SIES COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCE AND COMMERCE

(Autonomous)

Affiliated to
UNIVERSITY OFMUMBAI

Syllabus for

SEM I & II

Program: F.Y. B.Sc.

Course: Physics

(Credit Based Semester and Grading System with effect from the
academic year 2018–2019)

10
 S yllabusfor B.Sc. Physics(Theory&Practical)

A spercreditbasedsystem
FirstYearB.Sc.2018–2019.

TherevisedsyllabusinPhysicsasper creditbasedsystemfortheFirstYearB.Sc.Course
willbeimplementedfromtheacademicyear2018–2019.

Preamble:

The systematic and planned curricula from these courses shall motivate and encourage
learners to understand basic concepts of Physics.

Objectives:
 To develop analytical abilities towards real world problems
 To familiarize with current and recent scientific and technological
developments
 To enrich knowledge through problem solving, hands on activities, study visits,
projects etc.

Course code Title Credits

Semester I
SIUSPHY11 Classical Mechanics, Optics& Thermodynamics 2
SIUSPHY12 Nuclear Physics& Introduction to Quantum Mechanics 2
SIUSPHYP1 Practical I 2
Total= 06
Semester II
SIUSPHY21 Mathematical Physics& Classical Mechanics 2
SIUSPHY22 Electricity and Electronics 2
SIUSPHYP2 Practical II 2
Total=06
SCHEME OF EXAMINATION:

(i) Theory:
(A) Internal Examination: 40 marks

No. Particulars Marks

One Class Test/online examination to be:
1. 20
conducted in the given semester
One assignment based on the curriculum:
2. to be assessed by the teacher concerned 10
Active Participation in routine class
3. 10
instructional deliveries

(B) Semester End Examination: 60 marks

Each theory paper shall be of two hour duration. Each paper shall consist of FOUR
questions. All questions are compulsory and will have internal option.
Q –1 is from Unit - I
Q – 2 is from Unit - II
Q – 3 is from Unit - III
Q -4 will consist of questions from all the THREE units with equal weightage of marks
allotted to each unit.

ii)Practicals:
There will not be any internal examination for practical. The SEMESTER END
examination per practical course will be conducted as per the following scheme

No Particulars Marks
1. Laboratory Work 80
2. Journal 10
3. Viva 10
TOTAL 100

A candidate will be allowed to appear for the practical examination only if the candidate
submits a certified journal of FYBSc Physics or a certificate from the Head of the Department to
the effect that the candidate has completed the practical course of F.Y.B.Sc Physics as per the
minimum requirements.
 SEMESTER-I

CourseCode Title Credits

SIUSPHY11 Classical Mechanics, Optics & Thermodynamics 2

Learning Outcomes:
On successful completion of this course students will be able to:
1. Understand Newton's laws and apply them in calculations of the motion of simple
systems.
2. Use the free body diagrams to analyzetheforces on the object.
3. Understand the concepts of friction and the concepts of elasticity, fluid mechanics and
will be able to perform calculations using them.
4. Understand the concepts of lens system and interference.
5. Apply the laws of thermodynamics to formulate the relations necessary toanalyze
athermodynamic process.
6. Demonstrate quantitative problem solving skills in all the topics covered.

UNITI: Newton’s Laws, Elasticity & Fluid Dynamics 15lectures

1. Newton’s Laws:Newton’s first, second and third laws of motion, interpretation and
applications, pseudo forces, Inertial and non-inertial frames of reference.Worked out examples
(with friction present)
2. Elasticity: Review of Elastic constants Y, K, η and σ.Equivalence of shear strain to
compression and extension strains. Relations between elastic constants, Couple per unit twist
in cylinder.
3. Fluid Dynamics:Equation of continuity, Bernoulli’s equation, applications of Bernoulli’s
equation, streamline and turbulent flow, lines of flow in airfoil, Poiseuille’s equation.

UNITII: Ray Optics 15lectures

1. Lens Maker's Formula (Review), Newton’s lens equation,magnification-lateral, longitudinal
and angular.
2. Equivalent focal length of two thin lenses, thick lens, cardinal points of thick lens,
Ramsdenand Huygens eyepiece.
3. Aberration: Spherical Aberration, Reduction of Spherical Aberration, Chromatic aberration
and condition for achromatic aberration.
4. Interference: Interference in thin films, Fringes in Wedge shaped films, Newton’s Rings
(Reflective).

UNIT III: Thermodynamics 15 lectures

1. Behavior of real gases and real gas equation, Van der Waal equation
2. Thermodynamic Systems, Zeroth law of thermodynamics, Concept of Heat, The first law, Non
Adiabatic process and Heat as a path function, Internal energy, Heat Capacity and specific
heat, Applications of first law to simple processes, general relations from the first law,
 Indicator diagrams, Work done during isothermal and adiabatic processes, Worked examples,
Problems.

Note:Agoodnumberofnumericalexamplesareexpectedtobecoveredduringthe prescribed
lectures.

References:

1. Halliday, Resnick and Walker, Fundamental of Physics (extended) – (6th Ed.), John Wiley
and Sons.
2. H. C. Verma, Concepts of Physics – (Part–I), 2002 Ed. BharatiBhavan Publishers.
3. Brijlal,Subramanyam andAvadhanulu A Textbook of Optics, 25th revised ed.(2012) S.
Chand
4. Brijlal, Subramanyam and Hemne, Heat, Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics, S
Chand, Revised, Multi-coloured, 2007 Ed.
5. Jenkins and White, Fundamentals of Optics by (4th Ed.), McGraw Hill International.

Additional References:

1. Thornton and Marion, Classical Dynamics – (5th Ed)

2. D S Mathur, Element of Properties of Matter, S Chand & Co.
3. R Murugeshan and K Shivprasath, Properties of Matter and Acoustics S Chand.
4. M W Zemansky and R H Dittman, Heat and Thermodynamics, McGraw Hill.
5. D K Chakrabarti, Theory and Experiments on Thermal Physics, (2006 Ed) Central books.
6. C L Arora, Optics, S Chand.
7. Hans and Puri, Mechanics, 2nd Ed. Tata McGraw Hill
 SEMESTER-I

CourseCode Title Credits

SIUSPHY12 Nuclear Physics& Introduction to Quantum Mechanics 2

Learning Outcomes:
After successful completion of this course students will be able to
1. Understand nuclear properties and nuclear behaviour.
2. Understand the type isotopes and their applications.
3. Demonstrate and understand the quantum mechanical concepts.
4. Demonstrate quantitative problem solving skills in all the topics covered.

UNIT I: Nuclear Physics 15lectures

1. Structure of Nuclei:Basic properties of nuclei, Composition, Charge, Size, Rutherford's
experiment for estimation of nuclear size, density of nucleus, Mass defect and Binding
energy, Packing fraction, BE/A vs A plot, stability of nuclei (N vs Z plot) and problems.
2. Radioactivity: Radioactive disintegration, concept of natural and artificial radioactivity,
Properties of α, β, γ-rays, laws of radioactive decay, half-life, mean life (derivation not
required), units of radioactivity, successive disintegration and equilibriums, radioisotopes.
Numerical Problems.
3. Carbon dating and other applications of radioactive isotopes (Agricultural, Medical, Industrial,
Archaeological -information from internet).

UNIT II: Nuclear Detectors & Reactions 15 lectures

1. Interaction between particles and matter, Ionization chamber, Proportional counter and GM
counter, Numerical problems.
2. Nuclear Reactions: Types of Reactions and Conservation Laws. Concept of Compound and
Direct Reaction, Q value equation and solution of the Q equation, problems.Fusion and fission
definitions and qualitative discussion with examples.

Unit III: Introduction to Quantum Mechanics 15 lectures

1. Origin of Quantum theory, Black body (definition), Wien's displacement law, Matter waves,
wave particle duality, Heisenberg’s uncertainty Principle.Davisson-Germer experiment, G. P.
Thompson experiment.
2. X-Ray production and properties. Continuous and characteristic X-Ray spectra, X-Ray
Diffraction, Bragg’s Law, Applications of X-Rays.
3. Compton Effect, Pair production, Photons and Gravity, Gravitational Red Shift.

Note: Agoodnumberofnumericalexamplesareexpectedtobecoveredduringthe prescribed

lectures
 References:

1. SBP: Dr. S. B. Patel, Nuclear Physics Reprint 2009, New Age International
2. Arthur Beiser, Perspectives ofModernPhysics : Tata McGraw Hill
3. BSS: N Subrahmanyam, Brijlal and Seshan, Atomic and Nuclear Physics Revised Ed.
Reprint 2012, S. Chand
4. Kaplan: Nuclear Physics, Irving Kaplan, 2nd Ed. Narosa Publishing House

Additional References:

1 S N Ghosal, Atomic Physics S Chand

2 S N Ghosal, Nuclear Physics 2nd ed. S Chand
 SEMESTER-I

CourseCode Title Credits

SIUSPHYP1 Practical I 2

Leaning Outcome:
On successful completion of this course students will be able to:
1. To demonstrate their practical skills.
2. To understand and practice the skills while doing physics practical.
3. To understand the use of apparatus and their use without fear.
4. To correlate their physics theory concepts through practical.
5. Understand the concepts of errors and their estimation.

A. R egularexperiments:
P APER 1

1. Y by vibrations: To determine Young's Modulus of a material by method of vibrations

2. Torsional Oscillation: To determine modulus of rigidity η of material of wire by torsional
oscillations
3. Frequency of AC mains
4. To study Thermistor characteristic Resistance vs Temperature
5. Bifilar Pendulum
6. Constant volume air thermometer
7. Capillary rise: Finding surface tension/Finding ratio of radii of capillary tubes

P APER 2

1. Spectrometer: To determine angle of Prism.

2. Combination of Lenses: To determine equivalent focal length of a lens system by
magnification method.
3. Moment of inertia of a Flywheel
4. LDR Characteristics
5. Newton’s Rings: To determine radius of curvature of a given convex lens using Newton's
rings.
6. J by Electrical Method: To determine mechanical equivalent of heat
7. To determine Coefficient of Viscosity (η) of a given liquid by Poiseulle’s Method
 B. S kill/Demo Experiments (Any Four):

1. Use of Verniercalipers, Micrometer Screw Gauge, Travelling Microscope

2. Graph Plotting : Experimental, Straight Line with intercept, Resonance Curve etc.
3. Spectrometer: Optical leveling
4. Use of DMM
5. Absolute and relative errors calculation.
6. Laser Beam Divergence

Minimum 8experimentsfrom the listshouldbecompletedinthe first semester. Any four

skill/demo experimentsaretobereportedinjournal. Certifiedjournalis a must
tobeeligibletoappearforthe semester endpractical.

