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Week 2-lesson 2 Cấu Tạo Từ (Word Formation)

The document discusses word formation in English including: 1. How nouns are formed from verbs, adjectives, other nouns using suffixes like -er, -ion, -ment, -ness, -ity, -th, -dom, -ist, -ism, -ship, -hood. 2. How adjectives are formed using suffixes like -ful, -less, -ly, -ish, -y, -al, -ous, -ic, -able and prefixes like un-, im-, il-, ir-, in-, dis-. 3. How verbs are formed using prefixes like dis-, mis-, out-, over-, re-, under-, en- and suffixes

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81 views3 pages

Week 2-lesson 2 Cấu Tạo Từ (Word Formation)

The document discusses word formation in English including: 1. How nouns are formed from verbs, adjectives, other nouns using suffixes like -er, -ion, -ment, -ness, -ity, -th, -dom, -ist, -ism, -ship, -hood. 2. How adjectives are formed using suffixes like -ful, -less, -ly, -ish, -y, -al, -ous, -ic, -able and prefixes like un-, im-, il-, ir-, in-, dis-. 3. How verbs are formed using prefixes like dis-, mis-, out-, over-, re-, under-, en- and suffixes

Uploaded by

Le Nguyen
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Week 2- lesson 2

CẤU TẠO TỪ (WORD FORMATION)


* PHẦN I: LÝ THUYẾT

A. Cách th nh lập DANH TỪ


Formation NOUNS
Verb + er/ or/ ant Teacher, manager, driver, actor, director, attendant, assistant...................
Verb + ion Action, invention, construction, direction, revolution, decision..................
Verb + ment/ al Development, appointment, refusal, removal, approval......................

thichtienganh.com
Verb + ing Swimming, teaching, jogging, training, building.....................
Adj + ness Kindness, goodness, happiness, sadness, darkness, illness, sickness.................
Adj + ty Safety, loyalty, variety, ability, honesty, cruelty,....................
Adj + th Length, depth, width, truth, warmth, strength......................................
Adj + dom Freedom, wisdom, boredom..............................
Noun + ist/ ian Guitarish, novelish, violinist, musician, physician, historian....................
Noun + ism Patriotism, capitalism, socialism, heroism........................
Noun + ship Friendship, leadership, scholarship, comradeship............................
Noun + hood Childhood, brotherhood, neighbourhood, parenthood.....................
Super/ over/ sub/ sur + Supermarket, superman overexpenditure subway overexpenditure
N
Vị trí củ DANH TỪ
S u tính từ ( dj + N) They are interesting books.
Sau- mạo từ: a /an / the
- từ chỉ định: this, th t, these, those, every, e ch, … He is a student.
- từ chỉ số lượng: many, some, few, little, several... These flowers are beautiful.
- tình từ sở hữu: my, his, her, your, our, their, its… She needs some water.
S u ngoại động từ (V cần O) She buys books.
She meets a lot of people.
Sau giới từ (prep. + N) He talked about the story yesterday.
He is interested in music.
Trước V chia thí (N làm chủ từ) The main has just arrived.
Sau enough (enough + N) I don‘t have enough money to buy that
house.

B. Cách th nh lập TÍNH TỪ


formular Adjectives

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- ful Harmful, useful, successful, hopeful, helpful, peaceful, careful......
- less Childless, odourless, careless, hopeless, harmless, useless..............
- ly Manly, worldly, hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, friendly.......
- like Childlike, godlike, lifelike, ladylike, manlike..............
- ish Childish, boyish, girlish, selfish..............
- y Hearthy, dirty, dusty, snowy, windy, rainy, cloudy, sunny, sandy................
- al Natural, national, industrial, agricultural, cultural, magical................
- ous Dangerous, courageous, poisonous, mountainous................
- ic Artistic, electric, alcoholic, economic............................
- able Enjoyable, reasonable, respectable......................
Un/ im/ il/ ir/in/ dis + Unimportant, impossible, illegal, irregular, disable...........................
adj

Vị trí củ TÍNH TỪ
Trước N (Adj + N) This is an interesting books.
Sau TO BE I am tired.
Sau: become, get, look, feel, taste, smell, seem … It becomes hot.
She feels sad.
S u trạng từ (adv + adj): extremely (cực kỳ), It is extremely cold.
completely (hoàn toàn), really (thực sự), terribly, I‘m terribly sorry.
very, quite, rather, … She is very beautiful.
Sau keep / make) The news made me happy.
Sau too (be + too + adj) That house is too small.
Trước enough (be + dj + enough) The house isn‘t large enough.
Trong cấu trúc: be + so + dj + th t She was so angry that she can‘t speak.
A, an, the, this, th t, his, her, their, my, … + (Adj) My new car is blue.
+ Noun
Trong câu cảm thán:
- How + adj + S + V How beautiful the girl is!
- What + (a / an) + adj + N What an interesting film!

Note: adj-ed adj-ing


Hình thức hiện tại phân từ (-ING): Diễn tả nhận thức của người nói về người/việc gí đó.
Ex: That film is interesting. (Bộ phim đó hay.) (Người xem nhận thấy bộ phim hay.)
Hính thức quá khứ phân từ (-ED): Diễn tả cảm giác của người nói do người/việc gí đó đem lại.
Ex: I am confused about the question. (Tôi bị bối rối về câu hỏi.) (Câu hỏi làm tôi bối rối.)
C. Cách th nh lập ĐỘNG TỪ
formular Verbs
Dis + verb Dislike, disagree, discharge, disappear, disappoint...................
Mis + verb Mislead, misread, misunderstand,..........................
Out + verb Outrun, outlive, outnumber,.............................
Over + verb Overweigh, overpay, overturn, overheat, overcharge.........................
Re + verb Rewrite, reuse, recycle, return, retell, recall,.............................
Under + verb Underdevelop, underdo, underline, undercharge, undersign.....................
En + adj Enable, enrich, enlarge, encourage, endanger...............
ADJ/ noun + en Weaken, sharpen, tighten, loosen, shorten, soften
Adj/ noun + ise/ ize Socialize, memorize, industrialize,sympathise economise..................

C. Cách th nh lập TRẠNG TỪ


Phần lớn: Adj + -ly ---> Adv
Ex: beautifully, carefully, suddenly, carelessly, recently...
Lưu ý: Một số trạng từ đặc biệt cần ghi nhớ:
- good (a) well (adv): giỏi, tốt
- late (a) late / lately (adv): trễ, chậm
- ill (a) ill (adv): xấu, tồi, kém
- fast (a) fast (adv): nhanh
- hard (a) hard (adv): tìch cực, vất vả, chăm chỉ h rdly (
dv): hầu như không Vị trí củ Trạng từ
1. Adv + adj Ex: She is very beautiful.
The weather is extremely hot.
2. Adverbs are placed at the
beginning of the sentence. Ex:
Unfortunately, he failed the
exam.
3. Adverbs are placed
after the verb
modified. Ex: He is
running fast.
4. Adv + Pii Ex: He is well educated.
The wedding day is carefully chosen by groom‘s parents.

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