Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5131

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
PROJECT PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
(Mechanical Engineering)
Date: 26 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) Explain in brief the phases of project management. 3M
b) Enumerate Organizational Structures used in project management. 3M
c) What is Work Breakdown Structure? 3M
d) What methods are used in capital investment decisions? 3M
e) Define the following: 3M
i. Earliest Start Time
ii. Earliest Finish Time
iii. Latest finish Time
f) What are the essential differences between CPM and PERT? 3M
g) What is project control of a construction project? 3M
h) What are the Strategies for dealing with difficult Stakeholders? 3M
i) Brief out the inputs required for claim prevention process. 3M
j) Enumerate steps in project closure. 3M
PART – B
2. a) Enumerate and explain the role of Project Manager in an Organization. 7M
b) Explain in brief the types of organizations structures used in project management. 7M
(OR)
c) Brief out the functions of management. 7M
d) Explain merits and demerits of Functional organization. 7M
3. a) Enumerate and discuss in detail about a work break down procedure for a bicycle 7M
project.
b) Explain budgeting techniques process used in capital investment decision-making. 7M
(OR)
c) Explain with relevant formula the time value of money. 7M
d) What is Work Breakdown Structure? How does WBS facilitate project planning? 7M
4. a) A project consists of the following activates. Draw the network diagram. Calculate 7M
critical path and project duration.

Activity Duration(days)
1-2 16
1-3 20
1-6 30
2-5 15
3-4 15
3-5 10
4-5 3
4-6 16
5-6 12

Cont…2
 :: 2 ::

b) Calculate the expected time and variance for each task shown in the table below : 7M
Activity Preceding activity T0 Tm Tp
A - 1 4 7
B - 2 2 2
C A 2 5 8
D A 3 4 5
E B 4 6 8
F C 5 6 7
G D,E 3 6 9

(OR)
c) Explain any three Project scheduling techniques. 7M
d) Draw Network diagram and find critical path, project duration for given data: 7M
Activity Duration (days) Preceding activity
A 2 -
B 3 A
C 3 B
D 10 A
E 6 D
F 4 C,D
G 3 E,F
5. a) Brief out the various stakeholders in a village electrification project. 7M
b) Classify stakeholders in a typical construction project. 7M
(OR)
c) Explain step by step procedure in plan-monitor-control cycle. 7M
d) Briefly describe the monitoring and controlling cycle in project management. 7M
6. a) Outline the factors that contribute to disputes during the execution of a project. 7M
b) Explain in brief the various types of dispute resolution methods. 7M
(OR)
c) Discuss about the characteristics of Arbitration. 7M
d) Brief out the implications of improper project closure. 7M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5214

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
POWER SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND PROTECTION
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Date: 21 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) Write the relation between new and old per unit value of impedance. 2M
b) What are the undefined quantities for voltage controlled bus? 2M
c) A 50 MVA, 11 kV three-phase alternator was subjected to 3-phase fault of 2000 A. 2M
Find the value of the positive sequence reactance (in per unit) of the alternator.
d) Define fuse. 2M
e) Define operating time of a relay. 2M
f) The per unit impedance of a circuit element is 0.2. If the base kV and base MVA are 3M
doubled, then find the new value of the per unit impedance of the circuit element.
g) A network containing 50 buses in which 10 are the voltage control buses, 6 are the 3M
generator buses. Find the size of the Jacobian matrix.
h) In a 3-phase, 4-wire system, the currents in R, Y and B lines under abnormal 3M
conditions of loading are as under : I R  1 0 0 3 0 0 A ; I Y  5 0 3 0 0 0 A ; I B  3 0 1 8 0 0 A
Calculate the zero sequence current in the R-line.
i) Write the simplified diagram of circuit breaker control for opening operation. 3M
j) A feeder circuit breaker is equipped with 500/5 A CT. The relays on the feeder circuit 3M
breakers have a 125% plug setting and a 0.4 time setting. If a three phase fault current
of 7500 A flows in the feeder, find the PSM of the feeder relay.
PART – B
2. a) Explain the advantage of per unit system. 5M
b) For the data given below obtain Ybus by direct inspection method: 5M
Bus code Impedance
1-2 0.08+j0.24
1-3 0.02+j0.06
2-3 0.06+j0.18
(OR)
c) Obtain an expression for the bus admittance matrix by singular transformation 5M
analysis.
d) For the system shown in Fig.1 obtain Y BUS by direct inspection method. Take bus (l) as 5M
reference. The impedance marked are in p.u.

Fig.1
3. a) Mention the advantages and disadvantages of Gauss-Seidel method. 5M
b) Give the classification of buses used for load flow studies. 5M
Cont…2
 ::2::

(OR)
c) Explain the use of acceleration of convergence in load flow analysis. 5M
d) List the Advantages of Newton Raphson Method. 5M
4. a) What are symmetrical components? Why are they used in power system fault 5M
analysis?
b) A synchronous generator rated 3-phase 11 KV, 100 MVA has X1= X2= j0.1 p.u and 5M
X0=j0.04 p.u. If a single line-to-ground (SLG) fault occurs on the generator terminals,
determine the fault current.
(OR)
c) Two 11 kV, 20 MVA, three-phase, star connected generators operate in parallel as 5M
shown in Fig.2, the positive, negative and zero sequence reactances of each being,
respectively, j0.18, j0.15, j0.10 pu. The star point of one of the generators is isolated
and that of the other is earthed through a 2.0 ohm resistor. A single line-to-ground
fault occurs at the terminals of one of the generators. Estimate the fault current.

