9

Mathematics
Quarter 4 – Module 6:
Problems Involving Right
Triangles

CO_Q4_Mathematics 9_ Module 6
Mathematics – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 6: Problems Involving Right Triangles
First Edition, 2020

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 9

Mathematics
Quarter 4 – Module 6:
Problems Involving Right
Triangles
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions,
directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand
each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each

SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you
need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of
the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-
check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust
that you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they
can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any
part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and
tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering
the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to
help you master Problems Involving Right Triangles. The scope of this
module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The
language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The
lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the
order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the
textbook you are now using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

 uses trigonometric functions to solve real-life problems involving

right triangles (M9GE-IVf-g-46.1)

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 9_ Module 6
 What I Know

Let us find out how much you already know about right triangle. Take note
of the items that you will not be able to answer correctly. Try to find the correct
answer as you go through this module. Use Calculator if needed. Write your answer
in a separate sheet of paper

Consider ∆
B

1) Which side of the triangle is the hypotenuse?

a. ̅̅̅̅ b. ̅̅̅̅ c. ̅̅̅̅ d. ̅̅̅̅ 25 cm

2) Which side is opposite of

a. ̅̅̅̅ b. ̅̅̅̅ c. ̅̅̅̅ d. ̅̅̅̅ C A
7 cm

3) What is the length of ̅̅̅̅ ?

a. 25 cm b. 24 cm c.14 cm d. 7 cm

4) What is the value of sine A?

a. b. c. d.

5) What is the value of tan B?

a. b. c. d.

6) Which of the following is the value of sin ?

a. 0.1736 b. 0.1763 c. 0.1896 d. 0.2020

7) In the right ∆PQR at the right, |PQ| = 12 cm and Q 12 P

|QR| = 5 cm. What is the value of cos R?
a. c. 5
b. d.
R

8) Given at the right is right ∆ACB. Find |AC|. C B

a. 15 cm c. 13 cm
b. 13.78 cm d. 12 cm 58o 26 cm
A

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 9_ Module 6
9) What is the value of A to the nearest whole number if
a. b. c. d.

B
10) Using 0 and |BA| = 30 cm,

what is |BC| to the nearest whole number?

30 cm
a. 21 cm c. 23 cm
b. 22 cm d. 24 cm 45o
C A

11) If the legs of a right triangle are congruent, what is the measure of each
acute angle in the triangle?
a. b. c. d.

12) An airplane is flying at an altitude of 30,000 feet. If the angle of depression

of the airport is 100, how far must a radio signal travel from the airport to
the plane in feet?
a. 29,544 b. 30,463 c. 170,138 d. 172,763

13) A 50-foot ramp is used to load cargo onto an airplane. If the ramp makes a
23-degree angle with the ground, how far away is the foot of the ramp from
the plane?
a. 19.54 ft b. 21.22 ft c. 45 ft d. 46 ft

14) A 6-foot person casts a 5-foot shadow. What is the angle of elevation of the
sun?
a. b. c. d.

15) The angle of elevation of a 50-meter-high balloon from observer A is 450

and from observer B is . What is the distance between the two observers

if they are both located east of the balloon?

a. 36.6 m b. 50 m c. 86.6 m d. 136.6 m

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 9_ Module 6
 Lesson
Problems Involving
1 Right Triangle

In Solving Right Triangles, you can use your knowledge of the Pythagorean
Theorem and the six trigonometric functions. Solving right triangle means
computing for the missing measures of sides and measures of angles. How you
solve depends on how much information are given.

What’s In

The concepts of trigonometric functions are essential in solving word

problems involving right triangles. Many real-life problems involving right triangle
can be solved using those functions. Let us recall these concepts by answering
activities 1, 2, and 3.

Activity 1. Let’s Match

Use the right ∆COV and right ∆HID in answering the matching exercises that
follow. Match each item in column A to it corresponding value in column B. Write
the letter of the correct answer on your answer sheet.
24 cm
O C I H

6 cm 7 cm
10 cm

V D

A. Trigonometric function values of an angle

Column A Column B
1) sin
a) f)
2) tan
3) cos C
b) g)
4) sin V
5) cos V
c) h)
6) sin
7) cos D
d) i)
8) tan
9) cos H
e) j)
10) tan H

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 9_ Module 6
 B. Relations of angles to sides of a right triangle.
Column A Column B
1) hypotenuse of
2) opposite side of
3) adjacent side of a) ̅̅̅̅ b) ̅̅̅̅ c) ̅̅̅̅
4) opposite side of
5) adjacent side of
6) opposite side of
7) adjacent side of
8) hypotenuse of d) ̅̅̅ e) ̅̅̅̅ f) ̅̅̅̅
9) opposite side of
10) adjacent side of

Activity 2. Use calculator to find the value of the following: (4 decimal

place)

1) sin 400 4) tan 760

2) cos 400 5) sin 580
3) tan 400

Activity 3. Name the angle of elevation and angle of depression in the

figure.