Theschemeofexaminationfortherevisedcoursein Physicsat theFirstYearB.Sc.Semester

endexaminationwillbeasfollows.

SemesterEnd Practical Examination:

There will be no internal assessment for practical.
Acandidatewillbeallowedtoappearforthesemester end practical
examinationonlyifthecandidatesubmits acertified journalatthetimeofpracticalexaminationofthe
semesteroracertificatefrom theHeadoftheDepartment /Institute totheeffectthat thecandidate
hascompleted the practicalcourseofthatsemesterofF.Y.B.Sc.Physicsaspertheminimumrequirement.
The duration of the practical examination will be two hours per experiment. There will be two
experiments through which the candidate will be examined in practical. The questions on slips for
the same should be framed in such a way that candidate will be able to complete the task and
should be evaluated for his/her skill and understanding of physics.
 SEMESTER II

CourseCode Title Credits

Mathematical Physics & Classical Mechanics
SIUSPHY21 2

Learning Outcomes:
On successful completion of this course students will be able to:
1. Understand the basic mathematical concepts and applications of them in physical
situations.
2. Demonstrate quantitative problem solving skills in all the topics covered.

UNIT I: Vector Algebra & Vector Derivatives 15 Lectures

1. Vector Algebra: Vectors, Scalars, Vector algebra, Laws of Vector algebra, Unit vector,
Rectangular unit vectors, Components of a vector, Scalar fields, Vector fields, Problems
based on Vector algebra.Dot or Scalar product, Cross or Vector product, Commutative and
Distributive Laws, Scalar Triple product, Vector Triple product (Omit proofs). Problems and
applications based on Dot, Cross and Triple products.
2. Gradient, divergence and curl:The ∇ operator, Definitions and physical significance of
Gradient, Divergence and Curl; Distributive Laws for Gradient, Divergence and Curl (Omit
proofs); Problems based on Gradient, Divergence and Curl.

UNITII: Differential Equations and its Applications 15 Lectures

1. Differential equations: Introduction, Ordinary differential equations, First order homogeneous
and non- homogeneous equations with variable coefficients, exact differentials, General first
order Linear Differential Equation, Second-order homogeneous equations with constant
coefficients. Problems depicting physical situations like LC and LR circuits, Simple
Harmonic motion (spring mass system).
2. Transient response of circuits: Series LR, CR, LCR circuits. Growth and decay of
currents/charge.

UNIT III: Waves and Vibrations 15 Lectures

1. Superposition of Collinear Harmonic oscillations: Linearity and Superposition Principle.
Superposition of two collinear oscillations having (1) equal frequencies and (2) different
frequencies (Beats).
2. Superposition of two perpendicular Harmonic Oscillations: Graphical and Analytical
Methods. Lissajous Figures with equal an unequal frequency and their uses
3. Wave Motion: Transverse waves on string, Travelling and standing waves on a string.
Normal modes of a string, Group velocity, Phase velocity, Plane waves, Spherical waves,
Wave intensity.
 Note: Agoodnumberofnumericalexamplesareexpectedtobecoveredduringthe prescribed
lectures

References:

1. MS:Murray R Spiegel, Schaum’s outline of Theory and problems of Vector Analysis, Asian
Student Edition
2. CH: Charlie Harper, Introduction to Mathematical Physics, 2009 (EEE) PHI Learning Pvt.
Ltd.
3. CR: D. Chattopadhyay, P C Rakshit , Electricity and Magnetism 7th Ed. New Central Book
agency.
4. Waves: Berkeley Physics Course, vol. 3, Francis Crawford, 2007, Tata McGraw-Hill.
5. The Physics of Vibrations and Waves, H. J. Pain, 2013, John Wiley and Sons.
6. The Physics of Waves and Oscillations, N.K. Bajaj, 1998, Tata McGraw Hill.

Additional References:

1. BrijLal,N. Subrahmanyam , JivanSeshan, Mechanics and Electrodynamics, , (S. Chand)

(Revised & Enlarged ED. 2005)
2. A K Ghatak, Chua, Mathematical Physics, 1995, Macmillan India Ltd.
3. Ken Riley, MichaelHobsonand StephenBence, Mathematical Methods for Physics and
Engineering, Cambridge (Indian edition).
4. H. K. Dass, Mathematical Physics, S. Chand & Co.
5. Jon Mathews & R. L. Walker, Mathematical Methods of Physics: W A Benjamin Inc.
 SEMESTER II

CourseCode Title Credits

SIUSPHY22 Electricity and Electronics 2

UNITI: AC Circuits : 15 lectures

1. Alternating current theory:(Concept of L, R, and C: Review)AC circuit containing pure R,
pure L and pure C, representation of sinusoids by complex numbers, Series LR, CR and LCR
circuits. Resonance in LCR circuit (both series and parallel), Power in ac circuit. Q-factor.
2. AC bridges: General AC bridge, Maxwell,de-Sauty, Wien Bridge, Hay Bridge.

UNIT II: Electronics 15 lectures

1. Circuit theorems: (Review: Ohm’s law, Kirchhoff’slaws)Superposition Theorem, Thevenin’s
Theorem, Ideal Current Sources, Norton’s Theorem, Reciprocity Theorem, Maximum Power
Transfer Theorem.Numericals related to circuit analysis using the above theorems.
2. DC power supply: Half wave rectifier, Full wave rectifier, Bridge rectifier, PIVand Ripple
factor of full wave rectifier, Clipper and Clampers(Basic circuits only), Capacitor Filter.Zener
diode as voltage stabilizer.
3. Digital electronics: Logic gates(Review), NAND and NOR as universal building blocks.
EXOR gate: logic expression, logic symbol, truth table, Implementation using basic gates and
its applications, Boolean algebra, Boolean theorems. De-Morgan theorems, Half adder and
Full adder

UNIT III: Electrostatics and Magnetostatics 15 lectures

1. The Electric Field: Introduction, Coulomb’s Law, The Electric Field, Continuous charge
Distribution, Electric Potential, Introduction to Potential, Comments on Potential, The
Potential of a Localized Charge Distribution
2. Work and Energy in Electrostatics: The Work done to Move a charge, The Energy ofa Point
Charge Distribution
3. Magnetostatics: Magnetic Fields
4. TheBiot-Savart’s Law: Steady Currents,Magnetic Field of a Steady Current, Helmholtz coil
and solenoid.

Note: Agoodnumberofnumericalexamplesareexpectedtobecoveredduringthe prescribed

lectures
References:

1. CR: D. Chattopadhyay, P C Rakshit , Electricity and Magnetism 7th Ed. New Central Book
agency.
2. TT:B.L. Theraja and A.K. Theraja , A Textbook of Electrical Technology Vol. I , S. Chand
Publication
3. BN:Boylestad and Nashelsky, Electronic devices and Circuit Theory: 7th edition, Prentice Hall
of India.
4. VKM: V K Mehta and R Mehta Electronics Principals, MulticolouredRevised 11th Ed.
Reprint in 2012 ,S Chand.
5. David J. Griffiths: Introduction to Electrodynamics, Prentice Hall India (EEE) 3rd Ed.
6. A B Bhattacharya, Electronics Principlesand Applications, Central publisher.
7. A P Malvino, Digital Principles and Applications: Tata McGraw Hill
8. Tokhiem, Digital electronics, 4thed, McGraw Hill International Edition.
 SEMESTER II

CourseCode Title Credits

SIUSPHYP2 Practical II 2

Leaning Outcome:
On successful completion of this course students will be able to:
i) To understand and practice the skills while doing physics practical.
ii) To understand the use of apparatus and their use without fear.
iii) To correlate their physics theory concepts through practical.
iv) Understand the concepts of errors and their estimation.

A. R egular experiments:
P APER 1
1. To verify De Morgan’s Theorems
2. Square Wave generator using gates
3. To study load regulation of a Bridge Rectifier
4. To study NAND and NOR gates as Universal Building Blocks
5. Transistor Characteristics: CE mode
6. To study Zener Diode as Regulator
7. Verification of Boolien algebra using basic gates

P APER 2
1. LR Circuit: To determine the value of given inductance and phase angle
2. CR Circuit: To determine value of given capacitor and Phase angle
3. Energy consumption in an electrical circuit
4. LCR series Resonance: To determine resonance frequency of LCR series circuit.
5. Thevenin’s Theorem: To verify Thevenin's theorem for DC circuits
6. Norton’s Theorem: To verify Norton's Theorem for DC circuits
7. Spectrometer: Determination of Refractive Index of material of prism

B) Skill/Demo Experiments (Any Four):

1. Charging and discharging of a capacitor
2. Use of Oscilloscope
3. Lissajous Figure
4. Phase shift measurement of an AC circuit
5. Diffraction by single slit
6. Transistor as switch
Minimum 8experimentsfrom the listshouldbecompletedinthesecondsemester. Any
fourskill/demo experimentsaretobereportedinjournal.Certifiedjournalis
musttobeeligibletoappearforthe semester endpractical.

Theschemeofexaminationfortherevisedcoursein Physicsat
theFirstYearB.Sc.Semesterendexaminationwillbeasfollows.

SemesterEnd Practical Examination:

There will be no internal assessment for practical.
A candidate will be allowed to appear for the semester end practical examination only if the
candidate submits a certified journal at the time of practical examination of the semester or a
certificate from the Head of the Department /Institute to the effect that the candidate has
completed the practical course of that semester of F.Y.B.Sc. Physics as per the minimum
requirement. The duration of the practical examination will be two hours per experiment. There
will be two experiments through which the candidate will be examined in practical. The questions
on slips for the same should be framed in such a way that candidate will be able to complete the
task and should be evaluated for his/her skill and understanding of physics.

************************
 SIES COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCE AND
COMMERCE
(Autonomous)
Affiliated to

UNIVERSITY OFMUMBAI

Syllabus for
SEM III& IV

Program: S.Y. B.Sc.

Course: Physics

(Credit Based Semester and Grading System with effect from the
academic year 2018–2019)

1
Title: Syllabus for the B.Sc. Course in Physics(fromacademic year 2018-19) for Semester III &
IV

Course Code:SIUSPHY3

P reamble:

This is a revised part of the undergraduate programme (Six Semesters) in Physics, to be taught in
Semester III & IV from the academic year 2018-19 onwards.
Developing Curriculum that is progressive and purposeful to create positive improvement in the
education system is the logic behind this revision.
Across the Six courses in Semesters 3 and 4, Fivecourses are devoted to core Physics, catering to
Mechanics, Mathematical Physics, Optics,Electronics& communication,Thermodynamicsand
Quantum Mechanics. These have been tailored to fit in with the existing FYBSc syllabus (SEM I
and SEM II) in terms of continuity and to ensure delivery of quality content to the learner.
One paper of applied science is included in the fourth semester.
The 'practical' component in the applied course will be seen as a combination of laboratory
sessions , a visit to a Research Institute/Industry, mini project, an assignment on a relevant topic
etc.
For the various units, experts will guide as 'Resource Persons' and their laboratories/
departments could serve as Resource Centers. Faculty members/Teachers can avail of their
expertise to train themselves in the delivery of these courses whenever required.