Fig.2
d) A 3-phase 10MVA, 11KV alternator has 10% sub-transient reactance. Find short circuit 5M
MVA and current, if a symmetrical fault occurs at its terminals.
5. a) With a neat sketch explain the working of air-blast circuit breaker. 5M
b) Explain the phenomenon of current chopping in a circuit breaker. 5M
(OR)
c) With a neat sketch explain the working principle of circuit breaker. 5M
d) In a 220 kV system, the reactance and capacitance up to the location of circuit breaker 5M
is 8 W and 0.025 mF, respectively. A resistance of 600 ohms is connected across the
contacts of the circuit breaker. Determine the following:
i. Natural frequency of oscillation
ii. Critical value of resistance which will give no transient oscillation
6. a) Discuss the working principle of Balanced Beam relay. 5M
b) Determine the time of operation of a relay of rating 5 A, 2.2s IDMT and having a relay 5M
setting of 125%, TMS = 0.6. It is connected to the supply circuit through a CT 400:5
ratio. The fault current is 4000 A.
PSM 2 5 8 10
Time 10 8 3.2 2.5
(OR)
c) Describe the working principle of differential relays. 5M
d) Explain impedance relay characteristic on the R-X diagram. 5M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5455

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
LOW POWER AND HIGH SPEED VLSI DESIGN
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Date: 24 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) Which are 3 sources of power dissipation? 3M
b) Draw and briefly explain the MIS structure of MOSFET 3M
c) What is signal activity? Explain with the help of equation. 3M
d) Explain the Short channel threshold roll off. 3M
e) What is power constrained least squared technique? Give example. 3M
f) Explain Monte Carlo based simulation for combinational circuits? 3M
g) List any four advantages of CMOS logic. 3M
h) Explain the Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL). 3M
i) Differentiate between clock jitter and clock skew with suitable examples. 3M
j) With suitable example explain dual rail domino logic. 3M
PART – B
2. a) Explain the system limits in detail. 7M
b) Explain average gate capacitance of MOSFET in 3 different regions of operation. 7M
(OR)
c) Derive expression for short circuit power dissipation in CMOS inverter. 7M
d) Explain in detail about the following 7M
i. Fundamental limits
ii. Device limits
3. a) Explain propagation of signal activities through following basic gates. 7M
i. Inverter
ii. AND gate
iii. OR gate
b) With the help of flowchart, explain Monte Carlo based simulation for sequential 7M
circuits.
(OR)
c) With help of suitable example, explain how to calculate signal probability using binary 7M
decision diagrams.
d) Write algorithm to compute signal probabilities. 7M
4. a) Explain architecture driven voltage scaling using pipelined implementation. 7M
b) Explain circuit activity driven architectural transformation using data flow graph for IIR 7M
filter.
(OR)
c) Explain architecture driven voltage scaling using parallel implementation. 7M
d) Explain the power reduction technique using reducing operation by maintaining 7M
proper throughput.

Cont...2
 ::2::

5. a) Explain the following with suitable example: 7M

i. MTCMOS
ii. DTMOS
b) Explain low voltage circuit design techniques 7M
i. Reverse Vgs
ii. Steeper threshold swing
(OR)
c) With the help of neat circuit diagram, explain DCVS voltage level converter. 7M
d) With the help of neat circuit diagram, explain multiple output domino circuit of single 7M
rail domino circuits.
6. a) Explain the following clock distribution techniques. 7M
i. Sample Clock Buffer Tree
ii. H-Tree Clock Routing
b) Explain in detail Sample-Set Differential Logic (SSDL) with help of neat diagram. 7M

(OR)
c) With the help neat diagram, explain conventional CMOS and DCVSL logic. 7M
d) Explain in detail enable/Disable Differential Logic (ECDL) with the help of neat 7M
diagram.
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5514