What’s New

“A good way to integrate problem solving is to spend some time building

positive attitudes and disposition about problem solving”.
-Randy Charles
One way to systematically approach problem solving is to use step-by-step
process, sometimes referred to as Problem Solving Guidelines.

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 9_ Module 6
 1. Understand the Problem 2. Develop a plan
What is the situation all about? Have you ever worked a similar
What are you trying to find out? problem before?
What are the key data/ Can you estimate or calculate?
conditions? What strategies can you use?
What are the assumptions?
3. Implement the Plan 4. Look Back
What is the solution? Could you work the problem the
Did you interpret correctly? other way?
Did you calculate correctly? Is there another solution?
Did you answer the questions? Is the answer reasonable?

Many practical problems in trigonometry can be solved using right triangle in

the situations. A sketch or drawing is helpful in setting up an appropriate triangle
that involves a right triangle. Identify the right angle and the other angles in the
right triangle. Label the sides and angles of the right triangle using the given
information. Let the missing measure of a side or missing measure of an angle be
represented by a variable. Hope you can become a successful problem solver.

What is It

Problems Involving Right Triangles

Everybody is Looking Up
Mrs. Penaflor and her class went out into the street to find the height of the
school building. They made a simple sextant using a board protractor and a tripod.
Each of the 18 students in the class measured the angle of elevation of the top of
the building from a point 15 meters from the foot of the building and got an average
angle measurement of 78.50. Find the height of the school building to the nearest
whole number. Do you think the school is in the countryside or in the city?
Explain.

78.5o
15m

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 9_ Module 6
WHAT DO YOU THINK OF THIS!

1) S.O.S. An airplane is flying at an altitude of 30,000 feet. If the angle of

depression of the airport is 10o, how far must a radio signal travel from the
airport to the plane in feet? What is the horizontal distance of the plane from
the airport in feet?

A
(Angle of depression) 10o

Radio signal
30,000ft
o
C 10 B

Airport

From the given problem 1, a right triangle can be formed by three points
namely 1) the location of the airplane (A) at the time of observation, 2) a point
on the ground that directly below the plane (B), and 3) the location of the airport
(C). So, the right triangle is ∆ABC with right angle at B.

Mat Thinks… Tanya Thinks…

The involved sides of the right triangle The missing measure is the length of
are the hypotenuse and the leg the hypotenuse and given measure of
opposite to CB. I’ll use the sine is 100, then the measure of
function. is 800.
Let h be the length of the hypotenuse.
Let h be the length of the hypotenuse.
adjacent
Opposite cos A =
sin C = hypotenuse
hypotenuse
30,000
30,000 cos 800 =
sin 100 = h
h
30,000
30,000 h =
h = cos 800
sine 100
30,000
30,000 h =
h = 0.173648
0.173648
h = 172,763 feet
h = 172,763 feet
Can you solve for the horizontal distance of the plane to the airport?
Compare your solution to your classmates. Note: You should give importance of
the accurate drawing or illustration when applying trigonometric functions to
word problems.

2) To measure the width of a river, two trees at points A and B, on the opposite
banks of a river are identified. Segment AC along one bank is perpendicular to
segment BA and is measured to be 100 feet. Angle ACB is measured to be
79°. How far apart are the two trees? or What is the width w of the river?

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 9_ Module 6
 Since the side of the right triangle whose measure is given, is adjacent to
the given angle, and the side opposite the given angle is asked, then the tangent
function is to be used.

tan w
=
79o 100
100 (tan
w =
79o)
100
w =
(5.1446)
w = 514.46 ft

The width of the river is 514.46 ft which is also the distance

between the two trees A and B.

What’s More

Solve the following. Label the figure.

1) A building casts a shadow of 110 feet. If the angle of elevation of the top of the
building from the tip of the shadow is 290, find the height of the building.

2) Julia is flying a kite whose string makes a 70-degree angle with the ground.
The kite string is 65 meters long. How far is the kite from the ground?

o
70

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 9_ Module 6
3) Daisy wants to calculate the height of a tree in her garden. She stands 20
meters away from the foot of the tree. Using a clinometer, she measures the
angle of elevation of the top of the tree to be . How tall is the tree?

