Scalar & vector

Scalar : A quantity that has a magnitude ONLY

Vector : A quantity that has a magnitude AND a direction .

I distance Find the

- '

:
-
' -
- -

IB
,

g. distance 10m
&
=

! £ } Fmd
> " " "

A displacement displacement
3<-2 I
-

-2m
-

d
speed calculation :
Dealing with units :

s t
Find the distance covered by a car
conversions ooo that 's driving at 75 km 1h for 17 minutes

m → km
← is
conversion
distance :
✗ 1000
D= sxt ☒ needed ! ! !!
o

min → h
Km mi =
75 km
✗ 17min ÷oo
← -n
:-O -62 70min 0 -28h
0.284
k¥
so → 75 ✗

#
time : s min h
D= 21 km
Foo Foo
.
 da da da da

Motion Graph :

distance - time s s s s
t t t t
constant constant constant Accelerating
speed speed speed
forward backward

^
A
To find the distance on the y axis d B
• →

To find the time on the ✗ axis

•
→

find the line

Rise
•
To the speed → gradient of Run St

* A
steeper line means a greater gradient means a
greater speed .

for example A is steeper than B. Hence

Speed A > speed B
dem )
^ B

t§÷
•
4-
: speed in AB =

3- i
2- A !
-2
• - - .

1-
7

I 1 I 1 • I>
2 Mls
5 tls )
=
.

I 2 3 4
 AREA OF :

Acceleration calculation :

bibb
h A =

a = = U : initial velocity ( mis )

t w A- =L ✗ W
V U final
V Velocity ( Mls ) L
-

V = at + U
at
a

A : acceleration ( mis ) in A=(a¥)h

b

U = -
at + V t : Terrie is )

Motion Graph :( V - t) * to find velocity → y axis

* to find time → ✗ axis

v n v n v n v n

* to find acceleration → gradient

using rise
run

S to find the distance covered area

S S g * →
below the graph
t t t t
Constant Accelerating Decelerating at rest * steeper time means greater acceleration .

speed
Vlmls) What is the distance covered Distance Vs Displacement in (V t ) graphs
- :
✗
.

the first 4 ? let's calculated

is -

t
during seconds a
suppose we
l A2 -33m
A1 = 50M &
no
-

2×25
f f b✗h_
At

}
A1 : = = 25
gqst : find the total distance
µ -

2 2
I 1 A2 = At + A2 = 83m
to -

A1 A2 1
A2 l 50
5 -
: : ✗ We 25×2 =
qst : Find the total displacement
' > Al A2 = 17m
's off
' =
-

, I 's tis) so distance covered is 75m