Trigonometric Diff and Integrate
Trigonometric Diff and Integrate
⎛ x⎞ 1− cos x ⎛ x⎞ 1+ cos x
From trigonometry half angles: sin ⎜ ⎟ = cos ⎜ ⎟ =
⎝ 2⎠ 2 ⎝ 2⎠ 2
1− cos 2x 1+ cos 2x
sin x = cos x =
2 2
1− cos 2x 1+ cos 2x
sin 2 x = cos 2 x =
2 2
1+ cos 2x 1 sin 2x
∫ cos x dx = sin x + C ∫ cos x dx = ∫ dx = x+ +C
2
2 2 4
1− cos 2x 1 sin 2x
∫ sin x dx = − cos x + C ∫ sin x dx = ∫ dx = x− +C
2
2 2 4
sin x
∫ tan x dx = ∫ cos x dx = − ln cos x + C ∫ tan x dx = ∫ sec x −1 dx = tan x − x + C
2 2
cos x
∫ cot x dx = ∫ sin x dx = ln sin x + C ∫ cot x dx = ∫ sec x −1 dx = tan x − x + C
2 2
d d d
Reminder : sin x = cos x cos x = − sin x tan x = sec 2 x
dx dx dx
d d d
csc x = − csc x ⋅ cot x sec x = sec x ⋅ tan x cot x = − csc 2 x
dx dx dx