HEALTH, SAFETY &

ENVIRONMENT PLAN

Jubail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Prepared by: Date:

Approved by: Date:

Revision 1
Issued: June 2015
Page 1 of 56
 Preface

AL-BATIN ADVANCED CONTRACTING CO.LTD. Pays every importance to

Health, Safety and Environment from the humanitarian, economic and legal
viewpoints. Management is committed to the protection of its human resources;
properties; and the environment; and, all levels of supervision in the organization are
expected to demonstrate the same commitment. Vigorous efforts will be extended to
accident prevention in all possible ways and implications. Accident prevention is
considered as an important element in the construction process and is the direct
responsibility of every individual.

Management assures that every activity will be carried out with the highest degree of
safety. It is a legal obligation to provide a safe and healthy working environment that
is free from recognized potential hazards, and to maintain its facilities and equipment
at safe operating standards.

"Knowledgeable and safety-conscious employees equipped with safe techniques and

skills are the cornerstone for the success of our goals. All members of the
organization are aware that safe work practices take precedence over shortcuts and
expedient actions. They have moral and legal responsibility to follow the established
standards indicated in this program."

Management and employees are bound to agree that safety is both moral and legal
obligations with equal status to any business objectives like production, and quality
output.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter I LEADERSHIP AND ADMINISTRATION

1.0 Introduction………………………………………………………… 03
2.0 Health, Safety, & Environment Policy Statement …………………. 05
3.0 HSE Requirements…………………………………………………. 06
4.0 HSE Organizations…………………………………………………. 08

Chapter II HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM

5.0 Indoctrination and Training………………………………………… 17

6.0 HSE Promotions……………………………………………………. 19
7.0 HSE Meeting……………………………………………………….. 19
8.0 Task risk Assessment Job Safety Analysis (JSA)………………….. 20
9.0 Emergency Response and Preparedness……………………………. 20
10.0 Accident Investigation, Injury & Damage Reporting……………… 21
11.0 Personal Protective Equipment……………………………………... 22
12.0 Medical Facilities, Welfare, & Sanitation…………………………... 23
13.0 Safety Signage………………………………………………………. 24
14.0 Training and Vehicle Safety………………………………………… 25
15.0 Permit to Work………………………………………………………. 25
16.0 Security Plan…………………………………………………………. 25
17.0 Off-The-Job-Safety………………………………………………….. 26
18.0 Monitoring Programs and Inspection………………………………… 27

Chapter III SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

19.0 Fire Prevention and Protection……………………………………….. 30

20.0 Confined Space Entry………………………………………………… 33
21.0 Energy Isolation & Lockout/Tagout…………………………………. 33
22.0 Electrical Installations………………………………………………… 34
23.0 Welding, Cutting and Heating………………………………………… 34
24.0 Tools, Portable Power Tools………………………………………….. 35
25.0 Ladders………………………………………………………………… 39
26.0 Scaffolding…………………………………………………………….. 45
27.0 Cranes, and Rigging Equipment……………………………………….. 45
28.0 Mechanical Equipment………………………………………………... 46
29.0 Excavations…………………………………………………………….. 46
30.0 Housekeeping………………………………………………………….. 49
31.0 Waste Management…………………………………………………….. 50
32.0 Office Safety………………………………………………………….... 51
 CHAPTER I

LEADERSHIP AND ADMINISTRATION

Section 1.0
INTRODUCTION

Health, Safety & Environment Commitment

AL-BATIN ADVANCED CONTRACTING CO.LTD. Management and employees

are committed to adopt the Company and Contractor HSE principle; to observe and
adhere with the rules; and to comply with health, safety and environment
requirements in the execution of the project scope of work. In relation, site
management shall exercise control over its personnel including visitors and vendors,
by providing education and training on specific site HSE program, systems, and
process. Management ensures the complete elimination of potential hazards and
practices that would tend to create possible harm to personnel and economic or
property losses.

Site Management and line staff shall be adequately trained and they shall be guided
by the principle that:

"No work is never so urgent that one cannot take the time to do it safely. It is the
responsibility of each individual that everyone leaves his job in the same bodily
condition as he arrived".

Section 2.0
HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT (HSE) POLICY STATEMENT

AL-BATIN ADVANCED CONTRACTING CO.LTD.is committed to manage its

business processes through continual improvement on HSE management system and
to the fullest satisfaction of its clients, employees, contractors, stakeholders and
organization.

It is our policy to provide and maintain a safe and healthy working environment free
of recognized hazards and to follow the operating practices in Construction and
Maintenance Services, including Engineering, Procurement and other relevant
activities by ensuring the following:

a. Abide by the current applicable Health, Safety & Environment legislation and legal
requirements of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia including Royal Commission
regulations on environmental laws, and requirements of other interested parties.

b. Adopt work practices that minimize risk to human life, property and the
environment.

c. Train process owners to facilitate environmental friendly safe work culture.

d. Business processes will be designed and focused to meet customer satisfaction and
expectations by minimizing HSE risks to promote safe and green business culture.

e. Develop strategies in line with the industry and international safety standards to
control risks that meet customer expectations.
f. Involve employees at all levels in managing health, safety and environmental risks.

g. Enhance relevant knowledge, technology, laws and regulations consistent with

Health, Safety and Environment Philosophy.

h. Minimize waste and promote the conservation of environmental resources.

i. Initiate quick and effective response to incidents and emergencies resulting from
our activities through cooperation with JAMA'A, Royal Commission, Port
Authorities, Civil Defense, and other Government agencies.

Observance of this policy by all members of the organization is necessary to

accomplish an accident-free, environment friendly performance and sustain its
business entities.

Section 3.0
HSE REQUIREMENTS

3.1 HSE Legal & Other Requirements

This program adapts in part or as a whole the applicable local legislations and
standards imposed by the Saudi Arabian Government; International Standards, Codes
and Safe Practices that includes but not limited to the following:

 Saudi Arabian Labor and Workmen Law

 Royal Commission Codes and Procedures
 Saudi Aramco Procedures
 ANSI
 OSHA
 NFPA
 ASTM
 Others, as applicable

3.2 HSE Objectives and Targets

The primary objective of this program is to support is to ensure protection of the

health and safety of personnel working at site and, the environment by providing a
safe and healthful place of work.

In line with Owner's/Contractor's HSE targets, the project HSE goal aims for:

 Reduce the number of work place injuries and illness.

 Increase the level of employee communication, education and training in HSE.
 Increase the extent of involvement of different levels of the workforce in the
health and safety improvement process.
 Increase the level of responsibility which employees show for their own and
for others health and safe working.
  Decrease the degree of tolerance of risk taking behavior.
 Improve the road safety behavior of all the driving personnel so as to reduce
the number of motor vehicle accidents.
 Increase the degree of leadership and the commitment by the senior
management to provide a healthy and safe working environment.
 Implement a feasible system of HSE performance measurement.
 Arrangements for monthly review of HSE performance to the executive
management for the implementation of improvement plans.
 Zero Fatalities; and,
 Zero Lost Time Incidents.
 Injury Incident Rate (per 200,000MH) - 0.83
 Injury Frequency Rate (per 200,000MH - 0.77
 Injury Severity Rate (per 200,000MH) - 7.70

To achieve the above goals, Company Management is committed to:

 Ensure that project personnel, including vendors and visitors are adequately
trained on Health, Safety and Environmental requirements.
 Optimize on-site working conditions leading to avoidance of occupational
injuries, illnesses or health and environmental nuisances.
 Maintain safe working areas and good housekeeping.

3.3 Related HSE Procedures

This program satisfies the prescribed requirements of both international and local
codes and regulations and applicable industry standards.
Section 4.0
HSE ORGANIZATION

4.1 Organizational Structure

The AL-BATIN ADVANCED CONTRACTING CO.LTD.- Health, Safety &

Environment Department (HSED) operates and functions as an independent service
department responsible to the Executive Management. A HSE Manager heads the
department and has a pool of experienced and qualified safety of various disciplines
comprising of site HSE managers, HSE engineers, and inspectors who act as field
representatives.

The HSE Department is responsible to organize, direct and guide the safety, health,
and environmental efforts of the company in its operational areas in accordance to the
kingdom laws and regulations, industry standards or client requirements.

The department assists the executive management in developing policies and

procedures, and is responsible to render necessary technical support and information;
training services; compliance reviews; and providing updated HSE procedures, in
order to effectively administer the safety, health and environmental requirements.

Site HSE responsibility is a line function and the concerned Project Manager is
responsible to administer the project health, safety, and environment program.

4.2 Functional Duties

The Health, Safety & Environment Department's responsibilities includes:

 Prepare/Develop HSE Plans and procedures for project requirements.

 Investigate accidentlincident occurrences and recommend measures.
 Maintain record of occupational injuries or illnesses and establish
 Causal factors and statistical analysis.
 Organize safety motivational/incentive programs for employees.
 Organize health, safety & environment committees.
 Monitor project site HSE status thru inspection, audits and safety walkthrough.
 Publish literatures on safety, health and environment.
 Organize and conducts HSE training programs.
 Liaise with outside governmental agencies or professional societies.
 Responsible for company security requirements and assists management
 On matters concerning security.

4.3 Site HSE Coverage / HSE Resources

The Construction Site shall be provided with a full-time Site HSE Representative as
member of the project execution team responsible in monitoring and assisting the
overall implementation of the project HSE requirements.
Safety at site is a line function. The project execution team is responsible in
administering and implementing the Health, Safety & Environment Plan. The Site
HSE Representative shall assist its implementation and monitor the effectiveness of
the program and he shall report directly to the Site Project Manager. As an
administrative function, he shall report to the HSE Manager on any HSE matters.

4.4 Roles and Responsibilities

The Executive Management

The AL-BATIN ADVANCED CONTRACTING CO.LTD. Executive Management is
ultimately responsible for the HSE affairs of the company across its organizational
jurisdiction.

Specifically, the Executive Management's primary duties and responsibilities is to:

 Ensure that an effective Safety, Health and Environment Policy is enforced

across the company's contract operations.
 Review the company-wide HSE performance and formal reviews for policy
compliance.
 Monitor the lower management's HSE involvement and provide the required
direction and support to the company Health, Safety & Environment Program.

Health, Safety & Environment Manager

The HSE Manager assists the Executive Management and renders specialist advice on
HSE matters for the company.

Specifically, the HSE Manager shall:

 Coordinate on the implementation of the company-wide program on Safety,

Health, and Environment.
 Conduct compliance audit of programs of different departments/projects and
present HSE performance report to the Executive Management and to all
departments and projects on a monthly basis.
 Formulate, administer and make appropriate revisions in the Health, Safety &
Environment Plan or Loss Prevention Program.
 Issue safety directives on behalf of the Executive Management.
 Act in an advisory capacity on HSE areas concerning management,
supervision, purchasing, and engineering.
 Investigate all serious accidents/incidents.
 Maintain and update the company's Health, Safety & Environment Plan or
Loss Prevention Program by way of actively participating and coordinating
with outside professional contacts and involvement in professional HSE
organizations.
 Establish programs to identify, evaluate and control of occupational hazards.