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
BIG DATA ANALYTICS
(Common to Computer Science and Engineering & Information Technology)
Date: 19 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) With an example, define unstructured data. 2M
b) List and define any four typical external sources of Big Data. 2M
c) List the responsibilities of ApplicationMaster in YARN. 2M
d) List the functionalities of Hadoop Distributed File System. 2M
e) Discuss the functionalities of partitioners and combiners in MapReduce. 2M
f) What are the roles of Mapper? 3M
g) Write any four features of MongoDB. 3M
h) What is Hive Query Language? 3M
i) What are the Features of Apache Pig? 3M
j) Give the basic difference between Hive and Pig. 3M
PART – B
2. a) Discuss the challenges in bigdata analytics. 5M
b) Define the term Big Data. Briefly discuss the characteristics of Big data. 5M
(OR)
c) Briefly discuss the sources of unstructured data and how to deal with unstructured 5M
data.
d) Give the comparison between Traditional Business Intelligence (BI) and Big Data. 5M
3. a) Explain the Top Analytics Tools used in bigdata analytics. 5M
b) Discuss in detail the classification of Big Data Analytics. 5M
(OR)
c) Explain the significance of different types of Bigdata analytical approaches. 5M
d) What is In-Memory analytics and In-Database processing? 5M
4. a) “Hadoop is better than RDBMS” Justify. 5M
b) With a diagram, explain file read operation in HDFS. 5M
(OR)
c) With a diagram, explain the components of Hadoop. 5M
d) Discuss the role of the following in HDFS : 5M
i. Name Node
ii. Data Node
iii. Secondary Name Node
5. a) Discuss the concept of MapReduce. 5M
b) Discuss the Hive DML with an example. 5M
(OR)
c) Discuss word count example using MapReduce. 5M
d) Explain the functionalities of different components in the architecture of Hive. 5M
6. a) Explain different data types supported in pig latin. 5M
b) Write the syntax of NOT in MongoDB and write the code in MongoDB to retrieve the 5M
document(s) whose age is not greater than 25.
(OR)
c) Write a pig script for counting number of words in a given file. 5M
d) Explain different datatypes supported in MongoDB. 5M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5515

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
FOUNDATIONS OF DEEP LEARNING
(Computer Science and Engineering)
Date: 17 May, 2022 Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) Discuss the significance of different layers in Artificial Neural Network 2M
b) How to use Sigmoidal Function in Artificial Neural Network. 2M
c) How to know is our model suffering from the Exploding/Vanishing gradient problem? 2M
d) What is the difference between autoencoder and variationalautoencoder? 2M
e) What is the process of Vectorization? 2M
f) Discuss the type of tasks that can be performed with word embeddings. 3M
g) List the Benefits of transfer learning. 3M
h) What is the difference between ResNet and DenseNet? 3M
i) What are different RNN architectures? 3M
j) Discuss functionalities of common LSTM unit. 3M
PART – B
2. a) What is Rectified Linear Units activation function? Discuss pros and cons of Rectified 5M
Linear Units activation function.
b) Give the difference between cost function and activation function. 5M
(OR)
c) Explain the working of Gradient Descent Deep Learning Optimizer. 5M
d) Write a brief note on Adam optimizer algorithm. 5M

3. a) Illustrate the working of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) 5M

b) Briefly discuss functionalities of different components of a feedforward neural 5M
network.
(OR)
c) Explain the working of Variationalautoencoder. 5M
d) Explain different steps in Training a Neural Network. 5M

4. a) Explain the working of Continuous Bag-of-Words Model. 5M

b) Explain the process of Iterative Process of Feature Engineering. 5M
(OR)
c) Discuss the working principle of Bidirectional Encoder Representations from 5M
Transformers (BERT).
d) Explain the process of vectorizing Image Data. 5M
5. a) Explain the architecture of AlexNet in Convolutional Neural Network. 5M
b) Give the comparison between max pooling and average pooling. 5M
(OR)
c) Illustrate the working of GoogLeNet Convolutional Neural Network. 5M
d) Explain common approaches of Transfer Learning. 5M
6. a) Explain different components in the architecture of LSTM. 5M
b) Give the Comparison between LSTM with Bidirectional LSTM. 5M
(OR)
c) Explain the architecture of Encoder-Decoder Sequence-to-Sequence Model. 5M
d) Discuss the Advantages and disadvantages of Recurrent Neural Network. 5M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5516

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
CLOUD COMPUTING AND VIRTUALIZATION
(Common to Computer Science and Engineering & Information Technology)
Date: 21 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) Illustrate the importance of Community cloud. 2M
b) What are the features of Open Stacks? 2M
c) List the challenges in the cloud computing. 2M
d) What are the promise of the attractive cloudonomics?P-45 2M
e) What is process level virtualization? 2M
f) What is a hypervisor? 3M
g) What are the major security and privacy challenges? 3M
h) What are the security concerns with virtualized systems? 3M
i) What are the main components of a data center infrastructure? 3M
j) What are cloud management platforms? 3M
PART – B
2. a) Discuss the features and advantages of Eucalyptus cloud software. 5M
b) Categorize the Cloud Deployment model in briefly. 5M
(OR)
c) Difference between the IaaS and PaaS. 5M
d) With a neat diagram, explain the internal elements of Cloud Reference Model. 5M
3. a) With a neat, explain the cloud computing service offering and deployment models. 5M
b) What to consider before migrating to cloud?Explain. 5M
(OR)
c) Discover the seven step migration model in Cloud. 5M
d) What is cloud monitoring? Discuss the capabilities of cloud monitoring. 5M
4. a) Explain different Desktop virtualization classes. 5M
b) Give the comparison between type1 and type2 hypervisor. 5M
(OR)
c) Explain the architecture of computer system before and after virtualization. 5M
d) Give the comparison between full virtualization and paravirtualization strategies. 5M
5. a) Explain the VM- specific security technique. 5M
b) Explain different types of controls in cloud risk analysis. 5M
(OR)
c) With the help of diagram explain VM system vulnerability. 5M
d) Explain different activities involved in cloud security management. 5M
6. a) Express the procedure of Quick wins for the Clouds. 5M
b) Discuss the concept of PaaS on IaaS of AppScale. 5M
(OR)
c) With a neat diagram, explain the generalized in cloud service. 5M
d) Explain in detailed study about Virtualized Data Centers. 5M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5553