Objective:
Upon completion of the course, students should have acquired the following knowledge and
skills:

1. A thorough quantitative and conceptual understanding of the core areas of physics,

including mechanics, , thermodynamics, quantum mechanics, electronics at a level
compatible with graduate programs in physics at peer institutions.
2. The ability to analyze and interpret quantitative results, both in the core areas of physics and
interdisciplinary areas.
3. The ability to use contemporary experimental apparatus and analysis tools to acquire,
analyze and interpret scientific data.
4. The ability to apply the principles of physics to solve new and unfamiliar problems.
5. The ability to communicate scientific results effectively in presentations or posters.
Eligibility: Passed Semester I and Semester II;as per rules of passing

2
 Revised Syllabus in Physics (Theory and Practical)

As per credit basedGrading system

Second year B.Sc. 2018-2019

The revised syllabus in Physics as per credit based system (with choice) of theSecond Year
B.Sc.course will be implemented from the academic year 2018-2019.

Objectives:

 To develop analytical abilities towards real world problems

 To familiarize with current and recent scientific and technological developments
 To enrich knowledge through problem solving hands on activities, study visits, projects etc.

Semester Paper Title Credits

III SIUSPHY31 Mathematical physics and 2
Mechanics
III SIUSPHY33 Optics and lasers 2
III SIUSPHY32 Electronics& Communication 2
III SIUSPHYP3 Practical course -3 (Group 3
A,B,C and Skill)
Total 9
IV SIUSPHY41 Thermodynamics 2
IV SIUSPHY42 Quantum Mechanics 2
IV SIUSPHY43 Applied Physics-I 2
IV SIUSPHYP4 Practical course -4 (Group 3
A,B,C and Demo)
Total 9

Scheme of examination:

(i) Theory:

(A) Internal Examination: 40 marks

Sr.No Particulars Marks

1. One Class Test/online examination to be: conducted in the given semester 20
2. One assignment based on the curriculum: to be assessed by the teacher 10
concerned
3. Active Participation in routine class instructional deliveries 10
(B) Semester End Examination: 60 marks
 Each theory paper shall be of two hour duration. Each paper shall consist of FOUR questions.
All questions are compulsory and will have internal option.

Q – 1 is from Unit - I

Q – 2 is from Unit - II

Q - 3 is from Unit - III

Q - 4 will consist of questions from all the THREE units with equal weightage of marks
allotted to each unit.

ii) Practicals:(PAPERI, II&III) There will not be any internal examination for practical.

The SEMESTER END examination per practical course (For Paper I, II) will be conducted as
per the following scheme

Sr.No Particulars Marks

1. Laboratory Work 80
2. Journal 10
3. Viva 10
TOTAL 100

A candidate will be allowed to appear for the practical examination only if the candidate
submits a certified journal of SYBSc Physics or a certificate from the Head of the
Department to the effect that the candidate has completed the practical course of S Y BSc
Physics as per the minimum requirements.
 Proposed syllabus of SYBSc(2018-19)

SIUSPHY31: MECHANICS & MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS

Learning Outcomes:
On successful completion of this course, students will be able to:
i) Understand the concepts of mechanics & properties of matter & to apply them to problems.
ii) Comprehend the basic concepts of mechanics& mathematical physics and its applications.
iii) Demonstrate tentative problem solving skills in all above areas.

UNIT – I: Vector Calculus: 15Lectures

1 Line, Surface and Volume Integrals, The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, The Fundamental
Theorem of Gradient, The Fundamental Theorem of Divergence, The Fundamental Theorem
of Curl (Statement and Geometrical interpretation is included, Proof of these theorems are
omitted). Problems based on these theorems are required to be done.

2 Curvilinear Coordinates: Cylindrical Coordinates, Spherical Coordinates

3 Dirac delta function

UNIT – II: Mechanics 15 Lectures

1 Compound Pendulum: Expression for period, maximum and minimum time period, centers of
suspension and oscillation, reversible compound pendulum. Kater’s reversible pendulum,
compound pendulum and simple pendulum- a relative study.

2 Oscillations, The Simple Harmonic Oscillator, Relation between Simple Harmonic Motion and
Uniform Circular Motion, Two Body Oscillations,
Damped Harmonic Motion, Forced Oscillations and Resonance.

UNIT– III: Mechanics of System of particles 15 Lectures

1 Center of Mass , Motion of the Center of Mass , Linear momentum of a Particle

Linear momentum of a System of Particles , Linear momentum w.r.t. CM coordinate (i.e. shift
of origin from Lab to CM), Conservation of Linear Momentum , Some Applications of the
Momentum Principle , System of Variable Mass
Torque Acting on a Particle; Angular Momentum of a Particle; Angular Momentum of System
of Particles;Total angular momentum w.r.t. CM coordinate. Conservation of Angular
Momentum

2 Collisions: Introduction, types of collisions, laboratory and centre of mass systems,

relationship between displacements and velocities, relationship between angles.
References:
Resnick and Halliday: Physics – I

Introduction to Electrodynamics (3rd Ed), David Griffiths

Mechanics – H. S. Hans and S. P. Puri, Tata McGraw Hill (2ndED.)

Additional reference:
1. KRS: Mechanics by K.R Symon.
2. Classical Dynamics of particles and systems by Thornton and Marian, (CENGAGE
Learning)
3. Mechanics and Electrodynamics Rev Edn. 2005 by Brijlal and
Subramanyanand JeevanSeshan.

SIUSPHY32:ELECTRONICS &COMMUNICATION

Learning Outcomes:On successful completion of this course students will be able to:
1) Understand the basics of transistor biasing, op-amp and their applications.
2) Understand the basic concepts of oscillator.
3) Understanding working of digital circuits.

UNIT I: Analog Electronics 1 15 Lectures

1 Transistor Biasing, Inherent Variations of Transistor Parameters, Stabilization, Essentials

of a Transistor Biasing Circuit, Stability Factor, Methods of Transistor Biasing, Base
Resistor Method, Emitter Bias Circuit, Circuit analysis of Emitter Bias, Biasing with
Collector Feedback Resistor, Voltage Divider Bias Method, Stability factor for Potential
Divider Bias.
2 General amplifier characteristics: Concept of amplification, amplifier notations, current
gain, Voltage gain, power gain, input resistance, output resistance, general theory of
feedback, reasons for negative feedback, loop gain.
3 Practical circuit of transistor amplifier, phase reversal, frequency response, Decibel gain
and Band width.

UNIT II: Analog Electronics2 15 Lectures

1 Oscillators: Introduction, effect of positive feedback. Requirements for oscillations, phase

shift oscillator, Wien Bridge Oscillator, Colpitt’s oscillator, Hartley oscillator.( All
oscillator mentioned transistorized)
2 Operational Amplifiers: Introduction, Schematic symbol of OPAMP, Output voltage from
 OPAMP, AC analysis, Bandwidth of an OPAMP, Slew rate, Frequency Response of an
OPAMP, OPAMP with Negative feedback, Inverting Amplifier, Non-Inverting Amplifier,
Voltage Follower, Summing Amplifier, Applications of Summing amplifier, OPAMP
Integrator and Differentiator, Critical frequency of Integrator, Comparator
UNIT III: Digital Electronics: 15 Lectures

Background knowledge (devote one lecture at commencement):

1 Binary number system , Arithmetic building blocks , Types of registers

2 Digital IC signal levels, Binary to Decimal, Decimal to binary, hexadecimal number,
Hexadecimal to decimal Conversion, Decimal to hexadecimal conversion, Hexadecimal to
binary conversion, Binary to hexadecimal conversion, Binary addition.
3 RS Flip-Flops (only NOR gate latch, NAND gate latch) , Gated Flip-Flops, Edge-
Triggered RS Flip-Flop, Edge- Triggered D Flip-Flop
4 OPAMP Astable multivibrator, Monostable multivibrator and OPAMP Schmitt trigger.
5 Basics of Communication
6 Block diagram of communication system, types of communication system: simplex,
duplex, analog and digital communication,
7 Electromagnetic spectrum, base band and broad band communication.
8 Noise: Concept and types signal to noise ratio, noise figure, noise temperature.

References:

Principles of Electronics – V. K. Mehta and Rohit Mehta, (S. Chand – Multicolored illustrative
edition)

Electronic devices and circuits – An introduction Allan Mottershead (PHI Pvt. Ltd.– EEE –
Reprint – 2013)

SIUSPHY33: OPTICS& LASERS

L earning Outcomes:

On successful completion of this course students will be able to:

1) Understand the basic concepts of optics and its applications in physical situations.
2) Understand the basic laws of optics and be able to perform calculations using them.
3) Demonstrate quantitative problem solving skill in all the topics covered.
UNIT I: Diffraction 15 Lectures
1 Review: Introduction, Huygens’s - Fresnel theory, Distinction between interference and
diffraction, Fresnel and Fraunhoffer types of diffraction.
2 Fresnel’s Diffraction: Fresnel’s assumptions, Rectilinear propagation (Half period zones)
of light, Diffraction pattern due to straight edge, Positions of maxima and minima in
intensity, Intensity at a point inside the geometrical shadow(straight edge), Diffraction due
to a narrow slit, Diffraction due to a narrow wire
3 Fraunhoffer Diffraction : Introduction, Fraunhoffer diffraction at a single slit, Intensity
distribution in diffraction pattern due to a single slit, Fraunhoffer diffraction at a double
slit,Distinction between single slit and double slit diffraction pattern and missing orders,
Plane diffraction Grating, Theory of plane transmission grating, Width of principal
maxima.

UNITII: Polarization 15 Lectures

1 Review: Introduction of Polarization, Natural light is unpolarized, unpolarized and
polarized light, Brewster’s law, and Polaroid sheets
2 Polarization: Types of polarization, Plane polarized light, Circularly polarized light,
Elliptically polarized light, Partially polarized light, Production of Plane polarized light,
Polarization by reflection from dielectric surface, Polarization by refraction –pile of
plates, Polarization by scattering, Polarization by selective Absorption, Polarization by
double refraction, Polarizer and Analyzer, Malus’ Law, Anisotropic crystal, Calcite
crystal, Optic Axis, Double refraction in calcite crystal, Huygens' explanation of double
refraction, Ordinary and Extra ordinary rays, Positive and Negative crystals, Superposition
of waves linearly polarized at right angles,Superposition of e-Ray and o-Ray, Retarders,
Quarter wave plate, Half wave plate, Production of linearly polarized light, Production of
elliptically polarized light, Production of circularly polarized light, Analysis of polarized
light, Applications of polarized light.

