INITIAL CLIMB-OUT
Proceed as above. However, if the failure occurs above V2 maintain the SRS commanded
attitude (or the speed reached after recovery). In any case, the minimum speed must be equal to
V2.
ENGINE OPERATION AT MAX T.O. THRUST IS LIMITED TO 10 min
Continued on the following page
LANDING WEIGHT..................................................................................................................CHECK
If the aircraft weight is above the maximum weight for circling in CONF 3 (given in the
table below):
The aircraft cannot maintain flight level with CONF 3 and the landing gear down.
FOR LDG.................................................................................................................. USE FLAP 3
CONF 3 is preferred, to minimize a configuration change in short final.
GPWS LDG FLAP 3.................................................................................................................ON
Delay gear extension.
Note: ‐ If the approach is flown at less than 750 ft RA, the “L/G NOT DOWN” warning will
be triggered. The pilot can cancel the aural warning by pressing the EMER CANC
pb, located on the ECAM control panel.
‐ A ”TOO LOW GEAR” warning is to be expected, if the landing gear is not
downlocked at 500 ft RA.
MAXIMUM WEIGHT FOR CIRCLING IN CONF 3 (1000 KG)
OAT AIRPORT ELEVATION (FT)
(°C) 0 2 000 4 000 6 000 8 000 10 000 12 000 14 000
0 77 76 69 63 58 53 48 45
5 77 76 69 63 58 53 48 45
10 77 76 69 63 58 53 48 45
15 77 76 69 63 58 53 48 45
20 77 76 69 63 58 53 48 45
25 77 75 69 63 58 53 48 45
30 77 72 68 63 58 53 48
35 74 70 66 63 56 51
40 71 67 63 59
45 69 65 61
50 67 63
55 64
Determine landing configuration, according to the table in QRH PER-27A Landing Distance with
Slats and Flaps System Failure.
Repeat the following until landing configuration is reached:
SPEED SEL....................................................................................................... VFE NEXT - 5 kt
Decelerate towards VFE NEXT - 5 kt but not below VLS. In case of turbulence, to avoid VFE
exceedance, the pilot may decide to decelerate to a lower speed, but not below VLS.
Note: ‐ The autopilot may be used down to 500 ft AGL. As it is not tuned for abnormal
configurations, its behavior can be less than optimum and must be monitored
‐ Approach with selected speed is recommended
‐ A/THR is recommended, except in the case of a G+B SYS LO PR warning
‐ OVERSPEED warning and VLS, displayed on the PFD, are computed according to
the actual flaps/slats position
‐ VFE and VFE NEXT are displayed on the PFD according to the FLAPS lever
position. If not displayed, use the placard speeds
‐ If VLS is greater than VFE NEXT (overweight landing case), the FLAPS lever
can be set in the required next position, while the speed is reduced to follow VLS
reduction as surfaces extend. The VFE warning threshold should not be triggered.
In this case, disconnect the A/THR. A/THR can be re-engaged when the landing
configuration is established.
As speed reduces through VFE NEXT:
FLAPS LEVER................................................................................................ONE STEP DOWN
When landing configuration is established:
DECELERATE TO CALCULATED APPROACH SPEED IN FINAL APPROACH.
FOR GO AROUND
The table (See below) provides the MAX SPEEDS for the abnormal configurations.
IF SLATS FAULT:
FOR CIRCUIT:
MAINTAIN SLATS/FLAPS CONFIGURATION
Recommended speed: MAX SPEED - 10 kt
FOR DIVERSION:
SELECT CLEAN CONFIGURATION
Continued on the following page
CAUTION For flight with SLATS or FLAPS extended, fuel consumption is increased. Refer
to the fuel flow indication. As a guideline, determine the fuel consumption in
Continued on the following page
OVERSPEED PREVENTION
If the aircraft encounters significant speed variations close to VMO/MMO, apply the following
actions:
AP : KEEP ON
A/THR : KEEP ON
USE SELECTED SPEED
SPEED...................................................................................................................................REDUCE
Reduce the speed to increase the margin to VMO/MMO.
MIN SPEED : GREEN DOT
SPEED TREND................................................................................................................... MONITOR
If the speed trend approaches or exceeds VMO/MMO:
SPEED BRAKES.................................................................................................. USE AS RQRD
If the speed exceeds VMO/MMO:
OVERSPEED RECOVERY procedure...............................................................................APPLY
Refer to PRO-ABN-10 Overspeed Recovery
If the speed stays below VMO/MMO:
In the case of severe turbulence:
Refer to PRO-SUP-91-10 Adverse Weather - Severe Turbulence
OVERSPEED RECOVERY
REJECTED TAKEOFF
GENERAL
The decision to reject the takeoff and the stop action is made by the Captain.
It is therefore recommended that the Captain keeps his hand on the thrust levers until the aircraft
reaches V1, whether he is Pilot Flying (PF) or Pilot Not Flying (PNF). As soon as he decides to
abort, he calls “stop”, takes over control of the aircraft and performs the stop actions.
It is not possible to list all the factors that could lead to the decision to reject the takeoff.
However, in order to help the Captain to make a decision, the ECAM inhibits the warnings that
are not essential from 80 kt to 1 500 ft (or 2 min after lift-off, whichever occurs first).
Experience has shown that rejected takeoffs can be hazardous even if the performance is
correctly calculated, based on flight tests.
This may be due to the following factors:
‐ Delay in Performing the stopping procedure.
‐ Damaged tires.
‐ Brakes worn, brakes not working correctly, or higher than normal initial brakes temperature.
‐ The brakes not being fully applied.
‐ A runway friction coefficient lower than assumed in computations.
‐ An error in gross weight calculation.
‐ Runway line up not considered.
When the aircraft speed is at or above 100 kt, it may become hazardous to reject a takeoff.
Therefore, when the aircraft speed approaches V1, the Captain should be “Go-minded” if none of
the main failures quoted below (“Above 100 kt and below V1”) have occurred.
DECISION MANAGEMENT
Below 100 kt:
The decision to reject the takeoff may be taken at the Captain’s discretion, depending on the
circumstances.
Although we cannot list all the causes, the Captain should seriously consider discontinuing
the takeoff, if any ECAM warning/caution is activated.
Note: The speed of 100 kt is not critical: It was chosen in order to help the Captain make
his decision, and to avoid unnecessary stops from high speed.
Above 100 kt and below V1:
Rejecting the takeoff at these speeds is a more serious matter, particularly on slippery
runways. It could lead to a hazardous situation, if the speed is approaching V1. At these
Continued on the following page
REVERSERS : Full reverse may be used until coming to a complete stop. But, if there is
enough runway available at the end of the deceleration, it is preferable to
reduce reverse thrust when passing 70 kt.
Note: 1. If the brake response does not seem appropriate for the runway condition, FULL
manual braking should be applied and maintained. If IN DOUBT, TAKE OVER
MANUALLY. Do not attempt to clear the runway, until it is absolutely clear that an
evacuation is not necessary and that it is safe to do so.
2. If the autobrake is unserviceable, the Captain simultaneously reduces thrust and
applies maximum pressure on both pedals.
The aircraft will stop in the minimum distance, only if the brake pedals are maintained
fully pressed until the aircraft comes to a stop.
3. If normal braking is inoperative, immediately apply the Loss of Braking procedure
(Refer to PRO-ABN-32 LOSS OF BRAKING)
4. After a rejected takeoff, if the aircraft comes to a complete stop using autobrake
MAX, release brakes prior to taxi by disarming spoilers.
The “SPEED SPEED SPEED” synthetic voice sounds every 5 s whenever the aircraft energy goes
below a threshold under which thrust must be increased.
“SPEED SPEED SPEED”
Increase the thrust until the warning stops and, depending on the circumstances, adjust the pitch
accordingly.
STALL RECOVERY
As soon as any stall indication (could be aural warning, buffet...) is recognized, apply the immediate
actions:
NOSE DOWN PITCH CONTROL.............................................................................................APPLY
This will reduce angle of attack
Note: In case of lack of pitch down authority, reducing thrust may be necessary.
BANK............................................................................................................................WINGS LEVEL
When out of stall (no longer stall indications) :
THRUST........................................................................... INCREASE SMOOTHLY AS NEEDED
Note: In case of one engine inoperative, progressively compensate the thrust asymmetry
with rudder.
SPEEDBRAKES......................................................................................... CHECK RETRACTED
FLIGHT PATH.........................................................................................RECOVER SMOOTHLY
If in clean configuration and below 20 000 ft :
FLAP1........................................................................................................................ SELECT
Note: If a risk of ground contact exists, once clearly out of stall (no longer stall
indications), establish smoothly a positive climb gradient.
Spurious stall warning may sound in NORMAL law, if an angle of attack probe is damaged. In this
case, apply immediately the following actions:
THRUST..................................................................................................................................... TOGA
At the same time:
PITCH ATTITUDE..........................................................................................................................15 °
BANK............................................................................................................................WINGS LEVEL
Note: When a safe flight path and speed are achieved and maintained, if stall warning
continues, consider it as spurious.
For performance reasons, do not extend flaps full until established on a final descent to landing.
If a level off is expected during the final approach, perform the approach and landing in CONF 3.
STATUS
INOP SYS
STATUS
INOP SYS
STATUS
• If ACSC 1 failed: INOP SYS
CKPT AT FIXED TEMP
• If ACSC 2 failed: PACK 1(2)
COND CTL 1(2)
CAB AT FIXED TEMP
FWD CRG HEAT (If ACSC
1 failed)
L1
WHEN DIFF PR < 1 PSI AND FL BELOW 100:
RAM AIR...................................................................................................................................ON
MAX FL........................................................................................................................... 100/MEA
If FAULT was due to an overheat:
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
STATUS
• If packs not recovered: INOP SYS
MAX FL............................................................... 100/MEA
CKPT AT FIXED TEMP PACK 1 + 2
COND CTL 1
CAB AT FIXED TEMP COND CTL 2
If FAULT was due to an overheat: FWD CRG HEAT
WHEN PACK OVHT OUT:
PACK (AFFECTED)........................................ ON
STATUS
INOP SYS
PACK 1(2)
STATUS
WHEN PACK OVHT OUT: INOP SYS
PACK (AFFECTED)...............................................ON
(1)
PACK 1(2)
(1) (If pack not recovered)
STATUS
INOP SYS
(1)
PACK 1(2) REGUL
(2)
HOT AIR
(1) (In case of By Pass Valve or RAM Air Inlet failure)
(2) (In case of Flow Control Valve in backup mode)
CABIN OVERPRESSURE
Apply the following procedure (not displayed on ECAM) in case of total loss of cabin pressure
control leading to overpressure.
PACK 1 or 2..................................................................................................................................OFF
BLOWER + EXTRACT...............................................................................................................OVRD
Cabin air is extracted overboard
ΔP............................................................................................................... FREQUENTLY MONITOR
If ΔP > 9 PSI:
PACK 1 + 2............................................................................................................................ OFF
LAND ASAP
Before 10 min from landing:
PACK 1 + 2...................................................................................................................................OFF
BLOWER + EXTRACT............................................................................................................... AUTO
CAUTION Check that ΔP is zero before opening the doors.
Rely on the CAB PR EXCESS CAB ALT warning even if not confirmed on the CAB PRESS SD
page. The warning can be triggered by a cabin pressure sensor different from the one used to
control the pressure and display the cabin altitude on the SD.
CREW OXY MASK (IF ABOVE FL100)......................................................................................... ON
If above FL 100, and under FL 160:
DESCENT........................................................................................................................INITIATE
MAX FL........................................................................................................................... 100/MEA
If above FL 160:
SIGNS....................................................................................................................................... ON
EMER DESCENT
DESCENT........................................................................................................................INITIATE
THR LEVERS (IF A/THR NOT ENGAGED)..........................................................................IDLE
SPD BRK...............................................................................................................................FULL
L2 Extension of speedbrakes will significantly increase VLS.
In order to avoid autopilot disconnection and automatic retraction of speedbrakes due to
possible activation of angle of attack protection, allow the speed to increase before starting to
use speedbrakes.
L1 SPD..............................................................................................................MAX/APPROPRIATE
L2 Descend at maximum appropriate speed. However, if structural damage is suspected use
the flight controls with care and reduce speed as appropriate. Landing gear may be extended
below 25 000 ft. In this case, speed must be reduced to VLO/VLE.
L1 ENG MODE SEL..................................................................................................................... IGN
ATC................................................................................................................................... NOTIFY
L2 Notify ATC of the nature of the emergency, and state intention. If not in contact with ATC,
transmit a distress message on one of the following frequencies: (VHF) 121.5 MHz, or (HF)
2.182 kHz, or 8 364 kHz.
Squawk 7700 unless otherwise specified by ATC.
To save oxygen, set the oxygen diluter selector to N position.
With the oxygen diluter left to 100 %, oxygen quantity may not be sufficient for the entire
descent profile.
Ensure that the flight crew can communicate wearing oxygen masks. Avoid the continuous use
of the interphone position to minimize the interference from the noise of the oxygen mask.
L1 MAX FL........................................................................................................................... 100/MEA
Continued on the following page
STATUS
MAX FL..................................................................... 100/MEA
PACK 1..........................................................................................................................................OFF
PACK 2..........................................................................................................................................OFF
CABIN CREW........................................................................................................................... ALERT
CAB PR LO DIFF PR
L1
IF UNSUCCESSFUL:
PACK 1................................................................................................................................... OFF
PACK 2................................................................................................................................... OFF
L2 The safety valve has opened due to cabin overpressure, or negative differential pressure.
L1
IF DIFF PR ABV 8 PSI:
MODE SEL.............................................................................................................................MAN
MAN V/S CTL................................................................................................................AS RQRD
L2 If overpressure is confirmed, reduce cabin ΔP.
It may take 10 s in manual mode before the crew notices a change of the outflow valve
position.
L1
IF UNSUCCESSFUL:
A/C FL...................................................................................................................... REDUCE
IF DIFF PR BELOW 0 PSI:
EXPECT HI CAB RATE
A/C V/S........................................................................................................................... REDUCE
Continued on the following page
STATUS
MAN CAB PR CTL
TGT V/S: CLIMB............................................ 500 FT/MIN
TGT V/S: DESC............................................. 300 FT/MIN
A/C FL CAB ALT TGT
390 8 000
350 7 000
300 5 500
250 3 000
< 200 0
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
CAB PR 1 (2)
L2 Due to the slow closure of the outflow valve in manual pressurization mode and depending on the
failure, the following procedure may not avoid the depressurization.
L1 MODE SEL................................................................................................................................... MAN
MAN V/S CTL...................................................................................................................... AS RQRD
L2 ‐ It may take 10 s in manual mode before the crew notices a change of the outflow valve position.
Use the cabin V/S indication to confirm the outflow valve operation.
‐ Monitor cabin V/S and CAB ALT frequently and adjust as necessary.
Maintain aircraft altitude at or above cabin altitude.
‐ The two safety valves limit ΔP to 8.6 PSI.
L12
STATUS
MAN CAB PR CTL INOP SYS
TGT V/S: CLIMB............................................ 500 FT/MIN
TGT V/S: DESC............................................. 300 FT/MIN CAB PR 1 + 2
A/C FL CAB ALT TGT
390 8 000
350 7 000
300 5 500
250 3 000
< 200 0
STATUS
INOP SYS
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
L12
STATUS
• If system not recovered: INOP SYS
CAB TEMP BY PACK ONLY
HOT AIR
Basic temperature regulation is by packs only (remains
automatic).
L12
STATUS
• if HOT AIR closed only: INOP SYS
CAB TEMP BY PACK ONLY
PACK 1 + 2 (if PACKS closed)
Basic temperature regulation by packs only (remains HOT AIR
automatic).
STATUS
INOP SYS
L + R CAB FAN
L2 Cabin zone temperature sensors are normally ventilated by the air extracted by the fan.
Therefore, cabin zone temperature regulation is lost.
L1
Crew awareness.
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
• If ACSC 2 is operative: INOP SYS
CAB TEMP CKPT CTL ONLY
GALLEY FAN
‐ To adjust the cabin zone temperature, use the FWD PACK 2
(1)
L2 Triggered when the AEVC is not supplied, or when the valve position disagrees with the
commanded position, or when the power-up test is not satisfactory.
L1
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
AVNCS VENT
(1)
VENT BLOWER
(1)
VENT EXTRACT
(1) (If AEVC not supplied)
STATUS
INOP SYS
VENT BLOWER
EXTRACT................................................................................................................................... OVRD
L2 The ventilation system is in closed circuit configuration and air from air conditioning is added to the
ventilation air.
STATUS
INOP SYS
VENT EXTRACT
STATUS
MAX FL: 100/MEA (or minimum obstacle clearance altitude) INOP SYS
AVNCS VALVE
L2 This warning is displayed only for involuntary disconnection. For voluntary disconnection an amber
“A/THR OFF” message is displayed in the right lower part of ECAM upper DU. If the A/THR is
failed, the flight crew may recover it by engaging the other AP, and then trying to re-engage the
A/THR.
Note: If the A/THR is recovered with AP 2, A/THR will be lost again at AP 2 disengagement.
L1
Crew awareness.
STATUS
CAT 2 ONLY INOP SYS
A/THR
CAT 3
L2 This warning is displayed only for involuntary disconnection. For voluntary disconnection a red AP
OFF message is displayed in the right lower part of ECAM upper DU.
L1
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
AP (Affected)
CAT 2 (If both AP lost)
L12
STATUS
BOTH PFD ON SAME FAC INOP SYS
(1)
See
CAT 3 DUAL
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY FAC 1(2)
(1) Characteristic speeds, displayed on the two PFDs, are computed by the same FAC.
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
L12
STATUS
MAX SPEED................................................................ 320 KT INOP SYS
RUD WITH CARE ABV 160 KT
REAC W/S DET
APPR PROC F/CTL PROT
FAC 1 + 2
AP 1 + 2
FOR LDG......................................................USE FLAP 3 A/THR
CAT 2
This line is replaced by "FOR LDG : USE FLAP 3" when
CONF 3 is selected, as a reminder.
GPWS LDG FLAP 3.................................................... ON
Displayed, when flaps in CONF 3.
APPR SPD.................................................VREF + 10 KT
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY
STATUS
INOP SYS
FCU 1(2)
STATUS
PFD BARO REF : STD ONLY INOP SYS
• If in LAND or GA:
CAT 2 ONLY FCU 1 + 2
(1)
AP 1 + 2
A/THR
(2)
CAT 3
GPWS TERR
(1)
CAT 2
(1) (If not LAND or GA)
(2) (If in LAND or GA mode)
Crew awareness.
L12
STATUS
INOP SYS
Crew awareness.
STATUS
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY INOP SYS
CAT 3 DUAL
RUD TRIM 1(2)
STATUS
INOP SYS
RUD TRIM
AP 1 + 2
CAT 2
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
L12
STATUS
RUD WITH CARE ABV 160 KT INOP SYS
• If TLU (rudder or pedals) remains locked at high
speed after slat extension: RUD TRV LIM
MAX X WIND FOR LDG 15 KT
AUTO BRK................................................. DO NOT USE
Do not use the autobrake, so as not to delay the
application of differential braking at landing roll.
AT LDG ROLL:
DIFF BRAKING.......................................... AS RQRD
Note: An autoland must not be performed with a crosswind greater than 12 kt.
Crew awareness.
Continued on the following page
STATUS
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY INOP SYS
CAT 3 DUAL
YAW DAMPER 1(2)
L2
Loss of yaw dampers 1 + 2.
L1 FAC 1.......................................................................................................................... OFF THEN ON
FAC 2.......................................................................................................................... OFF THEN ON
If fault remains:
L12
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
L12
STATUS
MAX SPEED................................................................ 320 KT INOP SYS
Speed is limited, due to the loss of high-speed protections.
F/CTL PROT
YAW DAMPER
APPR PROC AP 1 + 2
CAT 2
FOR LDG......................................................USE FLAP 3
This line is replaced by "FOR LDG : USE FLAP 3" when
CONF 3 is selected, as a reminder.
GPWS LDG FLAP 3.................................................... ON
Will be displayed, when flaps in CONF 3.
APPR SPD.................................................VREF + 10 KT
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY
AP/FD lateral and vertical selected modes, and A/THR, are available immediately after the reset. If
necessary, the pilot may perform the FCU selections for short-term navigation.
When the FMS has automatically recovered:
‐ The database cycle may have changed
‐ The FMGS does not autotune the ILS and ADF
‐ The FMS position bias is lost
‐ Lateral and vertical managed modes cannot re-engage
‐ The “CAB PR LDG ELEV FAULT” message is displayed on the ECAM
‐ A “MAP NOT AVAIL” message may be displayed on one ND.
Depending on the flight phase, apply the following procedure(s) as appropriate:
INITIAL APPROACH OR CLOSE TO ILS INTERCEPTION:
When the system has recovered:
Access the RAD NAV Page, and manually tune the ILS (preferably using Ident). Enter the
ILS course, if a frequency has been entered.
Fly in selected speed.
Note: ‐ LOC and G/S guidance modes are available
‐ VLS speed is still available and displayed on the PFD
‐ Missed approach trajectory is not available.
DESCENT (IF TIME PERMITS) :
When the system has recovered:
Select the initial database
Perform DIR TO a downpath waypoint. Select heading, if required.
Perform a LAT REV at the downpath waypoint and redefine the DESTINATION in the NEW
DEST field.
Redefine the arrival and/or the approach procedure.
Select the FUEL PRED Page, and enter the GW.
Activate the APPROACH phase.
Enter destination data on the PERF APPR Page, as required. Managed speed is available.
STATUS
INOP SYS
ACARS
L2 Passenger address, cabin and service interphone, and passenger signs are inoperative.
L1
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
CIDS
STATUS
INOP SYS
HF 1(2) DATA
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
SATCOM DATA
STATUS
INOP SYS
SATCOM
L2 1. If any Push To Talk (PTT) transmission selector (sidestick PTT , hand mike PTT , or
ACP PTT switch ) is jammed in the transmit position, try to release it in order to remove the
caution.
2. If unsuccessful, deselect the identified failed VHF/HF transmission keys on the associated Audio
Control Panel (ACP) to remove the caution. This ACP should only be used in reception mode.
The associated PTT transmission selectors must not be used.
Note: In this case, the ACP of the unaffected side may be used to recover the deselected
VHF/HF channel.
3. If no transmission key on the ACP is found in the “transmit” position, pull the affected VHF/HF
C/B associated to the ECAM message : COM\HF1 C/B HA 14 on 49 VU, COM NAV\HF2 C/B
L13 on 121 VU, COM\VHF\1 C/B G09 on 49 VU, COM NAV\VHF\2 C/B L04 on 121 VU, COM
\VHF\3 C/B L05 on 121 VU.
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
VHF 3 DATA
C/B TRIPPED
Crew awareness.
If one green circuit breaker (C/B) is tripped, one of the following messages appears after
one minute, depending on the location of the affected C/B:
C/B TRIPPED ON OVHD PNL
C/B TRIPPED ON L(R) ELEC BAY
C/B TRIPPED REAR PNL J-M OR N-R OR S-V OR W-Z
L2 Note: In flight, do not reengage a C/B that has tripped by itself, unless the Captain judges
it necessary to do so for the safe continuation of the flight. This procedure should be
adopted only as a last resort, and only one reengagement should be attempted.
On ground, do not reengage the C/B of the fuel pump(s) of any tank. For all other
C/Bs, if the flight crew coordinates the action with maintenance, the flight crew may
reengage a tripped C/B, provided that the cause of the tripped C/B is identified.
L2 AC BUS 1 normally supplies the AC ESS BUS, and, via the TR1, the DC ESS BUS. In the case of
an AC BUS 1 FAULT, the AC ESS BUS and the DC ESS BUS will automatically recover, due to the
fact that the AC BUS 2 will automatically supply the AC ESS BUS.
If AC BUS 2 does not automatically supply the AC ESS BUS, the flight crew can recover the AC
ESS BUS and the DC ESS BUS by setting the AC ESS FEED pb-sw to ALTN, as requested by the
AC ESS BUS FAULT ECAM procedure.
L1 BLOWER.................................................................................................................................... OVRD
L2 The avionics ventilation system is in the closed circuit configuration.
Air conditioning is added to the ventilation air.
L1
SECONDARY FAILURES
* AVNCS VENT
* HYD
* FUEL
* F/CTL
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY INOP SYS
INOP SYS
Note: The warning may be caused by a sub BUS failure. Consequently, only a part of the
above-listed systems may be lost.
EXTRACT................................................................................................................................... OVRD
L2 The avionics ventilation system is in the closed circuit configuration.
Air conditioning is added to the ventilation air.
L1
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
* AVNCS VENT
* FUEL
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
INOP SYS
See below
INOP SYS
Note: The warning may be caused by a sub BUS failure. Consequently, only a part of the
above-listed systems may be lost.
L2 The AC ESS BUS is supplied from the AC BUS 2 although the AC ESS FEED pb-sw switch is set
to normal.
L1
Crew awareness.
L12
STATUS
INOP SYS
See below
INOP SYS
Note: The warning may be caused by a sub BUS failure. As a result, only a part of the
above-listed systems may be lost.
ATC/XPDR................................................................................................................................. SYS 2
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
INOP SYS
CAPT AOA
See below
MCDU 1
CAPT ND
CAPT AOA heat
ADF 1
ATC 1
DME 1
CVR
APU fuel pump
Passenger oxygen masks (auto
+ manual)
HF 1
Note: The warning may be caused by a failure in a sub BUS. Consequently only a part of the
systems listed above may be lost.
STATUS
INOP SYS
(1)
MAIN GALLEY
APU GEN
(1) (When only one GEN operating)
STATUS
APU BAT START NOT AVAIL INOP SYS
BAT 1(2)
STATUS
APU BAT START NOT AVAIL
Crew awareness.
STATUS
APU BAT START NOT AVAIL INOP SYS
BCL 1(2)
Crew awareness.
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
APU BAT START NOT AVAIL INOP SYS
ECB is no longer supplied
APU FIRE DET
APU ECB
Stick and rudder pedals lock
(by AP)
Fwd (aft) cargo fire ext
Fwd cargo heat controller
Fwd cargo isol valves
APU fuel LP valve
Manual pressure control
Note: The warning may
be caused by a
sub BUS failure.
Consequently,
only a part of
the above-listed
systems may be
lost.
BLOWER.................................................................................................................................... OVRD
EXTRACT................................................................................................................................... OVRD
L2 The Air conditioning system provides ventilation to the avionics. This ventilation air is exhausted
overboard.
L1
SECONDARY FAILURES
*AVNCS VENT
*FUEL
L12
STATUS
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY INOP SYS
See below
INOP SYS
Note: The warning may be caused by a sub BUS failure. Consequently, only a part of the
above-listed systems may be lost.
L1
If ABN CAB V/S:
MAX FL........................................................................................................................... 100/MEA
SECONDARY FAILURES
* CAB PRESS
* FUEL
* WHEEL
* F/CTL
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY INOP SYS
INOP SYS
Note: The warning may be caused by a sub BUS failure. Consequently, only a part of the
above-listed systems may be lost.
BLOWER.................................................................................................................................... OVRD
EXTRACT................................................................................................................................... OVRD
BARO REF...............................................................................................................................CHECK
L2 Crosscheck the barometer reference settings on the FCU and PFDs.
L2 Brake pressure must be limited to approximately 1 000 PSI, since antiskid is lost.
L1
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
* CAB PRESS
* FUEL
* AIR COND
* BRAKES
* F/CTL
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
MAX BRK PR............................................................1000 PSI INOP SYS
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY
See below
ENG 1 APPR IDLE ONLY
ENG 2 APPR IDLE ONLY
BOTH PFD ON SAME FAC
CTR TK FUEL UNUSABLE
APU BAT START NOT AVAIL
CAB AT FIXED TEMP
SLATS/FLAPS SLOW
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY
INOP SYS
Note: The warning may be caused by a failure in a sub BUS. Consequently, only a part of
the above-listed systems may be lost.
But, DC BUS 1, DC BUS 2, and DC BAT BUS are still not supplied.
L1
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
L2 Brake pressure must be limited to approximately 1 000 PSI, since antiskid is lost.
L1
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
* CAB PRESS
* HYD
* FUEL
* AIR COND
* BRAKES
* WHEEL
* F/CTL
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
MIN RAT SPEED......................................................... 140 KT INOP SYS
PROC: GRVTY FUEL FEEDING
MAX BRK PR.......................................................... 1 000 PSI See below
FUEL GRVTY FEED
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY
INOP SYS
recover communications.
L1 BARO REF...............................................................................................................................CHECK
L2 Crosscheck the barometer reference settings on the FCU and the PFD.
L1 GPWS............................................................................................................................................ OFF
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
* CAB PRESS
* HYD
* F/CTL
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY INOP SYS
INOP SYS
Capt rain repellent Avionics air cond valve Standby compass light
HP fuel shutoff valves SFCC 1 RMP 1
Hyd fire valves Eng 1 and 2 Ram air inlet ECAM Control Panel
Left loudspeaker DC SHED ESS BUS
Note: 1. Before arming the approach mode, the ECAM STATUS displays “CAT 3 SINGLE”.
However, the real landing capability is CAT 2, and is correctly displayed on the
FMA when the approach mode is armed.
2. The warning may be caused by a sub BUS failure. Consequently, only a part of the
above-listed systems may be lost.
EXTRACT................................................................................................................................... OVRD
L2 Cooling air is supplied by the air conditioning system, without overboard extraction.
L1 AVOID ICING CONDITIONS
SECONDARY FAILURES
*AVNCS VENT
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
AVOID ICING CONDITIONS INOP SYS
• IF SEVERE ICE ACCRETION
MIN SPD................................................VLS + 10/G DOT WING A. ICE
AP 1
MANEUVER WITH CARE CAT 3 DUAL
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY FAC 1
VENT EXTRACT
BOTH PFD ON SAME FAC AFT CRG HEAT
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY FWD CRG HEAT
AFT CRG VENT
FWD CRG VENT
FCDC 1
See below
LAND ASAP
MIN RAT SPEED......................................................................................................................140 KT
CAUTION The RAT is capable of supplying the EMER GEN down to 125 kt, except during
flare.
GEN 1 + 2................................................................................................................... OFF THEN ON
IF UNSUCCESSFUL:
BUS TIE.................................................................................................................................. OFF
L2 Setting BUS TIE pb-sw to OFF segregates both generator channels.
L1 GEN 1 + 2.............................................................................................................OFF THEN ON
L2 Note: If any generator reset is successful, reset both FAC’s.
L1 EMER ELEC PWR (IF EMER GEN NOT IN LINE)........................................................ MAN ON
ENG MODE SEL..................................................................................................................... IGN
L2 Engines are fed by gravity only.
L1 VHF1/HF1 /ATC1/...................................................................................................................USE
L2 Only VHF 1, HF 1 and ATC 1 are supplied in the electrical emergency configuration.
Note: FMGC 1, which is lost temporarily, can be regained by flight crew passing through the
MCDU MENU page.
L1 FUEL GRVTY FEED
L2 Engines are fed by gravity only. Avoid negative Gs.
L1 PROC: GRVTY FUEL FEEDING
L2 Apply GRVTY FUEL FEEDING procedure (Refer to PRO-ABN-28 GRVTY FUEL FEEDING).
L1 BUS TIE......................................................................................................................................AUTO
L2 Setting BUS TIE pb-sw to AUTO enables the APU to take an available electrical channel.
L2 APU start is not available for 45 s after the loss of both engine generators. This 45 s delay prevents
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
L2 ECAM lower display is not available. STATUS page is displayed on the upper ECAM display, as
long as the STS pb is pressed.
L12
STATUS
MIN RAT SPEED......................................................... 140 KT INOP SYS
MAX SPEED................................................................ 320 KT
MAX BRK PR.......................................................... 1 000 PSI F/CTL PROT
REVERSER 1 + 2
FUEL GRVTY FEED ADR 2+3
AVOID NEGATIVE G FACTOR IR 2
RA 1+2
Note: If there are discrepancies between airspeed
SPLR 1+2+5
indications on the Captain’s PFD and on the ELAC 2
STBY indicator, disregard the STBY indication SEC 2+3
(probe not deiced). A/CALL OUT
AP 1+2
APPR PROC A/THR
FUEL PUMPS
ANTI SKID
FOR LDG......................................................USE FLAP 3 N/W STRG
This line is replaced by "FOR LDG: USE FLAP 3" when CAT 2
CONF 3 is selected, as a reminder.
APPR SPD...........................................VREF +10/140 KT
Approach speed must be at least minimum RAT speed
(140 kt).
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY
BAT ONLY
ELEC EMER CONFIG SYS REMAINING EMER GEN RUNNING
IN FLIGHT ON THE GROUND
PRESS AUTO SYS 1 NORM NORM NORM
MAN PRESS CTL INOP INOP INOP(a)
RAM AIR NORM NORM NORM
AIR COND PACK VALVE 1 NORM Closure Inop Closure Inop
PRESS PACK VALVE 2 Closure Inop Closure Inop Closure Inop(a)
AVIONIC VENT NORM NORM Partial
AFT CRG ISOL VALVES NORM INOP INOP
AFT CRG HEAT NORM INOP INOP
FMGC (NAV FUNCTION) N°1 only Inop Inop
MCDU N°1 only Inop Inop
FMGS
FAC N°1 only Inop Inop
FCU ch 1 only ch 1 only ch 1 only
VHF 1 NORM NORM NORM
HF 1 NORM INOP INOP
RMP 1 NORM NORM NORM
ACP (CAPT, F/O) NORM NORM NORM
COM
CIDS NORM NORM NORM
INTERPHONE NORM NORM NORM
CVR NORM INOP INOP
LOUDSPEAKER 1 NORM NORM NORM
EMER EQPT CREW OXY NORM NORM (b) NORM (b)
PAX OXY mask release
NORM INOP INOP
(auto + man)
SLIDES ARM/WARN NORM NORM NORM
ENG 1 LOOP A only A only A only
ENG 2 LOOP B only B only B only
APU LOOP INOP INOP INOP(a)
CARGO SMOKE DET Channel 1 INOP INOP
FIRE
ENG FIRE EXT. Bottle 1 only Bottle 1 only Bottle 1 only
APU FIRE EXT. Squib A only Squib A only Squib A only
CARGO FIRE EXT. INOP INOP INOP(a)
APU AUTO EXT. INOP INOP INOP(a)
ELAC N°1 only N°1 + 2 N°1 + 2 (d)
SEC N°1 only N°1 N°1 (d)
FLT CTL FCDC N°1 only INOP INOP
SFCC N°1 only N°1 only N°1 only
Flaps pos ind NORM NORM NORM (c)
Continued on the following page
L2 With the GEN 1 LINE pb-sw (on the EMER ELEC PWR panel) in the OFF position, the GEN 1 line
contactor is open and GEN 2 supplies the AC BUS 1 channel.
L1
Crew awareness.
L2 Set the GEN 1 LINE pb-sw to ON.
L2 DC ESS BUS is supplied by the batteries. AC ESS BUS is also supplied by the batteries, via the
STATIC INVERTER.
L1 LAND ASAP
MIN RAT SPEED......................................................................................................................140 KT
L2 Displayed, if the RAT is extended.
L1 EMER ELEC PWR.................................................................................................................MAN ON
GALY/CAB..................................................................................................................................... OFF
STATUS
INOP SYS
GALY/CAB
L12
STATUS
INOP SYS
Note: If available, the APU may be started, and the
APU GEN used. (1)
MAIN GALLEY
GEN 1(2)
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY CAT 3 DUAL
(1) (only if APU GEN is not online)
STATUS
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY INOP SYS
(1)
MAIN GALLEY
GEN 1(2)
CAT 3 DUAL
(1) (only if APU GEN is not online)
Crew awareness.
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
INOP SYS
Note: If available, the APU may be started, and the
APU GEN used. (1)
MAIN GALLEY
GEN 1(2)
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY CAT 3 DUAL
(1) (only if APU GEN is not online)
IDG (AFFECTED)..........................................................................................................................OFF
L2 If the associated engine is running, the IDG (integrated drive generator) must be disconnected from
the engine at, or above, idle to prevent damage to the disconnect mechanism.
Press the IDG pb-sw until the GEN FAULT light comes on. However, do not press for more than
3 s, to avoid damage to the disengage solenoid
The IDG FAULT light goes off, when the IDG is disconnected.
L12
STATUS
INOP SYS
Note: If available, the APU may be started and the
APU GEN used. (1)
MAIN GALLEY
GEN 1(2)
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY CAT 3 DUAL
(1) (only if APU GEN is not online)
Crew awareness.
Crew awareness.
STATUS
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY INOP SYS
TR 1(2)
CAT 3 DUAL
This procedure should be applied, if the Cockpit Door Locking System (CDLS) fails. This failure is
indicated when the FAULT light on the center pedestal’s COCKPIT DOOR panel comes on.
In the case of a DC BUS 2 fault, no FAULT indication appears on the center pedestal’s COCKPIT
DOOR panel. The CDLS is not electrically-supplied, and is inoperative.
CKPT DOOR CONT panel .....................................................................................................CHECK
This panel is located on the overhead panel. It is used to identify the faulty CDLS item, and to verify
the status of the pressure sensors and the three electrical latches (referred to as strikes).
If one or more electrical latches (strikes) are faulty:
The cockpit door is not intrusion-proof if two or more electrical latches are faulty.
The system may be recovered by performing the following steps:
Cockpit door.........................................................................................................................OPEN
COCKPIT DOOR sw.......................................................................................... SET to UNLOCK
After 30 s:
COCKPIT DOOR sw.............................................................................................. SET to NORM
If two pressure sensors are faulty:
Automatic latch release is not available, in case of cockpit decompression.
If no LED on the CKPT DOOR CONT panel is on:
The CDLS control unit is faulty, therefore, the cockpit door might unlock automatically. If it does
not, consider using the mechanical override system to unlock the door.
APU FIRE
LAND ASAP
APU FIRE P/B............................................................................................................................ PUSH
L2 APU LP valve closes.
Aural warning stops.
APU FIRE pb-sw remains on, as long as a fire is detected.
L1 AGENT AFTER 10 S................................................................................................................ DISCH
L2 The 10 s delay allows the airflow to decrease, which increases the effect of the agent.
STATUS
INOP SYS
APU
LAND ASAP
THR LEVER (AFFECTED)...........................................................................................................IDLE
ENG MASTER (AFFECTED)........................................................................................................ OFF
L2 LP and HP valves close.
L2 The 10 s delay allows N1 to decrease, reducing nacelle ventilation, and thereby increasing the
L1
IF FIRE AFTER 30 S:
AGENT 2.............................................................................................................................DISCH
L2 Discharge the second agent, if the fire warning remains 30 s after the discharge of the first
agent.
L12
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
STATUS
INOP SYS
L2
No crew action required in flight.
STATUS
INOP SYS
LAND ASAP
AFT ISOL VALVE (IF NOT AUTOMATICALLY CLOSED AND AFT AFFECTED)....................... OFF
CAB FANS.....................................................................................................................................OFF
IF FWD (AFT) CRG CLOSED (displayed on ground only):
L2
Order the ground crew not to open the door of the affected cargo compartment, unless the
passengers have disembarked and fire services are present. Also ensure that the FWD(AFT)
cargo door is closed before discharging the extinguishing agent.
L1 AGENT................................................................................................................................ DISCH
L2 Note: Expect the SMOKE warning to remain after agent discharge, even if the smoke
source is extinguished. Gases from the smoke source are not evacuated, and smoke
detectors are also sensitive to the extinguishing agent.
L1
ON GROUND BEFORE OPEN CRG DOORS:
PAX........................................................................................................................... DISEMBARK
L2 Note: If the warning has been displayed temporarily, and agent has not been discharged,
normal cargo ventilation may be recovered when ventilation is required for livestock
transportation:
C/B of CARGO VENT controller (S20 on 122VU, or C7 on 49VU, as installed) ...... PULL
then PUSH
Continued on the following page
STATUS
BEFORE OPEN CRG DOORS (displayed on INOP SYS
ground only):
PAX........................................................ DISEMBARK AFT CRG VENT
AFT CRG HEAT (If aft
affected)
L2 If bottle 1 is lost, fire extinguishing capability is lost in the FWD(AFT) cargo compartment.
If bottle 2 is lost, agent concentration will not be ensured after fire extinguishing.
L1
Crew awareness.
IF NO LIVE STOCK:
AFT ISOL VALVE (IF AFT AFFECTED)................................................................................ OFF
STATUS
INOP SYS
FWD(AFT)
CRG DET
AVIONICS SMOKE
SMOKE/FUMES/AVNCS SMOKE
This procedure includes all the steps of the AVIONICS SMOKE ECAM procedure.
Apply this procedure when:
‐ The flight (cabin) crew suspect that smoke is coming from the avionics, and/or the air
conditioning, and/or the cabin equipment.
‐ Requested by the AVIONICS SMOKE ECAM procedure.
‐ There is a smell of smoke/fumes in the cockpit :
• If the smell is similar to that of orange peels, suspect a toxic leak of rain repellent fluid.
• If the smell is similar to that of pine needles, suspect a non-toxic leak.
If any other ECAM SMOKE alert triggers (CARGO, ...), the crew must first apply the ECAM
procedure, then consider applying this procedure.
Note that these ECAM alerts may be caused by another source, that should usually first be
detected by the flight crew/cabin crew/avionics smoke detectors.
The following explains the layout of this procedure:
‐ The procedure lines above the text boxes indicate the actions that the flight crew must
immediately perform, if smoke is detected (with or without ECAM activation and regardless of
the smoke source). These immediate actions correspond to the most common steps to be taken
in smoke cases. In all cases, the flight crew must also be prepared to immediately perform a
diversion. However, this diversion may be avoided if the smoke source is obvious, accessible
and extinguishable or confirmed isolated (after completion of the immediate actions).
‐ The text boxes indicate the actions that the flight crew must consider, if at any time during the
remainder of the procedure but always after the initial steps:
• Smoke/fumes become the greatest threat and removal of smoke/fumes is required, and/or
• The situation becomes critical and can no longer be controlled.
‐ The procedure lines below the text boxes indicate the actions that the flight crew must perform,
as soon as they suspect a source of smoke. The actions will depend on whether the smoke is
coming from the avionics, and/or air conditioning, and/or cabin equipment.
LAND ASAP
IF PERCEPTIBLE SMOKE APPLY IMMEDIATELY:
If smoke is confirmed, the following procedure must be applied.
If required:
OXY MASK/GOGGLE.................................................................................... USE/100%/EMERG
Ensure crew communication is established. Avoid continuous use of the interphone to minimize
interference from the oxygen mask breathing noise.
Continued on the following page
At ANY TIME of the procedure, if situation becomes critical and can no longer be
controlled:
IMMEDIATE LANDING.............................................................................................. CONSIDER
Note: The electrical configuration is the same as for loss of both generators (except
that one fuel pump in each wing tank remains supplied).
VHF 1/HF 1/ATC 1.......................................................................................................USE
Only VHF 1, HF 1 and ATC 1 are supplied in this configuration. Notify the ATC of the
nature of the emergency, and state intentions. If there is no contact with the ATC, switch
to code A7700, or transmit a distress message on one of the following frequencies: VHF
121.5 MHz, HF 2 182 kHz, or 8 364 kHz.
FAC 1......................................................................................................... OFF THEN ON
Rudder trim is recovered, despite the fact that no indication is available.
3MN/2000 FT BEFORE LDG:
Restore all generators only 3 min before landing or at 2 000 ft AAL to recover normal
braking, while minimizing possible reactivation of a smoke source.
GEN 2...................................................................................................................... ON
EMER ELEC GEN 1 LIN.........................................................................................ON
F/CTL ALTN LAW (PROT LOST)
Flight control normal laws and associated protections are lost. Only the load factor
limitation, and the high and low speed stability remain (ALTN law with reduced
protection).
MAX SPEED............................................................................................................320 KT
Continued on the following page
ECAM lower display is not available. STATUS SD page is displayed on the upper ECAM display, as
long as the STATUS pb is pressed.
STATUS
MIN RAT SPEED......................................................... 140 KT INOP SYS
MAX SPEED................................................................ 320 KT
MAX BRK PR............................................................1000 PSI Refer to PRO-ABN-24-ELEC
EMER CONFIG SYS
FOR LDG................................................... USE FLAPS 3 REMAINING-21-AIR
GPWS LDG FLAP 3.................................................... ON CONDITIONING/VENTILATION
APPR SPD..................................................VREF +10 KT /PRESSURIZATION ELEC
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY EMER CONFIG SYS
ENG 1+2 APPR IDLE ONLY REMAINING (except for fuel
pumps).
ENG 1+2 N1 DEGRADED MODE
(IAE-powered aircraft )
ALTN LAW: PROT LOST
WHEN L/G DN: DIRECT LAW
CTR TK FUEL UNUSABLE
SLATS/FLAPS SLOW
After recovery of normal electrical supply, the
following STATUS will be displayed:
MAX SPEED................................................... 320 KT
APPR SPD........................................... VREF +10 KT
LDG DIST PROC............................................ APPLY
APPR PROC
REMOVAL OF SMOKE/FUMES
Apply the REMOVAL OF SMOKE/FUMES paper procedure, if smoke/fumes become the greatest
threat when applying the SMOKE/FUMES/AVNCS SMOKE paper procedure.
EMER EXIT LIGHT.......................................................................................................................... on
If fuel vapors:
CAB FANS................................................................................................................................ON
The recirculating air ventilates the air mixer bay and other fuselage area. This prevents fuel
vapors from accumulating and the risk of explosion. Passenger health is not affected.
PACK 1+2............................................................................................................................... OFF
If no fuel vapors:
CAB FANS.............................................................................................................................. OFF
To prevent smoke from entering the cockpit and cabin.
PACK FLOW.............................................................................................................................. HI
To provide maximum airflow from the packs.
Do not shut down the air conditioning packs, and do not reduce ventilation in an attempt to
smother the fire.
Do not deploy oxygen masks, if fire is suspected in the cabin.
LDG ELEV........................................................................................................10000 FT/MEA-MORA
DESCENT (FL 100, or MEA-MORA, or minimum obstacle clearance altitude).....................INITIATE
The most effective means of smoke removal is use of ram air. Therefore, descent is initiated to
FL 100 or the MEA-MORA, or the minimum obstacle clearance altitude, while the cabin altitude is
increased to 10 000 ft or the MEA-MORA.
The increase in cabin altitude also reduces, at least temporarily, the smoke concentration. Cabin
depressurization starts, when descent is initiated.
ATC..........................................................................................................................................NOTIFY
SMOKE/FUMES/AVNCS SMOKE PROC..........................................................................CONTINUE
While descending, continue applying the appropriate steps of the SMOKE/FUMES/AVNCS SMOKE
procedure depending on the suspected smoke source.
At FL100, or MEA-MORA:
APU MASTER SW (if in ELEC EMER CONFIG).....................................................................ON
In electrical emergency configuration, when the APU MASTER pb-sw is ON, the battery
contactors will automatically close for a maximum of 3 min. This will enable the flight crew to
manually control the outflow valve that is powered by the DC BAT BUS.
PACKS 1+2.............................................................................................................................OFF
Continued on the following page
IF NO LIVE STOCK:
AFT ISOL VALVE................................................................................................................... OFF
PAX SYS ............................................................................................................................... OFF
STATUS
INOP SYS
SMOKE DET
STATUS
INOP SYS
LAV DET
L2 Communication must be established with the cabin crew in order to follow up on the smoke origin
and dissipation.
Consider applying the SMOKE/FUMES/AVNCS SMOKE paper procedure.
L1 CKPT/CAB COM...............................................................................................................ESTABLISH
L2 The warning is triggered, when on the ground, if either stick is inoperative (takeover pushbutton
pressed more than 30 s).
L1 L (R) TAKEOVER .............................................................................................................. DEPRESS
Crew awareness.
Crew awareness.
Crew awareness.
Crew awareness.
Crew awareness.
L2 All protections, except maneuver protections, are lost. Depending on the failure, static stability may
be introduced.
L1 Note: In case of GPWS (EGPWS ) alerts, since protections are lost, respect stall warnings
when applying the GPWS (EGPWS ) procedure.
MAX SPEED.............................................................................................................................320 KT
L2 (320/.77 if dual hydraulic system low pressure). Speed is limited to 320 /.82 or 320/.77 for dual
hydraulic failure, due to the loss of high-speed protection.
L1 SPD BRK (IF L OR R ELEVATOR FAULT) .................................................................DO NOT USE
L12
STATUS
MAX SPEED................................................................ 320 KT INOP SYS
(320/.77, if dual hydraulic system low pressure).
F/CTL PROT
SPD BRK (IF L OR R ELEVATOR FAULT)....... DO NOT USE
APPR PROC
• If no AP engaged:
WHEN L/G DN: DIRECT LAW
At landing gear extension, control reverts to direct law
in pitch, as well as in roll. Refer to PRO-ABN-27-F/CTL
DIRECT LAW
• If AP engaged:
WHEN L/G DN AND AP OFF: DIRECT LAW
If the autopilot is disengaged:
‐ Before landing gear extension, flight control alternate law
is active.
‐ After landing gear extension, flight control direct law is
active. Refer to PRO-ABN-27-F/CTL DIRECT LAW
ALTN LAW: PROT LOST
L2 PFD displays « USE MAN PITCH TRIM » in amber. Refer to PRO-SUP-27-50 Aircraft Trimming
L1 (PROT LOST)
L2 Note: In case of GPWS ( EGPWS ) alerts, since protections are lost, respect stall warning
when applying the GPWS (EGPWS ) procedure.
L1 MAX SPEED.............................................................................................................................320/.77
L2 Speed is limited, due to the loss of high-speed protection. Do not exceed M 0.77, so as not to
degrade handling qualities.
L1 MAN PITCH TRIM (EXCEPT IF HYD Y + G SYS LO PR).......................................................... USE
L2 Use small control inputs at high speed, since in direct law the controls are powerful. Use of manual
L2 At high Mach numbers, use speed brakes with care to avoid too strong nose up changes.
L12
STATUS
MAX SPEED................................................................ 320/.77 INOP SYS
MANEUVER WITH CARE
USE SPD BRK WITH CARE F/CTL PROT
APPR PROC
DIRECT LAW
CAUTION Do not reset ELAC, if uncommanded maneuvers occurred during the flight.
ELAC (AFFECTED)..................................................................................................... OFF THEN ON
L2 Note: 1. In some sidestick transducer failure cases, ELAC 1(2) FAULT is triggered without the
procedure, and FAULT It on associated pb does not come on.
2. If the ELAC 1 computer is reset on ground the pitch trim returns to the ground setting
position (0 °).
L1
IF UNSUCCESSFUL:
ELAC (AFFECTED)................................................................................................................ OFF
L2 Functions are performed by the other ELAC. LAF is degraded (A320 with LAF only)
STATUS
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY INOP SYS
ELAC 1(2)
CAT 3 DUAL
L12
STATUS
MAX SPEED................................................................ 320 KT INOP SYS
STATUS
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY INOP SYS
(1)
ELAC PITCH
CAT 3 DUAL
(1) (If ELAC 1 and 2 PITCH FAULT)
STATUS
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY INOP SYS
CAT 3 DUAL
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
FCDC 1(2)
STATUS
F/CTL INDICATIONS LOST INOP SYS
FCDC 1 + 2
L2 The flap lever is not in the zero position, and the aircraft is above 22 000 ft.
L1
Crew awareness.
STATUS
ENG 1(2) APPR IDLE ONLY
FLAPS SLOW
If flaps locked:
WING TIP BRK ON OR ALIGNMENT FAULT
MAX SPEED......................... REFER TO PRO-ABN-27 F/CTL FLAPS/SLATS FAULT/LOCKED
L2 Limit speed to the VFE corresponding to the next flap position
L1 FLAPS LEVER (IF FLAPS NOT LOCKED).................................................................. RECYCLE
L2 Return to the previous selection, then back to the desired position.
If unsuccessful:
Refer to PRO-ABN-10 Landing with Slats or Flaps Jammed .
The autopilot may be used down to 500 ft AGL. As it is not tuned for abnormal configurations,
its behavior can be less than optimum and must be monitored.
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
APPR PROC INOP SYS
FLAPS
FOR LDG (IF FLAPS ≤ 3)............................ USE FLAP 3 (1)
AP 1+2
This line is replaced by “FOR LDG : USE FLAP 3” when A/THR
(1)
CONF 3 is selected, as a reminder (1)
Moreover, both FDs are lost
FLAPS (IF FLAPS>3)......................... KEEP CONF FULL CAT 2
(1)
GPWS FLAP MODE (IF FLAPS < 3)......................... OFF
GPWS LDG FLAP 3 (IF FLAPS ≥ 3)........................... ON
APPR SPD............................................................ REFER
TO PRO-ABN-27 F/CTL FLAPS/SLATS FAULT/LOCKED
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY
MAX SPEED
Flaps(1)
F=0 0<F≤1 1<F≤2 2<F≤3 F>3
Slats(1)
S=0 NO LIMITATION Not allowed
0 < S <1 215 kt (177 kt)
230 kt 200 kt 185 kt
S=1
1<S≤3 200 kt
S>3 177 kt
(1) Slats/Flaps position displayed on the upper ECAM display.
APPR SPD
Flaps(1)
F=0 0<F<1 1≤F<2 2≤F<3 F≥3
Slats(1)
VREF +60 (Appr) (FLAPS > 3
S=0
VREF +50 (Touch Down) VREF +30 VREF +25 not allowed)
0<S<1 VREF +45 VREF +25
1≤S≤3 VREF +10
VREF +25 VREF +15 VREF +10
S>3 VREF +5
(1) Slats/Flaps position displayed on the upper ECAM display.
CAUTION For flight with SLATS or FLAPS extended, fuel consumption is increased.
Refer to the fuel flow indication.
As a guideline, determine the fuel consumption in clean configuration, at the same
altitude without airspeed limitation (e.g. from ALTERNATE FLIGHT PLANNING
tables, Refer to PER-FPL-FLP-ALN-20 ALTERNATE PLANNING ISA), and
multiply this result by the applicable Fuel Penalty Factor provided in the QRH Refer
to QRH/PER-B Fuel Penalty Factors Tables to obtain the fuel penalty required to
reach the destination in the current configuration.
Crew awareness.
L2
GND SPLR FAULT:
Loss of ground spoiler function in SEC 1+3, or 1+2, or 2+3, or 1+2+3.
If ground spoiler function is lost in SEC (1+2) or (1+3), one reverser is inoperative.
If ground spoiler function is lost in SEC (1+2+3), both reversers are inoperative.
In any case, the autobrake function is lost.
GND SPLR 1+2(3+4) FAULT:
Loss of ground spoiler function in SEC 3 (or 1).
STATUS
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY INOP SYS
Crew awareness.
L12
STATUS
INOP SYS
L (R) AIL
Note: With one or both aileron fault(s), fuel consumption is increased.
Disregard FMS predictions and refer to QRH/PER-B Fuel Penalty Factors Tables in
order to find the applicable Fuel Penalty Factor.
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
L12
STATUS
MAX SPEED................................................................ 320 KT INOP SYS
SPD BRK...........................................................DO NOT USE
F/CTL PROT
APPR PROC L (R) ELEV
ELAC PITCH
AP 1+2
FOR LDG......................................................USE FLAP 3 CAT 2
This line is replaced by “FOR LDG : USE FLAP 3” when
CONF 3 is selected, as a reminder.
GPWS LDG FLAP 3.................................................... ON
Will be displayed, when flaps in CONF 3.
APPR SPD................................................... VREF+10 KT
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY
MAX SPEED.............................................................................................................................320/.77
L2 Due to loss of high speed protections.
L1 MAN PITCH TRIM........................................................................................................................ USE
L2 Do not use speed brakes, because it is difficult to control the induced pitch moment with manual
L12
STATUS
MAX SPEED................................................................ 320/.77 INOP SYS
SPD BRK...........................................................DO NOT USE
L+R ELEV
APPR PROC ELAC PITCH
AP 1+2
CAT 2
FOR LDG......................................................USE FLAP 3
This line is replaced by “FOR LDG : USE FLAP 3” when
CONF 3 is selected, as a reminder
GPWS LDG FLAP 3.................................................... ON
Will be displayed when flaps in CONF 3.
MAN PITCH TRIM..................................................... USE
APPR SPD.........................................................VREF+10
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY
Crew awareness.
L12
STATUS
SPD BRK...........................................................DO NOT USE INOP SYS
(If SEC 1 is affected.) (1)
F/CTL PROT
If SEC 1 + 2 + 3 fail: SPLR (associated)
FOR LDG............................................... USE FLAP 3 SEC (affected)
APPR SPD........................................... VREF + 10KT REVERSER 1(2)
(2)
(3)
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY AUTO BRK
• (If SEC 1 + 2 + 3 fail).
ALTN LAW: PROT LOST
• If no AP engaged
and
SEC 1 + 2 + 3 fail.
WHEN L/G DN: DIRECT LAW
If SEC 1 + 2 + 3 fail. In such a case, the LGCIU
information can no longer be sent to the ELAC. For the
activation of DIRECT law, the ELAC uses the condition
“slats and flaps in CONF 2”, instead of “landing gear
down”.
• If AP engaged
and
SEC 1 + 2 + 3 fail.
WHEN L/G DN AND AP OFF: DIRECT LAW
If SEC 1 + 2 + 3 fail. In such a case, the LGCIU
information can no longer be sent to the ELAC. For the
activation of DIRECT law, the ELAC uses the condition
“slats and flaps in CONF 2”, instead of “landing gear
down”.
(1) (If SEC 1 + 2 + 3 fail)
(2) (If SEC 1 + 2 fail, reverser 1 is not available for landing. If SEC 1 + 3 fail, reverser 2 is not
available for landing)
(3) (If at least 2 SECs fail)
Crew awareness.
STATUS
SLATS SLOW
FLAPS LEVER.....................................................................................................................RECYCLE
If both slat channels fail:
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
L12
STATUS
• If both slat channels fail: INOP SYS
MAX SPEED..........................................................320 KT
(1)
ALTN LAW: PROT LOST F/CTL PROT
SLATS
APPR PROC FLAPS
(2)
AP 1+2
(2)
FOR LDG......................................................USE FLAP 1 A/THR
(2)
Moreover, both FDs are lost
With FLAPS lever set at 1, AP/FD GO AROUND mode is (2)
CAT 2
available.
CTR TK PUMPS........................................................ OFF
GPWS FLAP MODE...................................................OFF
APPR SPD..................................................VREF +60 KT
Approach with A/THR in selected mode is recommended.
If both slat channels fail:
WHEN L/G DN: DIRECT LAW
AT 300 FT AGL:
TARGET SPD.......................................VREF +50 KT
Reduce speed between 500 ft and 300 ft to reach
VREF +50 kt at runway threshold and disconnect
A/THR, as the target speed may be below VLS.
LDG DIST PROC............................................ APPLY
L1
If unsuccessful:
L2
Refer to PRO-ABN-10 Landing with Slats or Flaps Jammed.
The autopilot may be used down to 500 ft AGL. As it is not tuned for the abnormal
configurations, its behavior could be less than optimum and must be monitored.
Note: If there is a SLATS FAULT after both slat channels fail, alternate law becomes active
(Refer to PRO-ABN-27 F/CTL ALTN LAW).
L1
If slats not at zero:
FUEL MODE SEL............................................................................................................MAN
L2 To allow CTR TK feeding.
L1 CTR TK PUMPS.....................................................................................................AS RQRD
L2 Set CTR TK PUMPS pb to OFF when CTR TK is empty or during approach.
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
APPR PROC INOP SYS
(1)
F/CTL PROT
FOR LDG......................................................USE FLAP 3
SLATS
This line is replaced by “FOR LDG : USE FLAP 3” when AP 1+2
(1)
CONF 3 is selected, as a reminder. (1)
A/THR
CTR TK PUMPS........................................................ OFF Moreover, both FDs are lost
(1)
GPWS LDG FLAP 3.................................................... ON CAT 2
(1)
STATUS
• If SPD BRK 3+4 affected: INOP SYS
SPD BRK.................................................... DO NOT USE
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY SPD BRK (affected)
STATUS
SPD BRK...........................................................DO NOT USE INOP SYS
L2 After automatic retraction (due to activation of alpha protection or slats/flaps in configuration full),
surface position is not in agreement with handle position.
L1 SPD BRK LEVER................................................................................................................RETRACT
L2 Loss of speedbrake surfaces, due to failure of the speedbrake lever transducer(s). In addition,
associated ground spoilers are available only through reverse selection.
Continued on the following page
STATUS
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY INOP SYS
SPD BRK
Crew awareness.
STATUS
• If spoilers 3+4 affected: INOP SYS
SPD BRK.................................................... DO NOT USE
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY SPLR (affected)
(1)
SPD BRK
(1) (If spoilers 2+3+4 affected)
L2 When the Flight Control Computers detect a loss of electrical control of the stabilizer, pitch control
law reverts to alternate law. Depending on the type of failure, the MAN PITCH TRIM may still be
available.
L1 MAN PITCH TRIM................................................................................................................... CHECK
L2 The force needed on the PITCH TRIM wheel may be higher than during pre-takeoff manual setting.
L1
IF MAN TRIM AVAIL:
TRIM FOR NEUTRAL ELEV
L2 If manual pitch trim is available, trim to maintain the elevator at the zero position (indications on
ECAM F/CTL page).
L1
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
L12
STATUS
MAX SPEED................................................................ 320 KT INOP SYS
STABILIZER JAM
L2 The ELACs may not detect a stabilizer jam when the pitch trim wheel is jammed.
The flight control normal law remains active in this case and there is no ECAM warning.
Apply the following procedure.
L1 AP.................................................................................................................................................. OFF
MAN PITCH TRIM................................................................................................................... CHECK
L2 The pitch trim wheel may not be fully jammed, the force needed may be higher than pre-takeoff
manual setting.
L1
IF MAN TRIM AVAIL:
TRIM FOR NEUTRAL ELEV
L2 If manual pitch trim is available, trim to maintain the elevator at the zero position (indications on
F/CTL SD page).
L1 APPR PROC
IF MAN TRIM NOT AVAIL:
FOR LDG.............................................................................................................. USE FLAP 3
L2 Do not select configuration full so as not to degrade the handling qualities.
L1 GPWS LDG FLAP 3.............................................................................................................ON
CAT 2 INOP
L2 Rudder jamming may be detected by undue (and adverse) pedal movement during rolling
maneuvers.
This is because the yaw damper orders can no longer be sent to the rudder, but are fed back to the
pedals.
Use F/CTL SD page for a visual check of the rudder position.
L1 FOR APPROACH
AVOID LANDING WITH CROSSWIND from the side where the rudder is deflected.
MAX CROSSWIND for LDG 15 kt
AUTO BRK................................................................................................................ DO NOT USE
L2 Do not use the autobrake, so as not to delay the application of differential braking at landing roll.
L1 FOR LDG...................................................................................................... USE NORMAL CONF
SPEED AND TRAJECTORY............................................................................... STABILIZE ASAP
LDG DIST PROC..................................................................................................................APPLY
ON GROUND
DIFFERENTIAL BRAKING.............................................................................................USE ASAP
L2 Do not use asymmetric reverse thrust.
Use nosewheel steering handle below 70 kt.
L2
Even if the autopilot is disengaged, the sidestick and/or the rudder pedals may be stiff. This may
affect either:
‐ Both sidesticks (CAPT and F/O) at the same time, but not the rudder pedals, or
‐ One sidestick and the rudder pedals at the same time.
The piloting technique remains the same: The aircraft remains responsive.
However, the flight crew should keep in mind that they may need to use extra force on the
sidesticks and/or the rudder pedals.
The extra force required to move the controls out of the neutral position is moderate.
This extra force does not significantly affect the handling of the aircraft.
L1
If sidesticks and/or rudder pedals are stiff after autopilot disengagement, apply the
following procedure:
AP DISENGAGEMENT................................................................................................. CONFIRM
L2 Confirm autopilot disengagement by checking that either:
‐ The FMA no longer displays the AP1(2) indication, or
‐ The AP lights on the FCU are off, or
‐ The ECAM displays the AP1(2) OFF red message, or
‐ The cavalry charge audio alert has triggered.
L1
CONSIDER TRANSFERRING CONTROL TO PNF
L2 If the PNF’s sidestick is not affected.
L1
FOR DECRAB, ROLLOUT, OR ENGINE FAILURE
BE PREPARED TO APPLY EXTRA FORCE ON RUDDER PEDAL
L2 Not applicable if both sidesticks are stiff.
Crew awareness.
STATUS
CTR TK FEED : MAN ONLY
IF NO FUEL LEAK:
FUEL X FEED.......................................................................................................................... ON
CTR TK PUMP (AFFECTED)....................................................................................................... OFF
L2 A fuel imbalance may occur, if the performance of the pumps of one wing is different from that of
the other wing, and the CTR TK PUMP that is not affected stops automatically because:
‐ The R(L) INR TK is full, or
‐ The CTR TK is empty.
In this case, apply the FUEL IMBALANCE procedure, as required. When the CTR TK is empty, the
X FEED pb-sw may be turned off, to avoid a possible fuel imbalance.
Continued on the following page
STATUS
INOP SYS
L2 Set FUEL MODE SEL pb-sw to MAN, to avoid the possible triggering of the FUEL CTR TK PUMPS
OFF ECAM caution.
L1 CTR TK PUMP 1.......................................................................................................................... OFF
CTR TK PUMP 2.......................................................................................................................... OFF
CTR TK UNUSABLE
L2 Gravity feeding from the center tank is not possible (no by-pass valve fitted on the center tank
pumps).
STATUS
CTR TK FUEL UNUSABLE INOP SYS
CTR TK PUMPS
L2
The center tank pumps pushbuttons are OFF, with slats retracted.
L1 CTR TK PUMP 1............................................................................................................................ ON
CTR TK PUMP 2............................................................................................................................ ON
Crew awareness.
Crew awareness.
FUEL IMBALANCE
FOB.......................................................................................................................................... CHECK
Compare the FOB + FU, with the FOB at departure.
If the difference is significant, or if the FOB + FU decreases, suspect a fuel leak.
CAUTION A fuel imbalance may indicate a fuel leak.
Do not apply this procedure, if a fuel leak is suspected.
Refer to PRO-ABN-28 FUEL LEAK.
FUEL X FEED.................................................................................................................................ON
On the lighter side and in the center tank:
FUEL PUMPS......................................................................................................................... OFF
When fuel is balanced:
FUEL PUMPS (WING + CTR)................................................................................................. ON
FUEL X FEED........................................................................................................................ OFF
Note: There is no requirement to correct an imbalance, until the ECAM fuel advisory is
displayed.
FUEL LEAK
L2 This caution may spuriously trigger due to interference from communication equipment.
Therefore, the flight crew should wait 2 min while the fuel temperature measurement is updated.
After 2 min, if the ECAM caution has not disappeared, the flight crew must apply the following
procedure:
L1 GALLEY......................................................................................................................................... OFF
L2 Reducing electrical loads reduce heat emitted by IDG.
L1
On the ground:
LIMITED TAXI TIME
If temp reaches 60° C in outer cell or 54° C in inner cell:
DELAY T.O.
ENG MASTER (AFFECTED SIDE)................................................................................. OFF
In flight:
ENG F. FLOW (AFFECTED SIDE)............................................................................. INCREASE
L2 Disconnect autothrust. Adjust the thrust lever to increase fuel flow through the IDG oil heat
exchanger and decrease the temperature of the fuel returning to the outer cell.
L1
IF TEMP ABV 65 DEG C in outer cell or 57 DEG C in inner cell:
APU.........................................................................................................................AS RQRD
L2 APU if available may be started and APU GEN used to allow IDG disconnection.
L1
If opposite GEN avail:
IDG (AFFECTED SIDE).............................................................................................OFF
TK PUMP (AFFECTED)................................................................................................................OFF
L2 Note: Aircraft altitude must be limited to 35 000 ft if a single fuel pump feeds both engines with
hot JET B (JP4) fuel (fuel temperature above 30 °C).
STATUS
INOP SYS
TK PUMP (affected)
L2 The alert is automatically recalled, when reaching FL 150, while climbing or descending.
L1
IF NO FUEL LEAK:
FUEL X FEED (IF ABOVE FL150).......................................................................................... ON
ENG MODE SEL............................................................................................................................IGN
L2 The selection of continuous relight protects against flame-out, caused by possible fuel supply
surging.
L1 TK PUMP 1 (AFFECTED).............................................................................................................OFF
TK PUMP 2 (AFFECTED).............................................................................................................OFF
WHEN TK (affected) FUEL RQRD:
TK (AFFECTED) FEED.......................................................................................... GRVTY ONLY
L2 Apply GRVTY FUEL FEED procedure, (Refer to PRO-ABN-28 GRVTY FUEL FEEDING).
Fuel from the affected tank may be used immediately if there is no ceiling limitation for gravity
fuel feeding.
L1 FUEL X FEED (IF BELOW FL150)...............................................................................................OFF
If FUEL X FEED off:
L2
As long as fuel X feed is closed, associated engine is fed by gravity only.
L1
PROC: GRVTY FUEL FEEDING
L2 Apply GRVTY FUEL FEED procedure, (Refer to PRO-ABN-28 GRVTY FUEL FEEDING).
L1
AVOID NEGATIVE G FACTOR
L2 Avoiding negative g will prevent fuel surging and therefore reduce the risk of engine
malfunction.
STATUS
• If FUEL X FEED off: INOP SYS
PROC:GRVTY FUEL FEEDING
AVOID NEGATIVE G FACTOR TK PUMPS (affected)
TK (AFFECTED) GRVTY FEED ONLY
TK PUMP 2 (AFFECTED).............................................................................................................OFF
WHEN TK (affected) FUEL RQRD:
L2 Apply the GRVTY FUEL FEEDING procedure, (Refer to PRO-ABN-28 GRVTY FUEL
FEEDING).
L1 TK (AFFECTED) FEED.......................................................................................... GRVTY ONLY
PROC: GRVTY FUEL FEEDING
STATUS
PROC:GRVTY FUEL FEEDING INOP SYS
TK (AFFECTED) GRVTY FEED ONLY
TK PUMPS (affected)
CTR TK FEED: MAN ONLY
STATUS
• If center tank not empty: INOP SYS
CTR TK FEED: MAN ONLY
TK PUMPS
L2 Note: When fuel quantity in affected wing reaches low level, corresponding WING TK LO LVL
warning is triggered.
L1 OUTER TK UNUSABLE (AFFECTED SIDE)
STATUS
OUTER TK UNUSABLE (affected side)
Crew awareness.
Continued on the following page
STATUS
INOP SYS
L2 If valve failed open, maintain fuel balance with selective use of pumps.
If valve failed closed and if unable to maintain an acceptable balance, land as soon as possible.
L1
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
FUEL X FEED
IF PRESS FLUCTUATES:
BLUE ELEC PUMP.................................................................................................................OFF
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
B SYS LO PR
SECONDARY FAILURES
*F/CTL
L12
STATUS
APPR PROC INOP SYS
BLUE HYD
The probability of cavitation increases with altitude. SPLR 3
CAT 3 DUAL
Therefore, it may be possible to restore the system after
B ELEC PUMP
descending to a lower altitude.
HYD LO PR
BLUE ELEC PUMP................................................. AUTO
If sys not recovered:
LDG DIST PROC............................................ APPLY
SLATS SLOW
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY
B SYS LO PR
SECONDARY FAILURES
*F/CTL
STATUS
APPR PROC INOP SYS
BLUE HYD
HYD LO PR SPLR 3
IF BLUE OVHT OUT: CAT 3 DUAL
BLUE ELEC PUMP...........................................AUTO B ELEC PUMP
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY
SLATS SLOW
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY
B SYS LO PR
SECONDARY FAILURES
*F/CTL
Continued on the following page
STATUS
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY INOP SYS
B SYS LO PR
SECONDARY FAILURES
*F/CTL
STATUS
APPR PROC INOP SYS
BLUE HYD
HYD LO PR SPLR 3
IF BLUE OVHT OUT: CAT 3 DUAL
BLUE ELEC PUMP...........................................AUTO B ELEC PUMP
If sys not recovered:
LDG DIST PROC............................................ APPLY
SLATS SLOW
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY
STATUS
INOP SYS
G ENG 1 PUMP
G SYS LO PR
SECONDARY FAILURES
*WHEEL
*F/CTL
STATUS
L/G..............................................................GRVTY EXTN INOP SYS
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY
GREEN HYD
SLATS/FLAPS SLOW SPLR 1+5
CAT 3 DUAL
CAT 3 SINGLE AUTO BRK
NORM BRK
L/G RETRACT
REVERSER 1
PTU
G ENG 1 PUMP
YAW DAMPER 1
IF PRESS FLUCTUATES:
PTU......................................................................................................................................... OFF
GREEN ENG 1 PUMP........................................................................................................... OFF
G ENG 1 PUMP LO PR
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
G SYS LO PR
SECONDARY FAILURES
*WHEEL
*F/CTL
L12
STATUS
APPR PROC INOP SYS
GREEN HYD
HYD LO PR SPLR 1 + 5
CAT 3 DUAL
The probability of cavitation increases with altitude.
AUTO BRK
Therefore, it may be possible to restore the system after NORM BRK
descending to a lower altitude. L/G RETRACT
GREEN ENG 1 PUMP.................................................ON REVERSER 1
YAW DAMPER 1
IF HYD NOT RECOVERED:
L/G....................................................... GRVTY EXTN
Refer to PRO-ABN-32 L/G GRAVITY EXTENSION
LDG DIST PROC............................................ APPLY
PTU................................................................................................................................................OFF
GREEN ENG 1 PUMP..................................................................................................................OFF
G ENG 1 PUMP LO PR
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
G SYS LO PR
SECONDARY FAILURES
*WHEEL
*F/CTL
L12
STATUS
L/G..............................................................GRVTY EXTN INOP SYS
Refer to PRO-ABN-32 L/G GRAVITY EXTENSION
GREEN HYD
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY SPLR 1 + 5
CAT 3 DUAL
ALTN Y BRK WITH A/SKID AUTO BRK
SLATS/FLAPS SLOW NORM BRK
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY L/G RETRACT
REVERSER 1
YAW DAMPER 1
PTU................................................................................................................................................OFF
GREEN ENG 1 PUMP..................................................................................................................OFF
G ENG 1 PUMP LO PR
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
G SYS LO PR
SECONDARY FAILURES
*WHEEL
*F/CTL
L12
STATUS
APPR PROC INOP SYS
GREEN HYD
HYD LO PR SPLR 1 + 5
IF GREEN OVHT OUT: CAT 3 DUAL
GREEN ENG 1 PUMP.......................................... ON AUTO BRK
NORM BRK
IF HYD NOT RECOVERED: L/G RETRACT
L/G....................................................... GRVTY EXTN REVERSER 1
YAW DAMPER 1
Refer to PRO-ABN-32 L/G GRAVITY EXTENSION
LDG DIST PROC............................................ APPLY
L2 If the ELEC PUMP overheats, or if the Y ELEC PUMP fails, while the Y ENG PUMP and the PTU
are inoperative:
L1 YELLOW ELEC PUMP................................................................................................................. OFF
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
Y SYS LO PR
BRK Y ACCU PR MONITOR
L2 This check is recommended to cover the case of a pipe rupture, which could lead to the
simultaneous loss of the hydraulic system and the accumulator fluid. If this occurs, the loss of the
accumulator should be observed on the indicator within 10 min. In that case: The only remaining
braking means is the normal braking using green pressure, the parking brake should not be used
since it is not available and the chocks should be in place before engine 1 shutdown.
L1
SECONDARY FAILURES
*F/CTL
L12
STATUS
APPR PROC INOP SYS
YELLOW HYD
HYD LO PR SPLR 2+4
IF YELLOW OVHT OUT: CAT 3 DUAL
YELLOW ENG 2 PUMP........................................ ON N.W STEER
REVERSER 2
PTU................................................................... AUTO Y ELEC PUMP
The above two lines are only displayed, in case of an YAW DAMPER 2
electrical pump overheat.
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY
FLAPS SLOW
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY
STATUS
INOP SYS
Y ENG 2 PUMP
Y SYS LO PR
L2 Note: If yellow system is affected, the yellow electrical pump may be used.
L1
SECONDARY FAILURES
*F/CTL
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY INOP SYS
IF PRESS FLUCTUATES:
PTU......................................................................................................................................... OFF
YELLOW ENG 2 PUMP......................................................................................................... OFF
YELLOW ELEC PUMP........................................................................................................... OFF
BRK Y ACCU PR MONITOR
L2 This check is recommended to cover the case of a pipe rupture, which could lead to the
simultaneous loss of the hydraulic system and the accumulator fluid. If this occurs, the loss of the
accumulator should be observed on the indicator within 10 min. In that case : The only remaining
braking means is normal braking, using green pressure. The parking brake should not be used
since, it is not available. And, the chocks should be in place before Engine 1 shutdown.