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
ROBOTIC PROCESS AUTOMATION DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT
(Computer Science and Engineering)
Date: 24 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) List the Characteristics of a good program. 3M
b) Give the comparison between stack and queues. 3M
c) Explain different Processes that are best Suited for RPA 3M
d) Why is RPA different from other technologies that organizations have implemented 3M
previously?
e) Explain If activity in UiPath Studio with an example. 3M
f) Explain Switch activity which you can allow in the project development. 3M
g) Discuss the challenges of automating Citrix. 3M
h) What is the primary difference between full and partial selectors. 3M
i) What are the different types of exceptions in UiPath? 3M
j) Which is debugging panel in UiPath? 3M
PART – B
2. a) Discuss design principles of .Net framework. 7M
b) Discuss waterfall model with neat diagram. 7M
(OR)
c) Explain the significance of different components in XML document. 7M
d) Explain different Steps for Creating a Computer Program. 7M
3. a) Give the comparison between Automation and RPA. 7M
b) Explain the significance of attended and unattended bots in RPA 7M
(OR)
c) Explain the core components of RPA. 7M
d) Explain different phases in the lifecycle of RPA. 7M
4. a) Explain the activities required To code a Robot in UiPath Studio to generate a series of 7M
natural numbers from 1 to 100.
b) Briefly discuss different datatypes supported in UiPath with an example for each. 7M
(OR)
c) Explain the Step-by-step example using Sequence and Control flow. 7M
d) Write the code to Print "Hello" by using Sequence activity. 7M
5. a) What is web data scrapping? Explain different steps in web data scrapping. 7M
b) Explain the use of Image and Text automation. 7M
(OR)
c) Discuss with functionalities of Google OCR and UiPath Screen OCR. 7M
d) What Are Anchor Links? Discuss pros and cons of anchor links. 7M
6. a) Discuss the usability of UiPath debugging tools. 7M
b) Explain different options supported in Error Handling activity. 7M
(OR)
c) Explain step into and step over in debugging in UiPath. 7M
d) Explain the activities to use to send an email message. 7M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5318

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
CAD/CAM
(Mechanical Engineering)
Date: 21 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) Explain the benefits of CAD. 2M
b) Give the benefits of Transformation of geometry. 2M
c) What are the characteristics of B-spline curves? 2M
d) List out the different types of surfaces. 2M
e) What do you mean by CAD? 2M
f) Mention the types of Geometric modeling. 3M
g) Define the quality control. 3M
h) State the advantages of CAPP. 3M
i) Predict the importance of computer aided quality control. 3M
j) List out the equipments used for material handling systems. 3M
PART – B
2. a) What is a product life cycle? Explain in detail about the conventional manufacturing 5M
product life cycle and CAD/CAM product life cycle
b) Explain Reasons for Implementing a CAD System 5M
(OR)
c) Explain Computer Aided design Process 5M
d) Describe the following input devices: 5M
i. Digitizer
ii. Tablet
3. a) Explain the following;i) Constructive solid geometry and ii) Boundary representation. 5M
b) Explain the different display control commands used in Auto CAD. 5M
(OR)
c) Distinguish between wire frame and solid modelling. 5M
d) Explain the various types of basic geometric commands used in drafting. 5M
4. a) Explain Need for Geometric Modelling 5M
b) Describe retrieval-type of CAPP system with an information flow chart. 5M
(OR)
c) Explain NC Procedure 5M
d) Explain Computer Assisted Part programming. 5M
5. a) Discuss the role of computers in Quality Control. 5M
b) Distinguish between Inspection and Testing. 5M
(OR)
c) Discuss the following terms: 5M
i. Online inspection
ii. Off line inspection
d) Explain various types of non-contact inspection methods. 5M
6. a) Explain how CIM integrates all activities of industry. 5M
b) What are the applications of CIM? 5M
(OR)
c) Explain the basic concept of CIMS using flexibility. 5M
d) Discuss the benefits of CIM in modern manufacturing systems. 5M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5332