UNITIII: Resolving Power and Lasers 15 Lectures

1 Resolving Power: Introduction, Raleigh’s criterion, resolving power of optical

instruments, criterion for resolution according to Lord Rayleigh’s; Resolving power of
telescope, resolving power of a prism, resolving power of a plane transmission grating.
2 LASER: Introduction, transition between atomic energy states(without derivation),
Principle of LASER, Properties of LASER, Helium –Neon LASER, Ruby LASER,
Applications of LASER to Holography and other applications.

References:
A Text book of Optics by Dr. N Subrahmanyam, Brijlal, Dr M N Avadhaanulu (S Chand, 25th
Revised Edition 2012, Reprint 2013)
Optics by AjoyGhatak
Modern Physics: Concepts and Applications---Sanjeev Puri, Narosa Publications

Additional reference:
Optics by Eugene Hecht and A R Ganesan (Pearson, 4th Edition)
 SIUSPHYP3: Practical course -3

Instructions:

i) All the measurements and readings should be written with proper units in SI system only.
ii) After completing all the required number of experiments in the semester and recording
them in journal, the student will have to get their journal certified and produce the
certified journal at the time of practical examination.
iii) While evaluating practical, weightage should be given to circuit/ray diagram,
observations, tabular representation, experimental skills and procedure, graph, calculation
and result.
iv) Skill of doing the experiment and understanding physics concepts should be more
important than the accuracy of final result.

Learning outcomes:

On successful completion of this course students will be able to:

i) Understand &practice the skills while performing experiments.

ii) Understand the use of apparatus and their use without fear& hesitation.
iii) Correlate the physics theory concepts to practical application.
iv) Understand the concept of errors and their estimation.

Note: Exemption of two experiments from GroupC may be given if student carries out any one
of the following activity.

1) Collect the information of at least five Physicists with their work or any three events on
physics, report that in journal.
2) Execute a mini project to the satisfaction of teacher in-charge of practical.
3) Participate in a study tour or visit & submit a study tour report.

For practical examination in Group A and Group B the learner will be examined in
twoexperiments (one from each group). Each experiment will be of three hours'duration,
Minimum 6 from each group and in all minimum 12 experiments must be reported in journal.
Practical examination in Group C will be based on industrial visit (report and viva) /Project and
presentation. However a learner must perform at least two experiments and report in the journal.
All the skill experiments are required to be completed compulsorily. Students are required to
report all these experiments in the journal. Evaluation in viva voce will be based on regular
experiments and skill experiments.

A learner will be allowed to appear for the semester end practical examination only if he submits
a certified journal of Physics or a certificate that the learner has completed the practical course of
Physics Semester III as per the minimum requirements.
 Group A

1. Y by bending.
2. Helmholtz resonator- determination of unknown frequency.
3. Verification of Stefan’s law (electrical method)
4. Charging and discharging of capacitor.
5. LCR parallel resonance.
6. Figure of merit of a mirror galvanometer.
7. Determination of absolute capacitance using BG
8. Measurement of resistance of galvanometer (G by shunting)
9. R.P of telescope.
10. Biprism

Group B

1. Passive low pass filter.

2. Passive high pass filter.
3. Passive band pass filter.
4. OPAMP: Inverting amplifier with different gains
5. OPAMP: Non-inverting amplifier with different gains and voltage follower
6. CE amplifier: variation of gain with load
7. Phase shift oscillator
8. Transistor Wien bridge oscillator
9. Transistor Colpitt’s oscillator
10. Passive differentiator

Group C

1. Laser experiments: straight edge, single slit, grating

2. Optical fibre: transmission of signal
3. Concept of beats
4. Coupled oscillations and resonance
5. Synthesis of materials - mini project - thin film/nano materials/bulk powders using different
routes etc.(equivalent to 2 practical sessions)
6. Visit to research institutes (equivalent to 2 practical sessions).
7. Assignment & literature survey (equivalent to 2 practical sessions).

Skill experiments

1. Soldering technique
2. Wiring of a simple circuit using bread board
3. Use of oscilloscope
4. Travelling microscope (radius of capillary)
5. Spectrometer: mean μ of yellow doublet of mercury source.
6. Spectrometer: optical leveling and Shuster’s method
7. Component testing, color code of resistors, capacitors etc.
8. Drawing of graph on semi logarithmic / logarithmic scale.

References:

1) Advanced course in Practical Physics D. Chattopadhya, PC Rakshit& B Saha. (6th Edition)

Book and Allied Pvt.Ltd.
2) B.Sc Practical Physics – Harnam Singh S.Chand& Co. Ld. 2001
3) A test book of advanced practical PHYSICS - SAMIR Kumar Ghosh, New Central Book
Agency (3rd edition)
4) B.Sc. Practical Physics – CL Arora (1st Edition) -2001 S.Chand and Co Ltd.
5) Practical Physics CL Squires (3rd Edition) Cambridge University
6) University Practical Physics – DC Tayal. Himalaya Publication
7) Advanced Practical Physics – Worsnop&Flint.
 SIUSPHY41: THERMODYNAMICS
Learning Outcomes:

On successful completion of this course students will be able to:

1) Understand the basicconcepts of thermodynamics, engines and their analysis and to

understand its importance in explaining significant phenomena in Physics.

2) Demonstrate quantitative problem solving skills in all the topics covered.

UNIT –I 15 Lectures

(Review of zeroth and first law of thermodynamics)

I Reversible and irreversible process, heat engines, Conversion of heat into work, Carnot’s
cycle: its efficiency.Carnot engine as refrigerator, Coefficient of performance.

II Steam engine, Rankine cycle, Otto engine, Efficiency of Otto cycle, Diesel cycle, Efficiency of
Diesel cycle, Otto and Diesel comparison

UNIT –II 15 Lectures

I Second law of thermodynamics, Statements, Equivalence of Kelvin and Planck’s statement,

Carnot’s theorem, Absolute scale of temperature.
II Clausius theorem, Entropy, Entropy of a cyclic process, Reversible process, Entropy change,
Reversible heat transfer, Principle of increase in entropy, generalized form of first and second
law, entropy change of an ideal gas, entropy of steam, entropy and unavailable energy, entropy
and disorder, absolute entropy.
TS diagram for Carnot engine

UNIT –III 15 Lectures

I Third law of thermodynamics, Nernst heat theorem, Consequences of the third law, Maxwell’s
thermodynamic relations, Clausius – Clapeyron equation, Thermal Expansion.
II Low temp Physics: Different methods of liquefaction of gases, methods of freezing, Cooling
by evaporation, cooling by adiabatic expansion
Joule - Thompson effect, JT effect of Van der Waal’s gas, properties and uses of liquid Helium
References:
1. Heat, Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics, Brijlal, N Subramanyam, S. Hemne S.
Chand, edition 2007
2. Thermal Physics, A. B. Gupta and H. Roy, Book and Allied (P) Ltd, Reprint 2008, 2009.
3. Basic Thermodynamics : Evelyn Guha ( Narosa Publications)
4. A treatise on heat: Meghanad Saha and BN Srivastava, 1969, India Press.

SIUSPHY42: QUANTUM MECHANICS

Learning Outcomes:

On successful completion of this course students will be able to :

3) Understand the postulates of quantum mechanics and to understand its importance in

explaining significant phenomena in Physics.

4) Demonstrate quantitative problem solving skills in all the topics covered.

Background Reading (Review):

Origin of Quantum Mechanics:

1. Review of Black body radiation, b) Review of photoelectric effect.
2. Matter waves-De Broglie hypothesis. Davisson and Germer experiment.
3. Wave particle duality
5. Concept of wave packet, phase velocity, group velocity and relation between them
6. Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle with thought experiment, different forms of uncertainty.

UNIT –I: The Schrodinger wave equation 15Lectures

1. Concept of wave function, Born interpretation of wave function.

2. Concepts of operator in quantum mechanics, examples – position, momentum and energy
operators.
3. Eigenvalue equations, expectation values of operators.
4. Schrodinger equation.
5. Postulates of Quantum Mechanics.
6. Analogy between Wave equation and Schrodinger equation.
7. Time dependent and time independent (Steady State) Schrodinger equation, Stationary State
8. Superposition principle.
9. Probability current density, Equation of continuity and its physical significance.
UNIT-II: Applications of Schrodinger steady state equation-I 15Lectures
1. Free particle.
2. Particle in infinitely deep potential well (one - dimension).
3. Particle in finitely deep potential well (one - dimension).
4. Step potential.
5. Particle in three dimension rigid box, degeneracy of energy state.

UNIT-III: Applications of Schrodinger steady state equation – II 15Lectures

1. Potential barrier (Finite height and width) penetration and tunneling effect (derivation of
approximate transmission probability)
2. Theory of alpha particle decay from radioactive nucleus.

[Note: A good number of numerical examples are expected to be covered during the
prescribed lectures].

Reference Books:
1. Concepts of Modern Physics – A. Beiser (6th Ed.) Tata McGraw Hill.
2. Quantum Mechanics – S P Singh, M K Bagade, Kamal Singh, - S. Chand : 2004 Ed.
3. Quantum Mechanics of Atoms, Molecules, Solids, Nuclei and particles. - By R. Eisberg and
R. Resnik Published by Wiley.
5. Introduction to Quantum Mechanics. - By D. Griffiths Published by Prentice Hall.
6. Quantum Mechanics. - By Ghatak and Lokanathan Published by Mc. Millan.
7. Quantum Mechanics. - By L. I. Schiff.
8. Quantum Mechanics. - By Powell and Crasemann, Addison-Wesley Pub. Co.

SIUSPHY43: APPLIED PHYSICS

Learning Outcomes:
On completion of this, it is expected that

i) Students will be exposed to contextual real life situations.

ii) Students will appreciate the role of Physics in 'interdisciplinary areas related to materials, Bio
Physics, Acoustics etc.
iii) The learner will understand the scope of the subject in Industry & Research.
iv) Experimental learning opportunities will faster creative thinking & a spirit of inquiry.

