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Study Guide in (MT 101 Multimedia Technologies) Module No. 5

STUDY GUIDE FOR MODULE NO. 5

IMAGE EDITING

MODULE OVERVIEW

This module aims to provide an overview of how to use and access the variety of tools used in digital image
editing using Photoshop. It will also include links on further descriptions and technical functionalities of tools
presented in this module.

MODULE LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of this module you should be able to:

▪ Understand the different tools use in image editing
▪ Learn the uses of filters and presets
▪ Understand the application’s various panels and adjustments for images

LEARNING CONTENT

UNIT 1: Tools

When you start working with Photoshop, the first thing you have to do is to understand the uses of the
different tools in the application that will allow you to manipulate the image and objects in your canvas.
Listed in this section are the different tools in their respective category.

Selection tools

1. Marquee tools
− Make rectangular, elliptical, single row, and single column selections

2. Move tool
− Moves selections, objects, layers and guides

3. Lasso tools
− Makes freehand, polygonal, and magnetic selections

4. Quick selection tools

− Use to quickly paint a selection

5. Magic wand tool

− Tool use to create selections of the same color or pixel

Crop and slice tools

1. Crop tool
− Trims images

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2. Slice tool
− Creates slices that when saved generates sliced images. It is also use to add hyperlinks to
objects

3. Slice select tool

− Selects slices

Retouching tools

1. Spot healing brush

− Used in image retouching to remove blemishes and dusts

2. Healing brush
− Samples a pattern to repair imperfections in an image or remove blemishes

3. Patch tool
− Repairs imperfections in selected area using a sampled pattern

4. Red eye tool

− Removes the red reflection caused by the flash

5. Clone stamp tool

− Paints an area based on sample of an image

6. Pattern stamp tool

− Paints with part of an image as pattern

7. Eraser tool
− Erases pixels

8. Background eraser tool

− Erases areas to transparency by dragging

9. Magic eraser tool

− Erases solid-colored areas to transparency with a single click

10. Blur tool

− Blurs hard edges in an image

11. Sharpen tool

− Sharpens soft edges of an image

12. Smudge tool

− Creates a smudge effect when dragged in an image

13. Dodge tool

− Lightens areas in an image

14. Burn tool

− Darkens areas in an image

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15. Sponge tool

− Changes the saturation of an image

Painting tools

1. The brush tool

− Paints brush strokes with different sizes and styles

2. Pencil tool
− Paints hard edged strokes

3. Color replacement tool

− Replaces a selected color with a new color

4. Mixer brush tool

− Simulates realistic painting techniques such as blending canvas colors

5. History brush tool

− Paints a copy of the selected state or snapshots into the current image

6. Art history brush tool

− Paints with stylized strokes that simulate the look of different paint styles

7. Gradient tool
− Creates a multiple blends of color in a radial, angle, straight, reflected or diamond style

8. Paint bucket tool

− Fills a selection or area with the foreground color

Drawing and type tool

1. Path selection tool

− Selects anchor points of a path for creating adjustments

2. Type tool
− Allows the use of text to create words, and sentences

3. Type mask tools

− Create a selection in the shape of character or text

4. Pen tools
− Use to draw paths and customized selection

5. Shape tools and line tool

− Tools use to draw rectangles, circles, lines, and other shapes

6. Custom shape tool

− Use for inserting monochrome vector shapes

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Navigation, notes, and measuring tools gallery

1. Hand tool
− Use to navigate to different areas of an image

2. Rotate view tool

− Use to rotate the entire canvas in clockwise and counter clockwise direction

3. Zoom tool
− Allows user to focus to portion of an image

4. Note tool
− Creates a written message that can be placed in the canvas or attached to an image

5. Eyedropper tool
− Samples color in an image

6. Color sampler tool

− Display the RGB or CMYK values of 4 sampled colors

7. Ruler tool
− It measures distances, location, angle, height and width of an object or area in the canvas

Figure 1.1: Tools in Photoshop

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UNIT 2: Essential operations

The content in this unit includes the essential operations to get you started in digital image editing. This
section also introduces how to go around with the interface and make use of functionalities under the
different panels in Photoshop.