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
INTRODUCTION TO 3D PRINTING
(Common to Information Technology & Civil Engineering)
Date: 26 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) Define additive manufacturing process. 3M
b) Mention several software packages that can be used to design a part. 3M
c) Mention the drawbacks of photo polymerization process. 3M
d) Why post processing required in 3D printing? 3M
e) Mention the process benefits and drawbacks of FDM. 3M
f) List the applications of Extrusion-Based Processes. 3M
g) What are the advantages and disadvantages of SLS. 3M
h) Compare AM with WAAM. 3M
i) List the thermal Techniques used for property enhancements 3M
j) Mention 3D Printing applications in aerospace industry. 3M
PART – B
2. a) Explain the Steps in 3D Printing process. 7M
b) Sketch and explain stereo lithography process 7M
(OR)
c) Classify the 3D printing processes according to state of the original material 7M
d) What are the materials used in 3D printing. 7M
3. a) Enumerate Research achievements in printing deposition 7M
b) List the materials for Binder Jetting AM Processes and explain process benefits. 7M
(OR)
c) Explain the benefits and drawbacks of Binder Jetting AM Process. 7M
d) Explain the advantages and applications of Material Jetting Processes 7M
4. a) Explain with a neat sketch fusion deposition modeling process. 7M
b) Explain the Selective Laser Melting (SLM) process with neat sketch. 7M
(OR)
c) Explain the advantages and limitations of FDM Process. 7M
d) Explain the Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) process with neat sketch. 7M
5. a) Differentiate between powder bed fusion and directed energy deposition process. 7M
b) Explain Laser Engineered Net Shaping Process (LENS). 7M
(OR)
c) Explain with a neat sketch the working principle of Electron Beam Melting process. 7M
d) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Wire Arc additive manufacturing. 7M
6. a) Explain Support Material Removal and Surface Texture Improvement methods. 7M
b) Discuss the important 3D Printing applications in field of medical and bioengineering. 7M
(OR)
c) Briefly explain different destructive and non-Destructive testing of 3D Printing parts. 7M
d) Discuss the significant role of 3D Printing in design and production of medical devices. 7M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5414

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
LINEAR CONTROL SYSTEMS
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Date: 19 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) Classify the control systems with an example. 2M
b) Define and explain Mason’s gain formula. 2M
c) What is stability? Write the systems based on stability. 2M
d) Describe gain margin and Phase margin. 2M
e) Define the terms: 2M
i. Transient response
ii. Steady state error
f) What are the advantages of root locus over RH criteria in stability analysis? 3M
g) State Nyquist stability criteria. 3M
h) Define the following terms: 3M
i. Gain crossover frequency
ii. Phase cross over frequency
i) Define the following terms: 3M
i. State variable
ii. State vector
iii. State space
j) Write phase lead compensator circuit, its transfer function and draw its bode plot. 3M
PART – B
2. a) Derive the transfer function of a closed-loop positive feedback system. 5M
b) What are the disadvantages of open loop control system over closed loop control 5M
system?
(OR)
c) Distinguish between positive and negative feedback control systems with an example. 5M
d) What are the effects of feedback in control systems? 5M
3. a) Simplify the block diagram shown in below Fig.1. Then obtain the closed-loop transfer 5M
function C(s)/R(s).

Fig.1
b) Calculate the transfer function of the signal flow graph shown in below Fig.2. 5M

Fig.2
(OR)
Cont…2
 :: 2 ::

c) Determine the transfer functionsC1/R1, C1/R2, C2/R1 and C2/R2 of the following 5M
system.

Fig.3

d) Find the transfer function of the given signal flow graph using mason’s gain formula. 5M

Fig.4
4. a) A unity feedback system has an open loop transfer function: 5M
K
G s  . Sketch the root locus and analyze the stability of the
ss  2s  4
close loop system.
b) The transfer function of a system is k1/s2+k1k2s+k1.Determine the values of k1 and k2 5M
so that the peak time is 2 seconds and peak overshoot is 25%.
(OR)
c) The open loop transfer function of a system is G(s)=1/S(S+15)(S+2).Calculate the 5M
steady state error for the following inputs
r(t)=t+t2/2
r(t)=10t
d) Determine the stability of the system represented by the following characteristic 5M
equation S 6  S 5  3 S 4  3 S 3  3 S 2  2 S  1  0 . use R  H criteria.

5. a) Draw the polar plot and analyze the stability of a unity negative feedback system 5M
whose open-loop transfer function is given by G(s) = 1/(1+S)(2+S)(3+S).
b) Using Nyquist stability criterion, investigate the stability of a closed-loop system 5M
whose open loop transfer function is given by GH(S) = 10/(s+1)(s+2).
(OR)
c) Draw Bode magnitude and phase plot and investigate the stability of a closed-loop 5M
system whose open-loop transfer function is given by
GH(S) = 1/s(0.5s+1)(0.05s+1).
d) Find the transfer function for the system whose asymptotic log magnitude diagram is 5M
shown in Fig.5 (Assume all the zeros of transfer function lie on left-half of s-plane).