Project Manager / In-Charge

The Project Manager is responsible for all site HSE matters and for directing
administering the HSE Plan. Specifically, the Project Manager, in close coordination
with the HSE Representative shall monitor and review the effectiveness of program
implementation and he shall act as follows:
  Direct the implementation of Health, Safety & Environment Plan and assume
the effectiveness in line with the requirements of Owner/Contractor.
 Provide full support and trust to lower management level by enthusiastically
advocating the program and delegating responsibilities.
 Establish specific job safety rules and ensure adherence by all departments or
sections taking considerations the client special requirements.
 Continuously monitor the project's HSE status and boost employee safety
morale.
 Include HSE in the agenda of every project review meeting and give priority
for HSE related matters.
 Set up HSE incentive programs to recognize and motivate employees.
 Initiate disciplinary actions necessary to develop a good, functioning HSE
program.
 Be directly involved in the planning for those operations which have a
potential loss above that of normal construction hazards.
 Ensure that accidents receive prompt investigation and reporting. Ensure that
the necessary corrective action is taken.
 Ensure on-site first aid and medical services are available for project
personnel.
 Conduct pre-mobilization HSE coordination meetings with sub contractors.
 Reprimand any members of the staff failing to discharge satisfactorily the
HSE responsibilities allocated to him.
 Set a personal example on site visits by wearing appropriate protective
clothing and by following safe procedures, practices and rules.
 Chair the HSE meetings for senior staff and address concerns and encourage
safe work methods.
 Participate in toolbox meetings, orientations and HSE audits periodically.
 Ensure that each foreman/supervisor/superintendent is evaluated on his loss
control performance.

Project HSE Representative

The Project HSE Officer is responsible for providing specialist advice and assistance
on HSE matters for the project. He is authorize to temporarily suspend any operations,
which he considers unsafe and pose danger to lives and properties.

Specifically, he shall:

 Administer the HSE Plan with the Project Manager and renders technical
assistance on HSE throughout all phases of the project.
 Review periodically the plan with the Project Execution Team to re-affirm its
adequacy and applicability to the specific tasks and its conformity to the client
or contractor's requirements.
 Coordinate HSE audits, accident and incident investigations and reporting, and
maintain a central file for HSE statistics of the project.
  Participate and conduct HSE inspections and audits at all project locations and
activities and render reports to the Project Manager for appropriate actions.
 Initiate HSE recommendations to the Project Execution Team to improve site
safety, health, and environmental program.
 Coordinate with the contractor on site HSE activities, training programs,
emergency plans, drills and procedures.
 Prepare and submit the necessary reports relative to the project HSE status or
any report as required by the contractor.
 Participate in Weekly HSE and Progress Meeting and coordinate with the
front-line supervisors in conducting the Weekly Tool Box Meetings to
craftsmen.
 Coordinate or assist with other subcontractors with that HSE programs to meet
the specific HSE requirements.
 Evaluate the need for safety equipment to employees, first-aid, fire protection,
hygiene and sanitation etc. and ensure that all meet the minimum safety
standards.
 Maintain HSE promotional activities such as displaying of positive attitude
safety posters, safety signs, banners, and publication of safety letters or
literature.

Construction Manager

The Construction Manager is responsible for the safe operation of construction

activities and he will assist the Project Manager in the implementation of the HSE
Plan.

Specifically, he shall:

 Assume the responsibility to chair the HSE Committee in the absence of the
Project Manager.
 Be familiar with the HSE requirements of different project phase based on the
scope of work.
 Coordinate the construction activities and monitor same to ensure that the
work proceeds in accordance with the HSE and standard procedures.
 Conduct personal inspection and reporting of unusual conditions and practices.
 Review the project HSE performance on a daily basis.
 Ensure that each supervisor, foreman and superintendent is evaluated on his
HSE performance.
 Create and build HSE awareness among employees by holding group meeting
with sub-ordinates to discuss HSE problems.

Project Superintendent

 Be familiar with the loss prevention program or HSE plans and with client
HSE requirements.
 Ensure that HSE rules, regulations and standards described in the Loss
Prevention Program are complied with and enforced.
 Ensure that employees are given adequate training and instruction prior to the
work commencement.
  Participate in accident investigation and reporting, and ensure that necessary
corrective action is taken.
 Implement work procedures and housekeeping responsibilities that will ensure
safe operations.
 Assign tools and equipment that are in safe and workable condition.
 Make examinations of tools and equipment involved in incidents to prevent
continued use of defective items.
 Make daily inspections of construction area to ensure that the areas are free of
hazardous conditions.
 Monitor activities of all engineers and supervisors to ensure that they are
following HSE procedures and standards.
 Work in close cooperation with the Project HSE Engineer to eliminate and
correct all unsafe practices and hazardous conditions that are reported.
 Ensure that a HSE plan is incorporated in any work activity.
 Monitor field activities to ensure that unsafe acts and conditions are
eliminated.
 Analyze critical or high-risk jobs for HSE hazards and the appropriate control
measures.
 Provide written instructions to establish working method, to explain the
sequence of operations, to outline potential hazards at each stage and indicate
precautions to be adopted.
 Ensure that hazard identification plans are performed on all jobs or tasks that
involve potential HSE risks and see that all employees are made aware.

Supervisor / Engineer

 Be familiar with the Company Loss Prevention Program and Project Health,
Safety & Environment Plan.
 Organize site activities in such a manner that work is carried out with
minimum risk to employees, equipment or environment.
 Deliver precise and clear job instructions and correct work methods.
 Execute good housekeeping plan and monitor implementation.
 Make sure that suitable personal protective equipment are available and being
used as required.
 Coordinate with the Project HSE Engineer for any available HSE training
courses. Schedule employees to undergo the training.
 Coordinate with the Project HSE Engineer by acting on their
recommendations.
 Set personal example by adhering to HSE directives at all times.
 Ensure that site equipment are in good operating condition and necessary
safety measures are observed prior to start its operations.
 Be familiar with client or contractor HSE plan and work procedures.
Foreman

 Be familiar with the HSE regulations applicable to the work on which their
groups are engaged and insist that those regulations are observed.
 Comply with work permit requirements wherever applicable.
 Ensure that their workforce have undergone necessary HSE orientation prior
to start of job.
 Include HSE instructions in routine orders and see that they are obeyed.
 Make sure that suitable protective equipment are available and used.
 Make job physical capability analysis to ensure the proper people are assigned
in the capacity they are proficient in.
 Inspect scaffoldings before use, and ensure that they are tagged and meets all
HSE requirements.
 Ensure that new employees learn to take safety precautions
 Make examinations of tools and equipment involved in incidents to prevent
continued use of defective items.
 Restrain men from taking unnecessary risks. Do not insist someone to do any
job which he is not familiar with.
 Conduct weekly toolbox HSE meetings.
 Ensure that injured workers are immediately assisted for treatment with the
male nurse.
 Respond promptly to any emergency. Be familiar with emergency plans;
discuss plans with subordinates.
 Report all accidents using the relevant accident reporting forms.
 Maintain the work site clean and tidy; housekeeping must be done daily.
 Personally set an example by adhering to all HSE regulations.
 Conduct monthly HSE inspections.

Craft Employees

 Use the right tools and equipment for the job; wear safety equipment and
protective clothing e.g. safety belts, helmets, glass etc.
 Regularly attend HSE toolbox meetings.
 Learn and follow safe work practices - comply with the project smoking
policy; keep out from all suspended loads; use proper aisles, walkways,
stairways, roads etc.; should avoid throwing tools or any material at height;
and refrain from taking short cuts on the job.
 Keep tools and equipment in good condition.
 Report defective or damaged tools and equipment including safety gears.
 Report unsafe situations.
 Be familiar with the locations of firefighting equipment and their operation
procedure.
 Report all accidents and near miss incidents immediately to foreman or
supervisor.
 Get prompt treatment for injuries.
 Help new employees to learn safe work practices.
 Keep work area clean.
  Refrain from carrying out any action that would endanger himself, the other
workers, equipment or the environment.

Medical Team

The Medical Team shall render emergency or first aid services or medical assistance
to injured or ill personnel and endorsed him to a physician for further diagnostic or
medical treatment when necessary. The medical team shall be responsible in ensuring
that first aid services provided at site meets Client approval. Facilities shall include,
among others but may not be limited to:

 A fully equipped first aid station

 Ambulance
 Dedicated Driver
 First Aid medicines

Fire Watchmen

Designation of Fire Watchman shall be “as required” basis and whenever deemed
necessary as in the case of hot works near or within hazardous locations.

It is ensured that a fire watch is a trained individual and possesses the basic
knowledge on the use of portable fire extinguisher or other firefighting equipment.

Site Security Officer

Site security especially the gate control is normally the appointed team by
Owner/Contractor.

However as a subcontractor, it shall be an integral responsibility to secure its site

storage facilities and lay down yards including materials, vehicles, tools, equipment,
and any other possessions. Temporary fencing and gates shall be provided, and if
possible guard services as required, to secure work areas and or materials and
equipment.

Any loss of tools, equipment, materials or other breaches of security shall be reported
as soon as they are discovered to Owner/Contractor Security Team.
 CHAPTER II

HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM

Section 5.0

INDOCTRINATION AND TRAINING

The purpose of providing indoctrination and HSE training is for the employees to
become fully aware of the company policies and procedures including the company
program on accident prevention, and HSE requirements generally prescribed in the
Loss Prevention Program or HSE Plan Manual.

Training objectives aim to promote HSE education of employees at all levels and to
create a high level of HSE awareness among the workforce.

5.1 New Employee Indoctrination Program

This type of training is given to all new joiners or hired employees new to the
organization. The focus of this program is to inculcate into the minds of employees
the organization's established policies and procedures, and the HSE culture with
emphasis on management's legal and moral obligations of protecting the lives and
Limbs of employees and the preservation of workplace and the immediate
environment.

Employee indoctrination is jointly conducted by the Human Resources Department

and the Health, Safety & Environment Department and consists of the following
program:

 Familiarization of Company Policies and Procedures-Employee Relations

 Kingdom Laws and Culture-Do's and Don'ts
 Distribution of Company Policy Statement and Safety Handbook
 Discussion of Company General HSE Rules
 Familiarization of Company HSE Program

a. Company HSE Policy and Goals

b. Employee HSE Responsibilities
c. PPE Issuance and Use
d. Safety Violations, Infractions and Disciplinary Action Program
e. Accident/lnjury Reporting System
f. First Aid and Medical
g. HSE Promotional Activities
h. Vehicular Safety
i. Off-Job-Safety
j. Others
5.2 HSE Orientation

Site employees shall be made to undergo the Owner requirement on HSE

Indoctrination Program prior to admission and working at the construction site.
In addition, the Site HSE Representative will reinforce the site employees' HSE
awareness by providing them initial orientation session at first day of duty prior to
work deployment.

5.3 HSE Training

Project Management shall actively support and coordinate with the Contractor on the
conduct of specific HSE training programs for the subcontractors' employees. HSE
courses may include, as follows:

 Basic First Aid

 Supervisors Role in Accident Prevention
 Work Permit System
 Confined Space Entry
 Safe Crane and Rigging Operations
 Scaffolding and Elevated Works
 Fire Prevention
 Safe Handling of Materials
 Others

5.4 Skill Certification Program

Skills certification is a proof of competency and it is ensured that skilled employees

are certified according to their skills. This may include the following trades:
 Scaffold Erectors
 Crane Operators
 Heavy Equipment Mobile Operators
 Welders
 Riggers
 Scaffold Supervisors
 Scaffold Inspectors
 Light Drivers
 Male Nurse
 Others

Competency can be assessed by experience, training, by third party certification or by

licensing procedures by authorized agencies. As required, valid operators' licenses or
certification will be made available at site.