L1 Y ENG 2 PUMP LO PR
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
Y SYS LO PR
SECONDARY FAILURES
*F/CTL
YELLOW HYD
HYD LO PR SPLR 2 + 4
YELLOW ENG 2 PUMP...............................................ON CAT 3 DUAL
If sys not recovered: N/W STRG
REVERSER 2
LDG DIST PROC............................................ APPLY YAW DAMPER 2
FLAPS SLOW
CAT 3 SINGLE
PTU................................................................................................................................................OFF
YELLOW ENG 2 PUMP................................................................................................................OFF
YELLOW ELEC PUMP................................................................................................................. OFF
BRK Y ACCU PR MONITOR
L2 This check is recommended to cover the case of a pipe rupture, which could lead to the
simultaneous loss of the hydraulic system and the accumulator fluid. If this occurs, the loss of the
accumulator should be observed on the indicator within 10 min. In that case: The only remaining
braking means is normal braking, using green pressure. The parking brake should not be used
since, it is not available. And, the chocks should be in place before Engine 1 shutdown.
L1 Y ENG 2 PUMP LO PR
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
Y SYS LO PR
SECONDARY FAILURES
*F/CTL
L12
STATUS
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY INOP SYS
PTU................................................................................................................................................OFF
YELLOW ENG 2 PUMP................................................................................................................OFF
YELLOW ELEC PUMP................................................................................................................. OFF
BRK Y ACCU PR MONITOR
L2 This check is recommended to cover the case of a pipe rupture, which could lead to the
simultaneous loss of the hydraulic system and the accumulator fluid. If this occurs, the loss of the
accumulator should be observed on the indicator within 10 min. In that case: The only remaining
braking means is normal braking, using green pressure. The parking brake should not be used
since, it is not available. And, the chocks should be in place before Engine 1 shutdown.
L1 Y ENG 2 PUMP LO PR
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
Y SYS LO PR
SECONDARY FAILURES
*F/CTL
STATUS
APPR PROC INOP SYS
YELLOW HYD
HYD LO PR SPLR 2 + 4
IF YELLOW OVHT OUT: CAT 3 DUAL
YELLOW ENG 2 PUMP........................................ ON N/W STRG
REVERSER 2
If not recovered: YAW DAMPER 2
LDG DIST PROC............................................ APPLY
FLAPS SLOW
CAT 3 SINGLE
L2 Note: If the yellow system has been lost by low level or overheat, “HYD PTU FAULT” should
appear to demand the PTU pb-sw at OFF.
L1 LAND ASAP
If yellow sys lost by ENG 2 PUMP LO PR:
YELLOW ELEC PUMP.............................................................................................................ON
If blue sys lost by ELEC PUMP LO PR:
RAT..................................................................................................................................MAN ON
L2 To extend the RAT, the flight crew must press the RAT MAN ON pb located on the Hydraulic
overhead panel.
L1 MIN RAT SPD....................................................................................................................140 KT
AFFECTED PUMPS......................................................................................................................OFF
MAX SPEED...........................................................................................................................320/0.77
L2 Note: Flight controls remain in normal law.
L1 MANEUVER WITH CARE
L2
If blue or yellow sys recovered:
See procedure for single failure.
L1
If neither system recovered:
SECONDARY FAILURES
*F/CTL
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
MIN RAT SPD..............................................................140 KT INOP SYS
(If B PUMP LO PR)
B+Y HYD
MAX SPEED.............................................................. 320/0.77 R ELEV
MANEUVER WITH CARE SPLR 2+3+4
SPD BRK
APPR PROC AP 1+2
N/W STRG
CARGO DOOR (If Y RSVR LO
DUAL HYD LO PR LVL)
(Line not displayed for dual LO LVL). REVERSER 2
B ELEC PUMP
If sys lost by RSVR LO AIR PR: EMER GEN (If B RSVR LO LVL)
YAW DAMPER 2
In approach, system lost by RSVR LO AIR PR may
CAT 2
be recovered at low altitude.
RELATED PUMP...................................................ON
If sys lost by RSVR OVHT:
In approach, system lost by RSVR OVHT may be
recovered if OVHT indication disappears.
IF BLUE OVHT OUT:
BLUE ELEC PUMP.................................... AUTO
IF YELLOW OVHT OUT:
YELLOW ENG 2 PUMP..................................ON
IF HYD NOT RECOVERED (line not displayed for
dual LO LVL):
L/G....................................................... GRVTY EXTN
Landing gear is extended by gravity to preserve
green system integrity Refer to PRO-ABN-32 L/G
GRAVITY EXTENSION.
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY
SLATS/FLAPS SLOW
(1)
See
Continued on the following page
L2
Note: If green system has been lost because of fluid low level or overheat, “HYD PTU FAULT”
should appear demanding that the flight crew switches the PTU OFF.
L1 LAND ASAP
If blue sys lost by ELEC PUMP LO PR:
RAT..................................................................................................................................MAN ON
MIN RAT SPD....................................................................................................................140 KT
AFFECTED PUMPS......................................................................................................................OFF
MANEUVER WITH CARE
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
*WHEEL
*F/CTL
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
MIN RAT SPD (IF RAT OUT)...................................... 140 KT INOP SYS
(If B PUMP LO PR)
G+B HYD
MAX SPEED.............................................................. 320/0.77 F/CTL PROT
MANEUVER WITH CARE L ELEV
SPD BRK...........................................................DO NOT USE L+R AIL
SPLR 1+3+5
APPR PROC SLATS
AP 1+2
AUTO BRK
DUAL HYD LO PR NORM BRK
L/G RETRACT
(Line not displayed for a double LO LVL):
REVERSER 1
If sys lost by RSVR LO AIR PR: EMER GEN (If B RSVR LO LVL)
RELATED PUMPS................................................ ON B ELEC PUMP
YAW DAMPER 1
If sys lost by RSVR OVHT: CAT 2
IF BLUE OVHT OUT:
BLUE ELEC PUMP.................................... AUTO
IF GREEN OVHT OUT:
GREEN ENG 1 PUMP....................................ON
IF HYD NOT RECOVERED (line not displayed for
a double LO LVL):
A/THR...................................................................OFF
Select the target speed on the FCU. Due to the loss
of slats and some flight control surfaces, the A/THR
may not satisfactorily maintain speed.
FOR LDG............................................... USE FLAP 3
This line is replaced by “FOR LDG : USE FLAP 3”
when CONF 3 is selected, as a reminder.
GPWS LDG FLAP 3..............................................ON
WHEN SPD 200 KT (displayed when slats are
retracted):
L/G.................................................GRVTY EXTN
Continued on the following page
LAND ASAP
PTU................................................................................................................................................OFF
AFFECTED PUMPS......................................................................................................................OFF
If yellow sys lost by ENG 2 PUMP LO PR:
YELLOW ELEC PUMP.............................................................................................................ON
MANEUVER WITH CARE
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
L1
If yellow sys recovered:
Refer to procedure for single failure.
If yellow sys not recovered:
Refer to PRO-ABN-10 Landing with Slats or Flaps Jammed.
SECONDARY FAILURES
*F/CTL
*WHEEL
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
MAX SPEED.............................................................. 320/0.77 INOP SYS
MAX BRK PR.......................................................... 1 000 PSI
MANEUVER WITH CARE G+Y HYD
F/CTL PROT
STABILIZER
APPR PROC REVERSER 1+2
SPLR 1+2+4+5
DUAL HYD LO PR FLAPS
YAW DAMPER
(Line not displayed for a double LO LVL) AP 1+2
If sys lost by RSVR LO AIR PR: ANTI SKID
RELATED PUMP...................................................ON N.W. STEER
NORM BRK
If sys lost by RSVR OVHT: AUTO BRK
L/G RETRACT
IF GREEN OVHT OUT:
CARGO DOOR (If Y RSVR LO
GREEN ENG 1 PUMP....................................ON LVL)
IF YELLOW OVHT OUT: CAT 2
YELLOW ENG 2 PUMP..................................ON
IF HYD NOT RECOVERED (line not displayed for
a double LO LVL):
FOR LDG............................................... USE FLAP 3
This line is replaced by “FOR LDG : USE FLAP 3”
when CONF 3 is selected, as a reminder.
GPWS FLAP MODE............................................ OFF
WHEN CONF 3 AND VAPP:
L/G.................................................GRVTY EXTN
Refer to PRO-ABN-32 L/G GRAVITY
EXTENSION. Being stabilized at VAPP, before
selecting the gear down, enables the aircraft to
be trimmed for approach.
APPR SPD..................................................VREF +25 KT
Approach speed must be increased, due to the loss of
flaps.
Continued on the following page
L2 Note: This warning is triggered, if the second engine is started within 40 s, following the end of
the cargo doors operation. In this case, reset the warning by switching the yellow ELEC
pump ON, then OFF.
L1
If green or yellow reservoir low level and system low press:
PTU......................................................................................................................................... OFF
STATUS
INOP SYS
PTU
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
RAT
L2 CAPT, F/O and STBY pitot heating is lost. In case of simultaneous pitot icing and in the same
amount, ADR 1, ADR 2, and ADR 3 speeds will be in agreement, but incorrect. The following
ECAM procedure avoids that the flight controls use erroneous, but coherent, sources.
L1 ADR 1 (2) (3) P/B......................................................................................................................... OFF
L2 Depending on the status of the static, AOA, and TAT heating, the ECAM requires that either ADR 1,
2 or 3 be switched OFF.
Note: In case of subsequent, significant, speed discrepancy between the 2 remaining ADRs, the
“ADR DISAGREE” ECAM caution will be triggered.
L1
IF ICING EXPECTED:
ADR 2 (3) P/B........................................................................................................................ OFF
L2 Depending on the status of the static, AOA, and TAT heating, the ECAM requires that either
ADR 2 or 3 be switched OFF.
L1 UNREL SPD PROC........................................................................................................... APPLY
L2 Only one ADR is available, and the corresponding pitot probe may be affected by ice accretion.
Be prepared to use the UNRELIABLE SPEED INDICATION/ADR CHECK PROC procedure.
L12
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
STATUS
IF ICING EXPECTED: INOP SYS
ADR 2 (3) P/B......................................................OFF
UNREL SPD PROC........................................ APPLY CAPT PITOT
F/O PITOT
STBY PITOT
(1)
CAPT PROBES
(2)
F/O PROBES
(3)
STBY PROBES
(1) (If all CAPT PROBES heating is lost)
(2) (If all F/O PROBES heating is lost)
(3) (If all STBY PROBES heating is lost)
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
L2 CAPT and F/O pitot heating is lost. In case of simultaneous pitot icing and in the same amount,
ADR 1 and ADR 2 speeds will be in agreement, but incorrect. Therefore, flight controls will consider
the remaining correct source as being faulty, and will reject the only correct source. The following
ECAM procedure avoids that the flight controls use 2 erroneous, but coherent, sources.
L1
If ADR 3 operative and ON:
ADR 1 (2) P/B........................................................................................................................ OFF
L2 Depending on the status of the static, AOA, and TAT heating, the ECAM requires that either
ADR 1 or 2 be switched OFF
Note: In case of subsequent, significant, speed discrepancy between the 2 remaining ADRs,
the “ADR DISAGREE” ECAM caution will be triggered.
L1
If ADR 3 failed or OFF:
L2
No action is required, as long as there are no icing conditions, in order to keep 2 independent
speed sources.
L1
IF ICING EXPECTED:
ADR 1 (2) P/B..................................................................................................................OFF
L2 Depending on the status of the static, AOA, and TAT heating, the ECAM requires that
either ADR 1 or 2 be switched OFF.
L1 UNREL SPD PROC.....................................................................................................APPLY
L2 Only one ADR is available, and the corresponding pitot probe may be affected by ice
accretion. Be prepared to use the UNRELIABLE SPEED INDICATION/ADR CHECK PROC
procedure.
L1
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
STATUS
If ADR 3 failed or OFF: INOP SYS
IF ICING EXPECTED:
CAPT PITOT
ADR 1 (2) P/B............................................... OFF F/O PITOT
UNREL SPD PROC.................................. APPLY CAPT PROBES
(1)
(2)
F/O PROBES
(1) (If all CAPT PROBES heating is lost)
(2) (If all F/O PROBES heating is lost)
L2 CAPT and STBY pitot heating is lost. In case of simultaneous pitot icing and in the same amount,
ADR 1 and ADR 3 speeds will be in agreement, but incorrect. Flight controls will consider the
remaining correct source as being faulty, and will reject the only correct source. The following
ECAM procedure avoids that the flight controls use 2 erroneous, but coherent, sources.
L1
If ADR 2 operative and ON:
ADR 1 (3) P/B........................................................................................................................ OFF
L2 Depending on the status of the static, AOA, and TAT heating, the ECAM requires that either
ADR 1 or 3 be switched OFF
Note: In case of subsequent, significant, speed discrepancy between the 2 remaining ADRs,
the “ADR DISAGREE” ECAM caution will be triggered.
L1
If ADR 2 failed or OFF:
L2
No action is required, as long as there are no icing conditions, in order to keep 2 independent
speed sources.
L1
IF ICING EXPECTED:
ADR 1 (3) P/B..................................................................................................................OFF
L2 Depending on the status of the static, AOA, and TAT heating, the ECAM requires that
either ADR 1 or 3 be switched OFF.
L1 UNREL SPD PROC.....................................................................................................APPLY
L2 Only one ADR is available, and the corresponding pitot probe may be affected by ice
accretion. Be prepared to use the Refer to FCOM_PRO_ABN 34 UNRELIABLE SPEED
INDICATION/ADR CHECK PROC - MEMORY ITEM.
L1
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
STATUS
If ADR 2 failed or OFF: INOP SYS
IF ICING EXPECTED:
CAPT PITOT
ADR 1 (3) P/B............................................... OFF STBY PITOT
UNREL SPD PROC.................................. APPLY CAPT PROBES
(1)
(2)
STBY PROBES
(1) (If all CAPT PROBES heating is lost)
(2) (If all STBY PROBES heating is lost)
STATUS
INOP SYS
CAPT PITOT
CAPT L(R) STAT
CAPT AOA
STATUS
INOP SYS
CAPT PROBES
STATUS
AVOID ICING CONDITIONS INOP SYS
STATUS
THRUST LIM PENALTY
L2 F/O and STBY pitot heating is lost. In case of simultaneous pitot icing and in the same amount,
ADR 2 and ADR 3 speeds will be in agreement, but incorrect. Therefore, flight controls will consider
the remaining correct source as being faulty, and will reject the only correct source. The following
ECAM procedure avoids that the flight controls use 2 erroneous, but coherent, sources.
L1
If ADR 1 operative and ON:
ADR 2 (3) P/B........................................................................................................................ OFF
L2 Depending on the status of the static, AOA, and TAT heating, the ECAM requires that either
ADR 2 or 3 be switched OFF.
Note: In case of subsequent, significant, speed discrepancy between the 2 remaining ADRs,
the “ADR DISAGREE” ECAM caution will be triggered.
L1
If ADR 1 failed or OFF:
L2
No action is required, as long as there are no icing conditions, in order to keep 2 independent
speed sources.
L1
IF ICING EXPECTED:
ADR 2 (3) P/B..................................................................................................................OFF
L2 Depending on the status of the static, AOA, and TAT heating, the ECAM requires that
either ADR 2 or 3 be switched OFF.
L1 UNREL SPD PROC.....................................................................................................APPLY
L2 Only one ADR is available, and the corresponding pitot probe may be affected by ice
accretion. Be prepared to use the UNRELIABLE SPEED INDICATION/ADR CHECK PROC
procedure.
L1
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
STATUS
If ADR 1 failed or OFF: INOP SYS
IF ICING EXPECTED:
F/O PITOT
ADR 2 (3) P/B............................................... OFF STBY PITOT
UNREL SPD PROC.................................. APPLY F/O PROBES
(1)
(2)
STBY PROBES
(1) (If all F/O PROBES heating is lost)
(2) (If all STBY PROBES heating is lost)
STATUS
INOP SYS
F/O PITOT
F/O L(R) STAT
F/O AOA
STATUS
INOP SYS
F/O PROBES
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
WSHLD HEAT
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
Crew awareness.
Continued on the following page
STATUS
INOP SYS
Crew awareness.
L2 If standby instruments are used, monitor air data information.
STATUS
INOP SYS
STBY PITOT
STBY L(R) STAT
STBY AOA
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
STBY PROBES
In case of double failure of the alpha probe heaters in icing conditions, the choice made by the
computers among the 3 ADR values may be erroneous.
If icing conditions cannot be avoided:
One of affected ADRs............................................................................................................ OFF
There will be a disagreement between the two remaining ADRs, which will trigger the ADR
DISAGREE ECAM caution.
STATUS
THRUST LIM PENALTY INOP SYS
WAI REGUL
L12
STATUS
THRUST LIM PENALTY INOP SYS
(2)
See
ENG 1(2) BLEED
WAI AVAIL IN FLT (1)
(2) See
See PACK 1(2)
(1)
See
(1) Displayed on ground.
(2) Displayed in flight.
L12
STATUS
WAI AVAIL IN FLT INOP SYS
Displayed before takeoff only.
ENG 1 (2) BLEED
THRUST LIM PENALTY See
(1)
STATUS
WAI AVAIL IN FLT
L12
STATUS
AVOID ICING CONDITIONS INOP SYS
• IF SEVERE ICE ACCRETION:
MIN SPD................................................. VLS +10/G DOT WING ANTI ICE
MANEUVER WITH CARE
(1)
See
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY
(1)
Note: In the case of severe ice accretion, with wing anti-ice failed, the Angle-of-Attack (AOA)
protections remain efficient. Manoeuvre with care: avoid large roll inputs at high AoA
and high thrust setting. In the case of abnormal response in pitch or roll, release the
backstick and reduce thrust.
X BLEED.................................................................................................................................... OPEN
L2 Note: The affected pack has to be selected OFF due to precooler performance.
DMC 1
EIS DMC SWITCH .......................................................................................................... CAPT 3
L2 DMC 3 replaces DMC 1.
L1
DMC 2
EIS DMC SWITCH............................................................................................................... F/O 3
L2 DMC 3 replaces DMC 2.
L1
DMC 3
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
DMC 1(2)(3)
MONITOR SYS
MONITOR OVERHEAD PANEL
NOT AVAIL
ECAM WARN
ALTI ALERT
STATUS
A/CALL OUT
MEMO
L2
Other INOP SYS
CAT2
ECAM Cautions and Warnings, aural warnings, master caution and warning lights are lost.
ECAM system pages are still available. therefore check regularly (more often than usual)
cockpit panels for local warnings and ECAM system pages for system checks.
Check the general status of the systems for the DES/APPR preparation.
Crew awareness.
STATUS
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY INOP SYS
CAT 3 DUAL
FWC 1(2)
STATUS
INOP SYS
SDAC 1 + 2
Crew awareness.
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
INOP SYS
SDAC 1(2)
Note: Although the ECAM may display some symbols and/or parameters in amber, this does
not always signify that additional systems are failed.
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
DFDR
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
RECORDER SYS
Crew awareness.
L2 Either both BSCU channels are failed, or the A/SKID & N/W STRG sw is OFF.
L1 MAX BRK PR........................................................................................................................ 1000 PSI
L2 Monitor brake pressure on the BRAKES PRESS indicator. Limit brake pressure to approximately
1 000 PSI and, at low ground speed, adjust brake pressure as required. Avoid landing on an icy
runway.
L12
STATUS
MAX BRK PR............................................................1000 PSI INOP SYS
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY
CAT 3 DUAL
• If Y SYS LO PR ANTI SKID
N/W STRG
BRK Y ACCU PR ONLY NORM BRK
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY AUTO BRK
(1)
See
(1)
Note: Automatic rollout is not permitted as specified in QRH,Refer to QRH/OPS Required
Equipment for CAT2 and CAT3.
STATUS
INOP SYS
ALTN BRK
L2 As long as the normal braking system is available, braking is normal. In alternate braking mode,
braking of all wheels on one gear is lost.
L1
If normal braking is lost:
ASYM BRK PROC............................................................................................................. APPLY
STATUS
If normal braking is lost: INOP SYS
LDG DIST PROC............................................ APPLY
ALTN L(R) BRK
STATUS
INOP SYS
AUTO BRK
L2 The yellow electrical pump can be used to pressurize the accumulator. If the accumulator pressure
is still low, chocks are required before Engine 1 shut down. This message is replaced on ground by
BRAKES PARK BRK LO PR if parking brake is on and yellow hydraulic system pressure is low.
L1
On ground:
BEFORE ENG SHUT DOWN:
CHOCKS CONSIDER
STATUS
• If Y SYS LO PR INOP SYS
NORM BRK ONLY
BRK Y ACCU
BRAKES HOT
On ground:
PARK BRK: PREFER CHOCKS
L2 ‐ If the BRAKES HOT message is still on when the aircraft is parked, the flight crew should not
set the PARKING BRK ON.
L1 BRK FAN (IF INSTALLED)...................................................................................................... ON
L2 Note: Before selecting the brake fans at the gate, the flight crew should first warn the ground
personnel in order to avoid blowing carbon brake dust on them.
L1
DELAY T.O. FOR COOL
L2 ‐ Delay takeoff, until the brake temperature is below 300 °C with the brake fans OFF, and
150 °C with the brake fans ON.
‐ Refer to PRO-SUP-32 Brake Temperature Limitations Requiring Maintenance Actions for
brake temperature limitations requiring maintenance actions.
L1
In flight:
IF PERF PERMITS:
L/G..................................................................................................................DN FOR COOL
MAX SPEED................................................................................................................250/.60
L2 If performance permits, the landing gear should be extended or, if already extended, it
should remain so, to improve brake cooling.
L1
For L/G RETRACTION:
MAX SPEED................................................................................................................220/.52
L2 Reduce speed for landing gear retraction, when the brake temperature is within limits.
L12
STATUS
MAX SPEED................................................................ 280/.67
(1)
See
(1) As long as the landing gear is extended, limit the speed to 280 kt/M 0.67.
For landing gear retraction when the brake temperature is within limits, reduce the speed to
220 kt.
STATUS
PARK BRK ONLY INOP SYS
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY
CAT 3
CAT 2 ONLY ANTI SKID
N/W STRG
NORM BRK
AUTO BRK
ALTN BRK
STATUS
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY INOP SYS
L2 On ground, yellow hydraulic system and accumulator pressures are low with parking brake valve
on. Chocks are required before Engine 1 shut down.
L1
On ground:
BEFORE ENG SHUT DOWN:
CHOCKS CONSIDER
STATUS
NORM BRK ONLY INOP SYS
BRK Y ACCU
BRAKES RELEASED
STATUS
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY INOP SYS
AUTO BRK
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
ASYMMETRIC BRAKING
Normal braking is faulty, or the green hydraulic system is in low pressure, and one gear is released.
Progressively apply brake on the available side. Counter swing with the rudder.
Avoid crosswind in excess of 10 kt from the side of available brake.
IF ONLY ONE REVERSE IS AVAILABLE:
Do not use Reverse on the side of available brake
LDG DIST PROC......................................................................................................................APPLY
LOSS OF BRAKING
IF NO BRAKING AVAILABLE:
REV........................................................................................................................................ MAX
BRAKE PEDALS........................................................................................................... RELEASE
Brake pedals should be released when the A/SKID & N/W STRG sw is switched OFF, since
the pedal force or displacement produces more braking action in alternate mode than in normal
mode.
A/SKID & N/W STRG............................................................................................................. OFF
Braking system reverts to alternate mode.
BRAKE PEDALS................................................................................................................PRESS
Apply brake with care, since initial pedal force or displacement produces more braking action in
alternate mode than in normal mode.
MAX BRK PR..................................................................................................................1000 PSI
Monitor brake pressure or BRAKES PRESS indicator. Limit brake pressure to approximately
1 000 PSI and, at low ground speed, adjust brake pressure as required.
If STILL NO BRAKING:
PARKING BRAKE...........................................SHORT AND SUCCESSIVE APPLICATIONS
Use short successive parking brake applications to stop the aircraft. Brake onset
asymmetry may be felt at each parking brake application. If possible, delay the use of the
parking brake until low speed, to reduce the risk of tire burst and lateral control difficulties.
IN FLIGHT:
BRAKE PEDALS.................................................................................. APPLY SEVERAL TIMES
Press the brake pedals several times. This could zero a residual pressure on the alternate
system.
IF RESIDUAL PRESSURE REMAINS:
A/SKID & N/W STRG selector................................................................................KEEP ON
IF AUTOBRAKE IS AVAILABLE:
FOR LANDING...................................................................................... AUTO/BRK MED
Using MED mode gives immediate priority to normal braking upon landing gear
touchdown, which cancels residual alternate pressure.
IF AUTOBRAKE IS NOT AVAILABLE:
JUST AFTER TOUCHDOWN.............................................................. APPLY BRAKING
Pressing the brake pedals gives immediate priority to normal braking, which cancels
residual alternate pressure.
Beware of possible braking asymmetry after touchdown, which can be controlled by using
the pedals.
Note: In case of taxi with deflated or damaged tires, Refer to LIM-32 Taxi with Deflated
Tires.
L2
Check that the parking brake handle is in the OFF position. If warning stays on, check that the
brake pressure is at zero on the BRAKES PRESSURE indicator.
L12
STATUS
MAX SPEED................................................................ 250/.60 INOP SYS
L2 This warning appears in approach at 750 ft RA, if the landing gear is not set to DOWN, and the
system has not failed. When this warning appears, the red arrow on the instrument panel comes
on.
This warning could be wrongly triggered in case of landing gear position sensors disagreement
between LGCIU 1 and LGCIU 2. In this case, check that at least one green triangle is displayed
on each landing gear strut on the WHEEL SD page page. This confirms that the landing gear is
downlocked. Rely also on the “LDG GEAR DN” green LDG MEMO message to confirm that the
landing gear is downlocked. Press the EMER CANC pb Cancel the warning by on the ECAM
Control Panel (ECP) to stop the Continus Repetitive Chime (CRC) and press CLR pb on the ECP to
clear the warning on the ECAM display.
L1
Crew awareness.
L2 This warning appears, if the landing gear sequence is not completed after 30 s.
L1 L/G....................................................................................................................................... RECYCLE
L12
Note: The active LGCIU changes when L/G lever is recycled.
L/G lever recycling consist to select quickly the L/G lever to UP then DOWN.
IF UNSUCCESSFUL:
L/G.......................................................................................................................... GRVTY EXTN
L2 Rotate the handle clockwise about 3 turns until reaching the mechanical stop. Refer to
PRO-ABN-32 L/G GRAVITY EXTENSION.
L12
STATUS
L/G..............................................................GRVTY EXTN INOP SYS
L2 This warning appears if the landing gear sequence is not completed after 30 s.
L1
L/G doors closed:
AVOID EXCESS G FACTOR
L2 Because the gear rests on the doors, avoid excessive load factors in order not to damage door
structure.
L1
L/G doors not closed and shock absorber fault:
MAX SPEED.................................................................................................................... 220/0.54
L/G...................................................................................................................................... DOWN
MAX SPEED.................................................................................................................... 280/0.67
L/G doors not closed and no shock absorber fault:
MAX SPEED.................................................................................................................... 220/0.54
L/G.................................................................................................................................RECYCLE
L12
Note: The active LGCIU changes when the L/G lever is recycled.
L/G lever recycling consist to select quickly the L/G lever to DOWN then UP.
IF UNSUCCESSFUL:
L/G................................................................................................................................DOWN
MAX SPEED..............................................................................................................280/0.67
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
MAX SPEED................................................................ 280/.67 INOP SYS
L12
STATUS
MAX SPEED................................................................ 280/.67 INOP SYS
L/G..................................................................... KEEP DOWN
L/G RETRACT
INCREASED FUEL CONSUMP
(1)
See
(1)
If the flight is continued (to destination or to alternate) with landing gear extended:
‐ Disregard FMS fuel predictions. Refer to QRH/PER-B Fuel Penalty Factors Tables in order to
find the applicable Fuel Penalty Factor
‐ Disregard FMS altitude and speed predictions. Time predictions are only valid in cruise
‐ Do not use the managed speed mode (except in approach)
‐ Do not use the CLB and the DES autopilot modes.
Also Refer to PRO-SPO-25-10 Flight with Gear Down.
GPWS............................................................................................................................................ OFF
L2 GPWS receives “L/G in up position” information even if the landing gear is down.
Setting the GPWS SYS pb-sw to OFF will prevent untimely warnings during the approach.
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
ENG 1 APPR IDLE ONLY INOP SYS
(1)
See
LGCIU 1
REVERSER 1
GPWS
Note: 1. The partial spoiler extension at landing when only one main landing gear is
compressed is not available. The spoilers extend normally on ground when wheel
speed greater than 72 kt.
2. Depending on the LGCIU failure, only a part of the above systems may be lost.
(1) When idle is selected on the ground with slats extended, only approach idle is available.
L2 Normal landing gear control and position indications are lost. LDG GEAR lights on LDG GEAR
control panel remain available if LGCIU 1 is electrically supplied.
L1 L/G................................................................................................................................. GRVTY EXTN
L2 Refer to PRO-ABN-32 L/G GRAVITY EXTENSION.
L1 GPWS............................................................................................................................................ OFF
L2 As LGCIU 1 is lost, GPWS receives “L/G in up position” information even if the landing gear is
down. Setting the GPWS SYS pb-sw to OFF will prevent untimely warnings during approach.
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
L/G..............................................................GRVTY EXTN INOP SYS
Crew awareness.
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
ENG 2 APPR IDLE ONLY INOP SYS
(1)
See
LGCIU 2
REVERSER 2
Note: 1. The partial spoiler extension at landing when only one main landing gear is
compressed is not available. The spoilers extend normally on ground when wheel
speed greater than 72 kt.
2. Depending on the LGCIU failure, only a part of the above systems may be lost.
(1) When idle is selected on the ground with slats extended, only approach idle is available.
Crew awareness.
L12
STATUS
• If L/G not uplocked: INOP SYS
MAX SPEED..........................................................280/.67
L/G...............................................................KEEP DOWN L/G RETRACT
INCREASED FUEL CONSUMP
(1)
See
(1)
If the flight is continued (to destination or to alternate) with landing gear extended:
‐ Disregard FMS fuel predictions. Refer to QRH/PER-B Fuel Penalty Factors Tables in order to
find the applicable Fuel Penalty Factor
‐ Disregard FMS altitude and speed predictions. Time predictions are only valid in cruise
‐ Do not use the managed speed mode (except in approach)
‐ Do not use the CLB and the DES autopilot modes.
Also Refer to PRO-SPO-25-10 Flight with Gear Down.
Note: If WHEEL N.W. STEER FAULT is also displayed, then the nose wheels may be at
maximum deflection. (Turned 90 ° from center.) During landing, delay nose wheel
touchdown for as long as possible.
L2 Disagreement between the landing gear positions are detected by LGCIU 1 and LGCIU 2.
L1
Crew awareness.
CAUTION Do not apply this procedure if at least one green triangle is displayed on each
landing gear on the WHEEL SD page. This is sufficient to confirm that the landing
gear is downlocked. Disregard any possible L/G GEAR NOT DOWN ECAM alert at
750 ft RA and any possible GPWS "TOO LOW GEAR" aural alert.
GRAVITY GEAR EXTN handcrank......................................................................... PULL AND TURN
Rotate the handle clockwise 3 turns until reaching the mechanical stop, even if resistance is felt.
L/G lever....................................................................................................................................DOWN
The landing gear lever should be confirmed in the DOWN position for the following reasons:
‐ To extinguish the UNLK lights on the landing gear indication panel.
‐ To prevent the L/G CTL message from appearing on the WHEEL SD page.
‐ To minimize the risk of landing gear retraction on the ground, due to an unknown system fault,
when the free-fall system is reset.
GEAR DOWN indications (if available)....................................................................................CHECK
Note: 1. Depending on aircraft speed, the display may show the landing gear doors in the amber
transit position.
2. In the event of gravity extension, caused by the failure of both LGCIUs, landing gear
position indication on ECAM are lost. LDG GEAR lights on LDG GEAR control panel
remain available, if LGCIU 1 is electrically supplied.
3. The L/G LGCIU 2 FAULT or BRAKES SYS 1(2) FAULT warning may be spuriously
triggered after a gravity extension.
4. If the three green downlock arrows are not on, it is possible that the handcrank is not at
the mechanical stop. Check that the handcrank is firmly against the mechanical stop.
If successful:
Do not reset the free-fall system. This will avoid such undesirable effects as further loss of fluid,
in the event of a leak, or possible landing gear unlocking, in the event of a gear selector valve
jamming in the UP position.
Note: The free-fall system may be reset in flights used for training. If the green hydraulic
system is available, resetting the free-fall system allows the landing gear doors to be
closed.
The flight crew should not reset the free-fall system on the ground after flight.
If unsuccessful:
LDG WITH ABNORMAL L/G procedure............................................................................ APPLY
The procedure is intended for use when the nose or main landing gear fail to extend and/or lock
down following the application of the L/G GRVTY EXTN procedure.
It is preferable to use any available landing gear, rather than carry out a belly landing.
Under these circumstances, a hard surface runway landing is recommended.
Full advantage should be taken of any foam, spread on the runway.
CAUTION Do not apply this procedure if at least one green triangle is displayed on each
landing gear on the WHEEL SD page. This is sufficient to confirm that the landing
gear is downlocked. Disregard any possible L/G GEAR NOT DOWN ECAM alert at
750 ft RA and any possible GPWS "TOO LOW GEAR" aural alert.
PREPARATION
CABIN CREW......................................................................................................................NOTIFY
Notify the cabin crew of the nature of the emergency encountered and state intentions. Specify
the amount of available preparation time.
ATC......................................................................................................................................NOTIFY
Notify ATC of the nature of the emergency and state intentions.
Consider fuel reduction to a safe minimum. This reduces VREF and, consequently, the load
factor at impact and the energy to be dissipated.
GALY & CAB pb-sw.................................................................................................................. OFF
If NOSE L/G abnormal:
CG location (if possible)......................................................................................................AFT
‐ 10 passengers from front to rear moves the CG roughly 4 % aft
‐ 10 passengers from mid to rear moves the CG roughly 2.5 aft.
If one MAIN L/G abnormal:
FUEL IMBALANCE................................................................................................. CONSIDER
Open the fuel X-FEED valve and switch off the pumps on the side with landing gear normally
extended.
OXYGEN CREW SUPPLY........................................................................................................OFF
SIGNS..........................................................................................................................................ON
CABIN and COCKPIT..................................................................................................... PREPARE
Secure loose equipment, prepare survival equipment, and lock belts and shoulder harnesses.
Continued on the following page
L2 Failure of normal brake selector valve, or the steering selector valve, in the open position:
‐ If the normal brake selector valve is failed open, full green hydraulic pressure is present at
normal servovalves’ entry.
Nosewheel steering remains available.
‐ On ground, do not tow the aircraft with the yellow hydraulic system pressurized: If the steering
selector valve is failed open, nosewheel steering remains pressurized, and so towing may either
break the towbar shear pin, or the nose gear (if towbarless towing).
‐ If the steering selector valve is failed open, setting A/SKID & N/W STRG sw to OFF will cause
the nosewheel to go to maximum deflection.
L1 A/SKID & N/W STRG...........................................................................................................KEEP ON
L2 As long as antiskid is operative, brake pressure is regulated by normal servovalves.
L12
STATUS
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY INOP SYS
(1)
See
CAT 3 DUAL
N/W STRG
(1)
Note: 1. If the L/G SHOCK ABSORBER FAULT is also displayed, then the nose wheels may
be at maximum deflection. (turned 90 ° from center). During landing, delay nose wheel
touchdown as long as possible.
2. As specified in theRefer to QRH/OPS Required Equipment for CAT2 and CAT3
automatic rollout is not permitted.
WHEEL TYRE LO PR
Crew awareness.
Apply this paper procedure when requested by the "NAV ADR 1+2+3 FAULT" ECAM alert.
SPD......................................................................................................................... FLY THE GREEN
Fly within the green area of the speed scale to ensure safe flight. For slats/flaps retraction, it is
better to fly at the top of the green area of the speed scale.
CAUTION The altitude displayed on the PFD is a GPS altitude.
BACK UP NAV..............................................................................................................................USE
When all ADRs are OFF, both FMs are lost.
Revert to Back Up Nav via the NAV B/UP prompt on the MCDU MENU page.
NAVAID TUNING.................................................................................................................USE RMP
Set both RMPs to NAV.
MANUAL CABIN PRESSURE CONTROL
MODE SEL............................................................................................................................... MAN
MAN V/S CTL.................................................................................................................. AS RQRD
MAN CAB PR CTL
TGT V/S : CLIMB 500 FT/MIN
DESC 300 FT/MIN
A/C GPS ALT CAB ALT TGT
410 8000
350 7000
300 5500
250 3000
<200 0
FOR APPROACH
SPD......................................................................................................................FLY THE GREEN
Before extending the slats/flaps, it is better to fly at the bottom of the speed scale green area,
and to be in straight flight.
FOR LDG.....................................................................................................................USE FLAP 3
Note: Do not select CONF FULL so as not to degrade the handling qualities. Since ADR
parameters are lost, the SFCCs will set CONF 1+F instead of CONF 1
LDG DIST PROC..................................................................................................................APPLY
APPR SPD............................................................................................................... FLY THE BUG
Continued on the following page
STATUS
INOP SYS
EGPWS ALERTS
CAUTION During night or IMC conditions, immediately apply the procedure. Do not delay
reaction for diagnosis.
During daylight VMC conditions, with terrain and obstacles clearly in sight, the alert
may be considered cautionary. Take positive corrective action until the alert stops,
or until a safe trajectory is ensured.
“PULL UP” - “TERRAIN AHEAD PULL UP” - “OBSTACLE AHEAD PULL UP”:
Simultaneously:
AP............................................................................................................................................OFF
PITCH............................................................................................................................. PULL UP
Pull to full backstick and maintain in that position.
THRUST LEVERS............................................................................................................... TOGA
SPEED BRAKES lever...............................................................................CHECK RETRACTED
BANK................................................................................................. WINGS LEVEL or ADJUST
Best climb performance is obtained when close to wings level. Then, for “TERRAIN AHEAD
PULL UP” or for “OBSTACLE AHEAD PULL UP”, and if the crew concludes that turning is the
safest way of action, a turning maneuver can be initiated.
When flight path is safe and the warning stops:
Decrease pitch attitude and accelerate.
When speed is above VLS, and vertical speed is positive:
Clean up aircraft, as required.
“TERRAIN TERRAIN” – “TOO LOW TERRAIN”:
Adjust the flight path, or initiate a go-around.
“TERRAIN AHEAD” - “OBSTACLE AHEAD”
Adjust the flight path. Stop descent. Climb and/or turn, as necessary, based on analysis of all
available instruments and information.
“SINK RATE” – “DON’T SINK”:
Adjust pitch attitude and thrust to silence the alert.
“TOO LOW GEAR” - “TOO LOW FLAPS”:
Perform a go-around.
Continued on the following page
L2 If one ADR is faulty, or has been rejected by the ELAC, and if there is a speed or alpha
disagreement between the 2 remaining ADRs, alternate law becomes active, and protections are
lost.
L1 AIR SPD............................................................................................................................... X CHECK
IF SPD DISAGREE:
ADR CHECK PROC...........................................................................................................APPLY
L2
Refer to PRO-ABN-34 UNRELIABLE SPEED INDICATION to determine the faulty ADR.
L1
IF NO SPD DISAGREE:
AOA DISCREPANCY
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
L12
STATUS
MAX SPEED..........................................................320 KT INOP SYS
If IR alignment is lost, the navigation mode is inoperative (red ATT flag on PFD and red HDG flag
on ND).
Aircraft attitude and heading may be recovered by applying the following procedure.
Aircraft must stay level with constant speed during 30 s.
MODE SELECTOR........................................................................................................................ATT
LEVEL A/C ATTITUDE...............................................................................................................HOLD
CONSTANT A/C SPEED.................................................................................................... MAINTAIN
MCDU INITIALIZATION
DATA (MCDU KEY)...........................................................................................................PRESS
The DATA INDEX page is displayed
IRS MONITOR (2L KEY)...................................................................................................PRESS
The IRS MONITOR page is displayed.
A/C HEADING....................................................................................................................ENTER
The heading must be entered in the SET HDG field (5R KEY).
L2
Note: In case of simultaneous failure of ADR and IR (same ADIRU), apply ADR FAULT
procedure before IR FAULT procedure.
L1
ADR 1 FAULT:
AIR DATA SWTG..............................................................................................................CAPT 3
L2 Select ADR 3 pb-sw (if available ) to captain side.
The GPWS TERR FAULT light comes on as the enhanced functions of the EGPWS TERR are
inhibited. As such, the GPWS TERR pb-sw should be switched OFF.
L1 ADR 1 P/B.............................................................................................................................. OFF
ADR 2 FAULT:
AIR DATA SWTG................................................................................................................. F/O 3
L2 Select ADR 3 pb-sw (if available) to first officer side.
L1 ADR 2 P/B.............................................................................................................................. OFF
BARO REF........................................................................................................................ CHECK
L2 If ADR 2 fails, both baro reference channels are driven by the same FCU channel.
Consequently the baro reference displays must be checked.
L1
ADR 3 FAULT:
AIR DATA SWTG (IF ADR 3 IN USE)............................................................................... NORM
ADR 3 P/B.............................................................................................................................. OFF
STATUS
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY INOP SYS
ADR 1(2)(3)
CAT 3 DUAL
(1)
GPWS
(1) (in case of ADR 1 FAULT only)
L2 Flight control normal laws are lost. Pitch alternate law preserves the neutral static stability. All
protections, except maneuver protections are lost.
L1
ADR 1+2 FAULT:
AIR DATA SWTG..............................................................................................................CAPT 3
L2 Set ADR 3 pb-sw (if available) to the captain's side.
L1 ADR (AFFECTED) P/B........................................................................................................... OFF
L2 The GPWS TERR FAULT light comes on, as the enhanced functions of the EGPWS are
inhibited. As such, the GPWS TERR pb-sw should be switched OFF.
L1
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
L12
STATUS
MAX SPEED................................................................ 320 KT INOP SYS
L2 This alert triggers if each of the three ADRs self-detects a failure, or receives irrelevant data from
the probes. This procedure requires that the 3 ADRs be switched OFF, to replace the PFD’s normal
speed scale and altitude indication by the backup speed scale and GPS altitude indication.
L1 AP+FD........................................................................................................................................... OFF
A/THR............................................................................................................................................ OFF
ADR 1+2+3 P/B.............................................................................................................................OFF
L2 Note: The STALL WARNING is not lost.
L1 SPD......................................................................................................................... FLY THE GREEN
L2 Fly the green area of the speed scale to ensure safe flight.
L1 STBY INST................................................................................................................MAY BE UNREL
L2 Depending on the source of the ADR 3 pb-sw FAULT, the standby instruments’ indication may be
L1
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
STATUS
MANEUVER WITH CARE INOP SYS
SPD BRK...........................................................DO NOT USE
STBY INST............................................. MAY BE UNREL REAC W/S DET
PRED W/S DET
APPR PROC F/CTL PROT
ADR 1+2+3
RUD TRV LIM
FOR LDG......................................................USE FLAP 3 AP 1+2
LDG............................................................ GRVTY EXTN A/THR
CAB PR 1+2
ALTN LAW: PROT LOST GPWS
GPWS TERR
WHEN L/G DN: DIRECT LAW
Crew awareness.
ATT....................................................................................................................................... X CHECK
L2 Crosscheck with standby horizon.
L1 ATT HDG SWTG................................................................................................................. AS RQRD
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
L2 The ECAM alert is displayed when the FMS and GPS positions differ by more than:
‐ A longitude threshold that depends on the latitude:
• 0.5 min between 55 ° N and 55 ° S
• 0.9 min between latitudes 55 ° and 70 °
‐ A latitude threshold of 0.5 min, regardless of the latitude.
L1 A/C POS...................................................................................................................................CHECK
The following procedure is not displayed on the ECAM:
If the ECAM alert is displayed during takeoff initiation:
Continue takeoff and monitor navigation.
If the ECAM alert is displayed during Climb, Cruise, or Descent:
Check accuracy on the MCDU PROG page:
If the ESTIMATED accuracy is below the REQUIRED accuracy:
NAV mode and ND ARC/ROSE NAV may be used.
If the ESTIMATED accuracy is above the REQUIRED accuracy:
HDG/TRK mode and raw data must be used.
When possible, compare the positions of both FMs with the GPIRS position, on the MCDU
POSITION MONITOR page:
If one FM position agrees with the onside GPIRS position:
Use the associated AP/FD.
If not:
Deselect GPS and use raw data.
If the ECAM alert is displayed during ILS/LOC approach (LOC green):
Continue the approach.
If the ECAM alert is displayed during a RNP approach:
Go around if visual references are not sufficient.
If the ECAM alert is displayed during a GLS approach:
Go around if visual references are not sufficient.
Continued on the following page
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
GPS 1(2)
GPWS............................................................................................................................................ OFF
L2 This line remains displayed, even after the GPWS pb-sw has been switched OFF.
STATUS
INOP SYS
GPWS
L2 The enhanced TCF and TAD modes of the EGPWS are inoperative.
L1 GPWS TERR.................................................................................................................................OFF
L2 The basic GPWS mode 1 to mode 5 are still operative if SYS pusbutton switch lights FAULT or
OFF are not illuminated.
HDG......................................................................................................................................X CHECK
L2 Compare the 3 IR headings on MCDU or crosscheck with standby compass.
L1 ATT HDG SWTG................................................................................................................. AS RQRD
STATUS
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY INOP SYS
CAT 3 DUAL
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
ILS 1+2
GPWS
Crew awareness.
Continued on the following page
STATUS
INOP SYS
ILS 1(2)
CAT 2
(1)
GPWS
(1) (if ILS 1 fault on ground)
L2
Note: In case of a simultaneous ADR and IR (same ADIRU) failure, apply the ADR FAULT
procedure before the IR FAULT procedure.
L1
IR 1 FAULT:
ATT HDG SWTG.............................................................................................................. CAPT 3
ATC/XPDR...........................................................................................................................SYS 2
IR 2 FAULT:
ATT HDG SWTG..................................................................................................................F/O 3
ATC/XPDR...........................................................................................................................SYS 1
IR 3 FAULT:
ATT HDG SWTG (IF IR 3 IN USE).................................................................................... NORM
L2 This line is not displayed on the ECAM.
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
IR MAY BE AVAIL IN ATT INOP SYS
Refer to PRO-ABN-34 IR ALIGNMENT IN ATT MODE
IR 1(2)(3)
CAT 3 SINGLE ONLY CAT 3 DUAL
(1)
GPWS TERR
(1)
TCAS
(2)
See
(1) (In case of an IR 1 fault)
(2)
Note: In case of an IR 1 fault, the TCAS may be inoperative (depending on the TCAS
manufacturer). If the IR 1 is available in ATT mode, the TCAS can be recovered by
entering the aircraft magnetic heading into the CDU, as per the IR ALIGNMENT IN ATT
MODE procedure.
The loss or the failure of an Inertial Reference System (IRS) may result in the loss of the FMS.
Refer to PRO-SUP-22-20-15 Loss Of FMS Position Further To IRS Loss.
If IR 1 + 2 FAULT:
ATT HDG SWTG.............................................................................................................. CAPT 3
L2 Set IR 3 (If available) to the Captain's side.
Attitude information is lost on first officer's PFD.
L1
If IR 1 + 3 (or 2 + 3) FAULT:
ATT HDG SWTG................................................................................................................ NORM
L2 Attitude information is lost on one side (Captain or first officer).
L1
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
L12
STATUS
MAX SPEED................................................................ 320 KT INOP SYS
NAV IR DISAGREE
L2
Disagreement between two IRs, the third one having failed or been rejected by the ELACs. Pitch
direct, roll direct, and yaw mechanical laws become active. All protections (pitch and roll) are lost.
L1 ATT....................................................................................................................................... X CHECK
L1
IF DISAGREE CONFIRMED:
FAULTY IR P/B...................................................................................................................... OFF
ELAC 2..................................................................................................................OFF THEN ON
ELAC 1..................................................................................................................OFF THEN ON
L2 Note: When the ELAC 1 computer is reset on ground, the pitch trim returns to the ground
setting position (0 °).
After corrective action (faulty IR switched off and ELACs reset), pitch alternate law
with reduced protections is recovered.
L1
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
L12
STATUS
MAX SPEED................................................................ 320 KT INOP SYS
L2 This caution is available in Phase 2 (after first engine start, until takeoff)
L1 POSITION DISAGREE
POSITION MISSING
PRESENT POS....................................................................................................................... INSERT
EXCESS MOTION
IR 1 (2) (3) (1+2) (2+3) (1+2+3) IN ALIGN
L2
The predictive windshear function is lost.
L1
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
Crew awareness.
L12
STATUS
WHEN L/G DN: DIRECT LAW INOP SYS
(1)
See
RA 1+2
A/CALL OUT
GPWS
CAT 2 (when landing gear is
down)
REAC W/S DET
(1) At landing gear extension, flight controls revert to direct law in pitch, as well as in roll (Refer to
PRO-ABN-27 F/CTL DIRECT LAW).
ILS APPR mode cannot be engaged, LOC mode is available via the FCU LOC pb.
Crew awareness.
STATUS
CAT 2 ONLY INOP SYS
RA 1(2)
CAT 3
GPWS (If RA 1 fault)
NAV RA DEGRADED
Crew awareness.
L2 If a significant discrepancy occurs in flight between the two radio altimeters, the NAV RA
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
TCAS
Crew awareness.
L2 If the flight crew sets the TCAS on STBY in flight, the NAV TCAS STBY alert appears.
OVERSPEED
VMO/MMO................................................................................................................................ 350/.82
L2 (235/0.60 in case of dispatch with landing gear down).
L1 VLE........................................................................................................................................... 280/.67
VFE..................................................................................................................................SEE BELOW
CONF VFE
FULL 177
3 185
2 200
1+F 215
1 230
STALL WARNING
When the threshold is reached, a permanent aural warning is triggered "STALL + CRICKET"
as long as a correct angle-of-attack is not recovered. (Refer to FCOM/PRO/ABN - Operating
Techniques Section - Stall Recovery and Stall Warning At Lift-Off procedures).
TCAS WARNINGS
Unreliable speed indication may be due to radome damage, or due to air probe failure or
obstruction.
The indicated altitude may also be affected, if static probes are affected.
Unreliable speed cannot be detected by the ADIRU. The flight control and flight guidance
computers normally reject erroneous speed/altitude source(s), provided a significant difference is
detected.
However, they will not be able to reject two erroneous speeds or altitudes that synchronously
and similarly drift away. In this remote case, the aircraft systems will consider the remaining
correct source as being faulty and will reject it. Consequently, the flight control and flight guidance
computers will use the remaining two wrong ADRs for their computation.
Therefore, in all cases of unreliable speed, the pilots must identify the faulty ADR(s) and then
switch it (them) OFF.
If all ADRs provide unreliable data:
‐ Below FL250: Switch OFF the 3 ADRs to display the Backup Speed Scale (BUSS) and fly the
green area of the speed scale.
‐ Above FL250: Keep one ADR ON to prevent the display of the BUSS, and fly the aircraft using
the Pitch/Thrust tables.
Unreliable speed indications may be suspected, either by:
‐ Speed discrepancies (between ADR 1, 2, 3, and standby instruments).
‐ Fluctuating or unexpected increase/decrease/steady indicated speed, or pressure altitude.
‐ Abnormal correlation of the basic flight parameters (speed, pitch attitude, thrust, climb rate).
‐ Abnormal AP/FD/ATHR behavior.
‐ STALL warning, or OVERSPEED warnings, that contradicts with at least one of the indicated
speeds.
• Rely on the stall warning that could be triggered in alternate or direct law. It is not affected by
unreliable speeds, because it is based on angle of attack.
• Depending on the failure, the OVERSPEED warning may be false or justified. Buffet,
associated with the OVERSPEED VFE warning, is a symptom of a real overspeed condition.
‐ Inconsistency between radio height and pressure altitude.
‐ Reduction in aerodynamic noise with increasing speed, or increase in aerodynamic noise with
decreasing speed.
‐ Impossibility of extending the landing gear by the normal landing gear control.
For the ADR CHECK procedure, apply the UNRELIABLE SPEED INDICATION procedure. Refer to
PRO-ABN-34 UNRELIABLE SPEED INDICATION.
L2 The valve position disagrees with the commanded position, when the APU is running.
L1
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
STATUS
INOP SYS
APU BLEED
STATUS
ONE PACK ONLY IF WAI ON INOP SYS
STATUS
ONE PACK ONLY IF WAI ON INOP SYS
Apply this procedure when both engine bleed supply systems are failed. In this configuration, the
CAB PR EXCESS CAB ALT may trigger. In this case, apply the ECAM procedure associated to the
CAB PR EXCESS CAB ALT before continuing this paper procedure.
If either AIR ENG 1 BLEED FAULT or AIR ENG 1 BLEED ABNORM PR
and
If either AIR ENG 2 BLEED FAULT or AIR ENG 2 BLEED ABNORM PR:
X BLEED .............................................................................................................................SHUT
ENG 1+2 BLEED ................................................................................................. OFF THEN ON
Attempt one reset only. If the fault occurs again, consider reset unsuccessful.
If unsucessful (no ENG BLEED recovered):
DESCENT TO FL 100/MEA-MORA......................................................................... INITIATE
L2 Descend rapidly to FL 100/MEA-MORA, to prevent excessive cabin altitude.
L1 ENG 1+2 BLEED............................................................................................................. OFF
APU BLEED..................................................................................................................... OFF
APU..............................................................................................................................START
L2 Start APU during descent.
L1 WING A.ICE..................................................................................................................... OFF
AVOID ICING CONDITIONS
When below FL 200 and APU AVAIL:
WING A.ICE....................................................................................................KEEP OFF
L2 APU BLEED must not be used for wing anti-ice.
AVOID ICING CONDITIONS
L1 APU BLEED.................................................................................................................ON
L2 When APU BLEED is ON and pressurization is recovered, reduce rate of descent and
consider MAX FL 200.
L1
If APU BLEED available:
L2 CABIN PRESSURE MONITOR
L1
MAX FL 200
ENG 1+2 BLEED.................................................................................................. ON
APU BLEED........................................................................................................ OFF
If no ENG BLEED recovered:
APU BLEED................................................................................................... ON
ENG 1+2 BLEED..........................................................................................OFF
Continued on the following page
L2 In flight, engine bleed temperature is too low for correct wing de-icing.
L1 A/THR............................................................................................................................................ OFF
THR LEVER (AFFECTED ENGINE)...................................................................................ADVANCE
L2 The thrust lever of the affected engine must be advanced, with the autothrust OFF.
Low bleed temperature may be due to low outside air temperature. Therefore, increasing engine
thrust may increase bleed temperature and clear the ECAM caution.
L1
IF UNSUCCESSFUL:
X BLEED..............................................................................................................................OPEN
ENG BLEED (AFFECTED).....................................................................................................OFF
ASSOCIATED PACK (IF OPPOSITE PACK ON).................................................................. OFF
L2 One pack must be closed, when the pilot is using wing anti-ice, due to precooler performance.
STATUS
ONE PACK ONLY IF WAI ON INOP SYS
L2 In flight, engine bleed temperature is too low for correct wing de-icing.
L1 A/THR............................................................................................................................................ OFF
THR LEVER (AFFECTED ENGINE)...................................................................................ADVANCE
L2 The thrust lever of the affected engine must be advanced, with the autothrust OFF.
Low bleed temperature may be due to low outside air temperature. Therefore, increasing engine
thrust may increase bleed temperature and clear the ECAM caution.
L1
IF UNSUCCESSFUL:
WING A. ICE.......................................................................................................................... OFF
AVOID ICING CONDITIONS
STATUS
AVOID ICING CONDITIONS INOP SYS
• IF SEVERE ICE ACCRETION:
MIN SPD...............................................VLS +10 / G DOT WING A. ICE
MANEUVER WITH CARE
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY
A/THR ...........................................................................................................................................OFF
THR LEVERS......................................................................................................................ADVANCE
L2 The thrust lever of the affected engine must be advanced, with the autothrust OFF.
Low bleed temperature may be due to low outside air temperature. Therefore, increasing engine
thrust may increase bleed temperature and clear the ECAM caution.
L1
IF UNSUCCESSFUL:
WING A. ICE.......................................................................................................................... OFF
AVOID ICING CONDITIONS
Continued on the following page
STATUS
AVOID ICING CONDITIONS
• IF SEVERE ICE ACCRETION:
MIN SPD...............................................VLS +10 / G DOT
MANEUVER WITH CARE
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY
STATUS
ONE PACK ONLY IF WAI ON INOP SYS
Crew awareness.
Continued on the following page
STATUS
AIR PRESS LOW AT IDLE
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
STATUS
AVOID ICING CONDITIONS INOP SYS
• IF SEVERE ICE ACCRETION:
MIN SPD...............................................VLS +10 / G DOT WING A.ICE
ENG 1(2) BLEED
MANEUVER WITH CARE PACK 1(2)
LDG DIST PROC...................................................APPLY
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
STATUS
If manual opening inoperative: INOP SYS
AVOID ICING CONDITIONS
X BLEED
IF SEVERE ICE ACCRETION: WING A.ICE
MIN SPD..................................VLS +10 / G DOT
MANEUVER WITH CARE
LDG DIST PROC............................................ APPLY
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
BMC 1 + 2
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
BMC 1(2)
Crew awareness.
ATSU INIT FAULT
L2 Displayed, in case of failure upon ATSU initialization. Refer to PRO-SUP-46 ATSU Initialization
STATUS
INOP SYS
ATSU
DATA COMPANY
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
DATA COMPANY
STATUS
INOP SYS
APU
On the ground:
Crew awareness.
In flight:
No crew action required as long as cabin pressure is normal.
IF ABN CAB V/S:
MAX FL.....................................................................................................................100/MEA
L2 Limit maximum flight level to FL 100 or MEA or minimum obstacle clearance altitude.
Avionics doors are of plug type. Therefore full depressurization is not recommended.
STATUS
• IF ABN CAB V/S:
MAX FL.............................................................. 100/MEA
On the ground:
L2 Crew may confirm a cabin door warning by checking the visual indicator on the door.
Crew may confirm a cargo door warning by checking the indication on the cargo door.
L1
Crew awareness.
In flight:
No crew action required as long as cabin pressure is normal.
IF ABN CAB V/S:
MAX FL.....................................................................................................................100/MEA
L2 Limit maximum flight level to FL 100 or MEA or minimum obstacle clearance altitude.
If door warning is accompanied by abnormal increase of cabin altitude, flight crew must
reduce cabin ΔP and altitude by descending.
Continued on the following page
STATUS
• IF ABN CAB V/S:
MAX FL............................................................... 100/MEA
L2 Status of bleed valves, pack valves, wing and engine anti ice valves, X bleed valves is not received
by the FADEC active channel.
L1
If ENG ANTI ICE on:
ENG MODE SEL..................................................................................................................... IGN
STATUS
ENG 1(2) HI GND IDLE
L2 Status of bleed valves, pack valves, wing and engine anti ice valves, X bleed valve is not received
by the FADEC active channel.
L2
L1 HI GND IDLE
FADEC increases minimum idle as if valves were opened.
L1
If ENG ANTI ICE on:
ENG MODE SEL..................................................................................................................... IGN
L2 When ENG anti ice is on, there is no automatic selection of continuous relight since FADEC
does not know position of engine anti ice valves position.
L1
BEFORE T.O.:
PACK (ASSOCIATED SIDE).................................................................................................. OFF
L2 Associated pack must be closed to reduce risk of excessive EGT.
STATUS
ENG 1(2) HI GND IDLE
STATUS
AVOID RAPID THR CHANGES
STATUS
MAX ENG (AFFECTED) N2..................................... 96 %
L2 The data bus between the EIU and ECU fails. Therefore:
‐ Affected engine start is lost
‐ Autothrust control is lost
‐ Thrust reverser on the affected engine is lost
‐ When idle is selected, only approach idle is available
‐ Bleed corrections on N1 limit are lost (Refer to PRO-ABN-70 ENG 1(2) BLEED STATUS FAULT
(In Flight)).
L1
Crew awareness.
L12
STATUS
ENG 1(2) APPR IDLE ONLY INOP SYS
Minimum idle is lost.
A/THR
REVERSER 1(2)
ENG 1(2) START
On ground:
THR LVR (affected) NOT ABOVE IDLE
ENG (AFFECTED) PARAMETERS...................................................................................CHECK
L2 Due to the fact that engine indications are lost, other system pages such as HYD SD page,
ELEC SD page or BLEED SD page must be used to check engine status.
L1
IF ABN ENG OPERATION:
ENG MASTER (AFFECTED)........................................................................................... OFF
In flight:
THR LEVER (AFFECTED).................................................................................................... IDLE
ENG (AFFECTED) PARAMETERS...................................................................................CHECK
L2 Due to the fact that engine indications are lost, other system pages such as HYD SD page,
ELEC SD page or BLEED SD page must be used to check engine status.
L1
IF ABN ENG OPERATION:
ENG MASTER (AFFECTED)........................................................................................... OFF
L12
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
L2 An engine flame-out may be recognized by a rapid decrease in EGT, N2, FF, followed by decrease
in N1.
Engine damage may be accompanied by:
‐ Loud noise,
‐ Significant increase in aircraft vibrations and/or buffeting,
‐ Repeated or uncontrollable engine stalls,
‐ Associated abnormal indications such as hydraulic fluid loss, or no N2 indication.
L1 LAND ASAP (AMBER)
Before takeoff or after landing:
THR LEVER (AFFECTED ENGINE)..................................................................................... IDLE
ENG MASTER (AFFECTED ENGINE)...................................................................................OFF
IF DAMAGE:
ENG FIRE P/B (AFFECTED ENGINE)......................................................................... PUSH
AGENT 1...................................................................................................................... DISCH
IF NO DAMAGE:
L2 If conditions permit, do not restart the engine. A new engine start would erase FADEC
troubleshooting data.
L1 ENG (AFFECTED) RELIGHT...............................................................................CONSIDER
L2 If no damage, a new start sequence may be initiated.
L12
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
L2 Note: In case of GPWS (EGPWS ) alerts, reduce speed with care below VLS with flaps
extended (at light weights VMC may be reached before αMax) when applying the
GPWS (EGPWS ) procedure.
L1
IF NO ENG RELIGHT AFTER 30 S:
ENG MASTER (AFFECTED ENGINE)............................................................................ OFF
IF DAMAGE:
ENG FIRE P/B (AFFECTED ENGINE)...................................................................PUSH
AGENT 1 (AFTER 10 SECONDS IN FLIGHT)..................................................... DISCH
L12
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
STATUS
AVOID RAPID THR CHANGES or
Crew awareness.
L2
Maintenance action is due.
Crew awareness.
STATUS
INOP SYS
STATUS
INOP SYS
L2 There is discrepancy between the value displayed on the ECAM and the real value. The upper
ECAM upper displays a CHECK message below the affected indication.
Normal indication may be recovered by switching from DMC 1 to DMC 3.
If unsuccessful, and if both thrust levers are at the same position, crosscheck with the opposite
parameter.
L1
Crew awareness.
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
Crew awareness.
L2
Maintenance action is due, except if the caution is temporarily displayed during cold engine start
with engine oil temperature lower than 40 °C.
L2 Oil temp between 140 °C and 155 °C for more than 15 min, or oil temp above 155 °C.
L1 THR LEVER (OF AFFECTED ENGINE)......................................................................................IDLE
ENG MASTER (OF AFFECTED ENGINE)................................................................................... OFF
L12
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
Crew awareness.
Crew awareness.
L12
Note: If the warning appears during engine start, shut down the engine. Restart the engine. If
the warning still appears, maintenance action is due.
L2 Reverse thrust system is pressurized with reverser doors stowed and locked.
L1
In flight:
THR LEVER 1(2)................................................................................................................... IDLE
L2 If flight conditions permit, reduce the thrust of the affected engine to IDLE as a precautionary
measure.
L1
On ground:
THR LVR 1(2) NOT ABOVE IDLE
Crew awareness.
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
STATUS
INOP SYS
REVERSER 1(2)
L2 PS3, T25, T3, N1, N2 data not available on both ECU channels.
L1
On ground:
THR LEVER (AFFECTED).................................................................................................... IDLE
ENG MASTER (AFFECTED)..................................................................................................OFF
In flight:
AVOID RAPID THR CHANGES.
STATUS
AVOID RAPID THR CHANGES.
* HYD
* ELEC
* AIR BLEED
L2
Note: In some conditions, with full asymmetric power, the aircraft may be control-limited before
reaching the protection system limit. Therefore, in extreme conditions, where low speed
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
If ENG 1(2) FIRE pb-sw pushed: INOP SYS
AVOID ICING CONDITIONS
CAT 3 DUAL
IF SEVERE ICE ACCRETION: ENG 1(2) BLEED
MIN SPD...................................VLS + 10/G DOT PACK 1(2)
MAIN GALLEY
MANEUVER WITH CARE
GEN 1(2)
LDG DIST PROC......................................APPLY G ENG 1 PUMP or
If REV unlocked: Y ENG 2 PUMP
(1)
MAX SPEED................................................. 300/0.78 WING A. ICE
AFT CRG HEAT
APPR PROC
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
L2 This alert is triggered associated with the repetitive "RETARD-RETARD" synthetic voice at landing
when:
‐ One thrust lever is above idle while the other thrust lever is in reverse detent,
‐ One thrust lever is above idle while the other thrust lever is at idle.
L1 THR LEVER (AFFECTED ENGINE)............................................................................................ IDLE
L2 Both Thrust Lever Angle (TLA) sensors not in agreement on one engine.
L1 LAND ASAP (AMBER)
On ground (if both TLA not at TOGA or FLX/MCT or if only one TLA is at TOGA or
FLX/MCT and the other is below IDLE):
ENG (AFFECTED) IDLE POWER ONLY.
L2 In that situation, the FADEC automatically selects IDLE.
L1 THR LEVER (AFFECTED)................................................................................................... IDLE
During take-off (if both TLA are above IDLE):
ENG (AFFECTED) TO, FLX, OR DRT TO
L2 If both TLA are above IDLE, the FADEC automatically selects TO, FLX TO, or DRT TO
thrust until thrust reduction, after which the maximum available thrust is CLB.
L1
In cruise (with slats retracted):
AVAIL MAX POWER : CLB
L2 In flight, if the failure occurs while the thrust lever is between idle and MCT, and if the slats are
not extended, (or when MN > 0.55, if the onside EIU is failed) the FADEC selects the larger
TLA power limited to CLB.
L1 A/THR (IF ENGAGED) ................................................................................................. KEEP ON
A/THR (IF NOT ENGAGED AND IF SLATS ARE NOT EXTENDED) .................................... ON
L2 With A/THR engaged, thrust is automatically managed between IDLE and higher TLA position.
L1
In approach (with slats extended):
ENG (AFFECTED) AT IDLE (WHEN SLATS ARE EXTENDED FOR APPROACH)..
L2 If TLA at, or below, MCT and if the slats are extended for approach, (or when MN < 0.47, if the
onside EIU is failed).
L1 THR LEVER (AFFECTED)................................................................................................... IDLE
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
If TLA at, or below, MCT INOP SYS
WHEN SLATS OUT:
ENG 1(2) THR
(Displayed, if slats not extended), or
WHEN MN < 0.47:
(Displayed, if the onside EIU is failed)
ENG (AFFECTED) AT IDLE
For any case of thrust lever disagree (TO, FLEX,
or between Idle and MCT), the FADEC will
command idle thrust for the approach when
slats are extended (or when the Mach number
is less than 0.47, if associated EIU is failed). It
is independent of the autothrust condition. The
affected engine’s thrust remains definitively at
idle, even for go-around.
L12
STATUS
WHEN SLATS OUT: INOP SYS
(Displayed if slats not extended) or, REVERSER 1(2)
ENG 1(2) THR
WHEN MN < 0.47:
(Displayed if the onside EIU is failed).
L2 Engine 1 and 2 VBV or VSV motor fault detected on the standby ECU channel.
L1
Crew awareness.
L2 This warning inhibits the ELEC EMER CONFIG warning, and provides the flight crew with the
immediate actions to take in the case of a dual engine failure. This procedure then directs the flight
crew to apply the applicable QRH procedure, depending on if there is fuel or not.
When applying the QRH ENG DUAL FAILURE paper procedure:
‐ If one or more engines are recovered, apply the corresponding ECAM procedure instead
‐ If no engines are recovered, continue to apply the QRH ENG DUAL FAILURE paper procedure.
If time permits, clear ECAM alerts, and check the ECAM STATUS page.
L1 LAND ASAP
EMER ELEC PWR (IF EMER GEN NOT IN LINE)...............................................................MAN ON
L2 Pressing EMER ELEC PWR MAN ON pb allows extension of RAT and emergency generator
coupling.
L1 THR LEVERS............................................................................................................................... IDLE
Resetting FAC 1 also enables rudder trim recovery, even if no indication is available.
When the hydraulic power is lost, the right aileron is lost, and is in the upfloat position.
Rudder trim may be used to compensate for this upfloating aileron.
L1
IF NO FUEL:
OPT SPD.....................................................................................................220 KT/GREEN DOT
L2 If there is no fuel remaining, the optimum speed is the green dot speed.
Initially fly 220 kt then refer to the paper procedure to get the accurate green dot speed.
L1 ENG/NO FUEL PROC........................................................................................................APPLY
L2 Refer to FCOM - QRH ABN 70 ENG DUAL FAILURE - NO FUEL REMAINING.
L1
IF FUEL REMAINS:
ENG MODE SEL..................................................................................................................... IGN
OPT RELIGHT SPD...........................................................................................................300 KT
L2 If there is fuel remaining, the optimum speed is the optimum relight speed.
The ECAM provides reference to an envelope speed. In case of speed indication failure
(volcanic ash), pitch attitude for optimum relight is provided in the paper procedure.
L1 ENG/FUEL PROC.............................................................................................................. APPLY
L2 Refer to FCOM - QRH ABN 70 ENG DUAL FAILURE - FUEL REMAINING.
Continued on the following page
L12
STATUS
MIN RAT SPEED......................................................... 140 KT INOP SYS
MAX SPEED ............................................................. 320/0.77
MAX BRK PR.......................................................... 1000 PSI See below
MANEUVER WITH CARE
FUEL GRVTY FEED
AVOID NEGATIVE G FACTOR
APPR PROC
INOP SYS
(1) At landing gear extension, control reverts to direct law in pitch as well as in roll (Refer to
PRO-ABN-27 F/CTL DIRECT LAW).
(2) 7 full brake applications are available.
As long as none of the engines recover, the flight crew must apply this paper procedure when
required by the ECAM ENG DUAL FAILURE procedure. If time permits, clear ECAM alerts, and
check the ECAM STATUS page.
LAND ASAP
OPTIMUM RELIGHT SPD........................................................................................................300 KT
In the case of a speed indication failure (volcanic ash), Pitch attitude for optimum relight speed is:
WEIGHT PITCH (°)
At or below 50 000 kg/110 000 lb -4.5
60 000 kg/132 000 lb -3.5
70 000 kg/154 000 lb -2.5
At 300 kt, the aircraft can fly up to about 2 nm per 1 000 ft (with no wind).
LANDING STRATEGY.................................................................................................... DETERMINE
Determine whether a runway can be reached, or the most appropriate place for a forced
landing/ditching.
VHF1/HF1 /ATC1....................................................................................................................USE
ATC/TRANSPONDER...................................................................................NOTIFY/SELECT A7700
Notify air traffic control of the nature of the emergency, and state intentions. Switch to code A7700,
or transmit a distress message on one of the following frequencies: VHF frequency 121.5 MHz, HF
2 182 kHz or 8 364 kHz.
IF NO RELIGHT AFTER 30 SEC:
ENG MASTERS...................................................................................................... OFF 30 S/ON
Unassisted start attempts can be repeated until successful, or until APU bleed is available.
IF UNSUCCESSFUL:
CREW OXY MASKS (Above FL 100)......................................................................................ON
Cabin altitude will increase, due to the lack of engine bleed: The EXCESS CAB ALT warning
could be triggered. Depending on the situation, to gain gliding distance, the flight crew may
disregard the ECAM emergency descent requirement, because passengers will be provided
with oxygen for a sufficient period of time.
APU (IF AVAIL)..................................................................................................................START
If the APU is available, it may be started when below FL 250 and the APU BLEED may be used
for engine start below FL 200.
WING ANTI ICE......................................................................................................................OFF
Continued on the following page
At green dot speed, the aircraft can fly up to approximately 2.5 nm per 1 000 ft (with no wind).
Average rate of descent is approximately 1 600 ft/min.
CABIN AND COCKPIT................................................................................................. PREPARE
‐ Loose equipment secured.
‐ Survival equipments prepared.
‐ Belts and shoulder harnesses locked.
CABIN SIGNS...........................................................................................................................ON
COMMERCIAL........................................................................................................................ OFF
USE RUDDER WITH CARE
As hydraulic power is only available from the RAT, avoid large and rapid rudder deflection.
WHEN BELOW FL 150:
RAM AIR...................................................................................................................................ON
Continued on the following page
At a suitable altitude (not below 3 000 ft AGL), configure the aircraft for landing
(CONF 3 ; L/G DOWN):
When in CONF 3 and VAPP:
GRAVITY GEAR EXTN handcrank.................................................... PULL AND TURN
Flight controls revert to direct law at landing gear extension. Wait for CONF 3 and
VAPP before extending the landing gear to enable the aircraft to be trimmed for
approach. Disregard “USE MAN PITCH TRIM” on the PFD, because the stabilizer is
frozen in the position where it was at, when the windmilling was insufficient to provide
hydraulic power.
When L/G downlocked
L/G lever...............................................................................................................DOWN
APPROACH SPEED..........................................................................................ADJUST
Adjust the speed to the determined VAPP. Nevertheless, to reach the landing
field/runway, the approach speed may be adjusted up to 200 kt (max speed with slats
extended).
GND SPLR..................................................................................................................... ARM
MAX BRK PR........................................................................................................ 1 000 PSI
AT 2 000 FT AGL
CABIN....................................................................................................NOTIFY FOR LANDING
AT 500 FT AGL
BRACE FOR IMPACT..................................................................................................... ORDER
Continued on the following page
IF DITCHING ANTICIPATED
APPROACH
FOR LDG.................................................................................................................USE FLAP 3
Only slats extend, and slowly.
MIN APPR SPEED........................................................................................................... 150 KT
VAPP........................................................................................................................DETERMINE
VAPP is the maximum between VREF +25 kt/150 kt:
Weight (1 000 kg) 40 44 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 78
VAPP 150 150 150 150 150 155 159 163 167 171 173
At a suitable altitude (not below 3 000 ft AGL), configure the aircraft for ditching
(CONF 3; L/G UP):
L/G lever..............................................................................................................CHECK UP
AT 2 000 FT AGL
CABIN...................................................................................................NOTIFY FOR DITCHING
DITCHING pushbutton............................................................................................................ ON
Prefer ditching parallel to the swell.
If that causes a strong crosswind, ditch into the wind.
In all cases, touch down with a pitch attitude of approximately 11 °.
Minimize aircraft vertical speed.
AT 500 FT AGL
BRACE FOR IMPACT..................................................................................................... ORDER
AT TOUCHDOWN
ENG MASTERS.....................................................................................................................OFF
APU MASTER SW................................................................................................................ OFF
AFTER DITCHING
ATC (VHF 1)....................................................................................................................NOTIFY
FIRE pushbutton (ENG and APU)......................................................................................PUSH
AGENT (ENG and APU)................................................................................................... DISCH
Engine Agent 2 is not available.
EVACUATION................................................................................................................ INITIATE
Continued on the following page
The flight crew must apply this paper procedure when required by the ENG DUAL FAILURE
procedure. If time permits, clear ECAM alerts, and check the ECAM STATUS page.
OPTIMUM SPEED............................................................................................. 220 KT/GREEN DOT
Initially, fly 220 kt, because the PFD may not display the correct green dot speed. Then fly the
green dot speed according to the following table:
GREEN DOT SPEED WITH ALL ENGINES INOPERATIVE (KNOTS)
Weight At or below
FL 300 FL 400
(1000 kg) FL 200
68 221 231 241
64 213 223 233
60 205 215 225
56 197 207 217
52 189 199 209
48 181 191 201
44 173 183 193
40 165 175 185
At green dot speed, the aircraft can fly up to approximately 2.5 nm per 1 000 ft (with no wind).