Fig.5
Cont…3
 ::3::

6. a) The transfer function of the system is S+2/(S+3)(S+5).Derive the state model using 5M
canonical method.
b) A system is described by the following state and output equations 5M
X 1   2 X 1  X 2
 U , X 2   2 X 2
 U , Y  X1  X 2

Check:
i. Controllability
ii. Observability
(OR)
c) Discuss State Transition Matrix and it’s Properties. 5M
d) A system is described by the following state model 5M
 x1  2 0   x1  1 
          u 
 x 2   0  1  x 2  1 

 x1 
 y   1 2     0 u 
 x2 

2
X 0   , input is units step signal
1 

Calculate:
i. State transition matrix
ii. Zero input response
iii. Zero state response
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5415

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Date: 21 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) Define stability and causality of LTI systems. 2M
b) State and prove Circular Convolution property of DFT. 2M
c) Sketch the cascade Realization for the following systems: 2M
H Z   1  1
2
Z
1
 Z
2
 1  1
4
Z
1
 Z
2

d) Draw the direct realization of 2M
 z   1  0 .2 z
1 2 3 4 5 6
H  0 .3 z  z  0 .3 z  0 .2 z  z
e) Discuss about multi-rate signal processing. 2M
f) Define Z-transform, compute z-transform for the sequence x  n   1,1, 2 , 2  . 3M

   3M
g) Estimate the four point DFT of the sequence x  n   c o s  n  using DIT FFT
 2 
algorithm.
h) Sketch the Direct form –II realization for the system 3M
Y  n    0 .1 y  n  1   0 .2 y  n  2   3 x  n   3 .6 x  n  1   0 .5 x  n  2 
i) Convert the analog filter with system transfer function: 3M
2
H s 
S  3  4
2

Into a digital filter using the impulse invariant transformation.

j) Define and explain up sampling and down sampling. 3M
PART – B
2. a) Determine whether the signals: 5M
 8 n 
x1  n   c o s  
 15 
n  n 
x 2 n   cos   s in   are periodic. If the signal is periodic, determine its
 5   3 
fundamental period.
b) Write & explain the classification of discrete time signals with neat sketches. 5M
(OR)
c) Identify whether the system y(n)=ex(n) is: 5M
i. Linearity
ii. Time Invariant
iii. Stability
iv. Causal

Cont…2
 ::2::

d) The impulse response of a linear time-invariant system is 5M

h  n   1, 2,1,  1

Determine the response of the system to the input signal

x  n   1, 2 , 3,1

3. a) Calculate circular convolution of the following sequences 5M

x  n   1,  1, 4  ; h  n   1,  1 using DFT-IDFT method.
b) Determine the DFT of the sequence 5M
x  n   1, 2 , 3, 4 , 4 , 3, 2 ,1 using DIT FFT signal flow graph. Show all the intermediate
results on the signal flow graph.
(OR)
c) Compute 4-point DFT of 5M
x n  u n  u n  4 using DIF FFT algorithm.
d) Compute the circular convolution between the following sequences: 5M
x  n   1,  2 , 3, 4  and

h  n    4 ,  3, 2 ,  1 

4. a) Show that the magnitude response H  w  of FIR filter is anti-symmetric when the 5M
impulse response is symmetric and M is odd.
b) Explain the design procedure for the linear phase FIR filters using frequency sampling 5M
method.
(OR)
c) A low pass filter is to be designed with the following desired frequency response: 5M
H d e 
jw
e
 jw
w   /4

 0  /4  w  

Determine h  n  using rectangular window and and also find H  Z  .

N  7
d) Give the advantages and disadvantages of window technique. 5M
5. a) Compare the order of analog Butterworth and Chebyshev filters used to meet the 5M
following specifications:
Pass-band gain : 3dB
Passband edge : 1000 Hz
Stopband edge : 2000 Hz
Stopband attenuation : 40 dB
b) Design a normalized Butterworth filter of order N=2 using Bilinear transformation. 5M
Assume a sampling period of 1 sec.
(OR)
c) Evaluate order of Butterworth digital filter required for the following specifications. 5M

0 .9  H w  1; 0  w 
2
3
H w  0 .2 ;  w 
4
With T=1sec.
d) Determine the digital filter transfer function of the analog filter 5M
1
H s  using impulse invariant technique with T=1sec.
s  2s  3

Cont…3
 ::3::

6. a) Explain the concept of decimation with the help of waveform illustrations. 5M

b) Consider a signal x  n   u  n  5M
i. Obtain a signal with a decimation factor 2
ii. Obtain a signal with a interpolation factor 2
(OR)
c) Discuss the sampling rate conversion by a factor of I/D with the help of a neat block 5M
diagram.
d) Consider a signal x  n    0 .5  u  n  , a  1 . The signal is applied to a decimator
n 5M
that reduces the sampling rate by a factor of ‘2’. Determine its output spectrum
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5457

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
IMAGE PROCESSING AND PATTERN RECOGNITION
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Date: 24 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) Explain the concept of image sampling and quantization. 3M
b) Obtain the DFT matrix for N=4 3M
c) What is Histogram specification? How does it differ from Histogram equalization? 3M
d) List various steps for filtering in the frequency domain. 3M
e) Give the plots and equations of Gaussian PDF. 3M
f) Why data redundancy is important in image compression? 3M
g) Define color image processing. Mention its principal application. 3M
h) Discuss briefly the techniques for detecting lines 3M
i) Mention any two advantages of deep learning. 3M
j) Differentiate between supervised and unsupervised learning. 3M
PART – B
2. a) Identify and explain the fundamentals steps in Digital Image Processing. 7M
b) Discuss the Euclidean, D4, and D8 distances. 7M
(OR)
c) Obtain the Hadamard matrix for N=4 and hence determine the Hadamard transform 7M
of
1 2 3 4
 