1. Opening a file

Go to File > Open or CTRL + O

2. Creating a new canvas

Go to File > New or CTRL + N

3. Setting up canvas size

Go to File > New + set up the canvas size by entering the desired width, height, measurement and
resolution

*resolution is the number of pixel per inch (ppi) or per unit of measurement
*Resolution is the fineness of detail in a bitmap image

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4. Zoom-in and out

a. Method 1: Using short keys CTRL + plus sign (+) to zoom-in and CTRL + minus sign (-) to
zoom-out
b. Method 2: Using the zoom tool

5. Place an image

Go to File > Place

6. Step backward (undo changes)

Go to Edit > Step Backward or CTRL + ALT + Z

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7. Reset Workspace

Go to Window > Workspace > Reset Essentials

8. Viewing the layers panel (when missing)

Go to Window > Layers or Press F7 on keyboard

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9. Creating a new layer

Go to Layers Panel > Click “Create a new layer” button

10. Renaming a layer

Double-click on the layer name and rename

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11. Deleting a layer

Click a layer then drag to trash or click a layer + press the DEL key

12. Add a layer mask (this is use to hide portions of an image without erasing it)

Setting up the layer:

Select a layer + click “Layer Mask”

*the white thumbnail is the layer mask

*if the layer mask is white, brush color must be “black”

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Setting up the brush:

Click on “Brush tool” + select a brush and set the size + click on the foreground color + select color
“black”

*Add transparency to brush strokes by adjusting the opacity

13. Adding transparency to objects

a. Draw an object using the rectangle tool + Go to layers panel + modify values in the opacity
setting
b. To draw a rectangle (or any shape) you just need to click + drag

*always click on the desired layer first before adjusting the opacity

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14. Auto-select layers or groups

Click the move tool + Go to option bar + check “auto-select” + select “group” or “layer” in the
drop-down list box

15. Group layers

Select multiple layers using ALT or CTRL and press CTRL + G (or go to Layer > Group Layers)

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16. Change color of objects or shapes

a. Method 1: Double-click on the thumbnail + select color from the dialogue box

b. Method 2: Right-click > Blending Options > Color Overlay (click the label not the checkbox) >
select a color

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17. Insert image inside a container (a shape)

Set the image layer at the top of the shape layer + hover cursor at the line of the two layers (an
arrow should appear) and click

*img 2 is inside the Polygon 1 layer

*The checkerboard background mean that it is transparent

18. Hide and lock layers

Hide and unhide layer:

Select a layer + click on the “eye” symbol

Lock and unlock a layer:

Select a layer + click on the “lock” icon

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19. Saving the file

Go to File > Save/Save As > Select a format: PSD – Photoshop format that saves layers; PNG – Image
format that retains transparency

20. Making a selection

Using a marquee tool: Click + Drag + Press DEL key to delete selection

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*unlock the layer to apply changes

*to deselect the selection: CTRL + D
*image is from www.wilton.com

Using the pen tool:

Set the pen tool:

Select the pen tool > Go to Option Bar > Find Shape/Path drop-down list box > Set the drop-down list
box option to “Path”

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Drawing the path:

Click a 1st point then click another 2nd point and drag to a desired curved

*from left to right: the blue box is the 1st point; the green box is the 2nd point and followed by other points to form a path
*the orange box is the curved path (drag mouse to curved)

Closing the path (made by the pen tool):

Continue the path by creating points until it reaches the 1st point you have created. A circle will
appear on the pen tool that indicates a final connecting line is needed to close the path

*click to close the path

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21. Deselect a selection

To remove the running lines in the canvas that indicates something is currently selected: Go to
Select > Deselect or CTRL + D

22. Adding guides (blue line) in your canvas

View the ruler (Go to View > Ruler) + Click on the ruler + then drag

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23. Adding text, apply kerning, tracking and other character spacing

a. Use the Type tool to add text

b. Refer to the option bar to change the font, style, size, and alignment

*CTRL + A to select all the text or you may just select text using

c. Draw a text box to effectively align text: Click + drag

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d. Other alignment is in the “paragraph” panel (Window > Paragraph)

e. Other alignment is in the “paragraph” panel (Window > Paragraph)

*set tracking for selected characters

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f. Adjusting the line spacing or leading

g. Set kerning

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24. Apply gradient to objects

Draw a shape > right-click > blending option > gradient overlay > click the gradient bar > select color
stop > click “color” > pick a color in the color picker dialogue box

25. Modify canvas (where objects are placed) and image size (objects and the canvas will be resize)

Go to “Image” > Image size/Canvas Size (Shortcut keys are ALT + CTRL + I or ALT + CTRL + C)

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26. Modify units of measurement (inches, centimetres, pixels, and others)

Go to Edit > Preferences > Units and Rules

27. Working with layers

Each object in the illustration below has its own layer. Drag the layer to arrange which object will be
in front and which object will be assigned at the back.