Average rate of descent is approximately 1 600 ft/min .
LANDING STRATEGY.................................................................................................... DETERMINE
Determine whether a runway can be reached or the most appropriate place for a forced
landing/ditching.
VHF1 /HF1 /ATC1............................................................................................................USE
ATC/TRANSPONDER...................................................................................NOTIFY/SELECT A7700
Notify air traffic control of the nature of the emergency, and state intentions. Switch to code A7700,
or transmit a distress message on one of the following frequencies: VHF frequency 121.5 MHz, HF
2 182 kHz or 8 364 kHz.
CREW OXY MASKS (Above FL 100)............................................................................................ ON
Cabin altitude will increase due to the lack of engine bleed: The EXCESS CAB ALT warning could
be triggered. Depending on the situation, to gain gliding distance, the flight crew may disregard the
ECAM emergency descent requirement, because passengers will be provided with oxygen for a
sufficient period of time.
CABIN AND COCKPIT........................................................................................................PREPARE
‐ Loose equipment secured.
‐ Survival equipments prepared.
Continued on the following page
At a suitable altitude (not below 3 000 ft AGL), configure the aircraft for landing
(CONF 3; L/G DOWN):
When in CONF 3 and VAPP:
GRAVITY GEAR EXTN handcrank.................................................... PULL AND TURN
Flight controls revert to direct law at landing gear extension. Wait for CONF 3 and
VAPP before extending the landing gear to enable the aircraft to be trimmed for
approach. Disregard “USE MAN PITCH TRIM” on the PFD, because the stabilizer is
frozen in the position where it was at, when the windmilling was insufficient to provide
hydraulic power.
When L/G downlocked:
L/G lever...............................................................................................................DOWN
APPROACH SPEED..........................................................................................ADJUST
Adjust the speed to the determined VAPP. Nevertheless, to reach the landing
field/runway, the approach speed may be adjusted up to 200 kt (max speed with slats
extended).
GND SPLR..................................................................................................................... ARM
MAX BRK PR..........................................................................................................1000 PSI
AT 2 000 FT AGL
CABIN....................................................................................................NOTIFY FOR LANDING
AT 500 FT AGL
BRACE FOR IMPACT..................................................................................................... ORDER
Continued on the following page
IF DITCHING ANTICIPATED
APPROACH
FOR LDG.................................................................................................................USE FLAP 3
Only slats extend, and slowly.
MIN APPR SPEED........................................................................................................... 150 KT
VAPP........................................................................................................................DETERMINE
VAPP is the maximum between VREF +25 kt/150 kt:
Weight (1 000 kg) 40 44 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 78
VAPP 150 150 150 150 150 155 159 163 167 171 173
At a suitable altitude (not below 3 000 ft AGL), configure the aircraft for ditching
(CONF 3; L/G UP):
L/G lever..............................................................................................................CHECK UP
AT 2 000 FT AGL
CABIN...................................................................................................NOTIFY FOR DITCHING
DITCHING pushbutton............................................................................................................ ON
Prefer ditching parallel to the swell.
If that causes a strong crosswind, ditch into the wind.
In all cases, touch down with a pitch attitude of approximately 11 °.
Minimize aircraft vertical speed.
AT 500 FT AGL
BRACE FOR IMPACT..................................................................................................... ORDER
AT TOUCHDOWN
ENG MASTERS.....................................................................................................................OFF
AFTER DITCHING
ATC (VHF 1)....................................................................................................................NOTIFY
EVACUATION................................................................................................................ INITIATE
ELT .........................................................................................................CHECK EMITTING
If not, switch on the transmitter.
ENG RELIGHT
(IN FLIGHT)
Internal engine fire may be encountered during engine start or engine shutdown.
It may be seen by the ground crew, or the EGT may fail to decrease after the MASTER switch is
turned OFF.
CAUTION External fire agents can cause severe corrosive damage and should, therefore,
only be considered after having applied the following procedure:
ENG MASTER (affected) ............................................................................................................. OFF
Note: Do not press the engine fire pushbutton, since this would cut off the FADEC power supply,
which would prevent motoring sequence.
MAN START (if manual start performed)..................................................................................... OFF
AIR BLEED PRESS ........................................................................................................ ESTABLISH
Select the APU, or opposite BLEED, to motor the engine.
If APU BLEED is not available, and the opposite engine is shut down, connect external pneumatic
power (if readily available).
BEACON ........................................................................................................................................ ON
ENG MODE SEL.................................................................................................................... CRANK
MAN START....................................................................................................................................ON
The start valve automatically reopens, when N2 is below 20 %
When burning has stopped:
MAN START ..........................................................................................................................OFF
ENG MODE SEL ............................................................................................................... NORM
Maintenance action is due.
L2 At least one FADEC engaged a takeoff thrust mode that is not in accordance with the position of
the thrust levers.
L1 Note: 1. The takeoff thrust mode is engaged when the flight crew sets the thrust levers above
the CL position.
2. The flex takeoff thrust mode is armed only if the flight crew entered a FLEX TO TEMP
on the MCDU that is above the OAT.
If the flex mode is not armed, and the flight crew sets the thrust levers below or at the
MCT/FLX position:
THR LEVERS..................................................................................................................... TO/GA
If the flex mode is armed, and the flight crew sets the thrust levers below the MCT/FLX
position:
THR LEVERS ............................................................................................................... MCT/FLX
L2 This caution is triggered when a rating discrepancy is detected between two engines.
L1
Crew awareness.
Crew awareness.
The VIB advisory on ECAM (N1 ≥ 6 units, N2 ≥ 4.3 units) is mainly a guideline to induce the crew to
monitor engine parameters more closely.
VIB detection alone does not require engine shut down.
Note: 1. High engine vibration may be accompanied by cockpit and cabin smoke and/or the
smell of burning. This may be due only to compressor blade tip contact with associated
abradable seals.
2. High N1 vibration are generally accompanied by perceivable airframe vibrations. High
N2 vibration can occur without perceivable airframe vibrations.
If no icing conditions:
ENG PARAMETERS ........................................................................................................CHECK
Check engine parameters and especially EGT; crosscheck with other engine. Report in
maintenance log.
If rapid increase above the advisor:
THRUST LEVER (affected engine).......................................................................... RETARD
Flight conditions permitting reduce N1 to maintain vibration level below advisory threshold.
Note: If the VIB indication does not decrease following thrust reduction, this may
indicate other problems on the engine. Apply appropriate procedure.
If icing conditions:
An increase of engine vibration in icing conditions with or without engine anti-ice may be due to
fan blades and/or spinner icing.
ATHR ..................................................................................................................................... OFF
ENGINE ANTI ICE............................................................................................................ CHECK
If ENG ANTI ICE is off, switch it ON at idle fan speed, one engine after the other with
approximately 30 s interval.
THRUST LEVER (one engine at a time)..................................................... INCREASE THRUST
Increase thrust to a setting compatible with the flight phase. VIB level will come back to normal
after ice shed despite a slight increase during acceleration.
Resume normal operation.
Note: If possible, shut the engine down after landing for taxiing, when vibration above the
advisory level have been experienced.
BOMB ON BOARD
CAUTION The least risk bomb location for the aircraft structure and systems is center of
the RH aft cabin door.
EOD PERSONNEL ON BOARD..........................................................................................CHECK
Announce “Is there any EOD personnel on board ?”. By using the initials, only persons familiar
with EOD (Explosive Ordnance Disposal) will be made aware of the problem.
DO NOT OPEN THE BOMB
DO NOT CUT BOMB’S WIRES
SECURE BOMB AGAINST SLIPPING
PROTECT BOMB AGAINST SHOCKS
Secure in the attitude found and do not lift before having checked for an anti-lift ignition device.
PASSENGERS.................................................................................... LEAD AWAY FROM BOMB
Move passengers at least 4 seat rows away from the bomb location. On full flights, it may be
necessary to double up passengers to achieve standoff from the suspect device.
Passengers near the bomb should protect their heads with pillows, blankets.
All passengers must remain seated with seatbelts on and, if possible, head below the top of the
head rest. Seat backs and tray tables should be in their full upright position.
Service items may need to be collected in order to secure tray tables.
PORTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICES....................................................................... SWITCH OFF
The cabin crews must command passengers to switch off all portable electronic devices.
BOMB............................................................................................CHECK NO ANTI-LIFT DEVICE
To check for an anti-lift switch or lever, slide a string or stiff card, (such as the emergency
information card) under the bomb, without disturbing the bomb.
If the string or card cannot be slipped under the bomb, it may indicate that an anti-lift switch or
lever is present and that the bomb cannot be moved.
If a card is used and can be slid under the bomb, leave it under the bomb and move together
with the bomb.
If it is not possible to move the bomb, then it should be surrounded with a single thin sheet of
plastic (e. g. trash bag), then with wetted materials, and other blast attenuation materials such as
seat cushions and soft carry-on baggage. Move personnel as far away from the bomb location as
possible.
EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT........................................................................ REMOVE AND STOW
Emergency equipment (PBE, fire extinguisher, ...) located close to the LRBL must be removed
and stowed in alternate location.
GALLEY/IFE POWER................................................................................................................OFF
Continued on the following page
PASSENGERS.................................................................................................. MOVE/ADVISE
Move passengers at least 4 seat rows away from the least risk bomb location (RH aft cabin
door). On full flights, it may be necessary to double up passengers to achieve standoff from
the suspect device.
Passengers near the bomb should protect their heads with pillows, blankets. All passengers
must remain seated with seatbelts on and, if possible, head below the top of the head rest.
Seat backs and tray tables must be in their full upright position.
Continued on the following page
CREW INCAPACITATION
If a cockpit crew member becomes incapacitated, the remaining crew member must call a cabin
attendant as soon as practicable. The best way to request assistance from the cabin crew, is by
means of the passenger address system:
"ATTENTION, PURSER TO COCKPIT PLEASE” he purser or any other cabin attendant must
proceed to the cockpit immediately.
The cabin attendant must then:
Tighten and manually lock the shoulder harness of the incapacitated crew member;
Push the seat completely aft;
Recline the seat back.
It takes 2 people to remove the dead weight of an unconscious body from a seat without
endangering any controls and switches.
If it is not possible to remove the body, one cabin attendant must remain in the cockpit to take care
of and observe the incapacitated crew member.
In coordination with the purser:
Request assistance from any medically qualified passenger.
Check if a type qualified company pilot is on board to replace the incapacitated crew member.
DITCHING
This procedure applies when engines are running. If engines are not running, Refer to
QRH/ABN-70 ENG DUAL FAILURE - FUEL REMAINING - DITCHING or Refer to QRH/ABN-70
ENG DUAL FAILURE - NO FUEL REMAINING - DITCHING, which has been amended to include
the ditching procedure when the engines are not running.
PREPARATION
ATC/TRANSPONDER...............................................................................NOTIFY/SELECT A7700
Notify ATC of the nature of emergency encountered and state intentions.
Select transponder code A7700 or transmit a distress message on: (VHF) 121.5 MHz or (HF)
2 182 kHz or 8 364 kHz.
CABIN AND COCKPIT....................................................................................................PREPARE
Notify the cabin crew of the nature of the emergency and state intentions.
Specify the available time:
‐ Loose equipment secured
‐ Survival equipment prepared
‐ Belts and shoulder harnesses locked
GPWS SYS............................................................................................................................... OFF
GPWS TERR.............................................................................................................................OFF
Pressing OFF the SYS pb and TERR pb avoids nuisance warnings.
SIGNS..........................................................................................................................................ON
EMER EXIT LT........................................................................................................................... ON
COMMERCIAL...........................................................................................................................OFF
LDG ELEV.....................................................................................................................SELECT 00
BARO......................................................................................................................................... SET
Omit normal approach and landing check list.
CREW MASKS/OXY SUPPLY (below FL100)..........................................................................OFF
APPROACH
L/G lever...................................................................................................................................... UP
SLATS and FLAPS....................................................................................................... MAX AVAIL
AT 2 000 FT AGL
CAB PRESS MODE SEL......................................................................................... CHECK AUTO
The outflow valve would remain open, if the MODE SEL pb were not at AUTO.
Continued on the following page
DITCHING (Cont'd)
BLEED (ENGs and APU)..........................................................................................................OFF
CABIN...................................................................................................... NOTIFY FOR DITCHING
DITCHING pushbutton................................................................................................................ ON
The outflow valve, emergency ram air inlet, avionics ventilation inlet and extract valves, and pack
flow control valves close.
The ditching direction mainly depends on the wind direction, and on the state of the sea.
These factors may be considered as follows:
1. Wind direction:
This may be determined by observing of the waves, which move and break downwind. Spray
from the wave tops is also a reliable indicator.
2. Wind speed:
The following guidelines can be used to evaluate wind speed:
A few white crests : 8-17 kt
Many white crests : 17-26 kt
Streaks of foam along the water : 23-35 kt
Spray from the waves : 35-43 kt
3. Sea state:
This is best determined from a height of 500 to 1 000 ft.
At a lower altitude, the swell direction may be less obvious than the wave direction, even
though the waves are much smaller.
4. When there is no swell, align into the wind. In the presence of swell, and provided that drift
does not exceed 10 °, ditch parallel to the swell and as nearly into wind as possible. If drift
exceeds 10 °, ditch into the wind. The presence of drift on touchdown is not dangerous, but
every effort should be made to minimize roll.
Touch down with approximately 11 ° of pitch, and minimum aircraft vertical speed.
AT 500 FT AGL
BRACE FOR IMPACT......................................................................................................... ORDER
AT TOUCHDOWN
ENG MASTERS........................................................................................................................ OFF
APU MASTER SW.................................................................................................................... OFF
AFTER DITCHING
ATC (VHF 1)........................................................................................................................NOTIFY
With engine and APU shut down, only VHF 1 is supplied.
Continued on the following page
DITCHING (Cont'd)
FIRE pushbutton (ENG and APU)..........................................................................................PUSH
AGENTS (ENG and APU).....................................................................................................DISCH
EVACUATION.................................................................................................................... INITIATE
ELT.................................................................................................................... CHECK EMITTING
If not, switch on the transmitter.
After impact the lowest point of the passenger exits (aft door) remains above the waterline for
more than 7 min.
EMER DESCENT
IMMEDIATE ACTIONS
CREW OXY MASKS...................................................................................................................ON
EMER DESCENT................................................................................................ ANNOUNCE(PA )
The flight crew must inform the cabin of emergency descent on the PA system.
SIGNS..........................................................................................................................................ON
EMER DESCENT...............................................................................................................INITIATE
Descend with the autopilot engaged:
‐ Turn the ALT selector knob and pull
‐ Turn the HDG selector knob and pull
‐ Adjust the target SPD/MACH.
Use of the autopilot is also permitted in EXPEDITE mode
THR LEVERS (if A/THR not engaged).................................................................................... IDLE
‐ If autothrust is engaged, check that THR IDLE is displayed on the FMA
‐ If not engaged, retard the thrust levers.
SPD BRK................................................................................................................................. FULL
Extension of the speedbrakes will significantly increase Vls.
To avoid autopilot disconnection and automatic retraction of the speedbrakes, due to possible
activation of the angle of attack protection, allow the speed to increase before starting to use the
speedbrakes.
WHEN DESCENT ESTABLISHED
EMER DESCENT FL 100 or minimum allowable altitude.
SPEED............................................................................................................MAX/APPROPRIATE
CAUTION Descend at the maximum appropriate speed. If structural damage is suspected,
use the flight controls with care and reduce speed as appropriate.
Landing gear may be extended below 25 000 ft. Speed must be reduced to VLO/VLE.
ENG MODE SEL........................................................................................................................IGN
ATC......................................................................................................................................NOTIFY
Notify ATC of the nature of the emergency, and state intention. if not in contact with ATC,
transmit a distress message on one of the following frequencies: (VHF) 121.5 MHz , or (HF)
2 182 kHz , or 8 364 kHz.
ATC XPDR 7700........................................................................................................... CONSIDER
Continued on the following page
EMERGENCY EVACUATION
Apply this procedure when considering an emergency evacuation, or when required by the ECAM.
Carefully analyze the situation before deciding to evacuate passengers. However do not waste
valuable time.
AIRCRAFT/PARKING BRK.................................................................................................. STOP/ON
ATC (VHF1).............................................................................................................................NOTIFY
Notify ATC of the nature of the emergency, and state intentions.
Only VHF 1 is available on batteries.
CABIN CREW (PA)...................................................................................................................ALERT
Make a short and precise announcement to warn that an emergency evacuation may be required.
ΔP (only if MAN CAB PR has been used)................................................................... CHECK ZERO
If ΔP is not at zero, MODE selector on MAN and V/S CTL FULL UP, to fully open the outflow valve.
ENG MASTER (ALL).....................................................................................................................OFF
Associated LP and HP valves close.
FIRE Pushbuttons (ALL: ENG and APU)...................................................................................PUSH
AGENTS (ENG and APU)................................................................................................... AS RQRD
Engine Agent 2 is not available.
The use of agents is required if the ENG FIRE or APU FIRE is displayed.
If Evacuation required:
EVACUATION................................................................................................................. INITIATE
Notify the cabin crew about the emergency encountered and the intentions.
Press the EVAC COMMAND pb.
If Evacuation not required:
CABIN CREW and PASSENGERS (PA)..........................................................................NOTIFY
FORCED LANDING
This procedure applies when engines are running. If engines are not running, Refer to
QRH/ABN-70 ENG DUAL FAILURE - FUEL REMAINING - FORCED LANDING or Refer to
QRH/ABN-70 ENG DUAL FAILURE - NO FUEL REMAINING - FORCED LANDING, which has
been amended to include the forced landing procedure when the engines are not running.
PREPARATION
ATC/TRANSPONDER...............................................................................NOTIFY/SELECT A7700
Notify ATC of the nature of emergency encountered and state intentions.
Select transponder code A7700, or transmit a distress message on: (VHF) 121.5 MHz or (HF)
2 182 kHz or 8 364 kHz.
CABIN and COCKPIT..................................................................................................... PREPARE
Notify the cabin crew of the nature of the emergency and state intentions.
Specify the available time:
‐ Loose equipment secured.
‐ Survival equipment prepared.
‐ Belts and shoulder harnesses locked.
GPWS SYS............................................................................................................................... OFF
GPWS TERR.............................................................................................................................OFF
Switching the SYS pb and TERR pb OFF avoids nuisance warnings.
SIGNS..........................................................................................................................................ON
EMER EXIT LT........................................................................................................................... ON
COMMERCIAL...........................................................................................................................OFF
LDG ELEV................................................................................................................................. SET
If not known, select an approximate value.
BARO......................................................................................................................................... SET
Omit normal approach and landing checklist.
CREW MASKS/OXY SUPPLY (below FL100)..........................................................................OFF
APPROACH
RAM AIR..................................................................................................................................... ON
Switch ON the RAM AIR to ensure complete cabin depressurization on ground.
L/G lever................................................................................................................................DOWN
SLATS and FLAPS....................................................................................................... MAX AVAIL
GND SPLR............................................................................................................................... ARM
Continued on the following page
OVERWEIGHT LANDING
TAILSTRIKE
WINDSHEAR
A red flag “WINDSHEAR” is displayed on each PFD associated with an aural synthetic voice
“WINDSHEAR” repeated three times.
If windshear is detected either by the system or by pilot observation, apply the following recovery
technique:
At Takeoff:
If before V1:
The takeoff should be rejected only if significant airspeed variations occur below indicated
V1 and the pilot decides that there is sufficient runway remaining to stop the airplane.
If after V1:
THR LEVERS...............................................................................................................TOGA
REACHING VR........................................................................................................ROTATE
SRS ORDERS........................................................................................................ FOLLOW
If necessary the flight crew may pull the sidestick fully back.
Note: If the FD bars are not displayed, move toward an initial pitch attitude of 17.5 °.
Then, if necessary, to prevent a loss in altitude, increase the pitch attitude.
WINDSHEAR AHEAD
The “W/S AHEAD” message is displayed on each PFD. The color of the message depends on the
severity and location of the windshear
Note: When a predictive windshear alert (“WINDSHEAR AHEAD” or "GO AROUND
WINDSHEAR AHEAD") is triggered, if the flight crew makes a positive verification that no
hazard exists, then the alert may be disregarded, as long as:
‐ There are no other signs of possible windshear conditions, and
‐ The reactive windshear system is operational.
Known cases of spurious predictive windshear alerts have been reported at some airports,
during either takeoff or landing, due to the specific obstacle environment.
However, always rely on any reactive windshear (“WINDSHEAR”).
W/S AHEAD RED
Takeoff
Associated with an aural synthetic voice “WINDSHEAR AHEAD, WINDSHEAR AHEAD”.
Before takeoff:
Delay takeoff, or select the most favorable runway.
During the takeoff run:
Reject takeoff.
Note: Predictive windshear alerts are inhibited above 100 kt until 50 ft.
When airborne:
THR LEVERS...........................................................................................................TOGA
As usual, the slat/flap configuration can be changed, provided the windshear is not
entered.
AP (if engaged)..................................................................................................KEEP ON
SRS ORDERS.................................................................................................... FOLLOW
If necessary the flight crew may pull the sidestick fully back.
Note: 1. Autopilot disengages if the angle of attack value goes above α prot.
2. If the FD bars are not displayed, move toward an initial pitch attitude of
17.5 °. Then, if necessary, to prevent a loss in altitude, increase the pitch
attitude.
Continued on the following page
GENERAL
A successful outcome for an emergency situation depends, first of all, upon each crew member’s
perfect knowledge and execution of the duties assigned to him.
The captain should check frequently that all crew members know exactly their assigned positions and
their specific duties, as well as the duties of the other crew members, in case of an abnormal or an
emergency condition.
Since it is not possible to cover all the situations that may occur, the captain will be responsible
for adapting the following instructions to obtain the best coordination of the emergency operation.
Should it be physically impossible for the captain to carry out his duties, another crew member will
substitute for him according to the chain of command. The procedures in this manual are AIRBUS
procedures and should be considered to be a reference.
‐ Is the last person to leave the cockpit: Proceeds to the cabin, and helps with passenger evacuation, as
necessary
CAPT ‐ Is the last person to leave the aircraft: Checks that all persons have evacuated the aircraft
‐ Evacuates the aircraft, via the rear door, or any other available exit, if he/she cannot reach the rear door.
‐ On ground, he/she takes command of operations until rescue units arrive.
Note: These procedures are established for the minimum required number of 4 cabin crews.
COMMUNICATIONS
1. EMERGENCY CALL
FROM TO COMMUNICATION METHOD(S) REMARKS
COCKPIT CABIN
‐ Press EMER pb-sw on the CALLS panel,
or
‐ Passenger Address (PA) System:
"PURSER TO COCKPIT PLEASE!"
Purser must immediately go to the cockpit.
CABIN COCKPIT
‐ Interphone: "PRIO CAPT"
Any cabin crewmember can make such a
call. The cockpit crew must reply.
2. EMERGENCY ALERT
FROM TO COMMUNICATION METHOD(S) REMARKS
COCKPIT CABIN
‐ PA System: "ATTENTION CREW! AT
The cockpit crew makes a short and precise
announcement to warn that an emergency
STATIONS!"
evacuation may soon be required.
Cabin crews must proceed to their
emergency stations, and fasten their
seatbelts.
3. NOTIFICATION TO PASSENGERS
FROM TO COMMUNICATION METHOD(S) REMARKS
COCKPIT CABIN
‐ SIGNS ON
For psychological reasons, the cockpit crew
should be the first to inform of an intended
‐ PA System
emergency landing.
PURSER CABIN
‐ CABIN LIGHTS 100 % Purser informs passengers that they have to
‐ PA System pay special attention to these warnings:
‐ “FINISH PREPARATION”
‐ “BRACE FOR IMPACT”
‐ “PASSENGERS EVACUATE”
4. FINISH PREPARATION
FROM TO COMMUNICATION METHOD(S) REMARKS
COCKPIT CABIN
‐ Passenger Address (PA) System: "FINISH
The cockpit crew gives this order a short time
before an emergency landing.
PREPARATION"
ON GROUND EVACUATION
ESCAPE ROPE....................................................................................................................UNROLL
Unroll the escape rope until the red flag appears, and throw it through the window.
SEAT................................................................................................................................... STEP ON
ESCAPE ROPE......................................................................................................................GRASP
Grasp the escape rope firmly with both hands, and slide down along the rope.
EVACUATION ON WATER
PROCEDURES
NORMAL PROCEDURES
Intentionally left blank
PROCEDURES
NORMAL PROCEDURES
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
PRO-NOR-SOP-10 Taxi
Taxi...........................................................................................................................................................................A
Visual Ground Geometry......................................................................................................................................... B
180 Deg Turn on Runway.......................................................................................................................................C
PRO-NOR-SOP-12 Takeoff
Takeoff..................................................................................................................................................................... A
PRO-NOR-SOP-14 Climb
Climb........................................................................................................................................................................ A
PRO-NOR-SOP-15 Cruise
Cruise....................................................................................................................................................................... A
PRO-NOR-SOP-18 Approach
PRO-NOR-SOP-18-A Approach General
Introduction...............................................................................................................................................................A
Cross-Reference Table............................................................................................................................................B
Flying Reference......................................................................................................................................................C
Stabilization Criteria.................................................................................................................................................D
Approach Speed Technique.................................................................................................................................... E
Discontinued Approach............................................................................................................................................ F
PRO-NOR-SOP-19 Landing
ILS Final Approach and Landing Geometry............................................................................................................A
Minimum Visual Ground Segments (Flare Phase)..................................................................................................B
Ground Clearance Diagram.................................................................................................................................... C
Landing.................................................................................................................................................................... D
PRO-NOR-SOP-20 Go-Around
Go Around with FD..................................................................................................................................................A
PRO-NOR-SOP-22 Parking
Parking..................................................................................................................................................................... A
Continued on the following page
PRO-NOR-SRP-01-20 Taxi
FCU Selection for Takeoff.......................................................................................................................................A
FMA Mode Check....................................................................................................................................................B
Selecting a Navigation Display................................................................................................................................C
Selecting Takeoff Displays for Pilot's and Copilot's MCDU.................................................................................... D
Continued on the following page
PRO-NOR-SRP-01-40 Climb
Monitoring the Climb Phase.................................................................................................................................... A
Immediate Return to Origin Airport......................................................................................................................... B
PRO-NOR-SRP-01-50 Cruise
Reaching Cruise Flight Level.................................................................................................................................. A
Monitoring the Navigation Accuracy........................................................................................................................B
Monitoring the Fuel Predictions...............................................................................................................................C
Entering a Step Climb or a Step Descent.............................................................................................................. D
Immediate Change of Level in Cruise.....................................................................................................................E
Preparation for Descent and Approach................................................................................................................... F
PRO-NOR-SRP-01-60 Descent
DESCENT INITIATION............................................................................................................................................ A
Descent Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. B
Expedite Descent (If installed)................................................................................................................................ C
Monitoring the Navigation in the Terminal Control Area.........................................................................................D
Too Steep Path........................................................................................................................................................E
Holding Pattern........................................................................................................................................................ F
MANUAL TERMINATION........................................................................................................................................G
PRO-NOR-SRP-01-70 Approach
Initial Approach........................................................................................................................................................ A
ILS/MLS/GLS/FLS Approach................................................................................................................................... B
Switching from Non ILS to ILS Approach............................................................................................................... C
Task Sharing During CAT I, CAT II and CAT III Approach and Landing................................................................D
Task Sharing for CAT I Approach (or better)..........................................................................................................E
Task Sharing for CAT II Approach..........................................................................................................................F
Task Sharing for CAT III Approach with DH.......................................................................................................... G
Task Sharing for CAT III Approach/Landing without DH........................................................................................ H
Landing Categories................................................................................................................................................... I
Continued on the following page
PRO-NOR-SRP-01-80 Go-Around
MONITORING THE GO-AROUND..........................................................................................................................A
Go-Around Profile.................................................................................................................................................... B
Missed Approach: Try Again...................................................................................................................................C
Missed Approach: Divert......................................................................................................................................... D
Task Sharing During a Go-Around..........................................................................................................................E
FOREWORD
The procedures contained in this Chapter are recommended by Airbus, and are consistent with the
other Chapters of this manual.
The Authorities do not certificate Standard Operating Procedures. The manufacturer presents them
herein as the best way to proceed, from a technical and operational standpoint. They are continually
updated and the revisions take into account Operator input, as well as manufacturer experience.
In addition, Operators may amend them, as needed. However, the manufacturer recommends that
Operators using the FCOM as onboard operational manual submit suggested changes to expedite
publication, and maintain consistency of the manual. The Operator should note that they may rewrite
this Chapter, at their own responsibility; this could, however, make it difficult to update the manual
and keep it consistent with the other Chapters.
The following sections contain expanded information on normal procedures.
Standard Operating Procedures consist of inspections, preparations, and normal procedures. All
items of a given procedure are listed in a sequence that follows a standardized scan of the cockpit
panels, unless that sequence goes against the action priority logic, to ensure that all actions are
performed in the most efficient way.
Standard Operating Procedures are divided into flight phases, and are performed by memory.
These procedures assume that all systems are operating normally, and that all automatic functions
are used normally.
Some normal procedures, that are non-routine will be found in the SUPPLEMENTARY
TECHNIQUES (Refer to PRO-SUP-10 General), and in the SPECIAL OPERATIONS (Refer to
PRO-SPO-20 General).
The crew will verify the technical state of the aircraft (deferred defect list), with regard to
airworthiness, acceptability of malfunctions (MEL), and influence on the flight plan.
WEATHER BRIEFING
NOTAMS
‐ The flight crew must examine NOTAMs for changes to routings, unserviceable navaids, availability
of runways and approach aids etc, all of which may affect the final fuel requirement
‐ In order to prevent the risks of projection of debris towards the trimmable horizontal stabilizer
and the elevators, it is not recommended to takeoff from runways in bad condition (loose surface,
under repair, covered with debris...)
‐ The crew will check the company flight plan for routing, altitudes, and flight time
‐ The Captain will check the ATC flight plan and ensure that:
• It is filled in and filed, in accordance with the prescribed procedures
• It agrees with the fuel flight plan routing.
‐ The crew will check the estimated load figures, and will calculate the maximum allowable takeoff
and landing weights.
The flight crew should choose a flight level that is as close to the optimum as possible. To obtain
the optimum flight level, use the chart in the QRH or in the FCOM (Refer to PER-FPL-FLP-ALT-10
DEFINITIONS).
As a general rule, an altitude that is 4 000 ft below the optimum produces a significant penalty
(approximately 5 % of fuel). Flight 8 000 ft below the optimum altitude produces a penalty of more
than 10 % against trip fuel. (The usual contingency allowance is 5 %).
FUEL REQUIREMENTS
Remember that carrying unnecessary extra fuel increases the fuel consumption for that sector and
therefore reduces the economy of the operation (lower flex temperature, more tire and brake wear,
more time in climb phase, lower optimum flight level etc).
Items marked by (*) are the only steps to be completed during a transit stop.
This inspection ensures that the aircraft and its surroundings are safe for operations.
On arriving at the aircraft, check for obstructions in the vicinity, engineering activity, refueling, etc.
GENERAL
Items marked by asterisks (*) are the only steps to be completed during a transit stop.
The following procedure, performed by the PNF, ensures that all the required checks are performed
before applying electrical power to avoid inadvertent operation of systems and danger to the aircraft
and personnel.
Included is APU starting and the establishment of electrical and pneumatic power.
AIRCRAFT POWER UP
ENG
ENG MASTERS 1, 2................................................................................................................... OFF
ENG MODE selector................................................................................................................NORM
*WEATHER RADAR
* Power supply sw .................................................................................................................... OFF
* WINDSHEAR sw ..............................................................................................................OFF
* GAIN knob ................................................................................................................... AUTO/CAL
* MODE selector ..............................................................................................................AS RQRD
L/G
L/G lever.................................................................................................................................. DOWN
WIPERS
Both WIPER selectors................................................................................................................. OFF
ELEC
If the aircraft has not been electrically supplied for 6 h or more, perform the following
check:
BAT 1 pb and BAT 2 pb......................................................................................... CHECK OFF
BAT 1 and 2 VOLTAGE......................................................................... CHECK ABOVE 25.5 V
Battery voltage above 25.5 V ensures a charge above 50 %.
If battery voltage is below 25.5 V:
A charging cycle of about 20 min is required.
BAT 1 pb and BAT 2 pb..............................................................................................AUTO
HYD
WARNING Do not pressurize hydraulic systems without clearance from ground crew.
APU FIRE
APU FIRE pb-sw...................................................................................................IN and GUARDED
AGENT lights ............................................................................................................................. OUT
If the APU is already running, ensure that the following check has already been completed. If not,
perform it.
APU FIRE TEST pb................................................................................................................PRESS
Check :
‐ APU FIRE warning on ECAM + CRC + MASTER WARN light (if AC Power available).
‐ APU FIRE pb-sw lighted red.
‐ SQUIB light and DISCH light on
APU START
If EXT PWR pb-sw ON light is on:
APU MASTER SW pb-sw.......................................................................................................ON
APU START pb-sw................................................................................................................. ON
For more information on the APU start, Refer to APU Controls and indicators/Overhead panel.
EXT PWR pb-sw..........................................................................................................AS RQRD
The flight crew should keep ON the external power units to reduce the APU load, particularly
in hot weather conditions.
If EXT PWR pb-sw ON light is out:
APU MASTER SW pb-sw.......................................................................................................ON
APU START pb-sw................................................................................................................. ON
For more information on the APU start, Refer to APU Controls and indicators/Overhead panel.
AIR COND
AIR COND
APU BLEED pb-sw........................................................................................................................ON
Do not use APU BLEED, if ground personnel confirms that ground air unit is connected. Pilots
should also check the BLEED SD page to determine whether an HP ground air unit is connected
(pressure in the bleed system).
ALL WHITE LIGHTS....................................................................................................................OFF
X BLEED selector..................................................................................................................... AUTO
Zone temperature selectors............................................................................................... AS RQRD
Full range temperature 24 ± 6 °C (75 ± 11 °F).
CARGO HEAT
CARGO HEAT
TEMPERATURE selector ................................................................................................. AS RQRD
COCKPIT LIGHTS
COCKPIT LIGHTS
* COCKPIT LIGHTS..........................................................................................................AS RQRD
Set INT LT, FLOOD LT, INTEG LT (included glareshield and FCU).
ECAM
* ECAM
* RCL pb......................................................................................................................... PRESS 3 s
This action recalls all the warnings that the flight crew cleared or cancelled during the last flight.
* Check MEL if required.
On the DOOR SD page:
* OXY.........................................................................................................CHECK PRESSURE
If the OXY pressure is half boxed in amber:
MIN FLT CREW OXY CHART............................................................. CHECK PRESSURE
Verify that the pressure is sufficient for the scheduled flight (Refer to LIM-35 Cockpit Fixed
Oxygen System).
On the HYD SD page:
* RESERVOIR FLUID LEVEL................................................CHECK WITH NORMAL RANGE
On the ENG SD page:
* ENG OIL QUANTITY.................................................................................. CHECK NORMAL
Check that the oil quantity is at or above 9.5 qt + estimated consumption (average estimated
consumption ~ 0.5 qt/h).
BEFORE WALKAROUND
F/CTL
FLAPS.................................................................................................................. CHECK POSITION
Check the upper ECAM display to confirm that the FLAPS position agrees with the handle
position.
* SPEEDBRAKE lever........................................................ CHECK RETRACTED and DISARMED
WARNING If flight control surface positions do not agree with the control handle positions,
check with the maintenance crew before applying hydraulic power.
* PARKING BRAKE
* PARKING BRAKE handle......................................................................................................... ON
* BRAKE and ACCU PRESS indicator.................................................................................CHECK
‐ Check for normal indications.
‐ The ACCU PRESS indication must be in the green band. If required use the electric pump on
yellow hydraulic system to recharge the brake accumulator.
WARNING Yellow and green hydraulic systems are pressurized from yellow electric pump.
Get ground crew clearance before using the electric pump.
ELEC
Scan and check that there are no amber lights, except GEN FAULT lights.
EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT
EMER EQPT.......................................................................................................................... CHECK
Check the emergency equipments as follows:
‐ Life jackets stowed
‐ Axe stowed
‐ Smoke hoods or portable oxygen equipment and full face masks stowed and
serviceable
‐ Portable fire extinguisher lockwired and pressure in the green area
‐ Smoke goggles stowed (smoke hoods )
‐ Oxygen masks stowed
‐ Flashlights stowed
‐ Escape ropes stowed
RAIN REPELLENT
RAIN RPLNT indicators.......................................................... CHECK PRESSURE and QUANTITY
CAUTION Never use rain repellent to wash the windshield and never use it on a dry
windshield.
GENERAL
The exterior walkaround ensures that the overall condition of the aircraft and its visible components
and equipment are safe for the flight.
Complete inspection is normally performed by maintenance personnel or in the absence of
maintenance personnel by a flight crew member before each originating flight.
Items marked by asteriks (*) must be performed again by a flight crew member before each flight.
The parking brake must be ON during the exterior inspection to allow the flight crew to check brake
wear indicators.
‐ Check structure for impact damage
‐ Check that there is no evident fuel, oil or hydraulic leaks.
WARNING If a landing gear door is open, contact the maintenance crew before applying
hydraulic power.
EXTERIOR WALKAROUND
SCHEMATIC
LH FWD FUSELAGE
* AOA probes................................................................................................................ CONDITION
F/O and CAPT static ports..................................................................................................... CLEAR
Avionics equipment vent air inlet valve.......................................................................... CONDITION
NOSE SECTION
* Pitot probes.................................................................................................................CONDITION
STBY static ports.................................................................................................................... CLEAR
* TAT probes................................................................................................................. CONDITION
* Radome and latches................................................................................. CONDITION/LATCHED
Forward avionics compartment door....................................................................................CLOSED
Ground electrical power door (if not required.)....................................................................CLOSED
NOSE L/G
* Nose wheel chocks........................................................................................................ IN PLACE
* Wheels and tires......................................................................................................... CONDITION
Nose gear structure........................................................................................................ CONDITION
Taxi, TO, turn-off lights...................................................................................................CONDITION
Hydraulic lines and electrical wires................................................................................ CONDITION
Wheel well.............................................................................................................................. CHECK
Safety pin.......................................................................................................................... REMOVED
RH FWD FUSELAGE
RH + AFT avionic compartment doors................................................................................ CLOSED
Avionic equipment vent air outlet valve..........................................................................CONDITION
F/O-CAPT static ports.............................................................................................................CLEAR
* AOA probe.................................................................................................................. CONDITION
Forward cargo door and selector panel.................................................................................CHECK
RH CENTER WING
Yellow hydraulic bay door....................................................................................................CLOSED
Fuel panel.............................................................................................................................CLOSED
Inner tank magnetic fuel......................................................................................................... FLUSH
Fuel water drain valve inner tank....................................................................................... NO LEAK
Landing light....................................................................................................................CONDITION
* Slat 1...........................................................................................................................CONDITION
ENG 2 LH SIDE
Oil fill access door (CFM and IAE only).............................................................................. CLOSED
Master magnetic chip detector access door (IAE only)....................................................... CLOSED
* Thrust Recovery Nozzle (PW only)................................................................ CLOSED/LATCHED
Hydraulic filter visual access door (PW only)...................................................................... CLOSED
* Fan cowl doors............................................................................................... CLOSED/LATCHED
* Drain mast..................................................................................................CONDITION/NO LEAK
* Engine inlet and fan blades............................................................................................... CHECK
ENG 2 RH SIDE
Vent inlet (CFM only)..............................................................................................................CLEAR
Pressure-relief/Start valve handle access door (CFM and IAE only)...................................CLOSED
Nose cowl pressure relief door (PW only)........................................................................... CLOSED
Engine oil fill access/starter air valve override access door (PW only)................................CLOSED
Master chip detector access door (PW only).......................................................................CLOSED
IDG servicing access door (PW only)..................................................................................CLOSED
* Fan cowl doors............................................................................................... CLOSED/LATCHED
Turbine exhaust ..................................................................................................................... CLEAR
Pylon/access panel......................................................................................... CONDITION/CLOSED
RH AFT FUSELAGE
Cargo door and selector panel.............................................................................................. CHECK
Bulk door ........................................................................................................................ CHECK
* Toilet service access door............................................................................................... CLOSED
Outflow valve.................................................................................................................. CONDITION
Drain mast ..................................................................................................................... CONDITION
Flight recorder access door ................................................................................................ CLOSED
TAIL
* Stabilizer, elevator, fin, and rudder.............................................................................CONDITION
Static dischargers................................................................................................................... CHECK
* Lower fuselage structure (tail impact on runway).......................................................CONDITION
APU
Access doors........................................................................................................................CLOSED
Air intake......................................................................................................................... CONDITION
Drain...............................................................................................................CONDITION/NO LEAK
LH AFT FUSELAGE
* Stabilizer, elevator, fin, and rudder.............................................................................CONDITION
* Potable water service door.............................................................................................. CLOSED
Ground hydraulic connection blue door............................................................................... CLOSED
Ground hydraulic connection green and reservoir filling door............................................. CLOSED
LH LANDING GEAR
* Chocks.......................................................................................................................... REMOVED
* Wheels and tires......................................................................................................... CONDITION
Brakes and brake wear indicator....................................................................................CONDITION
Torque link damper .................................................................................................CONDITION
Hydraulic lines........................................................................................................................ CHECK
Landing gear structure........................................................................................................... CHECK
Downlock springs................................................................................................................... CHECK
Safety pin.......................................................................................................................... REMOVED
ENG 1 LH SIDE
Oil fill access door (CFM and IAE only).............................................................................. CLOSED
ENG 1 RH SIDE
Vent inlet (CFM only)..............................................................................................................CLEAR
Pressure relief/Start valve handle access door (CFM and IAE only)...................................CLOSED
Nose cowl pressure relief door (PW only)........................................................................... CLOSED
Engine oil fill access/starter air valve override access door (PW only)................................CLOSED
Master chip detector access door (PW only).......................................................................CLOSED
IDG servicing access door (PW only)..................................................................................CLOSED
* Fan cowl doors............................................................................................... CLOSED/LATCHED
Turbine exhaust...................................................................................................................... CLEAR
Pylon/access panel......................................................................................... CONDITION/CLOSED
LH CENTER WING
* Slat 1...........................................................................................................................CONDITION
Wing leading edge ventilation intake .............................................................................. CLEAR
Fuel water drain valves.......................................................................................................NO LEAK
Inner tank magnetic fuel......................................................................................................... FLUSH
Landing lights..................................................................................................................CONDITION
Hydraulic reservoir pressurization door............................................................................... CLOSED
RAT doors............................................................................................................................ CLOSED
INTRODUCTION
Items marked by (*) are the only steps to be completed during a transit stop.
The PF and PNF should perform the cockpit preparation according to the panel scan sequence
defined below (Refer to Panel Scan Sequence), and the task sharing defined in the QRH (Refer to
QRH/Task Sharing for Abnormal/Emergency Procedures).
DOCUMENTATION AND MAINTENANCE
On entering the aircraft, obtain the technical (maintenance) log and verify that the certificate of
maintenance and daily inspection (or similar) are up to date and signed. Check the deferred or
carried-forward defects. If refueling has already been completed, check the uplift.
OVERHEAD PANEL
RCDR
* RCDR GND CTL....................................................................................................................... ON
In order to perform the test, ensure that the PARK BRK is on.
LOUDSPEAKER VOLUME knob....................................................................... OFF (BOTH SIDES)
ACP INT/RAD sw (CAPT and F/O)..................................................................................SET to INT
INTERPHONE VOLUME RECEPTION KNOB (CAPT and F/O)....................................... RELEASE
Turn down the volume to the minimum.
CVR TEST pb..............................................................................................PRESS AND MAINTAIN
The CVR test is successful when an audio test signal is heard through the loudspeakers and the
CVR TEST pb is pressed and maintained.
Depending on the CVR model, the audio test signal is:
‐ For CVR 30 minutes:
‐ A continuous tone, or
‐ A short tone.
‐ For CVR 120 minutes:
‐ A short tone, or
‐ A short tone and a beep every 4 s, or
‐ Two short tones and a beep every 4 s.
The audio test signal stops when the CVR TEST pb is released.
Note: ‐ The flight crew may also hear an acoustic feedback (i.e. Larsen effect) during the test.
The test is still valid even if this acoustic feedback (i.e. Larsen effect) is heard.
‐ If the flight crew cannot hear the audio test signal through the loudspeakers, and if the
CVR maintenance headset (22RK headset) is available, the flight crew can perform
the CVR TEST through the CVR maintenance headset.
EVAC
CAPT & PURS/CAPT sw ..................................................................................................AS RQRD
Usual position is CAPT.
*ADIRS
All IR MODE selector.................................................................................................................. NAV
Align or realign IRS as appropriate. Refer to PRO-SUP-34 IRS Alignment Conditions.
EXT LT
STROBE sw.............................................................................................................................. AUTO
BEACON sw................................................................................................................................ OFF
REMAINING EXTERIOR LIGHTS......................................................................................AS RQRD
*SIGNS
* SIGNS sw....................................................................................................................... ON/AUTO
* EMER EXIT LT selector......................................................................................................... ARM
Note: If the CIDS has been programmed (option) for a non-smoking flight, NO SMOKING or
NO PORTABLE/ELEC DEVICE signs are permanently on, with the EXIT sw or NO
SMOKING sw or NO PORTABLE/ELEC DEVICE sw at AUTO.
PROBE/WINDOW HEAT
PROBE/WINDOW HEAT pb....................................................................................... CHECK AUTO
CABIN PRESS
LDG ELEV knob....................................................................................................................... AUTO
*AIR COND
* PACK FLOW selector.................................................................................................... AS RQRD
Select:
LO : If the number of passengers is below 115.
HI : For abnormally hot and humid conditions.
NORM : For all other normal operating cases.
If the APU is supplying, pack controllers select HI flow automatically, independent of the selector
position.
ELEC
ELEC pb (on the ECAM Control Panel).................................................................................PRESS
BAT 1 pb-sw and BAT 2 pb-sw....................................................................................OFF then ON
This action initiates a charging cycle of the batteries.
10 s after setting all BAT pb-sw ON, check on the ELEC SD page that the current charge of the
battery is below 60 A, and is decreasing.
*FUEL
If the center tank is less than 220 kg (440 lb) for the flight:
Apply the following procedure, if your airline is affected by FUEL CTR TK PUMPS LO PR
cautions on ground or in flight when the center tank is less than 220 kg (440 lb):
FUEL MODE SEL pb-sw......................................................................................................MAN
CTR TK PUMP 1 pb-sw and CTR TK PUMP 2 pb-sw......................................................... OFF
If the center tank is NOT less than 220 kg (440 lb) for the flight:
CAUTION If the FUEL MODE SEL pb is unduly left in the MAN position on ground, when
the CTR TK PUMP 1 pb & CTR TK PUMP 2 pb are not in the OFF position:
There is a possibility of fuel spillage, if there are any hidden failures.
FUEL MODE SEL pb........................................................................................... CHECK AUTO
VENT
Check all lights off.
MAINTENANCE PANEL
ALL LIGHTS...................................................................................................................CHECK OFF
*CLOCK
CLOCK.......................................................................................................................... CHECK/SET
For more information on the setting of the clock, Refer to DSC-31-55-10 GENERAL.
NOSEWHEEL STEERING
* A/SKID & N/W STRG sw.......................................................................................................... ON
PEDESTAL
ACP
INT knob ..................................................................................... PRESS OUT / VOLUME CHECK
Make sure that INT volume is turned up to permit contact with the ground crew.
VHF ....................................................................................................................................... CHECK
Check transmission and reception.
HF (if required for flight).........................................................................................................CHECK
‐ Check transmission and reception.
‐ Do not transmit on HF during refueling.
COCKPIT DOOR
If required by local Airworthiness Authorities:
SWITCHING PANEL
All selectors................................................................................................................CHECK NORM
*ENG
* THRUST lever ....................................................................................................................... IDLE
* ENG MASTER sw .................................................................................................................. OFF
* ENG MODE selector............................................................................................................NORM
*PARKING BRK
* PARK BRK handle..................................................................................................... CHECK ON
* BRAKE PRESS indicator................................................................................................... CHECK
Check for normal indication on the ACCU and BRAKES PRESS indicator.
If brakes are hot and chocks are in place:
PARK BRK handle ...............................................................................................................OFF
This action increases the brake cooling.
ATC
* ATC........................................................................................................... SET FOR OPERATION
Perform the appropriate ATC selection to allow the ATC transponder to operate in mode S (Refer
to DSC-34-50-10 Description), TCAS is on standby. To prevent possible interference to radar
surveillance systems, TCAS should not be selected before the holding point/lining up.
ALT RPTG..................................................................................................................................... ON
ATC SYS 1........................................................................................................................... SELECT
For RVSM operations (Refer to PRO-SPO-50 General), select SYS 1 if AP 1 is used, and SYS 2 if
AP 2 is used.
Only system 1 is available, in emergency electrical configuration.
RMP
RMP................................................................................................................................................... ON
Green NAV light.................................................................................................................CHECK OFF
SEL light.............................................................................................................................CHECK OFF
COM FREQUENCIES................................................................................................................... TUNE
Use VHF 1 for ATC (only VHF 1 is available in emergency electrical configuration), VHF 2 for ATIS
and company frequencies. VHF 3 is normally devoted to ACARS.
AIRFIELD DATA
ACARS
* Initialize ACARS at that point or after FMGS INITIALIZATION, as per company policy.
FMGS PREPARATION
At electrical power-up, the FMGSs and FCU run through various internal tests. Allow enough time
(3 min) for tests’ completion, and do not start to press pushbuttons until the tests are over. If the
“PLEASE WAIT” message appears, do not press any MCDU key until the message clears.
If the CHECK DATA CYCLE message triggers, the active database is no longer valid. Therefore,
on Day 28 of AIRAC Cycle #1, select AIRAC Cycle#2 prior to the first flight of the day.
* RADIO NAV............................................................................................................................CHECK
‐ Check the VOR, ILS and ADF tuned by the FMGC.
‐ Modify them if required, and check that the correct identifier is displayed on the ND and PFD (ILS).
If unsatisfactory, go through the audio check.
Similarly the pilot may select a CRZ MACH number on the PERF CRZ page (constant CRZ Mach
segment, for example). When the CRZ phase is active, the preselected CRZ MACH number will
be displayed in the FCU speed window and on the PFD. When ECON MACH number may be
resumed, the crew presses the FCU SPD selector.
In either of the above cases, the pilot may cancel the CLB or CRZ preselected SPD/MACH prior to
activating the related phase, by selecting ECON on the PERF CLB or CRZ pages.
SPD LIM is defaulted to 250 kt below 10 000 ft in the managed speed profile. This may be either
cleared or modified on the VERT REV page at the origin (or a climb waypoint).
GLARESHIELD
*FCU
* SPD MACH window......................................................................................................... DASHED
* HDG V/S -TRK FPA pb................................................................................................... HDG V/S
* ALT window..................................................................... INITIAL EXPECTED CLEARANCE ALT
LATERAL CONSOLES
INT/RAD sw...................................................................................................................................INT
On the mask stowage box:
‐ Press and hold the reset/test button in the direction of the arrow.
• Check that the blinker turns yellow for a short time, and then goes black.
‐ Hold the reset/test button down, and press the emergency pressure selector.
• Check that the blinker turns yellow and remains yellow, as long as the emergency pressure
selector is pressed.
• Listen for oxygen flow through the loudspeakers. Warn any engineer, whose headset may be
connected to the nose intercom, that a loud noise may be heard when performing this check.
‐ Check that the reset/test button returns to the up position and the N 100 % selector is in the
100 % position.
‐ Press the emergency pressure selector again, and check that the blinker does not turn yellow.
This ensures that the mask is not supplied.
On the ECAM DOOR/OXY page:
REGUL LO PR message...............................................................................................CHECK OFF
The crew must perform this check after having checked all masks. It ensures that the LP valve is
open, (due to residual pressure between the LP valve and the oxygen masks, an LP valve failed in
the closed position may not be detected during the oxygen mask test).
INSTRUMENT PANELS
* ND...........................................................................................................................................CHECK
‐ Check for correct display.
‐ Crosscheck compass indication on the ND and DDRMI.
‐ Check ground speed less than 5 kt, heading, initial waypoint, VOR ADF indications.
ADIRS
* IRS ALIGN..............................................................................................................................CHECK
On the POSITION MONITOR page, check that the IRS are in NAV mode, and check that the
distance between each IRS and the FMS position is lower than 5 nm. Select ND in ROSE-NAV or
ARC mode, and confirm that the aircraft position is consistent with the position of the airport, the SID
and the surrounding NAVAIDs.
TAKEOFF BRIEFING
* TAKEOFF BRIEFING........................................................................................................PERFORM
PC DEDICATED TO MAINTENANCE
Check that the Personal Computer (PC) dedicated to maintenance use and located in front of lower
stowage at RH rear corner is stowed.
Check that the light of its manual switch is off. If not, switch it off.
Check that its associated printer located in front of RH rear of the cockpit is stowed.
LOADSHEET
LOADSHEET.......................................................................................................................... CHECK
Both crew members carefully check the Load and Trim Sheet (LTS), particularly for gross errors.
Make sure that the load sheet data is correct (e.g correct flight, correct aircraft, dry operating
index, configuration, Fuel on Board,etc.).
ZFW/ZFWCG............................................................................................................CHECK/REVISE
The PF compares the ZFW and the ZFWCG with the previously-entered data, and adjust if
necessary.
ZFW/ZFWCG............................................................................................................. CROSSCHECK
The PNF crosschecks the ZFW and the ZFWCG entered in the FMS.
Check that the takeoff CG is within LTS operational limits.
FOB............................................................................................................................................ CHECK
‐ Check that ECAM fuel on board corresponds to the F-PLN.
‐ Check that fuel imbalance is within limits.
‐ Crosscheck that the sum of the Fuel On Board (FOB) recorded at the end of the last flight and
the fuel uplift (if any) is consistent with the current FOB. If an abnormal discrepancy is found, a
maintenance action is due.
TAKEOFF DATA
FMS T.O DATA...................................................................................... CHECK/REVISE AS RQRD
The PF enters or revises the takeoff data in the INIT B and PERF pages of the MCDU.
REVISED FMS T.O DATA........................................................................................ CROSSCHECK
The PNF checks the takeoff speeds and the flexible temperature, using the RTOW charts.
The PNF crosschecks the FMS entries of the PF.
The flight crew should pay particular attention in determining the takeoff configuration Refer to
PER-THR-FLX DEFINITION.
Confirm any takeoff weight limitation.
SEATING POSITION
SEATING POSITION............................................................................................................ ADJUST
The seat is correctly adjusted, when the pilot’s eyes are in line with the red and white balls.
MCDU
FMS PERF TO page............................................................................................................ SELECT
It is recommended to display the PERF TO page on the PF side.
FMS F-PLN page..................................................................................................................SELECT
It is recommended to display the F-PLN page on the PNF side
ELEC
EXT PWR....................................................................................................................CHECK AVAIL
CAUTION If the PNF requests to unplug the EXT PWR with the EXT PWR ON, the ground
engineer may be severely injured.
EXT PWR DISCONNECTION........................................................................................... REQUEST
AT START CLEARANCE
PUSHBACK/START UP CLEARANCE
PUSHBACK/START CLEARANCE....................................................................................... OBTAIN
Obtain ATC pushback/startup clearance.
Obtain ground crew clearance.
EXTERIOR LIGHTS
BEACON sw.................................................................................................................................. ON
THRUST LEVERS
THRUST LEVERS...................................................................................................................... IDLE
CAUTION Engines will start, regardless of the thrust lever position; thrust will rapidly
increase to the corresponding thrust lever position, causing a hazardous situation,
if thrust levers are not at IDLE.
If pushback is required:
N WHEEL STEERG DISC MEMO................................................................. CHECK DISPLAYED
In case of pushback (conventional or towbarless), the nosewheel steering selector bypass pin
must be in the tow position. The ECAM’s NW STRG DISC, or N WHEEL STEERG DISC memos
indicate this to the flight crew.
CAUTION If the ECAM does not display the N WHEEL STEERG DISC memo, but the
ground crew confirms that the tow pin is in the towing position, the flight crew
should not start the engine during pushback. This is to avoid possible nose
landing gear damage upon yellow hydraulic pressurization.
To dispatch the aircraft in such a case, Refer to MMEL/MI-32-51 Nose Wheel
Steering Control System.
In case of a powerpush by the main landing gear, the nosewheel steering selector should remain
in the normal position to steer the aircraft (Refer to PRO-SUP-80 Pushback with Power Push
Unit Via the Main Landing Gear - General).
PARK BRK handle.................................................................................................................... OFF
CAUTION Do not use the brakes during pushback, unless required due to an emergency.
When the pushback is completed:
PRK BRK ACCU PRESS..............................................................................................CHECK
The ACCU PRESS indicator must be in the green band.
PRK BRK handle..................................................................................................................ON
Check the PRK BRK PRESS indicator.
Use the automatic engine start procedure in most circumstances. However, if the start aborts due
to insufficient starter inlet air pressure (e.g. on high airfields, or in case of low pressure from an
external pneumatic power group), it is recommended to use the manual start procedure, instead the
automatic procedure.
If, during the engine start, the ground crew reports a fuel leak from the engine drain mast, run the
engine at idle for 5 min. If the leak disappears during these 5 min, the aircraft can be dispatched
without maintenance action. If the leak is still present after 5 min, maintenance action may be
required before the flight.
ENG MODE selector........................................................................................................... IGN/START
The lower ECAM displays the ENG SD page.
START ENGINE 2..............................................................................................................ANNOUNCE
Engine 2 is usually started first. It powers the yellow hydraulic system, that pressurizes the parking
brake.
ENG 2 MASTER sw..........................................................................................................................ON
‐ Do not turn the ENG 2 MASTER sw ON before all amber crosses and messages have
disappeared on the engine parameters (upper ECAM display).
‐ Parameter callouts are not mandatory.
‐ In case the electrical power supply is interrupted during the start sequence (indicated by the loss
of ECAM DUs), abort the start by switching OFF the ENG 2 MASTER sw. Then, perform a 30 s
dry crank.
ON ECAM UPPER DISPLAY ON ECAM LOWER DISPLAY
N2 increases Corresponding start valve in line.
Bleed pressure indication green.
Oil pressure increases.
At 16 % N2 Indication of the active igniter (A or B).
At 22 % N2
‐ FF increases
15 s (maximum) after fuel is on
‐ EGT increases
‐ N1 increases
At 50 % N2 Start valve starts closing. (It is fully closed between 50 %
and 56 % N2).
Igniter indication off.
AFTER START
ENG MODE
ENG MODE selector................................................................................................................NORM
For additional information on the automatic starting sequence, Refer to DSC-70-80-40 Automatic
Starting Sequence.
After start, to avoid thermal shock, the pilot should operate the engine at idle or near idle for at
least 2 min before advancing the thrust lever to high power. Taxi time at idle may be included in
the warm-up period.
The last engine started must run for at least 2 min before takeoff initiation, to ensure that takeoff
is not initiated before the center tank pumps test is finished, since takeoff on center tank is
prohibited.
APU BLEED
APU BLEED pb-sw......................................................................................................................OFF
‐ This action enables to avoid ingestion of engine exhaust gases.
‐ APU BLEED valve closes, ENG BLEED valves open.
ANTI-ICE
ENG 1 ANTI ICE pb-sw and ENG 2 ANTI ICE pb-sw....................................................... AS RQRD
Note: Icing conditions may be expected when the OAT (on ground and for takeoff), or the TAT
(in flight), is 10 °C or below, and there is visible moisture in the air (such as clouds, fog
with low visibility, rain, snow, sleet, ice crystals), or when standing water, slush, ice or
snow is present on the taxiways or runway.
During ground operation, when in icing conditions for more than 30 min, the following procedure
should be applied for ice shedding :
CAUTION If, during thrust increase, the aircraft starts to move, immediately retard the thrust
levers to IDLE.
If ground surface conditions and the environment permit, the flight crew should accelerate the
engines to approximately 70 % of N1 for 30 s at intervals not greater than 30 min.
In addition, this engine acceleration should also be performed just before take-off, with particular
attention to engine parameters to ensure normal engine operation. If ground surface or
environment do not permit to accelerate the engine to 70 % N1, then power setting and dwell time
should be as high as practical.
When operating in conditions of freezing rain, freezing drizzle, freezing fog or heavy snow, ice
shedding may be enhanced, by additional run ups at intervals, to not exceed 10 min, advancing
throttles to 70 % N1 momentarily (no hold time).
APU
If the APU is not required:
APU MASTER SW................................................................................................................OFF
GROUND SPOILERS
GROUND SPOILERS................................................................................................................. ARM
RUDDER TRIM
RUD TRIM position indication.....................................................................................CHECK ZERO
If the RUD TRIM position indication is not at zero:
RESET pb........................................................................................................................ PRESS
Note: After the reset, the flight crew may observe an indication of up to 0.3 ° (L or R) in the
RUD TRIM position indication.
FLAPS
FLAPS lever...................................................................................................... SET FOR TAKEOFF
FLAPS.................................................................................................................. CHECK POSITION
Check the position of the flaps on the ECAM upper display.
If taxiing in icing conditions with rain, slush or snow:
Maintain the flaps retracted until the aircraft reaches the holding point of the takeoff runway.
This action prevents contamination of the slats/flaps mechanism.
PITCH TRIM
PITCH TRIM handwheel..............................................................................................................SET
Set takeoff CG on pitch trim handwheel.
ECAM STATUS
ECAM STATUS...................................................................................................................... CHECK
GROUND CREW
CLEAR TO DISCONNECT.............................................................................................ANNOUNCE
Request : Chocks removed
Nose wheel steering bypass pin removed (NW STRG DISC memo not displayed)
Interphone disconnect
Hand signal on the left/right side.
TAXI
TAXI CLEARANCE
TAXI clearance...................................................................................................................... OBTAIN
EXTERIOR LIGHT
NOSE sw.....................................................................................................................................TAXI
L2 ‐ During the day and during the night, set the NOSE sw to TAXI
‐ When crossing a runway, set the STROBE sw to ON.
L1 RWY TURN OFF & CAMERA sw ......................................................................................... ON
PARK BRK
PARK BRK handle.......................................................................................................................OFF
BRAKES PRESSURE........................................................................................... CHECK AT ZERO
The flight crew may observe slight residual pressure on the triple indicator for a short period of
time.
CLOCK
If ACARS is not installed:
ELAPSED TIME .............................................................................................................. START
This action enables to record block time.
THRUST LEVER
THRUST lever.................................................................................................................... AS RQRD
The flight crew will need a little power above idle thrust (maximum 40 % N1) to get the aircraft
moving.
L2
For additional training-related information on the thrust use during taxi, Refer to FCTM/NO-040
Taxi Roll and Steering.
BRAKES
CAUTION If the aircraft has been parked in wet conditions for a long period, the efficiency of
the first brake application at low speed will be reduced.
BRAKES ................................................................................................................................ CHECK
If an arc is displayed on the ECAM WHEEL SD page, above the brake temperature, set the brake
fans ON.
L2 For additional training-related information on the brake check, Refer to FCTM/NO-040 BRAKE
CHECK.
FLIGHT CONTROLS
FLIGHT CONTROLS..............................................................................................................CHECK
L2 For additional training-related information on the flight controls check, Refer to FCTM/NO-040
FLIGHT CONTROL CHECK.
ATC CLEARANCE
ATC clearance....................................................................................................................CONFIRM
TAKEOFF DATA/CONDITIONS
If takeoff data has changed, or in case of a runway change, prepare updated takeoff data, as
appropriate:
F-PLN (Runway).................................................................................................................... REVISE
FLAPS lever ....................................................................................................... AS APPROPRIATE
Select takeoff position.
V1, VR, V2........................................................................................................................REINSERT
FLX TO temperature.........................................................................................................REINSERT
AFS/FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS
F-PLN (SID,TRANS)............................................................................................REVISE or CHECK
Carefully confirm that the ATC clearance agrees with the FMS, if NAV mode is to be used.
INITIAL CLIMB SPEED AND SPEED LIMIT...................................................... MODIFY or CHECK
Use VERT REV at departure, or at a CLB waypoint.
CLEARED ALTITUDE ON FCU.................................................................................................. SET
HDG ON FCU............................................................................................. IF REQUIRED, PRESET
If a heading is required by the ATC after takeoff, in case of a radar vector departure, preset the
heading on the FCU. NAV mode will be disarmed.
RWY TRK mode will keep the aircraft on the runway track.
BOTH FD......................................................................................................................... CHECK ON
FMA........................................................................................................................................ CHECK
PFD/ND...................................................................................................................................CHECK
TAKEOFF BRIEFING.........................................................................................................CONFIRM
L2 For additional training-oriented information on the takeoff briefing confirmation, Refer to
FCTM/NO-040 Takeoff Briefing Confirmation.
Impacted DU: 00015298 Taxi - Radar
ATC
ATC code................................................................................................................... CONFIRM/SET
TERR ON ND
TERR ON ND .............................................................................................................AS RQRD
‐ In mountainous areas, consider displaying terrain on ND.
‐ If use of radar is required, consider selecting the radar display on the PF side, and TERR ON
ND on the PNF side only.
For RNP AR operations (in mountainous terrain), set TAWS TERR ON both sides. If required, one
flight crew may select the weather radar for weather avoidance.
AUTO BRK
AUTO BRK MAX pb-sw................................................................................................................ ON
FINAL CHECK
T.O CONFIG pb.........................................................................................................................TEST
Check that ECAM upper display shows “T.O CONFIG NORMAL”.
T.O MEMO............................................................................................................ CHECK NO BLUE
CABIN REPORT................................................................................................................. RECEIVE
Obtain cabin report from the purser, as a minimum : “CABIN SECURED FOR TAKEOFF”
The standard width of a runway is 45 m. However, this aircraft only needs a runway width of 30 m
(99 ft) for a 180 ° turn.
The following procedure is recommended for performing a 180 ° turn on the runway.
FOR THE CM1:
‐ Taxi on the right of the runway and turn left, maintaining 25 ° of divergence from the runway
axis
‐ When physically over the runway edge:
• Turn the nosewheel fully right
• On ENG 1, set N1 to between 30 % and 35 % (CFM engines), or the EPR to between 1.02
and 1.03 (IAE engines)
• Set ENG 2 to idle.
The Ground Speed (GS) for the entire maneuver should be between 5 kt and 8 kt, to prevent the
width of the turn from increasing.
FOR THE CM2:
The procedure is symmetrical. (Taxi on the left-hand side of the runway).
Note: To prevent the nosewheel from skidding on a wet runway, it is possible to perform the
turn at a very low speed using asymmetric thrust and differential braking, as necessary.
BEFORE TAKEOFF
EXTERIOR LIGHTS
RWY TURN OFF sw..................................................................................................................... ON
LAND LIGHTS selector................................................................................................................. ON
NOSE sw.......................................................................................................................................T.O
L2 Note: Setting the RWY TURN OFF sw, the LAND LIGHTS selector and the NOSE sw to
ON/T.O minimizes bird strike hazard during takeoff.
L1 STROBE sw...................................................................................................................................ON
Set the STROBE sw to ON to cross or enter a runway.
TCAS
TCAS Mode selector..............................................................................................TA or TA/RA
L2 The flight crew should use the TA/RA mode as the default mode of the TCAS.
The flight crew may use the TA ONLY mode in specific airports, and for specific procedures
(identified by Operators) that may provide resolution advisories that are neither wanted nor
appropriate (e.g. closely-spaced parallel or converging runways).
CABIN CREW............................................................................................................................ADVISE
Advise the cabin crew that takeoff is imminent.
SLIDING TABLE
SLIDING TABLE ..........................................................................................................STOWED
TAKEOFF RUNWAY..............................................................................................................CONFIRM
Confirm that the line up is performed on the intended runway. Useful aids are:
‐ The runway markings,
‐ The runway lights,
Be careful that in low visibility, edge lights could be mixed up with the center line lights.
‐ The ILS signal,
If the runway is ILS equipped, the flight crew can press the ILS pb (or LS pb): The LOC deviation
should be centered after line up.
‐ The runway symbol on the ND,
‐ The Runway Awareness and Advisory System .
TAKEOFF
THRUST SETTING
THRUST LEVERS.............................................................................................50 % N1 (1.05 EPR)
If the crosswind is at or below 20 kt and there is no tailwind:
To counter the nose-up effect of setting engine takeoff thrust, apply half forward sidestick until
the airspeed reaches 80 kt. Release the sidestick gradually to reach neutral at 100 kt.
BRAKES.......................................................................................................................RELEASE
THRUST LEVERS................................................................................................. FLX or TOGA
Once the thrust levers are set to FLX or TOGA detent, the Captain keeps his hand on the
thrust levers until the aircraft reaches V1.
In case of tailwind, or if crosswind is greater than 20 kt:
The PF applies full forward sidestick.
BRAKES.......................................................................................................................RELEASE
THRUST LEVERS................................................................................................. FLX or TOGA
‐ The PF rapidly increases thrust to about 70 % N1 (1.15 EPR) then progressively to reach
takeoff thrust by 40 kt ground speed, while maintaining sidestick full forward up to 80 kt.
Release the sidestick gradually to reach neutral at 100 kt.
‐ Once the thrust levers are set to FLX or TOGA detent, the Captain keeps his hand on the
thrust levers until the aircraft reaches V1.
Note: ENG SD page replaces WHEEL SD page on the ECAM lower display.
DIRECTIONAL CONTROL......................................................................................... USE RUDDER
At 130 kt (wheel speed), the connection between nosewheel steering and the rudder pedals
is removed. Therefore, in strong crosswinds, more rudder input will be required at this point to
prevent the aircraft from turning into the wind.
CHRONO.................................................................................................................................START
PFD/ND.............................................................................................................................. MONITOR
1. Check the FMA on the PFD. The following modes are displayed: FLX (or TOGA) /SRS/RWY (or
BLANK) / A/THR (in blue).
Note: If an ILS that corresponds to the departure runway is tuned, RWY mode appears. If
not, no lateral mode appears until the aircraft lifts off.
2. Check the FMS position on the ND (aircraft on runway centerline).
Note: If GPS PRIMARY is not available, check the FMS position update.
FMA................................................................................................................................ ANNOUNCE
BELOW 80 KT
TAKEOFF N1......................................................................................................................... CHECK
Check that the actual N1 of the individual engines has reached the N1 rating limit, before the
aircraft reaches 80 kt. Check EGT.
THRUST SET................................................................................................................. ANNOUNCE
PFD and ENG indications..................................................................................................MONITOR
Scan airspeed, N1, and EGT throughout the takeoff.
REACHING 100 KT
ONE HUNDRED KNOTS............................................................................................... ANNOUNCE
‐ The PF crosschecks and confirms the speed indicated on the PFD
‐ Below 100 kt the Captain may decide to abort the takeoff, depending on the circumstances
‐ Above 100 kt, rejecting the takeoff is a more serious matter.
AT V1
V1....................................................................................................................................ANNOUNCE
AT VR
ROTATION ............................................................................................................................ORDER
ROTATION........................................................................................................................ PERFORM
‐ At VR, initiate the rotation to achieve a continuous rotation with a rate of about 3 °/s, towards a
pitch attitude 15 ° (12.5 °, one engine is failed)
‐ Minimize the lateral inputs on ground and during the rotation, to avoid spoiler extension
‐ In strong crosswind conditions, small lateral stick inputs may be used, if necessary, to aim at
maintaining wings level
‐ After lift-off, follow the SRS pitch command bar.
CAUTION If a tailstrike occurs, avoid flying at an altitude requiring a pressurized cabin, and
return to the originating airport for damage assessment.
AT ACCELERATION ALTITUDE
Check the target speed change from V2 + 10 to the first CLB speed (either preselected or
managed).
Note: 1. When THR RED and ACC ALT are equal, the FMA will change from MAN FLX/SRS/---
to CLB/CLB/---.
2. If FCU-selected altitude is equal to or close to the acceleration altitude, then the FMA
will switch from SRS to ALT*.
At F speed:
Note: For takeoff in CONF 1 + F, “F” speed does not appear.
FLAPS 1.......................................................................................................................... ORDER
FLAPS 1......................................................................................................................... SELECT
At S speed:
FLAPS 0.......................................................................................................................... ORDER
FLAPS 0......................................................................................................................... SELECT
GND SPLRS...................................................................................................................DISARM
EXTERIOR LIGHTS.............................................................................................................. SET
Set to OFF the NOSE sw and the RWY TURN OFF sw.
The flight crew can maintain the LAND LIGHTS selector set to ON, according to airline policy
or regulatory recommendations.
Note: The CRUISE SD page replaces the ENG SD page.
DERATED CLB OPS ..............Refer to FCOM Supplementary Procedures section (Power Plant)
AFTER TAKEOFF
CLIMB
Impacted by TDU: 00013057 Climb - Initial Climb
Note: Use EXP only for short-term tactical situations. For the best overall economy fly
at ECON IAS.
To return to ECON CLB speed:
Push ALT knob.
Check FMA: CLB/CLB/---
BARO REF...................................................................................................................................SET
At transition altitude (baro setting flashing on PFD) set STD on the EFIS control panel and standby
altimeter.
Cross-check baro settings and altitude readings.
Note: When STD is set on the EFIS control panel, the transponder transmits the last QNH or
QFE baro setting to the Air Traffic Control (ATC).
Only the FCU selected altitude, if used by the Air Traffic Control (ATC) on ground may be
misinterpreted.
CRZ FL...................................................................................................................... SET AS RQRD
If ATC clears the aircraft to its intended CRZ FL or above, there is no need to modify the CRZ
FL entered in the INIT A page during cockpit preparation. The FCU will automatically take into
account a higher CRZ FL selected with the FCU ALT knob.
If ATC limits CRZ FL to a lower level than the one entered in the INIT A page (or present on the
PROG page) the flight crew must insert this lower CRZ FL in the PROG page.
Otherwise there is no transition into CRZ phase : the managed speed targets and Mach are not
modified, and SOFT ALT mode is not available. In that case FMA will display: MACH/ALT/- - -
instead of MACH/- - -/- - -.
RADAR.................................................................................................................... AS APPROPRIATE
Gain must be manually set to +4, when MULTISCAN selector is set to AUTO and when flying below
FL 200.
Note: 1. If the weather is good, or not significant, in order to check that the radar is operating
correctly: down tilt until displaying ground echoes.
2. If the weather display is ambiguous or unexpected, in order to better analyze the weather
situation, use manual tilt according to standard technique.
3. In particular below FL 200, for situations with low-level weather, weather with low
reflectivity or in front of suspected active cells, the flight crew should switch to Manual
mode and adjust the tilt setting downward until the weather is detected or the ground
clutter appears on the upper part of the display.
4. In addition, the flight crew may increase the manual gain control to display lower
reflectivity targets. The manual gain control can be increased in both AUTO and Manual
modes to display lower levels of weather. In both cases, ground clutter may also be
displayed as a result of low settings and/or increased gain.
Impacted by TDU: 00013047 Climb - Radar
RADAR.................................................................................................................... AS APPROPRIATE
AT 10.000FT
LAND LIGHTS selector......................................................................................................RETRACT
SEAT BELTS sw................................................................................................................AS RQRD
EFIS option.........................................................................................................................AS RQRD
Select CSTR on one side, for grid MORA (if available), and ARPT on the other side.
ECAM MEMO....................................................................................................................... REVIEW
NAVAIDS.................................................................................................................................CLEAR
Clear manually tuned VORs from MCDU RAD NAV page.
CRUISE
NAVIGATION ACCURACY....................................................................................................MONITOR
On aircraft equipped with GPS primary, no navigation accuracy check is required, as long as GPS
PRIMARY is available.
Otherwise, a navigation accuracy check must be performed especially when any of the following
occurs:
‐ GPS PRIMARY LOST appears on the ND (GPS )
‐ IRS only navigation
‐ The PROG page displays LOW accuracy
‐ “NAV ACCUR DOWNGRAD” appears on the MCDU.
Refer to DSC-22_20-20-20 Navigation Accuracy Check.
Note: Methods for checking accuracy:
If the check is positive (error ≤ 3 N.m): FM position is reliable.
Use ND (ARC or NAV) and managed lateral guidance.
If the check is negative (error > 3 N.m): FM position is not reliable.
Use raw data for navigation and monitor it.
If there is a significant mismatch between the display and the real position:
Disengage MANAGED NAV mode and use raw data navigation (possibly switching
to ROSE VOR, so as not to be misled by FM data).