UNIT1: Acoustics &Ultrasonics 15 Lectures

1 Acoustics of Buildings
Reverberation, Sabine’s formula with derivation, Absorption coefficient, Acoustics of Buildings,
factors affecting Acoustics of Buildings, Sound distribution in an auditorium.
2 Ultrasonics
Piezoelectric effect, Production of Ultrasonic waves: Piezoelectric Crystal Method,
Magnetostriction Method;Detection, Properties and applications of Ultrasonic Waves

References:
Properties of matter and Acoustics – R Murugeshan and K. Shivaprasath, S Chand &Co.Ltd.
(2005-Ed)

UNITII: Biophysics 15 Lectures

Introduction, definition, History & scope of biophysics, biological fluids, physico-chemical

properties, viscosity, surface tension, pH, osmosis, osmotic pressure. Diffusion, Ficks’ laws of
diffusion, dialysis, Cell is unit of life, fundamental understanding prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell
structure and function, eukaryotic cell membrane, Fundamentals of transport process through
biological membrane, membrane channels. electrical properties of cell, Action potential,
propagation of action potential, methods of measurement of action potential, Nernst equation,
Golman equation, The Hodgkin-Huxely model of action potential, voltage clamp technique,
Patch clamp technique, cell impedance and capacitance.

References:

1. Cellular and Molecular Biology: Concept and Experiment by Gerald Karp

2. The Cell: A Molecular Approach by Geoffery Cooper
3. Introductory Biophysics: Perspective on living state by James Claycomb
4. Medical Physiology by Guyton
5. Molecular Biology of Cell by Bruce Albert
6. Text Book of Biophysics by R N Roy

UNITIII: Materials – properties and applications 15 Lectures

1Introduction to Materials
Classification of Materials based on structures (Crystalline and Amorphous, single crystal,
polycrystalline and nanomaterials) and Functionality (Conducting, insulating, superconducting,
reflecting, transmitting etc)
Types of Materials: Metals and alloys, Ceramics, Polymers and Composites, Thin Films,
Nanomaterials; Some Physical and Chemical methods of materials synthesis

2 Properties of materials
Electrical Properties: Review of energy band diagram for materials - conductors,
semiconductors and insulators, Electrical conductivity in metals, semiconductors and insulators
(dielectrics), effect of temperature on conductivity
Optical Properties: Reflection, refraction, absorption and transmission of electromagnetic
radiation in solids.
Magnetic Properties: Origin of magnetism in solids (basic idea), Types of magnetic order
(paramagnetism, diamagnetism, antiferro-magnetism, ferromagnetism, ferrimagnetism),
magnetic hysteresis

3 Applications
Optical materials: LEDs, OLEDs, LCDs, Flat Panel Displays, optical fibersDielectric materials:
Piezoelectric, ferroelectric and pyroelectric materials
Magnetic Materials: Soft magnets (Transformer steels), Hard magnets for permanent magnets,
Magnetic Recording and Storage

References:
1. Electronic Properties of Materials, Rolf E Hummel
2. Materials Science and Engineering: A First Course by V. Raghavan

SIUSPHYP4: Practical course -4

Instructions:

i. All the measurements and readings should be written with proper units in SI system only.
ii. After completing all the required number of experiments in the semester and recording them
in journal, student will have to get their journal certified and produce the certified journal at
the time of practical examination.
iii. While evaluating practical, weightage should be given to circuit/ray diagram, observations,
tabular representation, experimental skills and procedure, graph, calculation and result.
iv. Skill of doing the experiment and understanding physics concepts should be more important
than the accuracy of final result.
Learning Outcomes:

On successful completion of this course students will be able to :

i) Understand &practice the skills while performing experiments.

ii) Understand the use of apparatus and their use without fear & hesitation.
iii) Correlate their physics theory concepts to practical application.
iv) Understand the concept of errors and their estimation.

Note: Exemption of two experiments from GroupC may be given if student carries out any one
of the following activity.

1) Collect the information of at least five Physicists with their work or any three events on
physics, report that in journal.
2) Execute a mini project to the satisfaction of teacher in-charge of practical.
3) Participate in a study tour or visit & submit a study tour report.
For practical examination in Group A and Group B the learner will be examined in two
experiments (one from each group). Each experiment will be of three hours' duration, Minimum
6 from each group and in all minimum 12 experiments must be reported in journal.
Practical examination in Group C will be based on industrial visit (report and viva) /Project and
presentation. However a learner must perform at least two experiments and report in the journal.
All the skill/demo experiments are required to be completed compulsorily. Students are required
to report all these experiments in the journal. Evaluation in viva voce will be based on regular
experiments and skill/demo experiments.

A learner will be allowed to appear for the semester end practical examination only if he submits
a certified journal of Physics or a certificate that the learner has completed the practical course of
Physics Semester IV as per the minimum requirements.

Group A

1. Optical lever: determination of μ

2. Cylindrical obstacle: determination of λ
3. Single slit diffraction using Sodium Lamp
4. Conversion of PMMC to voltmeter
5. R.P. of grating
6. Brewster’s law: determination of μ
7. Bar pendulum
8. Laser beam profile
9. De’ Sauty’s bridge
10. Wedge shaped film

Group B

1. Schmitt Trigger using OPAMP (inverting)

2. Half adder and full adder (7486, 7408)using EXOR Gate
3. Study of MS-JK flip flop
4. Study of RS flip-flop using NAND and NOR gates
5. OPAMP difference amplifier
6. Passive integrator
7. OPAMP Astable multivibrator
8. OPAMP Monostable multivibrator
9. Phase shift oscillator (OPAMP/Transistor)
10. Clipper circuit

Group C

1. Velocity of sound using CRO.

2. Standardization of pH meter & acid-base titration.
3. Determination of Isoelectric point of Amino Acids/protein.
4. Understanding UV visible spectra of protein/Nucleic Acids.
5. Project on a topic (equivalent to 2 practical sessions)
6. Visit to research institutes (equivalent to 2 practical sessions)
7. Assignment & literature survey (equivalent to 2 practical sessions).
8. Plotting and analysis of detector data (from University /research institutions)

Demonstration experiments

1. Error analysis of a given experiment

2. Waveform generator using Op-amp
3. PC simulations: graph, curve fitting etc.
4. Straight edge Fresnel diffraction
5. CE amplifier frequency response
6. Lissajous Figures using CRO

References:
1. Advanced course in Practical Physics D. Chattopadhya, PC Rakshit& B Saha. (6th Edition)
Book and Allied Pvt.Ltd.
2. B.Sc.Practical Physics – Harnam Singh S.Chand& Co. Ld. 2001
3. A test book of Advanced Practical Physics- SAMIR Kumar Ghosh, New Central Book
Agency (3rd edition)
4. B.Sc. Practical Physics – CL Arora (1st Edition) -2001 S.Chand and Co Ltd.
5. Practical Physics CL Squires (3rd Edition) Cambridge University
6. University Practical Physics – DC Tayal. Himalaya Publication
7. Advanced Practical Physics – Worsnop&Flint.
SIES COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCE ANDCOMMERCE
(Autonomous)
Affiliated to
UNIVERSITY OFMUMBAI

Syllabus for
SEM V & VI

Program: T.Y. B.Sc.

Course: Physics

(Credit Based Semester and Grading System with effect from the
academic year 2018–2019)

1
 T.Y.B.Sc. Physics Syllabus: Credit Based Semester and
Grading System
To be implemented from the Academic year 2018-2019
SEMESTER V Theory

COURSE UNIT TOPICS CREDITS L/WEEK

I Mathematical methods in Physics
II Mathematical methods in Physics
SIUSPHY51 III Thermal and Statistical Physics 2.5 4
IV Thermal and Statistical Physics
I Solid State Physics
II Solid State Physics
SIUSPHY52 III Solid State Physics 2.5 4
IV Solid State Physics
I Atomic and Molecular Physics
II Atomic and Molecular Physics
SIUSPHY53 III Atomic and Molecular Physics 2.5 4
IV Atomic and Molecular Physics
I Electrodynamics
II Electrodynamics
SIUSPHY54 III Electrodynamics 2.5 4
IV Electrodynamics
Practicals

Practicals of Course SIUSPHY51 + Course

SIUSPHYP51 3 8
SIUSPHY52
Practicals of Course SIUSPHY53 + Course
SIUSPHYP52 SIUSPHY54 3 8

Scheme of examination:
Theory:
(A) Internal Examination: 40 mark

S.No Particulars Marks

1. One Class Test/online examination to be 20
conducted in the given semester
2. One assignment based on the curriculum 10
to be assessed by the teacher concerned
3. Active Participation in routine class instructional deliveries 10

2
 (B) Semester End Examination: 60 marks
i) Each theory paper shall be of two hour duration.
Each paper shall consist of FIVE questions. All questions are compulsory and will have
internal option.
Q – I is from Unit - I,
Q – II is from Unit - II,
Q - III is from Unit - III,
Q - IV is from Unit - IV
Q - V will consist of questions from all the FOUR units with equal weightage of marks
allotted to each unit.

ii) Practicals: There will not be any internal examination for practical. The semester end
examination per practical course will be conducted as per the following scheme,

Sr. Particulars of External Practical Examination Marks

No.
1 Laboratory Work 80
2 Journal 10
3 Viva 10
Total 100
A candidate will be allowed to appear for the practical examination only if the candidate
submits a certified journal of TYBSc Physics or a certificate from the Head of the Department
to the effect that the candidate has completed the practical course of TYBSc Physics as per
the minimum requirements.

iii) Visits to industry, national research laboratories, and scientific exhibitions should be
encouraged.

SEMESTER V

Theory Course - SIUSPHY51: Mathematical, Thermal and Statistical Physics

UNIT I: Probability 15 lectures

Review of basic concepts: sample space, events, independent events, conditional
probability, probability theorems, permutations and combinations, discrete and
continuous random variables, binomial distribution, joint distributions and covariance,
the normal distribution, the Poisson distribution, statistics and experimental
measurements, Chebyshev’s inequality, law of large numbers, central limit theorem.

UNIT II: Differential Equations and Transforms 15 lectures

1. Second-order nonhomogeneous linear differential equations with constant coefficients:
the method of successive integrations and the method of undetermined coefficients.
 Forced vibrations and resonance. The Laplace transform and its use in the solution of
differential equations.
2. Fourier transforms: Introduction, formal development of the complex Fourier transform,
cosine and sine transforms, the transforms of derivatives (with proofs), solutions of
partial differential equations (wave and heat equation) using Fourier transforms.

UNIT III: Thermal and Statistical Physics 15 lectures

1. Description of a system : Why statistical approach, Particle-states, System-states,
Microstates and Macro states of a system, Equilibrium and Fluctuations, Irreversibility,
The equiprobability postulate, Statistical ensemble, Number of states accessible to a
system, Phase space, Reversible processes.
2. Thermal and Adiabatic Interactions :
Thermal interaction, Canonical distribution, Energy fluctuations, Entropy of a system in
a heat bath, Helmholtz free energy, Adiabatic interaction and enthalpy, General
interaction and the first law of thermodynamics, Infinitesimal general interaction, Gibbs
free energy, Phase transitions.