1 1 2 2
 
1 3 1 2
 
1 1 1 1
d) Obtain the DCT matrix for N=4 and hence show that it is orthogonal. 7M
3. a) Explain the concept of: 7M
i. Gray level slicing
ii. Bit plane slicing
b) What is unsharp masking and high boost filtering? Explain. 7M
(OR)
c) Perform Histogram equalization of a 10X10, 3-bit image having following distribution. 7M
Plot the input and output histogram
rk 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
nk 50 25 15 10 0 0 0 0
d) With block diagram, explain the steps used in Homomorphic filtering. 7M
4. a) Obtain the transfer function of a Minimum mean square error filter. 7M
b) With any example explain Huffman coding system. 7M
(OR)
c) Give the plots and equations of the PDFs of: 7M
i. Gaussian Noise
ii. Gamma Noise
iii. Exponential noise

Cont…2
 :: 2 ::

d) With necessary equations explain: 7M

i. Median filter
ii. Max and Min filter

5. a) What is region growing in image segmentation? Discuss the procedure of region 7M

growing and list the problem associated with this method.
b) How texture features are obtained by co-occurrence matrix? List all the features that 7M
can be computed from co-occurrence matrix.
(OR)
c) Explain region splitting and merging algorithm. 7M
d) Explain how Fourier descriptors are used as boundary descriptors with necessary 7M
expressions.
6. a) Explain briefly about K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm. 7M
b) Explain multilayer feed-forward neural network 7M
(OR)
c) Explain briefly about Support Vector Machine. 7M
d) Explain briefly deep neural networks and their advantages. 7M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5554

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
ROUTING AND SWITCHING NETWORKS
(Computer Science and Engineering)
Date: 24 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) List the specific features of LANs 3M
b) What are the most common external threats to networks? 3M
c) What are the types of Wireless Media? 3M
d) IP is a Best Effort Delivery protocol. Justify? 3M
e) List the features of RIP protocol. 3M
f) What is the purpose of dynamic routing protocols? 3M
g) Compare SSH and Telnet commands. 3M
h) Distinguish between LAN and VLAN. 3M
i) What are the two methods to dynamically assign IPv6 global unicast addresses? 3M
j) What are the functions of ACL? 3M
PART – B
2. a) Explain different categories of network components in an network infrastructure. 7M
b) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Peer-to-Peer Network. 7M
(OR)
c) Illustrate the common Internet Connectivity Options for Businesses. 7M
d) Illustrates some of the ways that networks support the way that we play. How do you 7M
play on the Internet?
3. a) With a neat diagram explain Coaxial Cable. 7M
b) What are the limitations of IPV4? How does the IPv6 overcome the issues of IPV4? 7M
(OR)
c) With a neat diagram explain star and bus topologies. Also list the merits and demerits 7M
of star and bus topologies.
d) Define vulnerability? List and explain the four classes of access attacks. 7M
4. a) Explain packet-forwarding mechanisms supported by a router. 7M
b) When to use Static Routes?Explain the types of Static Routes. 7M
(OR)
c) List and explain the commands used to verify the operation and configuration of a 7M
router interface.
d) What is the need of Default Gateway on a Host? How can you configure Default 7M
gateway on a switch and on a host. Explain.
5. a) Explain different commands to Configure a Switch Default Gateway. 7M
b) Explain the working principle of Router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing. 7M
(OR)
c) Explain how to implement VLAN by using router on stick. 7M
d) Illustrate the process of Preparing for Remote Switch Management. 7M
6. a) Illustrate the working of standard Access control list placement by taking an example. 7M
b) Explain Four step process for a client to obtain a lease in DHCPv4. 7M
(OR)
c) Differentiate between standard and extended ACLs by taking an example for each. 7M
d) Illustrate a NAT operation when an inside global address represents multiple inside 7M
local addresses.
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5608

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
INFORMATION SECURITY
(Information Technology)
Date: 17 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) List the different types of integrity. 2M
b) Find the Inverse matrix of 2M
1 7 17 5 
 