Impacted DU: 00010291 Cruise - Radar Tilt
DESCENT PREPARATION
Descent preparation and approach briefing must be completed before top of descent.
Tracks and distances between waypoints are displayed on the second line from the top of the
MCDU. Approach and Missed Approach tracks and distances must be checked from the appropriate
navigation charts.
‐ Check speed and altitude constraints. Add new speed or altitude constraints if required.
‐ In all cases, do not modify the final approach (FAF to runway or MAP), including altitude
constraints.
‐ Identify the position and the altitude of Final Descent Point (FDP) and check the value of the FPA
after this FDP,
‐ Identify the Missed Approach Point.
DES WIND................................................................................................................................. CHECK
Enter winds for descent starting at cruise flight level.
PERF CRUISE page.................................................................................................................. CHECK
Modify the cabin descent rate if different pressure rate is required.
PERF DES page........................................................................................................................ CHECK
Prior to descent, access PERF DES page and check ECON MACH/SPD. If a speed other than
ECON is required, insert that MACH or SPD into the ECON field. This new MACH or SPD is now the
one for the descent path and T/D computation, and it will be used for the managed speed descent
profile (instead of ECON).
A speed limit of 250 kt below 10 000 ft is the defaulted speed, in the managed speed descent profile.
The flight crew may delete or modify it if necessary on the VERT REV at DEST page.
PERF APPR page................................................................................................. COMPLETE/CHECK
Enter the QNH, temperature, and wind at destination.
L13
Note: Insert the average wind given by the ATC or ATIS. Do not insert the gust value. During
approach, the Ground Speed Mini function (manage speed mode) takes into account the
instantaneous gust.
For more information: Refer to Ground Speed Mini Function.
For example, if the wind is 15020G35KT, insert 150/20.
Insert the minimum.
Note: ‐ To avoid undershooting the published minimum during go-around, due to aircraft inertia
during pull-up, some Authorities may require Operators to add a specific number of feet
to the published minimum.
‐ Changing the RWY or type of approach automatically erases the previous minimums.
Note: After the activation of the SEC F-PLN, check the VAPP, and modify if necessary.
Check or modify the landing configuration. Always select the landing configuration on the PERF APP
page: CONF FULL in the normal landing configuration. CONF 3 should be considered, depending
LDG ELEV..................................................................................................................................CHECK
Check that the LDG ELEV AUTO green is displayed on the ECAM CRUISE page, and check the
associated value.
Note: If, on very long runways, the flight crew anticipates that braking will not be needed, use of
the autobrake is not necessary.
Firmly press the appropriate pushbutton, according to the runway length and condition, and check
that the related ON light comes on.
RADAR.....................................................................................................ADJUST AS APPROPRIATE
Gain must be manually set to +4, when MULTISCAN selector is set to AUTO and when flying below
FL 200.
Note: 1. If the weather is good, or not significant, in order to check that the radar is operating
correctly: down tilt until displaying ground echoes.
2. If the weather display is ambiguous or unexpected, in order to better analyze the weather
situation, use manual tilt according to standard technique.
3. In particular below FL 200, for situations with low-level weather, weather with low
reflectivity or in front of suspected active cells, the flight crew should switch to Manual
mode and adjust the tilt setting downward until the weather is detected or the ground
clutter appears on the upper part of the display.
4. In addition, the flight crew may increase the manual gain control to display lower
reflectivity targets. The manual gain control can be increased in both AUTO and Manual
modes to display lower levels of weather. In both cases, ground clutter may also be
displayed as a result of low settings and/or increased gain.
Impacted by TDU: 00013353 Descent Preparation - Radar
RADAR.....................................................................................................ADJUST AS APPROPRIATE
ANTI ICE ON reduces the descent path angle (when the engines are at idle). The pilot can
compensate for this by increasing the descent speed, or by extending up to half speedbrakes.
DESCENT CLEARANCE...........................................................................................................OBTAIN
CLEARED ALTITUDE ON FCU...................................................................................................... SET
When clearance is obtained, set the ATC-cleared altitude (FL) on the FCU (also considering what is
the safe altitude).
If the lowest safe altitude is higher than the ATC-cleared altitude, check with the ATC that this
constraint applies.
If it is confirmed, set the FCU altitude to the safe altitude, until it is safe to go to the ATC-cleared
altitude.
DESCENT INITIATION
DESCENT................................................................................................................................ INITIATE
The normal method of initiating the descent is to select DES mode at the FMGS calculated top of
descent (T/D).
If ATC requires an early descent:
Use DES mode which will guide the aircraft down at a lower vertical speed in order to converge
on the required descent path. (The pilot may use a V/S of -1 000 ft/min).
If ATC delays the descent:
Beyond T/D, a DECELERATE message comes up on the PFD and MCDU. This suggests to the
crew that it starts reducing speed towards green dot speed (with ATC permission). When cleared
to descend, select DES mode with managed speed active.
DESCENT MONITORING
PF MCDU..................................................................................................................PROG/PERF DES
PF MCDU should be set to PROG or PERF DES page:
‐ PROG page in order to get VDEV or RQD DIST TO LAND/DIRECT DIST TO DEST information
‐ PERF DES in order to get predictions down to any inserted altitude in DES/OP DES modes and
EXP mode .
PNF MCDU...................................................................................................................................F-PLN
DESCENT............................................................................................................... MONITOR/ADJUST
Refer to PRO-NOR-SRP-01-60 Descent Monitoring - DES Mode Engaged
DESCENT ADJUSTMENT
If engine anti-ice is selected in descent, the flight idle is increased. So, to maintain the rate of
descent that the airplane had before engine anti-ice selection it may be necessary to use up to half
speedbrakes to maintain the required rate of descent, in OPEN DES vertical mode. If the rate of
descent has to be increased, full speedbrakes may be used.
In DES mode: If the aircraft is on, or below, the flight path and the ATC requires a higher rate of
descent, do not use speedbrakes because the rate of descent is dictated by the planned flight path.
Thus, the A/THR may increase thrust to compensate for the increase in drag. In this case, use OPEN
DES with speedbrakes.
Note: 1. If speedbrakes are used above 315 kt/M .75, with the AP engaged, their rate of retraction
is low (total time for retraction from full extension is approximately 25 s). The ECAM
memo page displays SPD BRAKES in amber until retraction is complete.
2. In order to avoid overshooting the altitude, due to speedbrake retraction in ALT* mode,
retract the speedbrakes at least 2 000 ft before the selected altitude.
BARO REF.......................................................................................................................................SET
Set QNH (or QFE) on the EFIS control panel and on the standby altimeter, when approaching the
transition level and when cleared for an altitude.
Crosscheck BARO settings and altitude readings.
Note: When operating in low OAT, altitude corrections, as defined in Refer to PER-OPD-GEN
ALTITUDE TEMPERATURE CORRECTION, should be considered.
ECAM STATUS..........................................................................................................................CHECK
‐ Check that there is no status reminder on the upper ECAM display.
‐ If there is a status reminder, check the aircraft STATUS.
‐ Check the ECAM status page before completing the approach checks. Take particular note of any
degradation in landing capability, or any other aspect affecting the approach and landing.
AT 10 000 FT
LAND lights selector.................................................................................................................... SET
LAND lights may be switched ON, according to the airline policy/regulatory recommendations.
SEAT BELTS sw........................................................................................................................... ON
EFIS option pb.......................................................................................................................... CSTR
Select CSTR on both sides.
LS pb..................................................................................................................................AS RQRD
Select LS, if an ILS or LOC approach is intended.
The PFD displays the LOC and glide scales and deviation symbol, if there is a valid ILS signal.
RAD NAVAIDS............................................................................................SELECTED/IDENTIFIED
Ensure that appropriate radio NAVAIDS are tuned and identified.
APPROACH CHECKLIST
APPROACH CHECKLIST
APPROACH CHECKLIST............................................................................................PERFORMED
Approach General
INTRODUCTION
The APPROACH section provides the standard operating procedures for the following approach
types:
‐ ILS / MLS / GLS approaches
‐ Conventional approaches: VOR, VOR-DME, NDB, NDB-DME
‐ Approaches based on a LOC signal without any G/S signal: LOC ONLY, ILS G/S OUT, LOC B/C
‐ RNAV approaches including:
• RNAV(GNSS) approaches with LNAV minimum or LNAV/VNAV minimum
• RNAV(RNP) approaches for which Authorization is Required (AR) - If capability installed.
Note: In relation to the names in the ICAO Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) Manual:
‐ "RNP APCH operations" corresponds to RNAV(GNSS) approaches
‐ "RNP AR APCH operations" corresponds to RNAV(RNP) approaches.
CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE
This table provides Guidance Modes that may be used depending on the Approach Types.
Guidance Modes per Approach Types
LOC G/S FINAL APP LOC FPA NAV FPA TRK FPA
ILS / MLS Refer to APPR
N/A N/A N/A N/A
/ GLS using LOC G/S
Refer to APPR
LOC ONLY
N/A N/A using FPA N/A N/A
ILS G/S OUT Guidance
Refer to APPR
LOC B/C N/A N/A N/A N/A using FPA
Guidance
RNAV(GNSS)
Refer to APPR
with LNAV/VNAV N/A
using FINAL APP
N/A Not Authorized Not Authorized
minima
Refer to Refer to APPR
RNAV(GNSS) with
N/A APPR using N/A using FPA Not Authorized
LNAV minima FINAL APP(1) Guidance
RNAV(GNSS)
N/A Not Authorized N/A Not Authorized Not Authorized
with LPV minima
Continued on the following page
FLYING REFERENCE
STABILIZATION CRITERIA
The objective is to be stabilized on the final descent path at VAPP in the landing configuration, at
1 000 ft above airfield elevation in instrument conditions, (or at 500 ft above airfield elevation in visual
conditions).
In order to be stabilized, all of the following conditions must be verified before, or at this stabilization
height:
‐ The aircraft is on the correct lateral and vertical flight path
‐ The aircraft is in the desired landing configuration
‐ The thrust is stabilized, usually above idle, in order to maintain the target approach speed along
the desired final approach path
‐ There is no excessive flight parameter deviation.
If the aircraft is not stabilized on the approach path in landing configuration in the following
conditions:
‐ at 1 000 ft above airfield elevation in instrument conditions, or
‐ at 500 ft above airfield elevation in visual conditions, or
‐ as required by Operator policies/regulations.
Then a go around must be initiated unless the flight crew estimates that only small corrections are
necessary to rectify minor deviations from stabilized conditions due, amongst others, to external
perturbations.
Note: If the predicted tailwind at landing is greater than 10 kt, decelerated approach is not
permitted, and the aircraft speed should be stabilized at around VREF + 5 kt in final.
DECELERATED APPROACH
The decelerated approach with FD or AP/FD guidance is the standard flying technique for ILS /
MLS / GLS approaches and approaches using FLS or FINAL APP guidance.
EARLY STABILIZED APPROACH
Under certain circumstances, the flight crew may decide to reduce the speed down to VAPP in the
landing configuration at the Final Descent Point (i.e. approach via selected guidance, high glide
path angle, low altitude intermediate approach, etc.). In order to obtain a valuable deceleration
pseudo waypoint and to ensure a timely deceleration, the flight crew should enter VAPP as a
speed constraint at the Final Descent Point.
DISCONTINUED APPROACH
In order to discontinue an approach when the aircraft is at or above the altitude selected on the
FCU, the flight crew can either:
‐ Apply the GO AROUND procedure, or
‐ Apply the discontinued approach technique.
When the aircraft is below the FCU altitude, the flight crew must apply the GO AROUND
procedure.
INITIAL APPROACH
GENERAL
The initial approach procedure described here is a general guidance whatever the type of
approach expected.
INITIAL APPROACH
F-PLN SEQUENCING...........................................................................................................ADJUST
‐ The NAV mode will be available after GO AROUND if the F-PLN is properly sequenced. A good
cue to monitor the proper F-PLN sequencing is the TO waypoint on the upper right side of the
ND, which should remain meaningful.
‐ In NAV mode, the F-PLN will sequence automatically.
‐ In HDG/TRK mode, the F-PLN will sequence automatically only if the aircraft flies close to the
F-PLN route.
APPROACH PHASE............................................................................................CHECK/ACTIVATE
‐ If the aircraft overflies the DECEL pseudo waypoint in NAV mode, the APPR phase activates
automatically.
‐ If the aircraft is in HDG/TRK mode, approximately 15 nm from touchdown, activate and confirm
APPROACH phase on the MCDU (PERF DES page).
MANAGED SPEED................................................................................................................ CHECK
‐ If ATC requires a particular speed, use selected speed. When the ATC speed constraint no
longer applies, return to managed speed.
FLIGHT PATH....................................................................................................................MONITOR
‐ In NAV mode, use VDEV information on the PFD and PROG page.
‐ In HDG/TRK mode, use the energy circle on ND representing the required distance to land.
RADAR
RADAR................................................................................................. ADJUST AS APPROPRIATE
‐ Gain must be manually set to +4 when MULTISCAN selector is set to AUTO and when flying
below FL 200.
‐ If the weather is good, or not significant, in order to check that the radar is operating correctly:
down tilt under displaying ground echoes.
‐ If the weather display is ambiguous or unexpected, in order to better analyze the weather
situation, use manual tilt according to standard technique.
‐ In particular below FL 200, for situations with low level weather, weather with low reflectivity or
in front of suspected active cells, the flight crew should switch to manual mode and adjust the tilt
setting downward until the weather is detected or the ground clutter appears on the upper part
of the display.
‐ In addition, the flight crew may increase the manual gain control to display lower reflectivity
targets. The manual gain control can be increased in both AUTO and manual modes to display
lower levels of weather. In both cases, ground clutter may also be displayed as a result of low
settings and/or increased gain.
Impacted by TDU: 00014648 Initial Approach - Radar
RADAR
RADAR................................................................................................. ADJUST AS APPROPRIATE
NAVIGATION ACCURACY
NAV ACCURACY...............................................................................................................MONITOR
‐ When GPS PRIMARY is available, no NAV ACCURACY monitoring is required.
‐ If GPS PRIMARY is lost, or GPS not installed, check on PROG page that the required
navigation accuracy is appropriate to the phase of flight.
‐ If NAV ACCURACY is LOW, at least one ND must be in ROSE LS/VOR depending on the
approach.
INTERMEDIATE/FINAL APPROACH
GENERAL
The intermediate and final approach procedure described here is general guidance whatever the
type of approach expected.
FLAPS 2 lever.......................................................................................................................SELECT
‐ Check deceleration toward "F" speed.
‐ For ILS / MLS / GLS and approaches using FLS , if the aircraft intercepts the flight
path below 2 000 ft AGL, select FLAPS 2 at one dot below the flight path.
‐ If the aircraft speed is significantly higher than "F" speed on the flight path, or the aircraft does
not decelerate on the flight path, extend the landing gear in order to slow down the aircraft. The
use of speed brakes is not recommended.
‐ When the speed brakes are deployed, extending the flaps beyond FLAPS 1 may induce a
slight roll movement, and in calm conditions a small lateral control asymmetry may remain until
disturbed by a control input or by an atmospheric disturbance.
PATTERN (DECELERATED)
GENERAL
The following items are to be performed in addition to previous SOP chapters for ILS / MLS /
GLS approach.
INITIAL/INTERMEDIATE APPROACH
APPR pb on FCU................................................................................................................... PRESS
‐ Press the APPR pb when cleared for approach and on the intercept trajectory for the final
approach course. This arms the LOC and G/S modes.
Note: In NAV mode, the aircraft may leave the F-PLN to capture the LOC.
‐ LOC and/or G/S capture modes will engage no sooner than 3 s after being armed.
‐ ICAO defines the envelope where the quality of the G/S signal ensures a normal capture. This
envelope is within 10 nm, ±8 ° of the centerline of the ILS glide path and up to 1.75 θ and down
to 0.3 θ (θ = nominal glide path angle). When arming the approach well outside of the normal
G/S capture envelope, a spurious G/S* engagement may occur due to a wrong G/S deviation
signal. Whenever the pilot notices the pitch movement, or the spurious G/S*, or the trajectory
deviation, he will immediately disconnect the AP, if engaged, to re-establish a normal attitude
and will disengage APPR mode. It is then recommended to arm/rearm APPR (ILS) mode within
the normal capture zone.
BOTH APs........................................................................................................................... ENGAGE
‐ When APPR mode is selected, AP1 and AP2 should be engaged.
‐ Above 5 000 ft AGL, the FMA displays CAT 1.
‐ Below 5 000 ft AGL, the FMA displays the correct approach capability for the intended
approach.
LOC.......................................................................................................................... CHECK ARMED
G/S........................................................................................................................... CHECK ARMED
LOC CAPTURE..................................................................................................................MONITOR
G/S CAPTURE...................................................................................................................MONITOR
GO AROUND ALTITUDE............................................................................................................ SET
FINAL APPROACH
FLIGHT PARAMETERS.....................................................................................................MONITOR
‐ The PNF calls out if excessive deviation occurs:
• LOC: ½ dot
• GLIDE: ½ dot
Refer to PRO-NOR-SOP-90 Flight Parameters in Approach
AT ENTERED MINIMUM
MINIMUM...............................................................................................MONITOR OR ANNOUNCE
Below minimum, the visual references must be the primary reference until landing.
If visual references are sufficient:
CONTINUE...............................................................................................................ANNOUNCE
‐ Do not duck under the glide slope. Maintain a stabilized flight path down to the flare. At
50 ft, one dot below the glide slope is 7 ft below the glide slope.
GENERAL
The following items are to be performed in addition to previous SOP chapters in the following
cases:
‐ RNAV(GNSS) approaches with LNAV and LNAV/VNAV minima
‐ Conventional approaches based on VOR or NDB using FINAL APP guidance.
Note: For RNAV(RNP), Refer to APPR using FINAL APP for RNAV(RNP)
AIRCRAFT EQUIPMENT
For RNAV(GNSS) approaches, 1 FMS must be operative in GPS PRIMARY.
In addition, the following equipment is recommended:
1 MCDU, 1 FD, 1 PFD and 1 ND on the PF side, and both FCU channels.
DESCENT PREPARATION
WEATHER AND LANDING INFORMATION.........................................................................OBTAIN
‐ The FMS does not take into account the effect of low OAT on the vertical profile. Therefore,
vertical managed guidance may not be used below a minimum OAT. This minimum OAT is
either indicated on the approach chart, or defined by the Operator.
Note: For RNAV(GNSS) approach with LNAV VNAV minima, use of QNH from a remote station
is prohibited.
F-PLN A page........................................................................................................................ CHECK
‐ 0,1 degree of difference between the MCDU and the charted final vertical path is acceptable
‐ 1 degree of difference between the MCDU and the charted final lateral track is acceptable
‐ 3 degree of difference between the MCDU and the charted final lateral track is acceptable for
conventional radio NAVAID approach.
PROG page.....................................................................................................................COMPLETE
‐ Insert the reference RWY threshold in the BRG/DIST field for position monitoring during
approach.
DESCENT
At 10 000 ft:
NAV ACCURACY................................................................................................................... CHECK
‐ If NAV accuracy is LOW, use TRK FPA mode for approach (Refer to APPR using FPA
guidance).
For RNAV(GNSS) approach:
GPS PRIMARY................................................................................................................ CHECK
‐ GPS PRIMARY must be available on at least 1 FMS.
BARO REF...................................................................................................................................SET
‐ The vertical guidance requires a precise baro setting. The maximum acceptable discrepancy
between altimeters is 100 ft.
INITIAL/INTERMEDIATE/FINAL APPROACH
POSITION.......................................................................................................................... MONITOR
‐ Check that ATC clearances allow the aircraft to fly through the capture area of vertical profile.
After a radar vectoring, consider a DIR TO RDL IN to sequence the F/PLN.
APPR pb on FCU................................................................................................................... PRESS
APP NAV.......................................................................................... CHECK ARMED or ENGAGED
FINAL....................................................................................................................... CHECK ARMED
‐ Check that the V/DEV scale is displayed on the PFD.
‐ At the Final Descent Point, a blue arrow on ND indicates that FINAL APP engagement
conditions are met.
At the Final Descent Point:
FINAL APP..........................................................................................................CHECK ENGAGED
GO AROUND ALTITUDE............................................................................................................ SET
FLIGHT PARAMETERS.....................................................................................................MONITOR
‐ Monitor XTK error on ND.
‐ Monitor V/DEV on PFD.
‐ Crosscheck distances versus altitudes as published on the charts.
‐ If approaching on a conventional radio NAVAID procedure, monitor the lateral and vertical
guidance using raw data.
‐ The PNF calls out if excessive deviation occurs:
• XTK > 0.1 nm
• V/DEV > ½ dot
L2 On the vertical scale, one dot corresponds to 100 ft. Thus ½ dot is 50 ft.
L1 Refer to PRO-NOR-SOP-90 Flight Parameters in Approach
AT ENTERED MINIMUM
MINIMUM...............................................................................................MONITOR OR ANNOUNCE
Below minimum, the visual references must be the primary reference until landing.
If visual references are sufficient:
CONTINUE...............................................................................................................ANNOUNCE
AP.......................................................................................................................................... OFF
‐ The AP will automatically disengage at the MAP.
‐ At minimum -50 ft, if the AP is still engaged, the message DISCONNECT AP FOR LDG
pulses on the FMA to remind the flight crew that automatic landing is not available.
FD.......................................................................................................................................... OFF
‐ The PF orders the PNF to set FDs OFF.
TRK FPA........................................................................................................................ SELECT
RUNWAY TRACK....................................................................................................CHECK/SET
‐ If needed, the PF orders the PNF to set the runway track.
If visual references are not sufficient:
GO AROUND...........................................................................................................ANNOUNCE
‐ Initiate a go around.
GENERAL
The following items are to be performed in addition to previous SOP chapters in case of
RNAV(RNP) approaches.
The procedures of the paragraph below are generic guidelines for RNAV(RNP) approaches.
These procedures may be tailored by the airline for specific airfields according to their OPS
approval.
AIRCRAFT EQUIPMENT
Refer to PRO-SPO-51 RNP AR OPERATIONS
FLIGHT PREPARATION
Use a prediction tool to check the GPS PRIMARY availability for the estimated time of operation. It
ensures that the RNP criteria will be met during approach. This prediction should take into account
the terrain environment.
DESCENT PREPARATION
WEATHER AND LANDING INFORMATION.........................................................................OBTAIN
‐ The FMS does not take into account the effect of low OAT on the vertical profile. Therefore,
vertical managed guidance may not be used below a minimum OAT. This minimum OAT is
either indicated on the approach chart, or defined by the Operator.
‐ Verify that wind is within limits.
‐ Use of QNH from a remote station is prohibited.
NAVAID............................................................................................................................ DESELECT
‐ Deselect all NAVAIDS on DATA/POSITION MONITOR/SEL NAVAIDS.
PROG page.....................................................................................................................COMPLETE
‐ Insert the reference waypoint or RWY threshold in the BRG/DIST field for position monitoring
during approach.
‐ Check/insert the RNP value in the 6L field.
GO AROUND STRATEGY................................................................................................... REVIEW
‐ The briefing should include a review of the "Management of Degraded Navigation" chapter.
DESCENT
GPS PRIMARY ON BOTH FMS............................................................................................CHECK
‐ For RNAV(RNP) approaches, GPS PRIMARY must be available on both FMS (GPS PRIMARY
LOST not displayed on NDs).
GPS 1+2............................................................................................................CHECK both in NAV
‐ Both GPS must be in NAV on the GPS MONITOR Page.
‐ Both GPS and both FMS must available before the IAF. Thus, if one FMS is inoperative or if one
GPS is not in NAV before the IAF, RNAV(RNP) is not allowed.
TERR on ND...................................................................................................................... AS RQRD
AT ENTERED MINIMUM
MINIMUM................................................................................................. MONITOR or ANNOUNCE
Below minimum, the visual references must be the primary reference until landing.
If visual references are sufficient:
CONTINUE...............................................................................................................ANNOUNCE
AP.......................................................................................................................................... OFF
‐ The AP will automatically disengage at the MAP.
‐ At minimum -50 ft, if the AP is still engaged, the message DISCONNECT AP FOR LDG
pulses on the FMA to remind the flight crew that automatic landing is not available.
FD.......................................................................................................................................... OFF
‐ The PF orders the PNF to set FDs OFF.
TRK FPA........................................................................................................................ SELECT
RUNWAY TRACK....................................................................................................CHECK/SET
‐ If needed, the PF orders the PNF to set the runway track.
If visual references are not sufficient:
GO AROUND...........................................................................................................ANNOUNCE
‐ Initiate a go around.
GENERAL
The following items are to be performed in addition to previous SOP chapters in the following
cases:
‐ RNAV(GNSS) approaches using mixed NAV FPA guidance with LNAV minima only
‐ Conventional approaches based on VOR and NDB using selected TRK FPA or mixed NAV FPA
guidance
‐ ILS G/S OUT, LOC ONLY and back course localizer approaches.
The approach is flown in TRK FPA when:
‐ The approach is not stored in the database or
‐ NAV accuracy is LOW.
AIRCRAFT EQUIPMENT
For RNAV(GNSS) approaches, 1 FMS must be operative in GPS PRIMARY.
In addition, the following equipment is recommended:
1 MCDU, 1 FD, 1 PFD and 1 ND on the PF side, and both FCU channels.
DESCENT PREPARATION
F-PLN A page........................................................................................................................ CHECK
‐ For approaches using NAV FPA:
• 1 degree of difference between the MCDU and the charted final lateral track is acceptable.
• 3 degree of difference between the MCDU and the charted final lateral track is acceptable for
conventional radio NAVAID approach.
‐ In all other cases, use TRK FPA mode for approach.
PROG page.....................................................................................................................COMPLETE
‐ Insert the reference RWY threshold in the BRG/DIST field for position monitoring during
approach.
DESCENT
At 10 000 ft:
NAV ACCURACY................................................................................................................... CHECK
‐ If NAV accuracy is LOW, use TRK mode for approach.
For RNAV(GNSS) approach:
GPS PRIMARY................................................................................................................ CHECK
‐ GPS PRIMARY must be available on at least 1 FMS.
INITIAL/INTERMEDIATE/FINAL APPROACH
LATERAL GUIDANCE MODE....................................................................... SET FOR APPROACH
‐ Arm NAV or LOC mode as appropriate.
For LOC ONLY and ILS G/S OUT:
LOC pb-sw....................................................................................................................... PRESS
‐ Press the LOC pb-sw when cleared for approach and on the intercept trajectory for the final
approach course.
Note: In NAV mode, the aircraft may leave the F-PLN to capture the LOC.
LOC....................................................................................................................CHECK ARMED
CAUTION Do not press the APPR pb
For back course localizer approaches:
TRK FPA MODE.....................................................................................USE FOR APPROACH
‐ Refer to PRO-NOR-SRP-01-70 Back-Course Localizer Approach - Procedure
LATERAL PATH............................................................................................................. INTERCEPT
‐ Monitor NAV or LOC engagement as appropriate.
TRK FPA pb (Bird)................................................................................................................SELECT
FPA FOR FINAL APPROACH.....................................................................................................SET
At 0.3 nm from the Final Descent Point:
FPA pb-sw ................................................................................................................................ PULL
AT ENTERED MINIMUM
MINIMUM...............................................................................................MONITOR OR ANNOUNCE
Below minimum, the visual references must be the primary references until landing.
If visual references are sufficient:
CONTINUE...............................................................................................................ANNOUNCE
AP.......................................................................................................................................... OFF
‐ At minimum -50 ft, if the AP is still engaged, the message DISCONNECT AP FOR LDG
pulses on the FMA to remind the flight crew that automatic landing is not available.
FD.......................................................................................................................................... OFF
‐ The PF orders the PNF to set both FDs OFF.
RUNWAY TRACK....................................................................................................CHECK/SET
‐ If needed, the PF orders the PNF to set the runway track.
CIRCLING APPROACH
GENERAL
The circling approach is the visual phase of an instrument approach to bring an aircraft into
position for landing on a runway which is not suitably located for a straight-in approach.
CAUTION The flight crew must conduct the flight within the circling area, while maintaining
required visual references at all times.
APPROACH PREPARATION
For a circling approach, the approach preparation should include the following additional items in
the FMS programming.
F-PLN
Introduce the instrument approach procedure, including the missed approach procedure for
instrument approach.
SEC F-PLN
The landing runway must be inserted into the SEC F-PLN.
Update the SEC F-PLN as follows:
‐ Copy the active F-PLN
‐ Revise the landing runway.
INSTRUMENT APPROACH
The flight crew flies a stabilized approach at "F" speed, configuration 3 and landing gear down.
CIRCLING APPROACH
At the Circling MDA(H) at the latest:
Perform a level off
At MAP, if the flight crew finds no visual reference:
Initiate a go around
When required conditions for circling are satisfied:
Select TRK FPA
Proceed to downwind leg
At any time in the downwind leg, activate the SEC F-PLN
Disconnect the AP and remove the FDs at the latest before starting the descent toward the
runway
Set the landing configuration when appropriate, but ensure early stabilization in final.
If, at any time during the circling procedure, the required visual references are lost, initiate a
go around following the missed approach of the initial instrument approach (unless otherwise
specified).
VISUAL APPROACH
GENERAL
Perform the approach on a nominal 3 ° glideslope using visual references. Approach to be
stabilized by 500 ft AGL on the correct approach path, in the landing configuration, at VAPP.
Method:
‐ The AP is not used
‐ Both FDs are OFF
INITIAL/INTERMEDIATE APPROACH
The flight plan selected on the MCDU should include the selection of the landing runway. The
downwind leg may also be part of the flight plan. This may be a useful indication of the aircraft
position in the circuit on the ND.
However, visual references must be used.
Therefore, at the beginning of the downwind leg:
Manually ACTIVATE APPR
Select FDs to OFF
Select TRK FPA to have FPV displayed
Check A/THR active.
Extend the downwind leg to 3 s/100 ft (± 1 s/1 kt of headwind / tailwind).
Turn into base leg with a maximum of 30 ° of bank. Descent with approximate FPA, in FLAPS 2, at
F speed.
FINAL APPROACH
The speed trend arrow and FPV help the flight crew make timely and correct thrust settings (if in
manual thrust), and approach path corrections.
Avoid descending through the correct approach path with idle thrust. (Late recognition of this
situation without a prompt thrust increase may lead to considerable speed decay and altitude
loss).
Ensure that the aircraft is stabilized on the final descent path at VAPP (or ground speed mini)
in the landing configuration with the thrust stabilized (usually above idle) at 500 ft above airfield
elevation or as restricted by Operator policies/regulations.
If the aircraft is not stabilized, the flight crew must initiate a go around, unless they think that only
small corrections are necessary to rectify minor deviations from stabilized conditions due, amongst
others, to external perturbations.
Avoid any tendency to “duck under” in the late stages of the approach.
Avoid destabilizing the approach in the last 100 ft, in order to have the best chance of performing a
good touchdown at the desired position.
Note: This drawing shows that, for a CAT III landing (60 m minimum visual segment), the
minimum RVR is 103 m at 15 ft.
LANDING
FLARE
The cockpit cut-off angle is 20 °.
In stabilized approach conditions, the flare height is approximately 30 ft:
FLARE........................................................................................................................ PERFORM
ATTITUDE................................................................................................................... MONITOR
”PITCH, PITCH” auto-callout is available.
AT TOUCHDOWN
DEROTATION...................................................................................................................... INITIATE
‐ Lower the nosewheel without undue delay.
‐ The PNF continues to monitor the attitude.
ALL THRUST LEVERS................................................................................ REV MAX or REV IDLE
The flight crew must select reverse thrust immediately after main landing gear touchdown.
The flight crew must immediately select REV MAX, if any of the following occurs at any time during
the landing:
‐ An emergency
‐ The deceleration is not as expected
‐ A failure affects the landing performance
‐ A long flare or a long touchdown
‐ An unexpected tailwind.
A small pitch up may occur during thrust reversers deployment before nose landing gear
touchdown. However, the flight crew can easily control this pitch up.
As soon as the flight crew selects reverse thrust, they must perform a full-stop landing.
AT 70 KT
SEVENTY KNOTS......................................................................................................... ANNOUNCE
BOTH THRUST LEVERS.................................................................................................. REV IDLE
It is better to reduce thrust when passing 70 kt. However, high levels of reverse thrust may be
used in order to control aircraft speed in the case of an emergency.
CAUTION Avoid the use of high levels of reverse thrust at low airspeed, unless required due
to an emergency. The distortion of the airflow, caused by gases reentering the
compressor, can cause engine stalls that may result in excessive EGT.
AT TAXI SPEED
BOTH THRUST LEVERS..................................................................................................FWD IDLE
‐ When reaching taxi speed, and before leaving the runway, deselect the reversers.
‐ On snow-covered grounds, the reversers should be stowed when the aircraft speed reaches
25 kt.
‐ When deselecting the reversers, be careful not to apply forward thrust by moving the thrust
levers beyond the FWD IDLE position.
CAUTION Except in an emergency, do not use the reverse thrust to control the aircraft
speed while on taxiways.
On taxiways, the use of reversers, even when restricted to idle thrust, would have the following
effects:
‐ The engines may ingest fine sand and debris that may be detrimental to the engines and
airframe systems.
‐ On snow–covered areas, snow will recirculate into the air inlet, and may cause an engine
flameout or rollback.
BEFORE 20 KT
AUTO BRK................................................................................................................... DISENGAGE
Disengage the autobrake to avoid some brake jerks at low speed.
GO AROUND WITH FD
AFTER LANDING
RADAR.................................................................................................................................. OFF/STBY
FLAPS.................................................................................................................................... RETRACT
Set the FLAPS lever to position 0.
If the approach was made in icing conditions, or if the runway was contaminated with slush or snow,
do not retract the flaps and slats until after engine shutdown and after the ground crew has confirmed
that flaps and slats are clear of obstructing ice.
On ground, hot weather conditions may cause overheating to be detected around the bleed ducts
in the wings, resulting in “AIR L (R) WING LEAK” warnings. Such warnings may be avoided during
transit by keeping the slats in Configuration 1 when the OAT is above 30 °C.
To avoid damage on the RTLU (Rudder Travel Limit Unit) mechanical stop, the SLATS/FLAPS
should be retracted before all ADIRS are set to OFF simultaneously.
TCAS.............................................................................................................................SET on standby
ATC........................................................................................................................................ AS RQRD
Depending on local regulation, ATC transponder may be operated in mode S Refer to DSC-34-50-10
Description
APU............................................................................................................................................. START
APU START may be delayed until just prior to engine shutdown.
PARKING
Prior to performing this check, consider “GROUND OPERATIONS IN HEAVY RAIN” (Refer to
PRO-SUP-30 Ground Operations in Heavy Rain).
ANTI-ICE..........................................................................................................................................OFF
SLIDES...................................................................................................................CHECK DISARMED
Check slides disarmed on the DOOR/OXY SD page. Warn the cabin crew, if any slide is not
disarmed.
EXTERIOR LIGHTS.........................................................................................................................SET
Turn off the BEACON lights, when all engines are spooled down.
FUEL PUMPS..................................................................................................................................OFF
ATC...............................................................................................................................SET on standby
IRS PERFORMANCE.................................................................................................................CHECK
‐ The NAV TIME is the cumulated block time since the latest IRS alignment (fast or complete).
‐ On the MCDU POSITION MONITOR page, read the deviation of each IRS position from the
FMGC position and check that the value does not exceed the following:
DUs...................................................................................................................................................DIM
Dim EFIS, ECAM and MCDU display units.
GENERAL
Prior to performing this check, COLD WEATHER should be taken into account (Refer to
PRO-SUP-91-30 General).
PARKING BRAKE
PRK BRK handle.............................................................................................................CHECK ON
To reduce hydraulic leak rate in the brake accumulator, keep the parking brake on.
ADIRS (1+2+3)
ADIRS (1+2+3)............................................................................................................................ OFF
ADIRS should not be switched off during transits at latitudes above 82 °N, to avoid their requiring
excessive alignment time.
After having switched off the ADIRS, wait at least 10 s before switching off the electrical supply to
ensure that the ADIRS memorize the latest data.
EXTERIOR LIGHTS
EXTERIOR LIGHTS.....................................................................................................................OFF
MAINTENANCE BUS
MAINT BUS sw.................................................................................................................. AS RQRD
Should electrical power be required for the crew or servicing personnel, consider setting the
overhead MAINT BUS sw (in the forward cabin) to the ON position, prior to setting aircraft power
to off.
APU
APU BLEED pb-sw......................................................................................................................OFF
APU MASTER SW...................................................................................................................... OFF
Switch off the APU after the passengers have disembarked.
EXTERNAL POWER
EXT PWR pb......................................................................................................................AS RQRD
BAT 1 AND 2
BAT 1 pb-sw and BAT 2 pb-sw.................................................................................................. OFF
Wait until the APU flap is fully closed (about 2 min after the APU AVAIL light goes out), before
switching off the batteries. Switching the batteries off before the APU flap is closed may cause
smoke in the cabin during the next flight.
If the batteries are off while the APU is running, APU fire extinguishing is not available.
Standard phraseology is essential to ensure effective crew communication. The phraseology should
be concise and exact. The following Chapter lists the callouts that should be used as standard. They
supplement the callouts identified in the SOP.
These standard Airbus callouts are also designed to promote situational awareness, and to ensure
crew understanding of systems and their use in line operation.
CHECKLIST CALLOUTS
ACTIONS COMMANDED BY PF
GENERAL
The following commands do not necessarily initiate a guidance mode change, eg.: selected to
managed/managed to selected. The intent is to ensure clear, consistent, standard communication
between crewmembers.
All actions performed on the FCU and MCDU must be checked on the PFD and ND (eg.: “FL 350
blue”, “FL 200 magenta"). Ensure that the correct FCU knob is used, then verify indications on the
PFD/ND.
SET
The “SET” command means using an FCU knob to set a value, but not to change a mode.
SET is accomplished by only rotating the appropriate selection knob.
Example:
‐ ”SET GO AROUND ALTITUDE__”
‐ ”SET QNH __”
‐ “SET FL __”
‐ “SET HDG __”
MANAGE/PULL
The “MANAGE” command means pushing an FCU knob to engage, or arm, a managed mode or
target.
The “PULL” command means pulling an FCU knob to engage a selected mode or target. Example:
‐ "PULL HDG 090” (HDG/TRK knob is pulled and turned).
‐ “MANAGE NAV” (HDG/TRK knob is pushed).
‐ “FL 190 PULL” (ALT knob is turned and pulled).
‐ “FL 190 MANAGE” (ALT knob is turned and pushed).
‐ “PULL SPEED 250 KNOTS” (SPD/MACH knob is pulled and turned).
‐ “MANAGE SPEED” (SPD/MACH knob is pushed).
Note: If the value was previously set, there is no requirement to repeat the figure.
Simply call e.g. PULL HDG: PULL SPEED: FL PULL.
The VS/FPA knob has no managed function. The standard callouts for the use of this knob are as
follows:
V/S Plus (or Minus) 700 PULL, or
FPA Minus 3 ° PULL (V/S/FPA knob is turned and pulled)
PUSH TO LEVEL OFF (V/S/FPA knob is pushed)
ARM
The “ARM __” command means arming a system by pushing the specified FCU button.
e.g. : “ARM APPROACH”
e.g. : “ARM LOC.”
ON/OFF
The simple ON or OFF command is used for the autopilot, flight directors, autothrust and the bird
(flight path vector).
e.g.: BIRD ON (The HDG-V/S / TRK-FPA pb is pushed.)
FMA
The PF should call out any FMA change, unless specified differently (e.g. CAT II & III task sharing).
Therefore, the PF should announce:
‐ All armed modes with the associated color (e.g. blue, magenta): “G/S blue”, “LOC blue”.
‐ All active modes without the associated color (e.g. green, white): “NAV”, “ALT”.
The PNF should check and respond, “CHECKED” to all FMA changes called out by the PF.
ALTITUDE
The PNF calls out “one thousand to go” when passing 1 000 ft before the cleared altitude or FL, and
the PF calls out “checked”.
FLAPS' CALLOUTS
FLAPS' CONFIGURATION CALLOUT
1 "FLAPS ONE"
1+F "FLAPS ONE"
0 "FLAPS ZERO"
The reply will be given when selecting the new flap position.
e.g.:
CALLOUT REMARK
PF "FLAPS ONE"
"SPEED CHECKED"
PNF checks the speed:
‐ Above the S or F speed and accelerating (Takeoff)
‐ Below VFE next and decelerating (Approach)
PNF
"FLAPS ONE" PNF selects the FLAPS lever position and replies after checking the blue
number on the ECAM flaps indicator to confirm the correct selection has been
made.
GEAR CALLOUTS
CALLOUT REMARKS
PF "GEAR UP (DOWN)"
PNF "GEAR UP (DOWN)" The PNF selects the L/G lever position and
replies after checking the red lights on the LDG
GEAR indicator to confirm gear operation.
The PNF will make callouts for the following conditions during final approach. Attitude callouts also to
be made through to landing.
‐ “SPEED” if the speed decreases below the speed target -5 kt or increases above the speed target
+10 kt.
‐ “SINK RATE” when V/S is greater than -1 000 ft/min.
‐ “BANK” when bank angle becomes greater than 7 °.
‐ “PITCH” when pitch attitude becomes lower than -2.5 ° or higher than +10 °.
‐ “LOC” or “GLIDE” when either localizer or glide slope deviation is:
• ½ dot LOC
• ½ dot GS.
‐ “CROSS TRACK” when the XTK is greater than 0.1 nm.
‐ “V/DEV” when the vertical deviation is greater than ½ dot.
‐ “COURSE” when greater than ½ dot or 2.5 ° (VOR) or 5 ° (ADF).
‐ “__ FT HIGH (LOW)” at altitude checks points.
For RNAV(RNP) approach:
The PNF will make callouts for the following conditions during final approach:
‐ ”LAT-DEV” when LDEV is at half of RNP or 1 dot.
‐ ”VDEV” when ½ dot deviation above or below path.
‐ ”SINK RATE” when V/S is greater that -1 200 ft/min.
‐ ”BANK” when the bank angle goes above 30 °.
During a go-around, the PNF will make a callout for the following conditions:
‐ ”BANK”: If the bank angle becomes greater than 7 °,
‐ ”PITCH”: If the pitch attitude becomes greater than 20 ° up or less than 10 ° up,
‐ ”SINK RATE”: If there is no climb rate.
ECAM PROCEDURES
1. “ECAM ACTION” is commanded by PF when required.
2. “CLEAR __ (title of the system) ?” is asked by the PNF for confirmation by the PF, that all
actions have been taken/reviewed on the present WARNING/CAUTION or SYSTEM PAGE.
e.g.: CLEAR HYDRAULIC ?
3. “CLEAR __ (title of the system)” is the command by the PF that the action and review is
confirmed. For status page; REMOVE STATUS will be used.
4. “ECAM ACTIONS COMPLETE” is the announcement by the PNF that all APPLICABLE
ACTIONS have been completed.
5. Should the PF require an action from the PNF during ECAM procedures, the order “STOP
ECAM” will be used. When ready to resume the ECAM the order “CONTINUE ECAM” will be
used.
MEMORY ITEMS
The aim of such callouts is to callout the appropriate procedure by calling out, in most cases,
the title of the procedure. This will allow the crew to be aware of the situation and be prepared to
properly react (crew coordination, task sharing and communication).
GPWS
As soon as avoidance manoeuver is envisaged.
"PULL UP TOGA"
REACTIVE WINDSHEAR
"WINDSHEAR TOGA"
UNRELIABLE SPEED INDICATION
"UNRELIABLE SPEED"
TCAS
As soon as "TRAFFIC" warning is triggered
"TCAS, I have control"
EMERGENCY DESCENT
"EMERGENCY DESCENT"
LOSS OF BRAKING
"LOSS OF BRAKING"
STALL RECOVERY
As soon as any stall indication is recognized.
"STALL, I have control"
STALL WARNING AT LIFT-OFF
"STALL, TOGA 15°"
TAXI
EVENT PF PNF
When taxi clearance obtained CLEAR LEFT (RIGHT) SIDE
CLEAR RIGHT (LEFT) SIDE
Brake check BRAKE CHECK
Flight control check in the following FLIGHT CONTROL CHECK
sequence (the check is possible before
the start of taxi)
1. Elevators FULL UP, FULL DOWN, NEUTRAL
2. Ailerons/Spoilers FULL LEFT, FULL RIGHT, NEUTRAL
3. Rudder(1) RUDDER FULL LEFT, FULL RIGHT, NEUTRAL
During taxi BEFORE TAKEOFF C/L
DOWN TO THE LINE
Line up on the runway BELOW THE LINE
BEFORE TAKEOFF C/L COMPLETE
(1) The PNF should follow pedal movement with his/her feet
TAKEOFF
EVENT PF PNF
Setting thrust levers to initial stabilization TAKEOFF
value
Before passing 80 kt THRUST SET
At 100 kt ONE HUNDRED KNOTS
CHECKED
At V1 V1
At VR ROTATE
Gear retraction POSITIVE CLIMB
GEAR UP
GEAR UP
If AP is engaged by PNF AP 1(2) ON
Checklist AFTER TAKEOFF/CLIMB C/L
DOWN TO THE LINE
At transition altitude BELOW THE LINE
AFTER TAKEOFF/CLIMB C/L COMPLETE
DISCONTINUED APPROACH
EVENT PF PNF
DISCONTINUED APPROACH decision CANCEL APPROACH
GO AROUND
EVENT PF PNF
GO AROUND decision GO AROUND – FLAPS
Flaps retraction FLAPS—
Gear retraction POSITIVE CLIMB
GEAR UP
GEAR UP
Checklist AFTER TAKEOFF/CLIMB C/L
DOWN TO THE LINE
At transition altitude BELOW THE LINE
AFTER TAKEOFF/CLIMB C/L COMPLETE
AFTER LANDING
EVENT PF PNF
Checklist AFTER LANDING C/L
AFTER LANDING C/L COMPLETE
PARKING
EVENT PF PNF
Checklist PARKING C/L
PARKING C/L COMPLETE
Introduction
INTRODUCTION
Note: This chapter is an amplification of the SOP. Anytime it was feasible, the same chapters and
the same titles of paragraph were retained.
The following discussion of the FMGS uses this flight plan as an example.
Cockpit Preparation
FMGS INITIALIZATION
CAUTION Cycling the navigation database deletes the active and secondary flight plans. Do
not cycle it while airborne because doing so will delete the flight plan, eliminate all
speed predictions, and blank the ND. If the aircraft is in managed speed, Green
Dot becomes the speed target.
CHECKING STORED WAYPOINTS, NAVAIDS, RUNWAYS, OR ROUTES
PRESS the DATA key.
PRESS the next page key.
SELECT, successively, as required:
‐ STORED WAYPOINT
‐ STORED NAVAIDS
‐ STORED RUNWAYS
‐ STORED ROUTES
CHECK the contents of each of these data storages and DELETE items, as appropriate.
NAVAIDS DESELECTION
If NOTAMS indicate that selected NAVAIDs are unreliable or unserviceable, deselect
them as follows:
PRESS the DATA key.
SELECT the POSITION MONITOR page.
SELECT the SELECTED NAVAIDS page.
Under “DESELECT”, INSERT the NAVAID identifier in the brackets.
The pilot can only make six deselections.
GENERAL
Follow SOP instructions, when the route is a company route stored in the database.
If waypoints, NAVAIDs or airports are not in the NAV database, the crew must define and
store them manually, using the “data stored” function.
ALIGNING IRS
The alignment phase is completed, when the ADIRS is initialized to an appropriate position. If the
GPS is available, initialization is automatic, using the GPS position. Flight crew intervention is not
necessary.
However, automatic initialization may be manually overriden by flight crew entry, at any moment
during the alignment phase. In this case, perform the following procedure as soon as possible, to
prevent delays if an alignment error occurs:
PRESS the INIT key, and then the IRS INIT prompt.
IRS INIT page is displayed with the airport reference point as default coordinates.
If necessary, PRESS [1L] and/or [1R] and use scroll keys to adjust the latitude and/or longitude
values.
For example, this can be used to enter the gate precise coordinates when the aircraft is intended
to fly without GPS on long segments without radio coverage.
You may use the ”NEXT PAGE” , or the “←” or “→” keys to gain access to the listings of
runways, SIDs, and transitions.
Procedure
PRESS the F-PLN key on MCDU
SELECT the DEPARTURE prompt [1L] key
SELECT the RWY in USE, SID and TRANS
CHECK the resulting temporary F-PLN
If it is correct, INSERT it using [6R] key.
If it is not correct, ERASE it using [6L] key.
The vertical revision page shows the descent speed (DES SPD) limit, if the revised waypoint is
between top of descent and destination.
It can be deleted by a clear action, the field reverts to brackets. It can also be cleared directly on
the F-PLN A page by clearing the SPD LIM pseudo-waypoint.
ENTERING A SPEED CONSTRAINT
Procedure
PRESS the F-PLN key on the MCDU.
Note: You may delete the constraint using the clear key on the relevant right hand key.
However if there is an altitude constraint assigned at that point, the clear action deletes
it too.
ENTERING AN ALTITUDE CONSTRAINT
Procedure
PRESS the F-PLN key on the MCDU.
The vertical revision page displays “ALT ERROR”, along with the difference between the
constraint and the predicted altitude at the revised waypoint.
ND Display
An altitude-constrained waypoint is marked by a circle ( ) on the navigation display.
This circle is white when the guidance does not take the altitude constraint into account. It is
magenta if the guidance system takes the altitude constraint into account and predicts that it
will be matched.
It is amber if the guidance system takes the altitude constraint into account and predicts that it
will not be matched.
The aircraft should be at or below FL 120 at AGN and above FL 180 at LACOU.
Entering an Altitude Constraint Through F-PLN A Page
The pilot may also enter an altitude constraint directly through the F-PLN A page.
When entering the value into the scratchpad do not forget the slash e.g. /-120 or /-FL 120.
If the slash is omitted the value will be considered as a speed constraint if it is within the
range value.
Use CLR to delete them directly from the flight plan page, as well. However, if there is also a
speed constraint assigned at that waypoint, the clear action deletes it too.
ENTERING AN ESTIMATED TIME OF TAKEOFF (ETT)
In Preflight Phase:
SELECT the SEC F-PLN key on the MCDU.
SELECT a VERT REV at any waypoint.
SELECT the Required Time of Arrival (RTA) prompt (2R).
The MCDU displays the RTA page.
ENTER the Estimated Takeoff Time in the [ 6R ] field.
The format is HHMMSS (entry of seconds is not mandatory).
ENTER it in the 6R field
If the aircraft has not taken off by the time entered as estimated takeoff time, the MCDU
displays the “CLK IS TAKE OFF TIME” message, meaning that the system will replace your
estimated takeoff time with the actual time.
When beginning the takeoff roll, the system automatically adopts that clock time as the
takeoff time.
If the origin airport is changed, or the clock time is invalid, the system automatically deletes
the estimated takeoff time.
SECONDARY F-PLN
For details : Refer to DSC-22_20-60-50 Secondary Flight Plan.
RADIO NAV
Whenever a NAVAID IDENT is correctly decoded, in agreement with that published, no audio
check is necessary.
Morse decoding is displayed on the ND for VOR/DME, VOR/TAC, DME, ADF, and on the PFD for
ILS.
Preferably use the identifier for NAVAID entry.
If the ADF IDENT is not in the database, be sure to include a decimal point when tuning the
frequency (e.g 315. or 325.7).
Note: Whenever, the runway ILS is intented to be retained for guidance after the takeoff phase,
it is recommended to manually tune the ILS by its identifier.
PROCEDURE
PRESS the INIT key, and the Next (“→”) key to access the INIT B page.
ENTER the ZFW and ZFWCG value in the [ 1R ] field.
The “FUEL PLANNING →” prompt appears in the [ 3R ] field.
Note: As long as the final Load and Trim Sheet is not available, the crew should insert the
estimated ZFW/ZFWCG in order to get fuel estimates. The ZFW and ZFWCG values
must be updated with the final Load and Trim Sheet values.
CHECK/MODIFY the TAXI [ 1L ], RTE RSV [ 3L ] and FINAL TIME [ 5L ] values.
The TAXI, RTE RSV and FINAL TIME fields display the default values specified in the AMI file
(for example, “0.4 t” for TAXI, “5.0 %” for RTE RSV and "0045" for FINAL TIME). The flight crew
may modify these values.
Note: At takeoff, the RTE RSV field will automatically be reset to 0. The RTE RSV fuel is
then added to the EXTRA fuel, which ensures that the EXTRA fuel and MIN DEST
FOB values are consistent in flight.
ENTER an ALTN fuel value in the [4L] field, as necessary.
The flight crew may enter the ALTN fuel value planned on the Computerized Flight Plan (CFP),
as necessary.
ENTER a MIN DEST FOB value in the [6L] field, as necessary.
Note: MIN DEST FOB (equal to ALTN + FINAL) can be increased at flight crew discretion
(e.g. when HOLD is expected at destination).
ENTER the TRIP WIND value in the [ 5R ] field, as necessary.
In no wind profile has been entered in the F-PLN, the crew may enter an average TRIP WIND in
this field, to obtain more realistic fuel/time predictions before departure.
Note: 1. The flight crew should only enter a TRIP WIND to obtain realistic fuel/time
predictions, on ground. Then, the flight crew should enter a wind profile using the
WIND pages, for fuel/time predictions in flight. As soon as flight crew has entered a
wind profile on the WIND pages, the TRIP WIND will be erased.
2. If the crew has already defined a wind profile, even partially (such as climb wind), it
is not possible to enter a TRIP WIND.
ENTER the planned BLOCK fuel, as indicated in the computerized flight plan (CFP)
If the planned BLOCK fuel is not available, the crew may obtain a prediction of the minimum
BLOCK fuel required for the flight by pressing the FUEL PLANNING prompt [3R].
Pressing this prompt makes the FMS compute the minimum required BLOCK fuel, which is the
BLOCK fuel required to have EXTRA fuel = 0, based on the parameters entered on the INIT and
F-PLN pages.
The computed BLOCK fuel value is displayed in the [2R] field, and a BLOCK CONFIRM prompt
appears in the [3R] field.
Note: In order to obtain a realistic fuel computation, the flight crew should ensure that the
F-PLN initialization has been completed (including insertion of the ALTN F-PLN and/or
ALTN fuel and/or MIN DEST FOB if necessary), and that flight parameters, such as
CRZ FL, steps climbs (if any), and winds, have been inserted.
When the final Load and Trim Sheet (LTS) data are available:
ENTER the final ZFW/ZFWCG [1R], and the required BLOCK fuel [2R].
The FMS computes the predictions, based on the entered BLOCK fuel, and estimates the
EXTRA fuel value.
CHECK the resulting computed data, against the data planned on the CFP: TRIP fuel, RTE
RSV fuel, ALTN fuel, FINAL and EXTRA fuel values.
If necessary, the flight crew may modify the ALTN or FINAL fuel values.
PRINT the PREFLIGHT REPORT, if necessary.
When the final Load and Trim Sheet values (ZFW/ZFWCG/BLOCK) have been entered, the
crew may print the pre-flight report, which provides a copy of the F-PLN with the associated
FMS predictions.
PROCEDURE
PRESS the PERF key on the MCDU.
WRITE successively and ENTER : V1, VR, V2.
WRITE successively and ENTER T.O. SHIFT and FLX TEMP or DRT TO
CHECK/MODIFY the THR RED ALT (Thrust reduction altitude) See *.
CHECK/MODIFY the ACC ALT (acceleration altitude) See *.
CHECK/MODIFY the ENG OUT ACC (engine out acceleration altitude) See *.
CHECK/MODIFY the TRANS ALT (transition altitude) See *
CHECK V1, V2 on PFD See **
* Altitudes less than 400 ft above airfield elevation cannot be selected.
** If the PFD does not display V2 at the top of its speed scale, check that at least one FD is
ON.
ENTERING A FLEX TEMPERATURE
WRITE the desired flex temperature in the scratchpad and ENTER using the [4R] key.
PROCEDURE
PRESS the PERF key on the MCDU.
The PERF TAKE OFF page is displayed.
SELECT the “NEXT PHASE” [6R] key to display the CLB page.
WRITE a climb speed and ENTER it.
To revert to managed speed, select ECON by pressing [3L].
When the aircraft is transitioning into the climb phase, the preselected value becomes the target
speed:
‐ The selected speed target is active.
‐ The primary flight display shows the target speed in blue.
‐ The FCU’s speed window displays the new speed or Mach number.
PROCEDURE
PRESS the PERF key on the MCDU.
PRESS the “NEXT PHASE” [6R] key on the MCDU, until the CRZ page is accessed.
WRITE a cruise Mach (or speed) in the scratchpad and ENTER it in [4L].
To revert to managed speed, PRESS [3L].
When the cruise phase is active, you cannot preselect a cruise Mach or speed.
After takeoff:
PULL HDG/TRK knob.
The heading or track mode engages on the preset value.
The direction in which the pilot rotates the HDG/TRK selection knob usually determines the
direction of the turn. A left rotation (decreasing heading) produces a left turn; a right rotation
produces a right turn.
However, when a heading has been preset before takeoff or go-around, the direction of the
turn will be such as to cause the shortest turn at the moment of engagement.
CANCELLING THE HEADING/TRACK PRESET FUNCTION
The pilot can cancel the heading preset by pushing the HDG/TRK knob back in again. This
engages or arms the NAV mode.
If the flight crew initially prepared a flight with all the data associated with this flight (takeoff speeds,
winds, etc.), and if this flight is later canceled and replaced by another flight, the flight crew may use
the following procedure to initialize the FMGS again:
PREPARE the new flight data in the secondary flight plan, using SEC INIT A, SEC INIT B, and SEC
PERF pages
ACTIVATE the secondary flight plan.
Note: When the flight crew activates the secondary flight plan, the following data of the primary
flight plan is lost if the secondary flight plan does not include any replacement data:
‐ Alternate data
‐ Winds and cruise TEMP at waypoints as inserted on CRZ WIND pages
‐ Departure and arrival selection (STAR, APP, RWY) and approach parameters (QNH,
TEMP, WIND, TRANS ALT, VAPP, MDA/MDH, DH, LDG CONF)
‐ Altitude, speed, and time constraints
‐ Steps
‐ CMS
‐ Offsets
‐ Flaps/THS
‐ Preselected cruise and descent speeds.
CHANGE OF RUNWAY
Taxi
PROCEDURE
ENSURE that HDG – V/S modes are selected (change over pb).
CONFIRM or SELECT the first cleared altitude
CROSS CHECK on PFD the target altitude
CONFIRM both FDs ON
Note: ALT (in blue or magenta) may be displayed instead of CLB if the FCU altitude or a
constraint is set at or below the acceleration altitude.
If a HDG/TRK was preset, NAV is disarmed.
SET the minimum range to display the first waypoint after departure or as required for weather radar.
Takeoff
At 30 ft
If NAV is armed, it engages automatically.
If NAV is not armed, RWY TRK mode engages and remains displayed until the crew
selects another lateral mode.
At 100 ft
Engage AP1 or AP2.
The FMGS has an internal delay that prevents the AP to be engaged during 5 s after lift-off.
At thrust reduction altitude
“CLB” flashes in the first column of the FMA
Procedure
SET the thrust levers to the CL detent
A/THR activates automatically
CHECK that A/THR turns to white in the 5th FMA column.
Depending on the next level off altitude, CLB or ALT is armed and displayed in the second
column.
ALT is armed:
‐ in blue if the next predicted level-off is the FCU-selected altitude (target altitude blue at the top
of the ALT scale)
‐ in magenta if the next predicted level-off is an ALT CSTR (target altitude magenta at the top of
the ALT scale)
At acceleration altitude
The vertical phase automatically switches to climb.
CLB mode engages. The target speed jumps to initial climb speed on the PFD.
Procedure
CHECK that “CLB” appears in green in the second FMA column.
‐ The speed reference system (SRS) mode remains engaged until CLB phase is engaged,
which occurs at ACCEL ALT or at any other vertical mode engagement, whichever comes
first.
‐ If during takeoff the FCU altitude is set below the current aircraft altitude, the system ignores
the FCU altitude and the aircraft remains in SRS mode until the pilot selects an altitude above
the aircraft altitude or engages any other mode.
PROCEDURE
If a HDG or a TRK was preselected on the ground :
PULL OUT the HDG/TRK selector knob when required
CHECK that the HDG/TRK mode is active and displayed on the FMA
When a HDG or TRK is preset, OP CLB mode will engage at the acceleration altitude. (CLB
mode is not available in HDG/TRK mode).
PROCEDURE
Establish initial climb of 15 °
When reaching the thrust reduction altitude (THR RED ALT):
SELECT a climb speed.
SET the thrust levers to CL detent.
ACTIVATE the autothrust.
TURN ON the FDs (basic modes engage).
SELECT appropriate mode.
Failure of both FDs after the start of takeoff:
‐ The FD bars disappear.
‐ The FCU window displays the target speed, which synchronizes on V2, or the current speed
(if it is higher).
‐ The autothrust remains armed.
‐ At thrust reduction altitude, LVR CLB flashes. If the pilot set the thrust levers to the CLB
detent, the autothrust becomes active in selected SPD mode (no FDs selected).
If the current speed is greater than the target speed, the thrust decreases.
‐ At acceleration altitude the target speed does not change, since it is selected.
If V2 is not inserted, the speed reference system (SRS) will not engage for takeoff.
5 s after lift off, V/S mode will engage. When V/S engages the current airspeed becomes the FCU
target speed.
To regain a normal speed target, the pilot must :
SELECT the appropriate climb speed on the FCU and PULL out the knob.
At ACC ALT :
PUSH the A/THR pb on the FCU.
SET the thrust levers to CL detent.
PUSH in the SPD selector knob to get a managed speed target.
If the localizer, of the ILS associated with the opposite runway, must be used for takeoff:
SELECT the RAD NAV PAGE.
ENTER the ILS IDENT.
If the ILS is in the database, the system tunes the proper frequency.
Check that the ILS front course is displayed in the CRS field.
Note: This may trigger the “RWY/ILS MISMATCH” message. Disregard it.
If the ILS is not in the database:
SET the appropriate frequency, and SET the ILS front course in the CRS field.
Climb
The PF MCDU should display the PERF CLB page allowing him to monitor the climb.
The PNF MCDU should display the F-PLN page to allow the pilot to monitor time, speed and altitude
predictions. This page also displays matched or missed information for constraints.
CASE 2
The FCU selected altitude is set at the next altitude constraint
The aircraft will automatically levels off at this altitude.
To resume the climb automatically when the waypoint AAA is reached, apply the following
procedure during the level off (Position 4):
SELECT the FCU altitude to the next constraint (if any) or the cruise FL.
PUSH the FCU ALT selector knob to arm CLB mode.
RECOMMENDATION:
To ensure that you will not miss the next constraint, it is recommended to select the FCU
altitude to the next constraint as described above.
MONITORING THE CONSTRAINTS
SPEED, ALTITUDE and TIME constraint can be checked using MCDUs. Each constraint is
preceded by a star that indicates if the constraint is matched (magenta star) or missed (amber
star).
ALTITUDE CONSTRAINT
If an altitude constraint is predicted as missed, use the following procedure:
SPEED CONSTRAINT
CHECK the SPD CSTR predictions on the MCDU.
A magenta or amber star (*) indicates that the aircraft will match or miss the constraint.
If the aircraft is to miss the constraint by more than 10 kt, the MCDU scratchpad displays “SPD
ERROR AT WPT ---- ”.
“CHECK WEIGHT” MESSAGE.
Refer to PRO-SUP-22-10 Other Abnormal Procedures - "CHECK WEIGHT" Message
HDG/TRK MODE ENGAGEMENT
If HDG/TRK is engaged, the guidance does not consider any F-PLN constraint. Therefore if
the flight crew disengages NAV, CLB mode reverts to OP CLB.
SPEED SELECTION
If a specific speed is required:
TURN and PULL the SPD selector knob. (This changes the target speed to blue on the PFD
speed scale).
Predictions on the F-PLN page assume that the speed remains selected until the next
SPD LIM or SPD CSTR, or the next phase, whichever comes first.
If the SEC F-PLN has been prepared for an immediate return to the airport of origin:
ACTIVATE the SEC F-PLN.
PERFORM a DIR TO the appropriate waypoint.
If the SEC F-PLN has not been prepared for an immediate return to the airport of origin:
Cruise
On reaching the cruise flight level, the flight crew should be sure that the FMA displays “- - -” in its
second column, which ensures that the aircraft is at cruise flight level and at Economy Cruise Mach
(ECON CRZ MACH).
The FMGS engages the “soft altitude” (SOFT ALT) mode 2 min after the cruise flight level is captured
and Mach stabilized. (SOFT ALT) mode allows the aircraft to deviate ± 50 ft from the target altitude
to minimize the thrust variation and reduce the fuel consumption.
If the FMA does not display "- - -" at the assigned flight level, soft altitude mode will not
engage and the predictions will be computed at the preplanned flight level. This will occur when
the ATC assigned flight level is lower than the preplanned flight level entered on the PROG
page.
If the FMA does not display "- - -" at the assigned FL (as may occur when the
ATC-assigned FL is lower than the preplanned FL selected initially):
PRESS the [PROG].
ENTER the current cruise flight level.
Note: If the current cruise flight level is above the preplanned FL, selecting the FCU updates
it automatically.
“SET SPD AUTO” (OR “SET MANAGED SPD”)
If the climb phase was flown in selected speed and if the cruise phase is planned to be
flown in managed speed (ECON MACH/SPEED) , “SET SPD AUTO” (or “SET MANAGED
SPEED”) appears on the PFD and MCDU as a reminder.
PRESS the FCU speed selector knob to activate the managed Mach.
GENERAL
On aircraft equipped with GPS PRIMARY, the navigation accuracy check is not required as long
as GPS PRIMARY is available.
Otherwise, navigation accuracy shall be checked periodically in cruise.
The PROG page displays an estimated accuracy as being high or low (center of sixth line):
‐ “HIGH” means that the FMGS estimates the FM position accurate enough to meet the EN
ROUTE criteria,
‐ “LOW” means that the pilot must compare raw data from tuned navaids with corresponding data
computed by FM and shown on the ND or MCDU PROG page. The appearance of the message
“NAV ACCUR DOWNGRAD” on the MCDU calls for a similar crosscheck.
Note: The pilot should make such a comparison periodically, even if the PROG page is
displaying “HIGH” and navaids are available: this allows him to quantify the FM position
error.
The method for checking the accuracy is explained in the SOP and in Evaluation of position
accuracy chapter (Refer to DSC-22_20-20-20 General).
A quick check is explained here below when the TO waypoint is a DME type. (VOR/DME or
VOR/TAC or DME or TAC)
POSITION DISCREPANCY
If there is a discrepancy between the raw data position and the FM position:
PRESS the DATA key on the MCDU.
SELECT the POSITION MONITOR page.
SELECT “FREEZE”.
On the other MCDU : Select the GPS MONITOR page.
The F-PLN and FUEL PRED pages display fuel and time predictions throughout the flight. These
predictions are meaningful if the lateral and vertical flight plan, and the entered winds are kept
accurate enough as the flight progresses.
PROCEDURE
In addition to the Fuel Management procedure described in the SOPs (Refer to
PRO-NOR-SOP-15 Cruise - Flight Progress), periodically apply the following actions:
KEEP ACCURATE FMS PREDICTIONS
Periodically UPDATE the F-PLN elements (F-PLN waypoints, step altitudes, predicted winds).
CHECK the MIN DEST FOB value on the FUEL PRED page
The MIN DEST FOB value is computed by the FMS and by default it is equals to ALTN + FINAL.
ALTN, FINAL and MIN DEST FOB can be modified by the flight crew.
At the beginning of the CRZ phase, and/or after any change of destination or alternate airport,
check that the MIN DEST FOB value is meaningful. Otherwise, update the MIN DEST FOB value,
as appropriate.
CHECK the DEST EFOB value on the F-PLN or FUEL PRED page
MONITOR the EFOB at destination on the F-PLN or FUEL PRED page. If necessary, ADAPT the
flight strategy.
"DEST EFOB BELOW MIN" MESSAGE
If the predicted EFOB at destination becomes less than the MIN DEST FOB value displayed on
the FUEL PRED page:
‐ The destination EFOB turns to amber on the F-PLN, FUEL PRED and PERF (CLB, CRZ, DES)
pages, and REPORT page.
‐ The “DEST EFOB BELOW MIN” amber message is displayed on the MCDU scratchpad, after
2 min (if the FMS is in CRZ or DES phase).
Note: If the flight crew has cleared the “DEST EFOB BELOW MIN” message, and if the
predicted EFOB at destination is still less than the MIN DEST FOB value, the “DEST
EFOB BELOW MIN” message will appear again at the beginning of the descent phase.
PROCEDURE
If the “DEST EFOB BELOW MIN” message is triggered on the MCDU:
CHECK the DEST EFOB value on the F-PLN or FUEL PRED page,
CHECK the hypothesis used by the FMS to compute the fuel predictions,
Check that the F-PLN elements (F-PLN waypoints, step altitudes, predicted winds) are
up-to-date, to ensure that the FMS predictions are accurate.
Check that the MIN DEST FOB fuel value is meaningful and corresponds to the planned
fuel strategy.
ADAPT the flight strategy as required.
The crew may use the STEP ALTS page to enter up to four geographic step points or one optimal
step (computed by the FMGS) at any waypoint of the cruise.
PROCEDURE
PRESS the PERF key.
SELECT “STEP ALTS” prompt.
The PERF PAGE displays this prompt in cruise phase. The crew may also call up the STEP ALTS
page using a vertical revision at any cruise waypoint.
ENTERING AN OPTIMAL STEP (ONLY STEP CLIMB)
WRITE a step altitude or FL into the scratchpad.
ENTER the step altitude or FL in the [1R] field.
CHECK the FUEL and TIME SAVINGS predictions on the 5L and 5R fields.
PUSH the INSERT prompt [6R] if adequate.
After insertion, the optimum step climb is updated only when the flight crew presses the UPDATE
prompt [6R].
The ND shows symbols for the start of climb (S/C) and the top of climb (T/C). The MCDU shows
the associated pseudo-waypoints.
It is possible to convert an optimum step to a geographic step by overwriting the [1L] field (see
geographic step).
When reaching the step climb pseudo-waypoint:
REQUEST climb clearance.
ADJUST the FCU altitude to the STEP ALT, and PUSH.
When the pilot changes his flight level without inserting a step:
‐ If the FCU-selected altitude is above the previous CRZ FL, the CRZ FL on the PROG page
changes to the new flight level.
‐ If the FCU-selected altitude is lower than the previous CRZ FL and if the distance to DEST is more
than 200 nm, the CRZ FL on the PROG page changes.
In that case Mach target is managed as follows:
• At the start of the descent, the Mach target is the managed Mach number at the initial cruise
flight level.
• When the aircraft reaches the new flight level, the Mach target switches either to the Mach
number for the lower CRZ FL, or to the speed for the lower CRZ FL if the aircraft reaches the
crossover altitude. This logic prevents the aircraft from exceeding VMO during descent.
‐ If the FCU-selected altitude is lower than the previous CRZ FL and the aircraft is within 200 nm of
its destination, the system activates the descent phase.
The pilot may reactivate the cruise phase by entering a new cruise flight level in the PROG page.
GENERAL
The preparation for descent and approach consists of :
‐ Entering PERF and WIND data
‐ Defining the lateral and vertical F-PLN
‐ Checking the tuning (auto or manual) of the appropriate navaids
After receiving the arrival information, the flight crew should use the following procedure.
When the system switches to the descent phase, it sets the MANAGED target speed to the
entered speed. From there, the speed may only be modified by using the FCU selector knob.
Once in descent phase, the pilot cannot modify the MANAGED speed again.
PROCEDURE
PRESS the PERF on MCDU.
SELECT the “NEXT PHASE” prompt.
WRITE the descent speed into the scratchpad and ENTER it.
The 3L field displays the imposed managed speed value.
PROCEDURE
PRESS the MCDU's PERF.
WRITE the new cabin rate in the scratchpad.
ENTER it in the [4R] field.
The scratchpad displays “ENTER DEST DATA” if the approach page is not completed when the
aircraft is 180 nm from destination.
SELECT “NEXT PHASE” in order to display the GO AROUND page.
CHECK and, if necessary, MODIFY the THR RED ALT and the ACC ALT.
Note: When the destination has a VOR/DME, ENTER it manually in the VOR field. ENTER
its identifier in the BRG/DIST field of the PROG page. This allows you to perform a
permanent NAV accuracy check.
Descent
DESCENT INITIATION
The top of descent, displayed on the F-PLN page (T/D) and on the ND ( ), is a position that the
system calculates, assuming that the aircraft will begin its descent in DES mode with managed
speed, and that the system will guide the aircraft along the descent profile computed with all the
vertical F-PLN data (ALT CSTR, ECON or AUTO MACH/SPD, SPD CSTR, SPD LIMIT) to reach
VAPP at 1 000 ft AGL.
Note: The ND does not display the top of descent when HDG (or TRACK) mode is engaged.
PROCEDURES
When the aircraft reaches the top of descent (F/D) :
SELECT the altitude target.
PUSH the ALT selector knob. DES mode engages.
CHECK the FMA annunciators.
DESCENT MONITORING
Procedure
SELECT a descent speed higher than the upper limit when possible.
When HDG or TRK mode is engaged, vertical position may also be assessed on the ND using
the energy circle. It is displayed as a green arc oriented on the current track and centered on the
aircraft current position.
Note: Altitude and speed predictions displayed on the F-PLN page assume an immediate
return to DES mode.
PROCEDURE
SET the FCU altitude as cleared by ATC, while considering the applicable safe altitude.
If the next safe altitude is higher than the ATC-cleared altitude, check with the ATC to verify that
this constraint applies.
If confirmed, set the FCU altitude to the safe altitude, until it is safe to fly at the cleared altitude.
MONITOR the speed target, when the aircraft reaches the speed change symbol.
MONITOR the FMA ALT*, ALT, upon reaching the level symbol.
If the MCDU “AREA RNP IS XX.X” message or “PROCEDURE RNP IS XX.X” message is displayed,
the pilot will manually-entered RNP value in the REQUIRED field of the PROG page and clear or
modify it, if it is not in accordance with the RNP value specified in the area (NAV or approach chart).
“TOO STEEP PATH AHEAD” appears on the MCDU scratchpad, when the system predicts this
situation, and TOO STEEP PATH is displayed on the F-PLN page.
When the aircraft is crossing the first waypoint of a TOO STEEP PATH, the system computes a
flyable descent profile (with an idle segment). The VDEV makes a jump because it is related to a new
profile.
PROCEDURE
When passing the first waypoint of the TOO STEEP PATH:
MONITOR VDEV and predictions at the next CSTR waypoint.
If required, EXTEND the speedbrakes before seeing the “MORE DRAG” message.
CONSIDER using a holding pattern, if necessary.
HOLDING PATTERN
A hold may be required during the descent, and may be manually inserted.
PROCEDURE
PRESS the F-PLN key.
SELECT the lateral revision page.
SELECT the HOLD prompt.
CHECK the HOLDING data, and MODIFY it if necessary.
CHECK the temporary flight plan and INSERT the holding pattern in it.
Note: If the holding fix is close to the DECEL pseudo waypoint and the speed is managed,
manually activate the approach phase to change the managed target speed to approach
speed (VAPP). This will avoid having an increase of speed not appropriate.
MANUAL TERMINATION
You should not use DES mode when entering a leg with manual termination. Manual termination,
which is defined as a track or a heading with no termination, is always part of a database procedure.
The computed descent flight profile may not be adequate when flying this type of leg.
Approach
INITIAL APPROACH
MANAGED SPEED
CHECK that managed speed is active: MONITOR the target speed.
During the approach, the autothrust limits the speed of the current configuration. (GD, S, F,
VAPP).
ILS/MLS/GLS/FLS APPROACH
(*) The approach must be stabilized at approach speed (minimum ground speed) in the
landing configuration before reaching 1 000 ft AGL.
AUTOLAND
CHECK that the FMA displays the aircraft capability (CAT 2 or CAT 3) for the intended ILS
approach.
MONITOR the radio automatic callout.
At 350 ft RA:
CHECK that “LAND” is displayed on the FMA.
CHECK ILS course.
If LAND is not displayed or if the ILS course is not correct, do not perform an autoland. The
flight crew should perform a go-around, if visual references are not sufficient.
Between 50 and 40 ft RA:
CHECK that “FLARE” is displayed on the FMA.
At approximately 30 ft RA:
CHECK that “IDLE” is displayed on the FMA, and that autothrust starts to reduce thrust toward
IDLE.
At 10 ft, “RETARD” callout comes up:
MOVE the thrust levers to IDLE.
Autothrust disconnects.