5.5 Training Facility

AL-BATIN ADVANCED CONTRACTING CO.LTD. has maintained an equipped

Training Center at the Company Head Office located in Jubail City.
Section 6.0
HSE PROMOTIONS

The Project Management shall initiate and closely coordinate with the Contractor on-
site HSE promotional and campaign activities to promote HSE awareness through the
following program:

 Participation to Contractor HSE Promotion Program (if any)

 Adopt the AL-BATIN ADVANCED CONTRACTING CO.LTD.HSE
Recognition Policy particularly the 'Safe Man of the Month Award' and Safety
Milestone Awards as reflected in company HSE procedure.
 Publicity Campaign-Maintain HSE bulletin board at site to display of Signs,
Circulars, Letters, Reminders, HSE Alert, Statistics, and other HSE updates
 Publicity Campaigns (Individual or Group)
 Participation to Annual Safety Contest i.e. Safety Slogan Contest, Safety
 Poster-Making Contest

In organizing the HSE promotional program, site management will initiate criteria for
certain scheme including the giving of recognitions and awards.

Section 7.0
HSE MEETING

To be able to foster the HSE program, Project Manager, the Site HSE Representative
and key staff will conduct regular HSE meetings and actively participate in HSE
Meetings.

7.1 Toolbox Meeting

Subcontractor line supervisors must conduct a daily and weekly toolbox meeting
before the job starts, preferably on the first hour of every shift.

Daily Toolbox

This is a 10-15 minute HSE talk to be conducted by the respective craft

supervisor/foreman/headman. The meeting shall be documented using the prescribed
form. Highlights of meeting include the general safe work practices, personal
protective equipment, permit to work, housekeeping, etc.

Weekly Toolbox

This is a 10-20 minute weekly mass meeting to be organized by the Project Manager
in coordination with the Site HSE Representative to be held on the first working hour
preferably every first day of the week (Saturdays). The meeting shall be documented
using the prescribed form. Highlights of meeting include.
Section 8.0
TASK RISK ASSESSMENT JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS (JSA)

Every job task shall be covered with a risk assessment analysis or Job Safety Analysis
(JSA) in order to identify the potential hazards for every activity and to develop safety
control measures for the particular hazard. Front-line supervisors shall be required to
develop the JSA.

Prior to start a particular job the concerned crew shall hold a brief pre-work
instruction meeting to be presided by the front-line supervisors or foremen. The
meeting will highlight the HSE requirements of certain activity that are necessary in
safely carrying out the tasks as reflected in the prepared Job Safety Analysis (JSA)
chart.

The Site HSE Representative can impart vital safety views during this instructional
session.

Section 9.0
EMERGENCY RESPONSE AND PREPAREDNESS

It is ensured that site personnel are given the necessary training and familiarization on
how to response to an emergency.

Effective flow of communication shall be maintained at all times. Orientation on site

emergency procedure shall be part of the induction process to discuss among others
the following:

 Types of Emergency- Medical/Rescue; Fire or Explosion; Hazardous Release;

Natural or Civil Unrest
 Alarm Signals
 Assembly Points
 Personnel Accounting
 Response Plan
 Etc.

9.1 Evacuation Procedures

An evacuation begins with NOTIFICATION to all employees to immediately leave

the area, or sounding of the emergency alarm.

When an emergency condition exist requiring evacuation of personnel every

supervisor/foreman will ensure the following:

 All works are stopped at once.

 All equipments are shut down.
 All men are evacuated to pre-determined Safe Assembly Areas.
 Verification of the completeness of the evacuation must be made immediately
 by the supervisor/foreman concerned. This can be done in the form of a "Roll
Call".
 No one will be permitted to work until notification has been received from the
employer's representative that it is safe to do so.

9.2 Training and Drills

The site HSE engineer will conduct emergency drills in coordination with ERT
members for all employees. In addition we shall participate in all emergency drills
conducted by the Client. All employees will be made familiar with the Client's facility
Emergency Procedure.

Regular demonstration as to the basic operations of portable fire extinguisher shall be

periodically conducted to all craft employees to enhance their basic skills and
knowledge on the functions of fire extinguisher.

Section 10.0
ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION, INJURY & DAMAGE REPORTING

The commitment to carefully report and investigation of accidents and incidents is a

major factor in accident prevention. The responsibility of accident reporting rests with
the Project Manager and the supervisors or foremen.

Any type of incidents and or accidents happened at site involving personal injuries,
fires, vehicular; equipment or property damages shall be reported.

A spot or initial report will be submitted immediately after the incident and a formal
or detailed report shall be prepared and submitted within 24 hours from the time of
the incident.

Records of accident or incident shall be maintained by the Site HSE Representative at

site office for audit.

Recording and reporting of occupational injuries shall be in accordance with the

OSHA requirements, as follows:

 Injury Frequency Rate (FR) = Number of Lost Workday Cases / Total

Man-hours Worked x 200,000.
 Injury Severity Rate (SR) = Number of Lost Days due to LWDC / Total
Man-hours x 200,000.
 Injury Incidence Rate (IIR) = Total Number of Recordable
Accidents / Total Man-hours x 200,000.

Section 11.0
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Company provides personal protective equipment (PPE) to all employees. As a

minimum, each employee shall be issued free of charge the basic safety items, as
follows:
 Safety helmet
 Safety shoes
 Safety glasses
 Safety Coverall

A sufficient inventory of various types of personal protective such as hand gloves,

respirators, ear plugs, safety belt or harness, face shields and others will be kept in the
project site store for immediate issuance as the need arises. Similar types of PPE's are
immediately available in the company main stores.

A company system of color-coding of safety helmet has been established for easy
identification of the workforce at site.

COLOR CODE CATEGORY

Yellow Labor / Helper
Red Safety Officer
Blue Foreman & Gen. Foreman
White Engineers to Project Superintendents
Section 12.0
MEDICAL FACILITIES, WELFARE AND SANITATION

12.1 First Aid and Qualified Male Nurse

First aid and medical facilities at construction site shall be provided in accordance
with the Saudi Labor Law, Articles 134 and 135.

A first aid box with first aid accessories and first aid attendant is provided at site for
employees less than 50 while a Qualified Male Nurse and a dedicated vehicle with
driver shall be provided for 50 or more site employees present.

The Male Nurse is required to keep records of all medical treatments at site, and a
summary report will be submitted on a monthly period to all concerned.

12.2 Outside Medical Services

The company has contracted the services of various outside hospitals or medical
facilities for medical and health assistance. Listed hereunder are the names and
locations of the currently contracted medical facilities.

12.3 Welfare and Sanitation

Adequate sanitation and welfare facilities are provided for the employees on the
project. This includes dining/rest room, washing facilities, toilets, first aid station,
ambulance, fire protection facilities, together with any special project needs as and
when they occur.

Trash bins with lids will be kept in various locations for the disposal of waste
material. Trash buckets shall be kept in various locations, for the disposal of waste
from trash bins, and these will be emptied regularly by company's industrial waste
disposal section. Adequate number of portable chemical toilets and permanent toilet
facilities shall be made available and these shall be kept in sanitary clean condition
always.

Portable chemical toilets will be provided in work sites where permanent toilet
facilities are not feasible. Sufficient number of portable chemical toilets will be
distributed at an ideal ratio to the required number of employees and the total area of
work site.

12.4 Potable Water

It is ensured that the supply of potable water to site shall come from an approved-
source. The drinking water delivered to site is normally taken from the Royal
Commission source. Cooled drinking water is supplied during hot weather conditions.

Disposable paper cups and drinking water will be provided in various locations and
the use of communal cups for dispensing drinking water is prohibited.

12.5 Drugs and Alcohol Abuse Control

The company has established and issued a stringent policy on prohibition on the use
of dangerous drugs and consumption of alcoholic substances, which are both
forbidden as per the kingdom law. The company therefore does not and will not
tolerate such acts by employees.

12.6 Social Facilities

Company provides ideal residential camp living accommodations equipped with

adequate sports and recreational facilities and other social services.

12.7 Working during High Ambient Temperatures

High temperature and high humidity in Saudi Arabia occurs during the months of
March to September. At this season, the occurrence of heat stress and heat-related
illnesses is potentially high.

To minimize the effects of the above conditions, the following precautions shall be
observed:

 Providing adequate shades

 Providing sufficient drinking water
 Limiting the work exposure by adopting the work-rest regime
 Providing training and education on recognition of symptoms

Section 13.0
SAFETY SIGNAGE

The necessary safety signs and other project signage shall be installed at site in
suitable languages (English and Arabic) for the workforce.
Section 14.0
TRANSPORTATION AND VEHICLE SAFETY

It shall be the standing company policy not to allow anybody to drive a vehicle
without a valid Saudi Arabian Government driving license.

Vehicle traffic at the project site will be kept to a minimum. To ensure smooth flow of
traffic and to eliminate potential risk the following will be imposed with close
monitoring.

a. Maximum speed limit displayed on site access roads shall be followed.

b. All drivers shall have valid Saudi Arabian driving license.
c. Nobody is permitted to travel in the back of pick-up trucks.
d. If men have to work on roadways, they shall be protected from the risk of
being struck by vehicle. Suitable warning signs will be posted in
appropriate locations with a flagman in attendance.
e. To avoid vehicles striking against overhead lines and structures, height
goal post shall be erected together with height definition signs.
f. Where operations are extensive along roadways, traffic control persons
wearing bright colored dress shall be stationed where they are visible to
oncoming traffic.
g. Where vehicles equipment are operating in close quarters, adjacent to
excavations, other equipment or near workers, a signal person shall be
assigned.
h. Parking spaces for vehicles and equipment shall be established in clearly
defined areas on site.
i. All personnel shall be instructed in the observance of job site traffic rules.

Additional precautions shall also be observed, such as:

 Vehicles and Driving Rules Procedure

 Traffic Plan Procedure

Section 15.0
PERMIT TO WORK

All hazardous work activities or any other activities around hydrocarbon facilities that
need permit to work by the Company or the Contractor shall be performed in
accordance with Owner's/Contractor's Work Permit Procedure. These may include as
follows:

 Excavation and Trenching Permit

 Scaffold Permit
 Radiography Permit/Request
 Elevated Work Permit
 Confined Space Entry Permit
 Suspended Personnel Work Basket Authorization/Permit
 Night Work Permit
  Cold Work Permit
 Hot Work Permit
 Hazardous Energy Control Survey/Permit
 Road Closure Request/Permit
 Electrically Hazardous Task Plan/Permit
 Others

Section 16.0
SECURITY PLAN

Security measures to be implemented at project site shall be in accordance with

CLIENT requirements and should conform to the requirements of the High
Commission for Industrial Security (HCIS).

A security plan or program shall be developed for CLIENT review and approval
summarizing in details the following areas:

 Security risks
 Security Counter-Measures
 Security Organization
 Security Procedures
 Post Duties
 Reporting System

Section 17.0
OFF-THE-JOB-SAFETY

Off-the-job employees' safety is an integral responsibility of the company hence,

continuous information, campaign and education programs are form part of the
company's health, safety, and environment plan.

Among the company's off-job-safety program includes:

 Issuance and posting of HSE publications on camp bulletin boards

 Motivational activities
 Camp welfare to include sports-related activities, social programs, etc
 Issuance of safety letters and reminders
 Posters
 Driving Precautions
 HSE Contests
 Others

Section 18.0
MONITORING PROGRAMS AND INSPECTION
Site management shall conduct HSE inspection in coordination with Contractor HSE
Team on construction site and facilities such as yards, warehouses, maintenance
shops, offices and other work places to identify and eliminate hazards and to provide
a safe working condition.