4) Bon Voyage. From a lighthouse 250 feet above sea level, a ship is spotted with
an angle of depression of 8 degrees. Approximately how far out at sea is the
ship?

5) An airplane pilot finds the angle of depression of the airport to be 10 0. If the

altitude of the airplane at that moment is 15,000 feet, what is the horizontal
distance of the plane from the airport in feet?

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 9_ Module 6
 What I Have Learned

 The angle of depression equals the angle of elevation because they

are alternate interior angles if the parallel lines are cut by a
transversal which is usually the line of sight.

 To solve problems involving angle of elevation or angle of

depression; first, carefully draw the figure (look for the right
triangle); second, label the illustration using the given measures;
third, determine the known side if it is opposite or adjacent to the
given angle or the hypotenuse of the right triangle. Next determine
the trigonometric function to be used then set up the equation and
solve.

What I Can Do

With given examples above, are you ready now to solve more problems? Let’s try
to answer first the following.

1) After reading the problem what will you do next?

2) If the given measures are length of the hypotenuse and a measure of an

acute angle in a right triangle, and the unknown is a length of a leg, what
trigonometric function are you going to use?

3) If the given are the measures of two legs and you are asked to find the
measures of the acute angles, what trigonometric functions will you use?

4) Label the figure. Create a problem using the figure.

80 ft

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 9_ Module 6
 Assessment

Read and answer each of the following problems carefully. Label the figure and
solve. Use a separate sheet of paper (5pts each)

A. A north-south road and an east-west road end at the shore of a lake at points A
and B, respectively. From point A, the line of sight to point B makes a 400 angle
with the north-south road. Point B is known to be 4 km from the intersection of
the roads.
1. Which is the appropriate drawing of the situation?
a. A b. A

o
40
4km
o
40
B
B
4km
A A
c. d.
o
o 40
40
4km

B
B
4km

2. How far is point A from the intersection?

a. 3.38 km b. 4.76 km c. 5.22 km d. 6.22 km

3. How far is it across the lake from A to B?

a. 3.38 km b. 4.76 km c. 5.22 km d. 6.22 km

B. Points P and Q are on the opposite sides of a house. Point S is 100 ft away from
point P so that angle S measures 900 and angle P measures 420.

4. Which is the appropriate illustration of the situation?

a. b.
Q
P Q
P 42
o
42
o

100 ft 100 ft
S
S
c. d.
P o Q
P 100 ft Q 42
o
42
100 ft
S
S

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 9_ Module 6
 5. How far is point P from point Q?
a. 90.04 ft b. 111.06 ft c. 134.56 ft d. 149.45ft

6. How far is point S from point Q?

a. 90.04 ft b. 111.06 ft c. 134.56 ft d. 149.45ft

C. A flagpole casts a 24-foot shadow when the angle of elevation of the sun is 600.

7. Which is the appropriate illustration of the situation?

a. b.
24 ft

o o
60 60
24 ft
c. d.
o o
60 60 24 ft

24 ft

8. What is the height of the pole?

a. 48 ft. b. 41.57 ft. c. 20.78 ft d. 13.86 ft

D. A supporting cable is attached to the top of an 80-foot tower.

9. Which is the appropriate illustration of the situation?

a. b.
80 ft 80 ft

c. d.

o
80
80 ft

10. How long is the cable if it forms a 700 angle with the ground?
a. 219.80 ft. b. 85.13 ft c. 29.11 ft d. 27.36 ft

11. If the cable forms a 700 angle with the ground, how far is the base of tower
to the cable on the ground?
a. 219.80 ft. b. 85.13 ft c. 29.11 ft d. 27.36 ft

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 9_ Module 6
E. From point P on the ground, 50 m from a building, the angle of elevation of the
base of a flagpole at the top of the building is 40.50 and the angle of elevation of
the flag is 45.30.

12. Which is the appropriate illustration of the situation?

a. b.

o 50 m
40.5
o
50 m 40.5

c. d.
50 m
50 m
o
40.5
o
40.5

13. What is the height of the building?

a. 38.02 m b. 42.70 m c. 50.53 m d. 58.54 m

14. How far is the flag from the ground?

a. 38.02 m b. 42.70 m c. 50.53 m d. 58.54 m

15. What is the height of the flagpole? (nearest tenths)

a. 4.68 m b. 7.83 m c. 8.01 m d. 15.84 m

Additional Activities

If you are inside the elevator, how will you apply social distancing when
the floor of the elevator is only 0.9m x 0.9m?