UNIT IV: Thermal and Statistical Physics 15 lectures

1. Statistical Mechanics :
Phase space, The probability of a distribution, The most probable distribution,
Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics, Molecular speeds.
2. Quantum Statistics :
Bose-Einstein statistics, Black-body radiation, The Rayleigh-Jeans formula, The Planck
radiation formula, Fermi-Dirac statistics, Comparison of results, Transition between
states.

References:
UNIT I:
MB Chapter 15
UNIT II:
CH – Sections 5.2.4, 8.2.1, 8.2.2, 8.2.4
MB – Sections 8.6, 8.8 and 8.9
UNIT III:
LG: 1.1 to 1.11
LG: 2.1, 2.3 to 2.11
UNIT - IV
AB: 15.1 to 15.5
AB: 16.1 to 16.7

References:
1. MB: Mathematical Methods in the Physical sciences:- Mary L. Boas Wiley India3rded.
2. LG: Statistical and Thermal Physics- : S. Lokanathan and R. S. Gambhir. an introduction
(Prentice Hall of India : 2008)
3. AB: Perspectives of Modern Physics: Arthur Beiser. (Mc Graw Hill International )
 Additional References:
1. Mathematical Physics: A K Ghatak, Chua – 1995Macmillian India Ltd.
2. Mathematical Method of Physics: Riley, Hobson and Bence. Cambridge (Indian edition).
3. Mathematical Physics: H. K. Dass, S. Chand & Co.
4. Mathematical Methods of Physics: Jon Mathews & R. L. Walker, W A Benjamin inc.
5. A Treatise on heat:Saha and Srivastava. (Indian press, Allahabad)
6. Fundamentals of Statistical and Thermal Physics (Mc Graw - Hill): F. Reif

SEMESTER V
Theory Course - SIUSPHY52: Solid State Physics

UNITI: Crystal Physics 15 lectures

Lattice points and space lattice, The basis and crystal structure, Unit Cells and
lattice parameters, Primitive Cells, Crystal Systems, Crystal Symmetry, Bravais space
lattices, Metallic crystal structures, relation between the density of crystal material and
lattice constant in a cubic lattice, Directions, Planes, Miller Indices, Important planes in
simple cubic structure, separation between lattice planes in a cubic crystal, Reciprocal
Lattice(Omit Vector-algebraic discussion), X-ray Diffraction

UNIT II: Electrical properties of metals 15 lectures

1. Classical free electron theory of metals, Drawbacks of classical theory, Relaxation time,
Collision time and mean free path
2. Quantum theory of free electrons, Fermi Dirac statistics and electronic distribution in
solids, Density of energy states and Fermi energy, The Fermi distribution function, Heat
capacity of the Electron gas, Mean energy of electron gas at 0 K, Electrical conductivity
from quantum mechanical considerations.
3. Band theory of solids, The Kronig- Penney model (Omit eq. 6.184 to 6.188),
Brillouin zones, Number of wave functions in a band, Motion of electrons in a one-
dimensional periodic potential, Distinction between metals, insulators and intrinsic
semiconductors.

UNIT III: Conduction in Semiconductors 15 lectures

1. Electrons and Holes in an Intrinsic Semiconductor, Conductivity, Carrier
concentrations in an intrinsic semiconductor, Donor and Acceptor impurities, Charge
densities in a semiconductor, Fermi level in extrinsic semiconductors, Diffusion,
Carrier lifetime, The continuity equation, Hall Effect
2. Semiconductor-diode Characteristics : Qualitative theory of the p-n junction, p- n
junction as a diode, Band structure of an open-circuit p-n junction
 UNIT IV: Diode, magnetism and superconductivity 15 lectures
1. The current components in a p-n junction diode, Quantitative theory of p-n diode
currents, The Volt-Ampere characteristics, The temperature dependence of p-n
characteristics, Diode resistance.
2. Magnetic Properties of matter: Diamagnetism and Paramagnetism, The origin of
permanent magnetic dipoles, Diamagnetism and Larmor precession, The static
paramagnetic susceptibility
3. Superconductivity : A survey, Mechanism of Superconductors, Effects of magnetic
field, Critical Currents, The Meissner effect, The penetration depth, Type I and Type II
Superconductors.

References:
UNIT I
SOP: Chapter 4: II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, XIV, XV, XVI, XVIII, XX, XXII, XXV, XXVI
Chapter 6: II, III, IV
UNIT II
SOP: Chapter 6: V, XIV,XV, XVI, XVII, XVIII,XX.
Chapter 6: XXXVII, XXXVIII, XXXIX,XXXX, XXXXI
UNIT III
MH: 4.1 to 4.10 and 5.1, 5.2, 5.3
UNIT IV
MH: 5.4 to 5.8
D: 18.1 to 18.4
SOP: Chapter 8: II, III, IV, VI, VII, XII, XIII

References:
1. SOP: Solid State Physics: S. O. Pillai, New Age International. 6thed.
2. SOP: Modern Physics and Solid State Physics : Problems and solutions New
Age International.
3. MH: Electronic Devices and Circuits: Millman, Halkias & Satyabrata Jit. (3rd Ed.) Tata
McGraw Hill.
4. D: Solid State Physics : A. J. Dekker, Prentice Hall
SEMESTER V
Theory Course - SIUSPHY53: Atomic and Molecular Physics
UNIT-I Harmonic Oscillator and Hydrogen atom 15 Lectures
1. Schrödinger’s equation for Harmonic oscillator, its solution by operator method.
Graphical representation of its energy level and wave functions.
2. Hydrogen atom: Schrödinger’s equation for Hydrogen atom, Separation of variables,
Quantum Numbers: Total quantum number, Orbital quantum number, Magnetic quantum
number. Angular momentum, Electron probability density (Radial part).

UNIT II Electron spin and spin orbit coupling 15 Lectures

1. Electron Spin: The Stern-Gerlach experiment, Pauli’s Exclusion Principle Symmetric and
Antisymmetric wave functions.
2. Spin orbit coupling, Hund’s Rule, Total angular momentum, Vector atom model, L-S and j-
j coupling. Origin of spectral lines, Selection rules.

UNIT III Effect of Magnetic field on atoms 15 Lectures

1. Effect of Magnetic field on atoms, The normal Zeeman effect and its explanation
(Classical and Quantum), The Lande′ g factor, Anomalous Zeeman effect.
2. Paschen-Back effect, Paschen-Back effect of principal series doublet, Selection rules for
Paschen-Back effect.

UNIT IV Molecular Physics 15 lectures

1. Molecular Spectra (Diatomic Molecules): Rotational energy levels, Rotational spectra,
Vibrational energy levels, Vibrational-Rotational spectra.
Electronic Spectra of Diatomic molecules: The Born-Oppenheimer approximation,
Intensity of vibrational-electronic spectra: The Franck-Condon principle.
2. Raman Effect: Quantum Theory of Raman effect, Classical theory of Raman effect, Pure
Rotational Raman spectra: Linear molecules, symmetric top molecules, Asymmetric top
molecules, Vibrational Raman spectra : Raman activity of vibrations.

References:
UNIT – I.
1. M: 5.2, AB: 8.7,
2. AB: 8.7, 9.1 to 9.9.
UNIT - II
1. AB: 10.1, 10.3.
2. AB: 10.2, 10.6, 10.7, 10.8, 10.9, 11.1 and 11.2.
UNIT – III:
1. SA: 9.14, 9.15, 9.16, 9.17.
2. W: 10.7, 10.8, 10.9
UNIT – IV:
1. AB: 14.1, 14.3, 14.5, 14.7 BM: 6.11, 6.1.3.
2. BM: 4.1.1, 4.1.2, 4.2.1, 4.2.2, 4.2.3, 4.3.1.

References:
1. AB: Perspectives of Modern Physics: Arthur Beiser McGraw Hill.
2. SA: Introduction to Atomic & Nuclear Physics: H. Semat & J. R. Albright (5th Ed.)
Chapman& Hal
3. W: Introduction to Atomic Spectra: H. E. White. McGraw Hill.
4. BM: Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy: C. N. Banwell & E. M. McCash (TMH).
(4th Ed.)
5. M: Introduction to Quantum Mechanics: P. T. Mathews (TMH).

SEMESTER V
Theory Course - SIUSPHY54: Electrodynamics

UNIT I: Electrostatics 15 lectures

1. Field lines, Flux and Gauss’ law, The divergence of E, Applications of Gauss’ law, The
curl of E.
Introduction to potential, Comments on potential, Poisson’s equation and Laplace’s
equation, The potential of a localized charge distribution. , Review of conductors
2. First Uniqueness theorem, The classic image problem- Infinite conducting plane and
conducting sphere.

UNIT II: Polarization and Magnetostatics 15 lectures

1. Dielectrics, Induced Dipoles, Alignment of polar molecules, Polarization, Bound charges
and their physical interpretation, Gauss’ law in presence of dielectrics, A deceptive parallel,
Susceptibility, Permittivity, Dielectric constant, Energy in dielectric systems.
2. Straight-line currents, The Divergence and Curl of B, Applications of Ampere’s Law in the
case of a long straight wire and a long solenoid, Comparison of Magneto-statics and
Electrostatics.

UNIT III: Magnetism and Varying Fields 15 lectures

1. Diamagnets, Paramagnets Ferro magnets, Magnetization, Bound currents and their physical
interpretation, Ampere’s law in magnetized materials, Magnetic susceptibility and
permeability.
2. Energy in magnetic fields, Electrodynamics before Maxwell, Maxwell’s correction to
Ampere’s law, Maxwell’s equations, Magnetic charge, Maxwell’s equations in matter,
Boundary conditions.

UNIT IV: Electromagnetic waves 15 lectures

8
1. The continuity equation, Poynting’s theorem, Newton’s third law in electrodynamics.
2. The wave equation for E and B, Monochromatic Plane waves, Energy and momentum in
electromagnetic waves, Propagation in linear media, Reflection and transmission of EM
waves at normal incidence.

References:
UNIT – I
1. DG: 2.2.1 to 2.2.4, 2.3.1 to 2.3.4,(2.5.1 to 2.5.4 for review)
2. DG: 3.1.5, 3.2.1 to 3.2.3. 3.2.4
UNIT - II
1. DG: 4.1.1 to 4.1.4, 4.2.1, 4.2.2, 4.3.1, 4.3.2, 4.4.1, 4.4.3.
2. DG: 5.3.1 to 5.3.4.

UNIT – III
1. DG: 6.1.1, 6.1.4, 6.2.1, 6.2.2, 6.3.1, 6.3.2, 6.4.1.
2. DG: 7.2.4, 7.3.1 to 7.3.6
UNIT - IV
1. DG: 8.1.1, 8.1.2., 8.2.1.
2. DG: 9.2.1 to 9.2.3, 9.3.1 to 9.3.2.