Site inspection may compose of the following:

 Planned General Inspection

 Routine Inspection

18.1 Planned Inspection

Planned general inspection is normally accomplished by HSE Team and could be

participated by the Subcontractors Representative, which involves a predetermined
interval or schedule of inspection

18.2 Routine Inspection

Routine inspection is referred to herewith as the daily safety patrol conducted by the
site HSE representative and the daily job checks by line supervisors. All inspections
shall be documented and corrective actions as to the HSE recommendations should be
taken by the concerned supervisors.

18.3 Site HSE Audit

HSE Audit Program shall conform to the requirements of Client/Contractor Site HSE
program.

18.4 HSE Reports

A monthly reporting on Project HSE Statistics shall be made to Client/ Contractor in

accordance to its reporting system.

Determination of the accident rate shall be in accordance to the OSHA requirements

using the following formula:

 Injury Frequency Rate (AFR) = Number of Lost Workday Cases/Total

Man-hours Worked x 200,000.

 Injury Severity Rate (ASR) = Number of Lost Days due to LWDC/Total

Man-hours x 200,000.

 Injury Incidence Rate (IIR) = Total Number of Recordable Accidents/Total

Man-hours x 200,000.
 CHAPTER III

SAFE WORK PROCEDURES

(Construction Site Requirements)
Section 19.0
FIRE PREVENTION AND PROTECTION

Fire prevention and fire fighting capability shall meet standard requirements for
extinguishing and controlling the occurrence of fires or leaks. All areas and facilities
at the construction site shall be protected from the accidental occurrence of fire.

19.1 Fire Protection Plan

A fire prevention and firefighting plan shall be developed which shall address the
basic requirements during the construction phase.

19.2 Use of Owner Fire Protection Facilities

The use of Client/Owner's existing fire protection facilities shall be by prior

agreement with the Client/Owner representatives.

19.3 Fire Precautions

A. Electrical Equipment

Overheating of electrical equipment and arcs resulting from short circuits in

improperly installed or maintained electrical equipment are two of the leading causes
of fire in buildings.

1. Only approved electrical equipment should be used where flammable gases or

vapors may be present.
2. Temporary or makeshift wiring should not be used unless absolutely necessary
and should be removed as soon as possible.
3. Portable electrical tools and extension cords should be inspected at frequent
intervals and repaired promptly. Waterproof cords and sockets should be used
in damp places, and explosion-proof fixtures and lamps should be used in the
presence of highly flammable gases and vapors.
4. All electrical equipment, particularly portable electrical tools, should be
grounded or double insulated for the protection of persons using it.
5. Lamp bulbs should be protected by heavy lamp guards or by adequately sealed
transparent enclosures, kept away from sharp objects, and secured to prevent
falling. Bare bulbs should never be used when exposed to flammable dusts or
vapors.
B. Welding and Cutting Operations

1. If the object to be welded or cut cannot readily be moved, all movable fire hazards
in the vicinity shall be taken to a safe place.
2. If the object to be welded or cut cannot be moved, and if all the combustible
materials cannot be removed, then guards shall be used to confine the heat, sparks
and slag. All combustible materials which cannot be removed shall be covered
with fire-proof blankets or sheet metal.
3. Wherever there are floor openings or cracks in the flooring that cannot be closed,
precautions shall be taken so that no readily combustible material on the floor
below will be exposed to sparks which might drop through the floors.
4. Cracks or holes in walls, open doorways and open or broken windows shall be
covered with sheet metal guards.
5. Suitable fire extinguishing equipment shall be maintained in a state of readiness
for instant use.
6. Wood or any other combustible materials shall not be used for cribbing or packing
during welding or cutting operations.
7. A fire watch shall be maintained for at least a half hour after completion of
welding and cutting operations to detect and extinguish possible smoldering fires.
8. After the completion of the job, the work area should be wetted down using water
spray.
9. Before cutting or welding is permitted, the area shall be inspected by the
individual responsible for authorizing cutting and welding operations.
10. Hot, spent electrode stubs shall be put in suitable metal bins and separate bins
should be kept for this purpose.

C. Smoking

1. Carelessly discarded cigarettes, pipe embers, and cigars are a major source of fire.
Smoking should be prohibited in wood working shops, and places where
flammable liquids or combustible products are stored or used.
2. “NO SMOKING” signs should be prominently displayed in these areas. In places
where smoking is allowed, metal ashtrays, partly filled with sand should be
provided and arrangements shall be made to empty them regularly.

D. Storage, Handling and Use of Flammable Liquids

1. Flammable liquids should always be kept in closed containers when not actually
being used. Special safety cans with a fire arrester in the spout and a spring
closing cap are recommended for handling flammable solvents after dispensing
from larger containers in which they are bought.
2. Drums containing flammable solvents should be stored upright in a place reserved
for that purpose, preferably away from buildings.
3. Flammable liquids shall not be stored in access ways used by persons as
passageways.
4. Smoking should be prohibited in all areas where flammable liquids are stored or
used. Signs “Highly Flammable-No Smoking” should be displayed at the storage
area.
5. Flammable liquids must not be used near any operation that could cause a source
of ignition.
6. All spillage of flammable liquids shall be cleaned up immediately.
7. Leaking flammable liquid containers shall be disposed off promptly and safely.
8. Fire extinguishers should be posted at convenient and easily identified points, on
areas where flammable liquids are stored.

E. Housekeeping

1. Accumulations of oil-soaked and paint saturated clothing, rags, waste and

combustible refuse should not be allowed. Such materials should be deposited in
non-combustible metal receptacles, provided for this purpose and shall be
removed daily from the work areas.
2. Accumulations of all types of dust should be cleaned at regular intervals from
overhead pipes, beams, and other heated surfaces.
3. Ash trays which may contain smoldering material, should not be emptied into
combustible bags, or cartons or into containers of combustibles.
4. Flushing flammable liquids into sewers shall be prohibited.
5. Waste materials should not be accumulated in storage areas, welding shops,
painting rooms and where flammable liquids and gases are used.
6. Combustible materials should be present in work areas only in quantities required
for the job, and should be removed to a designated storage area at the end of each
workday.

F. Fire Extinguishers

Type ABC dry chemical portable fire extinguishers will be provided to all running
internal combustion engines or equipment and in areas where the possibility of fire
occurs such as buildings, offices, and welding points.

Distribution of fire extinguisher shall be as follows:

1. Extinguishers should be located on a safe distance from the likely hazards

preferably along tlie normal path of egress from buildings or on exits.
2. The location of the extinguisher should be made conspicuous. Visible signs shall be
posted or red bands can be painted to direct attention of employees.
3. Fire extinguishers must not be blocked or hidden by material or equipment.
4. Fire extinguishers should be kept in good condition
5. Fire extinguishers should be placed so that the maximum travel (walking) distances
between locations do not exceed 75 ft. for Class A or 50 ft. for Class B
extinguishers in hazardous area.

G. Fire Watch

When required, a fire watch shall be assigned on every hot work or welding activity
where the occurrence of fire is imminent.
Section 20.0
CONFINED SPACE ENTRY

All work activities at site that are categorized as confined space shall be covered with
a Confined Space Entry Permit issued by the Company or Contractor. All workers
undertaking work in confined spaces will be provided with the necessary training
before they are certified as competent to work in a confined space.

Section 21.0
ENERGY ISOLATION & LOCKOUT/TAG OUT

Any type of energy isolation or works on high-energy equipment should conform to

CLIENT requirements on Energy Isolation, Lockout/Tag Out Procedure.

Before working on any machine, the power supply must be cut off and the switch
should be locked out in the off position and should be tagged with a description of the
work being done and the name of the person, to prevent unexpected starting of the
machine which may injure persons working on them.

Because of the grave risk of life, the supervisor should ensure that the lockout
procedure is implemented with the necessary keys, locks and arrangements.

No two key configurations should be the same, and they should be checked to see that
each keys fits only one lock. Each worker should have his own lock and key, and the
duplicate key should be with the safe custody of the site superintendent or manager.

General Requirements

1. Notify the operator and other users of the system that repair work is to be done on
the machine or system.
2. Make sure that the machine cannot be set in motion without your permission.
3. Place your padlock on the control switch, lever or valve, even though someone
has locked the control before you.
4. Tie the tag with your name and a description of the work being done.
5. When the job is finished remove your lock and tag. Never permit someone else to
remove it for you, and be sure you are not exposing another person to danger.
Verify that the system is clear and post a watch if necessary.
6. Re-energize the system.
Section 22.0
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS

Electrical hazards are different from other types found in construction work because
the human senses provide no advance warning. About one in every thirty electrical
accidents is of serious consequences. The great majority of electrical accidents result
in shock and or burns.

1. On site offices, workshops and other facilities, which are regarded as permanent
type installations, electric wir~ng shall- be done under the supervision of a
qualified and competent electrical supervisor. All the wiring shelled should be
through conduits.
2. Where cables need to cross open areas, or where spans of 10 ft (3m) or more are
involved, support poles shall be provided as a convenient means of suspension.
3. If it is necessary to lay the cables on the ground, these shall be protected with
reinforced hosepipe.
4. Joints in cables will be avoided wherever possible. Where unavoidable, they shall
be made in purpose built junction boxes.
5. All extension outlet boxes will be of weatherproof type.
6. Circuit breaker panels and similar places will be covered or protected.
7. A visual inspection of the installation shall be undertaken once in a week.
8. Personnel working on electrical equipment or connections will be provided with
properly insulated tools and rubber gloves.
9. Lighting will have guards to prevent accidental contact with the bulb.

Section 23.0
WELDING, CUTTING AND HEATING

Welding, cutting and burning operations shall conform to the industry standards
codes, and practices in Welding Operations.

Personnel shall be protected from the associated welding hazards by means of

wearing the necessary equipment such as helmets, shields, goggles, safety gloves,
shoes and protective clothing against heat, sparks, molten metal and radiation.

The following safety precautionary measures shall be implemented during the conduct
of welding, cutting and heating activities:

 Ensure all welding and cutting equipment, tools and accessories comply with
the approved standards codes and HSE requirements.
 All welding-related operations will be controlled under the Work Permit
Procedure.
 Ensure that a well-trained or competent Fire Watchman is provided.

Section 24.0
TOOLS, PORTABLE POWER TOOLS
Hand tools or portable power tools present similar hazards as a stationary machine of
the same kind, in addition to the risks of handling. Typical injuries caused by tools or
portable power tools are burns, cuts, and strains. Sources of injury include electric
shock, particles in the eyes, fires, falls, and falling tools.

Electric shock is the chief hazard from electrically powered tools. Injury categories
are electric flash burns, minor shock, and shock resulting in death.

24.1 General

a. The source of power should always be disconnected before accessories on a

portable tool are changed, and guards should be replaced or put in correct
adjustment before the tools are used again.
b. A tool should not be left in an overhead place where there is a chance that the cord
or hose, if pulled, will cause the tool to fall. The cord or hose and the tool may be
suspended over aisles or work areas, or if laid across the floor, protected by
wooden strips or special raceways.
c. Cords should not be hanged over nails, bolts or sharps edges. They should also be
kept away from oil, hot surfaces, and chemicals.
d. Power driven tools should be stored in secured places and not left in areas where
they may be exposed to accidental contact by personnel or otherwise activated.
e. All portable power tools shall be stored in clean dry conditions. Power tools must
not be left lying around the job site where they could be damaged. Rotating tools
should be switched off and held until rotation has completely stopped before they
are set down. Tools must be disconnected before changing bits, blades, cutter, or
wheels.