At touchdown:
CHECK that “ROLL OUT” appears on the FMA.
Note: In the case of tailwind during an automatic rollout, it is recommended to use manual
braking without delay or automatic braking for an optimised runway centerline
tracking.
At the end of the Rollout:
Disconnect the autopilot.
If the flight crew does not disconnect the AP at the end of the rollout, and uses the nosewheel
steering handwheel to taxi the aircraft off the runway, the following will occur:
‐ The AP will try to steer the aircraft back to the runway centerline, if the nosewheel steering
handwheel is released and the aircraft heading is less than 20 ° off the runway centerline.
‐ The AP will automatically disconnect, if the aircraft heading is 20 ° or more off the runway
centerline.
MANUAL LANDING
At DH:
DISCONNECT the APs. SPEED mode remains engaged.
At 20 ft “RETARD” automatic call out comes up:
MOVE the thrust levers to IDLE if they are not there already. (The A/THR disconnects).
At touch down:
“ROLL OUT” appears on the FMA and the yaw bar comes up on the PFD.
Note: The retard call out is only a reminder when a manual landing is performed.
DATA LOCK
When the aircraft reaches 700 ft RA with APPR mode (LOC and G/S) armed or engaged, the ILS
FREQ and course are frozen in the receiver.
This function (ILS tune inhibit) is available, when at least one AP/FD is engaged. Any attempt to
change the ILS frequency or CRS, via the MCDU or RMP, does not affect the receiver.
If the speed is managed, the system does not accept any modifications the pilot may enter on the
PERF APPR page (surface wind, selected landing configuration, or VAPP) for speed guidance
purposes below this altitude.
When the aircraft reaches 400 ft RA, LAND mode engages. The flight crew can only disengage
this mode by engaging the GO AROUND mode.
The capture begins when the deviation is two dots or less. It is programmed to line the aircraft up
on the beam with a single overshoot, even if the intercept angle is large.
Note: ICAO requires LOC beam to ensure a normal capture within 10 nm and plus or minus
35 ° from the course centerline. Some ILS systems just meet the requirement and are
subject to false capture outside these limits.
If an ILS approach is possible when a non ILS was previously scheduled, use one of the following
procedures:
USE OF SECOND FLIGHT PLAN
Use a secondary flight plan to prepare the alternate ILS approach, time permitting.
TASK SHARING DURING CAT I, CAT II AND CAT III APPROACH AND LANDING
LIM-22-20 section of this FCOM provides all limitations regarding CAT I, CAT II, and CAT III
approaches and landings. This includes precautions to be taken when performing autoland on CAT I
ILS beam with good visibility.
Anytime a precision approach is performed the PNF must announce that a flight parameter is being
exceeded, if:
‐ During glide beam capture:
• Pitch attitude becomes less than -2.5 ° or greater than +10 ° (nose up).
• Vertical speed exceeds +500 ft/min or -1 250 ft/min.
‐ During final approach:
• Speed goes below speed target - 5 kt or above speed target + 10 kt ( “SPEED”)
• Pitch attitude goes below -2.5 ° or above 10 ° (“PITCH”)
• Bank angle becomes greater than 7 ° (“BANK”)
• Descent rate becomes greater than 1 000 ft/min (“SINK RATE”)
• There is too much LOC or GLIDE deviation (“LOCALIZER” or “GLIDE”).
If the flight crew suspects that autopilot guidance is not effective, they should:
‐ Use the instinctive disconnect pushbutton to disconnect the autopilot, or
‐ Perform an automatic go-around.
The flight crew may perform a CAT II/CAT III approach, if:
‐ The FMA displays the corresponding category
‐ The required systems and functions are operative
‐ The airport is approved for the intended operations
‐ They are qualified to perform the specific approach.
CAT III APPROACH
AUTO CALL OUT RA is mandatory.
A/THR in SPEED MODE is mandatory.
Note: AUTO CALL OUT is not mandatory for CAT 2 approach: The PNF may perform this
function.
PF PNF
•At 350 ft AGL (or RA)
Check ILS course on PFD
″LAND″ when displayed on FMA
•At Decision Altitude (or Decision height, if QFE is used) +100 ft
Monitor auto callout or announce “ONE HUNDRED ABOVE” (1)
•At Decision Altitude (or Decision Height, if QFE is used)
Monitor auto callout or announce “MINIMUM” (1)
•If external visual references are sufficient
″CONTINUE″
Continued on the following page
PF PNF
•At 350 ft RA
Check ILS course on PFD
Commence outside scanning
″LAND″ when displayed on FMA
•At Decision Height +100 ft
Monitor auto callout or announce ″ONE HUNDRED ABOVE″
•At Decision Height
Monitor auto callout or announce ″MINIMUM″
•If external visual references are sufficient
″CONTINUE″
•If Automatic landing not performed
Disconnect the AP's and perform the landing
Monitor auto callouts or announce as appropriate:
200 ft
100 ft
50 ft
30 ft
20 ft
Continued on the following page
PF PNF
•At 350 ft RA
Check ILS course on PFD
Commence outside scanning
″LAND″ when displayed on FMA
•At Decision Height +100 ft
Monitor auto callout ″HUNDRED ABOVE″
•At Decision Height
Monitor auto callout ″MINIMUM″.
•If external visual references are sufficient
″CONTINUE″
•At 40 ft RA
Check FLARE on FMA and announce
•At 30 ft RA
Monitor thrust reduction and flare by flight instruments Monitor auto callouts
•At 10 ft RA
Auto callout ″RETARD″
RETARD both thrust levers to IDLE Monitor engines parameters
Monitor lateral guidance by external reference
•At TOUCH DOWN
Check ROLL OUT on FMA and announce
Select and control reverse thrust Check spoilers extension, reverse green, deceleration and
announce
Announce 70 kt
Disengage the APs at the end of the Roll out (when leaving
the runway at the latest)
•If external visual references are not sufficient
″GO-AROUND, FLAPS″ and execute
PF PNF
•At 350 ft RA
Check ILS course on PFD
″LAND″ when displayed on FMA
•At 100 ft RA
If no failure is detected, ″CONTINUE″ Monitor auto callout (1)
•At 40 ft RA
Check FLARE on FMA and announce
•At 30 ft RA
Monitor thrust reduction and flare by flight instruments Monitor auto callout (1)
•At 10 ft RA
AUTO CALL OUT ″RETARD″
RETARD both thrust levers to IDLE Monitor engines parameters
Monitor lateral guidance by external reference
•At TOUCH DOWN
CHECK ROLL OUT on FMA and announce
Select and control reverse thrust Check spoilers extension, reverse green, deceleration and
announce
Announce 70 kt
Disengage the APs at the end of the Roll out (when leaving
the runway at the latest)
(1) In case of CAT III without DH, the pilot should enter “NO” in the DH field of the MCDU to avoid false “HUNDRED
ABOVE” or “MINIMUM” auto callouts which would not be applicable.
LANDING CATEGORIES
Each FMGC computes its own landing category : CAT1, CAT2, CAT3 single, and CAT3 dual and
displays the corresponding landing category on the FMAs.
Each category depends upon the availability of aircraft systems and functions.
When the landing capability downgrades, a triple click aural warning is activated.
FAIL-OPERATIONAL AUTOMATIC LANDING SYSTEM
An automatic landing system is fail-operational if, in the event of a failure below alert height, the
remaining part of the automatic system allows the aircraft to complete the approach, flare, and
landing. A CAT 3 DUAL system is a fail-operational automatic landing system.
Note: In the event of a failure, the automatic landing system operates as a fail-passive system.
AUTOLAND WARNING
With “LAND” or “FLARE” green on the FMA and at least one AP engaged, the AUTOLAND red
light appears on the glareshield when the aircraft is below 200 ft RA and one of the following
events occurs:
‐ The autopilots are lost, or
‐ The aircraft gets too far off the beam (LOC or G/S flash on PFD), or
‐ Loss of LOC signal above 15 ft, or loss of glide signal above 100 ft (transmitter or receivers).
‐ The difference between both radio altimeter indications is greater than 15 ft.
When the Autoland light comes on, Autoland must be discontinued (Refer to
PRO-NOR-SRP-01-70 Failures and Associated Actions Below 1 000 ft During A CAT II Approach,
Refer to PRO-NOR-SRP-01-70 FAILURES AND ASSOCIATED ACTIONS BELOW 1000 FT CAT
III WITH DH,
Refer to PRO-NOR-SRP-01-70 Failures and Associated Actions Below 1 000 ft for CAT III without
DH).
FAILURES AND ASSOCIATED ACTIONS ABOVE 1 000 FT FOR CAT II OR CAT III
FAILURE
ACTION TO BE PERFORMED
(for multiple failures, the LANDING CATEGORY
ABOVE 1 000 ft
most limiting applies)
ONE ENGINE OUT Complete ECAM procedure. CAT III SINGLE
LANDING CAPABILITY DECREASE Try to recover As displayed on FMA
LOSS OF A/THR Switch AP, and try to reengage
CAT II
(if A/THR not recovered)
NOSE WHEEL STEERING CAT III SINGLE
(DH = 50 ft)
Disengage AP at touch down
Continued on the following page
FAILURES AND ASSOCIATED ACTIONS BELOW 1 000 FT FOR CAT III WITHOUT DH
The pilot must fly a back-course localizer approach with the ND in its ILS rose mode.
PROCEDURE
PRESS the RAD NAV key.
ENTER the ILS IDENT.
If the ILS is in the database, the system tunes the proper frequency and the front course.
Note: This may trigger the “RWY/ILS MISMATCH” message. Disregard it.
If the ILS is not in the database:
SET the appropriate frequency and SET the FRONT CRS in the CRS field.
On the EFIS control panel, SELECT the ILS ROSE mode.
The display shows the correct LEFT/RIGHT information for the beam deviation.
CAUTION DO NOT select ILS via the LS pushbutton: Doing so makes the PFD show
reverse deviations.
DO NOT arm the LOC or APPR modes.
DO NOT select the LS pushbutton on ISIS, since it displays the LOC
deviations in the wrong sense.
The flight director may be used with the TRK-FPA or HDG-V/S modes.
Go-Around
Engage the GO-AROUND phase and GO-AROUND modes by setting the thrust levers to the TOGA
position, if at least CONF1 is selected.
When the GO-AROUND phase is engaged, the previously-flown approach is automatically strung
back into the flight plan at the end of the missed approach procedure.
In the GO-AROUND phase, the system makes no predictions. Consequently, CLB and DES modes
are not available, and the flight crew must monitor constraints.
When the aircraft leaves the GO-AROUND phase, all predictions and modes become available
again. During a GO-AROUND phase, the managed speed is Green Dot.
GO-AROUND PROFILE
WITH FD ON:
Apply SOP procedures
PROCEDURES
SPECIAL OPERATIONS
Intentionally left blank
PROCEDURES
SPECIAL OPERATIONS
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
PRO-SPO-25-20 Limitations
LIMITATIONS...........................................................................................................................................................A
PRO-SPO-25-30 Procedures
PREFLIGHT............................................................................................................................................................. A
ABN AND EMER PROCEDURES...........................................................................................................................B
PRO-SPO-25-40 Performance
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
Second Segment Gradient Condition......................................................................................................................B
Final Takeoff Condition........................................................................................................................................... C
En Route Condition................................................................................................................................................. D
Go Around Performance..........................................................................................................................................E
Flight Planning......................................................................................................................................................... F
Climb........................................................................................................................................................................G
Cruise.......................................................................................................................................................................H
Descent......................................................................................................................................................................I
Race Track Holding Pattern.....................................................................................................................................J
En Route Net Flight Plan........................................................................................................................................ K
Gross Ceilings at Long Range and Green Dot Speeds - One Engine Out............................................................. L
PRO-SPO-40-50 Procedures
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
COCKPIT PREPARATION...................................................................................................................................... B
ABN and EMER Procedures...................................................................................................................................C
PRO-SPO-40-60 Performance
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
MAXIMUM DIVERSION DISTANCE....................................................................................................................... B
ETOPS Fuel From Critical Point to Landing - All Engines - Cruise at LRC............................................................C
ETOPS Fuel From Critical Point to Landing - One Engine Out - Cruise at 350kt.................................................. D
ETOPS Fuel From Critical Point to Landing - One Engine Out - Cruise at 320kt...................................................E
ETOPS Fuel requirement from Critical Point to Landing - Example....................................................................... F
GENERAL
OXYGEN REQUIREMENTS
CREW MEMBERS
See FAR 121.329 or JAR-OPS 1.770
PASSENGERS
For flight at cabin pressure altitudes above 10 000 ft, up to and including 14 000 ft, there must be
enough oxygen to supply 10 % of the passengers for the flight at those altitudes that lasts more
than 30 min.
For flight at cabin pressure altitudes above 14 000 ft, up to and including 15 000 ft, there must be
enough oxygen for 30 % of the passengers.
For flight at cabin pressure altitudes above 15 000 ft, there must be enough oxygen for all
passengers.
ALTITUDE
Flight route planning should consider the above-stated restriction in cabin altitude. If cabin
altitude exceeds 9 550 ± 350 ft, the EXCESS CAB ALT warning on the ECAM will be activated.
When above 14 000 ft, the passenger oxygen masks will drop automatically. Therefore, the
recommended maximum altitude for prolonged flight is FL 100. The minimum altitude should be
selected by respecting :
‐ The Minimum Safe Altitude (MSA),
‐ Turbulence, which is uncomfortable for passengers and,
‐ Low Outside Air Temperature (OAT), which can be uncomfortable for passengers when the
cabin is ventilated by ram air only.
AIRSPEED
If decompression is due to structural damage, consider airspeed reduction. Use slats and flaps, as
necessary, to establish low speed conditions. In addition, turbulent conditions are uncomfortable
for passengers, and gust response should be minimized by reducing airspeed.
SYSTEMS
TAKEOFF
Limit the aircraft's rate of climb to about 500 ft/min.
If both CAB PRESS systems are inoperative, or if there is structural damage:
WHEN IN CLEAN CONFIGURATION:
MODE SEL pb........................................................................................................... MAN
V/S CTL sw....................................................................................................... AS RQRD
Use V/S CTL pb to set the outflow valve opening to 50 %.
OUTFLOW VALVE HALF OPEN.......................................................................... CHECK
The outflow valve opening is limited to 50 %, to prevent the cabin air suction effect.
CLIMB
Note: The EXCESS CAB ALT warning may occur.
Use the ECAM CLR pb to clear the warning.
DESCENT
Limit the aircraft's rate of descent to about 1 000 ft/min. Perform the final approach normally.
PERFORMANCE DATA
The following table enables the fuel consumption and the time needed from takeoff to landing to be
determined in case of flight without cabin pressurization.
The table is established for :
‐ Takeoff
‐ Climb from 1 500 ft at 250 kt
‐ Long range cruise speed at FL 100
‐ Descent to 1 500 ft at 250 kt
‐ Approach and landing : IMC procedure 120 kg or 260 lb (6 min)
‐ ISA temperature
‐ CG = 25 %
‐ Normal air conditioning
‐ Anti ice OFF
The table (Refer to PRO-SPO-20 Ground Distance/Air Distance Conversion) gives the conversion
from ground distance to air distance
Following tables have been calculated using databases for CFM 56–5–B /P. If the engines fitted on
the aircraft are not /P, the fuel consumption has to be increased by 3 %.
Note: For each degree Celcius above ISA temperature apply a correction of 0.01 (kg/°C/NM) or
0.022 (lb/°C/NM).
GENERAL
This Chapter applies to dispatch with landing gear down. However, the limitations and inflight
performance also apply in case of an inflight landing gear retraction failure.
Revenue flight is permitted, with the landing gear down and the gear doors closed, in the conditions
stated below.
LIMITATIONS
PREFLIGHT
VMO/MMO with the landing gear down is 235 kt/M .60. In the avionics compartment, on 188 VU, the
VMO-MMO switch must be set to the "L/G DOWN" position.
FLIGHT CONTROLS
Failure cases, which would normally lead to ALTN law, will degrade F/CTL laws down to DIRECT
law, if the landing gear is extended.
FAILURE OF BOTH ENGINES
When both engines are failed, to ease the handling of all the different ECAM procedures resulting
from this all engine flame out situation, it is recommended to use the ENG DUAL FAILURE QRH
paper procedure, and if time permits, to clear the ECAM.
Follow all the steps of the QRH paper procedure, except those that are modified by the procedure
below :
If APU is not available
‐ Attempt an APU start
‐ . If APU start is unsuccessful, a windmilling relight can be performed, as long as the speed
is above 300 kt (corresponding N2 above 12 %). In this case, increase the aircraft speed
and disregard VMO warning.
If APU is available : perform an assisted relight, when below FL 200.
‐ Flight controls are in direct laws. Use manual pitch trim as necessary (not indicated on PFD
if APU GEN not available).
GENERAL
Consider the increase in drag to determine the takeoff weight and fuel consumption.
CONF 1 + F is the recommended takeoff configuration.
Note: Takeoff with tail wind is not recommended.
Penalties on takeoff performance affect second segment gradient condition, final takeoff condition
and en-route conditions. The takeoff weight to be retained is the most limiting of these three
conditions.
The RTOW charts or the quick reference tables give the basic information for normal takeoff. To
simplify, a constant weight reduction is applied whatever the limitation. This weight reduction covers
the most critical case presented for flying over an obstacle.
Takeoff configuration 1+F 2 3
Weight reduction 22 % 19 % 19 %
METHOD
Use the RTOW chart or the quick-reference tables to define the maximum takeoff weight for the
conditions on the airport (temperature, pressure, wind, runway...), then apply the above weight
reduction.
EN ROUTE CONDITION
Retain the lowest weight according to the most limiting condition (second segment or final takeoff).
Use the en route net flight path (Refer to PRO-SPO-25-40 En Route Net Flight Path) to check that in
case of engine failure the aircraft can clear the terrain on the route by 1 000 ft (climbing) or 2 000 ft
(descending). If necessary, reduce the takeoff weight. Read the speeds corresponding to this weight
in the RTOW chart or in the quick reference tables.
GO AROUND PERFORMANCE
FLIGHT PLANNING
Note: The performance tables are established at ISA. For each degree Celsius above ISA
temperature and per NM of air distance apply a fuel correction of 0.05 kg/°C/NM
(0.11 lb/°C/NM).
CLIMB
Climb at 230 kt/M 0.50 with both engines at maximum climb thrust. The table (Refer to
PRO-SPO-25-40 Climb) gives the time, distance and fuel consumption according to takeoff weight.
CRUISE/DESCENT
The recommended cruise/descent speed is 230 kt/M 0.50.
The ceiling on one engine may be a limiting factor, and the choice of the route should reflect this
concern.
ENGINE FAILURE
In case of engine failure, the airplane will drift down to the ceiling shown (Refer to
PRO-SPO-25-40 Gross Ceilings at Long Range and Green Dot Speeds - One Engine Out).
The thrust for drift down will be Maximum Continuous.
The drift down speed is equal to green dot speed.
HOLDING
For the holding parameters with slats out, this configuration being the least penalizing for holding:
Refer to PRO-SPO-25-40 Race Track Holding Pattern.
CLIMB
CRUISE
DESCENT
GROSS CEILINGS AT LONG RANGE AND GREEN DOT SPEEDS - ONE ENGINE OUT
BLEED CORRECTIONS
ISA ≥ ISA +10
ENGINE ANTI ICE ON -500 ft -2 800 ft
LONG RANGE
TOTAL ANTI ICE ON -1 300 ft -4 600 ft
ENGINE ANTI ICE ON -200 ft -1 700 ft
GREEN DOT
TOTAL ANTI ICE ON -1 200 ft -3 500 ft
INTRODUCTION
Two failures must be taken into consideration for en route obstacle clearance over mountainous
area :
‐ Engine failure that forces a descent to a lower cruise level
‐ Depressurization which, due to the passenger oxygen system, requires a descent to 10 000 ft
before supplementary oxygen is exhausted.
ENGINE FAILURE
If the standard strategy does not allow the aircraft to clear obstacles, the pilot must use a drift down
procedure. If an engine failure occurs at any point on the route, the net flight path must clear the
obstacles on the drift-down part by 2 000 ft and on the climb part by 1 000 ft.
If the aircraft cannot clear the en route obstacles, a point of no return (PNR) must be determined.
If an engine failure occurs after the PNR, the aircraft must drift down on course. If the failure occurs
before the PNR, the aircraft must turn back.
For en route net flight paths, refer to the Aircraft Flight Manual.
DEPRESSURIZATION
CONCLUSION
A detailed study of each route over mountainous area must show that single-engine net flight path
and passenger oxygen system performance allow the aircraft to clear the obstacles by 1 000 ft in
climb and by 2 000 ft in cruise or descent.
If the aircraft in these circumstances cannot clear the obstacles on the route, a PNR must be
determined and diversion procedures must be established.
GENERAL
The system design and the reliability of the engine installation of this airplane comply with the criteria
for Extended Twin Operations (ETOPS) flights set forth in AMC 20-6 rev. 2 (EASA) or FAR 25.1535
(FAA), when the aircraft is configured, maintained and operated in accordance with the Airbus CMP
(Configuration, Maintenance and Procedure) document.
This statement of ability does not constitute an approval to conduct Extended-Range Operations.
The ETOPS EXTENDED OPERATIONS Chapter of the AFM APPENDICES AND SUPPLEMENTS
Section refers to the approved Standard for Extended-Range Operations and the applicable
limitations, procedures and performance references.
The operator is responsible for showing that he is complying with the regulation of his nation and for
obtaining operational approval from his national authorities. The operator may amend this chapter, as
needed.
The airplane must be configured in accordance with the Airbus Standard for Extended-Range
Operations. However, the authorities may under certain conditions allow the operator to conduct
ETOPS flights with limited maximum diversion time (for example, 75 min diversion time in a benign
area of operation) without showing full compliance with these standards.
DEFINITIONS
For the purpose of EU-OPS 1-245 and FAR 121-161, Extended-Range Operations are those
intended to be conducted over a route that contains a point beyond 60 min from an adequate airport
at the selected one-engine-inoperative speed in still air and ISA (or prevailing delta ISA) conditions.
An adequate airport is an airport which satisfies the aircraft performance requirements applicable
at the expected landing weight, and sufficiently equipped to be safely used. In particular, at the
anticipated time of use, it should be available and equipped with the necessary services, including
ATC, weather information, navaids and emergency services.
An ETOPS (en-route) alternate airport is a confirmed adequate airport which satisfies the dispatch
weather minima requirements for ceiling and visibility within the required validity period.
AREA OF OPERATION
The ETOPS area of operations is the airspace within which the distance to an ETOPS adequate
airport is less than the ETOPS Max Diversion distance.
The ETOPS maximum diversion distance from an adequate airport must be determined for ISA
(or prevailing delta ISA) and no-wind conditions, taking into account aircraft performance with one
engine inoperative and the remaining engine operating at MCT.
To determine the ETOPS maximum diversion distance from an adequate airport, the operator must
define a One Engine Inoperative diversion speed for performance computation.
The same approved one-engine-inoperative diversion speed (Refer to PER-OEI-GEN-05
STRATEGY) must be considered for :
‐ Establishing the area of operation,
‐ Calculating the single-engine fuel planning,
‐ Conducting the diversion in case of engine failure (conditions permitting).
The operator has to define an aircraft weight at diversion that is considered for the ETOPS Maximum
Diversion Distance calculation. This aircraft weight can be taken as a representative but conservative
value of the aircraft gross weight at the critical point of the route or at the various critical points of all
the routes included in a given sector.
The approved one-engine-inoperative descent and cruise speed must be chosen so that the
associated net flight path clears the en-route obstacles with the regulatory margin. However, a
speed other than the approved one-engine-inoperative speed may be used as the basis for obstacle
clearance as long as the fuel required with that speed is covered by the critical fuel scenario.
Refer to PER-OEI-GEN-15 PROCEDUREfor these two one-engine-inoperative speeds.
When the one-engine-inoperative diversion speed is chosen, the maximum distance from a diversion
airport, can be directly determined for different maximum diversion times, with the help of the tables
provided in this section. The area of possible ETOPS operation can then be drawn on plotting charts.
Another way to determine the maximum distance to a diversion airport is to read the
one-engine-inoperative cruise TAS (for the reference gross weight and at the FL for best TAS) in
the cruise tables (Refer to PER-OEI-GEN-05 STRATEGY) taking into consideration the appropriate
speed strategy and the minimum altitude for clearing possible obstacles. The maximum distance the
aircraft can travel to a diversion airport is this one-engine-inoperative-TAS multiplied by the maximum
allowed diversion time granted to the operator.
Operators whose authorities require that an approved one-engine-inoperative speed be published in
the Flight Manual must use this approved speed.
MMEL
The MMEL has been approved taking into consideration the duration of the average ETOPS flight
and the maximum diversion time granted to the airframe/engine combination.
The MMEL published by Airbus and approved by the EASA can be used to establish the airline MEL,
which must be approved by the operator's national authorities.
This MEL will probably be adapted to the airline network, environment and organization.
Other determining parameters will be :
• The maximum and the average diversion times on the route.
• The equipment of the enroute alternates.
• The navigation and communication facilities.
• The average meteorological conditions.
According to EASA AMC 20-6 rev 2 and FAA 121.646 for establishing the ETOPS critical fuel
reserves, the operator must consider three diversion scenarios:
‐ Pressurization Failure
Same Flight Profile as above, but all engines operating and Diversion Cruise Speed* set to LRC.
‐ Engine Failure
Same Flight Profile as above, but standard descent speed and Diversion Cruise at the FL**
appropriate to gross engine out ceiling at the selected ETOPS diversion speed.
‐ FAA Fuel Requirements
For the first two scenarios, involving depressurization, the required block fuel must be calculated
in accordance with the operator’s ETOPS fuel policy and using the regulatory ETOPS critical fuel
reserves Refer to PRO-SPO-40-30 ETOPS Critical Fuel Reserves.
Depending on the approved one-engine-inoperative speed selected for the single-engine diversion
strategy, either of these two scenarios may result in the higher fuel requirement.
The scenario resulting in the higher fuel requirement is called the ETOPS critical fuel scenario, and
the associated minimum block fuel requirement is the ETOPS critical fuel plan.
Note that, it is not necessary to calculate the 3rd scenario (engine failure), as this scenario is never
critical, due to the higher diversion flight level.
For the computation of the ETOPS critical fuel reserves and of the complete ETOPS critical fuel
planning according to EASA AMC 20-6 rev 2 and FAR 121.646, the diversion fuel must include the
following fuel provisions:
‐ Fuel burn-off from the critical point to the end of descent at the alternate airport
‐ Fuel for 15 min of holding at 1 500 ft and green dot speed at the alternate
‐ Fuel for an instrument approach and landing
‐ Fuel to account for errors in wind forecasting (5 % wind speed factor on actual forecast wind
speeds or 5 % fuel if actual forecast wind speeds are not used)
‐ Fuel to account for aircraft deterioration (use a demonstrated performance factor or 5 %)
‐ Fuel to account for any Configuration Deviation List (CDL) or MEL item
‐ Fuel to account for Icing Effects (if forecast) for the critical mission
‐ Fuel to account for APU use (only for the one-engine-inoperative scenario, if APU is operative)
WIND ERRORS
A 5 % wind speed factor (i.e. an increment to headwind or a decrement to tailwind) on the actual
forecast wind should be used to account for potential errors. However if the operator is not using
the actual forecast wind based on a wind model acceptable to the certification authorities then 5 %
of the fuel for the critical scenario is required as a reserve fuel.
ICING
The most critical scenario must be compensated for the greater of:
A. The effect of airframe icing during 10 % of the time during which icing is forecast, including ice
accumulation on unprotected surfaces, and the fuel used by engine and wing anti-ice during
this period.
B. Fuel for engine and wing anti-ice for the entire time during which icing is forecast.
Note: The ETOPS icing fuel reserve is always limited by (B)
Unless a reliable icing forecast is available, icing may be presumed to occur when the Total Air
Temperature (TAT) is less than +10 °C, or if the outside air temperature is between 0 °C and
-20 °C with a relative humidity of 55 % or more.
APU
Fuel consumption of 80 kg/h / or 176 lb/h (APU GEN ON, APU BLEED OFF).
In view of our experience, Airbus recommends that the operator includes a contingency fuel
provision from departure to the Critical Point (CP), when computing the ETOPS critical fuel
planning.
The operator must compare the entire ETOPS critical fuel planning for the ETOPS critical fuel
scenario with the standard fuel planning computed in accordance with the company fuel policy and
applicable operational requirements. The higher of the two fuel requirements must be considered as
the minimum required block fuel for the flight.
WEATHER MINIMA
Weather forecasts for en-route alternates must meet the operator’s applicable weather minimum
requirements.
This paragraph provides the applicable minima required by EASA (EU-OPS 1/ AMC 20-6 rev. 2) and
FAA (AC120-42B).
A. EASA DISPATCH WEATHER MINIMA (EU-OPS 1/ AMC 20-6 REV. 2)
An airplane cannot be dispatched unless the meteorological forecasts at ETOPS en-route
alternate airports meet the weather minima listed here for a period commencing at the earliest
potential time of landing and ending one hour after the latest expected time of landing:
Approach Type Min ETOPS Ceiling Min ETOPS Visibility
Precision approach DH/DA +200 ft Authorised visibility +800 m
Non-Precision or Circling approach MDH/MDA +400 ft Authorised visibility +1 500 m
CAT II/CAT III approach Specific approval required Specific approval required
The technical criteria governing a re-routing or diversion decision can be classified into four
categories, as follows :
‐ Loss of MNPS capability, before entering the MNPS area (as applicable).
‐ Weather minima at diversion airport(s) going below the company/crew en-route minima, before
reaching the ETOPS Entry Point, or diversion airport(s) becoming unsuitable for any reason.
‐ Failure cases requiring a diversion to the nearest airport (cases leading to a LAND ASAP message
on the ECAM and/or in the QRH).
‐ Failure cases resulting in increased fuel consumption, exceeding the available fuel reserves.
Comments and Recommendations
• Electrical generation
If one IDG fails, a diversion is required in case of :
‐ Blue hydraulic circuit low level, low air pressure or overheat, or
‐ APU no start, or
‐ APU or APU generator inoperative, or
‐ Second IDG failure.
• Fuel system
Some failure cases may lead to fuel gravity feeding which implies flight at lower altitude or to some
fuel being unusable. The flight crew's evaluation of the actual situation and the fuel remaining may
lead to the decision that a diversion is required.
• Hydraulic system :
If low level, low air pressure or overheat on blue hydraulic circuit, a diversion is required in case
of :
‐ One IDG failure, or
‐ APU no start, or
‐ APU/APU GEN failure.
• APU :
If APU/APU GEN fails, a diversion is required in case of :
‐ Blue hydraulic circuit low level, low air pressure or overheat, or
‐ One IDG failure.
Chapter PER-OEI-GEN contains three single engine descent and cruise procedures:
1. The standard strategy,
2. The obstacle strategy,
3. Fixed speed strategies (ETOPS).
For ETOPS operations, any one of the above diversion strategies can be used provided that the
selected strategy and speed schedule are used in :
• Establishing the area of operation (maximum diversion distance),
• Calculating the diversion fuel requirements for the single-engine ETOPS fuel scenario,
• Demonstrating the applicable obstacle clearance requirements (net flight path and net ceiling).
During the diversion, the flight crew is expected to use the planned speed schedule.
However, based on the evaluation of the actual situation, the pilot in command has the authority to
deviate from this planned one-engine-inoperative speed.
GENERAL
The SOP (refer to chapter PRO-NOR-SOP) and the ABNORMAL and EMERGENCY procedures
(refer to chapter PRO-ABN) to apply. For ETOPS flights, the flight crew must complete them using
the procedure (Refer to PRO-SPO-40-50 Cockpit Preparation).
COCKPIT PREPARATION
FUEL
Before each flight, the flight crew must check that the fuel crossfeed valve is operating correctly :
FUEL X FEED ..............................................................................................................................ON
On the ECAM FUEL page, check that the fuel crossfeed valve is open (indication is inline green).
FUEL X FEED............................................................................................................................. OFF
Check that the fuel crossfeed valve is closed.
GENERAL
The following computation conditions have been used in accordance with the interpretation of the
EU-OPS 1.245 and FAR 121.161:
‐ ISA conditions
‐ No wind
‐ Optimum diversion level after engine failure
‐ Single engine diversion speed schedule.
Note: Obstacles have not to be considered to determine if a route is or is not an ETOPS route.
ETOPS FUEL FROM CRITICAL POINT TO LANDING - ALL ENGINES - CRUISE AT LRC
Assumptions:
‐ Emergency descent
‐ Long range cruise at FL 100
ETOPS FUEL FROM CRITICAL POINT TO LANDING - ONE ENGINE OUT - CRUISE AT 350KT
Assumptions:
‐ Emergency descent
‐ Cruise 350 kt at FL 100
ETOPS FUEL FROM CRITICAL POINT TO LANDING - ONE ENGINE OUT - CRUISE AT 320KT
Assumptions:
‐ Emergency descent
‐ Cruise 320 kt at FL 100
‐ Final descent 250 kt
‐ Holding 15 min at FL 15
‐ IFR procedure
‐ APU fuel burn.
Not included: 5 % correction on wind value - Anti icing if icing is forecast - performance factor.
Note: The following data and graphs are for example only, and are not for operational use. Even if
the data in the following example is in “kg”, the same method can be applied for “lb”.
Assumptions:
‐ Aircraft weight at critical point: 65 000 kg
‐ Diversion speed: 320 kt
‐ Diversion time: 120 min
‐ Distance from Critical point to diversion airport: 700 nm
‐ Wind: 50 kt headwind
‐ Forecasted icing condition on diversion: 40 min
‐ Aircraft perf factor: 5 %
For the determination of the ETOPS fuel requirement, the greatest fuel quantity of the two following
scenarios must be considered (the scenario Engine failure only, without pressurization failure, is
never limiting):
1. Pressurization failure - One Engine Inoperative - 320 kt
‐ Determine the corrected wind for diversion taking into account the 5 % wind speed factor: 50 x
1.05 = 52.5 kt
‐ Enter the ETOPS Fuel from Critical Point to Landing - One Engine Out - Cruise at 320kt graph
to determine the corresponding fuel consumption: 6 900 kg
‐ Determine the final ETOPS fuel requirement, sum of perf factor fuel, icing fuel and fuel
determined the step before:
• Fuel for icing condition (Total anti-ice scenario is limiting): 3.5 % x 40 / 120 = 1.17 %
• Fuel for perf factor: 5 %
• Final ETOPS fuel requirement: 6 900 x 1.0117 x 1.05 = 7 330 kg
‐ Determine the corrected wind for diversion taking into account the 5 % wind speed factor: 50 x
1.05 = 52.5 kt
‐ Enter the ETOPS Fuel from Critical Point to Landing - All Engines - Cruise at LRC graph to
determine the corresponding fuel consumption: 6 700 kg
‐ Determine the final ETOPS fuel requirement, sum of perf factor fuel, icing fuel and fuel
determined the step before:
• Fuel for icing condition (total anti-ice scenario is limiting): 6 % x 40 / 120 = 2 %
• Fuel for perf factor: 5 %
• Final ETOPS fuel requirement: 6 700 x 1.02 x 1.05 = 7 176 kg
The final ETOPS fuel requirement for this diversion is 7 330 kg. The limiting scenario is a
pressurization failure and One Engine Out at a diversion speed of 320 kt.
The following information provides the conditions and procedures necessary in order to temporarily
operate an A318/A319/A320/A321 aircraft when a CFM56–5B Single Annular Combustor (SAC)
engine is intermixed with a CFM56–5B Double Annular Combustor (DAC) engine.
This engine intermix configuration is indicated in the cockpit with the following placard: “CAUTION:
ENGINE INTERMIX TYPE 1”.
ENGINE PARAMETERS
Engine parameters differ significantly, when the engines are at idle:
EGT : Up to 250 °C higher on the DAC engine.
FUEL FLOW : Up to 25 % higher on the DAC engine.
N1 : Higher on the DAC engine.
N2 : Lower on ground on the DAC engine; higher in flight on the DAC engine.
TAKEOFF PROCEDURE
‐ The PF must progressively adjust engine thrust in two steps:
• Step 1 : Idle to 50 % N1.
Brakes released, when the 50 % N1 is stabilized on both engines.
• Step 2 : Both engines N1 to takeoff thrust.
This procedure enables a significantly slower acceleration from ground idle to N1 = 50 % for the
double annular combustor.
‐ Other standard operating procedures apply for takeoff.
ENGINE RESPONSE
In flight, when the aircraft is in clean configuration, the DAC engine may accelerate from idle more
slowly than the SAC engine. This is particularly evident, if the acceleration follows a deceleration.
There is no significant effect on aircraft handling. This difference in engine response disappears
when the slats are extended.
ENGINE RELIGHT
The DAC engine relight envelope is more restrictive than the SAC engine relight envelope.
Therefore, in case of engine intermix, the flight crew must use the DAC engine relight procedure
with the corresponding chart (See chart below).
The following information provides the conditions and procedures necessary in order to temporarily
operate an A318/A319/A320/A321 when a CFM56–5B/P Single Annular Combustor (SAC) engine is
intermixed with a CFM56–5B/3 Tech Insertion (TI) engine.
This engine intermix configuration is indicated in the cockpit with the following placard: “CAUTION:
ENGINE INTERMIX TYPE 2”.
Note: When FADEC Standard “5BR” is installed on both engines, this is not considered an
intermix configuration and thrust behavior is harmonized. Therefore, a placard is not
necessary and is not displayed.
ENGINE PARAMETERS
In the case of only one operative pack configuration (only one pack OFF):
‐ N1 : At idle up to 9 % higher on the CFM56-5B/3 TI engine, on ground or in flight in clean
configuration.
‐ N2 : At idle up to 11 % higher on the CFM56-5B/3 TI engine, on ground or in flight in clean
configuration.
TAKEOFF PROCEDURE
In the case of only one operative pack configuration, due to the difference in N2 at idle between
engines, the following takeoff procedure is recommended:
‐ The PF progressively adjusts engine thrust in two steps:
• Step 1 : From idle to about 50 % N1 on brakes.
• Step 2 : From both engines at similar N1 to takeoff thrust after brakes release.
‐ Other standard operative procedures apply for takeoff.
ENGINE RESPONSE
In the case of only one operative pack configuration, due to the difference in N2 at idle between
engines, the CFM56–5B/3 TI engine may accelerate from idle to high thrust faster than the
CFM56–5B/P SAC engine when the aircraft is on ground or in flight in clean configuration. There is
no significant effect on aircraft handling.
The difference in engine response disappears in flight when the slats are extended.
Note: Depending on the FADEC standard, the flight crew may observe a different deceleration
between the two engines (CFM56–5B/P engine is faster to decelerate) when the aircraft
is above FL 100 and in unsymmetrical bleed configuration or with the APU BLEED ON.
GENERAL
Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) airspace is any airspace or route between FL 290
and FL 410 (inclusive), where aircraft are vertically separated by 1 000 ft, instead of 2 000 ft. The
aircraft system design complies with the design criteria of the JAA Information Leaflet N° 6, and the
FAA 91-RVSM Interim Guidance Material for RVSM operations.
The statement of RVSM capability is also indicated in the AFM.
OPERATIONAL APPROVAL
The above capability statement does not constitute an approval to fly RVSM. Operational approval
is to be granted by the Operator's national authorities, after assessment of the airline's capability to
meet RVSM requirements. The above-mentioned JAA and FAA documents also cover requirements
for obtaining operational approval.
PROCEDURES
GENERAL
The SOPs (Refer to PRO-NOR-SOP-01 Foreword) and the ABN and EMER (Refer to
PRO-ABN-01 Operational Recommendations) procedures apply. In addition, flights in RVSM
airspace must be completed by the following:
FLIGHT PREPARATION
The crew must pay particular attention to conditions that may affect operation in RVSM airspace.
These include, but may not be limited to :
Verifying that the airframe is approved for RVSM operations.
Reported and forecast weather on the flight route.
Review of maintenance logs and forms to determine the condition of equipment required for flight
in RVSM airspace. Ensure that maintenance action has been taken to correct any defects of
required equipment.
Check each PFD altitude indication (QNH reference) does not differ from the airport elevation by
more than 75 ft.
Check, on ground, that the difference between the two primary altitude indications is less than the
tolerance specified in paragraph Refer to PRO-SUP-34 Flight Instrument Tolerances - General
“Maximum Differences Between Altitude Indications”.
IN FLIGHT PROCEDURES
PRIOR TO RVSM AIRSPACE ENTRY
The above-listed equipment, for RVSM, must be operating normally. Should any of this
equipment fail prior entering the RVSM airspace, the crew must request new clearance, to avoid
flight in this airspace. The two primary altitude indications (PFD indications from the onside
ADR, or ADR 3) should be in accordance with the instrument tolerance (Refer to PRO-SUP-34
Flight Instrument Tolerances - General). If only two ADRs are operative, the altimeter indications
on the PFD and standby altimeters should be recorded. This information may be useful in case
of subsequent PFD altitude discrepancies, or the loss of both remaining ADRs.
WITHIN RVSM AIRSPACE
‐ Autopilot should be engaged within RVSM airspace for cruise and flight level changes
‐ During cleared transitions between flight levels, the aircraft should not overshoot or
undershoot the cleared flight levels by more than 150 ft
‐ At intervals of approximately one hour, check that PFD altimeter indications agree in
accordance with the instrument tolerance (Refer to PRO-SUP-34 Flight Instrument
Tolerances - General). The usual scan of flight deck instruments should be sufficient
‐ Use the transponder and the autopilot, associated with one of the ADRs which is within
tolerance.
POST FLIGHT
The crew must report any malfunction of the height-keeping systems, including the:
‐ Malfunction or loss of any required equipment
‐ Altimeter readings outside the tolerances of Refer to PRO-SUP-34 Flight Instrument Tolerances
- General, and provide sufficient details to enable maintenance to troubleshoot and repair the
system.
GENERAL
GENERAL
The aircraft navigation system, required by regulation to fly within a Required Navigation
Performance (RNP) airspace, shall comply with RNAV functionality criteria and with navigation
position accuracy and integrity criteria.
When referring to RNP-X, the value of X is the navigation accuracy expressed in NM, which has to
be met with a probability of 95 %.
An RNP value can be associated with an airspace, a route, a SID, a STAR, a RNAV approach, or
an RNAV missed approach procedure.
Depending on the RNP value, and on the airspace environment (ground radio navaid), different
navigation equipment may be necessary.
An operational approval from the airline's national authorities may be necessary.
RNP CAPABILITY
In order to match a given RNP value, the FMS-estimated position accuracy (also called Estimated
Position Error) must be better than the RNP value. Obviously, this is dependent on the FMS
navigation-updating mode (GPS/DME/DME, VORDME, or IRS).
On the MCDU PROG page, the required and the estimated position accuracy are displayed, and
determine the HIGH/LOW accuracy indication (Refer to DSC-22_20-20-20 Estimated Position
Uncertainty).
The required accuracy can be a default value, which is either a function of the flight phase, or a
navigation database procedure value, or a value manually-entered by the crew.
When flying in an RNP environment, the crew can insert the appropriate RNP value in the
REQUIRED ACCUR field of the PROG page.
In this kind of airspace, the aircraft is expected to fly for a long period of time outside radio navaid
coverage.
The minimum required equipment to enter a RNP-4/RNP-10 airspace is:
‐ Two long range navigation systems, which means:
• Two FMGC (or 1 FMGC + 1 BACK UP NAV )
• Two MCDU
• For RNP-10, one GPS if required by flight time outside radio navaid coverage. For aircraft
without GPS the flight time outside radio navaid coverage is limited. According to FAA Notice
8400.12A, this limitation is:
▪ 6.2 h since IRS ground alignment, or
▪ 5.7 h since last FM radio update.
There is no limitation for aircraft fitted with the GPS.
For RNP-4, one GPS is required.
• Two IRS
• Two NDs to display Flight Plan Data.
Refer also to Regional Supplementary Procedures of ICAO Doc 7030 for specific requirements in a
particular airspace.
PROCEDURES
Manual selection of a required accuracy on the MCDU is optional.
If manual entry of a required accuracy is desired, the flight crew must manually enter:
For RNP-10, enter 10 nm or use the radial equivalent to 10 nm XTK accuracy that is 12.2 nm.
For RNP- 4, enter 4 nm or use the radial equivalent to 4 nm XTK accuracy that is 4.9 nm.
When leaving RNP airspace revert to the default required accuracy or enter the appropriate
value.
If one of the following MCDU or ECAM messages is displayed,
check navigation with POSITION MONITOR page, ISDU or IRS 1(2)(3) pages, and GPS
MONITOR page (if GPS installed) :
• FMS1/FMS2 POS DIFF
• CHECK IRS 1(2)(3)/FM POSITION
• ECAM : FM/GPS POS DISAGREE (if GPS installed)
Use the AP, with the navigation system checked correct.
If unable to determine which system is correct, inform the ATC, and look for navaid
raw data confirmation as soon as possible.
In inertial navigation, the RNP -10 capability is maintained for 5.7 h, since the last radio update
(according to FAA Notice 8400.12A), independently of the estimated accuracy displayed on the
MCDU.
For RNP-4 with GPS PRIMARY LOST, the RNP-4 capability is maintained until NAV ACCUR
DOWNGRAD appears.
For terminal procedures requiring P-RNAV or RNP-1 capability, the flight crew can assume that the
radio navaid coverage supports the RNP-1 accuracy. Otherwise, the procedure may specify that
GPS equipment is required (refer to the published procedure chart).
The minimum equipment required to fly a P-RNAV or RNP-1 procedure is:
‐ One RNAV system, which includes:
• One FMGC
• One MCDU
• One GPS receiver, or one VOR and one DME, for FM navigation update See *
• Two IRS, and
• One FD in NAV mode.
‐ In addition:
• On the PF side : PFD and ND must be operative.
• On the PNF side : at least one of the two EFIS must be operative (to enable temporary display
of ND information through the PFD/ND switch).
*GPS may be required for RNP-1 terminal procedures.
For terminal procedures with legs below the MSA, or with legs that may not have sufficient radar
coverage, two RNAV systems may be mandated by the procedure chart.
PROCEDURES
The terminal procedure (RNAV SID, RNAV STAR, RNAV TRANSITION, ...) must be loaded from
the FM navigation database and checked for reasonableness, by comparing the waypoints, tracks,
distances and altitude constraints (displayed on the F-PLN page), with the procedure chart.
The flight crew must not modify the procedure, that is loaded from the navigation database, unless
instructed to do so by the ATC (DIR TO, radar vectoring, insertion of waypoints loaded from the
navigation database).
If GPS is required for the P-RNAV/RNP-1 procedure :
Before starting the departure/approach procedure, check that GPS PRIMARY is available
(GPS PRIMARY displayed on the MCDU PROG page).
If GPS PRIMARY is not available before starting the procedure inform the ATC, and
request another departure/arrival procedure that does not require GPS.
If GPS PRIMARY is lost while flying the procedure inform the ATC of this loss of
capability, and follow ATC instructions.
If GPS is NOT required for the P-RNAV/RNP-1 procedure :
Check that GPS PRIMARY is available (GPS PRIMARY displayed on the MCDU PROG
page).
IF GPS PRIMARY is not available:
Crosscheck the FM position with the navaid raw data, before starting the procedure.
Check or enter RNP-1 in the REQUIRED field of the MCDU PROG page, and check that
HIGH accuracy is available. When completing the terminal procedure, revert to the default
value or enter the appropriate value on the MCDU PROG page.
If one of the following messages appears,
while flying the procedure:
‐ ”NAV ACCUR DOWNGRAD” (on MCDU and ND) on both sides, or
‐ “FMS1/FMS2 POS DIFF” (on MCDU), or
‐ ”CHECK IRS 1(2)(3)/FM POSITION” (on MCDU), or
‐ ”NAV FM/GPS POS DISAGREE” (on ECAM, if GPS installed)
Then:
Inform the ATC of the loss of P-RNAV/RNP-1 capability, and follow ATC instructions.
Note: If the “NAV ACCUR DOWNGRAD” message is displayed on one side only,
navigation may be continued using the other FMGC.
RNP AR OPERATIONS
GENERAL
For RNP AR (SAAAR or equivalent) operations, the flight crew should refer to the specific
procedures published by the airline.
The airline must obtain an operational approval and the flight crew must be qualified for this type
of operations. To obtain this operational approval the airline should refer to the AFM and the
associated Airworthiness Compliance Document (ACD). The approved RNP values are given in
the AFM and the ACD.
The main procedure steps for RNP AR have been introduced in the Procedures of this FCOM and
in the paragraph below. This does not relieve the airline from the need to provide the flight crew
with tailored procedures when required.
REQUIRED EQUIPMENT
‐ 2 FMGC
‐ 2 MCDU
‐ 2 FD
‐ 2 AP
‐ 2 FAC
‐ 2 ELAC
‐ 2 SFCC
‐ 2 RA
‐ 2 PFD with L/DEV and V/DEV displays
‐ 2 ND
‐ 2 GPS (MMR)
‐ 3 ADIRS in NAV mode
‐ TAWS with display of terrain
‐ FCU with both channels
PROCEDURES
The availability of GPS PRIMARY for the estimated time of operation must be verified with an
appropriate GPS prediction tool prior to dispatch.
Prior starting an RNP AR instrument procedures, check that:
‐ OAT and wind, as applicable, are within limits
‐ All the NAVAIDS are deselected to avoid VOR/DME radio update if GPS PRIMARY is lost
‐ The FMS lateral and vertical F-PLN extracted from the navigation database is in agreement with
the instrument procedure chart
‐ Two GPS sensors are in NAV on GPS MONITOR page
‐ The correct RNP value is displayed on MCDU with HIGH accuracy
‐ GPS PRIMARY is available.
For operations with RNP < 0.3 nm, one AP must be engaged.
If obstacles, EGPWS TERRAIN display must be selected on both ND unless weather radar
monitoring is required on one side.
Airspeed and configuration must be adapted for the radius of turns in the procedure.
DEPARTURE
Before takeoff check that NAV is armed.
When NAV is indicated active on FMA and at 100 ft select AP ON.
Monitor lateral deviation using the L/DEV on PFD.
Callout must be performed when L/DEV ½ RNP or 1 dot is reached (whichever is lower).
If L/DEV increases towards 1 RNP or 2 dots (whichever is lower), take over manually using FD
and the L/DEV indication to fly back on the intended flight plan and reengage AP as applicable.
APPROACH
Refer to FCOM-PRO-NOR-SOP-APPROACH-AIRCAFT GUIDANCE MANAGEMENT-APPR
using FINAL APP for RNAV(RNP)
GO AROUND
Refer to FCOM-PRO-NOR-SOP-GO AROUND
ABNORMAL OPERATIONS
Detailed information is given in the ACD for the airline to develop contingency procedures
adapted to each operation.
The flight crew must be trained to conduct departure or missed approach procedures with
systems failures to ensure a safe extraction.
ENGINE FAILURE
In case of engine failure during departure or a missed approach procedure, the flight crew
must take into consideration the bank angle limitation when flying at a speed lower than the
maneuvering speed. Turns in the procedure may require bank angle higher than 15 °. Flying
with one engine inoperative affects the aircraft lateral performance. The crew should be trained
and instructed to disconnect AP should the aircraft deviate from the intended track. This training
must consider turning and straight legs as appropriate.
GENERAL
This chapter gives the limitations, procedures and performance for operations from/to runways with a
width below 45 m .
This chapter does not constitute an operational approval to operate on narrow runways.
Such authorization must be obtained by the operator from the appropriate authorities.
LIMITATIONS
PROCEDURES
PERFORMANCE
For runways with a width above or equal to 40 m ., the basic takeoff performance remains
unchanged.
For runways with a width below 40 m , the VMCG must be increased by the values indicated in the
following table :
Runway Width 30 m 35 m 40 m
▵ VMCG (kt) + 2.5 + 1.5 +0
No correction is required, when takeoff performance is determined by using the applicable approved
data.
The minimum V1 values, published in the Refer to PER-TOF-TOD-25-10 SPEEDS LIMITED BY
VMC, must be increased by 3 kt .
When using the takeoff performance for contaminated runways Refer to PER-TOF-CTA-10
GENERAL, or the quick reference tables (Refer to PER-TOF-TOD-40-10 INTRODUCTION), the
resulting V1 must be crosschecked with the corrected minimum V1.
Further decrease the takeoff weight by 3 t per knot increase in V1.
GENERAL
Some airlines may occasionally experience high barometric correction settings above 1 050 hPa,
or 31.0 inHg on some airfields, due to polar anticyclonic air mass conditions occuring near the polar
area during winter.
The FMS, FCU, ISIS instrument, PFD, and CPCS are capable of operating at QNH/QFE up to
1 100 hPa, or 32.48 inHg.
However, the ATC/TCAS operates only up to 1050 hPa (i.e. as long as the aircraft altitude remains
above –1000 feet standard pressure altitude).
Therefore, when using QNH, or QFE for QFE pin-programmed aircraft, for departure and arrival, the
crew should be aware of the following consequences, and should apply the following procedures.
It is necessary for the airline to obtain operational approval from its national airworthiness authorities.
CONSEQUENCES
ON THE ATC-TCAS:
For takeoff, approach and landing, the ATC altitude reporting and the TCAS TA/RA function may
generate erroneous altitude information and nuisance TCAS alerts for other aircraft, if the aircraft
standard altitude is below -1 000 ft standard pressure altitude.
To avoid this, it is recommended to set ALT RPTG to OFF when the QNH exceeds 1 050 hPa, and
to inform the ATC. As a consequence the TCAS reverts to STBY mode.
PROCEDURES
FOR DEPARTURE
Before takeoff:
SET the ATC “ALT RPTG” to OFF (the TCAS reverts to STBY mode).
INFORM the ATC.
After takeoff:
SET the ATC “ALT RPTG” to ON above 1 000 ft QNH, when time permits.
FOR APPROACH/LANDING
Before the final approach:
SET the ATC “ALT RPTG” to OFF (the TCAS reverts to STBY mode).
INFORM the ATC.
GENERAL
ILS Precision Runway Monitoring (PRM) approaches can be performed when the airport is equipped
with the PRM system. This system enables the ATC to control simultaneous close parallel ILS
approaches. The air traffic controllers use the PRM system to monitor the flight path of aircraft that
fly parallel approaches. They can check that aircraft do not penetrate the Non Transgression Zone
(NTZ) located between the two localizers. If an aircraft penetrates this NTZ, the ATC orders the other
parallel aircraft to breakout.
REQUIREMENTS
BREAKOUT PROCEDURE
‐ When the ATC orders so, the breakout is mandatory for the flight safety, considering adjacent
aircraft position and trajectory. It requires an immediate response.
‐ Breakout must be hand-flown
‐ Breakout orders always include a turn order, and a “climb” or “descent” order depending on what is
the most suitable.
Then
HDGxxx....................................................................................................................... TURN & PULL
The GA TRK mode disengages, and the HDG mode engages.
ALTyyy........................................................................................................................ TURN & PULL
The SRS GA mode disengages, and the OP CLB mode engages. The speed target becomes the
FMS speed target of the CLIMB phase.
SPEED............................................................................................................... PULL AND ADJUST
For the initial breakout procedure, adjust the speed (e.g. 160 kt), in order to avoid an important
acceleration, and an increase of workload.
When established on the breakout path:
AP............................................................................................................................................ON
Before engaging the AP, ensure that the FD bar orders approximately correspond to the
aircraft current path.
SPEED..........................................................................................................SELECT AS RQRD
FLAPS..........................................................................................................................AS RQRD
GEAR........................................................................................................................... AS RQRD
TCAS MODE SEL..............................................................................................................TA/RA
Then
HDGxxx....................................................................................................................... TURN & PULL
The HDG mode engages. The vertical mode reverts to V/S. The vertical speed target is the aircraft
vertical speed at V/S engagement.
ALTyyy........................................................................................................................ TURN & PULL
This action defines an altitude target. The OP DES mode and the THR IDLE mode engage. The
speed target does not change.
V/S......................................................................................................................................MONITOR
CAUTION Depending on the speed target, the vertical speed may become excessive. If the
rate of descent exceeds 1 000 ft/min, engage the V/S mode and limit the rate of
descent to 1 000 ft/min.
When established on the breakout path:
AP............................................................................................................................................ON
Before engaging the AP, ensure that the FD bar orders approximately correspond to the
aircraft current path.
When cleared by ATC:
ALTyyy................................................................................................................................ TURN
Select an altitude target for go-around, in accordance with the ATC clearance.
THR LEVERS...........................................................................................TOGA and back to CL
The SRS GA and GA TRK modes engage. The THR CLB mode engages. The speed
is managed. The speed target is the aircraft speed at SRS GA engagement. The FMS
GO-AROUND phase becomes active.
HDGxxx .............................................................................................................................. PULL
The GA TRK mode disengages, and the HDG mode engages. The SRS GA mode remains
engaged, until ALT* engagement.
SPEED..........................................................................................................SELECT AS RQRD
FLAPS..........................................................................................................................AS RQRD
GEAR........................................................................................................................... AS RQRD
TCAS MODE SEL..............................................................................................................TA/RA
PROCEDURES
SUPPLEMENTARY PROCEDURES
Intentionally left blank
PROCEDURES
SUPPLEMENTARY PROCEDURES
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
PRO-SUP-22-20-20 FG Specificities
Left Turn Not Expected while in HDG or TRK Mode..............................................................................................A
PRO-SUP-23 Communications
VHF, HF Utilization.................................................................................................................................................. A
CAPT- ATT CALL.................................................................................................................................................... B
FROZEN RMP......................................................................................................................................................... C
SATCOM..................................................................................................................................................................D
Continued on the following page
PRO-SUP-25 Equipment
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
Cockpit Door Operation........................................................................................................................................... B
Opening the Cockpit Door from the Cabin - Cabin Crew Routine Access............................................................. C
PRO-SUP-34 Navigation
Procedures for Tuning Standby Navigation Radios................................................................................................ A
Automatic Identification of ADF/VOR/ILS................................................................................................................B
Weather Radar........................................................................................................................................................ C
Flight Instrument Tolerances...................................................................................................................................D
ADIRS Operation..................................................................................................................................................... E
TCAS........................................................................................................................................................................ F
Approach on PAPI or TVASI.................................................................................................................................. G
Insertion of Approach Minima................................................................................................................................. H
Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System (EGPWS)........................................................................................ I
PRO-SUP-80 Miscellaneous
Pushback with Power Push Unit Via the Main Landing Gear.................................................................................A
PRO-SUP-92-20 iPad
Introduction...............................................................................................................................................................A
General.....................................................................................................................................................................B
Tasksharing..............................................................................................................................................................C
GENERAL
CHARACTERISTIC SPEEDS
The characteristic speeds displayed on the PFD are computed by the Flight Augmentation Computer
(FAC), according to aerodynamic data.
VLS (of normal landing configuration: CONF 3 or FULL), F, S and Green Dot speeds are also
displayed on the MCDU TAKEOFF and/or APPR pages.
These values are computed by the FMGC, based on the aircraft gross weight (which is computed
according to the entered ZFW and the FOB), or the predicted gross weight (for approach or
go-around).
VS : Stalling speed.
Not displayed.
For a conventional aircraft, the reference stall speed, VSmin, is based on a load factor
that is less than 1 g. This gives a stall speed that is lower than the stall speed at 1 g. All
operating speeds are expressed as functions of this speed (for example, VREF = 1.3
VSmin).
Because aircraft of the A320 family have a low-speed protection feature (alpha limit) that
the flight crew cannot override, Airworthiness Authorities have reconsidered the definition of
stall speed for these aircraft.
All the operating speeds must be referenced to a speed that can be demonstrated by flight
tests. This speed is designated VS1g.
Airworthiness Authorities have agreed that a factor of 0.94 represents the relationship
between VS1g for aircraft of the A320 family and VSmin for conventional aircraft types. As a
result, Authorities allow aircraft of the A320 family to use the following factors :
V2 = 1.2 × 0.94 VS1g = 1.13 VS1g
VREF = 1.3 × 0.94 VS1g = 1.23 VS1g
These speeds are identical to those that the conventional 94 % rule would have defined for
these aircraft. The A318, A319, A320 and A321 have exactly the same maneuver margin
that a conventional aircraft would have at its reference speeds.
The FCOM uses VS for VS1g.
PROTECTION SPEEDS
Vα PROT, Vα MAX and VSW are computed by the FAC, based on aerodynamic data. They are only
used for display on the PFD, and not for flight control protection (the activation of the protections is
computed by the ELAC).
LIMIT SPEEDS
OTHER SPEEDS
V1 : The highest speed, during takeoff, at which the flight crew has a choice
between continuing the takeoff or stopping the aircraft.
Represented by “1” on the airspeed scale (or the V1 value when it is off the
airspeed scale).
Inserted manually through the MCDU by the flight crew at the latest.
Displayed on the MCDU TAKEOFF page.
VR : The speed at which the pilot rotates in order to reach V2 at an altitude of 35 ft at
the latest after an engine failure.
Inserted manually through the MCDU by the flight crew.
Displayed on the MCDU TAKEOFF page.
V2 : Takeoff safety speed that the aircraft attains at the latest at an altitude of 35 ft
with one engine failed, and maintains during the second segment of the takeoff.
Represented by the SPEED SELECT symbol on the speed scale.
Minimum value equal to 1.13 VS for the corresponding configuration.
Inserted manually through the MCDU by the flight crew.
Displayed on the MCDU TAKEOFF page.
VREF : Reference speed used for normal final approach.
Equal to 1.23 × VS of CONF FULL.
Displayed on the MCDU APPR page, if landing is planned in CONF FULL (VLS
CONF FULL).
VAPP : Final approach speed.
Displayed on MCDU APPR page.
Calculated by the FMGCs.
Represents : VAPP = VLS + wind correction
The wind correction is limited to a minimum of 5 kt and a maximum of 15 kt.
The flight crew may modify VAPP through the MCDU.
‐ During autoland or when A/THR is on or in case of ice accretion or gusty
crosswind greater than 20 kt, VAPP must not be lower than VLS +5 kt.
AIR CONDITIONING
An external HP source may be used for air conditioning, provided the air supply is confirmed to be
free from oil contamination.
FM RESET
When the FM software cannot work properly or receives instructions to perform impossible
operations, it automatically resets itself. A resynchronization with the other FM always follows.
When the reset is a minor one, the system will recover by itself. One single reset lasts 2 to 3 s
maximum followed by 25 s of resynchronization.
When the reset is a major one:
‐ Resets recur at short intervals (several in 2 or 3 min)
‐ The memories are cleared, leading to the loss of F-PLN, GW, CI, CRZ FL, MCDU-entered
speeds and NAVAIDs and to database switching.
Note: If three dual FM resets occur in 2 min, pilot-entered data is lost. If a dual reset is
identified, it is recommended that the flight crew does not perform again the last MCDU
actions for 1 min (in order to avoid a potential second dual reset, leading to the loss of
pilot-entered data).
FM RESYNCHRONIZATION
An FM resynchronization automatically occurs after an FM reset but it may occur independently
each time self comparisons between FM1 and FM2 reveal discrepancies.
One single resynchronization lasts approximately 25 s.
If 5 several resynchronizations occur within 5 min, independent mode commences.
SINGLE LATCH
If five successive resets occur, the failing FMGC will latch, and single mode operation will start.
While failed, the following occurs:
‐ On the ND usually associated with the failed FMGC:
If the NDs are not both in the same mode or range, the associated ND displays “MAP NOT
AVAIL” and “SET OFFSIDE RNG/MODE”. If the NDs are in the same mode and range, the
associated ND displays the “OFFSIDE FM CONTROL” amber message
‐ The MCDU reverts to the MENU PAGE and shows an “FMGC TIME OUT” prompt
‐ If the AP and FD were previously engaged on the failed side, the AP and FD disengage and
the right-hand column of the FMA shows that the operating FD is offside. The ECAM displays
the “AP OFF” warning, and the master warning light and audio remind the pilot of the AP
disengagement.
‐ All functions are restored on the operative side.
PROCEDURE
Select the same range and mode on both NDs to give the failed ND side something to display.
Select any function key on the affected FMGC MCDU. (The page will display “OPP FMGC IN
PROGRESS”).
Both MCDUs are now driven by the other FMGC, and only one AP/FD is available. The system
works in SINGLE Mode.
Perform a manual reset of the failed FMGC, when convenient.
PROCEDURE
When the system has recovered:
SELECT the initial database.
SELECT DIR TO the required downpath waypoint.
SELECT LAT REV at the downpath waypoint, and redefine the DESTINATION.
SELECT the FUEL PRED page, and enter GW.
SELECT the PROG page, and enter CRZ FL.
SELECT the PERF page, and enter CI.
CHECK or reengage (as appropriate) the relevant speed/Mach target and vertical mode.
Redefine the flight plan for the remainder of the flight, as the opportunity presents itself.
If both “MAP NOT AVAIL” and “SET OFFSIDE RNG/MODE” remain displayed on one ND, or if
“OFFSIDE FM CONTROL” remains displayed, temporarily SELECT a different mode or range
on the corresponding EFIS control panel.
PERFORM a NAV accuracy check, when possible.
A manual FM position update should be considered, if MIX IRS and actual positions differ by
more than 20 nm.
DUAL LATCH
‐ Both FMGCs are inoperative. FM and FG capability are lost
‐ Both NDs display “MAP NOT AVAILABLE”. NAVAID tuning is not performed
‐ AP/FD, A/THR are lost
‐ FMGC (TIME OUT) subsystem page is displayed on both MCDUs
‐ The following messages are displayed on the ECAM:
“CAB PR LDG ELEV FAULT”
“AUTO FLT AP OFF”, if AP was engaged
“AUTO FLT A/THR OFF”, if A/THR was engaged.
PROCEDURE
FLY raw data.
TUNE necessary NAVAIDs using the RMPs.
PERFORM a manual reset of both FMGCs.
If successful, refer to dual reset with loss of data and auto recovery:
Note: A recovery will result in the loss of all pilot-entered data.
If unsuccessful:
FLY raw data.
ERRONEOUS PREDICTIONS
The FMGS may display temporary erroneous predictions that can affect such data as ECON
speed/Mach, optimum flight level, fuel or time predictions.
If erroneous predictions are observed:
ON GROUND, OR IN FLIGHT
Check the cruise temperature (sign and value), the gross weight, and the cruise flight level.
REENTER the same cost index to restart a computation (In descent or approach, a cost index
change does not restart a computation), or
MAKE a COPY ACTIVE, then activate the secondary, or
MAKE a DIR TO the “TO” waypoint.
PROCEDURE
PULL the CB for the locked or blank MCDU, and PUSH it back in after 10 s.
Note: During a RESET/RESYNC, if the crew presses a key while the scratchpad is showing
“PLEASE WAIT”, there is no change at the MCDU level. This is normal, and the pilot
should not respond by pulling the MCDU CB.
PROCEDURE
PRESS the “SOFTWARE STATUS/XLOAD” key, on the field [6R].
The P/N STATUS page appears.
SELECT “P/N STATUS” page 3.
The navigation database part numbers are displayed.
PRESS “START XLOAD” key, on the field [4L].
PRESS “CONFIRM” key on the field [6R].
Crossloading is initiated and “XLOAD IN PROCESS” is displayed on both MCDUs.
Note: If flight phase transitions from PREFLIGHT or DONE while crossload is in process,
the crossload is aborted. If crossload is unsuccessful “CROSSLOAD ABORTED” is
displayed on both MCDU’s scratchpad. This message is also displayed following a
failed or incomplete data base loader operation.
Upon successful completion of the crossload, “CROSSLOAD COMPLETE” message is
displayed on each MCDUs scratchpad. A RESYNCH occurs and both MCDUs return to the
AIRCRAFT STATUS page.
For the F-PLN legs belonging to an ILS approach, the FMS incorrectly uses its own Magnetic
Variation table instead of the Magnetic Variation of the ILS associated to the approach (coded in the
Navigation Data Base). This misbehaviour occurs when the Navaid used for the ILS approach is a
DME.
In some cases, it may happen that magnetic variation of the airport differs by a few degrees from the
ILS navaid. Thus, the FMS F-PLN does not match with the actual beam of the ILS beam.
When the ILS approach is coded with successive legs, these legs may also appear as not matching
with intermediate approach waypoint.
For all approaches affected by this behaviour, the FMS will display an incorrect trajectory on ND for
the LS approach. The guidance would also be wrong if the approach legs are flown in NAV instead of
LOC mode.
During pre-flight, when a destination airport exists but the FMS does not compute predictions,
amber boxes are displayed in the MCDU field ETA of the predicitve GPS page. When the flight crew
manually enters an ETA, the value should be displayed in large cyan font.
With the current H2 standard, the FMS does not take into account the manual entry of an ETA (field
1R) for the destination (DEST, field 1L).
The FMS validates the manual entry only when an ETA is already computed by the FMS, when
predictions are available (necessary conditions to have some predictions are : entry of a GW, CRZ
FL, CI and F-PLN).
This anomaly does not impact the ETA of the WPT field (3L and 3R). An ETA can be entered in the
field 3L even if no predictions are computed.
When a Flight Plan (F-PLN) uplink is performed, if the uplinked F-PLN is inserted as the active
F-PLN but does not contain a Flight Number, the previously entered Flight Number is erased. In such
a case, the flight crew needs to re-enter the correct Flight Number on the INIT A page.
The loss or the failure of an Inertial Reference System (IRS) could result in the loss of the FMS
position with the following cockpit effects :
‐ MAP NOT AVAIL GPS, PRIMARY LOST displayed on ND
‐ The DIR TO page is unavailable on both MCDU
‐ During approach, transient ATHR thrust variations at autopilot disconnection (Only applicable in
case of IR 1 FAULT).
Technical explanation :
The FMS needs valid data from the IRS in order to compute a position.
The FMS checks the IRS data with a specific parameter coming from the Flight Guidance (FG)
part of the FMGC. When an IRS is lost or off (dispatched inoperative), the onside FG erroneously
indicates to the FMS that the IRS DATA is still valid.
As a result, the FMS position is lost on the same side than the IRS inoperative (IRS1 for FMS1 and
IRS for FMS2). The manual switching on IRS 3 (ATT HDG on CAPT 3 or F/O 3) does not enable to
recover the data.
PROCEDURE:
In case of an IR x FAULT ECAM warning in flight with the above mentioned cockpit effects, apply
the following procedure :
De-activate (do not perform a reset) the FMS on the same side than the IRS inoperative :
DESCRIPTION:
If the flight plan has two altitude constraints for the descent, the flight crew may notice erroneous
FMS fuel predictions.
EXPLANATION
If the flight plan has two altitude constraints for the descent, the FMS may define a geometric
segment between both altitude constraints. If there is a deceleration required within the
geometric segment, the FMS may consider that the geometric segment is too steep to fly without
speedbrakes. In this case, the FMS tags the entire geometric segment as a speedbrake segment :
The FMS assumes that during the entire segment half of the speedbrakes are extended, even for
the parts where no deceleration is planned. As a consequence, the FMS will predict an increased
thrust for the entire geometric segment. This may lead to erroneous fuel predictions. (a long
geometric segment (e.g. above 100 nm) may lead to an error of 1.5 t for the fuel prediction at
destination).
Note: When flying the geometric segment, the predictions become better as the aircraft
approaches the end of the geometric segment, and turn back to normal when the aircraft
has sequenced the second altitude constraint.
PROCEDURE:
If the flight crew suspects this behavior in preflight, or during the flight, they can delete and enter
again one altitude constraint in descent and compare the fuel predictions of the flight plan with and
without the geometric segment. This allows the flight crew to evaluate the impact of the geometric
segment on the fuel predictions.
It is not recommended to permanently delete altitude constraints that are stored in the navigation
database.
An anomaly could be experienced when the RTA (Requested Time of Arrival) function is used.
The MCDU and the PFD could suddenly display an erroneous speed target at the transition altitude
when a RTA is entered and if the flight crew performs an action (Vapp entry or altitude constraint
modification) that causes a F-PLN profile recomputation.
This scenario could also occur if the flight crew has inserted a RTA and then deleted this RTA (the
FMS may erroneously retain the RTA target).
Some cases could happen while the aircraft is in descent (DES mode) in managed speed. This
speed target change is significant at high altitude if the RTA speed target is lower than the speed
target used before the beginning of the descent.
PROCEDURE
If an erroneous speed target is displayed at high altitude, the flight crew can manually select a
speed to continue the descent.
An AP disconnection or a reversion to the V/S mode may occur when the aircraft reaches an altitude
constraint in the CLB or DES mode. The following are two situations in which this behavior may
occur.
Situation 1: The aircraft is above the vertical profile.
When the aircraft is not on the vertical profile, the FMS makes assumptions in order to compute the
FMS predictions. For example, if the aircraft flies in selected speed, the FMS considers an immediate
return to managed speed.
These assumptions can result in FMS predictions that are not consistent with the real trajectory of
the aircraft. Therefore, the FMS may not anticipate the need to level off, when the FCU selected
altitude is above the altitude constraint in climb or below the altitude constraint in descent.
However, the FMS requests the ALT CST* mode, when the aircraft reaches the altitude constraint, in
order to level off and comply with the altitude constraint.
Due to problem of communication between the FMS and the FG, the FMGC may unduly revert to
the V/S mode. The FWC triggers a triple-click aural warning , and the aircraft goes beyond the
altitude constraint.
OPERATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS
Understand your FMA at all times.
If the AP disconnects, or if the FMGC reverts to the V/S mode:
Adjust the vertical speed or level off in order to comply with the altitude constraint.
In case there is no NAVAID in the flight plan, nor any recommended NAVAID coded in the inserted
procedure, the FMS may not automatically tune the expected Terminal or Low Altitude VOR/DME or
VOR/TACAN.
The FMS may not automatically tune the expected NAVAID, if the aircraft is above 12 000 ft for a
Terminal VOR/DME or VOR/TACAN, and above 18 000 ft for a Low Altitude NAVAID.
As a consequence, the ND and the MCDU RAD NAV page may not display the NAVAID information.
OPERATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS
If the flight crew encounters the misbehavior during the flight, the flight crew can manually tune the
expected VOR/DME or VOR/TACAN to recover the display on the ND.
As a manual tuning overrides any automatic tuning, the flight crew must clear the manual tuning,
when the NAVAID is no longer required, in order to revert to the automatic NAVAID tuning.
During the FMS climb phase, if the flight crew selects an altitude on the FCU that is above the Cruise
Flight Level (CRZ FL) displayed on the PROG page, the altitude selected on the FCU becomes the
new CRZ FL.
If this new CRZ FL is at or above the altitude of a Step Climb of the flight plan, the FMS automatically
deletes the Step Climb. The FMS displays the "STEP DELETED" message.
As the optimum target speeds (ECON CLIMB speed/Mach and ECON CRUISE speed/Mach) depend
on the CRZ FL, the FMS should immediately update the ECON CLIMB speed/Mach and the ECON
CRUISE speed/Mach.
Due to a FMS misbehavior, the FMS may not correctly manage the automatic deletion of the Step
Climb when the CRZ FL is automatically set to the altitude selected on the FCU. The FMS may not
update the ECON CLIMB speed/Mach and the ECON CRUISE speed/Mach accordingly.
If the ECON CRUISE speed/Mach was not correctly updated, the FMS updates the ECON CRUISE
speed/Mach when the aircraft reaches the new CRZ FL. However the FMS updates the ECON
CRUISE speed/Mach with a rate of 0.01 Mach/min, in order to avoid a sudden increase of the
speed target. Therefore the aircraft may take several minutes to reach the new ECON CRUISE
speed/Mach.
OPERATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS
If the flight crew suspects this misbehavior during the flight:
REENTER the Cruise Flight Level (CRZ FL) on the PROG page, or the Cost Index (CI) on the
PERF page, in order to activate an immediate update of the optimum target speeds (ECON CLIMB
speed/Mach and ECON CRUISE speed/Mach).
During approach, the FMS may guide the aircraft along a specific track instead of along the
F-PLN with NAV mode green on the FMA, because of the LOC Convergence function (Refer to
DSC-22_30-80-30-10 Precision Approach Modes - APPR Mode ).
The logics of the LOC Convergence function is as follows:
If NAV mode is engaged, and LOC mode is armed,
and
The aircraft is within 20 nm of the destination runway,
and
The difference between the aircraft track and the QFU is less than 20 °.
The aircraft is guided with a converging track of 20 ° from the LOC axis.
The NAV mode remains engaged. However the aircraft no longer follows the F-PLN, but
converges towards the LOC axis.
If the difference between the aircraft track and the QFU becomes more than 20 ° when the
LOC Convergence function is active:
The FMS deactivates the LOC Convergence function, and the aircraft follows back the F-PLN.