References:
DG: Introduction to Electrodynamics: David J. Griffiths (3rd Ed) Prentice Hall of India.
Additional References:
1. Introduction to Electrodynamics: A. Z. Capria and P. V. Panat. Narosa Publishing House.
2. Engineering Electrodynamics: William Hayt Jr. & John H. Buck (TMH).
3. Electricity and Magnetism: NavinaWadhwani (PHI – 2010).
SEMESTER V
The T. Y. B. Sc. Syllabus integrates the regular practical work with a series of demonstration
and skill experiments. During the teaching and examination of Physics laboratory work,
simple modifications of experimental parameters may be attempted. Attention should be
given to basic skills of experimentation which include:
i) Understanding relevant concepts.
ii) Planning of the experiments.
iii) Layout and adjustments of the equipments.
iv) Recording of observations and plotting of graphs.
v) Calculation of results and estimation of possible errors in the observation of results.
i) Regular Physics Experiments: A minimum of 8 experiments from each of the course are
to be performed and reported in the journal.
ii) Skill Experiments: All the skills are compulsory and must be reported in the journal.
Skills will be tested during the examination through viva or Practicals
The certified journal must contain a minimum of 16 regular experiments (8 from each group),
with all Skills in semester V. A separate index and certificate in journal is must for each
semester course.
There will be two turns of three hours each for the examination of practical courses.

SEMESTER V

Practical Course: SIUSPHYP51

1 Determination of ‘g’ by Kater’s pendulum.

2 Y by Koenig’s method
3 Stefan’s constant σ
4 Thermal conductivity of bad conductor by Lee’s disc
5 Goniometer
6 R.I of liquid using laser
7 Rydberg’s constant
8 Edser’s A pattern/step slit
9 Flat spiral spring: Determination of Young’s Modulus
10 Determination of e/m

Practical Course: SIUSPHYP52

1 Mutual inductance by BG
2 Hysteresis by magnetometer
3 Maxwell’s bridge
4 Energy Band gap of Semi conductor
5 Schmitt Trigger using OPAMP ( Non Inverting )
6 Low pass (first order active filter)
7 Wien bridge oscillator (OPAMP)
8 Counters mod 2,5 10
9 LM-317 as voltage regulator
10 LM 317 as current regulator

Skills:

1 Estimation of errors.
2 Soldering advanced circuit
3 Bread board circuit using IC’s.
4 Optical Leveling of Spectrometer
5 Mounting of Grating for normal incidence
6 Use of electronic balance : radius of small ball bearing
7 Dual trace CRO: Phase shift measurement.
8 BG: C1 /C2 by comparing θ1 / θ2.
References :
1. Advanced course in Practical Physics : D. Chattopadhya, PC. Rakshit & B. Saha (8th
Edition) Book & Allied Pvt. Ltd.
2. BSc Practical Physics: Harnam Singh. S. Chand & Co. Ltd. – 2001.
3. A Text book of Practical Physics : Samir Kumar Ghosh New Central Book Agency (4rd
edition).
4. B Sc. Practical Physics: C. L. Arora (1st Edition ) – 2001 S. Chand & Co. Ltd.
5. Practical Physics: C. L. Squires – ( 3rd Edition) Cambridge University Press.
6. University Practical Physics: D C Tayal. Himalaya Publication.
7. Advanced Practical Physics:Worsnop & Flint.
 T.Y.B.Sc
Physics Syllabus:
Credit Based Semester and Grading System
To be implemented from the Academic year 2018-2019
SEMESTER VI Theory
COURSE UNIT TOPICS CREDITS L/WEEK
I Classical Mechanics
II Classical Mechanics
SIUSPHY61 III Classical Mechanics 2.5 4
IV Nonlinear Mechanics
I Electronics
II Electronics
SIUSPHY62 III Electronics 2.5 4
IV Electronics
I Nuclear Physics
II Nuclear Physics
SIUSPHY63 III Nuclear Physics 2.5 4
IV Nuclear Physics
I Relativity
II Relativity
SIUSPHY64 III Relativity 2.5 4
IV Relativity

Practicals

SIUSPHYP61 Practicals of Course : Group A and Group B 3 8

SIUSPHYP62 Practicals of Course : Group A and Group B 3 8

Scheme of examination:
Theory:

(A) Internal Examination: 40 mark

S. No. Particulars Marks

1. One Class Test/online examination to be 20
conducted in the given semester
2. One assignment based on the curriculum 10
to be assessed by the teacher concerned
3. Active Participation in routine class instructional deliveries 10
 (B) Semester end Examination: 60 marks
i) Each theory paper shall be of two hour duration.
Each paper shall consist of FIVE questions. All questions are compulsory and will have
internal option.
Q – I is from Unit - I
Q – II is from Unit - II
Q - III is from Unit - III
Q - IV is from Unit - IV
Q - V will consist of questions from all the FOUR units with equal weightage of marks
allotted to each unit.

ii) Practicals: There will not be any internal examination for practical. The semester end
examination per practical course will be conducted as per the following scheme,

Sr.No. Particulars of External Practical Examination Marks

1 Laboratory Work 80
2 Journal 10
3 Viva 10
Total 100

A candidate will be allowed to appear for the practical examination only if the candidate
submits a certified journal of TY BSc Physics or a certificate from the Head of theDepartment
to the effect that the candidate has completed the practical course of TY BSc Physics as per
the minimum requirements.

iii) Visits to industry, national research laboratories, and scientific exhibitions should be
encouraged.

SEMESTER VI
Theory Course: SIUSPHY61: Classical Mechanics

UNIT I: Central Force 15 lectures

1. Motion under a central force, The central force inversely proportional to the square of the
distance, Elliptical orbits. The Kepler’s problem. Hyperbolic Orbits : The Rutherford
problem – Scattering cross section.
2. Moving origin of co-ordinates, Rotating co-ordinate systems, Laws of motion on the
rotating earth, Foucault pendulum, Larmor’s theorem (with proof).
UNIT II: Lagrange’s equations 15 lectures
Lagrange’s equations: D’Alembert’s principle, Generalized coordinates, Lagrange’s
equations using D’Alembert’s principle, Examples, Systems subject to constraints,
Examples of systems subject to constraints, Constants of motion and ignorable coordinates.

UNIT III: Fluid Motion and Rigid body rotation 15 lectures

1. Kinematics of moving fluids, Equation of motion for an ideal fluid, Conservation laws for
fluid motion, Steady flow.
2. The rotation of a Rigid body: Motion of a rigid body in space, Euler’s equations of motion
for a rigid body, Euler’s angles, Heavy symmetrical top (without nutation).

UNIT IV: Non Linear Mechanics 15 lectures

Nonlinear mechanics: Qualitative approach to chaos, The anharmonic oscillator, Numerical
solution of Duffing’s equation, Transition to chaos: Bifurcations and strange attractors,
Aspects of chaotic behavior.

References:
UNIT – I
1. KRS: Art. 3.13 to 3.16
2. KRS: Art. 7.1 to 7.5
UNIT – II
1. KRS: Art. 9.1 to 9.6 G:1.4
UNIT - III
1. KRS: Art. 8.6 to 8.9
2. KRS: Art. 11.1, 11.2, 11.4, 11.5, BO: 6.7
UNIT - IV
1. BO: Art. 11.1, 11.3 to 11.5

References:
1. KRS: Mechanics: Keith R. Symon. (Addision Wesely) 3rd Ed.
2. BO: Classical Mechanics- : V. D. Barger and M. G. Olsson. a Modern perspective (Mc
Graw Hill International 1995 Ed.)
3. G: Classical Mechanics: Herbert Goldstein, (Narosa 2nd Ed.)

Additional References:
1. Classical Mechanics: Herbert Goldstein (Narosa 2nd Ed.)
2. An Introduction to Mechanics: Daniel Kleppner & Robert Kolenkow Tata Mc Graw Hill
(Indian Ed. 2007)
3. Chaotic Dynamics- an introduction. : Baker and Gollup.
SEMESTER VI
Theory Course: SIUSPHY62: Electronics

UNIT I: 15 lectures
1. Field effect transistors: JFET: Basic ideas, Drain curve, The transconductance curve,
Biasing in the ohmic region and the active region, Trans- conductance, JFET common
source amplifier, JFET analog switch, multiplexer, voltagecontrolled resistor, Current
sourcing.
2. MOSFET: Depletion and enhancement mode, MOSFET operation and characteristics,
digital switching.
3. Thyristors: SCR – Working, Equivalent circuit, important terms, I-V Characteristics, SCR
as a switch, half wave rectifier and full wave rectifier. TRIAC: Construction, Operation, I-
V Characteristics, Applications.
DIAC: Construction, Operation, Characteristics and applications.

UNIT II: 15 Lectures

1. Regulated DC power supply: Supply characteristics, series voltage regulator, Short circuit
protection (current limit and fold back) Monolithic linear IC voltage Regulators. (LM
78XX, LM 79XX, LM 317).
2. Differential Amplifier using transistor: The Differential Amplifier, DC and AC analysis of
a differential amplifier, Input characteristic-effect of input bias, offset current and input
offset voltage on output, common mode gain, CMRR.
3. Transistor Multivibrators: Astable, Monostable and Bistable Multivibrators, Schmitt
trigger.
UNIT III: 15 Lectures
1. Op Amp Applications: Log amplifier, Instrumentation amplifiers, Voltage controlled
current sources (grounded load), First order Active filters, Astable using OP AMP, square
wave and triangular wave generator using OP AMP, Wien-bridge oscillator using OP
AMP.
2. 555 Timer: Review Block diagram, Monostable and Astable operation Voltage Controlled
Oscillator, Pulse Width modulator, Triggered linear ramp generator.

UNIT –IV: 15 Lectures

1. Logic families: Standard TTL NAND, TTL NOR, Open collector gates, Three state TTL
devices, MOS inverters, CMOS NAND and NOR gates, CMOS characteristics.
2. Applications of JK flip flop: Types of registers, 4-bit shift register (serial in-serial out),
Asynchronous counters, 4-bit up-down counter, MOD-3, MOD-5, Decade counter, Shift
counter.
3. Electronic communication techniques: Radio broadcasting, Transmission and reception,
Modulation, Amplitude modulation(AM), Modulation factor, Analysis of amplitude
modulated wave, Side band frequencies in AM wave, Transistor amplitude modulator,
Power in AM wave, Limitations of AM
References:
Unit -I:
1. MB: Art. 13.1 to 13.9
2. MB: 14.1, 14.2, 14.4, 14.6.
3. VKM: Art. 20.1 to 20.10, 21.1 to 21.6, 21.8, 21.9, 21.10.
UNIT – II:
1. MB: Art 24.1, 24.3, 24.4.
2. MB: Art 17.1 to 17.5.