24.2 Pneumatic Tools

A. General Requirements

1. An air compressor shall always be under the supervision of a competent person so

as to have adequate ventilation. Compressors shall not be permitted to operate in
confined spaces without the provision of adequate exhaust ventilation.
2. All compressed air hoses shall be of the correct size to fit the tool being used. Any
joint in the hoses shall be made with a proper coupler. The hose length shall be
kept as short as possible and placed so as not to be subjected to damage.
3. An air hose on the floor should be protected against trucks, and pedestrians by two
planks laid on either side of it or by a runway built over it. It is preferable,
however, to suspend hoses over aisles and work areas.
4. Air hose from the tool should not be disconnected and used for cleaning machines
or removing dust from clothing.
5. Air should be shut off before attempting to disconnect the air hose from the
airline. Stored air pressure inside the line should also be released before
disconnecting.

If kink or excessive wear of the hose occurs, the hose can be protected by a
wrapping of strip metal or wire.
6. During operation, air tools should be held firmly to prevent them spinning and
jumping. This pressure should be maintained during the stopping process to
 prevent injury to the operator's feet and hand.

B. Jack Hammer and Concrete Breaker

1. The tool bit retaining spring shall always be securely in position to prevent the bit
from dropping out. The bit must be kept sharp.
2. The trigger should not be sequence until the tool is on the work.
3. Required eye protection must be worn while using any pneumatic tools to prevent
hazards from flying chips.
4. Workers should wear hearing protection.
5. Jack hammers should be operated away from each other, that is, back to back, to
prevent exposure of face from flying chips.
6. Operators should wear safety shoes.
7. Operators should maintain a firm grip with both hands and should stand in a
balanced position when operating the machine.

C. Air Power Grinder

This requires the same type of guarding as electric grinders. Over speeding of the
wheel should be avoided.

D. Air Operated Nailers and Staplers

The principal hazard from these tools is the accidental discharge of the fastener. In
such instances, the fastener can become a dangerous project and inflate serious injury
at considerable distance.

24.3 Electrically-Operated Power Tools

A. General Requirements

1. All electrically operated tools shall be rated.

2. Before any electrical tool is used, a careful check shall be made by the supervisor
to ensure that the supply voltage is within the range marked on the information
plate of the tool.
3. All hand tools shall be properly grounded or be of the double insulated type.
4. All tools shall be used with the trailing lead as short as possible. Each load shall
be fitted with a grounded plug to fit the socket outlet on the distribution load.
5. Where it is necessary to make electrical splices, these shall be made with proper
connector blocks or by plug and socket connectors. Taped joints should not be
used.
6. Electrical cords of power tool should be inspected frequently and kept in good
condition; they should be of adequate wire size. Heavy-duty plugs that clamp to
the cord should be used to prevent strain on the current carrying parts if the cord is
accidentally pulled.
7. Electric cords should be protected from sharp objects, heat, and oil or solvents that
might damage or soften the insulation.
8. Use only three-wire extension cords that have three prong, grounding-type plugs
and three pole receptacles that accept the tool's plug. Damaged or worn cords
must be replaced immediately.
9. The inspection and maintenance of all tools shall be carried out at least once a
week by an electrician.
10. All tools shall be stored in a clean, dry place and a record of issue and receipt shall
be maintained by the storekeeper.

B. Grinders

1. All grinders shall be equipped with a protective guard,-which-allows only the

working part of the wheel to be exposed. For portable grinding machines, the
maximum angular exposure of the periphery and sides of wheel should not exceed
180 degrees and the top portion of the wheel should always be enclosed with
adjustable guards so that operators will be inclined to make the correct adjustment
rather than remove the guard. However, the guard should be easily removable to
facilitate replacement of the wheel.
2. The operator must wear safety goggles at all times to prevent eye injuries from
broken wheels and spokes or materials being grind.
3. The wheel should be kept away from water and oil, which might affect it's
balance; the wheel should be protected against blows from other tools; and care
should be exercised not to strike the sides of a wheel against objects or to drop the
wheel.

C. Soldering Irons

1. Soldering irons are the source of burns and of illness resulting from inhalation of
fumes. Insulated, non-combustible holders should be used to eliminate the fire
hazard and the danger of burns from accidental contact.
2. Holders should be designed so that employees cannot accidentally touch the hot
irons if they should reach for them without looking.
3. Exhaust facilities must be provided where lead soldering is done. Even if lead
fumes are not present in harmful quantities it is desirable to exhaust the nuisance
fumes and smoke.
4. Lead solder particles should not be allowed to accumulate on the floor and on
worktables.

C. Drills

1. Care should be taken not to drill too large a hole at one time. If this is not done,
the drill may bind on break-through and the torque set up could twist the tool
against the user's wrist.
2. When the operator must guide the drill with a hand, the drill should be equipped
with a sleeve that fits over the drill bit. The sleeve protects the operators hands
and also serves as a limit stop, if the drill should suddenly plague thorough the
material.
3. Oversized bits should not be ground down to fit small electric drills; instead an
adapter should be used that will fit the large bit and provide extra power through a
speed reduction gear; however, this again is an indication of improper drill size.
4. When drills are used, the pieces of work should be clamped on or anchored to a
sturdy base to prevent whipping.
5. Electric drills should be of the proper size for the job. If the drill has a side handle,
 it should be used. A punch mark should be used to facilitate starting the drill and
bit.
6. The drill should be held solidly and at the proper angle, and started slowly. Increase
speed as needed after the start.

24.4 Cartridge Operated Tools

Cartridge operated tools shall be operated or repaired by a qualified and trained

personnel only.

a. All cartridge tools should be stored in a clean dry room and a register shall be
maintained.
b. The tools shall be thoroughly cleaned and lubricated after each period of usage. A
complete overhaul should take place every year. A record of such maintenance
shall be kept by the storekeeper.
c. Careful inspection of all materials should be made before using a cartridge tool
especially in soft materials since the fixing device can penetrate the material and
emerge from the other side like a bullet.
d. Cartridge tools should not be used on concrete less than three times the fastener
shank penetration, or into very hard or brittle materials including, but not limited
to, cast iron, glazed tile, hardened steel, glass block, natural rock, hollow tile, or
smooth brick.
e. Fastener should not be driven closer than 3" (7.5 cm) from an unsupported edge or
corner.
f. New fixing should be located at least 2" from a previously made hole as ricochet
can occur when a fixing device is driven into a hole already in the material. The
device can be deflected towards the operator.
g. Recoil from firing can throw the operator off balance and care should be taken to
ensure that the operator is aware of the force of recoil. This is particularly true
when working from ladders and scaffolding.
h. If a misfire occurs, the tool should be re-triggered without moving the equipment
from the work face. If the shot again fails, then-a period of 30 seconds should be
allowed before removing the tool from the work face.

The misfired cartridge should then be carefully removed from the tool according
to the manufacturer instructions.
i. Whenever cartridge tools are being used, the area around the operation should be
cleared of other personnel. If possible, screens should be erected as a precaution
against splintering.
j. Cartridge tools shall not be used where there is a risk of fire or explosion.
k. Cartridge tool operators should wear face and ear protection.

Section 25.0
LADDERS

Using ladders is fraught with danger. Studies show that most accidents are caused by
ladders slipping and that even where ladders are inclined at the recommended angle.
Accidents still happen where ladders are unsecured.
However many accidents occur where the ladders remains stable and are mainly due
to the users slipping on rungs or a missed footing, lost grip, or over reaching and over
balancing. Those persons carrying tools or other materials are particularly at risk.

25.1 Direct Causes of Ladder Accidents

 Ladder Slipping at Base

 Mainly where ladders are placed on surfaces which are both smooth and hard,
though a small percentage occur on soft ground and some where a ladder is set
on a box, bricks or a pile of material.
 Ladder too near the vertical.
 Over reaching and over-balancing.
 Slips on rungs due to wet or muddy foot wear.
 Ladder resting against fragile or movable material or structures.
 Insufficient projection to provide suitable handhold when stepping onto
highest working level.
 Falling material.
 Using too short a ladder.
 Ladders touching live electrical conductors.
 Using ladders horizontally as planks or as part of scaffold structures.
 Defective ladders.

25.2 Utility of Ladder

It should be first-considered whether a ladder is the best tool for a- given job.

Ladders are really only suitable:

 To enable a person to rise or descend from one working level to another.

 For one person at a time.
 Where the extra load due to materials or tools does not generally exceed the
carrying capacity of one man.
 Where use is likely to be short term, or intermittent only.
 Over moderate distances between levels and at modest heights.
 Where it can be deployed safely and made secure.

Ladders are not suitable for use as bridges over gaps or for bearing heavy loads or
even moderate loads over extended periods. They should not be used to provide for
frequent movement of sizable groups of workmen-such as shifts arriving for work on
sites.

Conventional portable ladders are versatile, general-purpose tools for varied use in
many different situations. Where access from one working level to another must be
provided for numbers of workmen, bulk materials, over an extended period, a more
permanent and specialized structure should be used to provide the appropriate degree
of safety.

25.3 Carrying Ladder

Light steps and single-section ladders can be carried unassisted, horizontally at knee
level.

It is far better for a ladder of any weight (say over 45 lb.) or length to be carried by
two or more men. Particular care should be taken in public places. Pedestrians do not
normally expect the end of a ladder to appear suddenly from a doorway or around a
corner. A polite shouted warning may alert pedestrians who are unaware of the ladder.
Special care should be taken crossing roads. When transporting a ladder on a vehicle
over hangs should not exceed 4 ft and must be marked by clearly distinguishable
warning flags secured to the ends. Red colored flags should be used for this purpose.

A ladder should never be carried vertically where there is a chance that if it fell,
serious injury or damage could result to people or property; the balance is easily lost
and once lost cannot be regained.

25.4 Placing the Ladder

Safe use of ladders depends heavily on correct placement, especially as a ladder is

most likely to slip when the weight on it is near the top.

Workers should observe the following practices when placing ladders:

a. Place a ladder so that the horizontal distance from the base to the vertical plane of
the support is approximately one fourth the ladder length between supports i.e.,
the ladder should be inclined at about 75 degrees to the horizontal.
b. The top of the ladder must be placed at a firm surface not on something which
might give way or cause the top to slip sideways. Gutters, window sashes, doors,
unsecured planks, bales or cartons on shelves are all unsafe as resting points.
c. Ladders used to reach a walking surface or roof must extend at least 36" (92 cm)
above the landing so as to provide a hand-hold, unless other suitable hand holds
are available.
d. Never place a ladder in front of a door that opens toward the ladder unless the
door is locked, blocked or guarded.
e. Do not place a ladder close to electric wiring or against any operational piping
(where damage may be done) or moving machinery.
f. Place a portable ladder so that both side rails have secure footing. Provide solid
footing on soft ground to prevent the ladder from sinking.
g. The ladder feet should be placed on a substantial and level base, not on movable
objects.
h. The ladder should be placed so that it does not lean sideways
i. When used with scaffolding it can be leaned against a truss and tied in.

25.5 Securing a Ladder

a. The security of a ladder depends on correct placing and effective securing

precautions.
b. For short ladders and short periods a man standing at the foot of a ladder is
acceptable as a minimum precaution. However, the surest way of preventing foot
movement is to apply a lashing.
c. A top lashing to both stills is better as this also prevents side movements. This is
 particularly so for ladders over 20 feet long where it becomes difficult to control
sideways movement.
d. Ladders must never be secured by their rungs.
e. Secure both bottom and top to prevent displacement when using a ladder for
access to a scaffold.
f. It is good to have a length (approximately 5 feet) of suitable synthetic rope
permanently clipped or spliced to a stile near each end of a ladder.