It may lead to slight oscillations, since the FMS may successively activate and deactivate the
LOC Convergence function.
OPERATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS
If the flight crew considers that the LOC Convergence function may affect the guidance
along the F-PLN trajectory in NAV mode:
On the intercept trajectory for the LOC axis, the flight crew should push the APPR pb (or the
LOC pb-sw) when appropriate.
If the flight crew detects that the aircraft does not follow the intended trajectory:
The flight crew should revert to HDG/TRK mode, and intercept the LOC axis with the
HDG/TRK mode engaged and the LOC mode armed.
FG Specificities
The AP/FD may erroneously order a left turn if the following conditions are fulfilled:
‐ The aircraft is in a right turn in HDG or TRK mode
‐ Within 180 ms, the difference between the target selected on the FCU and the current aircraft
heading/track, initially above 85 °:
1. First goes below 85 °
2. Then goes above 95 °.
The flight crew may encounter this misbehavior in two different situations:
‐ The flight crew requests a right turn, then rapidly reduces and increases again the target selected
on the FCU
‐ The flight crew increases the target selected on the FCU according to the above conditions, while
the aircraft is already in a right turn.
The misbehavior may affect either one AP/FD or both AP/FD.
OPERATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS:
The flight crew must immediately take appropriate actions:
‐ The flight crew must disconnect the AP and the FD, and manually turn.
‐ When established on the intended trajectory, the flight crew can reengage the FD first, and then
the AP.
VHF, HF UTILIZATION
Note: 1. Reception of some frequencies could be noisy, on one or more VHFs. In such cases, try
selecting an unaffected one.
2. If two frequencies are closer than 2 MHz (between VHF1 and 2, or between VHF3 and
2), or closer than 6 MHz (between VHF1 and 3), some interference may occur.
TUNING
The pilot should normally use his onside RMP to tune any one of the VHF or HF radios. If the SEL
lights come on, when tuning the radio, the pilot should turn them off by selecting the appropriate
radio system dedicated to his RMP.
PROCEDURE FOR CALLING ATT STATION WHEN PREVIOUS CALL HAS NOT BEEN RESET
If, after a call from cockpit to the attendant’s station, the attendant does not press the RESET key
on the attendant’s panel, the pilot must use the following procedure to call the station :
CAB transmission key (on audio control panel)..................................................................... PRESS
Green lines light up.
INT/RAD (on ACP)................................................................ MAINTAIN IN RAD POSITION for 2 s.
Wait 60 s for automatic cancellation of previous CAPT-ATT calls, then :
CAB transmission key............................................................................................................ PRESS
Note: This procedure will no longer be necessary after the introduction of CIDS Mark II
standard, which includes a function to reset the system automatically after 60 s if no one
has pressed the RESET key.
FROZEN RMP
A frozen RMP can be evidenced by the impossibility to interchange the ACTIVE and STBY radio
navigation or communication frequencies.
In order to recover the normal operation of the RMP, all the RMP’s have to be reset, as the problem
on one RMP can be due to an other RMP.
PROCEDURE
All the RMP’s have to be resetted, one after the other.
On the RMP control panel :
ON/OFF switch......................................................................................................................OFF
Wait 5 s then.
ON/OFF switch........................................................................................................................ON
SATCOM
This chapter explains how to use the different Satellite Communication (SATCOM) functions for
Cockpit air to ground or ground to air communications.
Due to highly customized programming, the SATCOM functions may vary for different airlines. This
description is, therefore, given only as an example.
PRESS the slew up or down keys on the MCDU keyboard to select the priority (The default
priority is NON-SAFETY).
PRESS 4L to modify the SATCOM channel (after having entered the desired SATCOM
channel in the scratchpad).
ENTER the phone number in the scratchpad and PRESS 2L.
PRESS 1 R (after having entered the desired SATCOM channel in the scratchpad) to modify
the SATCOM channel.
PRESS the key (1L, 2L, 3L, 4L or 5L) facing the required phone number.
The MCDU then automatically switches to the SATCOM MAIN MENU page where the title (of
the selected phone number) is displayed. READY TO CONNECT is displayed in front of the
selected SATCOM channel.
CALL INITIATION
Once all information, regarding the phone number, is entered in the MCDU, the crew uses the
ACP to initiate the SATCOM call.
On the SATCOM MAIN MENU page :
CHECK 2L or 4L field displays the phone number.
CHECK the availability of the relevant SATCOM channel.
Note: The SATCOM channel, used to initiate the call, is displayed above the phone number.
On the ACP, PRESS the SAT 1(2) transmission key, corresponding to the selected SATCOM
channel.
On the ACP, the green lines on the SAT1 (2) transmission key flash. On the MCDU SATCOM
MAIN MENU page, the DIALING indication replaces the READY TO CONNECT indication in
front of SAT1 (2). When the call is established on the ACP, the green lines on the SAT1 (2)
transmission key become steady. On the MCDU SATCOM MAIN MENU page, CONNECTED
indication replaces the DIALING indication in front of SAT1 (2).
PROCEED as with a VHF or HF call.
COCKPIT GROUND TO AIR TRANSMISSION
The amber lines of the ACP SAT1 (2) transmission key will flash when there is incoming call.
When the incoming call has Priority 1, 2, or 3, an aural alert will sound and the ECAM will
simultaneously display a SATCOM ALERT memo in green.
PRESS the SAT1 (2) transmission key to establish the communication.
On the ACP, the green lines on the SAT1 (2) transmission key become steady. On the MCDU
SATCOM MAIN MENU page, the CONNECTED indication replaces the DIALING indication in
front of SAT1 (2).
PROCEED as for a VHF or HF call.
HOLD FUNCTION
If the crew selects another radio communication (HF or VHF) when a SATCOM call is established,
the SATCOM audio transmission is temporarily interrupted.
On the ACP :
‐ The green lines on the SAT1 (2) transmission key flash.
‐ The green lines on the selected radio (HF or VHF) transmission key come on.
To recover the SATCOM call : On the ACP, the crew reselects the same radio (HF or VHF) or the
SAT1 (2) transmission key. This terminates the radio call.
CALL TERMINATION
AIR TO GROUND CALL
PRESS the corresponding SAT1 (2) transmission key on the ACP.
The green lines on the selected SAT1 (2) transmission key go out.
After 3 s , the call is terminated.
If the SATCOM call is on HOLD, the crew has to cancel the HOLD before terminating the call.
In flight, do not reengage a circuit breaker (C/B) that has tripped by itself, unless the Captain judges it
necessary to do so for the safe continuation of the flight. This procedure should be adopted only as a
last resort, and only one reengagement should be attempted.
On ground, do not reengage the C/B of the fuel pump(s) of any tank. For all other C/Bs, if the flight
crew coordinates the action with maintenance, the flight crew may reengage a tripped C/B, provided
that the cause of the tripped C/B is identified.
COMPUTER RESET
The normal purpose of a circuit breaker (C/B) is to protect wiring against short circuits, and to isolate
equipment for maintenance.
Another C/B function involves digital computers : The reset function. When a digital computer
behaves abnormally due to an electrical transient, for example, the abnormal behavior can be
stopped by briefly interrupting the power supply to its processor.
The flight crew can reset most of this aircraft’s computers with a normal cockpit control (selector
or pushbutton). However, for some systems, the only way to cut off electrical power is to pull the
associated C/B.
PROCEDURE
To perform a computer reset:
‐ Set the related normal cockpit control to OFF, or pull the corresponding circuit breaker
‐ Wait 3 s if a normal cockpit control is used, or 5 s if a circuit breaker is used (unless a different
time is indicated)
‐ Set the related normal cockpit control to ON, or push the corresponding circuit breaker
‐ Wait 3 s for the end of the reset.
WARNING Do not reset more than one computer at the same time, unless instructed to do
so.
Note: In flight, before taking any action on the cockpit C/Bs, both the PF and PNF must:
‐ Consider and fully understand the consequences of taking action
‐ Crosscheck and ensure that the C/B label corresponds to the affected system.
Specific reset procedures, included in OEB or Temporary revisions, are normally not referenced in
this table and, when issued, superseed this table.
Note: Repetitive resets have to be reported to maintenance.
‐ On ground, almost all computers can be reset, and are not limited to the ones indicated in the
table.
Following computers are not allowed to be reset in all circumstances:
• ECU (Engine Control Unit on CFM engines) or EEC (Electronic Engine Control on IAE
engines) and EIU (Engine Interface Unit) while the engine is running.
• BSCU (Brake Steering Control Unit) if the aircraft is not stopped. (Refer to PRO-SUP-24
Computer Reset Table - 32 - Landing Gear ).
‐ In flight, as a general rule, the crew must restrict computer resets to those listed in the table, or
to those in applicable TRs or OEBs. Before taking any action on other computer the flight crew
must consider and fully understand the consequences.
CAUTION Do not pull the following circuit breakers:
‐ SFCC (could lead to SLATS/FLAPS locked)
‐ ECU or EEC, EIU.
Note: In the table’s “reset” column, the “if applicable” note signifies that, depending on the
computer standard, the reset procedure may no longer be necessary. If this is the case,
the reset procedure is removed from the applicable FCOM section.
System malfunction or
ATA Affected system Reset
ECAM warning/caution
VENT AVNCS SYS FAULT AEVC
On ground only:
21 ‐ Pull C/B Y 17 on 122VU.
‐ Wait 1 s before pushing the C/B.
VENT AVNCS SYS FAULT AEVC
On ground only:
‐ Pull C/B Y 17 on 122VU.
‐ Wait 1 s before pushing the C/B.
AIR PACK 1(2) REGUL FAULT ACSC
On ground only:
21 ‐ Pull C/B W21 and W22 on 122VU.
‐ Pull C/B X21 and X22 on 122VU.
‐ Pull C/B Y18, Y20 and Y21 on 122VU.
‐ Pull C/B D8 on 49VU.
‐ Wait 5 s before pushing all the C/Bs.
Continued on the following page
GENERAL
The secured cockpit door operation is controlled by a toggle sw, located on the COCKPIT DOOR
central pedestal.
DOOR OPENING FROM THE COCKPIT
To allow access the cockpit, the COCKPIT DOOR has to be pulled and maintained in the
UNLOCK position until the door is fully opened (once the door is fully opened it can be released to
the NORM position).
DOOR CLOSING
Close the door and check that the OPEN indicator goes off. If the toggle sw is in the NORM
position the door is locked and emergency access is possible for the cabin crew. If the toggle sw is
in the LOCK position the door is locked and the emergency access, the buzzer and the keypad are
inhibited for a preselected time (5 to 20 min).
Note: If the OPEN indicator is on with the door closed, the door may be unlocked. Repeat the
above opening/closing sequence.
This procedure should be applied, if local Airworthiness Authorities require that the cockpit door
remain closed throughout the entire flight.
Note: If the flight crew does not take any action after a routine cabin request, the cabin
crew will be able to open the door by using the emergency access procedure.
If EMERGENCY ACCESS is initiated from the cabin:
The buzzer will sound continuously in the cockpit, and the OPEN light flashes on the center
pedestal’s cockpit door panel.
Note: If the flight crew does not take any action, the door will unlock after a preselected
time between 15 and 120 s.
COCKPIT DOOR sw.......................................................................................................... LOCK
When the situation in the cockpit permits, the flight crew should identify the person requesting
entry, prior to unlocking the door.
If entry is authorized by the flight crew:
COCKPIT DOOR sw...............................................................................................UNLOCK
OPENING THE COCKPIT DOOR FROM THE CABIN - CABIN CREW ROUTINE ACCESS
If there is no reaction from the flight crew, after a cabin crew interphone call:
CABIN CREW........................ APPLY THE FOLLOWING EMERGENCY ACCESS PROCEDURE
EMERGENCY ENTRY CODE......................................................................ENTER and PRESS #
The emergency entry code is an Operator-defined figure between 2 and 7 digits. A buzzer will
sound continuously in the cockpit and the keypad’s green light flashes. After a preselected time
between 15 s and 120 s, the keypad’s green light comes on steady, and the cabin crew can then
push the door open.
CABIN CREW...........................................................................................PUSH DOOR TO OPEN
The cockpit door unlocks for 5 s.
The buzzer stops and indicates that the door is unlocked.
GENERAL
The fly-by-wire system has been designed and certificated to make the new generation of aircraft
more cost effective and safer and smoother to fly or ride in than a conventional aircraft.
GENERAL
The pilot uses the sidestick to fly the aircraft in pitch and roll (and indirectly, through turn
coordination, in yaw).
The computers interpret the pilot’s inputs and move the control surfaces as necessary.
However, regardless of the pilot’s inputs the computers will prevent :
‐ excessive load factor
‐ loss of control leading to excursions outside the safe flight envelope.
At ground speeds below 70 kt, the sidesticks have full authority over the controls in pitch and roll to
permit control checks.
At ground speeds above 70 kt, the authority in pitch is reduced from 30 ° up to 20 ° up.
In this ground mode, movements of the control surfaces in pitch and roll correspond directly to the
stick inputs.
With the aircraft in the normal configuration and engines running on the ground :
‐ when the wheel brakes are released, the aircraft usually rolls with no added thrust.
‐ nose wheel steering is “fly.by.wire”, with no mechanical connection between the nose wheel and
the steering tiller. The control forces are light : the flight crew should be careful to move the tiller
gently to avoid unnecessarily high-rate turns.
The aircraft can make very tight turns, but the flight crew should resist any tendency to overcontrol.
When making tight turns at low ground speed, the crew should hold the selected tiller position, even
if the turn radius is shorter than intended, so as to maintain a smooth turn.
(1) The PFD includes this symbol that is the sum of sidestick positions given to the computers. It
permits the PNF to check that the PF is making an appropriate control input during takeoff roll.
(2) Small limit marks indicate the limits of stick travel (±16 ° in pitch, ±20 ° in roll).
They are only displayed with the aircraft on ground. The flight crew must not use this display
for control checks, because it does not necessarily indicate the control position in failure cases.
The flight crew must use the ECAM flight controls page for making that check.
IN FLIGHT
TAKEOFF MODE
Thrust management is very easy. The pilot selects a FLX thrust by stopping the thrust levers in
the FLX/MCT detent, and by checking that the resulting N1 (or EPR) (1) is compatible with N1 (or
EPR) target (2). For maximum takeoff thrust, the pilot moves the thrust levers fully forward and
performs the same thrust check (N1 or EPR).
To counter the nose-up effect of setting engine takeoff thrust, the pilot should apply half forward
stick, until the airspeed reaches 80 kt. Then, he should release the stick gradually to reach neutral
at 100 kt (Refer to PRO-NOR-SOP-12 Takeoff - Takeoff Initiation for additional information).
Rotation is conventional. It takes about 1/3 to 1/2 back stick. The Pilot Flying (PF) continues the
rotation in order to bring the all–engine attitude value towards approximately 15 °. During rotation,
the PF must not attempt to reach the FD pitch bar, because it does not provide a pitch rate order,
and may lead to overreaction. As soon as the aircraft becomes airborne only, the PF must adjust
the pitch attitude using the FD bar, which is then representative of the SRS order. As the attitude
changes and stabilizes, the control laws change to those for the flight mode in pitch, allowing the
sidestick to return to the neutral position to maintain 1 g at the chosen attitude. Pitch trim can
begin to work at 50 ft.
For crosswind takeoffs, routine use of into wind aileron is not recommended. In strong crosswind
conditions, some lateral control may be used, but care should be taken to avoid using large
deflections, resulting in excessive spoiler deployment which increases the tendency to turn into
wind, reduces lift and increases drag. Spoiler deflection starts to become significant with more
than one third sidestick deflection. As the aircraft lifts off, any lateral control applied will result in a
roll rate demand.
FLIGHT MODE
Normally the sidestick is in the neutral position, with the aircraft stable in pitch and roll at the
chosen altitude in straight or turning flight within certain limits. As a result, even in turbulence, the
aircraft is flown best with little or no stick input.
Hands off, the system maintains 1 g in pitch, corrected for pitch and roll attitude, and zero roll rate,
within certain limits (+30 °, –15 ° in pitch and ± 33 ° roll). Hands off, within these limits the aircraft
resists disturbance from the atmosphere and rides well even in heavy turbulence.
The system compensates almost 100 % for changes of trim due to changes in speed and
configuration. Changes of trim due to changes in thrust can be too large for the system to
compensate, and the aircraft may respond to them in pitch in the conventional sense and then
hold the new attitude at which it has stabilized after the trim change.
The pitch trim wheel moves as the control law compensates for these changes.
The control laws also make turning easier. They protect against overbanking, and at the chosen
bank attitude (less than 33 ° of bank) the system maintains zero roll rate, stick free.
Steep turns can be made at up to 67 ° of bank. This is the steepest bank at which it is possible to
maintain level flight at 2.5 g.
Beyond 33 ° of bank, the pitch trim stops working and a lateral stability term is introduced. This
term becomes progressively stronger as bank angle increases, so that it equals a full sidestick
demand at 67 ° of bank, hence forming the limiting system.
The lack of pitch trim makes it necessary for the pilot to hold the nose up in a steep turn. If he
releases the stick, the nose drops and the aircraft eases its roll angle to less than 33 ° of bank and
stabilizes at the pitch and bank angles it achieves at less than 33 ° of bank.
During a normal entry into a turn, the pilot must make an intentional initial change to the pitch
attitude in order to maintain level flight. Once he has done this, he can release the stick. The
system then maintains a level turn.
In climb, cruise, descent, and approach all these basic rules remain in effect.
LANDING MODE
The system’s landing mode gives the aircraft a stabilized flight path and makes a conventional
flare and touchdown. It carries out the initial approach as this manual described earlier. At 50 ft,
the system memorizes the attitude, usually 3 ° or 4 ° nose up. From 30 ft down, this value washes
out over eight seconds to –2 °. The result is that the pilot has to exert a progressive pull to
increase pitch gently in the flare. He should pull the thrust levers back at or above 20 ft, and the
landing should occur without a long flare. Touchdown quality is better and more repeatable at fairly
flat attitudes. An audible “RETARD” callout reminds the pilot if he has not pulled back the thrust
levers when the aircraft has reached 20 ft.
Crosswind landings are conventional. The preferred technique is to use the rudder to align the
aircraft with the runway heading, during the flare, while using lateral control to maintain the aircraft
on the runway centerline (Refer to PRO-NOR-SOP-21-LANDING-FLARE). The lateral control
mode does not change until the wheels are on the ground, so there is no discontinuity in the
control laws. The aircraft tends to roll gently in the conventional sense as drift decreases, and the
pilot may have to use some normal cross control to maintain roll attitude.
Even during an approach in considerable turbulence, the control system resists the disturbances
quite well without pilot inputs. In fact, the pilot should try to limit his control inputs to those
necessary to correct the flight path trajectory and leave the task of countering air disturbances to
the flight control system.
Derotation is conventional. The pilot releases the back pressure he was holding for the flare and
the nose wheel comes down nicely.
Pitch trim then resets to zero.
On the ground the aircraft is conventional. The pilot uses rudder to maintain direction. He should
rotate to about 12.5 ° of pitch and adjust as required. The sideslip indication (1) changes to the
engine-out mode (blue). When it is centered, the aircraft is close to the zero aileron position (best
drag condition). It is therefore important to zero the slip indication accurately.
Trim the rudder conventionally.
When time permits, the pilot should check the ECAM’s FLT CTL page, and refine the rudder trim
to give neutral lateral control, and also trim the rudder toward the spoilers that are up or toward the
aileron that is farthest up to bring the lateral controls back to neutral.
ENGINE-OUT LANDING
The engine-out landing is basically a conventional landing. The pilot should trim to maintain the slip
indication centered. It is yellow, as long as N1 is less than 80 %. Between 100 and 50 ft, the pilot can
reset rudder trim to make the landing run easier, and to recover full rudder travel in both directions.
BOUNCE AT LANDING
In case of a light bounce, maintain the current pitch attitude and complete the landing, while
maintaining the thrust at idle. In case of a high bounce, initiate a go-around, initially maintaining the
pitch attitude. Retract the flaps one step, and then the landing gear, once the aircraft is properly
established on the go-around segment. In all cases, do not attempt to soften the (potential) second
touchdown by increasing the pitch attitude.
TRAINING TOUCH-AND-GO
With the nosewheel on ground, pitch trim automatically resets to zero. The pilot should select CONF
2 and add thrust. He must always move the thrust levers to TOGA to bring up the speed reference
system (SRS), and then reduce to a lower thrust (not less than CL), if he chooses. Takeoff may be
a little out of trim, which may affect the rotation slightly, but once the aircraft is off the ground, the
control law holds the “out of trim”, then retrims at 50 ft.
STALL WARNING
The applicable procedures have been moved in FCOM PRO-ABN-10 (Operating Techniques)
section and in the QRH ABN 80.07.
ALTERNATE LAW
Pitch alternate and roll direct is the first level of degraded control law, resulting from some double
failures.
The autopilot may be available, depending on the cause and type of failure(s).
DIRECT LAW
The sidestick is directly coupled to the controls via the computers, but without any of the
stabilization feedbacks. In effect, this law turns the aircraft into a conventional aircraft, but is
compensated for configuration and CG. The pilot must use manual pitch trim, as is signaled on the
PFD. The autopilot is not available.
MECHANICAL BACKUP
The pilot can use the pitch trim and rudder to control the aircraft for short periods of total loss of
fly-by-wire.
ALTERNATE LAW
PITCH
Alternate law in pitch is almost the same (for the pilot) as the normal control laws.
However, alternate law does not maintain any of the protections, except for the load factor
limitation. As a result, the pilot must fly the aircraft more attentively to avoid inadvertently
exceeding the normal limits.
Alternate law reduces VMO to 320 kt to restore a normal aircraft speed margin in case of
upset. This is not necessary in the Mach range, because the margin there is, in any case,
conventional.
At low speed the change in the speed scale is very noticeable. VLS remains, but Vα PROT and
Vα MAX disappear, replaced by a single black and red strip the top of which is stall warning
speed. Unlike VLS which is stable, VSW is g sensitive so as to give additional margin in turns.
As mentioned above, ALTERNATE reverts to DIRECT law for landing when the flight crew
lowers the landing gear.
ROLL
Roll control is direct. The rate of roll is generally higher than with normal law and at first the
aircraft appears to be very sensitive.
Bank stability and protections are no longer active and the flight crew should take care to stay
within normal limits.
DIRECT LAW
Normally direct law in pitch is transitory, due to undetected failures of, for example, a second IRS.
Once the flight crew has isolated the failed system, it can reset the ELACs to acquire alternate law
in pitch.
When the system goes into direct law, “USE MAN PITCH TRIM” appears on the PFDs. This
message flashes for 5 s, then becomes steady.
The pilot should use small control inputs when the aircraft is in direct law at high speed, because
the controls are powerful. Good trimming in pitch is required.
The pilot should avoid using large thrust changes or sudden speedbrake movements, particularly if
the center of gravity is aft. If the speedbrakes are out and the aircraft has been retrimmed, the pilot
should retract the speedbrakes gently, giving time to retrim so as to avoid a large nose-down trim
change.
The flight crew must fly the aircraft carefully at all times. Control is precise, but there are no
protections.
The aural stall warning for alternate law also serves direct law, and the technique for recovery is
the same.
Any tendency to roll stick free can be corrected by conventional use of rudder. Residual rudder
forces can be trimmed out by using rudder trim in the direction of the applied force.
After trimming, the sideslip index will be slightly displaced from center. With some failure
conditions the asymmetric rolling tendency may be increased. It will always be possible to trim the
aircraft to fly straight, hands off. There may then be an asymmetry in roll response, but the roll rate
achieved is always adequate.
Landing in direct law is like landing a conventional aircraft. Trim changes to compensate for
configuration changes are small, as is the trim change with speed change. Trim change with a
large thrust change is quite large, so the pilot should make smooth thrust changes. The flare
height for landing is the same (Refer to PRO-NOR-SOP-19 Landing - Flare) , and the pilot uses
conventional techniques. (The controls remain light and powerful).
Pilots have landed this aircraft in direct law in moderate to heavy turbulence with gusting winds
without undue difficulty.
Direct law works with or without the yaw damper. The aircraft is always convergent in dutch roll, so
if an oscillation begins it will stop itself if not excited. To stop dutch roll the pilot should use lateral
inputs, not rudder.
GENERAL
The system limits the aircraft to 67 ° of bank, which corresponds approximately to the bank angle
needed for a level 2.5 g turn.
The system limits pitch attitude to +30 ° and –15 °. The +30 ° limit decreases to 25 ° at low speed. If
the aircraft attitude approaches these limits, the pitch and roll rates start to decrease 5 ° before the
limit so that it will stop at the limit without overshooting.
The aircraft is structurally designed to the same limits as any other large aircraft. The 2.5 g limit (2 g
with flaps extended) allows the aircraft to make an abrupt maneuver without structural risk if such a
maneuver becomes necessary.
When this occurs (after a ground proximity warning, for example), the pilot should quickly apply
full control and hold it until the flight path is safe. Response time is a vital factor in avoidance : the
system allows maneuvers that the pilot would not normally be able to perform safely at any altitude,
low or high.
The aircraft automatically recovers following a high speed upset. Depending on the flight conditions
(high acceleration, low pitch attitude), the High Speed Protection is activated at, or above,
VMO/MMO.
When it is activated, spiral static stability is introduced to 0 ° bank angle (instead of 33 ° in normal
law), and the bank angle limit is reduced from 67 ° to 40 °.
As the speed increases above VMO/MMO, the sidestick nose-down authority is progressively
reduced, and a permanent nose-up order is applied to aid recovery to normal flight conditions.
The High Speed Protection is deactivated when the aircraft speed decreases below VMO/MMO,
where the usual normal control laws are recovered.
The flight crew should never deliberately fly the aircraft beyond VMO/MMO, unless absolutely
necessary for operational reasons, such as avoiding another aircraft.
The pilot should, as soon as possible, reduce resistance to the High Speed Protection and allow the
aircraft to return to a speed below VMO/MMO, by smoothly relaxing the forward stick force to attain a
comfortable nose-up pitch rate. It is not usually necessary to apply a pull force to recover. If a quicker
recovery is required for operational reasons, the pilot should pull back smoothly and progressively,
monitoring the g indication on the ECAM.
The aircraft resists attempts by either a pilot or the atmosphere to stall it. If a pilot attempts a stall, he
feels the aircraft trying to pitch down as speed approaches the amber and black strip. The pilot can
resist this tendency until speed reaches the red band (alpha maximum), and then further nose-up
control is not available. Between these two points, αfloor automatically sets go around thrust. The
pilot can hold full back stick, if it is needed (see windshear), and the aircraft stabilizes at an angle of
attack close to but short of the 1 g stall.
WHEN FLYING AT αmax, THE PILOT CAN MAKE GENTLE TURNS, IF NECESSARY.
As the aircraft enters protection at the amber and black strip. (αprot), the system inhibits further
nose-up trim beyond the point already reached. Nose-down trim remains available if the pilot pushes
the stick forward.
The pilot should not deliberately fly the aircraft in αprot except for brief periods when maximum
maneuvering is required. If the pilot enters αprot inadvertently, he should get out of it as quickly as
possible by easing forward on the sidestick to reduce the angle of attack while simultaneously adding
power (if αfloor has not already been activated or has been cancelled). The system will regain the
normal load factor law if the stick is pushed forward of neutral, but it will re-enter αprot if the stick is
released with the angle of attack still greater than the value set for αprot. Thus to exit αprot properly,
the pilot should reduce angle attack to a value less than the value set for αprot.
The PFD shows this clearly, because the indicated speed is above the black and amber strip.
The pilot should now increase speed above VLS (clear of the amber strip) as soon as other
considerations (ground clearance, for example) allow him to do so.
αfloor will usually be triggered just after αprot is entered, and go around thrust will automatically be
applied. Thus, if the sidestick is held aft, either inadvertently or deliberately, the aircraft will start to
climb at a relatively constant low airspeed. To recover to a normal flight condition, αprot should be
exited by easing forward on the sidestick, as described above, and the αfloor should be cancelled by
using the disconnect pushbutton on either thrust lever as soon as a safe speed is regained.
The aircraft can also enter αprot at a high level, where it protects the aircraft from the buffet
boundary. As at low speed or low level, if the sidestick is merely released to neutral, the aircraft
maintains the alpha for αprot. (However, this value of alpha is not the same as the value used
at low speed : Alpha for αprot is reduced as a function of Mach, so that a typical cruise value is
about 3.5 ° for the A318 and A321 aircraft, or 4.5 ° for the A319 and A320 aircraft). Therefore, the
aircraft may climb, with the sidestick free, when leaving a turn after entering αprot. If the pilot has
flown into αprot, he should leave it as soon as other considerations allow, by easing forward on the
sidestick to reduce alpha below the value of αprot, while simultaneously increasing thrust or speed
as appropriate.
WINDSHEAR
Most of the recommended techniques for flight in windshear also apply to the A320 aircraft family.
But for these aircraft, the techniques are somewhat simpler.
The aircraft can only survive windshear, if it has enough energy to carry it through the
loss-of-performance field. The aircraft can sustain this energy level in the following three ways :
‐ Carry extra speed. The aircraft does this automatically in some cases.
‐ Add maximum thrust. The aircraft does this automatically.
‐ Trade height energy for speed. Any aircraft can do this.
Proper pilot technique helps in this survival process. The pilot must follow orders from the Speed
Reference System (SRS) or, if the FD is not available or is switched OFF for a visual approach,
maintain 17.5 ° of pitch, even if he has to use full backstick in order to do so. At this stage, maintain
full backstick until the shear is passed. The aircraft will automatically hold close to the maximum
Angle-Of-Attack. The speed should stay near to the beginning of the red strip. However, in
turbulence, the speed can be temporarily below the red strip without significant effect. As speed
begins to recover, the pilot can reduce backstick, while still following SRS orders until well clear of
the shear.
ABNORMAL CONFIGURATIONS
In some flight control failure cases, such as loss of control of both elevators, or loss of flaps or slats,
the landing configuration is Configuration 3.
With the horizontal stabilizer jammed, control is much easier than it is on a conventional aircraft,
because the integrator holds the elevator required to maintain the 1 g flight path.
The control laws remain normal to touchdown.
AIRCRAFT TRIMMING
If, on upper ECAM display the FOB indication is displayed with two dashes across the two least
significant digits, the FQI is in degraded mode.
In this case, the ECAM FUEL page must be called on ECAM lower display to determine which tank is
affected.
The loss of accuracy resulting from the loss of FQI normal mode is as follows :
wing outer cell affected : +20 kg (+44 lb), –200 kg (–440 lb).
wing inner cell affected : ± 110 kg (240 lb).
center tank affected : ± 130 kg (290 lb).
all tanks affected : +390 kg (+860 lb), –750 kg (–1660 lb).
ICING CONDITIONS
Icing conditions exist when the OAT (on ground and for takeoff), or when the TAT (in flight) is at or
below 10 °C, and visible moisture in any form is present (such as clouds, fog with visibility of one mile
or less, rain, snow, sleet or ice crystals).
Icing conditions also exist when the OAT on the ground and for takeoff is at or below 10 °C when
operating on ramps, taxiways, or runways where surface snow, standing water or slush may be
ingested by the engines or freeze on engines, nacelles or engine sensor probes.
WARNING Pilots must turn on the engine anti-ice system, when temperature and visible
moisture meet these criteria, and should not wait until they see ice building up.
CAUTION 1. Extended flight, in icing conditions with the slats extended, should be
avoided.
2. If there is evidence of significant ice accretion and to take into account ice
formation on non heated structure, the minimum speed should be :
‐ In configuration full, VLS +5 kt.
‐ In configuration lower than FULL, VLS +10 kt.
For Landing Performance assessment, refer to QRH PER-C.
3. If there is evidence of ice accretion on de-iced parts (WING ANTI ICE
inoperative) of the airframe, the minimum speeds should be :
‐ In clean configuration, VLS + 15 kt.
‐ In CONF 1, 2, 3, FULL, VLS + 10 kt. For Landing Performance
assessment, refer to QRH PER-C.
Icing conditions are severe when there is approximately 5 mm of ice accretion on the airframe.
If the rain repellent is operative, the flight crew should only use the rain repellent in moderate to
heavy rain.
When the aircraft is parked on the ground during heavy rain, it can take rainwater into the avionics
ventilation system via the open skin air inlet valve.
To prevent this, the following procedure must be applied :
After landing :
EXTRACT...............................................................................................................................OVRD
This closes the avionics ventilation system, preventing rainwater from entering.
PACKS 1 and 2............................................................................................................ CHECK ON
This adds air from the air conditioning system to ventilation air. If bleed air is not available, the
arrangement can function for a limited time, as follows :
• OAT ≤ 39 °C : no limit
• 39 °C ≤ OAT ≤ 45 °C : 3 h
• OAT ≥ 45 °C : 30 min
After takeoff :
EXTRACT............................................................................................................................... AUTO
The flight path vector (FPV) indicates performance and does not direct or command. Because there
is always a slight lag between an attitude change and the change in flight path that results from it,
when the pilot uses the FPV he should make an attitude change first, then use the FPV to check the
resulting flight path.
Vertically the FPV indicates the aircraft’s flight path angle.
The FPV is particularly useful when the aircraft is doing visual circuits. For example, when the aircraft
is flying downwind the pilot simply adjusts the aircraft attitude to put the FPV symbol on the horizon.
This establishes the aircraft in level flight. On the final approach, the pilot puts the FPV three degrees
below the horizon to establish the aircraft at a normal angle of descent. If this results in the aircraft
going below the chosen approach path (undershooting the touchdown point), the pilot can reduce
the angle of descent by raising the FPV. As soon as the aircraft regains the correct descent path, he
should bring the FPV back to -3 °.
Laterally, the FPV indicates the aircraft’s track and its drift angle. It has the same displacement as
the drift diamond on the heading scale and thus appears directly above it. It shows on the PFD the
drift the aircraft is experiencing.
The pilot must take care when making a go-around with the FPV selected. There is inevitably some
lag between the pilot’s raising the nose to commence the go-around and the aircraft’s responding by
changing its trajectory. For the same reason the pilot does not use the FPV on takeoff: the primary
parameter for rotation, either on takeoff or on go-around, is attitude.
The TRK-FPA Flight Director is particularly useful for guiding the aircraft during non-precision
approaches, although it can also be used at other times. When using this mode of the FD, the pilot
places the FPV symbol in the center of the flight path director (FPD) symbol. This is similar to using
the FD in HDG-V/S, when the pilot puts the center of the fixed aircraft symbol at the center of the
crossed bars of the FD. If the FCU is set on the correct track and flight path angle, and if the FPV
and the FPD are aligned, they will guide the aircraft along a trajectory that is stabilized with respect
to the ground, whereas when the pilot is using HDG-V/S the trajectory is stabilized with respect to
the air. However, if the aircraft is disturbed from this ideal trajectory, merely following the FPD will
result in its following a trajectory that is parallel to the intended trajectory. Thus, when the aircraft is
disturbed from the original trajectory, the pilot must adjust either its track or its flight path angle or
both in order to obtain guidance back to the original trajectory. Likewise, when the pilot uses the FPA
to create a synthetic glide path, it will be positioned correctly only if it commences at the right point in
space.
Apply brakes with care, because initial pedal force or displacement produces more braking action
in alternate mode than in normal mode. If antiskid is lost, modulate brake pressure at, or below,
1 000 PSI.
The braking system is not designed to hold the aircraft in a stationary position when a high thrust
level is applied on at least one engine.
The thrust level from which the aircraft starts to move (with parking brake ON, or with manual braking
applied) depends on several factors such as:
‐ Ground surface conditions
‐ Environment
‐ The aircraft weight
‐ Etc...
During ground procedures that require a thrust increase with braking, the flight crew must ensure that
the aircraft remains stationary, and one flight crew must keep his hands on the thrust levers to be
ready to immediately retard the thrust levers to IDLE if the aircraft starts to move.
GENERAL
During taxi, the crew may notice an aircraft veering tendency. This can be due to some external
conditions (crosswind, slope....), or it can be due to the nosewheel steering system itself. The latter
case is identifiable due to flight crews’ consecutive reports of permanent aircraft veering tendency.
TIRE PRESSURE
These charts present the various nominal tire pressures, depending on maximum taxi weight, tire
type, and landing gear configuration (shock absorbers extended, or compressed).
PRESSURE PRESSURE
Unloaded Loaded Unloaded Loaded
bar psi bar psi bar psi bar psi
DIMENSIONS
30 × 8.8 R 15 46 × 17 R 20
MAXIMUM TAKEOFF WEIGHT
30 × 8.8 - 15 46 × 16 - 20
67 000 kg / 147 708 lb
68 000 kg / 149 913 lb 11.0 160 11.4 165 12.3 178 12.8 186
70 000 kg / 154 322 lb
73 500 kg / 162 038 lb
11.8 171 12.3 178 13.3 193 13.8 200
75 500 kg / 166 447 lb
77 000 kg / 169 754 lb 11.8 171 12.3 178 13.8 200 14.4 209
PRESSURE PRESSURE
Unloaded Loaded Unloaded Loaded
bar psi bar psi bar psi bar psi
DIMENSIONS
MAXIMUM TAKEOFF WEIGHT 49 × 17 - 20 49 × 19 - 20
67 000 kg / 147 708 lb
68 000 kg / 149 913 lb 10.2 148 10.6 154 9.2 133 9.6 139
70 000 kg / 154 322 lb
73 500 kg / 162 038 lb
11.0 160 11.4 165 9.9 144 10.3 149
75 500 kg / 166 447 lb
77 000 kg / 169 754 lb 11.5 167 12.0 174 10.3 149 10.7 155
PRESSURE PRESSURE
Unloaded Loaded Unloaded Loaded
bar psi bar psi bar psi bar psi
DIMENSIONS
915 × 300 R 16
MAXIMUM TAKEOFF WEIGHT 1270 × 455 R 22
36 × 11 - 16
67 000 kg / 147 708 lb
68 000 kg / 149 913 lb 10.5 152 10.9 158 - - - -
70 000 kg / 154 322 lb
73 500 kg / 162 038 lb 11.3 164 11.8 171 11.7 170 12.2 177
75 500 kg / 166 447 lb 11.3 164 11.8 171 - - - -
77 000 kg / 169 754 lb 11.8 171 12.3 178 - - - -
GENERAL
CAUTION Pilots should use these procedures only when both FMGCs or both MCDUs are
inoperative.
In this case they must press both RMP NAV keys (lighting the green lights).
ADF tuning :
ADF key............................................................................................................................PRESS
The green light comes on.
The windows show the previously selected frequencies.
Rotating knob..................................................................................................................... TURN
Watch the STBY/CRS window to set a frequency.
The outer knob changes units, inner knob decimals.
Transfer key..................................................................................................................... PRESS
This interchanges the ACTIVE and STBY frequencies. The ADF receiver is now tuned to the
new ACTIVE frequency.
BFO key (if necessary).................................................................................................... PRESS
Green light comes on.
VOR (or ILS) tuning :
VOR (or ILS) key............................................................................................................. PRESS
Green light comes on.
Both windows display previously selected frequencies.
Rotating knob..................................................................................................................... TURN
Set the frequency in the STBY/CRS window.
Transfer key..................................................................................................................... PRESS
The ACTIVE window displays the selected frequency.
The STBY/CRS window displays the frequency that had been displayed in the ACTIVE
window.
Rotating knob..................................................................................................................... TURN
Set the course on the STBY/CRS window.
The receiver is now tuned to the frequency of the new station, and the course is selected.
To select another station, press the transfer (making both windows display the previously
selected frequency) before retuning the VOR (or ILS).
Note: When the radio-nav standby mode is active (NAV ON) and VHF or HF tuning
is required, select the VHF key or the HF key on the RMP (normal radio
communications use). The NAV key, which has no effect on the selection of a radio
communication frequency, must remain in the ON position in order to prevent radio
navigation aid tuning from changing NAV receiver frequencies.
Although the navigation display automatically identifies the tuned ADF, VOR, or ILS station (auto
ident decoded), the flight crew must, in the following cases, confirm the correct tuning of the desired
station via the audio system :
‐ A station has either been autotuned or tuned manually by a crew member's entering the
associated ident on the MCDU RAD NAV page, and the decoded ident appearing on the ND is the
wrong one.
‐ A crew member has tuned the station manually on an RMP or by entering the frequency on the
MCDU RAD NAV page.
WEATHER RADAR
GENERAL
The values below apply to aircraft in symmetrical flight (no sideslip), in the clean configuration, and
in straight and level flight.
ALTITUDE TOLERANCES
PFD 1 or 2 at ground check : plus or minus 25 ft (8 m)
AIRSPEED/MACH TOLERANCES
Maximum differences between Speed/Mach indications:
SPEED (kt) MACH COMPARISON BETWEEN
ADR 3 and ADR 1,
FL/SPEED ADR 1 and ADR 2 (on PFD) ISIS and any ADR 1, or 2, or 3
or ADR 3 and ADR 2
SPEED MACH SPEED MACH SPEED MACH
GND CHECK 6 0.008 6 0.008 6 -
FL 50/250 kt 4 0.005 4 0.007 7 -
FL 100/250 kt 4 0.005 5 0.008 8 0.032
FL 200/300 kt 3 0.007 5 0.011 9 0.033
FL 300/0.78 3 0.010 5 0.014 9 0.025
FL 390/0.78 3 0.010 4 0.014 8 0.025
Mach values lower than M 0.50 in climb, and M 0.45 in descent, are not displayed on ISIS.
HEADING TOLERANCES
Maximum differences between magnetic heading indications on the NDs : 4 °.
ADIRS OPERATION
To perform an alignment, the aircraft must be stopped on ground. Any aircraft movement will
automatically restart the IRS alignment.
Do not align IRS during engine start, or while the engines are running.
TCAS
GENERAL
For System Description, Refer to DSC-34-80-10 General.
For Operational Procedures, Refer to PRO-ABN-34 TCAS WARNINGS.
OPERATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS
Avoidance generalities:
Always follow the RAs orders, even if they lead to cross the altitude of the intruders, as they
ensure the best global separation.
CAUTION If a pilot does not follow a RA, he should be aware that the intruder may be
TCAS equipped and may be maneuvering toward his aircraft in response to a
coordinated RA. This could compromise safe separation.
Pilots should comply with the vertical speed limitations during the last 2 000 ft of climb or
descent. In particular, pilots should limit vertical speeds to 1 500 ft/min during the last 2 000 ft
of a climb or descent, especially when they are aware of traffic that is converging in altitude
and intending to level off 1 000 ft above or below the pilot’s assigned altitude.
Select TA only mode in the following cases:
‐ Engine failure.
‐ Flight with landing gear down (if applicable).
‐ In case of known nearby traffic, which is in visual contact.
‐ At particular airports and during particular procedures identified by an operator as having
a significant potential for unwanted a inappropriate RAs (closely-spaced parallel runways,
converging runways, low terrain along the final approach...)
Eye to wheel height on approach is 25 ft and minimum recommended wheel clearance over the
threshold is 20 ft. Do not follow Precision Approach Path Indicator (PAPI) or "T"-Visual Approach
Slope Indicator (TVASI) guidance below 200 ft when PAPI or TVASI Minimum Eye Height over
Threshold (MEHT) is less than 45 ft.
The Global Positioning System (GPS) provides aircraft position inputs to the EGPWS for enhanced
function processing purpose. The Flight Management System (FMS) provides aircraft position inputs
as backup.
The TERR pb-sw located on the overhead panel enables the activation or deactivation of the
enhanced functions of the EGPWS.
If the TERR ON ND is not selected, and a terrain alert is generated, the terrain is automatically
displayed on the ND.
The brightness of the terrain indication on the ND is controlled via the weather radar brightness
control knob. If the weather radar brightness was set to low (due to bad weather) and a terrain alert
occurs, then the terrain display brightness will also be low.
Therefore, when a terrain alert occurs, the ND weather/terrain image brightness may need to be
adjusted.
ATSU INITIALIZATION
ATSU is automatically initialized, provided a list of Service Providers has been scanned, and
provided the following three parameters have been received and validated by the ATSU:
‐ Aircraft Registration Number (ARN)
‐ ACARS Airline Identity code (ACARS A/L ID).
‐ Standard Airline Identity code (STANDARD A/L ID)
If one of the above four conditions is not fulfilled, then ATSU is not available:
‐ The ECAM displays ATSU FAULT,
and
‐ The MCDU scratchpad displays a message to request flight crew action.
A manual entry of the missing parameter followed by its activation, reinitializes the ATSU, and clears
the ECAM and MCDU message.
Note: Modification of the SCAN SELECT setting may result in the loss of air-ground VHF datalink
communication and also in the increase of Datalink Service Providers charges. Therefore,
the SCAN SELECT setting should not be modified by the flight crew, unless they have been
instructed to do so.
THRUST CONTROL
GENERAL
The flight crew uses console-mounted levers to control engine thrust. Each lever sends electrical
signals to the FADEC of the engine it controls. The FADEC responds to the thrust lever position or
an autothrust command by setting the engine thrust.
The thrust lever quadrant is the equivalent of a thrust rating panel. For each lever it has five
detents. Moving the thrust lever to the forward stop of the quadrant always gives maximum takeoff
or go-around thrust, as appropriate, and signals the AP/FD to go to takeoff or go-around, as
appropriate. The FMA (Flight Mode Annunciator) in the left window of each PFD displays the
status of the thrust system to the pilot.
The engine instrument display gives a read-out of the engine thrust mode (CL, MCT, etc.) and the
appropriate engine limit. It displays the actual limit set, thrust lever position, FADEC command,
and maximum engine rating limit continually.
MANUAL THRUST CONTROL
With A/THR disconnected, thrust control between full reverse (on the ground only) and maximum
takeoff or go-around thrust is entirely conventional.
TLA (Thrust Lever Angle) determines the thrust demanded.
The rating limit selected by the pilot and the actual engine limit appear on the engine instrument
display.
With the thrust lever short of the CL position on the quadrant, the engine instrument display shows
CL continually. If one or both thrust levers are above CL, it shows MCT/FLEX. If one or both thrust
levers are beyond the MCT detent, it shows TOGA. With the thrust levers positioned in a detent,
the detent setting controls the engines to that limiting parameter.
AUTOTHRUST
When active A/THR controls either speed, thrust or retard as appropriate. The engine limit
corresponds to the thrust lever position. If the thrust lever is below the CL detent then the TLA
determines the engine power limit.
With the thrust lever above the CL detent, autothrust reverts to arm (A/THR blue on FMA) except if
alpha-floor is active. CLB (or LVR CLB) flashes on the FMA.
If the thrust levers are not aligned, an asymmetric message (ASYM or LVR ASYM) appears on the
FMA. If so, each engine is limited to its appropriate TLA.
This allows the use of autothrust to continue if one engine has to have its maximum RPM limited
for some operational reasons such as excessive vibration.
AUTOTHRUST DISCONNECTION
Autothrust disconnection occurs when :
‐ The A/THR fails, or
‐ The FCU’s A/THR pb is pressed, or
‐ The thrust lever(s)’ instinctive disconnect button is pressed, or
‐ Both thrust levers are set to IDLE.
1. Disconnection, due to a failure or to the use of the FCU A/THR pb. If the thrust levers are in
the CL detent (both engines operative), or one thrust lever in the MCT detent (one engine
operative), the thrust is locked at its actual value. The FMA displays a “THR LK” pulsing
memo. A single chime sounds, and an amber ECAM caution appears, as long as thrust
is locked. (For more details: Refer to Autothrust section). Movement of the thrust lever(s)
unlocks the thrust, and the engine(s) then respond(s) to TLA position.
2. Disconnection, due to the use of instinctive disconnect button.
When a pilot presses the instinctive disconnect button, the engines immediately develop
thrust corresponding to the position of their thrust levers, whatever that might be.
INSTINCTIVE DISCONNECTION PROCEDURE
To avoid any confusion for those pilots flying the A318/A319/A320/A321 with different
modifications (with, and without, energy management), Airbus recommends that pilots use one
procedure for disconnecting with the instinctive disconnect button.
‐ Set the thrust levers to the current thrust setting by adjusting the levers until the N1 (or EPR)
TLA white (blue with EIS2 screens) circle is adjacent to the N1 (or EPR) needle.
‐ Use the instinctive button to disconnect the A/THR.
‐ Check that “A/THR” memo is displayed on the ECAM, and that the autothrust mode on the
first column of the FMA disappears.
‐ Set the thrust manually.
USE OF AUTOTHRUST IN APPROACH
The pilot should use autothrust for approaches. On final approach, it usually gives more
accurate speed control, although in turbulent conditions the actual airspeed may vary from the
target speed, by as much as five knots. Although the changeover between auto and manual
thrust is easy to make with a little practice, the pilot should, when using autothrust for the final
approach, keep it engaged until he retards the thrust levers to idle for touchdown. If the pilot is
going to make the landing using manual thrust, he should disconnect the A/THR by the time he
has reached 1 000 ft on the final approach.
If he makes a shallow flare, with A/THR engaged, it will increase thrust to maintain the approach
speed until he pulls the thrust levers back to idle. Therefore he should avoid making a shallow
flare, or should retard the thrust levers as soon as it is no longer necessary to carry thrust, and if
necessary before he receives the “retard” reminder.
Although use of the autothrust is recommended for the entire approach, this does not absolve
the pilot from his responsibility to monitor its performance, and to disconnect it if it fails to
maintain speed at the selected value. Such monitoring should include checking on whether or
not the managed speed, calculated by the FMGC, is reasonable.
For more information concerning aircraft handling during final approach, refer to the FCOM
Bulletin ”Aircraft handling in final approach”.
ENGINE FAILURE
The pilot can continue to use autothrust after an engine failure, but some pilots feel that
directional control is more difficult, when autothrust changes the thrust instead of the pilot
making the thrust changes manually. The choice between using, or not using, autothrust after
engine failure is a personal one. As far as speed control is concerned, autothrust is usually
more accurate than a pilot.
Note: CFM ENG. 56-5-B1/B2 engines accelerate slowly from 50 % N2 to idle. Start abort is
not required as long as N2 is increasing.
MAN START..........................................................................................................................OFF
ENG MODE selector......................................................................................................... NORM
CAUTION The use of engine bleed supply and external pneumatic power supply
simultaneously is prohibited.
Before start :
APU BLEED.............................................................................................................................. OFF
The BLEED valve of the running engine reopens and the cross bleed valve closes.
ENG BLEED (running engine)......................................................................................... check ON
ENG BLEED (receiving engine)................................................................................................OFF
The bleed valve of engine to be started is closed to eliminate reverse flow leakage.
X BLEED................................................................................................................................ OPEN
Cleared to start :
Confirm area is clear of obstacles.
Ensure increased power jet wake does not constitute any hazard to people or installation behind
the aircraft.
Adjust thrust of supplying engine to obtain 30 PSI at start air valve before start initiation and at
least 25 PSI during start.
Do not exceed 80 % N2 to limit jet wake.
Apply the normal engine start procedure.
Note: If the supplying engine is a DAC engine, preset a 30 % N1 before launching the start
sequence.
After start :
THRUST LEVER (supplying engine)....................................................................................... IDLE
X BLEED................................................................................................................................ AUTO
ENG BLEED (receiving engine)................................................................................................. ON
PACKS.............................................................................................................................Check ON
The normal procedure to shut down an engine is to set the ENG MASTER sw to OFF. In the case
where the engine does not shut down as expected, use the following procedure:
ECAM FUEL PAGE.................................................................................................................... PRESS
LP FUEL VALVE POSITION (affected)..................................................................................... CHECK
If LP fuel valve is closed – cross line in amber
No crew action. The engine will shut down after a time delay.
If LP fuel valve is not closed
ENG FIRE pb sw(affected).................................................................................................. PRESS
Using the engine fire pushbutton will force the LP fuel valve to close. The engine will shut down
after a time delay.
TIME DELAY
The affected engine will shut down when all the fuel between the LP fuel valve and the engine
nozzles is burned by the engine. The shutdown of the engine can take up to 2 min and 30 s ,
depending on airport altitude and fuel recirculation system operation.
Keep ground staff informed.
PUSHBACK WITH POWER PUSH UNIT VIA THE MAIN LANDING GEAR
GENERAL
At several airports, the pushback is performed using a Power Push Unit (PPU), which pushes the
aircraft via the main landing gear, while the flight crew provides steering via the yellow hydraulic
system. Steering guidance will be given by ground personnel via interphone communication.
This section provides the flight crew with Airbus operational recommendations in performing such
a pushback, and replaces the “BEFORE PUSHBACK or START” standard operating procedure.
LOADSHEET.............................................................................................................................. CHECK
Both crew members carefully check the Load and Trim Sheet (LTS), particularly for gross errors.
Make sure that the load sheet data is correct (e.g correct flight, correct aircraft, dry operating index,
configuration, Fuel on Board,etc.).
* ZFW/ZFWCG............................................................................................................CHECK/REVISE
The PF compares the ZFW and the ZFWCG with the previously-entered data, and adjust if
necessary.
* ZFW/ZFWCG............................................................................................................. CROSSCHECK
The PNF crosschecks the ZFW and the ZFWCG entered in the FMS.
* Check that the takeoff CG is within LTS operational limits.
TAKEOFF DATA...........................................................................................................ENTER/REVISE
The PF enters or revises the takeoff data in the INIT B and PERF pages of the MCDU.
TAKEOFF DATA........................................................................................................................ CHECK
The PNF checks the takeoff speeds and the flexible temperature, using the RTOW charts.
The PNF crosschecks the FMS entries of the PF.
The flight crew should pay particular attention in determining the takeoff configuration Refer to
PER-THR-FLX DEFINITION.
Confirm any takeoff weight limitation.
SEATS, SEAT BELTS, HARNESSES, RUDDER PEDALS, ARMRESTS................................ADJUST
The seat is correctly adjusted when the pilot’s eyes are in line with the red and white balls.
MCDU.................................................................................................IN TAKEOFF CONFIGURATION
It is recommended that the crew display F-PLN on the PNF side, and PERF TAKEOFF on the PF
side.
EXT PWR........................................................................................................................CHECK AVAIL
EXT PWR DISCONNECTION...............................................................................................REQUEST
BEFORE START CHECKLIST down to the line.................................................................COMPLETE
PUSHBACK
PARKING BRK............................................................................................................................ OFF
Advise the ground personnel that the parking brake is OFF and that pushback can be started.
CAUTION Do not use brakes during pushback unless required, due to an emergency.
In case of an emergency, advise the ground personnel that the PPU should be removed and
moved out of the evacuation area.
NW STRG.......................................................................................................................... AS RQRD
Steer the aircraft following guidance from the ground personnel.
PARKING BRK.............................................................................................................................. ON
After pushback is completed, set the PARKING BRK to ON and inform the ground personnel that
the power-push unit can be removed.
ENG 1......................................................................................................................................START
GENERAL
Whenever possible, avoid areas with known or forecasted severe turbulence. If turbulence is
unavoidable, aim to keep the speed in the region of the target speed given in this section, so as to
provide the best protection against the effect of gust on the structural limits, whilst maintaining an
adequate margin above VLS.
Sufficient buffet margin exists at optimum altitude. In order to further increase the margin to buffet
onset, consider descending to a lower altitude.
Severe turbulence is defined as turbulence that causes large, abrupt changes in altitude and/or
attitude. It usually causes large variations in airspeed. Occupants are forced violently against their
seat belts and loose objects will move around the aircraft.
If severe turbulence occurs during a flight, the flight crew must make a logbook entry in order to
initiate maintenance action.
Note: Recommendations for severe turbulence are also applicable to extreme turbulence.
SIGNS
Before entering an area of known turbulence, the flight crew and the cabin crew must secure all
loose equipment and switch the cabin SIGNS to ON.
AUTOPILOT/AUTOTHRUST
Set the thrust to give the recommended speed (Refer to PRO-SUP-91-10 Thrust Setting (N1) for
Recommended Speed). This thrust setting attempts to obtain, in stabilized conditions, the speed for
turbulence penetration given in the graph below.
Only change thrust in case of an extreme variation in airspeed, and do not chase your Mach or
airspeed.
A transient increase is preferable to a loss of speed, that decreases buffet margins and is difficult to
recover.
ALTITUDE
LANDING
BEFORE TAKEOFF
Delay takeoff until conditions improve.
Evaluate takeoff conditions :
• Using observations and experience.
• Checking weather conditions.
Select the most favorable runway (considering location of the likely windshear).
Use the weather radar or the predictive windshear system before commencing takeoff to
ensure that the flight path clears any potential problem areas.
Select TOGA thrust.
Monitor closely airspeed and airspeed trend during the takeoff run for early signs of windshear.
DURING APPROACH
Delay landing or divert to another airport until conditions are more favorable.
Evaluate condition for a safe landing by:
• Using observations and experience,
• Checking weather conditions.
Use the weather radar.
Select the most favorable runway, considering also which has the most appropriate approach aid.
Select FLAPS 3.
Use managed speed in the approach phase.
Check both FDs engaged in ILS, FPA or V/S.
Engage the autopilot, for a more accurate approach and earlier recognition of deviation from the
beam, when ILS is available.
Note: ‐ When using the GS mini-function, associated with managed speed, the system will
carry extra speed in strong wind conditions;
‐ In case of strong or gusty crosswind greater than 20 kt, Refer to QRH/PER-C1 VAPP
Determination.
BEFORE V1
The takeoff should only be rejected if unacceptable airspeed variations occur below the indicated
V1, and the pilot decides that there is sufficient runway remaining to stop the aircraft.
AFTER V1
Set thrust levers to TOGA
Rotate normally.
Follow SRS orders.
GENERAL
For flight operations in icing conditions, Refer to PRO-SUP-30 Operations in Icing Conditions.
For ground operations on contaminated runways, Refer to PER-TOF-CTA-10 GENERAL.
The preparation and ground operation of the aircraft, after it has been sitting idle in very low
temperatures, may present particular problems. In such cases, the flight crew should use the
following procedures, which complement the normal operating procedures.
Ice accumulates on the aircraft when the air temperature approaches, or falls below, freezing (0 °C)
and there is precipitation or condensation. Ice may also build up when the aircraft is exposed to
any form of moisture, after the surfaces have been cold-soaked during previous cruise flight at
high altitudes, after the aircraft has been refueled with cold fuel, or after it has been exposed to low
overnight air temperatures.
EXTERIOR INSPECTION
GENERAL
In all situations, it is the Captain’s responsibility to decide if the ground crew must deice/anti-ice
the aircraft, and/or if additional deicing/anti-icing treatment is required.
Before starting the deicing/anti-icing procedure, the flight crew must establish communication with
the ground crew that will be applying the procedure.
CAUTION ‐ Make sure that the low or high-pressure ground connectors do not supply any
external air to the aircraft.
‐ If it is necessary for the ground crew to repeatedly anti-ice the aircraft, they
must deice the surfaces with a hot fluid mixture before applying a new layer of
anti-icing fluid.
Make sure that the ground crew uses the correct de-icing/anti-icing fluids, in accordance with the
applicable operator requirements and Aircraft Maintenance Manual (AMM) instructions.
The aircraft can be deiced or anti-iced when the APU and engines are either stopped or running.
However, do not start the engines when the ground crew is spraying fluid on the aircraft.
CAUTION ‐ The ground crew should take care when spraying deicing fluid, and make sure
that the engine and APU do not ingest any fluid.
‐ Do not move flaps, slats, ailerons, spoilers, or elevators, if they are not free of
ice.
‐ Always ensure that both the left and right sides of the aircraft receive the same,
complete, and symmetrical deicing/anti-icing treatment.
Note: In the case of frost formation on one or several areas of the wing surface, the captain
can request a local de-icing application only on the affected areas. The captain shall take
care that both wings must receive the same symmetrical treatment even if frost formation
does not affect symmetrically both wings. For more information, refer to AMM.
After switching off all bleeds, and before switching off AC power :
DITCHING pushbutton................................................................................................................ ON
This closes the outflow valve, the pack valves, and the avionic ventilation inlet and extract
valves.
PARKING BRAKE..................................................................................................................... OFF
Check chocks in place, and release the parking brake to prevent brakes from freezing.
After switching off the batteries :
DITCHING pushbutton.............................................................................................................. OFF
PROTECTIVE COVERS....................................................................................................INSTALL
Install protective covers and plugs to protect the aircraft and engines from snow and ice.
Drain the water system, if the OAT requires it, as shown below :
Configuration
Cabin Exposure time Water tank drain
Air Conditioning Outside Air Temperature
temperature
ON Above Between 0 °C and -15 °C (32 °F and None
Not required
10 °C 5 °F)
(50 °F) Below -15 °C (5 °F) 1 h 15 min
OFF Between 0 °C and -7 °C (32 °F and 1 h 30 min
19.4 °F)
Required
Between -7 °C and -15 °C (19.4 °F and 0 h 30 min
5 °F)
Below -15 °C (5 °F) Any
INTRODUCTION
This procedure uses electrical power.
GENERAL
The following procedures are recommended for operators who fly routes that could take their aircraft
through the material emerging from active volcanoes.
Because volcanic ash is composed of very abrasive particles it can do serious damage to aircraft
parts and impair the operation of aircraft systems significantly.
Operators should avoid airports with volcanic ash deposits if possible. If operations at such airports
are unavoidable, operators should heed the following recommendations.
When operation on airport contaminated by sand or dust is expected, based on their experience
and the amount of contaminant, operators can consider applying most of the on-ground
recommendations in order to help preventing contamination of aircraft systems.
EXTERIOR INSPECTION
SURFACES AND EQUIPMENT.........................................................CHECK FREE OF DEPOSITS
Ground maintenance should remove ash, sand or dust that has settled on exposed lubricated
surfaces and could penetrate seals or enter the engine gas path, air conditioning system, air data
probes, access doors and panels and other orifices on the aircraft.
ENGINE/APU INLETS....................................................................... CHECK FREE OF DEPOSITS
Inspect the inlets and order them cleaned of deposit. Have the area within 25 ft of the engine inlet
cleaned of volcanic ash (as much as practical).
ENGINE START
Use external pneumatic supply for starting the engines, if it is available. (Refer to PRO-SUP-70
Engine Start with External Pneumatic Power).
ENGINE.................................................................................................................................. CRANK
Before starting the engines, ventilate them by dry cranking at maximum motoring speed for two
minutes. This will blow out any contaminant ash that may have entered the booster area.
TAXI
After releasing the brakes:
THRUST LEVERS..................... ADVANCE SMOOTHLY THEN MOVE TO IDLE WHEN ROLLING
Advance the levers smoothly to the minimum required for breakaway.
Avoid making sharp or high-speed turns.
ENG 1, ENG 2 BLEED................................................................................................................OFF
Keep bleed valves closed for taxiing, particularly in volcanic ash.
In case of crosswind when performing a 180 ° turn on the runway, initiate this turn with the nose
down wind in order to prevent ash, sand or dust ingestion.
TAKEOFF
Allow ash, sand and dust (if present) to settle on runway before starting the takeoff roll.
Use the rolling takeoff technique if possible.
Adjust progressively engine power as for normal takeoff procedures.
To prevent contamination of air conditioning system, consider a takeoff with packs OFF.
LANDING
REVERSERS................................................................................ USE AS LIGHTLY AS FEASIBLE
If it appears that maximum reverse thrust will be needed, apply reverse thrust when the main
landing gear touches down. Limit the use of reverse thrust as much as possible, because reverse
flow may throw up ash, sand, dust and impair visibility.
Note: The abrasive effect of volcanic ash on windshields and landing lights may reduce the
pilot’s visibility for approach and landing significantly. Consider diverting to an airfield
where it is possible to use AUTOLAND.
BRAKE PERFORMANCE...............................................................................CONSIDER PENALTY
A layer of volcanic ash on the runway may degrade braking efficiency. Treat landing performance
as if it is similar to that on a wet runway (dry ash) or on slush (wet ash).
SPRAY PATTERN
There is a little chance of the engines ingesting fluid, which in any case should not jeopardize safety.
The risk of ingestion is independent of the depth of the contaminant.
TAXIING
TAXI SOP..............................................................................................................................PERFORM
For the Taxi SOP, Refer to PRO-NOR-SOP-10 Taxi - Taxi Clearance.
In addition, apply the following procedures:
Taxi at low speed.
Note: The antiskid does not operate at low taxi speed.
Avoid high thrust settings.
On slippery surfaces:
‐ Maintain the aircraft far behind the aircraft ahead,
‐ During turns with high nosewheel steering angles, the wheels may slip sideways. This may
cause noise and vibrations. Keep the speed as low as possible to turn smoothly in order to
turn with a minimum radius. The flight crew can also use the differential power.
Icing conditions with rain, slush, or snow may contaminate the runways and taxiways
Before takeoff:
To avoid the contamination of the slats/flaps mechanism, keep slats/flaps retracted until
the aircraft reaches the holding point on the takeoff runway.
Hold the BEFORE TO checklist at FLAP SETTING and finish it after the extension of the
slats/flaps.
After landing:
To avoid damage on the slats/flaps mechanism, do not retract the slats/flaps.
After engine shutdown:
Make a visual inspection to determine that the slats/flaps mechanism is free of
contamination.
When the slats/flaps mechanism is clean and before the flight crew shuts
down the aircraft electrical network:
YELLOW ELEC PUMP pb...................................................................................... ON
BLUE ELEC PUMP pb-sw..................................................................................AUTO
BLUE PUMP OVRD pb...........................................................................................ON
SLATS/FLAPS.......................................... RETRACT and MONITOR on ECAM page
TAKEOFF
LANDING
‐ As soon as the aircraft has touched down, lower the nose wheel onto the runway and select
maximum reverse thrust.
Do not hold the nose wheel off the ground.
‐ If necessary, the maximum reverse thrust can be used until the aircraft is fully stopped.
‐ If the runway length is limiting, apply the brakes before lowering the nose gear onto the runway,
but be prepared to apply back stick to counter the nose down pitch produced by the brakes
application. (The strength of this pitching moment will depend on the brake torque attainable on
the slippery runway).
‐ Maintain directional control with the rudder as long as possible, use nose wheel steering with care.
‐ When the aircraft is at taxi speed, follow the recommendations for taxiing.
Note: If there is snow, visibility may be reduced by snow blowing forward at low speeds if
reversers are not cancelled.
INTRODUCTION
GENERAL
If required, each flight crewmember compares the FlySmart with Airbus applications for Windows
version (FOVE or EFB) with the valid version information that is given as reference by the Airline.
This enables to ensure that the applications and data installed on his laptop correspond to the latest
updated version provided by the Airline’s flight operations department.
The TAKEOFF application aims at computing the takeoff performance data (maximum takeoff
weight, takeoff speeds, flexible temperature) according to the aircraft configuration and external
conditions (runway, surrounding obstacles, weather).
The TAKEOFF application allows straightforward computations and provides the optimized takeoff
performance for the given conditions.
The LOADSHEET (W & B) application allows the flight crew users to prepare the aircraft loading
and to check that all weights and CG remain within the loading operational envelope. This eases
the computation of the ZFWCG, ZFW, TOW and TOCG, and enables last–minute changes to the
passenger/cargo/fuel distribution.
Depending on airline’s authority requirements, the LOADSHEET (W & B) application can also
generate a load and trim sheet.
The MEL provides an electronic access to ECAM Warning messages, Dispatch conditions,
Operational procedures, Maintenance tasks as well as airline documents.
The MEL application allows the selection of inoperative items on the aircraft and sends the list of
inoperative items to the TAKEOFF and LANDING applications. The performance limitations are then
computed taking into account the penalties due to these inoperative items.
TASKSHARING
The following tasksharing is based on the use of two laptops in order to reduce the risk of erroneous
inputs.
Airbus recommends operating with two laptops.
EFB PREPARATION
LAPTOPS.........................................................................................................................ON (BOTH)
Set the laptops to ON sufficiently early to give enough time for laptop power up.
STATUS/VERSION.......................................................................INIT and CROSSCHECK (BOTH)
The PF checks that the FlySmart with Airbus applications for Windows version, available on the
laptop, is the applicable one.
Each flight crewmember enters the following data :
• Aircraft type
• Aircraft registration
• Flight number
• The departure and arrival airports.
Then, both flight crewmembers crosscheck all the data.
REQUIRED APPLICATIONS.....................................................................................START (BOTH)
MEL/CDL ITEMS CHECK (IF REQUIRED)
Each flight crewmember should check in the MEL and CDL, the dispatch conditions corresponding
to the applicable MEL/CDL items.
Then the flight crew should select the MEL/CDL items, if any.
MEL / CDL ITEMS......................................................... CHECK DISPATCH CONDITIONS (BOTH)
MEL ITEMS............................................................................................................. SELECT (BOTH)
The selected MEL items are sent to the applicable performance applications.
PRELIMINARY PERFORMANCE DETERMINATION
Both flight crewmembers independently compute the preliminary takeoff performance data in
accordance with the technical condition of the aircraft and/or any other criteria that may impact the
performance data (e.g. NOTAM, runway condition, aircraft configuration).
AIRFIELD DATA...................................................................................................... OBTAIN (BOTH)
Obtain airfiel data that will be used for preliminary takeoff performance computation.
If the LOADSHEET (W & B) application is used :
PRELIMINARY LOADING..........................................COMPUTE AND CROSSCHECK (BOTH)
In the LOADSHEET (W & B) application, enter the selection in accordance with the estimated
loading :
• In the CONFIGURATION panel, enter the data related to the dry operating weight (e.g.
crew, catering, cabin configuration)
• In the LOADING panel, enter the data related to the loading of the aircraft (payload and fuel)
• In the panel of payload distribution, enter the passenger and cargo distribution data
• In the MEL panel, check or select MEL items if any.
Launch the computation, verify that the loading is inside the operational envelope and
crosscheck the results.
PRELIMINARY TAKEOFF PERF..................................... COMPUTE AND CROSSCHECK (BOTH)
In the TAKEOFF application, enter the parameters in accordance with the estimated departure
conditions :
• In the panel of the runway computation, enter the runway characteristics. Any NOTAM affecting
the airport data should be considered.
Note: In anticipation of a possible runway change, select multiple runways, as applicable in
the MULTIPLE RWY panel (available on the latest FlySmart with Airbus applications
for Windows version)
• In the CONDITIONS panel, enter the weather conditions (WIND, OAT, QNH, etc ...), check or
enter the aircraft TOW (and TOCG for A320 aircraft), and the aircraft configuration (e.g. CONF,
anti–ice, air conditioning, etc ...)
• For the aircraft status, check or select the MEL/CDL items, if any.
Launch the computation and crosscheck the results.
IN FLIGHT
Both flight crewmembers should not use the FlySmart with Airbus applications in the same time.
The use of the FlySmart with Airbus applications is restricted to the PNF. If required, the
tasksharing will be temporarily redistributed, in order to crosscheck FlySmart with Airbus
applications results.
DURING APPROACH
Before final approach :
LAPTOPS................................................................................................................... STOW (BOTH)
Laptops must be stowed. They can be stowed in the documentation stowage.
Laptops that are not compliant with applicable EMI aeronautical standards must be switched off.
INTRODUCTION
GENERAL
MY FLIGHT PAGE
The My Flight page enables:
‐ To check that FlySmart with Airbus applications are up to date. The My Flight page provides the
version of the installed applications and data (EFB version)
‐ To start the Manager application, that enables to update the operational data (performance,
manuals)
‐ To initialize the applications with the applicable aircraft tail number, flight number and citypair.
This avoids multiple entries of the same data in the different applications.
There is one My Flight page per application. All the inputs that the user has entered on one My
Flight page are retrieved by the other applications.
Note: On the My Flight page of OLB application, the user can only enter the a/c type and a/c
registration.
EFB VERSION
If required, each crewmember compares the EFB version with the valid version information that is
given as reference by the Airline. This enables to ensure that the applications and data installed on
their iPad correspond to the latest updated version provided by their airline's flight operations.
TAKEOFF APPLICATION
The Takeoff application aims at computing the takeoff performance data (maximum takeoff weight,
takeoff speeds, flexible temperature) according to the aircraft configuration and external conditions
(runway, surrounding obstacles, weather).
The Takeoff application allows straightforward computations and provides the optimized takeoff
performance for the given conditions.
LANDING APPLICATION
The Landing application aims at computing the landing performance data (maximum landing
weight, approach speed) according to the aircraft configuration and external conditions (runway,
surrounding obstacles, weather).
The Landing application allows straightforward computations and provides the optimized landing
performance for the given conditions.
LOADSHEET APPLICATION
The Loadsheet application aims at computing the weight and balance data (weight and centers of
gravity).
This application ensures that the centers of gravity and weights are within the operational
envelopes (zero fuel, takeoff, and landing).
(9) Notes
(10) Associated ECAM
MANAGER APPLICATION
The Manager application aims at updating on the iPad the operational data used by FlySmart with
Airbus applications for iPad: performance data and operational manuals.
TASKSHARING
GENERAL
The following task sharing is based on the use of two iPads in order to reduce the risk of
erroneous inputs.
Airbus recommends operating with two iPads.
FLIGHT PREPARATION
IPAD UPDATE DATABASE
To update data used by FlySmart with Airbus applications for iPad, or when EFB version is out
of date:
iPad.............................................................................................................................. ON (BOTH)
MANAGER..........................................................................................................DISPLAY (BOTH)
ADDRESS OF THE GROUND DATA SERVER................................................... ENTER (BOTH)
USERNAME.......................................................................................................... ENTER (BOTH)
PASSWORD..........................................................................................................ENTER (BOTH)
The address of the ground data server, the login and the password are retrieved from previous
connection, if any.
UPDATE ALL.......................................................................................................SELECT (BOTH)
The Manager starts to upload new data (performance and manuals).
When the Manager has finished uploading all the data, the FlySmart with Airbus applications
install the new data in sequence. When invited, the user has to tap the icon of the next
application to continue the installation.
At the end of the installation, the new EFB version appears.
BEFORE TAKEOFF
Before line up:
iPad.............................................................................................................................STOW (BOTH)
IN FLIGHT
Both flight crewmembers should not use the FlySmart with Airbus applications at the same time.
The use of the FlySmart with Airbus applications is restricted to the PNF. If required, the
tasksharing will be temporarily redistributed, in order to crosscheck FlySmart with Airbus
applications results.
DESCENT PREPARATION
Perform an in-flight landing performance assessment if:
‐ Landing conditions have changed, e.g. due to runway or weather conditions or in-flight failure
affecting the performance, or
‐ No preliminary landing performance was established before departure, e.g. in the case of a
diversion, if the Landing application was initialized with the destination airport only.
Note: If meteorological conditions can change, or under active precipitations, consider
performing a backup in-flight landing performance assessment associated with the worst
likely runway condition.
If landing conditions changed:
LANDING PERFORMANCE............................................................................ COMPUTE (PNF)
In the Landing application, modify the selections in accordance with the estimated arrival
conditions:
‐ Select the runway. Modify the runway, as appropriate. Any NOTAM affecting the airport
data should be considered
‐ Enter the weather conditions (WIND, OAT, QNH, RWY COND), check or enter the aircraft
LW, the aircraft LDG CG and the aircraft configuration (e.g. CONF, anti-ice, air conditioning,
etc.)
‐ For the aircraft status, check or select the MEL/CDL items, if any
‐ Launch the computation and check the results versus Airline policy or applicable
regulations.
LANDING PERFORMANCE....................................................................... CROSSCHECK (PF)
DURING APPROACH
Before final approach:
iPad.............................................................................................................................STOW (BOTH)
PARKING
iPad Settings/Airplane Mode..........................................................................................OFF (BOTH)
The transmitting capability of the iPad can be switched on.
GENERAL
APU
APU START............................................................................................................................ DELAY
Use the ground electrical unit and ground pneumatic unit when available.
AIR CONDITIONING
If one PACK is sufficient to supply air during preliminary cockpit preparation:
One PACK.............................................................................................................................OFF
Change between the packs on each flight, in order to prevent excessive wear of one pack.
COCKPIT PREPARATION
AIR CONDITIONING
If one PACK is sufficient to supply air during cockpit preparation:
One PACK.............................................................................................................................OFF
Change between the packs on each flight, in order to prevent excessive wear of one pack.
FMGS INITIALIZATION
INIT PAGE
Cost Index (CI)
Cost Index.....................................................................................Check consistency with CFP
The CI is the ratio of time costs versus fuel costs. the CI does not aim to reduce fuel
consumption.
Tropopause
Tropopause value.......................................................................................................AS RQRD
Check that the tropopause value is correct, in order to ensure the accuracy of FMS
predictions.
TAKEOFF PERF PAGE
Thrust Reduction Altitude (THR RED ALT)/Acceleration Altitude (ACCEL ALT)
If conditions and regulations permit:
THR RED ALT...............................................................................AS LOW AS POSSIBLE
Depending on the regulations, the lowest authorized altitude for thrust reduction may be
400 ft.