KVR: Art. 14.5.2.1, 14.5.2.5, 14.5.2.6, 14.5.4.1.

UNIT – III:
1. MB: Art. 20.5, 20.8, 21.4, 22.7, 22.8, 23.2. MH: 16.14.
2. MB: Art. 23.8, 23.9.
UNIT – IV:
1. ML: Art. 6.2, 6.4, 6.6, 6.7, 7.2 to 7.4.
2. ML: Art 10.1, 10.2, 11.1, 11.3 to 11.5, 11.7
3. VKM: Art. 16.1 to 16.11

References:
1. MB: Electronic Principles: A. P. Malvino and D.J. Bates, (7th Ed.) – (TMH).
2. VKM: Principles of Electronics: V. K. Mehta and Rohit Mehta. S. ChandPublications.
(11th Ed.)
3. KVR: Functional Electronics: K .V. Ramanan (TMH).
4. AM: Electronic Devices and Circuits: Allen Mottershed, PHI learning 2013 Ed
5. ML: Digital Principles and Applications: Malvino and Leach (4th Ed)(TMH).
6. MH: Integrated Electronics: Millman and Halkias, Mc Graw Hill International.

SEMESTER VI
Theory Course: SIUSPHY63 Nuclear Physics

UNIT I: Alpha & Beta Decay 15 lectures

1. Alpha Decay: Velocity, energy, and Absorption of alpha particles: Range, Ionization and
stopping power, Nuclear energy levels. Range of alpha particles, alpha particle spectrum,
Fine structure, long range alpha particles, Alpha decay paradox: Barrier penetration
(Gamow’s theory of alpha decay and Geiger-Nuttal law),
2. Beta decay: Introduction, Velocity and energy of beta particles, Energy levels and decay
schemes, Continuous beta ray spectrum-Difficulties encountered to understand it, Pauli’s
neutrino hypothesis, Detection of neutrino, Energetics of beta decay.
UNIT II: Gamma Decay & Nuclear Models 15 lectures
1. Gamma decay: Introduction, Internal conversion, nuclear isomerism, Mossbauer Effect
2 Nuclear Models: Liquid drop model, Weizsacher’s semi-empirical mass formula, Mass
parabolas - Prediction of stability against beta decay for members of an isobaric family,
Stability limits against spontaneous fission.
Shell model(Qualitative) ,Magic numbers in the nucleus

UNIT III: Particle Accelerators & Energy Generation 15 lectures

1. Particle Accelerators: Van de Graaff Generator, Cyclotron, Synchrotron, Betatron and Idea
of Large Hadron Collider
2. Nuclear energy: Introduction, Asymmetric fission - Mass yield, Emission of delayed
neutrons, Nuclear release in fission, Nature of fission fragments, Energy released in the
fission of U235, Fission of lighter nuclei, Fission chain reaction, Neutron cycle in a thermal
nuclear reactor (Four Factor Formula), Nuclear reactors, Natural fusionPossibility of
controlled fusion

UNIT IV: Meson Theory & Elementary Particles 15 lectures

1. Meson theory of Nuclear Force: A qualitative discussion
2. Elementary particles: Introduction, Classification of elementary particles, Particle
Interactions, Conservation laws ( linear &angular momentum ,energy, charge, baryon
number & lepton number),particles and anti particles(Electrons and positrons, Protons and
anti-protons, Neutrons and anti- neutrons, Neutrinos and anti-neutrinos), Photons, Mesons,
Quark model( Qualitative).

References:
UNIT I
1 K: 13. 1, 13.2, 13.5. , P: 4. II. 1, 4. II. 2, 4. II. 3, 1.II.3
2. K: 14.1, 14.7 P: 4. III. 1, 4. III. 2, 4. III. 3, 4. III. 5 G: 5.5.
UNIT II
1. P 4. IV. 1, 4. IV. 3, 4. IV. 4, 9.4.
2. P: 5.1, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5. AB: 11.6-pages (460,461)
UNIT III
1. P: 1.I.4 (i), 1.I.4 (ii), 1.I.4 (iii), 1.I.4 (iv), AB 15.7
2. P: 6.1, 6.3 to 6.9, 9.6, 9.7
UNIT IV
1. P:8.6
2. T: 18.1, 18.2, 18.3, 18.4, 18.5 to 18.9 AB: 13.5
References:
1. AB: Concepts of Modern Physics: Arthur Beiser, Shobhit Mahajan, S Rai Choudhury
(6th Ed.) (TMH).
2. P: Nuclear Physics: S.B. Patel (Wiley Eastern Ltd.).
3. K: Nuclear Physics: Irving Kaplan (2nd Ed.) (Addison Wesley).
4. G: Nuclear Physics: S. N. Ghoshal (S. Chand & Co.)
5. T: Nuclear Physics: D. C. Tayal (Himalayan Publishing House) 5thed.

Additional References
1. Modern Physics: Kenneth Krane (2nd Ed.) John Wiley & Sons.
2. Atomic & Nuclear Physics: A B Gupta & Dipak Ghosh Books & Allied (P) Ltd.
3. Introduction to Elementary Particles: David Griffiths, Second Revised Edition,Wiley- VCH
4. Nuclear Radiation Detectors by S. S. Kapoor and S. N. Ramamootry

SEMESTER VI
Theory Course – SIUSPHY64: Special Theory of Relativity

UNIT I: Special Theory of Relativity & Relativistic Kinematics 15 lectures

1. Experimental background of special theory of relativity and relativistic kinematics :
Galilean transformations, Newtonian relativity, Electromagnetism and Newtonian
relativity. Attempts to locate absolute frame: Michelson- Morley experiment, Attempts to
preserve the concept of a preferred ether frame: Lorentz Fitzgerald contraction and
ether drag hypothesis, Attempt to modify electrodynamics, postulates of the special
theory of relativity.
2. Relativistic Kinematics: Simultaneity, Derivation of Lorentz transformation equations
Some consequences of the Lorentz transformation equations: length contraction, time
dilation and meson experiment, The observer in relativity

UNIT II: Relativistic Kinematics 15 lectures

1. Relativistic Kinematics (continued): The relativistic addition of velocities and acceleration
transformation equations, Aberration and Doppler effect in relativity, The common sense of
special relativity.
2. The Geometric Representation of Space-Time: Space-Time Diagrams, Simultaneity,
Length contraction and Time dilation, The time order and space separation of events, The
twin paradox

UNIT III: Relativistic Dynamics 15 lectures

1. Relativistic Dynamics: Mechanics and Relativity, The need to redefine momentum,
Relativistic momentum, Alternative views of mass in relativity, The relativistic force law
and the dynamics of a single particle, The equivalence of mass and energy, The
transformation properties of momentum, energy and mass.
UNIT IV: Relativity and Electromagnetism 15 Lectures
1. Relativity and Electromagnetism: Introduction, The interdependence of Electric and
Magnetic fields, The Transformation for E and B, The field of a uniformly moving point
charge, Force and fields near a current-carrying wire, Force between moving charges, the
invariance of Maxwell’s equations.
2. The principle of equivalence and general relativity Gravitational red shift.

References:
UNIT I:
RR: 1.1 to 1.6,1.8, 1.9, 2.1, to 2.5
UNIT II:
RR 2.6 to 2.8, Supplementary topics A1,A2,A3, B1 ,B2 , B3
UNIT III:
RR 3.1 to 3.7
UNIT IV:
RR 4.1 to 4.7
Supplementary topic C1, C2, C3, C4

References
1. RR : Introduction to Special Relativity : Robert Resnick (Wiley Student Edition)
2. Special theory of Relativity : A. P. French

SEMESTER VI
The T. Y. B. Sc. Syllabus integrates the regular practical work with a series of demonstration
and skill experiments. During the teaching and examination of Physics laboratory work,
simple modifications of experimental parameters may be attempted. Attention should be
given to basic skills of experimentation which include:
1) Understanding relevant concepts.
2) Planning of the experiments.
3) Layout and adjustments of the equipments.
4) Recording of observations and plotting of graphs.
5) Calculation of results and estimation of possible errors in the observation of results.
i) Regular Physics Experiments: A minimum of 8 experiments from each of the practical
course are to be performed and reported in the journal.
ii) Demo Experiments: The demonstration experiments are to be performed by the teacher in
the laboratory and students should be encouraged to participate and take observation
wherever possible.
Demonstration experiments are designed to bring about interest and excitement in Physics.
Students are required to enter details of these‘demo’ experiments in their journal.
The certified journal must contain a minimum of 16 regular experiments (8 from each
practical course), with minimum 6 demonstration experiments in semester VI. A separate
index and certificate in journal is must for each semester course.
There will be two turns of three hours each for the examination of practical course.

Practical Course – SIUSPHYP61

1 Quincke’s method for surface tension of Mercury

2 Double refraction
3 FET characteristics
4 UJT characteristics
5 UJT as relaxation oscillator
6 SCR characteristics
7 Photodiode characteristics
8 Phototransistor characteristics
9 Diameter of Lycopodium powder
10 Frequency response of Common Source FET Amplifier

Practical Course – SIUSPHPY62

1 M/C using B.G.

2 Transistorized Astable multivibrator
3 Transistorized Bistable multivibrator
4 Transistorized Monostable multivibrator
5 Log amplifier using OPAMP
6 Hall effect
7 555 timer as ramp generator.
8 Diode as a temperature sensor
9 Shift register
10 555 monostable/astable

Demonstration Experiments:
1 Data sheet reading for diodes, Transistor, Op amp and Optoelectronic
devices.
2 Circuit designing – single stage amplifier, Transistor Multivibrator etc.
and testing on breadboard.
3 Equation solver
4 Amplitude Modulation
5 Frequency Modulation
6 Michelson’s interferometer.
7 Iodine absorption spectra.
8 Standing waves in liquid using Ultrasonic waves.
9 PC simulation of 8085.
10 Use of PC / μP to control real world parameters.
11 Seven segment display.
12 GM counter
References:
1. Advanced course in Practical Physics: D. Chattopadhya, PC. Rakshit & B. Saha (8th
Edition) Book & Allied Pvt. Ltd.
2. BSc Practical Physics: Harnam Singh S. Chand & Co. Ltd. – 2001.
3. A Text book of Practical Physics: Samir Kumar Ghosh New Central Book Agency (4rd
edition).
4. B Sc. Practical Physics: C. L. Arora (1st Edition) – 2001S. Chand & Co. Ltd.
5. Practical Physics: C. L. Squires – (3rd Edition) Cambridge University Press.
6. University Practical Physics: D C Tayal. Himalaya Publication.
7. Advanced Practical Physics: Worsnop & Flint.
*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*