25.6 Ascending or Descending Ladders

Everybody should observe the following practices when ascending or descending

ladders:

a. Everyone should be aware of his own height limitations and those who are subject
to giddiness or severe loss of confidence at heights should keep away from
ladders.
b. Never climb a ladder without first looking it over to make sure it is safe.
c. Any loose tools or implements propped against the base of the ladder should be
removed.
d. Ladder should be clean and free from dirt and grease.
e. The climber's boots or shoes should be scraped clean (not on the rungs) and their
grip tested on a low rung.
f. The climber should face the ladder squarely when ascending or descending.
g. Both hands should be used to grasp rungs or stiles, so that in the event of a missed
footing, recovery is possible. Feet should be firmly placed well into the rungs.
h. Light tools may be carried on a tool belt or in a shoulder bag. Heavier tools and
materials hoisted afterwards on a hand line provided a platform is available for
them at working level. Heavy materials are best hoisted using a rope and gin
wheel, or other mechanical lift, separate from the ladder.
i. Eyes should be directed at the working level or above and the temptation to look
downwards should be resisted.
j. Do not climb higher than third rung from the top on straight or extension ladders
or the second tread from the top on stepladders.
k. Never slide down a ladder.

25.7 Working From a Ladder

a. Work that can be done in reasonable safety from ladders is light and of short
duration. At high working levels safety harness should be worn.
b. A workman should reach only as far as he can extend his arm and should not lean
out to one side or backwards. Over reaching leading to over-balancing, is a
common cause of accidents.
c. A workman should not attempt to straddle from the ladder to a nearby foothold.
Nor should he 'push' in the course of his work in any way, which will tend to
move the ladder outwards, unless it is secured.
d. The workman should always remember people or property below and guard
against dropping tools or debris.
e. Spread the feet, bearing outwards against the stiles, in order to obtain best
foothold and stability.
f. Whenever possible place steps at right angles to the work so as to reduce the
 chance of a sideways push upsetting them.

25.8 Other Recommended Practices

a. Do not use make shift ladders, such as cleats fastened across a single rail.
b. Be sure that a stepladder is fully open and the metal spreader locked before
starting to climb it.
c. Never use a defective ladder,
d. Do not splice or lash short ladders together. They are designed for use in their
original lengths.
e. Ladders shall not be used as guys, braces, or skids or for other than their intended
purposes.
f. The user when standing at the base of the ladder should only make adjustment of
extension ladders. Never attempt adjustment while user is standing on the ladder.
g. Keep ladders clean and free from dirt and grease.
h. Check the condition of a ladder that has been dropped or has fallen before it is
used again.

25.9 Storage of Ladders

a. Ladders should be stored where they will not be exposed to the elements.
b. Ladders should be supported horizontally clear of the ground on adequate number
of supports. The preferred storage is on edge on one stile, in racks or on blocks.
Failing this, the ladder can be hung with enough supports to prevent sagging or
warping.
c. The storage racks should be under cover. In the absence of dry indoor storage or
complete cover, ladders should be stored in a sheltered position.
d. Wooden ladders should be stored in a well-ventilated place away from radiators or
hot pipes, which could promote warping.
e. Aluminum alloy ladders should be kept away from wet lime or which can cause
corrosion.

25.10 Maintenance and Repair

a. Repairs should be carried out by skilled personnel only and if it is not possible to
repair a ladder properly it should be scrapped.
b. The efficiency and safety of a ladder depends largely on the stiffness of the joints
between the stiles and rungs and any repairs should ensure that this stiffness is
maintained.
c. Ladders should never be painted but preservation can be obtained by applying
clear varnish or a clear rot-inhibiting compound.
d. Any decayed wood should be removed, which may then mean scrapping the
ladder or shortening it.
e. The cords and hinges of stepladders are vulnerable and sometimes need replacing.
f. On extension ladders, pulleys, ropes and metal parts may need replacing. Pulleys
should be lubricated regularly.
g. Latching hooks should be correctly aligned and free of stress cracks, any suspect
assembly being replaced.

25.11 Extension Ladders

This type of ladder is useful where storage, access or deployment space is too limited
for a long single section ladder.
Extension is carried out in one of the two main ways:

a. Push-Up Type

With the shorter types, mainly in two sections, extension is achieved by pushing up
the top section, which is then held in position by fixed or swiveling latching hooks.
These may be equipped with a safety lock.

b. Rope-and-Pulley Operated

Longer multistage ladders are extended with the aid of a rope and pulley mechanism
while the ladder is being extended. The rope must have a breaking strength of not less
than 560 pounds (254 kg) and must be of sufficient length for the purpose intended.

25.12 Non Slip Bases

It is recommended that all ladders be equipped with slip-resistant bases. Slip-resistant

bases are not intended as a substitute for care in placing, lashing, or holding a ladder
that is being used.

25.13 Fixed Ladders

Fixed ladders may be the only means of access to roofs, pits, silos, towers, chimneys,
tanks, and other limited access areas where the installation of stairs is not feasible.

A fixed ladder may consist of individual rungs, each of which is attached to the
structure. Another common type of ladder has rungs or cleats secured inside rails of
metal and attached, in full length or sections, by fastening devices from the side rails
to the structure e.g. towers and elevated tanks. Ladders with a length of climb of more
than 20 feet must have a cage. The cage must start seven to eight feet above the
ground or the platform landing where the ladder begins.

Some individuals experience a feeling of instability or panic when climbing ladders

and may become dizzy. Some others become frightened and may cling to the ladder
without making any effort to climb further or to depend. Person with such tendencies
must not use fled ladder. Ladder users should be physically capable of the excretion
required.

Continued safe use of fixed ladders is a two-hand job and requires proper climbing
practices at all times. All fixed ladder users must:

a. Report any defects-or deterioration promptly to their supervisors.

b. Check ladder for defects and slippery substances i.e., mud, grease, oil, etc.
c. Never carry tools or materials by hand while climbing; attain the work position,
and raise or lower needed tools and materials by using a handline; small tools may
be carried in a tool pouch.
d. Face the ladder and use both hands to grip throngs or side rails firmly.
e. Place feet firmly on each rung before transferring the full weight of body to each
foot.
f. Climb deliberately without haste; never run up or down a ladder, and never slide
down a ladder.
g. Never jump from a ladder.
h. Keep the ladder clean.

Section 26.0
SCAFFOLDING

All scaffolding installations, use, and dismantling should conform to the approved
standards and requirements by OSHA, the Saudi Aramco Scaffold Safety Handbook
and other approved standards.

During erection or dismantling, Qualified Scaffolding Supervisor must be present to

supervise the activity. All scaffold structures shall bear the safe tag, upon being
approved for use by a certified Scaffold Inspector.

26.1 General safety:

a. Scaffolding shall not be erected without permission of designated area owner.

Following shall be considered before permitting for installation or dismantling of
scaffoldings by permit Issuer/Accepter:

1. Identify and eliminate or minimize potential hazards during scaffolding

activities (erecting, dismantling and using).

Example of potential hazards: Appropriate precautions shall be taken while

erecting, dismantling and working on scaffoldings near hot surfaces
(temperature greater than 70˚C). It is as protection against potential hazards
like fire to scaffolding material, direct contact with hot surfaces by workers,
radiation effect to employees, Surface temperature of the piping shall be given
due considerations as lanyard and drop line made of nylon and polypropylene
drop line may get damaged due to heat.

2. Proper safeguards shall be implemented to protect machines, equipment

suspected to be affected by scaffolding activities, persons involved in
scaffolding activities and other personnel working nearby.

3. Identify and resolve temporary egress/access normal work activity restriction

caused by the scaffolding.

4. Proper evaluation and JSA shall be conducted for any scaffolds to be built
inside confined space with special configuration.

5. Adequate techniques for securing scaffolds in (Curved, Uneven, Sloped etc)

surfaces.
 6. Only those scaffolding that has a signed inspection tag indicating fit for use,
shall be used.

7. Unwanted items should not be kept on the scaffolding platform if scaffolding

is of two tiers, ladders to approach upper work platform shall not be placed on
lower scaffold to avoid its overloading.

8. Frames and accessories for scaffoldings shall be maintained in good condition.

Any broken, bent, excessively rusted, altered or otherwise damaged frames or
accessories shall not be used. Locking devices shall be maintained in good
working condition.

9. Extreme cold temperature service piping shall not be used.

10. Pipes that are supported by other pipes or by pipe hangers, aluminum piping,
conduit, tubing, handrails, or angle iron shall not be used.

11. “Do not use”(Red Tag) tag shall be placed at a prominent visible place (on
access ladders) during scaffolding construction.

12. Scaffolders shall use full body harness (with Double lanyard) while erecting or
dismantling scaffoldings.

13. “Ready for Use” (Green Tag) tag shall be removed, and “Do not use” TAG
shall be installed for any modification to be carried out on the scaffolding.

14. Scaffoldings shall not be moved or altered while in use or occupied.

15. Scaffolding shall not be used/constructed/erected in case of storm or high

wind speed in excess of 40 miles per hour (65 km/hr).

16. Warning flags: Red flags should be used and installed in visible during
daytime and explosion-proof red lights at night as a warning when
scaffoldings are erected on roads or walks.

17. Scaffolding materials shall not be thrown or dropped from heights.

b. INSPECTION:
b1. Initial Inspection
1. Sadaf shall have one designated scaffold inspection area to inspect the new
scaffold material prior to entering Sadaf site.
2. New scaffolding materials should be inspected and marked (accepted/
rejected) at scaffold inspection area prior to entering SADAF site by
SADAF scaffold inspector (contracts and services section) along with
contractor scaffolding supervisor utilizing the inventory list of all material.

b2. Field Inspection

1. Scaffolding accessories shall be maintained in good condition. Any
broken, bent, excessively rusted, altered or otherwise damaged frames or
 accessories shall not be used and returned back to staging area. Locking
devices shall be maintained in good working condition.
2. Sadaf shall not have more than 2 scaffold staging areas in the main plant
and one in salt plant for staging purpose.
3. A Qualified Person must inspect all material on each occasion before it is
used for any scaffold. After construction and after modification to the
existing scaffolding, the inspection tag “ready for use” shall be signed and
installed on the access ladder of the scaffolding.
4. Scaffolds frames should be constructed of metal materials of known
strength characteristics and shall be capable of supporting at least four
times the maximum intended load.
5. Design for scaffoldings standing over 37 meters height shall be prepared,
reviewed and approved by scaffolding qualified engineer.
6. If a Scaffold has to be modified in any way, it is to be done so under the
direction of a "Qualified Person" and re-certified for use.
7. Scaffold shall be dismantled when the required job is completed and
closed in the SAP system.
8. All equipment components that are not marked with the color for the time
period will be inspected and color-coded prior to installation. Inspection
will include, but not limited to:
a. A rod will be pushed through tubular components to remove any
material that may be present.
b. The leg components will be inspected thoroughly to ensure corrosion
has not affected structural integrity.
c. Contractor should use the scaffold verification checklist before
installing green tag.
9. If scaffolding needs to be used for more than a week, it shall be re-
inspected by a competent person every week and a new tag shall be
displayed after rectifying the discrepancy, if any.
10. Main points to be checked are as follows:
11. Standards pitched on base plated and adequate timber sole plates.
Correctly aligned and not damaged or displaced.
12. No undue deflection of ledgers.
13. Adequate and effective Ties and Braces.
14. Correct type of Couplers in use and properly tightened.
15. Sound, closely laid and properly supported Planks.
16. Guardrails and Toe boards are installed.
17. Ladders are in good condition, properly supported and secured.
18. No evidence of chemical deposits or obvious deformities on all metal
parts, periodic examination of welds for cracks or unused discoloration.
b3. Semi-Annual Inspection :
 1. Complete inspection of all scaffold components is to be performed every
six months. The scaffolding Supervisor who is responsible for scaffolding
is required to ensure that components are inspected in accordance with this
section prior to installing in the scaffold. Identifying colors will be used
for material to indicate completed, By providing an inventory list having
the quantities of all scaffold components as follows:
a. Inspection periods will be January 01 through June 30 and July 01
through December 31.