ACCEL ALT...................................................................................AS LOW AS POSSIBLE
Depending on the regulations, the lowest authorized altitude for acceleration may be
400 ft.
In order to save fuel, the flight crew should reduce altitude for both thrust reduction and
acceleration.
ATC CLEARANCE
If conditions and performance permit:
TAKEOFF RUNWAY................................................................................................... OPTIMIZE
At airport with reduced traffic, request takeoff from the runway which reduces taxi time and/or
flight time.
Refer to:Refer to LIM-12 Airport Operations for tailwind limitations.
APU
APU START............................................................................................................................ DELAY
Delay APU start as long as possible.
PUSCHBACK/START-UP CLEARANCE
ENGINES START................................................................................................................... DELAY
Ask for a start clearance as late as possible.
AFTER START
APU
If the APU is necessary during or after taxi:
APU BLEED................................................................................................................. KEEP ON
When the engines are running, exhaust gas ingestion may occur during use of the APU bleed.
AIR CONDITIONING
If one PACK is sufficient to supply air during taxi:
ONE PACK............................................................................................................................OFF
Change between the packs on each flight, in order to prevent excessive wear of one pack.
PACK FLOW SELECTION
PACK FLOW................................................................................................................ LO (ECON)
The SOP provide the pack flow settings.
When passenger numbers permit, LO (ECON) mode saves up to 0.5 % of fuel.
When the APU bleed supplies air, the pack flow-setting has no effect on fuel consumption.
ANTI-ICE
The selection of anti-ice increases engine thrust and fuel consumption.
Therefore, the flight crew should only select the anti-ice when necessary.
TAXI
THRUST MANAGEMENT
THRUST...................................................................................................... AS LOW AS POSSIBLE
Avoid excessive thrust application
BEFORE TAKEOFF
AIR CONDITIONING
PACK 1+2.................................................................................................................................... OFF
Select packs to OFF, in order to reduce fuel consumption.
During flexible takeoff, the selection of packs to OFF reduces takeoff EGT and therefore
maintenance costs.
TAKEOFF
AIR CONDITIONING
If PACKS have been set to OFF for takeoff:
At thrust reduction altitude:
ONE PACK....................................................................................................................... ON
The selection of one pack to ON before the thrust levers are in the CLB detent results in
an EGT increase.
At least 10 s after selection of the first pack to ON:
SECOND PACK...................................................................................................................... ON
CLIMB
ECON SPEED
SPEED.............................................................................................................................. MANAGED
Unless resticted by the ATC, use managed speed during climb, in order to fly at the optimum
ECON speed.
ACCELERATION BELOW 10 000 FT
By default, the FMS flight plan takes into account the 250 kt speed limitation below 10 000 ft.
If the ATC permits, remove this limitation, in order to accelerate and save fuel.
CRUISE
‐ Fuel predictions
‐ Determination of OPTI FL.
Update wind information when the change is more than:
‐ 30 ° in direction, or
‐ 30 kt in speed.
MANAGED SPEED
SPEED.............................................................................................................................. MANAGED
Fly in managed speed mode, in order to:
‐ Fly at ECON speed
‐ Optimize speed in accordance with the CI and current flight conditions.
The flight crew should not modify the CI in flight.
DESCENT PREPARATION
LANDING PREPARATION
When landing performance permits, the best combination to reduce fuel costs and brake wear is:
CONF 3 + REV IDLE + Autobrake LO.
If the flight crew needs to reduce the landing distance, they should use the deceleration devices in
the following order :
1. Consider flaps full
2. Consider REV MAX
3. Consider Autobrake MED.
The use of Autobrake MED in combination with CONF 3 and REV IDLE increases the brake
oxidation, which may be severe.
When the flight crew rides the brakes (and overrides the Autobrake) at landing, the same oxidation
phenomenon may occur.
DESCENT
MANAGED SPEED
SPEED.............................................................................................................................. MANAGED
Fly in managed speed mode, in order to:
‐ Fly at ECON speed
‐ Optimize speed in accordance with the CI and weather conditions.
ANTI-ICE
The selection of anti-ice increases engine thrust and fuel consumption. Therefore, the flight crew
should only select anti-ice when necessary.
HOLDING
FLAPS CONFIGURATION
FLAPS................................................................................................................................ AS RQRD
Clean configuration is the optimum configuration for a holding circuit.
When required (holding pattern or speed limitation), the flight crew may consider the selection of
CONF 1.
OPTIMUM SPEED
In CONF CLEAN:
OPTIMUM SPEED.......................................................................................................Green Dot
In clean configuration, fly at Green Dot speed, in order to optimize the lift-to-drag ratio.
APPROACH
DECELERATION
When conditions and ATC permit:
APPROACH....................................................................................................... DECELERATED
A decelerated approach reduces the fuel consumption.
When the approach type does not enable to fly a decelerated approach, the flight crew should
fly a stabilized approach.
FLAPS CONFIGURATION
FLAPS................................................................................................................................ AS RQRD
When landing performance permits, the selection of CONF 3 reduces both the approach time and
fuel consumption.
AFTER LANDING
APU
If both engines are running:
APU START......................................................................................................................DELAY
Delay the start of the APU as long as possible after landing.
AIR CONDITIONING
If one PACK is sufficient to supply air after the landing:
ONE PACK............................................................................................................................OFF
Change between the packs on each flight, in order to prevent excessive wear of one pack.
GENERAL
Except in some operational conditions, such as uphill slopes, slippery taxiways, or high gross weight,
it may be advisable to taxi on one engine. The flight crew must exercise caution when taxiing on one
engine to avoid generating excessive jet blast.
DEPARTURE
The flight crew should use the following procedures for taxiing out, if company policy and regulations
permit.
BRAKE ACCU PRESS...............................................................................................................CHECK
If necessary, use the Y ELEC PUMP to pressurize the brake accumulator.
ENGINE 1................................................................................................................................... START
Use Engine 1 for taxiing because it pressurizes the green hydraulic system (normal braking).
X BLEED.......................................................................................................................................OPEN
This supplies both packs from Engine 1.
Apply the normal “AFTER START” procedures, but:
‐ Keep the APU running to supply engine fire extinguishing, avoid electrical transients and allow the
galley operation.
APU BLEED should be switched off to avoid ingestion of engine exhaust gases in the air
conditioning system.
‐ After both engines have been started, perform the ECAM STATUS check, and then select and set
the engine anti-icing and/or wing anti-icing as required.
ARRIVAL
The flight crew may use the following procedure to taxi in:
APU............................................................................................................................................. START
Start the APU before shutting down the engine, in order to supply the engine fire extinguishing and
avoid additional electrical transients.
No less than 3 min after high thrust operations, and when taxiing in a straight line:
ENG 2........................................................................................................................ SHUT DOWN
Note: During engine shutdown, a slight jerk forward may occur, if brakes are applied while the
aircraft is moving.
Y ELEC PUMP............................................................................................................................ON
This avoids running the PTU.
LIMITATIONS
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LIMITATIONS
PRELIMINARY PAGES
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
LIM-24 Electrical
LIM-28 Fuel
LIM-29 Hydraulic
LIM-34 Navigation
LIM-35 Oxygen
LIM-49 APU
(1)
M Localization DU Title DU identification DU date
LIM-22-20 Automatic Landing in Johannesburg 00013685.0001001 25 APR 13
Criteria: A320
Applicable to: ALL
Impacted DU: NONE
(1) Evolution code : N=New, R=Revised, E=Effectivity
LIMITATIONS
GENERAL LIMITATIONS
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LIMITATIONS
GENERAL LIMITATIONS
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
KIND OF OPERATIONS......................................................................................................................................... B
MINIMUM FLIGHT CREW...................................................................................................................................... C
FLIGHT MANEUVERING LOAD ACCELERATION LIMITS................................................................................... D
GENERAL
This section includes the limitations required by the regulations and contained in the Flight Manual.
All references to airspeed, Mach and altitude relate to indicated airspeed, indicated Mach, and
pressure altitude, unless otherwise noted.
KIND OF OPERATIONS
This airplane is certified in the public transport category (passengers and freight) for day and night
operations, in the following conditions when the appropriate equipment and instruments required by
the airworthiness and operating regulations are approved, installed, and in an operable condition :
‐ VFR and IFR
‐ Extended overwater flight
‐ Flight in icing conditions
‐ Maximum number of passenger seats : 180.
LIMITATIONS
‐ CG limits are given in percentage of the reference chord length aft of the leading edge.
‐ The reference chord length is 4.193 m (13.76 ft). It is 16.31 m (53.51 ft) aft of the aircraft nose.
‐ The CG must always be within these limits, regardless of fuel load.
WEIGHT LIMITATIONS
In exceptional cases (in flight turn back or diversion), an immediate landing at weight above
maximum landing weight is permitted, provided the pilot follows the overweight landing procedure.
LIMITATIONS
Environmental Envelope.......................................................................................................................................... A
Airport Operations and Wind Limitations.................................................................................................................B
ENVIRONMENTAL ENVELOPE
Note: The maximum crosswind values given in the above table are recommended values based
on computations.
LIMITATIONS
SPEED LIMITATIONS
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LIMITATIONS
SPEED LIMITATIONS
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
The maximum operating limit speed VMO/MMO may not be deliberately exceeded in any regime of
flight.
If alternate or direct law is active, full ailerons and rudder application should be confined to speeds
below VA.
If alternate or direct law is active manoeuvres involving angle of attack near stall should be confined
to speeds below VA.
CAUTION Rapid and large alternating control inputs, especially in combination with large
changes in pitch, roll, or yaw (e.g. large sideslip angles) may result in structural
failures at any speed, even below VA.
BUFFET ONSET
Examples:
1. Determine Maximum Bank Angle limited by buffet:
DATA : M = 0.55, FL = 350, CG = 31 %, WEIGHT = 50 000 kg
LEVER
SLATS FLAPS Ind. on ECAM MAX SPD FLIGHT PHASE
POSITION
1 18 0 1 230 HOLDING
1 18 10 1+F 215 TAKEOFF
2 22 15 2 200 TAKEOFF/APPROACH
3 22 20 3 185 TAKEOFF/APPROACH/LANDING
FULL 27 35 FULL 177 LANDING
Maximum speed............................................................................................................................230 kt
Maximum speed............................................................................................................................200 kt
TAXI SPEED
When the taxi weight is higher than 76 000 kg (167 550 lb), do not exceed a taxi speed of 20 kt
during a turn.
STALLING SPEEDS
LIMITATIONS
LIM-21-21_20 Pressurization
Cabin Pressure........................................................................................................................................................ A
LIM-21-21_30 Ventilation
AVIONICS VENTILATION....................................................................................................................................... A
‐ Do not use conditioned air simultaneously from packs and LP ground unit (to avoid chattering of
the non return valves).
‐ Airflow supplied by the ground cart shall not exceed 1.2 kg/s (2.60 lb/s).
Do not use HP ground unit when APU supplies bleed air to avoid bleed system damage.
CABIN PRESSURE
Note: Max Δp and safety valve setting tolerance = ± 7 hPa (0.1 PSI)
AVIONICS VENTILATION
During ground operations, limit the aircraft electric power supply with avionics ventilation system in
normal configuration as follows :
OAT = 49 °C no limitation
OAT = 55 °C time limit 2 h
OAT = 60 °C time limit 1 h
OAT = 64 °C time limit 1/2 h
LIMITATIONS
AUTO FLIGHT
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AUTO FLIGHT
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LIM-22-10 General
Auto Pilot Function.................................................................................................................................................. A
AUTOTHRUST FUNCTION.....................................................................................................................................B
Flight Management Function...................................................................................................................................C
Takeoff in GPS Primary.......................................................................................................................................... D
Use of NAV and Final APP Modes for Non-Precision Approach............................................................................E
Non-Precision Approaches with Engine-Out........................................................................................................... F
Minimum height for use of autopilot on takeoff with SRS mode........................................... 100 ft AGL
(An internal FMGS logic prevents the autopilot from engaging during the 5 s after liftoff).
Minimum height for use of the autopilot in:
‐ Straight-in non precision approach..................................................................... applicable minimum
‐ Circling approach.......................................................................applicable circling minimums -100 ft
‐ ILS approach when CAT2 or CAT3 is not displayed on the FMA .................................... 160 ft AGL
‐ PAR approach (Precision Approach Radar) .................................................................... 250 ft AGL
Use of the AP and/or FD is authorized in PAR approach, with HDG V/S or TRK FPA.
‐ Go-around (AP or FD engagement) ................................................................................ 100 ft AGL
‐ All other phases................................................................................................................ 500 ft AGL
Use of the AP or FD in OPEN DES or DES mode is not permitted in approach, unless the FCU
altitude is set to, or above, MDA (MDH) or 500 ft, whichever is the highest.
AUTOTHRUST FUNCTION
Use of the autothrust is approved with, or without, AP/FD in selected or managed mode.
FMGS lateral and vertical navigation has been certified for after takeoff, en route, and terminal area
operations, for instrument approach procedures (except ILS, LOC, LOC-BC, LDA, SDF and MLS),
and for missed approach procedures.
RNP accuracy with GPS PRIMARY, or radio updating, has been demonstrated to be:
With AP OFF and
With AP ON in NAV With AP OFF and FD OFF
FD ON in NAV
En route 1 nm 1 nm 1.1 nm
In terminal area 0.5 nm 0.51 nm 0.51 nm
In approach 0.3 nm 0.3 nm Not authorized
Without GPS PRIMARY (or GPS deselected or inoperative), the accuracy has been demonstrated,
provided the appropriate RNP value is checked or entered on the MCDU, and HIGH accuracy is
displayed.
Without GPS PRIMARY (or GPS deselected or inoperative), navigation accuracy is a function of
ground radio NAVAID infrastructure, or elapsed time since the last radio update.
For RNP AR with GPS PRIMARY, the following RNP is approved, provided that the operational
assumptions of the Airworthiness Compliance Document (ACD) reference SA 34D09009731 rev 1 or
higher are observed.
RNP AR (normal conditions)(1) With AP ON With AP OFF and FD ON(2)
Departure NAV mode 0.1 nm 0.3 nm
Approach in FINAL
0.1 nm 0.3 nm
APP or APP NAV
Missed approach in NAV 0.1 nm 0.3 nm
(1) Use of RNP AR (normal conditions) assumes that there is no impact if RNP degrades upon engine or systems failure.
Aircraft performance under worst case failure conditions may degrade up to RNP 0.2 with AP ON (see ACD).
(2) Use of AP for all RNP AR operations is recommended (see ACD).
The FMGS is also certified for navigation within BRNAV, PRNAV, RNP-4 and RNP-10 airspace. RNP
10 oceanic/remote area operations are approved with GPS PRIMARY, or without GPS PRIMARY
(or GPS deselected or inoperative), provided time limitations in IRS only navigation (acceptable to
operational authorities), are established.
FMGS approval is based on the assumption that the navigation database has been validated for
intended use.
Obstacle clearance and adherence to airspace constraints remains the flight crew's responsibility.
Fuel, time predictions/performance information is provided for advisory purposes only.
NAV mode may be used after takeoff, provided FMGS runway updating has been checked.
For certain airports, where the difference between the local coordinate system and WGS 84
(geodesic standard used by GPS, FMS) is not negligible, an incorrect NAV guidance may occur after
takeoff.
GPS must be deselected for takeoff from these airports, until a safe altitude is reached.
NAV, or NAV and FINAL APP mode may be used for VOR, VOR/DME, NDB, NDB/DME or RNAV
(including GPS) approach, but not for ILS, LOC, LOC-BC, LDA, SDF, or MLS final approach.
For instrument procedures not coded in the WGS 84 coordinate system, the GPS must be
deselected, unless the shift between the local coordinate system and the WGS 84 is found
acceptable for the intended operation.
No longer applicable
ILS CATEGORY II
ENGINE OUT
CAT II and CAT III fail passive autoland are only approved in configuration FULL, and if engine-out
procedures are completed before reaching 1 000 ft in approach.
Headwind : 30 kt
Tailwind : 10 kt
Crosswind : 20 kt
Note: Wind limitation is based on the surface wind reported by ATC. If the wind displayed on ND
exceeds the above-noted autoland limitations, but the tower reports a surface wind within
the limitations, then the autopilot can remain engaged. If the tower reports a surface wind
beyond limitations, only CAT I automatic approach without autoland can be performed.
AUTOMATIC LANDING
CAT II and CAT III autoland are approved in CONF 3 and CONF FULL.
Automatic landing is demonstrated :
‐ With CAT II and CAT III ILS beam.
‐ With slope angle within (–2.5 °, –3.15 °) range.
‐ At or below the maximum landing weight.
‐ For airport elevation at or below 9 200 ft (8 000 ft for A320-111).
‐ At approach speed (VAPP) = VLS + wind correction.
Minimum wind correction 5 kt, maximum wind correction 15 kt.
Automatic landing is not allowed below-1 000 ft pressure altitude.
Automatic rollout performance has been approved on dry and wet runways, but performance on
snow-covered or icy runways has not been demonstrated.
The automatic landing system’s performance has been demonstrated on runways equipped with
CAT II or CAT III ILS approaches. However, automatic landing in CAT I or better weather conditions
is possible on CAT I ground installations or when ILS sensitive areas are not protected, if the
following precautions are taken:
‐ The airline has checked that the ILS beam quality and the effect of terrain profile before
the runway have no adverse effect on AP/FD guidance. In particular, the effect of terrain
discontinuities within 300 m before runway threshold must be evaluated.
‐ The crew is aware that LOC or GS beam fluctuations, independent of the aircraft systems, may
occur and the PF is prepared to immediately disconnect the AP and take appropriate action,
should unsatisfactory guidance occur.
‐ At least CAT2 capability is displayed on the FMA, and CAT II/III procedures are used.
‐ Visual references are obtained at an altitude appropriate to the performed CAT I approach,
otherwise go–around is initiated.
LIMITATIONS
ELECTRICAL
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ELECTRICAL
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ELECTRICAL........................................................................................................................................................... A
ELECTRICAL
LIMITATIONS
FLIGHT CONTROLS
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FLIGHT CONTROLS
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Maximum operating altitude with flaps and/or slats extended is 20 000 ft.
LIMITATIONS
FUEL
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LIMITATIONS
FUEL
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OPERATING MANUAL
The fuel system has been certified with JET A1, JP 8, JET A, JP 5, RT, TS-1, JET B, JP 4 and N°3
JET, in accordance with engine manufacturers and fuel specifications.
The variation is linear between these values (No limitation below 2 250 kg /4 960 lb)
OUTER TANKS
Maximum allowed imbalance 690 kg (1 521 lb)(1)
(1)
Maximum outer wing tank imbalance (one full/one empty) is allowed provided:
• Fuel content of one side (outer + inner) is equal to the fuel content of the other side (outer + inner), or
• On the side of the lighter outer tank, the inner tank fuel quantity is higher than the opposite inner tank quantity, up
to a maximum of 3 000 kg/6 614 lb higher.
Note: In exceptional conditions (i.e., fuel system failures) the above-mentioned maximum fuel
imbalance values may be exceeded without significantly affecting the aircraft handling
qualities. The aircraft remains fully controllable in all phases of the flight.
FUEL TEMPERATURE
JET A1/JP
JET A JP 5 RT TS-1 JET B JP 4
8/N°3 JET
MINI -43 °C -36 °C (1) -42 °C -45 °C -45 °C -46 °C -54 °C
MAXI 54 °C 49 °C
(1) For JET A only, if TAT reaches -34 °C, monitor on FUEL SD page that fuel temperature remains higher than -36 °C.
Fuel in center tank is to be regarded as unusable if the wing fuel temperature exceeds the following
values before engine start and if the given flight level is exceeded before the center tank fuel has
been used:
‐ +30 °C not above FL 350
‐ +40 °C not above FL 300
‐ +49 °C not above FL 250
Reason: At high altitude with high fuel temperature, the pressure delivered by the center tank
pumps becomes lower than the pressure delivered by the wing tank pumps.
FUEL MANAGEMENT
FUEL MIXABILITY
LIMITATIONS
HYDRAULIC
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HYDRAULIC
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HYDRAULIC.............................................................................................................................................................A
HYDRAULIC
LIMITATIONS
LANDING GEAR
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LANDING GEAR
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Brakes...................................................................................................................................................................... A
AUTOBRAKE........................................................................................................................................................... B
TAXI WITH DEFLATED TIRES...............................................................................................................................C
Nosewheel Steering (NWS).................................................................................................................................... D
BRAKES
AUTOBRAKE
Use of the autobrake does not relieve the pilot of his responsibility to safely stop within the available
runway length, by taking over brake control with brake pedals, if necessary.
The flight crew can disengage the automatic braking system by:
‐ Pressing the pushbutton of the armed mode, or
‐ Applying sufficient pressure to the brake pedals.
If tire damage is suspected after landing or after a rejected takeoff, an inspection of the tires is
required before taxi. If the tire is deflated but not damaged, the aircraft can be taxied at low speed
with the following limitations :
1. If one tire is deflated on one or more gears (ie. a maximum of three tires), the speed should be
limited to 7 kt when turning.
2. If two tires are deflated on the same main gear (the other main gear tires not being deflated),
speed should be limited to 3 kt and the nose wheel steering angle limited to 30 °.
LIMITATIONS
NAVIGATION
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NAVIGATION
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OPERATING MANUAL
The ground alignment of the IRS has been demonstrated to be acceptable between 73 ° North and
73 ° South.
If all ADIRUs have the same magnetic variation table:
Flights using the NAV mode are prohibited:
‐ North of 73 ° North, and
‐ South of 60 ° South.
If one ADIRU has a different magnetic variation table:
Flights using the NAV mode are prohibited:
‐ North of 60 ° North, between 30 ° West and 160 ° West, and
‐ North of 73 ° North, and
‐ South of 55 ° South.
ISIS
When both PFDs are lost, the ISIS bugs function must not be used.
LIMITATIONS
OXYGEN
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OXYGEN
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LIMITATIONS
APU
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APU
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LIM-49-10 General
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
LIM-49-20 Envelope
Envelope.................................................................................................................................................................. A
Generator Load........................................................................................................................................................B
Electrical Power/Air Bleed Extraction......................................................................................................................C
GENERAL
OIL QUANTITY
The APU may be started and operated even if the LOW OIL LEVEL ECAM advisory is displayed.
Maintenance action is required within next 10 h of APU operation.
APU STARTER
After 3 starter motor duty cycles, wait 60 min before attempting 3 more cycles.
ROTOR SPEED
Maximum N (ECAM display).................................................................................................... 107 %
Note: The APU automatically shuts down at 107 % N speed, that appears on the ECAM.
This corresponds to an actual N speed of 106 %.
EGT
Maximum EGT.........................................................................................................................675 °C
Maximum for start (below 35 000 ft).................................................................................... 1 090 °C
Maximum for start (above 35 000 ft)....................................................................................1 120 °C
ENVELOPE
Note: In the APU start envelope, the APU start is guaranteed within 3 consecutive start attempts.
GENERATOR LOAD
LIMITATIONS
POWER PLANT
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POWER PLANT
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OIL
RPM
N1 max......................................................................................................................................... 104 %
Note: The N1 limit depends upon ambient conditions, and engine airbleed configuration. These
may limit N1 to a value lower than the one noted above (For additional information, refer to
Performance/Thrust Ratings).
N2 max......................................................................................................................................... 105 %
STARTER
REVERSE THRUST
‐ Takeoff at reduced thrust is only permitted, if the airplane meets all applicable performance
requirements at the planned takeoff weight, with the operating engines at the thrust available for
the assumed temperature.
‐ Thrust reduction must not exceed 25 % of the full rated takeoff thrust. To meet this requirement,
the flexible temperature must not be higher than ISA + 53 °C(T MAX FLEX).
‐ The assumed temperature must not be lower than the flat rating temperature, or the current OAT.
‐ Takeoff at reduced thrust is not permitted on contaminated runways.
‐ Takeoff at reduced thrust is permitted with any inoperative item affecting the performance, only if
the associated performance shortfall has been applied to meet all performance requirements at
the takeoff weight, with the operating engines at the thrust available for the flex temperature.
OPERATIONS
ENGINEERING BULLETINS
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PRELIMINARY PAGES
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
OEB-40 AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED ABNORMAL PR or AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED FAULT
OEB-41 Erroneous Alternate Fuel Predictions Upon Modification of a Company Route in the
Alternate Flight Plan
OPERATIONS
ENGINEERING BULLETINS
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
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GENERAL DESCRIPTION
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General Description................................................................................................................................................. A
Cross Reference Between the Former and New OEB Identifications.....................................................................B
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
An Operations Engineering Bulletin (OEB) is issued to rapidly inform operators of any deviations from
initial design objectives that have a significant operational impact. An OEB provides the operators
with technical information and temporary operational procedures that address these deviations.
TYPE OF OEB
OEBs can either be red or white, depending on their level of priority.
‐ RED OEBs are issued to indicate that non-compliance with the recommended procedures may
have a significant impact on the safe operation of the aircraft.
‐ WHITE OEBs are issued to indicate that non-compliance with the recommended procedures
may have a significant impact on aircraft operation.
Airbus strongly recommends that all Operators rapidly apply the OEB corrective actions as soon
as they become available, particularly for red OEBs.
Note: The FCOM OEB and associated QRH OEB PROC have the same OEB number
in order to be consistent. However, the issue number of the QRH OEB PROC and
the FCOM OEB may be different, because a revision of an FCOM OEB does not
necessarily result in a revision of the corresponding QRH OEB PROC, that only
provides the procedure part.
The "T" field indicates the Type of OEB:
‐ The "W" letter indicates a white OEB, or
‐ The "R" letter indicates a red OEB.
Note: OEBs are listed by type of OEB (RED OEBs first, then WHITE OEBs), and in
numerical order for each type of OEB. This enables the flight crew to easily review the
OEBs before flight.
The "E" field indicates whether or not the OEB affects ECAM procedure(s). This enable the
flight crew to easily review the OEBs before flight particularly for Operators that use the OEB
REMINDER function:
‐ The "Y" letter indicates that the OEB affects only ECAM procedure(s),
‐ The "N" letter indicates that at least one of the procedures provided in the OEB does not
affect ECAM procedure(s).
CAUTION When Airbus provides the Operator with the LEOEB, the information
“AFFECTS ECAM : Y” ("E" field) does not necessarily mean that (for Operators
using the OEB REMINDER function) the Operator’s maintenance personnel
has activated the OEB REMINDER codes for this OEB onboard the aircraft.
It is the Operator’s responsibility to define a suitable process for providing the
flight crew with confirmation that the OEB REMINDER codes are activated for
the ECAM alerts affected by OEBs.
The "Rev Date" field indicates the date at which the OEB content was issued/changed
The "Title" field provides the OEB title.
QRH LIST OF EFFECTIVE OEB
The List of Effective Operations Engineering Bulletins (LEOEB) enables to review all the
Operations Engineering Bulletins (OEBs) that are applicable to the fleet. Each time an OEB is
issued or revised, the LEOEB is updated.
DISTRIBUTION
OEB are distributed to all affected Operators. The Operators shall provide flight crews with the
content of the OEB without delay.
CAUTION As soon as the maintenance personnel has embodied the corrective action that
cancels the OEB on a specific aircraft, the Operator must ensure that:
1. Maintenance personnel has deactivated the OEB REMINDER function for
the specific OEB, before informing their Flight Operations department of the
installation of the OEB correction action.
2. The QRH OEB section onboard the aircraft is updated to remove the specific
OEB from the applicable aircraft.
Following the entry into service of the new digital FCOM/QRH, the OEB/OEBPROC identifications
were changed.
Note: The former OEB identification is also provided within each OEB.
The following table provides the cross reference between the former and the new OEB/OEBPROC
identifications:
Former OEB New OEB OEB
Aircraft Manual Issue OEB Title
Identification Identification Type
A318/319/320/321 FCOM 78 6
OEB 2 R Braking Misbehaviour
A318/319/320/321 QRH 78 1
A318/319/320/321 FCOM 101 2
OEB 3 W Nose Landing Gear
A318/319/320/321 QRH 101 1
A318/319/320/321 FCOM 124 4 VOR Bearing Fluctuations
OEB 4 W
A318/319/320/321 QRH 124 1 (Bendix VOR)
A318/319/320/321 FCOM 137 1
OEB 5 W Loss of Braking
A318/319/320/321 QRH 137 1
A318/319/320/321 FCOM 138 2 Partial Deployment of
OEB 6 W
A318/319/320/321 QRH 138 1 Passenger Oxygen Masks
A318/319/320/321 FCOM 140 2
OEB 7 W False ECAM Amber Cautions
A318/319/320/321 QRH 140 1
A318/319/320/321 FCOM 141 3
OEB 8 W Insufficient Bank Angle
A318/319/320/321 QRH 141 1
A318/319/320/321 FCOM 142 1 Dual FWC Failure following
OEB 9 W
A318/319/320/321 QRH 142 1 Status Page Display
A318/319/320/321 FCOM 144 3
OEB 10 W No Transition to Go-Around Phase
A318/319/320/321 QRH 144 1
A318/319/320/321 FCOM 152 3 "ENG 1(2) OIL FILTER CLOG"
OEB 11 W
A318/319/320/321 QRH 152 1 ECAM Caution During Flight
Continued on the following page
OPERATIONS
ENGINEERING BULLETINS
RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB
OEB38 Issue 2
Associated with QRH OEB Proc N°: OEB38/2.0
ERRONEOUS RADIO ALTIMETER HEIGHT INDICATION
Approved by: Head of Airbus Flight Operations & Training Support
- This OEB covers a significant operational issue. Non-compliance with this OEB should have
a significant impact on the safe operations of the aircraft. The Operators shall distribute its
content to all flight crews without delay. An extract of this OEB is provided for insertion in the
QRH.
- In addition, it is recommended that all Operators rapidly incorporate applicable corrective
Service Bulletins as soon as they become available.
Reason for issue: Issue 2: Enhancement of the procedure in order to clarify flight
crew actions per phase of flight.
Issue 1: In follow-up to questions received from several Operators,
the objective of this OEB is to recall Operators of the possible
operational consequences of an erroneous Radio Altimeter (RA)
height indication.
In addition, this OEB is issued to:
‐ Highlight that during an ILS (or MLS, or GLS) approach with AP
engaged, in the event of an unexpected early FLARE and THR
IDLE modes engagement, the flight crew must immediately react
to prevent the increase of the angle-of-attack.
‐ Provide an explanation of erroneous RA height indication effects
on the Auto Flight System (AFS) and flight control laws.
Applicable to: All A318/A319/A320/A321 aircraft.
Cancelled by: ELAC L97 standard: Mod 154896 / MP P13619, or Mod 155746 /
MP P13977
Note: The interchangeability code, given in the Illustrated Part Catalog (IPC), indicates the conditions for
interchangeability of equipment. After installation of corrective modification(s)/SB(s), if an Operator reinstalls any
equipment affected by this OEB, it is the Operator's responsibility to ensure that the recommendations given in this
OEB are applied again for the applicable aircraft.
RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB
Operations Engineering Bulletins are issued by Airbus, as the need arises, to quickly transmit
technical and procedural information. They are distributed to all FCOM holders and to others
who need advice of changes to operational information.
The information in the OEB is recommended by Airbus, but may not be approved by
Airworthiness Authorities. If the procedures contained in this OEB differ from the procedures in
the AFM, the AFM remains the reference.
RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB
M Localization T DU Title DU identification DU date
R OEB-38 Erroneous Radio Altimeter Height 00013580.0001001 08 APR 14
indication
Criteria: SA
Applicable to: ALL
OEB-38 Erroneous Radio Altimeter Height 00013582.0001001 08 APR 14
Indication
Criteria: SA
Applicable to: ALL
RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB
EXPLANATION
If an RA transmits erroneous height indication, this may have any of the following effects on
aircraft systems depending on the flight phase. However, these effects may not necessarily
occur in every case of an erroneous RA height indication.
On the Primary Flight Display (PFD):
‐ The RA height indication (possibly negative) is frozen and appears in either amber or green
depending on the height
‐ Discrepancy between both PFDs (RA indications, FD orders, and if both AP engaged, PFD
FMAs)
On the System Display (SD):
‐ A pulsing Cabin Differential Pressure Advisory appears on CAB PRESS page (No
consequence on cabin pressure)
Warnings / Callouts:
‐ Untimely Terrain Awareness and Warning System (TAWS) alerts
‐ Untimely or absence of “RETARD” callout
‐ Untimely L/G GEAR NOT DOWN ECAM warning
‐ Absence or interruption of RA automatic callout (height announcement)
‐ Activation of AUTOLAND light warning light in ILS (or MLS, GLS) approach (Refer to FCOM
DSC 22_30 - Auto Flight - Flight Guidance) with AP engaged in LAND or FLARE mode
when:
• One RA height goes below 200 ft and
• The difference between both RA height indications is greater than 15 ft.
Note: There is no ECAM message or audio warning in association to the AUTOLAND
warning light. The AUTOLAND warning can be triggered even if AUTOLAND is
not planned.
RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB
• Untimely/early engagement of the LAND / FLARE / THR IDLE modes if the RA height
used by the FG is erroneous and lower than the real height.
Note: During ILS (or MLS, GLS) approach with AP and A/THR engaged, THR IDLE
(RETARD) mode untimely engagement will be associated with an initial pitch
attitude increase due to FLARE mode engagement.
• In AUTOLAND, the LAND / FLARE / THR IDLE modes will not engage, if the RA height
used by the FG is erroneous and higher than the real height.
• In case of Go-Around and if the RA is still frozen at a very low height indication:
▪ SRS and GA TRK modes engage
▪ NAV, HDG or TRK lateral modes cannot be selected
▪ LVR CLB will not be displayed on the FMA at THR RED ALT
▪ ALT* and ALT will not engage at FCU altitude.
Disconnecting AP and resetting both FDs enable to recover basic mode (HDG and V/S).
During an ILS (or MLS, GLS) approach with AP engaged, if an erroneous and very low RA
height indication occurs, THR IDLE and FLARE modes may engage early with the following
consequences:
‐ In CONF FULL, the AP disconnection associated to the High Angle of Attack protection is
not available. As a consequence the autopilot will not automatically disconnect at α prot
+1 °. If the flight crew does not immediately react, the angle-of-attack will increase and may
reach the stall value.
‐ In configurations other than CONF FULL, the AP disconnection associated to the High
Angle of Attack protection is available. The autopilot will automatically disconnect at α prot
+1 °.
‐ Loss of ALPHA FLOOR.
‐ The LOW ENERGY AUDIO WARNING – “SPEED SPEED SPEED” - remains available. In
case of activation of LOW ENERGY AUDIO WARNING, the flight crew must react as per
procedure (Refer to PRO-ABN-10 LOW ENERGY AURAL ALERT).
‐ In CONF FULL, the auto-trim function is inhibited.
‐ In manual flight or after AP disconnection, significant longitudinal sidestick input may be
required.
Continued on the following page
RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB – RED OEB
During go-around:
If SRS and GA TRK modes remain engaged and other guidance modes cannot
be selected or engaged as expected:
Note: ‐ At the thrust reduction altitude, LVR CLB will not be displayed on the FMA,
‐ ALT* and ALT will not engage at the FCU altitude.
Disconnect APs.
Set both FDs to OFF then ON. FDs revert to basic modes (HDG - V/S).
Re-engage guidance modes as appropriate.
For the approach that follows the go-around: Do not arm the G/S mode.
Flight crews must report, in the technical logbook, any of the above-listed consequences of
erroneous RA height.
2
CORRECTIVE ACTION
ELAC L97 standard.
END OF OEB38
OPERATIONS
ENGINEERING BULLETINS
AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED ABNORMAL PR or AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED FAULT............................................................. A
AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED ABNORMAL PR or AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED FAULT............................................................. B
OEB40 Issue 1
Associated with QRH OEB Proc N°: OEB40/1.0
AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED ABNORMAL PR OR AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED FAULT
Approved by: Head of Flight Operations Support and Services
- This OEB covers a significant operational issue. Non-compliance with this OEB should have a
significant impact on the operations of the aircraft. The Operators shall distribute its content to all
flight crews without delay. An extract of this OEB is provided for insertion in the QRH.
- It is recommended that all Operators accelerate the incorporation of all corrective Service Bulletins
as soon as they become available.
Reason for issue: This OEB replaces the A320 OEB 203.
Subsequent to several dual bleed loss cases reported by Operators,
Airbus decided to develop different technical solutions to improve the
robustness of the bleed system. These technical solutions, although
significantly reducing the number of dual bleed loss occurrences, cannot
fully avoid such occurrences.
Therefore, this OEB is published in order to provide all SA Operators
with operational procedures aiming at further reducing the number
of dual bleed loss occurrences, whatever the bleed system solution
installed.
Applicable to: All A320 family aircraft.
Cancelled by: FWC Standard H2-F6 (MOD 151269)
Note: The interchangeability code, given in the Illustrated Part Catalog (IPC), indicates the conditions for interchangeability
of equipment. After installation of corrective modification(s)/SB(s), if an Operator reinstalls any equipment affected by this
OEB, it is the Operator's responsibility to ensure that the recommendations given in this OEB are applied again for the
applicable aircraft.
Operations Engineering Bulletins are issued by Airbus, as the need arises, to quickly transmit
technical and procedural information. They are distributed to all FCOM holders and to others who
need advice of changes to operational information.
The information in the OEB is recommended by Airbus, but may not be approved by Airworthiness
Authorities. If the procedures contained in this OEB differ from the procedures in the AFM, the AFM
remains the reference.
AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED ABNORMAL PR OR AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED FAULT
EXPLANATION
In case of AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED ABNORMAL PR or AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED FAULT ECAM
cautions, the current associated ECAM procedures, ask to open the crossbleed valve in order
to supply both Packs (or one Pack and the Wing Anti-Ice system) with the remaining engine
bleed. This leads to an increase in air demand on the remaining engine bleed. On ageing bleed
equipment or due to undetected failure, the remaining bleed may not succeed in sustaining this
increase in air demand. In that case, it can result in an overheat of the remaining engine bleed
and subsequent loss of the entire engine bleed system, leading to possible emergency descents.
The purpose of this OEB is, therefore, to prevent from the loss of the remaining engine bleed by
reducing the bleed air demand, when the first engine bleed has been already lost.
PROCEDURE
Apply the corresponding procedures if one of the following ECAM caution is triggered:
‐ AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED ABNORMAL PR
‐ AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED FAULT
AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED ABNORMAL PR
If Wing Anti-Ice is OFF
PACK FLOW....................................................................................................LO (A319/A320)
ECON FLOW............................................................................................................ ON (A321)
AFT CARGO HOT AIR (if installed)................................................................................... OFF
X BLEED..........................................................................................................................OPEN
BLEED page....................................................................................... SELECT and MONITOR
If the precooler outlet temperature of the remaining bleed exceeds 240 °C within
2 min after X BLEED valve opening:
PACK (on the first affected bleed side)....................................................................... OFF
Note: If Wing Anti-Ice is required (icing conditions) while operating with one PACK,
consider switching OFF the remaining pack, if aircraft's altitude permits.
If Wing Anti-Ice is ON
If both PACKS are ON
PACK (affected bleed side)..........................................................................................OFF
X BLEED..........................................................................................................................OPEN
BLEED Page.......................................................................................SELECT and MONITOR
Continued on the following page
AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED ABNORMAL PR OR AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED FAULT (Cont'd)
If the precooler outlet temperature of the remaining bleed exceeds 240 °C within
2 min after X BLEED valve opening:
BLEED AIR DEMAND.......................................................................................... REDUCE
Consider reducing the bleed air demand, by, depending on the flight conditions:
‐ Switching OFF the remaining pack (if aircraft's altitude permits), or
‐ Switching OFF the Wing Anti-Ice system (if no longer icing conditions).
AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED FAULT
ENG BLEED affected................................................................................................................OFF
If Wing Anti-Ice is OFF
PACK FLOW....................................................................................................LO (A319/A320)
ECON FLOW............................................................................................................ ON (A321)
AFT CARGO HOT AIR (if installed)................................................................................... OFF
X BLEED..........................................................................................................................OPEN
BLEED Page.......................................................................................SELECT and MONITOR
If the precooler outlet temperature of the remaining bleed exceeds 240 °C within
2 min after X BLEED valve opening:
PACK (on the first affected bleed side)....................................................................... OFF
Note: If Wing Anti-Ice is required (icing conditions) while operating with one PACK,
consider switching OFF the remaining pack, if aircraft's altitude permits.
If Wing Anti-Ice is ON
If both PACKS are ON
PACK (affected bleed side)..........................................................................................OFF
X BLEED..........................................................................................................................OPEN
BLEED Page.......................................................................................SELECT and MONITOR
If the precooler outlet temperature of the remaining bleed exceeds 240 °C within
2 min after X BLEED valve opening:
BLEED AIR DEMAND.......................................................................................... REDUCE
Consider reducing the bleed air demand, by, depending on the flight conditions:
‐ Switching OFF the remaining pack (if aircraft's altitude permits), or
‐ Switching OFF the Wing Anti-Ice system (if no longer icing conditions).
Continued on the following page
AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED ABNORMAL PR OR AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED FAULT (Cont'd)
OEB REMINDER
For aircraft that have the OEB reminder function activated, the AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED
ABNORMAL PR and AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED FAULT ECAM cautions procedure and status may
be flagged.
If the AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED ABNORMAL PR and AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED FAULT ECAM cautions
procedure are flagged, the ECAM will display the REFER TO QRH PROC line or REFER TO
QRH/OEB PROC line (depending on Flight Warning Computer (FWC) standard) instead of the
procedure itself.
To flag the procedure and the status that corresponds to the AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED ABNORMAL
PR and AIR ENG 1(2) BLEED FAULT ECAM cautions, the following code must be entered in the
FWC OEB database:
CODE WARN STS
AIR ENG 1 BLEED ABNORMAL PR Y N
36/11/150/081
AIR ENG 2 BLEED ABNORMAL PR Y N
36/11/160/083
AIR ENG 1 BLEED FAULT Y N
36/21/010/075
AIR ENG 2 BLEED FAULT Y N
36/21/020/077
CORRECTIVE ACTION
The embodiment of FWC Standard H2-F6 (MOD 151269) cancels the need for this OEB.
END OF OEB40
OPERATIONS
ENGINEERING BULLETINS
Erroneous Alternate Fuel Predictions Upon Modification of a Company Route in the Alternate Flight Plan........... A
Erroneous Alternate Fuel Predictions Upon Modification of a Company Route in the Alternate Flight Plan........... B
OEB41 Issue 2
Associated with QRH OEB Proc N°: OEB41/1.0
ERRONEOUS ALTERNATE FUEL PREDICTIONS UPON MODIFICATION
OF A COMPANY ROUTE IN THE ALTERNATE FLIGHT PLAN
Approved by: Head of Flight Operations Support and Services
- This OEB covers a significant operational issue. Non-compliance with this OEB should have a
significant impact on the operations of the aircraft. The Operators shall distribute its content to all
flight crews without delay. An extract of this OEB is provided for insertion in the QRH.
- It is recommended that all Operators accelerate the incorporation of all corrective Service Bulletins
as soon as they become available.
Note: The interchangeability code, given in the Illustrated Part Catalog (IPC), indicates the conditions for interchangeability
of equipment. After installation of corrective modification(s)/SB(s), if an Operator reinstalls any equipment affected by this
OEB, it is the Operator's responsibility to ensure that the recommendations given in this OEB are applied again for the
applicable aircraft.
Operations Engineering Bulletins are issued by Airbus, as the need arises, to quickly transmit
technical and procedural information. They are distributed to all FCOM holders and to others who
need advice of changes to operational information.
The information in the OEB is recommended by Airbus, but may not be approved by Airworthiness
Authorities. If the procedures contained in this OEB differ from the procedures in the AFM, the AFM
remains the reference.
EXPLANATION
When the flight crew modifies the CO RTE in the ALTN F-PLN, the FMS no longer computes the
ALTN fuel predictions (refer to the below illustration).
This CO RTE could be extracted from the Navigation database or stored by the flight crew.
The modification of the CO RTE by the flight crew could be for example an entry of a departure
or an arrival procedure.
END OF OEB41
OPERATIONS
ENGINEERING BULLETINS
OEB43 Issue 3
Associated with QRH OEB Proc N°: OEB43/4.0
F/CTL SPOILER FAULT
- This OEB covers a significant operational issue. Non-compliance with this OEB should have a
significant impact on the operations of the aircraft. The Operators shall distribute its content to all
flight crews without delay. An extract of this OEB is provided for insertion in the QRH.
- It is recommended that all Operators accelerate the incorporation of all corrective Service Bulletins
as soon as they become available.
Reason for issue: This OEB replaces the A320 OEB 208.
‐ Several cases of spoiler runaway occurring in flight have been
reported. During these events, the failed spoiler remained in the full
deflected position for the remaining of the flight. The purpose of this
OEB is to inform operators about the operational impact of such a
failure and to provide the associated operational procedure.
‐ Following flight test, this OEB is revised to modify the procedure part
of this OEB and to give the corrective action that cancel the need for
this OEB.
‐ This OEB is revised to take into account the publication of In-Flight
Landing Distances (QRH FPE-IFL).
Applicable to: All A318/A319/A320/A321 Aircrafts.
Cancelled by: H2F7 FWC Standard
Note: The interchangeability code, given in the Illustrated Part Catalog (IPC), indicates the conditions for interchangeability
of equipment. After installation of corrective modification(s)/SB(s), if an Operator reinstalls any equipment affected by this
OEB, it is the Operator's responsibility to ensure that the recommendations given in this OEB are applied again for the
applicable aircraft.
Operations Engineering Bulletins are issued by Airbus, as the need arises, to quickly transmit
technical and procedural information. They are distributed to all FCOM holders and to others who
need advice of changes to operational information.
The information in the OEB is recommended by Airbus, but may not be approved by Airworthiness
Authorities. If the procedures contained in this OEB differ from the procedures in the AFM, the AFM
remains the reference.
EXPLANATION
Investigations have shown that the root cause of these events is the deterioration of an O-ring
seal in the spoiler's servo-valve. This deterioration allows high hydraulic pressure to go in the
extension piston chamber leading to an uncontrolled spoiler deflection in full position.
In most of cases, the autopilot has not enough authority to counteract the roll induced by spoiler
runaway. Therefore, the autopilot disconnects and the flight crew takes over to recover wing level
in normal law.
When this issue occurs, the F/CTL SPLR FAULT ECAM caution triggers and the F/CTL S/D
page shows an amber deflected arrow on the failed spoiler. This information does not, however,
enable the flight crew to determine whether the faulty spoiler is partially or fully deflected.
AIRBUS recommendations assume that if the F/CTL SPLR FAULT ECAM caution triggers,
along with at least one amber deflected spoiler arrow displayed on the F/CTL S/D page, the
spoiler is supposed to be fully deflected.
PROCEDURE
If F/CTL SPLR FAULT is triggered
F/CTL S/D page............................................................................................................ CHECK
The flight crew should check the spoiler position on the F/CTL System Display page.
If all amber spoilers are indicated retracted:
Loss of one or more spoilers in the retracted position. In such a case, the flight crew
must apply the following operational procedure that reflects the F/CTL SPLR FAULT
ECAM caution.
Continued on the following page
AP................................................................................................................................. OFF
Depending on the failed spoiler position, the AP may not have enough authority to
counteract the roll induced by spoiler runaway.
SPEED................................................................................................................ GDOT+10
Whenever possible, target green dot speed +10 kt to minimize fuel consumption.
However, if buffet is encountered at GDOT speed +10 kt, increase speed to fly out of
buffet condition.
CRUISE ALTITUDE....................................................................................AS REQUIRED
Current Flight Level (FL) may not be maintained due to increased drag. Maintain a cruise
FL as high as possible.
FUEL CONSUMPTION INCREASED
FMS FUEL PRED.......................................................................................... DISREGARD
FUEL CONSUMPTION...................................................................................DETERMINE
DIVERSION...................................................................................................... CONSIDER
APPR PROC
Continued on the following page
CORRECTIVE ACTION
H2F7 FWC standard will cancel the need for this OEB and should be available end 2012 at the
earliest.
END OF OEB43
OPERATIONS
ENGINEERING BULLETINS
OEB44 Issue 2
Associated with QRH OEB Proc N°: OEB44/4.0
L/G GEAR NOT DOWNLOCKED
- This OEB covers a significant operational issue. Non-compliance with this OEB should have a
significant impact on the operations of the aircraft. The Operators shall distribute its content to all
flight crews without delay. An extract of this OEB is provided for insertion in the QRH.
- It is recommended that all Operators accelerate the incorporation of all corrective Service Bulletins
as soon as they become available.
Note: The interchangeability code, given in the Illustrated Part Catalog (IPC), indicates the conditions for interchangeability
of equipment. After installation of corrective modification(s)/SB(s), if an Operator reinstalls any equipment affected by this
OEB, it is the Operator's responsibility to ensure that the recommendations given in this OEB are applied again for the
applicable aircraft.
Operations Engineering Bulletins are issued by Airbus, as the need arises, to quickly transmit
technical and procedural information. They are distributed to all FCOM holders and to others who
need advice of changes to operational information.
The information in the OEB is recommended by Airbus, but may not be approved by Airworthiness
Authorities. If the procedures contained in this OEB differ from the procedures in the AFM, the AFM
remains the reference.
EXPLANATION
The current L/G GEAR NOT DOWNLOCKED ECAM warning procedure requires the recycling of
the landing gear before initiating L/G gravity extension.
Recent study has shown that waiting for 2 min after the recycling of the landing gear may allow
gears to extend under normal powered extension. Waiting for 2 min before extending the landing
gear by gravity will allow hydraulic pressure to continue to act on doors and gears.
In the case the landing gear is not locked down within 30 s after the lever is selected down, this
waiting time may allow the normal landing gear extension to work successfully.
Therefore this OEB is issued to recommend that after the recycling of the landing gear, the flight
crew waits for 2 min before extending the landing gear by gravity.
PROCEDURE
Apply the following procedure if the ECAM triggers the L/G GEAR NOT DOWNLOCKED warning:
OEB REMINDER
For aircraft that have the OEB Reminder Function activated, the L/G GEAR NOT
DOWNLOCKED ECAM warning procedure and status may be flagged.
If the L/G GEAR NOT DOWNLOCKED ECAM warning procedure is flagged, the ECAM will
display the "REFER TO QRH PROCline or "REFER TO QRH/OEB PROC" line (depending on
Flight Warning Computer (FWC) standard) instead of the procedure itself.
To flag the procedure and the status that corresponds to the L/G GEAR NOT DOWNLOCKED
ECAM warning, the following code must be entered in the FWC OEB database:
CODE WARN STS
L/G GEAR NOT DOWNLOCKED Y N
Continued on the following page
CORRECTIVE ACTION
H2F7 FWC standard will introduce this recommendation in the L/G GEAR NOT DOWNLOCKED
ECAM warning. Therefore, H2F7 FWC standard will cancel the need for this OEB.
END OF OEB44
PERFORMANCE
Intentionally left blank
PERFORMANCE
PRELIMINARY PAGES
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
PER-LOD Loading
PER-TOF Takeoff
PER-CLB Climb
PER-CRZ Cruise
PER-HLD Holding
PER-DES Descent
PER-GOA Go Around
PER-LDG Landing
PERFORMANCE
LOADING
Intentionally left blank
PERFORMANCE
LOADING
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
PER-LOD-GEN GENERAL
DEFINITIONS...........................................................................................................................................................A
PER-LOD-FUL FUEL
GENERAL INFORMATION......................................................................................................................................A
REFUELING.............................................................................................................................................................B
GROUND FUEL TRANSFER..................................................................................................................................C
DEFUELING.............................................................................................................................................................D
OVERWING GRAVITY REFUELING...................................................................................................................... E
REFUELING WITH ONE ENGINE RUNNING........................................................................................................ F
APU START/SHUTDOWN DURING REFUELING/DEFUELING............................................................................G
USE OF MANUAL MAGNETIC INDICATORS (MMI)............................................................................................. H
DEFINITIONS
GENERAL
DESCRIPTION
Each compartment is divided into sections, and is designed to be category D (for A320 and A319) or
category C (A321, A319 and A320 ) as defined by FAR.
A placard in each compartment indicates the maximum authorized gross weight.
The compartments have separate lighting.
RESTRAINT SYSTEM
Divider nets subdivide the compartments to allow them to be partially loaded and to retain the bulk.
Door nets which protect the doors from shifting cargo, must be used whenever the compartment
contain cargo.
A semi-automatic cargo loading system, which may be installed in forward and aft compartments,
loads pallets and containers.
CARGO CAPACITY
FULL BULK
The maximum load capacity for each cargo compartment is as follows :
‐ Forward
Compartment 1 : 3 402 kg (7 500 lb)
‐ Aft
Compartment 3 : 2 426 kg (5 349 lb)
Compartment 4 : 2 110 kg (4 652 lb)
Compartment 5 : 1 497 kg (3 300 lb)
NORMAL OPERATION
OPENING
On door
ACCESS DOOR OPERATING HANDLE................................................................ RELEASE
Push handle flap inward.
DOOR........................................................................................................................ UNLOCK
Move door operating handle downward (105 °) from LOCKED to UNLOCK position.
On door service panel
SERVICE PANEL ACCESS DOOR...............................................................................OPEN
LEVER OF MANUAL SELECTOR VALVE...................................................HOLD ON OPEN
The yellow hydraulic system is pressurized (YELLOW ELEC PUMP energized). Operation
of the flight controls and PTU is inhibited.
When the door is fully open (green light on the service panel is on) :
LEVER OF MANUAL SELECTOR VALVE..............................................................RELEASE
When released, the lever returns to the neutral position and shuts down the electric pump.
CLOSING
On door service panel
LEVER OF MANUAL SELECTOR VALVE.................................................HOLD ON CLOSE
At first the lever locks in an intermediate position, maintaining a pre-set pressurization to
prevent the door from dropping open. The operator can then move the lever to CLOSE and
the door closes. When it is fully closed, the lever returns to the neutral position and shuts
down the electric pump.
Ensure that green indicator light goes off.
On door
DOOR............................................................................................................................. LOCK
Immediately push the door operating handle upwards to the locked position. When the door
is locked, the cargo doors view ports appear green, the CARGO door indication on ECAM
extinguishes, and the handle flap mechanism locks the operating handle.
On door service panel
ACCESS DOOR...........................................................................................................CLOSE
AUXILIARY OPERATION
In case of an electrical failure or if the electric pump fails, the operator can open or close the doors
by working the hand pump.
GENERAL INFORMATION
REFUELING
‐ During automatic refueling, fuel goes into the center tank and the outer cell of the wing tanks
simultaneously. When the outer cell of the wing tank is full, fuel overflows into the inner cell.
When the center tank is full, fuel overflows into the ACTs .
During manual refueling, fill the wing tanks first, then the center tank, then the ACTs .
‐ With the tanks filled to the maximum capacity, there is enough space in each tank to allow for a
2 % thermal expansion of the fuel without its spilling through the vent system.
‐ Electrical transients (caused by switching among the APU, the external and the engine electrical
supply) during automatic refueling may stop the process. If the automatic refueling process is
stopped, it is necessary to re-enter the Preselected Fuel Quantity.
REFUELING
PREPARATION
ACCESS PLATFORM...................................................................................................IN POSITION
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS........................................................................................................APPLY
During refueling operations, ensure that:
‐ HF transmission (including HF transmission via the HF DATA LINK pb) is not performed
‐ The aircraft is properly bonded to the tanker
‐ The tanker and the aircraft are properly grounded. If suitable ground is not available, the aircraft
can be bonded to the tanker only. Always connect the ground cable to the parking ground point
(or to the tanker) before connecting it to the aircraft
‐ The external lighting is not operated.
In the cockpit, check that the PARK BRK is ON and that the ACCU PRESS has sufficient
pressure. If the PARK BRK cannot be set to ON, check that the chocks are in place.
Do not refuel, if a fire or engine overheat warning is displayed.
Note: For APU start/shutdown during refueling, Refer to PER-LOD-FUL APU
START/SHUTDOWN DURING REFUELING/DEFUELING.
MAX REFUELING PRESSURE................................................................................50 PSI (3.5 bar)
On refueling control panel:
TEST...................................................................................................................................... LTS
Lights on the panel come on. FUEL QTY and the PRESELECTED and ACTUAL displays
show 8’s.
TEST..................................................................................................................................HI.LVL
HI LVL lights change state if the high level sensors and their circuits are serviceable.
AUTOMATIC REFUELING
REFUEL VALVES............................................................................CHECK NORM and GUARDED
PRESELECTOR...........................................................................................................................SET
MODE SELECT.................................................................................................................... REFUEL
START REFUELING
When the refueling is finished the END light comes on.
ACTUAL QUANTITY.............................................................................................................. CHECK
The actual quantity must be within 100 kg (220 lb) of the preselected quantity.
MODE SELECT.................................................................................................OFF and GUARDED
MANUAL REFUELING
REFUEL VALVES..................................................................................................................... SHUT
MODE SELECT.................................................................................................................... REFUEL
REFUEL VALVES (tanks to be filled)...................................................................................... OPEN
START REFUELING
FUEL QTY..........................................................................................................................MONITOR
When the contents of the tanks reach the required level :
Corresponding REFUEL VALVES......................................................................................SHUT
MODE SELECT.......................................................................................... OFF and GUARDED
REFUEL VALVES................................................................................... NORM and GUARDED
DEFUELING
Overwing gravity refueling is done at the refuel point in the top of each wing. Fuel is delivered directly
into the outer cell from which the inner cell is filled by opening the intercell transfer valves. Fill center
tank by transfer from the right wing tank (open the X FEED valve in case of transfer from the left wing
tank).
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS............................................................................................................APPLY
Disembark all passengers.
During refueling operations, ensure that:
‐ No HF transmission (including HF transmission via the HF DATA LINK pb) is performed
‐ The aircraft is properly bonded to the tanker
‐ The tanker and the aircraft are properly grounded. If suitable ground is not available, the aircraft
can be bonded to the tanker only. Always connect the ground cable to the parking ground point (or
to the tanker) before connecting it to the aircraft. Refer to Aircraft Maintenance Manual (AMM) 12–
11–28 PB 301 for detailed safety procedures
Note: For APU start/shutdown during refueling, Refer to PER-LOD-FUL APU
START/SHUTDOWN DURING REFUELING/DEFUELING.
TRANSFER VALVES (on ECAM FUEL page)........................................................ CHECK POSITION
If transfer valves closed:
MODE SELECT (on the refuel control panel)............................................................... Check OFF
FUEL/XFR VALVE 1/WING/L C/B (A10 on 49VU) and FUEL/XFR VALVE 2/WING/L C/B (M22 on
121VU).............................................................................. PULL for a minimum of 5 s then PUSH
The refuel control panel door must be closed when the C/B’s are being pulled.
FUEL/XFR VALVE 1/WING/R C/B (A11 on 49VU) and FUEL/XFR VALVE 2/WING/R C/B (M23 on
121VU).............................................................................. PULL for a minimum of 5 s then PUSH
Intercell transfer valves will stay open until the next refuel selection.
FUEL/XFR VALVE 1/WING/L and R C/B’s (A10 and A11 on 49VU), and FUEL/XFR VALVE 2/WING/L
and R C/B’s (M22 and M23 on 121 VU).......................................................................................PULL
The refuel control panel door must be closed when the C/B’s are being pulled. Then it could be
opened for subsequent procedures.
RH WING REFUELING PROCEDURE
OVERWING REFUEL CAP.................................................................................................REMOVE
REFUELING............................................................................................................................ START
If the center tank is to be refueled:
GROUND FUEL TRANSFER PROCEDURE................................................................... APPLY
‐ Refuel with one engine running only at airports where no external ground pneumatic power is
available and only when APU is unserviceable.
‐ Only the RH fuel couplings can be used.
‐ Overwing gravity filling is not permitted.
‐ Disembark all passengers.
‐ Obtain airport authorization.
The Airport Fire Department should standby at the aircraft during the entire refueling procedure.
‐ Point the aircraft into the wind at a location where the slope is negligible.
Set the parking brake and check its pressure.
Run engine n° 1 at ground idle with its generator connected.
‐ Do not start engine n° 2, do not shut down engine n° 1 or do not attempt to start the APU before all
fueling operations have been completed.
‐ Position the fuel truck under the extremity of the right wing. Its pressure should not exceed 30 PSI.
‐ Follow manual refueling procedure.
OPERATION MONITORING
DURING THE ENTIRE REFUELING PROCEDURE :
‐ Monitor the fuel truck shut off valve.
‐ Be sure that the fueling company is keeping permanent control of the emergency fuel shut off
device.
‐ Have a flight crew member in the cockpit monitoring all systems and the running engine.
‐ Have a qualified ground crew member at the fueling station to operate the refuel valve
switches.
‐ Monitor the refueling closely and be prepared to close the refuel valves in order not to exceed
the following fuel quantities :
DENSITY (kg/l) 0.77 0.78 0.79 0.8 0.81 0.82 0.83
L(R) WING (kg) 5 710 5 780 5 860 5 930 6 005 6 080 6 160
CENTER (kg) 6 030 6 110 6 190 6 270 6 350 6 430 6 500
APU starts or shutdowns are permitted during refuel/defuel procedures. If it is necessary to operate
the APU, the limits that follow apply :
a. An APU start is not permitted during a refuel/defuel procedure if the APU has failed to start or an
automatic shutdown has occured
b. A normal APU shutdown must be completed if a fuel spill has occured during the refuel defuel
procedure.
GENERAL
Indicators are installed as follows:
• Four in each wing tank: Three in the inner tank and one in the outer tank
• One in the center tank
Use the table for the applicable aircraft wing side, aircraft attitude (grid square letter and number),
and the applicable MMI stick number to find the volume of fuel in the inner tank (Refer to FCOM -
PER.LOD.FUL FUEL. C.USE OF MANUAL MAGNETIC INDICATORS (MMI) - WING TANKS).
Multiply the result by the specific gravity to find the fuel weight.
GENERAL
This chart allows the determination of Aircraft CG location (MAC) function of dry operating weight,
pantry adjustment, cargo loads, passengers and fuel on board.
The operational limits shown on the load and trim sheet are more restrictive than the certified limits
because error margins have been taken into account.
The load and trim sheet needs to be updated when :
‐ a modification which changes the aircraft certified limits is included or
‐ a modification (cabin layout, cargo arrangement ...) which influences the operational limits is
made.
It is the airline responsibility to define a load and trim sheet and to keep it up to date. Refer to
PER-LOD-WBA-LTS DESCRIPTION is a description of the Load and Trim Sheet utilization (Refer to
PER-LOD-WBA-LTS LOAD AND TRIM SHEET), for a typical passenger arrangement.
Refer to customized load and trim sheet for preparing a revenue flight.
DATA
DESCRIPTION
GENERAL
The fuel index table has been established assuming a fuel distribution in accordance with refuel
distribution given in section Refer to PER-LOD-FUL GENERAL INFORMATION - REFUELING of this
volume.
If after refueling the actual distribution deviates from the chart values, the actual and the trim sheet
CG will show a discrepancy. The following tables allow to determine the fuel index taking into
account the actual fuel quantity in each tank. To determine the actual takeoff CG enter the tables
with the actual fuel quantities in each tank, read the fuel index for each tank and use their sum to
enter the trim sheet. Check that the actual CG is inside the operational limits. If the CG is outside the
limits transfer fuel to achieve a distribution in accordance with the chart or rearrange the load.
Note: These tables are valid only when used with the following formula for the index:
I = W × (H-arm – 18.85)/1 000 + K or I = [(CG – 25) × W × 0.000042] + K
(Weight in kg, H-arm in m)
Note: These tables are valid only when used with the following formulae for the index:
I=W×(H-arm–18.85)/1 000+K or I=[(CG–25)×W×0.000042]+K (Weight in kg, H-arm in m)
Weight Index
500 -1
1 000 -1
1 500 -2
2 000 -2
2 500 -2
3 000 -3
3 500 -3
4 000 -3
4 500 -3
5 000 -3
FULL -2
Note: These tables are valid only when used with the following formulae for the index:
I=W×(H-arm–18.85)/1 000+K or I=[(CG–25)×W×0.000042]+K (Weight in kg, H-arm in m)
Weight Index
250 1
500 1
FULL 2
Note: These tables are valid only when used with the following formulae for the index:
I=W×(H-arm–18.85)/1 000+K or I=[(CG–25)×W×0.000042]+K (Weight in kg, H-arm in m)
Weight Index
500 -1
1 000 -1
1 500 -2
2 000 -3
2 500 -3
3 000 -4
3 500 -5
4 000 -6
4 500 -7
5 000 -7
5 500 -8
6 000 -9
FULL -10
PERFORMANCE
OPERATING DATA
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PERFORMANCE
OPERATING DATA
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
PER-OPD-GEN GENERAL
CONVERSIONS - IAS . MACH - TAS . MACH - SAT . TAT..................................................................................A
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ATMOSPHERE (ISA)............................................................................................B
CONVERSIONS - QNH - QFE - PRESSURE ALTITUDE......................................................................................C
CONVERSIONS QFE HPA - IN. HG - FT..............................................................................................................D
WIND COMPONENTS (FOR TAKEOFF AND LANDING)......................................................................................E
ALTITUDE TEMPERATURE CORRECTION.......................................................................................................... F
GENERAL
The ground distance/air distance conversion tables show the air distance for a given ground distance
due to the influence of the wind.
The Tables are given for :
‐ M .78
‐ Long range speed.
M.78
GENERAL
The ground distance/air distance conversion tables are used to calculate the air distance for a given
ground distance due to the influence of the wind.
Tables are given for :
‐ LONG RANGE SPEED
‐ FIXED SPEEDS
FIXED SPEEDS
PERFORMANCE
THRUST RATINGS
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PERFORMANCE
THRUST RATINGS
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
PER-THR-GEN GENERAL
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
GENERAL
DEFINITION
It is the maximum thrust certified for takeoff and is normally limited to five minutes.
This time is extended to ten minutes for engine out contingency, as authorized by the approved AFM.
MAXIMUM TAKEOFF
DEFINITION
MAXIMUM GO AROUND
DEFINITION
It is a reduced takeoff thrust as compared to the maximum permissible. The related N1 is calculated
as a function of the flexible temperature entered in the FMGS MCDU. The flexible temperature is a
function of the aircraft weight and environmental conditions.
It guarantees that the regular performance requirements are met.
FLEXIBLE TAKEOFF
DEFINITION
It is the maximum thrust certified for continuous use. This rating should be used, at the pilot’s
discretion, only when required to ensure safe flight (engine failure).
MAXIMUM CONTINUOUS
DEFINITION
MAXIMUM CLIMB
DEFINITION
MAXIMUM CRUISE
PERFORMANCE
TAKEOFF
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PERFORMANCE
TAKEOFF
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
PER-TOF-THR-FLX-30 REQUIREMENTS
REQUIREMENTS.................................................................................................................................................... A
PER-TOF-THR-FLX-40 RECOMMENDATION
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
TAKEOFF PROCEDURE........................................................................................................................................ B
PER-TOF-TOC-12-30 EXTRAPOLATION
EXTRAPOLATION................................................................................................................................................... A
PER-TOF-TOC-12-50 SUMMARY
SUMMARY............................................................................................................................................................... A
PER-TOF-TOC-14-30 SUMMARY
SUMMARY............................................................................................................................................................... A
PER-TOF-TOC-18-20 EXTRAPOLATION
EXTRAPOLATION................................................................................................................................................... A
PER-TOF-TOC-18-40 SUMMARY
SUMMARY............................................................................................................................................................... A
PER-TOF-TOC-20-30 SUMMARY
SUMMARY............................................................................................................................................................... A
PER-TOF-CTA-20 DEFINITIONS
DEFINITIONS...........................................................................................................................................................A
EQUIVALENCES..................................................................................................................................................... B
PER-TOF-CTA-40-40 EXAMPLE
TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE ON DRY RUNWAY...................................................................................................A
TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE ON WET RUNWAY.................................................................................................. B
TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE ON RUNWAY COVERED WITH 1/2 INCH SLUSH..................................................C
In many cases the aircraft takes off with a weight lower than the maximum permissible takeoff
weight. When this happens, it can meet the required performance (runway, second segment,
obstacle,...) with a decreased thrust that is adapted to the weight : this is called FLEXIBLE TAKEOFF
and the thrust is called FLEXIBLE TAKEOFF THRUST.
The use of flexible takeoff thrust saves engine life.
The pilot can use flexible takeoff when the actual takeoff weight is lower than the maximum
permissible takeoff weight for the actual temperature. The maximum permissible takeoff weight
decreases when temperature increases, so it is possible to assume a temperature at which
the actual takeoff weight would be the limiting one. This temperature is called FLEXIBLE
TEMPERATURE or assumed temperature and is entered in the FADEC via the MCDU PERF TO
page in order to get the adapted thrust.
REQUIREMENTS
REQUIREMENTS
‐ Thrust must not be reduced by more than 25 % of the full rated takeoff thrust.
‐ The flexible takeoff N1 cannot be lower than the Max climb N1 at the same flight conditions.
The FADEC takes the above two constraints into account to determine flexible N1.
The above two constraints also limit the maximum flexible temperature at ISA+ 53 (68 °C at sea
level).
‐ The flexible takeoff thrust cannot be lower than the Max Continuous thrust used for the final takeoff
flight path computation (at ISA +40).
‐ The flexible temperature cannot be lower than the flat rating temperature, TREF ( ISA +29 up to
2 000 ft) (See Note), or the actual temperature (OAT).
Note: TREF being a function of pressure altitude, read it on the takeoff chart.
‐ Flexible takeoff is not permitted on contaminated runways.
‐ The operator should check the maximum thrust (TOGA) at regular intervals in order to detect any
engine deterioration, or maintain an adequate engine performance monitoring program to follow up
the engine parameters.
RECOMMENDATION
GENERAL
• In order to extend engine life and save maintenance costs, it is recommended to use flexible thrust
reduction.
• However, to improve the takeoff performance, the thrust can be increased by selecting a lower
flexible temperature.
Using the same takeoff chart, for a given weight it is possible to :
‐ Select a temperature lower than the maximum determined one and keep the speeds defined at
maximum temperature or,
‐ Move towards the left side (tailwind) of the takeoff chart while remaining within the same
configuration and looking for the same actual takeoff weight at lower temperature.
This produces a lower flexible temperature and, in general, lower takeoff speeds (V1/VR/V2).
Using one of the two above possibilities, check that the selected temperature is greater than the
actual temperature (OAT) and greater than the flat rating temperature (TREF).
TAKEOFF PROCEDURE
TAKEOFF CHARTS
Takeoff charts are required to provide performance at takeoff. It is possible to present the charts in
two different ways, one of which is selected by the airline. The different presentations are :
‐ temperature entry (temperature provided in the left column)
‐ weight entry (weight provided in the left column).
Both presentations are described here after. Sections PER-TOF-TOC-10, 12 and 14 are relative to
temperature entry while PER-TOF-TOC-16, 18 and 20 are relative to weight entry.
TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE
TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE
Takeoff optimization is calculated for a given runway and its obstacles and for given conditions of
flap setting, temperature, wind and QNH. The calculation produces a maximum permissible takeoff
weight (or a maximum takeoff temperature for an actual weight).
The takeoff thrust produced by the engine varies as follows :
The optimization process calculates the speeds which will produce the maximum takeoff weight.
To do so, it takes into account the different takeoff limitations such as TOD, ASD, TOR, second
segment..., as shown on the figure charts below.
On a typical runway, the performance of a twin engine aircraft, is generally limited by the one engine
out operation at takeoff. The optimum V2/VS and optimum V1/VR are consequently unique.
GENERAL
The takeoff chart (RTOW : Regulatory Takeoff Weight) is calculated for a specific aircraft version
and for a particular runway specified at the top of the chart. The top of the chart also gives some
information about the runway and lists the calculation assumptions.
The chart is given for 2 different configurations and 5 wind values per configuration. This allows the
crew to select the configuration that gives either :
‐ the highest permissible takeoff weight, or, for a given weight,
‐ the highest flexible temperature.
If different configurations give equivalent performance, the crew should select the configuration
associated with the lowest takeoff speeds.
For each temperature value (and for a given configuration and wind), the chart provides the following
information :
Each takeoff chart is computed for a given set of conditions (air conditioning, QNH, anti ice...)
specified at the top of the chart. If the actual takeoff conditions are different, the crew must apply
corrections. Two types of correction are available :
‐ Conservative corrections on Refer to PER-TOF-TOD-24 EFFECT OF QNH AND BLEEDS (to be
used when not provided on the chart).
‐ Corrections (less restrictive) listed on the chart, to be applied as explained below.
Note: ‐ If the RTOW chart is based on the CG being at 25 %, the crew can find the takeoff
performance at a more forward CG by decreasing the takeoff weight by 1 000 kg
(2 200 lb) and increasing V1, VR and V2 by 1 kt.
‐ 25 % CG is the basic certified limit, on which all takeoff computations are based. To
take into account the operational margins, the above penalties must be applied when
operational CG is forward 27 % CG.
TVMC is a temperature value given per column. This is a fictitious value that indicates the
temperature above which the speeds are close to a VMC limitation or are VMC limited.
Note: The lower two lines may be shaded on certain chart formats.
MINIMUM SPEEDS
Minimum V1/VR/V2 due to VMC are provided on the bottom right side of the takeoff chart.
They are only applicable in case of speed corrections.
These speeds are conservative. They may be slightly higher than V1/VR/V2 displayed on the takeoff
chart.
On the temperature entry chart, the temperature column may display asterisks or have a gray band
to indicate temperature values above TMAX and which are flex temperature.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
The performance given in the chart is consistent with the flight path specified for the aircraft with one
engine out and takes into account significant obstacles.
When the procedure to be followed is not the standard instrument departure, the chart describes a
specific procedure (EOSID).
When the specified procedure requires a turn, except if otherwise stated on the RTOW chart, the turn
should be performed with a maximum bank of 15 ° until the aircraft reaches 1 500 ft or until green
dot.
The acceleration height (or altitude) ensures that the net flight path clears the highest obstacle by
at least 35 ft when accelerating in level flight to green dot speed after an engine failure, in the most
adverse conditions.
Takeoff charts computed for wet runway with a 15 ft screen height and/or use of reverse thrust may
produce, in some conditions, a maximum takeoff weight (or flexible temperature) higher than that
obtained for a dry runway. It is thus mandatory to compare both charts (dry and wet) and retain the
lower of the two weights (or flexible temperature) and the associated speeds determined for a wet
runway.
Note: The crew need not compare the charts if the top of the wet runway chart specifies “DRY
CHECK”. (The comparison has already been inserted in the WET runway calculation).
The takeoff chart is computed for a given runway under a set of conditions, which are:
‐ OAT
‐ Wind
‐ Configuration
‐ QNH, air conditioning, anti ice...
Two configurations are produced on the chart. This enables the crew to select that giving the highest
permissible takeoff weight. In case of equivalent performance, retain the configuration giving the
lower takeoff speeds.
For a given configuration, enter the chart with the OAT and wind value to determine the maximum
permissible weight. For an OAT or wind value not presented on the chart, interpolate between two
consecutive temperature rows and/or two consecutive wind columns. Conservative OAT or wind
values can also be considered. No extrapolation is allowed.
Retain the maximum takeoff weight, associated configuration and speeds from above.
For conditions different from those of the chart, apply relevant corrections.
Proceed as follows:
1. Enter the chart with selected configuration, OAT and wind to read the maximum takeoff weight.
2. Apply corrections from FCOM to determine an intermediate weight. Interpolate associated speeds
for intermediate weight in the same column (same wind and configuration).
3. Apply corrections from RTOW chart as explained above.
EXAMPLE 3
DATA : OAT = 25 °C
Head wind = 10 kt
Air conditioning ON
QNH = 1 028 hPa
WET runway
1. Use the chart (Refer to PER-TOF-TOC-10-30 EXAMPLE OF TAKEOFF CHART).
Enter the 10 kt head wind column and interpolate for 25 °C, CONF 1+F,
Max TO weight (1 000 kg) air conditioning OFF..................................................................... 82.1
Enter the 10 kt head wind column and interpolate for 25 °C, CONF 2,
Max TO weight (1 000 kg) air conditioning OFF..................................................................... 82.1
Retain CONF 2 for takeoff configuration.