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 9_ Module 6
 PROBLEMS INVOLVING RIGHT TRIANGLES

1. A 16-foot ladder is leaning against a house.

It touches the bottom of a window that is 12
feet 6 inches above the ground. What is the
measure of the angle that the ladder makes 12ft 6inch

with the ground? Let θ be the measure of the 6ft

angle that the ladder makes with the
ground. A picture of the problem is drawn at
the right. First, I need to convert
all measures of
We have the measure of the side opposite lengths into inches
the angle in question as well as the and so.
hypotenuse of the right triangle. I can solve
𝑖𝑛
for the unknown in terms of the known sin θ = 9 𝑖𝑛
using the appropriate function which is the
sine function:
𝑓𝑡 6𝑖𝑛
sin θ =
6𝑓𝑡

With the several examples that were solved, are you ready now to solve more
problems? Let’s try to answer first the following.

1) After reading the problem what will you do next?

2) If the given measures are length of the hypotenuse and a measure of an

acute angle in a right triangle, and the unknown is a length of a leg, what
trigonometric function are you going to use?

3) If the given are the measures of two legs and you are asked to find the
measures of the acute angles, what trigonometric functions will you use?

4) Can we solve the problem number 1 using another trigonometric

function? What other trigonometric function can we use?

5) Show another solution for problem 1.

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 9_ Module 6
CO_Q4_Mathematics 9_ Module 6
15
WHAT I KNOW WHAT’S MORE
1) x = 60.97 ft
1. B 6. A 11. B 2) x = 61.08 m
2. C 7. B 12. D 3) x = 25.60 m
3. B 8. B 13. D 4) d = 85069.2 ft
4. B 9. C 14. C
5. C 10. A 15. A WHAT I CAN DO
1) Illustrate the problem.
2) Cosine or Sine Function
WHAT’S IN 3) Tangent Function
4) Answers may vary
Activity 1
A B ASSESSMENT
1. C 6. A 11. C
1) J 1) C
2. B 7. B 12. A
2) D 2) E 3. D 8. B 13. B
3) A 3) A 4. A 9. A 14. C
4) A 4) A 5. C 10. B 15. B
5) J 5) E
6) B 6) D ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES
7) I 7) D  Students will make their own
8) E 8) F problem about the given figure.
9) B 9) B  Stand on the four corners of the
10) C 10) B elevator.
Activity 2 PROBLEM - BASED LEARNING
WORKSHEET
1) 0.6428
2) 0.7660 1) Illustrate/draw figure and label it.
3) 0.8391 2) Sine or cosine
4) 4.0108
5) 0.8480 3) Tangent or cotangent
4) Yes, we can use cosine, but first
Activity 3 we will use Pythagorean theorem
to find the other side.
b2 = 1922 – 1442 b = 127
Angle of Elevation of the top of the
cliff from the object: APO 5)
127
cos x =
Angle of Depression of the object 192
from the top of the cliff: BOP cos x = 0.66146
x = 48.60
Answer Key
References
Clyde A. Dilley, Steven P. Meiring, John E. Tarr, Ross Taylor (1987) Algebra 2 with
Trigonometry D.C. Heath and Company, Lexington, Massachusetts Toronto

David Cohen (1997) Pre- Calculus 5th edition, West Publishing Company Opperman
Drive Minneapolis USA

Randall, Thompson,Garland, Moressh, Ross (1996) Secondary Math an Integrated

Approach ( Focus on Algebra) Addison, Wesley Publishing Company Inc. USA

Yunker, Elswick,Crosswhite and Vannata, (1991) Advanced Mathematical Concepts.

Merrill Publishing Company, Columbus,Ohio United States of America.

Soledad Jose-Dilao,Ed,D, Fernando B. Orines, Julieta G. Bernabe (20030 Advanced

Algebra, Trigonometry and Statistics JTW Corporation Araneta Ave, Quezon
City Philippines.

E-Search
To further explore the concept learned today and if it possible to connect the
internet, you may visit the following links:

Problems and Illustrations

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cRH1xN871C4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZPLJaXCmzfo
https://www.cut-the-knot.org/pythagoras/cosine2.shtml
https://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/trig-sine-law.html
https://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/trig-cosine-law.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kq5ng9Cq-eA

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 9_ Module 6
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Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.ph * blr.lrpd@deped.gov.ph

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 9_ Module 6