c. Scaffolding Erection And Dismantling

1. Standards shall be pitched on 15 cm x 15 cm steel base plates. Joints in

standards should be staggered, i.e., joints in adjacent standards should not
occur in the same lift. All standards shall be vertical.
2. Runners shall be erected along the length of the scaffolding at even height.
Runners shall be interlocked to form continuous lengths and coupled to each
post. Runners shall be placed not more than 2 m on centers.
3. Scaffoldings shall be properly braced by cross and/or diagonal bracing to
square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffolding retains
plumb, square, and maintains rigid alignment. Where the height or length of
the scaffolding exceeds 7.5 meters, the scaffolding shall be securely tied to a
structure at intervals not greater than 7.5 meters.
4. Bearers shall be installed transversely between posts and shall be securely
coupled to the post bearing on the runner coupler.
5. Cross and longitudinal bracing shall be provided.
6. Posts, ledgers and bearers shall be connected in accordance with one of the
following fastening method:
a. Captive wedge system.
b. Quick fix system.
c. Cup lock system.
7. Locking pin type system shall not be used.
8. Posts shall be accurately spaced, erected on suitable bases to prevent swaying
and displacement, and maintained plumb at all times.
9. Clearance for scaffoldings erected over or near railroads shall have a 2.50
meters horizontal clearance and 7 meters vertical clearance.
10. Clearance between electrical power lines and the scaffolds shall be in
accordance with the following:

Voltage Clearance
< 300 volts (Insulated lines) 1 meter (3 feet)
300 volts to 50 KV (un-insulated lines 3 meters (10 feet)
<50 KV (un-insulated lines) 3 meters (10 feet)
> 50 KV (insulated lines) 3 meters (10 feet)
More than50 KV 3 meters (10 feet) + 10 CM (4
(insulated lines) or (un-insulated lines) inches) for each 1 KV over 50 KV

11. Foundations for scaffoldings

 Foundations shall be in accordance with the following requirements:
1. All scaffoldings shall be erected on a firm foundation. Scaffoldings can
normally be built directly on concrete. Scaffoldings built on asphalt
require a base plate, plywood or a plank to spread the load. All
scaffoldings built on shell or firm soil shall have plywood pads or planking
under the supporting legs.
2. Bases of the scaffold shall be at least 1.5 times the depth of excavation
away from edges of excavation (including trenches), unless adequate
precautions are taken to prevent collapse of the excavation and ensure
integrity of scaffold foundation.
3. Screw jacks shall be used to level scaffoldings. Make-shift shims of blocks
of wood, bricks, or concrete shall not be permitted.
4. The footing or anchorage for scaffolding shall be capable of supporting the
maximum intended load without settlement or displacement.
5. Timber sole plates should be at least 23 cm wide by 3.8 cm thick (not
scaffolding planks).
6. Where scaffolding is erected on solid bearing such as rock or concrete,
small timber pads should be used in place of sole plates to prevent the base
plates striking off.
7. Concrete block, barrels and other base or unsuitable materials shall not be
used for the construction or support of scaffolding.

12. Guardrails and Toe boards

1. Guardrails and toe boards shall meet following requirement:

2. Guardrails and Toe boards shall be installed for work at more than 1.8
meters height to prevent falling of material/personnel.
3. Guardrails shall not be less than 0.9 meters or more than 1meter high.
Mid-rail shall also be installed.
4. Toe boards 2.5 cm x 10 cm lumber shall be installed at all open sides on
all scaffoldings more than 3 meters above the ground or floor. Toe boards
shall be a minimum of 10 cm in height.

13. Ties

Ties shall be in accordance with following requirements:

a. Scaffoldings, (with the exception of certain tower and mobile
scaffoldings), be securely tied to the building or structure throughout
their length and height to prevent movement of the scaffolding either
towards or away from the building or structure.This should be done by
connecting a tie tube to both ledgers and standards and coupling to a
tie or column box tie assembly. Tubes should be securely wedged
between opposing surfaces on the building or structure by the use of
reveal pins, and coupled to the tie tubes. Where reveal ties are used,
they shall not exceed 50% of the total number of ties. Two-way ties or
column box ties shall be evenly distributed over the scaffolding area.
To ensure the security of reveal ties, it is necessary to check frequently
for tightness.
 b. Ties shall occur at least every 4 meters vertically. All tie assembly
connections shall be made with 90 degree load bearing couplers.
c. The scaffolding shall be tied up and securely braced against the
building at intervals not to exceed 9 meters horizontally and 7.8 meters
vertically.

14. Planking and Decking

1. Planking and decking shall be in accordance with following requirements:

a. All planking shall be Scaffolding Grade as recognized by grading of
species of wood. The maximum spans for 5 cm x 23 cm or wider
planks are as follows:

Full Thickness Nomina

Undressed Lumber Thickness
Lumber

Working Load (PSF) 25 50 75 25 50

Permissible Span (m) 3 2 2 2 2

b. Metallic planking of approved grade and specification shall be used.

While using metallic planking, special considerations shall be given to
electrical hazards, in case live cables or equipments are located nearby
the scaffold.
c. All planking or platform shall be overlapped as a minimum 0.3 meters
or secured from movement.
d. Scaffolding planks shall extend over their end supports not less than 15
cm. and more than 46 cm. Scaffolding planking shall be cleated at each
end. Nails or bolts used for cleating shall be sufficient and adequate
size to provide secure banding of the cleat. Nails shall not be subjected
to a straight pull and shall be driven full length.
e. Planks shall not be painted or treated in any way that would conceal
defects.
f. Planks that are split, decayed, or warped shall not be used, but the parts
affected should be cut off to produce shorter planks with the ends
banded or bolted through.
g. Scaffolding planks shall not be used for shuttering for concrete,
shoring for trenches, or as sole plates for scaffolding.
2. All decking shall be a minimum of 2 cm construction grade plywood,
clean and free of obvious defects such as cracks, knotholes, etc., and
uncontaminated with chemicals, paint, concrete or other substances that
may weaken the plywood.
3. Plywood decking should be used to span an opening up to maximum width
of 60 cm. The decking shall extend the full width of standard scaffolding
planking 5 cm x 23 cm minimum, which shall be used for support.
4. The decking shall be nailed in place. Nails shall be driven full length.
 5. Decking shall be kept free of unnecessary obstructions, materials, and
projecting nails.
6. Decking which has become slippery with oil or any other substance shall
be sanded, cleaned, or otherwise treated as soon as possible.
7. Slopes in decking shall not exceed 1 vertical to 4 horizontal and stepping
cleats at 0.3 meters intervals shall be provided.
8. All decking shall be closed planked for the full width of the scaffolding
structure and shall never be less than three 23 cm planks in width.

15. Access Ladders for Scaffoldings

Access ladders shall be in accordance with following requirements:

a. Ladders shall be structurally sound with no sharp edges, burrs, etc.
Ladder shall be in accordance with the requirements of section 4.6 of
this standard.
b. Metal or wet ladders shall not be used near electrical equipment or
while using electrical tools.
c. All scaffoldings shall be equipped with access ladders of sufficient
strength to meet the requirements.
d. Access ladders shall not exceed 6 meters in length with the minimum
width between side rails 0.3 meters. Rungs shall be 0.3 meters on
center and shall be knurled, dimples, corrugated or treated to reduce
slippage. Rungs shall be parallel and level when in position for use.
e. Rungs shall be able to withstand a working load of 200 pounds.
f. Access ladders shall be installed with secure footings and shall be
secured within 0.6 meters of the top and 0.6 meters of the bottom.
Ladders longer than 3 meters will require additional securing at mid-
point or as close to mid-point as practical. Material used in securing
ladders shall be of sufficient strength for intended use. Ladders shall
not be fastened together to provide longer sections and shall not be
used for bracing, skid, guy pole or any use other than for which
intended.
g. Openings on working platforms to access the ladder shall be
appropriately barricaded to avoid the fall hazards.
h. Access ladders shall be maintained in good condition at all times and
inspected prior to each use. Ladders shall be kept clean of oil and
grease. Ladders with bent rungs or side rails or excessive deflection
shall be taken out of service.

16. Mobile Scaffoldings

Mobile scaffolds shall be in accordance with following requirements:

a. In certain cases, small tower scaffoldings shall be fitted with casters
with interlocking mechanism to facilitate mobility. They shall be used
on hard level surfaces and not on sand or gravel.
b. Casters are always locked when the scaffolding is in use. Wheels or
casters, not less than 13 cm diameter, and fitted with brakes which
cannot be released accidentally, shall be securely fixed to the bases of
the standards.
 c. No person, tools, or equipment shall remain on the scaffolding when it
is being moved.
d. Adequate clearance from overhead pipe lines and electrical cables (in
accordance to Section 4.7.25 of this Sub-element)shall be maintained
while scaffolds are moved from one place to another.
e. Access ladder shall be provided from outside part of the mobile
scaffolding.

17. Suspended Scaffoldings

Suspended scaffolds shall be in accordance with following requirements:

a. For work in pipe racks, suspended scaffoldings may be hung from the
structural steelwork.
b. Normal rules of planking and handrails shall apply and the scaffolding
shall be secured against movement.

18. Hop-up Scaffoldings

Hop-up scaffolds shall be in accordance with following requirements:

a. Shall not be more than 3 meters high.
b. Shall be fully planked and, where necessary ladder access. Shall be
supplied.

19. Trestle Platforms

Trestle platforms shall be in accordance with following requirements:

a. Shall not be more than 1.5 meters high.
b. The trestles shall be properly constructed of timber or metal.
c. The trestles shall be more than 3 meters apart and the planks not less
than 50 cm wide.

Section 27.0
CRANES AND RIGGING EQUIPMENT

All cranes and lifting equipment, including hired cranes shall comply with applicable
procedures on safe cranes and lifting.

27.1 General Safety Guidelines

a. Crane operator shall possess a valid Saudi Govt. (SAG) license and must have
been trained for the equipment he is operating.
b. Crane shall be operated only on a firm and level ground, and mats shall be used as
necessary.
c. The crane operator shall act on the signals of one man only. The signaler shall be-
easily recognized and use the approved standard signals.
d. The swing radius of all cranes shall be barricaded to prevent persons from
entering this area.
e. The load on a crane shall never exceed the safe working load (SWL) specified by
the manufacturer of the crane.
f. The load shall be free to move before lifting and will be kept clear of all
obstructions.
g. It shall be made sure that there are no loose tools or materials riding on the load.
h. It shall be ensured that chains, hooks, slings, cables and ropes are strong enough
to cany the load. Splicing or shortening chains with bolts, knots, or with any other
means will not be allowed.
i. Packing or padding shall be used to protect slings and wire ropes from damage by
sharp edges.
j. Loads should be lifted vertically; the load should never be dragged or pulled
sideways.
k. Suitable tag lines should be used to control all loads.
1. Before lifting, the load should be "floated few inches above the ground to ensure
that the rigging is satisfactory and to check the stability of the crane.
m. Crane outriggers should be fully extended and heavy wooden mats or metal sheets
shall be installed under outrigger floats to spread the load where ground condition
is unstable or suspicious.
n. Operator should not be allowed to leave the controls of the crane while a load is
suspended.
o. All cranes should be inspected prior to use. All deficiencies should be corrected
before the equipment will be used.
p. Damaged and worn lifting tackles, hooks, rings, eye bolts, chains, and wire or
fiber ropes and slings shall be immediately removed from service.
q. Crane hooks should be fitted with spring loaded safety latches.
r. All limit switches fitted for the safe operation of crane or hoist should be in good
working order.
s. Where men have to be lifted by crane, an approved man lift cradle or basket shall
be used. Tagline should be used to control movement of cradle.
t. Personnel riding in the lifting cradle should tie off their safety belts or harness to
an independent lifeline tied to the hook block.
u. A crane should not be maneuvered on site without an attendant whenever the
operator's line of vision is obstructed.
v. A multipurpose portable fire extinguisher should be placed in the cab of each
crane.