2. First, apply the correction (Refer to PER-TOF-TOD-24 EFFECT OF QNH AND BLEEDS).
Max TO weight (1 000 kg) air conditioning OFF..................................................................... 82.1
Air conditioning correction....................................................................................................... - 2.2
Intermediate weight.............................................................................................................. = 79.9
Interpolate takeoff speeds for 79.9 (1 000 kg) in the 10 kt head wind column,
V1 = 152 kt , VR = 153 kt , V2 = 158 kt
3. Apply WET correction
For OAT < TVMC (54 °C), ΔW =............................................................................................. -1.2
Intermediate weight.............................................................................................................. = 78.7
Associated speeds,
V1 = 152 kt - 10 = 142 kt
VR = 153 kt - 1 = 152 kt
V2 = 158 kt - 1 = 157 kt
Check that the speeds are higher than minimum speeds from the chart and from VMU table
Apply QNH correction
For OAT < TVMC (54 °C), ΔW = 0.2 × 15/10 =......................................................................+0.3
Max permissible takeoff weight............................................................................................ = 79.0
Associated speed,
V1 = 142 kt + 1 × 15/10 = 143 kt
EXTRAPOLATION
EXTRAPOLATION
For a takeoff weight lower than those displayed on the chart, associated speeds are calculated as
follows :
1. For given configuration and wind, note the speeds associated with the takeoff weight in the row
displaying the highest permissible temperature.
2. Apply speed corrections provided at the bottom of the RTOW chart to V1, VR and V2 limited to the
minimum speeds.
The maximum structural takeoff weight is a weight limitation depending on the aircraft. This limitation
is provided in the Flight Manual and in Refer to LIM-11 Weight Limitations. Compare the maximum
structural takeoff weight to the maximum permissible takeoff weight computed for given conditions
and retain the lower of the two values.
SUMMARY
SUMMARY
GENERAL
Before determining the flexible temperature, calculate the maximum permissible takeoff weight (see
previous section) and ensure that the actual takeoff weight is lower than the determined maximum
takeoff weight.
• Enter the RTOW chart with the wind condition to interpolate for the actual takeoff weight. Read the
flexible temperature in the temperature column corresponding to the actual weight.
• Repeat this process for the other configuration available. Select the configuration giving the
highest flexible temperature.
When the takeoff conditions are different from those provided on the chart, apply the associated
corrections.
Note: ‐ If the RTOW chart is based on the CG being at 25 %, the crew can determine the flexible
temperature at a more forward CG by decreasing the flexible temperature by 2 °C. V1,
VR and V2 must be increased by 1 kt.
‐ 25 % CG is the basic certified limit, on which all takeoff computations are based. To
take into account the operational margins, the above penalties must be applied when
operational CG is forward 27 % CG.
EXAMPLE 5
DATA : Actual = 76 000 kg
takeoff
weight
Head = 10 kt
wind
QNH = 1 028 hPa
WET runway
Air conditioning OFF
Use the chart from Refer to PER-TOF-TOC-10-30 EXAMPLE OF TAKEOFF CHART. Determine
the maximum permissible takeoff weight (see example 2). The actual weight being lower than the
maximum one, flexible takeoff is possible.
Enter the10 kt head wind column and interpolate for 76 000 kg, CONF 1 + F,
Flexible temperature.................................................................................................................. 52 °C
Enter the 10 kt head wind column and interpolate for 76 000 kg, CONF 2,
Flexible temperature.................................................................................................................. 52 °C
Equivalent performance is obtained from the two different configurations.
Retain CONF 2 as the speeds are lower.
Takeoff speeds are V1 = 149 kt, VR = 150 kt, V2 = 155 kt
Apply WET correction
For flexible temperature < TVMC (54 °C), ΔTflex =...................................................................-2 °C
Intermediate flex temperature................................................................................................ = 50 °C
Associated speeds,
V1 = 149 kt – 10 = 139 kt
VR = 150 kt – 1= 149 kt
V2 = 155 kt – 1 = 154 kt
Check V2 against VMU limitation Refer to PER-TOF-TOD-25-20 MINIMUM V2 LIMITED BY
VMU/VMCA (KT IAS)
Apply QNH correction
For flex temperature < TVMC (54 °C), ΔTflex =......................................................................... 0 °C
Maximum flexible temperature............................................................................................... = 50 °C
Check that OAT/TREF < flex temperature ≤ TMAXFLEX
No speed correction.
Takeoff speeds are V1 = 139 kt, VR = 149 kt, V2 = 154 kt
Takeoff Configuration: 1 + F
Tflex V1 VR V2
Chart temperature 52 149 150 155
FCOM correction(s)
Continued on the following page
1. Apply corrections from FCOM (Refer to PER-TOF-TOD-24 EFFECT OF QNH AND BLEEDS).
2. Apply corrections from the RTOW chart.
Apply speed corrections except for QNH and bleed influences.
EXAMPLE 6
DATA: Actual takeoff weight = 76 000 kg
Head wind = 10 kt
Air conditioning ON
QNH = 1 028 hPa
WET runway
Use the chart (Refer to PER-TOF-TOC-10-20 DESCRIPTION OF THE CORRECTIONS
ON TAKEOFF CHART). Determine the maximum permissible takeoff weight (Refer to
PER-TOF-TOC-12-10 COMBINING CORRECTIONS FROM FCOM AND CHART: example 3).
The actual weight being lower than the maximum one, flexible takeoff is possible.
Enter the 10 kt head wind column and interpolate for 76 000 kg, CONF 1 + F,
Flexible temperature.................................................................................................................. 52 °C
Enter the 10 kt head wind column and interpolate for 76 000 kg, CONF 2,
Flexible temperature.................................................................................................................. 52 °C
Retain CONF 2 for takeoff configuration.
Takeoff speeds are V1 = 150 kt, VR = 150 kt, V2 = 155 kt
First, apply the correction (Refer to PER-TOF-TOD-24 EFFECT OF QNH AND BLEEDS).
Flexible temperature with air conditioning OFF.........................................................................52 °C
Air conditioning correction.......................................................................................................... -7 °C
Intermediate flexible temperature...........................................................................................= 45 °C
No speed correction.
Apply WET correction
For flexible temperature < TVMC (54 °C), ΔTflex = ..................................................................-1 °C
Intermediate flex temperature................................................................................................ = 44 °C
Associated speeds,
V1 = 150 kt - 5 = 145 kt
VR = 150 kt - 1 = 149 kt
V2 = 155 kt - 1 = 154 kt
Check V2 against VMU limitation on Refer to PER-TOF-TOD-25-20 MINIMUM V2 LIMITED BY
VMU/VMCA (KT IAS).
Apply QNH correction
For flexible temperature < TVMC (54 °C), ΔTflex =....................................................................0 °C
Maximum flexible temperature............................................................................................... = 44 °C
Check that OAT/TREF < flex temperature ≤ TMAXFLEX
No speed correction.
Takeoff speeds are V1 = 145 kt, VR = 149 kt, V2 = 154 kt
Takeoff Configuration : 1 + F
Tflex V1 VR V2
Chart temperature 52 150 150 155
FCOM correction(s) -7 0 0 0
Intermediate value 45 150 150 155
WET Correction -1 -5 -1 -1
Intermediate value 44 145 149 154
QNH Correction 0 0 0 0
Final value 44 145 149 154
In some cases when the actual takeoff weight is lower than the maximum permissible takeoff
weight, but the flexible temperature is lower than TREF or OAT, flexible takeoff is not possible. It is
mandatory to use TOGA thrust.
For speed determination:
‐ You can retain the speeds that have been calculated for the maximum permissible takeoff weight;
OR
‐ You can retain the speeds associated with the actual takeoff weight provided they are all lower
than the speeds calculated for the maximum permissible takeoff weight.
If the flexible takeoff is possible, but the flight crew elects to perform the takeoff with TOGA thrust, for
speed determination:
‐ You can retain the speeds that have been calculated for the maximum permissible takeoff weight;
OR
‐ You can retain the speeds associated with the actual takeoff weight provided they are all lower
than the speeds calculated for the maximum permissible takeoff weight.
SUMMARY
SUMMARY
TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE
TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE
Takeoff optimization is calculated for a given runway and its obstacles and for given conditions of
flap setting, temperature, wind and QNH. The calculation produces a maximum permissible takeoff
weight (or a maximum takeoff temperature for an actual weight).
The takeoff thrust produced by the engine varies as follows :
The optimization process calculates the speeds which will produce the maximum takeoff weight.
To do so, it takes into account the different takeoff limitations such as TOD, ASD, TOR, second
segment..., as shown on the charts below.
On a typical runway, the performance of a twin engine aircraft, is generally limited by the one engine
out operation at takeoff. The optimum V2/VS and optimum V1/VR are consequently unique.
GENERAL
The takeoff chart (RTOW : Regulatory Takeoff Weight) is calculated for a specific aircraft version
and for a particular runway specified at the top of the chart. The top of the chart also gives some
information about the runway and lists the calculation assumptions.
The chart is given for 2 different configurations and 4 wind values per configuration. This allows the
crew to select the configuration that gives either :
‐ the highest permissible takeoff weight, or, for a given weight,
‐ the highest flexible temperature.
If different configurations give equivalent performance, the crew should select the configuration
associated with the lowest takeoff speeds.
The left column of the chart contains weight entry. For each weight entry (and for a given
configuration and wind), the chart provides the following information :
Note: The takeoff weight is the sum of the weight entry and the delta weight.
The available limitation codes are :
‐ First segment : 1
‐ Second segment : 2
‐ Runway length : 3
‐ Obstacles : 4
‐ Tire speed : 5
‐ Brake energy : 6
‐ Maximum computation weight : 7
‐ Final takeoff : 8
‐ VMU : 9
Each takeoff chart is computed for a given set of conditions (air conditioning, QNH, anti ice...)
specified at the top of the chart. If the actual takeoff conditions are different, the crew must apply
corrections.
Two types of corrections are available :
‐ Conservative corrections (Refer to PER-TOF-TOD-24 EFFECT OF QNH AND BLEEDS) (to be
used when not provided on the chart).
‐ Corrections (less restrictive) listed on the chart, to be applied as explained below.
Note: If the RTOW chart is based on the CG being at 25 %, the crew can find the takeoff
performance at a more forward CG by decreasing the takeoff weight by 1 000 kg (2 200 lb)
and increasing V1, VR and V2 by 1 kt.
TVMC is a temperature value given per column. This is a fictitious value that indicates the
temperature above which the speeds are close to a VMC limitation or are VMC limited.
Note: The lower two lines may be shaded on certain chart formats.
MINIMUM SPEED
Minimum V1/VR/V2 due to VMC are provided on the bottom right side of the takeoff chart.
They are only applicable in case of speed corrections.
These speeds are conservative. They may be slightly higher than V1/VR/V2 displayed on the takeoff
chart.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
The performance given in the chart is consistent with the flight path specified for the aircraft with one
engine out and takes into account significant obstacles.
When the procedure to be followed is not the standard instrument departure, the chart describes a
specific procedure (EOSID).
When the specified procedure requires a turn, except if otherwise stated on the RTOW chart, the turn
should be performed with a maximum bank of 15 ° until the aircraft reaches 1 500 ft or until green
dot.
The acceleration height (or altitude) ensures that the net flight path clears the highest obstacle by
at least 35 ft when accelerating in level flight to green dot speed after an engine failure, in the most
adverse conditions.
Takeoff charts computed for wet runway with a 15 ft screen height and/or use of reverse thrust may
produce, in some conditions, a maximum takeoff weight (or flexible temperature) higher than that
obtained for a dry runway. It is thus mandatory to compare both charts (dry and wet) and retain the
lower of the two weights (or flexible temperature) and the associated speeds determined for a wet
runway.
Note: The crew need not compare the charts if the top of the wet runway chart specifies “DRY
CHECK”. (The comparison has already been inserted in the WET runway calculation).
RTOW EXAMPLE
GENERAL
The takeoff chart is computed for a given runway under a set of conditions, which are :
‐ OAT
‐ Wind
‐ Configuration
‐ QNH, air conditioning, anti ice...
Two configurations are produced on the chart. This enables the crew to select that giving the highest
permissible takeoff weight.
In case of equivalent performance, retain the configuration giving the lower takeoff speeds.
MTOW DETERMINATION
Enter the chart with the given configuration and actual wind column reading the temperature value.
This temperature value stands for the OAT. Read the maximum takeoff weight corresponding to
the actual OAT. Note that it is allowed to interpolate between two consecutive lines to obtain the
maximum takeoff weight.
It is reminded that the takeoff weight is the sum of the weight entry and the delta weight. Similarly
determine the takeoff speeds associated with the maximum takeoff weight.
In some cases, it may happen that the first temperature value (displayed for the highest weight entry)
is higher than OAT. In this case, it is allowed to extrapolate the weight value to avoid unnecessary
penalty. Use the Grad 1/Grad 2 gradients provided at the bottom of the corresponding column.
CORRECTION TO WEIGHT
Grad 1/Grad 2 are gradients provided for both sides of the flat rating temperature (TREF).
Grad 1 applies to temperatures below TREF and Grad 2 applies above TREF.
Read the lowest temperature of the column (corresponding to the highest weight entry).
Note: Use the weight gradients only to extrapolate above the maximum weight shown in the
RTOW chart. They are not valid for interpolation between two boxes, between filled
boxes or between one filled and one blank box.
Repeat the above process for the other available configuration and retain the configuration giving
the highest takeoff weight.
Retain the maximum takeoff weight, associated configuration and speeds from above.
For conditions different from those of the chart, apply relevant corrections.
Corrections are given for QNH ≠ 1 013 hPa, air conditioning ON, anti ice ON.
1. For the given wind and temperature conditions, determine the maximum takeoff weight (choose
the configuration giving the highest weight).
2. Apply the published weight correction(s) to the maximum takeoff weight (for each correction) to
determine the maximum permissible takeoff weight.
3. Read the speeds associated with the maximum permissible takeoff weight by entering the chart
with the retained configuration and weight value.
EXAMPLE A
DATA : OAT = 25 °C
Head Wind = 10 kt
Air conditioning ON
QNH = 1 013 hPa
Use the chart from (Refer to PER-TOF-TOC-16-30 RTOW EXAMPLE).
Enter the 10 kt head wind column CONF 1 + F, to read for 25 °C
The lowest temperature of the column is 45 °C, use Grad 1/Grad 2 to extrapolate the maximum
takeoff weight.
MAX TO weight (1 000 kg) air conditioning OFF = 80.6 + 0.46 × 1 + 0.06 × 19 = 82.2
Enter the 10 kt head wind column CONF 2, to read for 25 °C
The lowest temperature of the column is 46 °C, use Grad 1/Grad 2 to extrapolate the maximum
takeoff weight.
MAX TO weight (1 000 kg) air conditioning OFF = 80.3 + 0.47 × 2 + 0.05 × 19 = 82.2
Retain CONF 1 + F as takeoff configuration.
Maximum TO weight (1 000 kg) air conditioning OFF................................................................ 82.2
Air conditioning correction (PER_TOF_TOD_24 QNH/BLEEDS CORRECTION)........................-2.2
Maximum permissible TO weight (1 000 kg) air conditioning ON............................................ = 80.0
Determine takeoff speeds for 80.0 (1 000 kg) in the 10 kt head wind column (CONF 1 + F) V1 =
155 kt, VR = 156 kt, V2 = 158 kt
Proceed as follows:
1. Determine the maximum takeoff weight by entering the chart with selected configuration, OAT and
wind.
2. Apply corrections from FCOM to determine an intermediate weight. Interpolate associated speeds
for intermediate weight in the same column (same wind and configuration).
3. Apply corrections from RTOW chart as explained above.
EXAMPLE C
DATA : OAT = 25 °C
Head wind = 10 kt
Air conditioning ON
QNH = 998 hPa
WET runway
1. Use the chart Refer to PER-TOF-TOC-16-30 RTOW EXAMPLE.
Enter the 10 kt head wind column CONF 1 + F, to read for 25 °C
MAX TO weight (1 000 kg) air conditioning OFF = 80.6 + 0.46 × 1 + 0.06 × 19 = 82.2
Enter the 10 kt head wind column CONF 2, to read for 25 °C
MAX TO weight (1 000 kg) air conditioning OFF = 80.3 + 0.47 × 2 + 0.05 × 19 = 82.2
Retain CONF 1 + F for takeoff configuration.
2. First, apply the correction Refer to PER-TOF-TOD-24 EFFECT OF QNH AND BLEEDS.
Max TO weight (1 000 kg) air conditioning OFF..................................................................... 82.2
Air conditioning correction........................................................................................................ -2.2
Intermediate weight.............................................................................................................. = 80.0
Interpolate takeoff speeds for 80.0 (1 000 kg) in the 10 kt head wind column,
V1 = 155 kt, VR = 156 kt, V2 = 158 kt
3. Apply WET correction
For OAT < TVMC (69 °C), ΔW =............................................................................................. -0.7
Intermediate weight.............................................................................................................. = 79.3
Associated speeds,
V1 = 155 kt - 8 = 147 kt
VR = 156 kt - 2 = 154 kt
V2 = 158 kt - 2 = 156 kt
Apply QNH correction
For OAT < TVMC (61 °C), ΔW = -0.7 × 15/10 =........................................................................ -1
Maximum permissible takeoff weight....................................................................................= 78.3
Associated speed,
V1 = 147 kt - 1 × 15/10 = 145 kt
EXTRAPOLATION
EXTRAPOLATION
For OAT lower than the lowest temperature value of a wind column, it is possible to obtain a higher
maximum permissible takeoff weight by using Grad 1/Grad 2 values. Refer to PER-TOF-TOC-18-10
MTOW DETERMINATIONfor more details.
The maximum structural takeoff weight is a weight limitation depending on the aircraft. This limitation
is provided in the Flight Manual and in the limitation chapter (Refer to LIM-11 Weight Limitations).
Compare the maximum structural takeoff weight to the maximum permissible takeoff weight
computed for given conditions and retain the lower of the two values.
SUMMARY
SUMMARY
GENERAL
Before determining the flexible temperature, calculate the maximum permissible takeoff weight (see
previous section) and ensure that the actual takeoff weight is lower than the determined maximum
takeoff weight.
‐ For a given configuration and wind value, enter the RTOW chart with the actual takeoff weight
to read the flexible temperature and associated speeds. It is reminded that the takeoff weight is
the sum of the weight entry and the delta weight displayed in each box. It is allowed to interpolate
between two consecutive rows and/or columns for weight and for wind values not displayed on the
chart.
‐ Repeat this process for the other configuration available. Select that configuration giving the
highest flexible temperature.
When the takeoff conditions are different from those provided on the chart, apply the associated
corrections.
Note: If the RTOW chart is based on the CG being at 25 %, the crew can determine the flexible
temperature at a more forward CG by decreasing the flexible temperature by 2 °C. V1, VR
and V2 must be increased by 1 kt.
Corrections are given for QNH ≠ 1 013 hPa, air conditioning ON, anti ice ON.
1. For a given takeoff weight, wind condition and selected configuration, read the flexible
temperature. Retain the takeoff speeds associated with the actual weight.
2. Apply the published temperature correction. To combine two or more corrections, add the different
corrections and apply to temperature value.
(No speed corrections required).
EXAMPLE D
DATA : Actual takeoff weight = 68 000 kg
Head wind = 10 kt
Air conditioning ON
QNH = 1 013 hPa
Use the chart from Refer to PER-TOF-TOC-16-30 RTOW EXAMPLE. Determine the maximum
permissible takeoff weight (Refer to PER-TOF-TOC-18-10 CONSERVATIVE CORRECTIONS
FOR QNH AND BLEEDS). The actual weight being lower than the maximum one, flexible takeoff
is possible.
Enter the 10 kt head wind column and interpolate for 68 000 kg, CONF 1 + F,
Flexible temperature.................................................................................................................. 67 °C
Enter the 10 kt head wind column and interpolate for 68 000 kg, CONF 2,
Flexible temperature.................................................................................................................. 66 °C
Retain CONF 1 + F for takeoff configuration.
Takeoff speeds are V1 = 153 kt, VR = 153 kt, V2 = 154 kt
Flexible temperature with air conditioning OFF.........................................................................67 °C
Air conditioning correction.......................................................................................................... -7 °C
(Refer to PER-TOF-TOD-24 EFFECT OF QNH AND BLEEDS)
Maximum flexible temperature............................................................................................... = 60 °C
EXAMPLE E
DATA : Actual takeoff weight = 68 000 kg
Head wind = 10 kt
QNH = 998 hPa
WET runway
Air conditioning OFF
Use the chart from Refer to PER-TOF-TOC-16-30 RTOW EXAMPLE.
Determine the maximum permissible takeoff weight (Refer to PER-TOF-TOC-18-10
CORRECTIONS PRODUCED ON THE RTOW CHART)
The actual weight being lower than the maximum one, flexible takeoff is possible.
Enter the 10 kt head wind column and interpolate for 68 000 kg, CONF 1+F,
Flexible temperature.................................................................................................................. 67 °C
Enter the 10 kt head wind column and interpolate for 68 000 kg, CONF 2,
Flexible temperature.................................................................................................................. 66 °C
Retain CONF 1+F as the flexible temperature is higher.
Takeoff speeds are V1 = 153 kt, VR = 153 kt, V2 = 154 kt
Apply WET correction
For flexible temperature < TVMC (69 °C), ΔTflex =...................................................................-2 °C
Intermediate flex temperature................................................................................................ = 65 °C
Associated speeds,
V1 = 153 kt – 8 = 145 kt
VR = 153 kt –2 = 151 kt
V2 = 154 kt – 2 = 152 kt
check V2 against VMU limitation (Refer to PER-TOF-TOD-25-20 MINIMUM V2 LIMITED BY
VMU/VMCA (KT IAS) ).
Apply QNH correction
For flex temperature ≥ TVMC (61 °C), ΔTflex =....................................................................... –3 °C
Maximum flexible temperature............................................................................................... = 62 °C
Check that OAT/TREF > flex temperature ≤ TMAXFLEX
No speed correction.
Takeoff speeds are V1 = 145 kt, VR = 151 kt, V2 = 152 kt
Takeoff Configuration : 1 + F
Tflex V1 VR V2
Chart temperature 67 153 153 154
FCOM correction(s)
Intermediate value 67 153 153 154
WET Correction –2 –8 −2 −2
Intermediate value 65 145 151 152
Continued on the following page
1. Apply corrections from FCOM (Refer to PER-TOF-TOD-24 EFFECT OF QNH AND BLEEDS).
2. Apply corrections from the RTOW chart.
Apply speed corrections except for QNH and bleed influences.
EXAMPLE F
DATA : Actual takeoff weight = 68 000 kg
Head wind = 10 kt
Air conditioning ON
QNH = 998 hPa
WET runway
Use the chart fromRefer to PER-TOF-TOC-16-30 RTOW EXAMPLE. Determine the maximum
permissible takeoff weight (see example C). The actual weight being lower than the maximum one,
flexible takeoff is possible.
‐ Enter the 10 kt head wind column and interpolate for 68 000 kg, CONF 1+F,
Flexible temperature.............................................................................................................. 67 °C
‐ Enter the 10 kt head wind column and interpolate for 68 000 kg, CONF 2,
Flexible temperature.............................................................................................................. 66 °C
‐ Retain CONF 1+F for takeoff configuration.
Takeoff speeds are V1 = 153 kt, VR = 153 kt, V2 = 154 kt
‐ First, apply the correction from FCOM (Refer to PER-TOF-TOD-24 EFFECT OF QNH AND
BLEEDS).
Flexible temperature with air conditioning OFF.....................................................................67 °C
Air conditioning correction...................................................................................................... -7 °C
Intermediate flexible temperature.......................................................................................= 60 °C
No speed correction.
‐ Apply WET correction
For flexible temperature < TVMC (69 °C), ΔTflex =...............................................................-2 °C
Intermediate flex temperature............................................................................................ = 58 °C
Associated speeds,
V1 = 153 kt - 8 = 145 kt
VR = 153 kt - 2 = 151 kt
V2 = 154 kt - 2 = 152 kt
Check V2 against VMU limitation on FCOMRefer to PER-TOF-TOD-25-10 SPEEDS LIMITED
BY VMC.
‐ Apply QNH correction
For flexible temperature < TVMC (61 °C), ΔTflex =...............................................................-3 °C
Maximum flexible temperature........................................................................................... = 55 °C
In some cases when the actual takeoff weight is lower than the maximum permissible one but no
flexible takeoff possible (that is flexible temperature lower than TREF or OAT):
‐ It is mandatory to use TOGA thrust
‐ You can retain the speeds that have been calculated for the maximum permissible takeoff weight;
OR
‐ You can retain the speeds associated with the actual takeoff weight provided they are all lower
than the speeds calculated for the maximum permissible takeoff weight.
SUMMARY
SUMMARY
EXAMPLES
All takeoff speeds have a minimum value limited by control. These minimum speeds are usually
provided on each RTOW chart. If these speeds are not available, use the following conservative
values. These speeds may be slightly higher than the minimum control speeds displayed on the
RTOW chart.
MINIMUM V1 (KT IAS)
PRESSURE ALTITUDE (FT)
CONF
-2 000 0 1 000 2 000 3 000 4 000 5000 6 000 7 000 8 000 9 200 14 100
1+F 117 115 114 113 112 112 111 110 109 108 106 100
2 115 113 112 111 111 110 109 108 107 106 104 100
3 114 112 111 110 110 110 109 108 107 105 104 100
MINIMUM VR (KT IAS)
PRESSURE ALTITUDE (FT)
CONF
-2 000 0 1 000 2 000 3 000 4 000 5000 6 000 7 000 8 000 9 200 10 200
1+F 121 119 118 116 116 116 115 114 113 111 110 102
2 119 117 116 115 114 114 113 112 111 109 108 100
3 118 116 115 114 114 114 113 112 110 109 107 100
MINIMUM V2 (KT IAS)
PRESSURE ALTITUDE (FT)
CONF
-2 000 0 1 000 2 000 3 000 4 000 5000 6 000 7 000 8 000 9 200 10 200
1+F 124 121 120 119 119 119 118 117 115 114 112 104
2 123 121 120 119 119 119 117 116 115 114 112 103
3 123 121 120 119 119 118 117 116 115 114 112 103
V2 LIMITED BY VMU/VMCA
The following tables, one per configuration, provide the V2 limited by minimum unstick speed and
minimum control speed in the air.
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
These tables enable the crew to quickly determine the takeoff performance at an airport for which no
takeoff chart has been established. They are conservative.
USE OF TABLES
USE OF TABLES
A first table gives the corrections to be applied to the runway length for wind and runway slope.
Nine other tables give, for three different pressure altitudes (0, 1 000 and 2 000 ft) and three
configurations, the maximum takeoff weight, limitation codes and associated speeds as a function of
temperature and corrected runway length. TREF and TMAX are given on the top of each table. For
pressure altitudes above 2 000 ft, use a specific RTOW chart.
Note: 1. Quick reference tables are established for the forward CG envelope (less than 25 %) at
V1 min with air conditioning OFF and anti ice OFF
2. Do not use quick reference tables in case of tailwind.
HOW TO PROCEED
GENERAL
HOW TO PROCEED
1. Enter the first table with runway length, slope and wind data. Determine the corrected runway
length by applying the corrections due to slope and wind.
2. Select the configuration as a function of this corrected runway length.
3. Enter the table(s) corresponding to the configuration and airport pressure altitude.
As far as airport pressure altitude is concerned, two methods may be applied :
‐ interpolate the takeoff performance by using the two tables enclosing the airport pressure
altitude,
‐ for a more conservative figure, use the table corresponding to the pressure altitude
immediately above the airport pressure altitude.
4. Enter the appropriate column of the table(s) with the corrected runway length.
Once again, two methods may be applied :
‐ interpolate the takeoff performance between the two columns enclosing the corrected runway
length,
‐ for a more conservative figure, use the column corresponding to the shorter corrected runway
length.
5. Determination of maximum takeoff weight.
Enter the table(s) and column(s) as explained above with the actual OAT and read maximum
takeoff weight, limitation codes, V1, VR and V2. If necessary interpolate weight and speeds.
6. Determination of flexible temperature.
The determination of flexible temperature is possible only when there is no obstacle on the flight
path. Enter the table(s) and column(s) with the actual takeoff weight and read the corresponding
temperature as flexible temperature.
7. In case of obstacles, use the graphs (Refer to PER-TOF-TOD-50 INTRODUCTION ) to
determine the corresponding weight penalty.
LIMITATION CODES
‐ 1 : first segment
‐ 2 : second segment
‐ 3 : runway
‐ 5 : tire speed
‐ 6 : brake energy
‐ 7 : maximum computation weight
‐ 8 : final takeoff
‐ 9 : VMU
Note: 1. Limitation code 4 (obstacles) does not appear in quick reference tables.
2. VMC limitation appears with an asterisk (*) in the chart.
Runway length (m) 1 500 1 750 2 000 2 250 2 500 2 750 3 000 3 250 3 500
Effect per knot of head
6.5 7 8 8.5 9.5 10 11 11.5 12.5
of wind wind add (meters)
per percent
uphill slope 160 215 270 325 380 435 490 545 600
Effect of
subtract (meters)
runway
per percent
slope
downhill slope 17 23 29 36 42 48 55 61 67
add (meters)
EXAMPLE
CONFIGURATION 1+F / 0 FT
INTRODUCTION
The following graphs enable the crew to quickly determine the takeoff performance out of an airport
by positioning obstacles.
They must be used with the corresponding quick reference table so as to determine weight
decrement and required gradient.
The net takeoff flight path and the associated weight decrement are conservative.
HOW TO PROCEED
1. Position the obstacle by entering its distance from end of runway and its height above the end of
runway (No 35 ft margin is required as this is already included).
In case of an ascending runway, increase the obstacle height by an additional value as indicated
below each graph.
2. Read the associated weight correction. Interpolate if necessary. The second segment gradient is
given for information only.
3. Decrease the takeoff speeds by 1 kt per 1 000 kg (0.5 kt per 1 000 lb) weight decrement. Limit the
final speeds to the minimum values (Refer to PER-TOF-TOD-25-10 SPEEDS LIMITED BY VMC).
Note: In case of tailwind, do not use the obstacle clearance graphs.
Note: In case of ascending runway, increase obstacle height by 50 ft per percent runway slope.
Note: In case of ascending runway, increase obstacle height by 50 ft per percent runway slope.
Note: In case of ascending runway, increase obstacle height by 50 ft per percent runway slope.
Note: In case of ascending runway, increase obstacle height by 50 ft per percent runway slope.
Note: In case of ascending runway, increase obstacle height by 50 ft per percent runway slope.
Note: In case of ascending runway, increase obstacle height by 50 ft per percent runway slope.
GENERAL
This section presents the recommendations of Airbus for operations from wet runways or from
runways which are covered with contaminants such as standing water, slush or snow.
CAUTION Takeoff from an icy runway is not recommended.
DEFINITIONS
DAMP : A runway is damp when the surface is not dry, but when the water on it
does not give it a shiny appearance.
WET : A runway is considered as wet when the surface has a shiny
appearance due to a thin layer of water. When this layer does not
exceed 3 mm depth, there is no substantial risk of hydroplaning.
STANDING WATER : is caused by heavy rainfall and /or insufficient runway drainage with a
depth of more than 3 mm.
SLUSH : is water saturated with snow which spatters when stepping firmly on
it. It is encountered at temperatures around 5 °C and its density is
approximately 0.85 kg/l (7.1 lb/US Gal).
WET SNOW : is a condition where, if compacted by hand, snow will stick together
and tend to form a snowball. Its density is approximately 0.4 kg/l
(3.35 lb/US Gal).
DRY SNOW : is a condition where snow can be blown if loose, or if compacted by
hand, will fall apart again upon release. Its density is approximately
0.2 kg/l (1.7 lb/US Gal).
COMPACTED SNOW : is a condition where snow has been compressed.
ICY : is a condition where the friction coefficient is 0.05 or below.
EQUIVALENCES
For the below-listed reported contaminants, the following equivalent runway conditions can be
retained for the takeoff performance determination.
Reported contaminant
Equivalent Runway Condition
Type of contaminant Depth of contaminant
Slush ≤ 3 mm (0.12 in)
Water ≤ 3 mm (0.12 in) Wet
≤ 3 mm (0.12 in)
≤ 12.7 mm (1/2 in) 6.3 mm (1/4 in) Slush
Wet snow
≤ 25.4 mm (1 in) 12.7 mm (1/2 in) Slush
> 25.4 mm (1 in) Takeoff not recommended
≤ 3 mm (0.12 in) Wet
≤ 50.8 mm (2 in) 6.3 mm (1/4 in) Slush
Dry snow
≤ 101.6 mm (4 in) 12.7 mm (1/2 in) Slush
> 101.6 mm (4 in) Takeoff not recommended
OPERATIONAL CONDITIONS
Performance penalties for takeoff as published in this section are computed with the
following assumptions :
‐ The contaminant is in a layer of uniform depth and density over the entire length of the runway.
‐ Antiskid and spoilers are operative.
‐ The friction coefficient is based on studies and checked by actual tests.
‐ The screen height at the end of takeoff segment is 15 ft, not 35 ft.
In addition, for contaminated runways only :
‐ There is drag due to rolling resistance of the wheels.
‐ There is drag due to spray on the airframe and gears.
‐ Reverse thrust is used for the deceleration phase.
‐ Maximum thrust is used for takeoff.
Note: The net flight path clears obstacles by 15 ft instead of 35 ft.
TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE
TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE
CAUTION The method is based on the use of the RTOW charts established at optimum V2/VS
and optimum V1/VR. In addition, when applying corrections for a wet runway, the
RTOW charts should also have been established with V1 min (minimum V1 of the
V1 range). The method should not be used with takeoff charts computed for other
conditions. All tables have been established for TOGA (and Flexible Takeoff for wet
runways). Do not use them for Derated thrust.
Correct the determined maximum takeoff weight on dry runway to take into account QNH and bleed
effects, then apply the corrections given on the following pages.
Note: 1. The results obtained with this method may be different from the influence given at the
bottom of the RTOW chart.
2. On contaminated runway, in some cases, no MTOW can be determined with this method
(box dashed below a given weight). A specific RTOW chart must then be computed.
3. The published corrections are valid for charts calculated with forward CG and basic CG.
HOW TO PROCEED
1. Determine the maximum takeoff weight or flexible temperature and associated speeds on dry
runway.
2. Two sets of tables are given depending on the use of thrust reversers and the presence of
clearway. Select the table to use as applicable to your case.
The runway length in the table corresponds to the available takeoff run (TORA).
3. Apply the corrections shown in the table to the maximum takeoff weight or flexible temperature
and associated speeds determined on dry runway.
4. Check that takeoff speeds are greater than the minimum values shown on the RTOW chart.
If one or more speeds are lower than these minimum values, apply the following procedure :
‐ Actual TOW = maximum TOW
• If V1 is lower than the minimum V1 (V1 limited by VMCG), take this last value as V1 and
further decrease weight by 3 000 kg (6 600 lb ) per knot difference between them. Check that
VR and V2 are higher than or equal to the minimum values.
• If VR or/and V2 falls below the minimum values, takeoff is not possible.
‐ Actual TOW lower than maximum TOW
• If V1 corresponding to actual TOW is lower than the minimum V1 (V1 limited by VMCG) :
▪ If maximum TOW has a V1 equal to or above minimum V1, retain minimum V1 as V1 and
decrease the flexible temperature by 4 °C per knot difference between them.
▪ In the rare case when the V1 corresponding to maximum TOW falls below the minimum
V1, decrease maximum TOW by 3 000 kg (6 600 lb ) per knot difference between them.
Limit the actual TOW to the value found after this decrement. Take V1 equal to minimum
V1 and decrease the flexible temperature by 4 °C per knot difference between this last
value and the V1 corresponding to the actual TOW. Check that VR and V2 are higher than
or equal to the minimum values.
• If VR or V2 corresponding to actual TOW falls below the minimum values, and if VR and V2
corresponding to maximum TOW are above the minimum values, retain the minimum speed
value for VR and V2.
5. Check that V2 is above the minimum V2 value due to VMU (Refer to PER-TOF-TOD-25-10
SPEEDS LIMITED BY VMC).
6. Check that the corrected flexible temperature is higher than OAT and Tref.
Note: ‐ Do not extrapolate below the shortest runway length provided in the table.
‐ If no minimum speed value is available, use the conservative values provided on Refer to
PER-TOF-TOD-25-10 SPEEDS LIMITED BY VMC.
TAKEOFF
1+F 2 3
CONFIGURATION
RUNWAY LENGTH
(m) 2 500 3 000 3 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 1 750 2 000 2 500
(ft) 8 000 10 000 11 500 6 500 8 000 10 000 5 750 6 500 8 000
and above and above and above
FLEX TO
Temperature 8 5 3 8 6 2 6 6 2
decrement (°C)
MAX TO Weight
decrement (1 000 kg) 2.6 2.0 1.3 2.5 2.2 0.7 2.1 2.1 0.7
(1 000 lb) 5.8 4.5 2.9 5.6 4.9 1.6 4.7 4.7 1.6
V1 decrement (kt) 15 14 14 16 14 14 14 15 13
VR and V2
2 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 0
decrement (kt)
TAKEOFF
1+F 2 3
CONFIGURATION
RUNWAY LENGTH
(m) 2500 3000 3500 2000 2500 3000 1750 2000 2500
(ft) 8000 10000 11500 6500 8000 10000 5750 6500 8000
and above and above and above
FLEX TO Temperature
3 2 0 3 1 0 2 1 1
decrement (°C)
MAX TO Weight
decrement (1000 kg) 1.0 0.6 0.0 0.8 0.3 0.0 0.6 0.2 0.1
(1000 lb) 2.3 1.4 0.0 1.8 0.7 0.0 1.4 0.5 0.3
V1 decrement (kt) 9 9 9 10 8 9 10 9 8
VR and V2
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
decrement (kt)
TAKEOFF
1+F 2 3
CONFIGURATION
RUNWAY LENGTH
(m) 2 500 3 000 3 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 1 750 2 000 2 500
(ft) 8 000 10 000 11 500 6 500 8 000 10 000 5 750 6 500 8 000
and above and above and above
FLEX TO
Temperature 15 9 9 14 11 4 15 12 5
decrement (°C)
MAX TO Weight
decrement
(1 000 kg) 5.4 4.1 3.8 4.6 4.2 1.6 4.5 4.5 2.2
(1 000 lb) 12.0 9.1 8.4 10.2 9.3 3.6 10.0 10.0 4.9
V1 decrement (kt) 14 15 15 14 14 15 13 13 14
VR and V2
4 3 6 4 4 6 3 4 5
decrement (kt)
TAKEOFF
1+F 2 3
CONFIGURATION
RUNWAY LENGTH
(m) 2 500 3 000 3 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 1 750 2 000 2 500
(ft) 8 000 10 000 11 500 6 500 8 000 10 000 5 750 6 500 8 000
and above and above and above
FLEX TO Temperature
11 5 2 10 8 3 11 9 3
decrement (°C)
MAX TO Weight
decrement (1 000 kg) 3.9 2.3 0.9 3.3 3.1 1.0 3.3 3.3 1.3
(1 000 lb) 8.6 5.1 2.0 7.3 6.9 2.3 7.3 7.3 2.5
V1 decrement (kt) 9 10 12 9 9 10 8 9 9
VR and V2
3 2 3 3 3 4 2 2 4
decrement (kt)
ACTUAL WEIGHT
<48.7 48.7 50 52 54 56 58 59 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78
(1 000 kg)
V2
125 125 127 129 132 134 137 138 139 141 143 146 148 150 153 155 157 159
(kt IAS)
VR
119 119 121 123 126 128 131 132 133 135 137 140 142 144 147 149 151 153
(kt IAS)
V1
115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 116 118 120 123 125 127 130 132 134 136
(kt IAS)
CONF 3
CORRECTED
WEIGHT <57.8 57.8 58 60 60 to 78
(1 000 kg)
MTOW
- 48 49 60 EQUAL TO CORRECTED WEIGHT
(1 000 kg)
ACTUAL WEIGHT
<48 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78
(1 000 kg)
V2
123 126 126 128 131 133 135 138 140 142 145 147 149 151 153 155 157
(kt IAS)
VR
118 118 121 123 126 128 130 133 135 137 140 142 144 146 148 150 152
(kt IAS)
V1
114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 116 118 121 123 125 129 129 131 133
(kt IAS)
ACTUAL
WEIGHT <48 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78
(1 000 kg)
V2
124 124 127 129 132 134 137 139 141 143 146 148 150 153 155 157 159
(kt IAS)
VR
119 119 122 124 127 129 132 134 136 138 141 143 145 148 150 152 154
(kt IAS)
V1
115 115 115 115 115 117 120 122 124 126 129 131 133 136 138 140 142
(kt IAS)
CONF 3
CORRECTED
WEIGHT <54 54 56 56 to 78
(1 000 kg)
MTOW
- 48 56 EQUAL TO CORRECTED WEIGHT
(1 000 kg)
ACTUAL
WEIGHT <48 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78
(1 000 kg)
V2
123 123 126 128 131 133 135 138 140 142 145 147 149 151 153 155 157
(kt IAS)
VR
118 118 121 123 126 128 130 133 135 137 140 142 144 146 148 150 152
(kt IAS)
V1
114 114 114 114 114 114 116 119 121 123 126 128 130 132 134 136 138
(kt IAS)
ACTUAL
WEIGHT <48 48 50 52 54 56 56.7 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78
(1 000 kg)
V2
124 124 127 129 132 134 135 137 139 141 143 146 148 150 153 155 157 159
(kt IAS)
VR
119 119 122 124 127 129 130 132 134 136 138 141 143 145 148 150 152 154
(kt IAS)
V1
115 115 115 115 115 115 115 117 119 121 123 126 128 130 133 135 137 139
(kt IAS)
CONF 3
CORRECTED
WEIGHT <56.3 56.3 58 58.7 58.7 to 78
(1 000 kg)
MTOW
- 48 55 58.7 EQUAL TO CORRECTED WEIGHT
(1 000 kg)
ACTUAL
WEIGHT <48 48 50 52 54 56 58 58.7 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78
(1 000 kg)
V2
123 123 126 128 131 133 135 136 138 140 142 145 147 149 151 153 155 157
(kt IAS)
VR
118 118 121 123 126 128 130 131 133 135 137 140 142 144 146 148 150 152
(kt IAS)
V1
114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 116 118 120 123 125 127 129 131 133 135
(kt IAS)
ACTUAL WEIGHT
<47 47 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78
(1 000 kg)
V2
123 123 124 127 129 132 134 137 139 141 143 146 148 150 153 155 157 159
(kt IAS)
VR
119 119 120 123 125 128 130 133 135 137 139 142 144 146 149 151 153 155
(kt IAS)
V1
115 115 115 115 117 120 122 125 127 129 131 134 136 138 141 143 145 147
(kt IAS)
CONF 3
CORRECTED
WEIGHT <51 51 52 52 to 78
(1 000 kg)
MTOW
- 48 52 EQUAL TO CORRECTED WEIGHT
(1 000 kg)
ACTUAL WEIGHT
<48 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78
(1 000 kg)
V2
123 123 126 128 131 133 135 138 140 142 145 147 149 151 153 155 157
(kt IAS)
VR
119 119 122 124 127 129 131 134 136 138 141 143 145 147 149 151 153
(kt IAS)
V1
114 114 114 114 117 119 121 124 126 128 131 133 135 137 139 141 143
(kt IAS)
ACTUAL
WEIGHT <48 48 50 52 54 56 56.7 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78
(1 000 kg)
V2
124 124 127 129 132 134 135 137 139 141 143 146 148 150 153 155 157 159
(kt IAS)
VR
119 119 122 124 127 129 130 132 134 136 138 141 143 145 148 150 152 154
(kt IAS)
V1
115 115 115 115 115 115 115 117 119 121 123 126 128 130 133 135 137 139
(kt IAS)
CONF 3
CORRECTED
WEIGHT <56.3 56.3 58 58.7 58.7 to 78
(1 000 kg)
MTOW
- 48 55 58.7 EQUAL TO CORRECTED WEIGHT
(1 000 kg)
ACTUAL
WEIGHT <48 48 50 52 54 56 58 58.7 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78
(1 000 kg)
V2
123 123 126 128 131 133 135 136 138 140 142 145 147 149 151 153 155 157
(kt IAS)
VR
119 119 122 124 127 129 131 132 134 136 138 141 143 145 147 149 151 153
(kt IAS)
V1
114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 116 118 120 123 125 127 129 131 133 135
(kt IAS)
EXAMPLE
DATA
Runway length : 3 000 m, OAT = 36 °C, no wind, CONF 1+F
Determine maximum takeoff weight on dry runway from RTOW chart (Refer to
PER-TOF-TOC-10-30 DESCRIPTION OF TAKEOFF CHART).
Maximum TOW = 80 100 kg, V1 = 153 kt, VR = 156 kt, V2 = 158 kt.
With no thrust reversers operating and assuming that no clearway was used to compute the dry
RTOW chart, use the table Refer to PER-TOF-CTA-40-20 NO THRUST REVERSERS OPERATIVE
(NO CLEARWAY).
DATA
Runway length 3 000 m (no clearway), OAT = 5 °C, 5 kt tailwind, CONF 1 + F
Determine maximum takeoff weight on dry runway (Refer to PER-TOF-TOC-10-30 EXAMPLE OF
TAKEOFF CHART)
MTOW = 63 000 kg
V1 = 135 kt, VR = 143 kt, V2 = 144 kt
PERFORMANCE
FLIGHT PLANNING
Intentionally left blank
PERFORMANCE
FLIGHT PLANNING
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
PER-FPL-GEN GENERAL
PER-FPL-GEN-INT INTRODUCTION
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
PER-FPL-FLP-ALT ALTITUDE
PER-FPL-FLP-ALT-10 OPTIMUM AND MAXIMUM ALTITUDES
DEFINITIONS...........................................................................................................................................................A
CRUISE LEVEL CHARTS - GENERAL.................................................................................................................. B
CRUISE LEVEL CHARTS - OPTIMUM WEIGHT FOR 4000 FEET STEP CLIMB.................................................C
CRUISE LEVEL CHARTS - BLEED CORRECTIONS............................................................................................D
CRUISE LEVEL CHARTS - LONG RANGE SPEED..............................................................................................E
CRUISE LEVEL CHARTS - M.78........................................................................................................................... F
PER-FPL-FLP-QFP-30 EXAMPLE
EXAMPLE................................................................................................................................................................ A
GENERAL
Use this flight planning chapter when no precalculated flight plan is available.
It contains the following general graphs and tables :
‐ Maximum and optimum cruise altitudes for M .78 and long range speed
‐ Optimum altitude on short stage
‐ Ground mile to air mile conversion for M .78 and long range speed
The integrated range method includes the following tables :
‐ Integrated cruise tables for M .78 for flight levels from FL 290 to FL 390,
‐ Integrated cruise tables for long range speed for flight levels from FL 100 to FL 390,
‐ Climb, step climb and descent correction tables.
These tables allow the flight planning to be done segment by segment.
For calculation tables, Refer to PER-FPL-FLP-CAT CALCULATION TABLE. And for a
comprehensive example to show how to use them, Refer to PER-FPL-FLP-CAT EXAMPLE.
For the quick determination method, Refer to PER-FPL-FLP-QFP-40 FLIGHT PLANNING M.78 and
Refer to PER-FPL-FLP-QFP-50 FLIGHT PLANNING LRC.
The total fuel quantity required to fly a given sector is the sum of the following quantities:
TAXI FUEL
Quantity required for startup and taxi. Fuel calculation is based on a consumption of 11.5 kg/min or
25 lb/min
Average quantity (12 min) → 140 kg or 300 lb
TRIP FUEL
Fuel required from departure to destination includes the following quantities:
‐ Takeoff and climb at selected speed.
‐ Cruise at selected speed.
‐ Descent from cruising level to 1 500 ft above destination airport.
‐ Approach and landing. Fuel calculation is based on a consumption of 20 kg/min or 45 lb/min
Average quantity (6 min IFR) →120 kg or 270 lb
RESERVE FUEL
This quantity includes :
“EN ROUTE” RESERVE FUEL (CONTINGENCY FUEL)
• According to national regulations and company policy (generally based on a percentage of
trip fuel).
ALTERNATE FUEL
• Fuel required to fly from destination to alternate airport.
It includes go-around 100 kg or 220 lb, climb to cruising level, cruise at long range speed,
descent and approach procedure.
80 kg or 180 lb for 4 min VFR
HOLDING FUEL
Calculation of holding fuel should take into account the altitude of the alternate and the landing
weight at the alternate. To use holding charts Refer to PER-HLD-GEN GENERAL.
A conservative quantity corresponding to a 30 min holding at 1 500 ft above alternate airport
elevation at “green dot” speed in the clean configuration is 1 200 kg or 2 700 lb
APU FUEL
During ground operations, APU fuel consumption is about 130 kg/h or 290 lb/h (Packs ON,
90 KVA load on APU GEN).
FLIGHT PLAN
When no precalculated flight plan is available, flight planning can be determined by using the tables
given in this chapter.
Fuel policy will be the same as for precalculated flight plan.
The graph on the following page defines the different terms used in this chapter.
GENERAL
Note: ‐ Differences in fuel consumption during step climb sections will be taken into account in
the calculation table (Refer to PER-FPL-FLP-CAT CALCULATION TABLE).
‐ To find optimum aircraft weight to proceed to next flight level (4 000 ft step) (Refer to
PER-CRZ-ALT-10 CRUISE LEVEL CHARTS GENERAL).
‐ Integrated cruise tables are established for ISA conditions only. Corrections due
to differences from ISA temperature are included in the calculation table (Refer to
PER-FPL-FLP-CAT CALCULATION TABLE).
‐ Overhead departure weight is assumed to be equal to weight at brake release.
‐ Overhead destination weight must be entered in the calculation table (Refer to
PER-FPL-FLP-CAT CALCULATION TABLE).
CALCULATION TABLE
EXAMPLE
DATA
‐ TO weight : 72 000 kg
‐ Ground distance to destination : 2 000 nm
‐ Wind : –50 kt (head wind)
‐ Selected initial FL : 350
‐ Mach number : M .78
‐ Temperature : ISA +10
DETERMINATION OF CRUISE FUEL AND TIME
A : Enter the chosen flight Mach number, flight level, ground distance to be covered and
forecast windspeed in the calculation table (See CALCULATION TABLE).
Calculate the air distance (Refer to PER-OPD-CON-AEO M.78)
here : M .78, 50 kt head wind, 2 000 nm ground distance
→ air distance : 2 248 nm
CRUISE TABLE FL350
B : Read from integrated cruise table (M .78, FL 350) the values for time and distance for
a weight of 72 000 kg (Refer to PER-FPL-FLP-ICR-20 INTEGRATED CRUISE - M.78
FL350) :
→ distance : 5 599 nm → time : 747 min
C : Read from Refer to PER-CRZ-ALT-10 CRUISE LEVEL CHARTS GENERAL the value
for the optimum aircraft weight to proceed to FL 390 → 62 000 kg
D : Enter integrated cruise table (M .78, FL 350) and read the values for a weight of
62 000 kg (begin of first step climb)
→ distance : 3 759 nm → time : 502 min
E : Calculate the values for the first cruise segment :
Fuel : 72 000 – 62 000 = 10 000 kg
Distance : 5 599 – 3 759 = 1 840 nm
Time : 747 – 502 = 245 min
Remaining distance : 2 248 – 1 840 = 408 nm
CRUISE TABLE FL390
F : Read from integrated cruise table (M .78, FL 390) the values for time and distance for
the weight of 62 000 kg (Refer to PER-FPL-FLP-ICR-20 INTEGRATED CRUISE - M.78
FL390)
→ distance : 4 050 nm → time : 543 min
G : Subtract remaining distance : 4 050 – 408 = 3 642 nm
H : Interpolate in integrated cruise table (M .78, FL 390) the weight and time values
corresponding to the distance of 3 642 nm
→ weight : 60 000 kg → time : 489 min
I : Calculate values for the second cruise segment :
Fuel : 62 000 – 60 000 = 2 000 kg
Distance : 4 050 – 3 642 = 408 nm
Time : 543-489 = 54 min
Crosscheck that remaining air distance equals zero.
J : Fill in the final table with weight overhead departure (72 000 kg) and weight overhead
destination (60 000 kg).
K : Calculate total values :
Fuel : 72 000 – 60 000 = 12 000 kg
Time : 245 + 54 = 299 min = 4 h 59 min
DATA
‐ TO weight : 72 000 kg
‐ Ground distance to destination : 2 000 nm
‐ Wind : –50 kt
‐ Selected first flight level : FL 350
‐ M .78
‐ Temperature : ISA +10 along the whole flight profile
Line 10 : Check that landing weight at destination is lower than maximum landing
weight.
Line 17 : Check that the zero fuel weight is lower than maximum zero fuel weight.
Line 22 : Check that the block fuel value is lower than maximum tank capacity.
DEFINITIONS
• Optimum altitude : The altitude at which the airplane covers the maximum distance per kilogram
(pound) of fuel (best specific range). It depends on the actual weight and deviation from ISA.
• Maximum altitude is defined as the lower of :
‐ maximum altitude at maximum cruise thrust in level flight and
‐ maximum altitude at maximum climb thrust with 300 ft/min vertical speed.
Note: Definition of the maximum altitude in the FMGC is different (Refer to DSC-22_20-40-30
Other Computations - Recommended Maximum Altitude (REC MAX)).
CRUISE LEVEL CHARTS - OPTIMUM WEIGHT FOR 4000 FEET STEP CLIMB
Refer to PER-CRZ-ALT-10 CRUISE LEVEL CHARTS OPTIMUM WEIGHT FOR 4000 FEET STEP
CLIMB.
GENERAL
GENERAL
Integrated cruise tables allow the planner to calculate the cruise fuel consumption and the cruise time
required to cover a given air distance.
In the tables, the difference between two gross weights represents the fuel consumption. The
difference between the corresponding distances and times respectively represents the cruise
distance covered and the cruise time for this fuel consumption.
Integrated cruise tables are established for M .78 at fixed levels from FL 290 to FL 390 and for long
range speed at fixed levels from FL 100 to FL 390.
Corrections are given on separate tables to allow for step climbs and to take into account the climb
and the descent phases.
Following tables have been calculated using databases for CFM 56-5-B /P. If the engines fitted on
the aircraft are not /P, the fuel consumption has to be increased by 3 %.
CLIMB CORRECTION
CLIMB CORRECTION
The planner must correct the values for the fuel and the time obtained from the integrated cruise
tables with the numbers given in the following tables. The tables which are established for M .78 and
long range speed, take into account climbing from the brake release point at 250 kt/300 kt/M .78.
M .78 AND LONG RANGE SPEED
CORRECTION ON FUEL CONSUMPTION (1 000 KG)
WEIGHT AT BRAKE RELEASE (1 000 KG) Time
FL
50 54 58 62 66 70 74 78 Correction
390 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 - - - - 4 min
370 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 - - 4 min
350 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 5 min
330 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 5 min
310 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 5 min
290 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 5 min
270 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 5 min
250 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 5 min
200 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 5 min
150 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 4 min
100 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 3 min
When the flight includes one or more step climbs (2 000 ft below FL 290, 4 000 ft above), apply a
correction of 50 kg per step climb to the fuel consumption.
DESCENT CORRECTION
DESCENT CORRECTION
Correct the fuel and time values determined in the integrated cruise tables as follows to take into
account the descent down to 1 500 ft followed by a 6 min IFR approach and landing.
CORRECTION ON FUEL CONSUMPTION (1 000 kg)
WEIGHT OVERHEAD DESTINATION (1 000 kg)
FL Time Correction
46 50 54 58 62 66 70
390 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 - 10 min
370 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 10 min
350 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 10 min
330 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 10 min
310 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 10 min
290 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 10 min
270 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 10 min
250 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 10 min
200 0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 10 min
150 0 0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 9 min
100 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0.1 8 min
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
The following flight planning tables allow the planner to determine trip fuel consumption and trip time
required to cover a given air distance.
These tables are established for:
‐ Takeoff
‐ Climb profile 250 kt/300 kt/M 0.78
‐ Cruise Mach number M 0.78/LR
‐ Descent profile M 0.78/300 kt/250 kt
‐ Approach and landing 120 kg - 6 min IFR
‐ ISA
‐ CG = 33 %
‐ Normal air conditioning
‐ Anti ice OFF
They are based upon a reference landing weight of 55 000 kg and have been calculated using
databases for CFM 56–5–B/P. If the engines fitted on the aircraft are neither /P, nor /3, the fuel
consumption has to be increased by 3 %.
Note: 1. In the tables, the asterisk (*) means that a step climb of 4 000 ft must be flown to reach
the corresponding FL.
2. To obtain a flight plan at optimum cruise level, the highest flight level desired within the
flight has to be selected in the table.
3. For each degree Celcius above ISA temperature apply fuel correction 0.015 (kg/°C/NM)
× ΔISA (°C) × Air Distance (NM).
The fuel consumption must be corrected when the actual landing weight is different from the
reference landing weight.
If it is lower (or greater) than the reference landing weight, subtract (or add) the value given in the
correction part of the table per 1 000 kg below (or above) the reference landing weight.
EXAMPLE
EXAMPLE
GENERAL
The alternate planning tables enable the flight crew to determine the fuel consumption and time
required to cover a given air distance from go-around at destination airport to landing at alternate
airport.
These tables are established for:
‐ Go-around: 100 kg or 220 lb
‐ Climb profile: 250 kt/300 kt/M .78
‐ Long range speed
‐ Descent profile: M .78/300 kt/250 kt
‐ Approach and landing at alternate airport: 80 kg or 180 lb (4 min)
‐ ISA
‐ CG = 33 %
‐ Normal air conditioning
‐ Anti ice OFF
Following tables have been calculated using databases for CFM 56–5–B /P. If the engines fitted on
the aircraft are not /P or /3, the fuel consumption has to be increased by 3 %.
Note: 1. In the tables, the asterisk (*) means that a step climb of 4 000 ft must be flown to reach
the corresponding flight level.
2. The flight level shown on the top of each column is the final flight level.
3. For each degree Celsius above ISA temperature apply a fuel correction of
0.015 (kg/°C/NM) × ΔISA (°C) × Air distance (NM)
or 0.033 (lb/°C/NM) × ΔISA (°C) × Air distance (NM)
The alternate planning tables are based on a reference landing weight at alternate.
The fuel consumption must be corrected when the landing weight is different from the reference
landing weight.
If it is lower (or greater) than the reference weight, subtract (or add) the value given in the correction
part of the table per 1 000 kg or 1 000 lb below (or above) the reference weight.
GENERAL
This section provides guidance to operators on when an economical benefit to perform fuel tankering
exists.
Fuel tankering is mainly considered for economic reasons, when the difference in fuel prices between
departure airport and destination airport is significant.
Operators may also consider fuel tankering when the fuel supply is unreliable or the fuel type is
unavailable.
The operator has to take into account additional costs due to the aircraft weight increase. These
costs are not negligible and the operator should consider them against fuel tankering gains.
Main additional costs to consider are:
‐ Reduction in takeoff thrust derate via lower flexible temperature
‐ Increase in engine wear as a result of higher EGT
‐ Increase in the use of braking devices at landing (brakes, thrust reversers, tires) due to heavier
Landing Weight
‐ The extra fuel burn will result in an economical penalty due to possible emission taxation.
Note: The fuel tankering method takes into account the cost for the transport of the tankered fuel.
There are other operational aspects to consider when fuel tankering. The most common are risk of
overweight landings are reduction in operation performance margins for short, hot or high elevation
runways.
CALCULATION
The Fuel Price Ratio (FPR) is defined as the fuel price at the departure airport divided by the fuel
price at the destination airport.
The Break-Even Fuel Price Ratio (BEFPR) introduces a limit fuel price ratio below which the fuel
tankering becomes profitable from a fuel cost point of view.
When Fuel Price Ratio is below the BEFRP
‐ The advantage of the lower fuel price at departure compensates the additional fuel burn (the
additional fuel burn is due to the additional fuel tankered)
‐ Fuel tankering maximizes the gain when as much fuel as possible is tankered
‐ The tankered fuel quantity is limited by:
‐ Maximum fuel capacity
‐ Structural or performance limited Maximum Takeoff Weight
‐ Structural or performance limited Maximum Landing Weight
‐ Fuel required for the next flight.
In case of Maximum Landing Weight limitation, the flight crew can limit the fuel tankered at their
discretion in order to avoid possible overweight landing.
The following table shows the BEFPR versus the air distance of the first flight leg.
The table also indicates the additional fuel burn per 1 000 kg (1 000 lb) of extra fuel tankered. The
total additional fuel burn must be added to the total trip fuel from the departure airport.
The following table is available for aircraft performance degradation (Performance Factor) :
AIR DISTANCE PERF FACTOR 5% PERF FACTOR 10%
(nm) BREAK FUEL BURN PER BREAK FUEL BURN PER
EVEN FUEL 1000 kg OF FUEL EVEN FUEL 1000 kg OF FUEL
PRICE RATIO TANKERED (kg) PRICE RATIO TANKERED (kg)
100 0.99 10 0.99 10
300 0.972 28 0.971 29
500 0.957 43 0.955 45
700 0.941 59 0.939 61
1 000 0.914 86 0.908 92
1 300 0.879 121 0.873 127
1 500 0.857 143 0.848 152
1 700 0.839 161 0.853 147
2 000 0.814 186 0.79 210
2 400 No gain No gain
EXAMPLE
PERFORMANCE
CLIMB
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CLIMB
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OPERATING MANUAL
PER-CLB-GEN GENERAL
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
GENERAL
Climb tables are established at MAX CLIMB THRUST with air conditioning in normal mode and anti
ice OFF.
The climb speed profile is :
‐ 250 kt from 1 500 ft up to FL 100
‐ acceleration from 250 kt to 300 kt
‐ climb at 300 kt then M .78 up to selected altitude.
All charts are established with a center of gravity corresponding to 33 %.
CLIMB - ISA
PERFORMANCE
CRUISE
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PERFORMANCE
CRUISE
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FLIGHT CREW PRELIMINARY PAGES - TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATING MANUAL
PER-CRZ-ALT ALTITUDE
PER-CRZ-ALT-10 OPTIMUM AND MAXIMUM ALTITUDES
DEFINITIONS...........................................................................................................................................................A
Cruise Level Charts General...................................................................................................................................B
OPTIMUM WEIGHT FOR 4000 FEET STEP CLIMB............................................................................................. C
CRUISE LEVEL CHARTS BLEED CORRECTIONS.............................................................................................. D
CRUISE LEVEL CHARTS M.78..............................................................................................................................E
CRUISE LEVEL CHARTS LONG RANGE SPEED.................................................................................................F
PER-CRZ-ICQ-30 EXAMPLE
EXAMPLE................................................................................................................................................................ A
Seven tables give the optimum Mach number versus cost index, altitude and wind as calculated by
the FMGC.
DEFINITIONS
• Optimum altitude : the altitude at which the airplane covers the maximum distance per kilogram
(pound) of fuel (best specific range). It depends on the actual weight and the deviation from ISA.
• Maximum altitude is defined as the lower of :
‐ maximum altitude at maximum cruise thrust in level flight and
‐ maximum altitude at maximum climb thrust with 300 ft/min vertical speed.
Note: Definition of the maximum altitude in the FMGC is different (Refer to DSC-22_20-50-10
MCDU).
BLEED CORRECTIONS
ENGINE ANTI ICE TOTAL ANTI ICE
Max Alt. : -200 ft Max Alt. : -500 ft
ISA Opt Alt. : -200 ft Opt Alt. : -300 ft
Max Alt. : -1 500 ft Max Alt. : -4 200 ft
ISA + 10 Opt Alt. : -400 ft Opt Alt. : -3 100 ft
Max Alt. : -3 500 ft Max Alt. : -4 800 ft
ISA + 15 Opt Alt. : -3 500 ft Opt Alt. : -4 300 ft
Max Alt. : -5 300 ft Max Alt. : -6 500 ft
ISA + 20 Opt Alt. : -3 800 ft Opt Alt. : -6 200 ft
According to the air distance (from brake release point to landing), the cruise flight level is limited by
the distance required to perform climb and descent. The graph determines the optimum altitude.
It includes the following profiles:
‐ Takeoff
‐ Climb: 250 kt/300 kt/M .78
‐ Long range cruise (during at least 5 min)
‐ Descent: M .78/300 kt/250 kt
‐ Approach and landing
and it is established for:
‐ ISA
‐ CG = 33 %
‐ Normal air conditioning
‐ Anti ice OFF
GENERAL
GENERAL
The following in cruise quick check tables allow the flight crew to determine the fuel consumption and
the time required to cover a given air distance from any moment in cruise to land.
These tables are established for:
‐ Cruise Mach number: M 0.78/LR
‐ Descent profile: M 0.78/300 kt/250 kt
‐ Approach and landing: 120 kg or 270 lb -6 min IMC
‐ ISA
‐ CG = 33 %
‐ Normal air conditioning
‐ Anti ice OFF
Note: 1. In the tables, the asterisk “*” means that a step climb of 4 000 ft has been made to reach
the corresponding flight level.
2. The flight level shown on the top of each column is the final flight level.
3. For each degree celsius above ISA apply a fuel correction of
0.005 (kg/°C/NM) × ΔISA (°C) × Air Distance (NM)
or 0.011 (lb/°C/NM) × ΔISA (°C) × Air Distance (NM)
The in cruise quick check tables are based on a reference initial weight.
The fuel consumption must be corrected when the actual weight is different from the reference initial
weight.
If it is lower (or greater) than the reference weight, subtract (or add) the value given in the correction
part of the table per 1 000 kg or 1 000 lb below (or above) the reference weight.
EXAMPLE
PERFORMANCE
HOLDING
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PERFORMANCE
HOLDING
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OPERATING MANUAL
PER-HLD-GEN GENERAL
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
GENERAL
Holding tables contain information about the total fuel flow that allows the flight crew to plan holding
and reserve fuel requirements.
They are established for flight in a race track holding pattern for two different configurations:
• Clean configuration at 210 kt and green dot speed
• Configuration 1 at 170 kt and S speed.
Green dot speed in clean configuration and S in CONF 1 are speeds between the minimum fuel
speed and the minimum drag speed.
These charts are established with air conditioning in normal mode and the center of gravity at 33 %.
CONF 0 - 210KT
CONF 1 - S SPEED
CONF 1 - 170KT
PERFORMANCE
DESCENT
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DESCENT
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OPERATING MANUAL
PER-DES-GEN GENERAL
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
PER-DES-STD STANDARD
DESCENT- M.78/300KT/250KT...............................................................................................................................A
PER-DES-EMG EMERGENCY
EMERGENCY DESCENT - M.82/350KT................................................................................................................ A
GENERAL
Descent tables are established for normal descent speed M .78 / 300 kt /250 kt and emergency
descent at MMO/VMO with airbrakes extended, down to 1 500 ft with :
• Normal air conditioning
• CG = 33 %
• Anti ice OFF
For normal descent, cabin vertical speed is limited to 350 ft/min
DESCENT- M.78/300KT/250KT
PERFORMANCE
GO AROUND
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GO AROUND
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OPERATING MANUAL
PER-GOA-GEN GENERAL
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
PROCEDURE.......................................................................................................................................................... B
PER-GOA-ACG-CAT CAT II
CAT II - CONF 2..................................................................................................................................................... A
CAT II - CONF 3..................................................................................................................................................... B
GENERAL
In the go around configuration corresponding to the all engine procedure, the minimum steady
gradient one engine inoperative required by the regulations is 2.1 % at a speed not exceeding 1.4
Vs. This requirement is also called approach climb performance by regulations.
The following tables allow to determine the go around limiting weight which satisfies the required
gradient with the certified go around configurations 3 and 2.
The required gradient of 2.1 % is considered at the airport reference altitude. The power setting
is “GO AROUND” thrust with the air conditioning ON. The speed is 1.23 Vs of the specified
configuration. For the occasional cases where approach climb performance is found restrictive, a
correction is given for an increased speed, up to 1.4 Vs.
Note: Landing climb performance (2 engines running) is never limiting.
PROCEDURE
According to airport pressure altitude and temperature determine if the slats/flaps setting must be
restricted as a function of the landing weight, in order to meet the go around gradient requirement of
2.1 %.
Establish the final approach configuration with one more step of flaps. If the approach is interrupted,
retract the flaps by one step during the go-around.
In case of category II approach, JAR-OPS requires a regulatory approach climb gradient of 2.5 % to
be maintained.
Use the tables for CAT II approach to determine the maximum approach climb limiting weight
according to airport pressure altitude and temperature.
Note: 1. If circumstances dictate, landing may be made at a weight corresponding to the
maximum structural takeoff weight. (Refer to PRO-ABN-80 OVERWEIGHT LANDING).
2. When icing conditions are predicted during the flight and TAT is 10 °C or below and there
is an evidence of significant ice accretion, to take into account ice formation on the non
heated structure :
‐ decrease the approach climb limiting weight by 4.5 %.
‐ in CONF FULL, the approach speed must not be lower than VREF +5 kt.
or
in CONF 3, the approach speed must not be lower than VLS +10 kt.
For Landing Performance assessment, refer to QRH PER-C.
3. In the following tables corrections for anti ice are only valid for OAT lower than 10 °C.
CONF 2
CONF 3
CAT II - CONF 2
CAT II - CONF 3
PERFORMANCE
LANDING
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LANDING
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OPERATING MANUAL
PER-LDG-GEN GENERAL
GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................ A
DISPATCH............................................................................................................................................................... B
Use of the Autobrake System................................................................................................................................. C
PER-LDG-CTA-20 DEFINITIONS
DEFINITIONS...........................................................................................................................................................A
EQUIVALENCES..................................................................................................................................................... B
PER-LDG-DIS DISPATCH
PER-LDG-DIS-MAT Runway Condition Assessment Matrix for Landing
Runway Condition Assessment Matrix....................................................................................................................A
GENERAL
DISPATCH
The pilot must check before departure that the available runway length at destination is at least equal
to the required landing distance for the forecasted landing weight.
In case of aircraft system failure affecting landing distance known before the dispatch, the available
runway length must be at least equal to the required landing distance with failure, i.e. the required
landing distance without failure multiplied by the coefficient given in the Flight Manual or the MMEL.
GENERAL
This section presents the recommendations of Airbus Industrie for operations from wet runways or
from runways which are covered with contaminants such as standing water, slush or snow.
DEFINITIONS
DAMP : A runway is damp when the surface is not dry, but when the water on it
does not give it a shiny appearance.
WET : A runway is considered as wet when the surface has a shiny
appearance due to a thin layer of water. When this layer does not
exceed 3 mm depth, there is no substantial risk of hydroplaning.
STANDING WATER : is caused by heavy rainfall and/or insufficient runway drainage with a
depth of more than 3 mm.
SLUSH : is water saturated with snow which spatters when stepping firmly on
it. It is encountered at temperatures around 5 °C and its density is
approximately 0.85 kg/l (7.1 lb/US Gal).
WET SNOW : is a condition where, if compacted by hand, snow will stick together
and tend to form a snowball. Its density is approximately 0.4 kg/l
(3.35 lb/US Gal).
DRY SNOW : is a condition where snow can be blown if loose, or if compacted by
hand, will fall apart again upon release. Its density is approximately
0.2 kg/l (1.7 lb/US Gal).
COMPACTED SNOW : is a condition where snow has been compressed.
ICY : is a condition where the friction coefficient is 0.05 or below.
EQUIVALENCES
For the below-listed reported contaminants, the following equivalent runway conditions can be
retained for the landing performance determination.
Reported contaminant
Equivalent Runway Condition
Type of contaminant Depth of contaminant
Slush ≤ 3 mm (0.12 in)
Water ≤ 3 mm (0.12 in) Wet
≤ 3 mm (0.12 in)
Wet snow
≤ 30 mm (1.18 in) Slush
≤ 3 mm (0.12 in) Wet
Dry snow
≤ 130 mm (5.12 in) Slush
The RLD in the first table considers: Sea Level (SL), ISA, no wind, no slope, no engine reverse
thrust, manual landing, and VAPP=VLS.
Required Landing Distances (m)
Runway State Compacted Standing
Dry Wet Slush
Weight (1000 kg) snow Water
46 1 170 1 340 1 370 1 360 1 410
50 1 220 1 400 1 450 1 450 1 500
54 1 270 1 460 1 540 1 540 1 590
58 1 330 1 530 1 620 1 630 1 690
62 1 390 1 600 1 700 1 720 1 820
66 1 500 1 730 1 780 1 820 1 950
Corrections on Landing Distances (m)
Compacted Standing
Runway State Dry Wet Slush
snow Water
Per 1 000 ft
Altitude + 60 + 70 + 80 + 130 + 130
ABOVE SL
Speed Per 5 kt + 100 + 110 + 90 + 110 + 170
Wind Per 5 kt TW + 150 + 170 + 160 + 240 + 330
Per Thrust
Reverse - - - 70 - 70 - 80
Reverser Operative
Extended
CG + 30 + 30 + 50 + 40 + 50
Forward CG
RLD CONF 3
The RLD in the first table considers: Sea Level (SL), ISA, no wind, no slope, no engine reverse
thrust, manual landing, and VAPP=VLS.
Required Landing Distances (m)
Runway State Compacted Standing
Dry Wet Slush
Weight (1000 kg) snow Water
46 1 250 1 430 1 500 1 490 1 540
50 1 300 1 500 1 590 1 590 1 650
54 1 360 1 570 1 680 1 690 1 760
58 1 430 1 640 1 770 1 800 1 910
62 1 520 1 750 1 860 1 900 2 060
66 1 670 1 920 1 950 2 030 2 210
Corrections on Landing Distances (m)
Compacted Standing
Runway State Dry Wet Slush
snow Water
Per 1 000 ft
Altitude + 60 + 70 + 90 + 150 + 150
ABOVE SL
Speed Per 5 kt + 100 + 120 + 100 + 150 + 200
Wind Per 5 kt TW + 150 + 180 + 170 + 270 + 370
Per Thrust
Reverse - - - 90 - 90 - 90
Reverser Operative
Extended
CG + 30 + 30 + 50 + 60 + 60
Forward CG
EXAMPLE
EXAMPLE 1
Required Landing Distance (RLD) determination with multiple corrections
Data: Landing CONF = CONF FULL
LW = 58 T
DRY runway
Airport altitude = 2 000 ft
Approach speed = VLS
5 kt TW
ISA conditions
No slope
Read the reference distance for 58 T from RLD table:
RLD (DRY, 0 ft, VLS, no wind) = 1 330 m
Read the different corrections:
Altitude correction: 60 x 2 = +120 m
Wind correction: 150 x 1 = +150 m
RLD (DRY, 2 000 ft, VLS, 5 kt TW) = 1 330 + 120 + 150 = 1 600 m
EXAMPLE 2
Required Landing Distance (RLD) calculation with WET CHECK (Mandatory for EASA
operators)
Data: Landing CONF = CONF FULL
LW = 58 T
Runway covered with STANDING WATER
Airport altitude = 2 000 ft
Approach speed = VLS
Credit for all thrust reversers
ISA conditions
No slope
RLD (WATER, 2 000 ft, VLS, no wind, all reversers) = 1 690 + 130 x 2 - 80 x 2 = 1 790 m
Compare this distance to the landing distance in the same conditions on WET runway:
RLD (WET, 2 000 ft, VLS, no wind) = 1 530 + 70 x 2 = 1 670 m
RLD (WET) < RLD (WATER), therefore RLD = 1 790 m
INTRODUCTION
The following table shows the required landing distances on wet runway at Santos Dumont
airport (SBRJ/SDU) for A320-214/-215/-216 aircraft models fitted with BSCU STD 9 or L4.1 (or
higher versions). The use of this table is subject to a specific Flight Manual Supplement. The
performance on wet runway given in this table is applicable provided the runway is maintained
to acceptable standards for Porous Friction Course type runways in accordance with FAA AC
150/5320-12 or CAA CAP 683 or equivalent.
MANUAL LANDING
REQUIRED LANDING DISTANCE CONF FULL
Determine the corrected required landing distance for manual landing from the data above.
The required landing distance for automatic landing is equal to the corrected required landing
distance for manual landing except in the following case:
‐ In case of landing in CONF 3 with landing weight equal to or less than 55 000 kg and with no wind
or headwind, it is equal to the corrected required landing distance for manual required landing
increased by 95 m.
‐ In case of landing in CONF FULL with landing weight equal to or less than 70 000 kg it is equal to
the corrected required landing distance for manual required landing increased by 90 m.
PERFORMANCE
PER-OEI-GEN GENERAL
PER-OEI-GEN-05 GENERAL
INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................................................A
FLIGHT PREPARATION......................................................................................................................................... B
STRATEGY..............................................................................................................................................................C
PER-OEI-ALT ALTITUDE
PER-OEI-ALT-10 CEILINGS
GROSS CEILINGS AT LONG RANGE AND GREEN DOT SPEEDS.................................................................... A
NET CEILING AT GREEN DOT SPEED................................................................................................................ B