*the “Ellipse 1” layer is at the bottom of the arrangement that sets the green circle behind the blue circle

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28. Merging layers

Select all layers of your choice + right-click + merge layers

29. Rasterizing layers (to convert it to editable format)

Select a layer + right-click + rasterize layer

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30. Path operations in shapes

Draw your first shape + click Path operations in the Option bar + select a path operation and draw
the second shape

We have 4 common path operations when working with shapes

1. Combine Shapes
2. Subtract Front Shape
3. Intersect Shape Areas
4. Exclude Overlapping Shapes

Combine Shapes

1st shape

2nd shape

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Subtract Front Shape

1st shape

2nd shape

Intersect Shape Areas

1st shape

2nd shape

Exclude Overlapping Shapes

1st shape nd
2 shape

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31. Using the Gaussian blur filter

Select a layer + Filter + Gaussian Blur + Set value

32. Using the Motion blur filter (commonly use to exaggerate lights – see recording in Teams)

Select a layer + Filter + Gaussian Blur + Set distance and angle

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33. Transforming objects (use resize objects)

Select a layer + CTRL + T or select a layer > Edit > Free Transform Path

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Transform submenu commands

To access the transform submenu select a layer + CTRL + T

a. Scale
Enlarges or reduces an object. It enables you to scale horizontally and vertically by dragging the
nodes/points in the selection

b. Rotate
Rotate turns an item around a reference point that is by default located at center of the object

*the yellow marker is the reference point where the object rotates
*the green marker is the cursor

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c. Skew
Slants an object vertically and horizontally

*the yellow marker is the cursor for skew

*the blue marker is the point being dragged

d. Distort
Stretches an object by dragging multiple points

*the blue markers are the points that have been stretched or modified

e. Perspective
Applies to one‑point perspective to an object to add depth and distance

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f. Warp
Manipulates the shape of an item by the stretching multiple points

g. Rotate 180, Rotate 90 CW, Rotate 90 CCW

Rotates an object either clockwise or counter-clockwise in a specified degree

h. Flip
Flips the object vertically or horizontally

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34. Creating a broken line (using the brush tool)

Use the Brush Tool > select size > go to Window > Brush > Click “Brush Tip Shape” > Go to “Spacing”
> use the slider to assign spacing

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35. Modifying default keyboard shortcuts

Go to Edit > Keyboard Shortcuts

36. Levels and curves to adjust brightness

Go to Image > Adjustments > Levels/Curves (CTRL + L for Levels and CTRL + M for Curves)

*image is from www.fineartamerica.com

*Levels is use to correct the tonal range and color balance of an image
*The 3 stoppers are for adjusting the image shadows, midtones, and highlights.

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*The curve adjustment is use to alter tone, color, and contrast of a particular area
*The curve adjustment allows the modification of the blacks, shadows, midtones, highlights and whites

37. Changing the color mode

Go to Image > Mode > select a color mode

*CMYK is the color mode for creating designs for prints

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38. Load brushes

Download a brush preset (abr file) from a website > extract the archived file and save > Go to Brush
> Click the brush picker option in the Option bar > Click the gear icon > Load brushes > Select the abr
file to be loaded

Download a brush and extract the file

Loading the brush in the application

*A dialogue box will open asking you to select the ABR file to be uploaded

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Examples of brushes in Photoshop that can be downloaded

39. Rounded rectangles

Select the Rounded Rectangle Tool in the Toolbox > Set value to radius + draw the rectangle

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40. Light/Color Adjustments (same concept with the light settings in Adobe Lightroom)

Go to Image > Adjustments > Select an adjustment

41. Inverse a selection

Select a part of an image using any selection tools you know > CTRL + SHIFT I to inverse or Go to
Select > Inverse

*This is the usual selected area when using the marquee tool

*Pressing CTRL + SHIFT + I reverses the selection

*Observe the running lines outside
*When DEL key is pressed the outer portion of the inner rectangle will be deleted

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Websites for PS Brushes

1. Photoshop Free Brushes - (2,510 Free Downloads) (brusheezy.com)
2. Photoshop Brushes for Free Download (myphotoshopbrushes.com)
3. Free Photoshop Brushes, Photoshop Patterns and Textures | Fbrushes
4. 1000+ Free High Resolution Photoshop Brush Sets - noupe
5. Free Photoshop Brushes | BrushKing ♛

LEARNING ACTIVITY (Practice Exercise)

1. Design a tri-fold brochure applying the different tools and techniques used in editing.
2. Design a layout of a poster in Photoshop utilizing the images and product information that will be
given in this activity.

REFERENCES

• Photoshop basics for beginners | Adobe Photoshop tutorials,

https://helpx.adobe.com/photoshop/how-to/ps-basics-fundamentals.html
• Transform objects in Photoshop (adobe.com),
https://helpx.adobe.com/photoshop/using/transforming-objects.html
• Use the Photoshop Levels adjustment (adobe.com),
https://helpx.adobe.com/photoshop/using/levels-adjustment.html
• Using the Curves adjustment in Photoshop (adobe.com),
https://helpx.adobe.com/photoshop/using/curves-adjustment.html

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