27.2 Heavy Lifting

Heavy lifts and or critical lifts will be carried out with a duly prepared and approved
rigging plan and shall ensure that the actual lifting is being carried out according to
the plan. The lifting plan shall consist of relevant drawings, illustrating positioning of
cranes, details of rigging equipment, tackles, load, boom length, operating radius,
ground condition and other relevant data necessary for a safe lifting.

All heavy lifting plans shall meet the approval of Owner/Contractor representatives.

Section 28.0
MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT

All mechanical equipment at site shall be maintained in good operating condition and
shall meet the approval of Owner/Contractor representative as to its safe operability
prior to acceptance.

Section 29.0
EXCAVATIONS

All site excavations and trenches shall be accomplished in accordance with the
OSHA 29 CFR 1926 or any approved and applicable industry standards in excavation.

29.1 Safety Measures

a. A work permit must be obtained from the appropriate supervisor before

excavation work is started in any place where the presence of obstructions is
known or suspected.
b. Whenever the presence of underground pipes, cables, vessels on.structures is
known or suspected, mechanical excavators shall not be used until all such
obstructions have been exposed by hand digging. Mechanical excavators shall not
be used within 10 ft. of any such obstruction.
c. Contents of buried tanks and piping should be indicated on the location markings.
If the contents are flammable or toxic, proper protective equipment should be
readily available in case of rupture.
d. Whenever an excavation must be made within or adjacent to a building and lower
than wall or column footings and machinery or equipment foundations, a thorough
study should be done to determine the amount and strength of shoring required
before work on excavation is begun.
e. As soon as excavation reaches a depth, where men working in it would possibly
be buried or trapped in the event of a collapse of the sides, suitable shoring shall
be installed or the sides sloped back to a safe angle. The safe alternative trenching
techniques is battering the sides, i.e. cutting the sides of the excavation back from
the vertical to such a degree that fall of earth is prevented.
f. All materials used for shoring must be inspected before use and any material
found defective must not be used. Timbering and sheeting must only be erected,
altered or dismantled under competent supervision and whenever practicable by
experienced operatives. All timbering and sheeting must be properly constructed
and maintained in good order. If there is risk of flooding in any excavation,
ladders or other means of escape must be provided.
g. Where any existing building or structure, trees or utility poles is likely to be
affected by excavation work in the vicinity, shoring or other support must be
provided to prevent collapse of the building or structure.
h. As the width of the trench increases, the cross braces or struts must be increased in
cross section to maintain the necessary rigidity.
I. Safe access must be provided into all excavations by means of ladders, stairs or
ramps. Ladders should be placed at an angle of 75 degrees, extending at least 3 ft.
above the stepping off point, and of more than 10 ft. in length, be securely fixed.
j. Close planked bridges or walkways with standard guardrails shall be provided
over the excavations or trenches.
k. Excavations, shafts or pits near which men work or pass-must be protected at the
edge by guardrails or barriers or must be securely covered. Guardrails, barriers or
covers may be temporarily moved for access or for movement of plant or
materials but must be replaced as quickly as possible. Notices and warning lights
 will also be required if the excavations are accessible to the public.
1. Men shall not be permitted to work in any place where they could be struck by
any part of a mechanical excavator.
m. On sites where mobile machinery such as tippers, diggers, rough terrain trucks,
etc., are used, the operators should be fully aware of the stability of their
machinery and of the maximum slope on which they can be safely used. Particular
attention should be paid to the condition of the ground and whether it is capable of
bearing the vehicle weight.
n. Where spoil is removed by machine, special precautions are necessary. The
machine should be kept level to prevent undercutting the trench walls. Shoring
should be kept as close as practicable to the machine, and it should be accessible.
If the set up is improperly arranged, the hoist or bucket may strike the bracing and
result in damage. In mechanically excavated trenches, all connections should be
bolted.
o. The excavated materials should be placed or retained at least 2 feet or more from
the edge of the excavations in order to provide a safe footing at the edge and to
prevent the materials falling into the excavation.
p. All parts of an excavation including the shoring shall be inspected everyday to
ensure that there is no danger of collapse.
q. Where an internal combustion engine is used in an excavation, special precautions
must be taken to ensure that exhaust gases are discharged so as not to be a hazard
to men working in the excavation.
r. When dismantling shoring, cross bracing should be removed cautiously, and back
fill kept as close to the dismantling operation as possible. Dismantling should be
done more systematically from the bottom upward, either by having braces pulled
out from above with lifting tackle or by introducing screw jacks or hydraulic jacks
that will take up the strain of wedged timber cross braces, making removal easy.
s. The strain on the jacks should then be released very slowly, taking into account
the condition of the sidewalls (back filling should carefully follow the removal of
shoring).

29.2 Personal Protection

a. Workmen should not work too closely together, in order to minimize the danger of
being struck by tools or materials being handled by other men. A 12-foot spacing
is recommended.
b. Workers should wear helmets, protective footwear and other required personal
protective devices.

29.3 Risks of Toxic and Flammable Gases

The risks of flammable, toxic and asphyxiating gases from various sources entering
and accumulating in excavations need to be assessed. LPG and acetylene could enter
from cutting, welding or heating equipment used in or near an excavation. Carbon
dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and occasionally methane are sometimes found in the
ground or in underground water and seep into an excavation.
The atmosphere in the excavation must be gas-tested prior to start of the work and at
regular intervals as required.

Adequate ventilation must be maintained to keep the atmosphere well below toxic or
explosive concentrations. The oxygen content must be maintained between 19% and 2
1%.

29.4 Formwork

All formworks shall meet the approval of Owner/Contractor representatives especially

when using timber support structure.

29.5 Rebar Caps

The requirement to provide protected cover of all protruding rebar, whether horizontal
or vertical or stakes shall be observed at site using the approved rebar caps or any
acceptable alternatives.

Section 30.0
HOUSEKEEPING

Site housekeeping shall be maintained by proper collection and disposal of

construction debris and other wastes materials on regular basis.

a. Working areas, passageways, stairways or platform shall be kept free of

unnecessary- materials and debris. Small tools, nuts and bolts, fittings or any other
similar loose materials will be kept in suitable containers.
b. Electrical cables and welding hoses shall be arranged so they could not cause
tripping hazards. They shall be thoroughly inspected on a regular basis for wear
and tear.
c. Personal equipment and belongings will be stored neatly in a proper bin or shelf.
d. Spilled liquids will be cleaned up immediately.
e. Employees will be instructed to deposit all trash, scrap and rubbish materials in
the trash containers. Closed bins for waste food will be placed on specific
designated location. Oily wastes or rags will be disposed in separate covered
metal containers.
f. Nails in scrap lumbers will be pulled out or bent over. Usable materials will be
stored in a designated location and scrap items shall be disposed off site.
g. Toilets, washing facilities and drinking water facilities will be maintained in a
clean, neat and sanitary condition.
h. Open holes and gaps into which persons could fall shall be fenced off or securely
covered.
i. No excess materials will be kept at work places that could distract free movements
of personnel and equipment.
g. Waste oils will not be discharged unto the ground but shall be removed from the
site. Solid waste and construction debris shall be disposed to a designated
dumping area off site.
k. Each foreman or supervisor shall be responsible for housekeeping in the
respective work area.
Section 31.0
WASTE MANAGEMENT

Management of wastewater and solid waste at project site should conform to the
Applicable procedures in the kingdom, such as:

 RC Jubail Procedure for Environmental Impact Assessment and the Criteria

for Discharge to the Environment
 Meteorology & Environmental Protection Administration (MEPA)
Environmental Protection Standards
 Others, as maybe applicable.

31.1 Waste Water Management

Disposal of domestic or sanitary wastewater and industrial wastewater like those used
in hydro testing should conform to the Company requirements or to the applicable
standards set out by the MEPA.

31.2 Solid Waste Management

Collection and disposal of solid waste at site should conform to the requirements set
forth by the Company and the applicable standards.
Normal solid waste generated at site mostly consists of construction debris generally
classified as Class 2 and Class 3.
Collection and disposal of solid waste wastes shall be accomplished by means of
garbage collection and trucking technique for disposal to approved municipal
landfills.

3 1.3 Spill Contingency Plan

Site spill contingency measures shall be confined only to small quantity and
controllable amount of engine or equipment lubricants used. The provision of
approved storages and containment measures is part of the plan, including the
monitoring and inspection procedures.

31.4 Air Pollution Control

It is ensured that all vehicles and mobile equipment used at site have passed the Saudi
Government program on Motor Vehicle Preventive Inspection (MVPI) and the
requirements set forth by the Standardization & Metrology Organization for Gulf
Cooperation Council (GCC) Country Standards.

In addition, regular maintenance check up shall be performed by the driver or the

maintenance department.

31.5 Dust Control

Control of nuisance dust at project site shall be in accordance with the most practical
and approved applications that may include the following:
  Periodic and controlled spraying of bare surfaces with water.
 Proper maintenance of road surfaces.
 Regular maintenance of equipment and vehicles to maintain the quality of
exhaust gases.
 Proper ventilation, if necessary.
 Approved compaction technique of surfaces.
 Others

Water spraying shall be accomplished by means of a pressure type distributor system

of spray nozzles to ensure uniform application of water whilst volume shall be
controlled to minimize the surface runoff and avoid the wash off effect of sediments.

31.6 Noise Control

Noise control should conform to the provision of OSHA standards as prescribed in 29

CFR 1926.52, Occupational Noise Exposure.

This program shall include the following activities:

 Noise Prevention-To provide noise screening, as necessary for condition with

significant increase of noise level to the nearest facility.
 Noise Monitoring-Monitor the ambient noise level and noise generated from
equipment and nearby sources.
 Personal Protection-Provide the necessary ear protective equipment if noise
level exceeds the threshold limit value of 90dcB for 8-hours continuous
exposure.

Section 32.0
OFFICE SAFETY

The office safety should conform to the AL-BATIN ADVANCED CONTRACTING

CO.LTD. procedure.

32.1 General Office Safety Guidelines

 Be sure the pathway is clear before you walk.

 Close drawers completely after every use.
 Avoid excessive bending, twisting, and leaning backward while seated.
 Secure electrical cords and wires away from Walkways.
 Avoid using defective, frayed, or non approved electrical cords.
 Disconnect electrical machines before cleaning and adjusting.
 Always use a stepladder for overhead reaching.
 Chairs should never be used as ladders.
 Clean up spills immediately.
 Observe good housekeeping in the office.
 Report loose carpeting or damaged flooring.
 Never carry anything that obscures your vision.
 Wear stable shoes with non-slip soles.
 Fire equipment, extinguishers, fire door exits, and sprinkler heads
 should remain unobstructed