21 18 21
 
 2 2 9 
c) What is Euler's totient function? 2M
d) What is a message authentication code? 2M
e) What protocols comprise SSL? 2M
f) What is the difference between passive and active security threats? Explain in detail. 3M
g) List any three requirements for cryptographic hash function. 3M
h) List any three different types of forgeries in digital signature. 3M
i) Write a neat diagram of SSL architecture. 3M
j) What is the difference between a message authentication code and a one-way hash 3M
function?
PART - B
2. a) List and briefly define types of cryptanalytic attacks based on what is known to the 5M
attacker.
b) What is playfair cipher?Using the below given playfair matrix, encrypt the message“ 5M
must see you over cadogan west coming at once”.
M F H I/J K
U N O P Q
Z V W X Y
E L A R G
D S T B C
(OR)
c) What are the major components of a network security model? 5M
d) Briefly explain the ingredients of a symmetric encryption scheme? 5M
3. a) With a neat diagram, explain the generic depiction of DES encryption algorithm. 5M
b) With a neat diagram, explain the AES key generation process. 5M
(OR)
c) With an example, explain the Avalanche effect. 5M
d) With a neat diagram, describe the AES encryption /decryption process. 5M
4. a) What are the principal elements of a public-key cryptosystem? 5M
b) Briefly explain Diffie-Hellman key exchange. 5M
(OR)
c) Write RSA Algorithm. 5M
d) Write the Rabin Miller algorithm. 5M
5. a) With a neat diagram, explain the SHA 512 processing of single 1024 bit blocks. 5M
b) On the basis of properties and attacks, list the requirements for digital signatures. 5M
Cont…2
 ::2::

(OR)
c) What is digital signature? With a neat diagram, explain the general process of digital 5M
signature.
d) List and explain the steps used in SHA 512 message digest generation process. 5M
6. a) List the different ways of distributing the public key. Explain any two. 5M
b) What is PGP? Explain the different operational services of PGP. 5M
(OR)
c) Give X.509 certificate format. 5M
d) List and explain any 5 TLS alert codes. 5M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5257

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
NEURAL NETWORKS AND FUZZY LOGICS
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Date: 24 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) Define Artificial Neural Network. 3M
b) Mention any three activation functions available. 3M
c) Draw a simple perceptron model. 3M
d) What are weights? How do you choose weights. 3M
e) Define pattern mathematics. 3M
f) What is Hopfield network? 3M
g) Define fuzzy set with a suitable example. 3M
h) Mention any three fuzzy operators. 3M
i) Define defuzzification. 3M
j) Write any three membership functions. 3M
PART – B
2. a) Compare and contrast Biological Neural network and Artificial Neural network. 7M
b) What are the basic learning laws? 7M
(OR)
c) Explain different learning methods in ANN with block diagram. 7M
d) Explain feed forward artificial neural network 7M
3. a) Explain the flowchart for Hebb’s neural network. 7M
b) Explain credit assignment problem. 7M
(OR)
c) Summarize backpropagation training with flowchart. 7M
d) Explain the concept of linear separability. 7M
4. a) Explain Bidirectional Associative Memory (BAM)Architecture. 7M
b) Explain the Hopfield model and apply it to traveling salesman problem. 7M
(OR)
c) Explain Hetero Associative Memory Network Architecture. 7M
d) Explain the areas of application of Neural Network. 7M
5. a) Mention five properties of fuzzy set with examples. 7M
b) If A(x)={(x1,0.7),(x2,0.3),(x3,0.9),(x4,0.1)}, B(x)={(x1,0.2),(x2,0.5),(x3,0.7),(x4,0.4)} are 7M
two fuzzy sets, the determine the union, intersection and complements of the above
sets.
(OR)
c) What are classical and Fuzzy sets? List the operation on classical and fuzzy sets. 7M
d) Determine the union, intersection and Cartesian product of the fuzzy sets A˜ = 7M
“comfortable house for a 4 persons - family” and B˜ = “small house”, where A˜ = ,(1,
0.1),(2, 0.5),(3, 0.8),(4, 1.0),(5, 0.7),(6, 0.2)- and B˜ = ,(1, 1),(2, 0.8),(3, 0.4),(4, 0.1)}.
6. a) Explain the process of defuzzification. 7M
b) Draw a block diagram of any fuzzy logic control system and explain each block 7M
(OR)
c) Explain different defuzzification methods. 7M
d) Differentiate between Fuzzy logic Controller vs. PID Controller. 7M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5413

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
CMOS VLSI DESIGN
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Date: 17 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) Why Body effect occurs in MOSFET? 2M
b) What is propagation delay? 2M
c) Develop the mirror circuit of 2-input XNOR gate 2M
d) Draw the OR gate using transmission gate. 2M
e) Draw the circuit for 3 input NOR gate using dynamic logic. 2M
f) Distinguish between the Enhancement mode MOSFET and Depletion mode MOSFET 3M
g) Describe power delay product. 3M
h) Design the CMOS based D-latch circuit. 3M
i) Design the transmission gate based 2:1 Multiplexer circuit. 3M
j) Draw the C2MOS Latch circuit. 3M
PART – B
2. a) Derive the expression for drain to source current (Ids) versus drain to source voltage 5M
(Vds). Assuming that NMOS transistor is in saturation region.
b) Discuss the DC characteristics of CMOS inverter. 5M
(OR)
c) Discuss the DC operation of CMOS inverter with basic circuit. 5M
d) Consider an n-channel enhancement-mode MOSFET with parameters V T n  1 .5 V and 5M
2
K n
 0 .5 m A / V . Determine I D for V G S  5 V , V D S  6 V .

3. a) Derive the expression of output LOW to HIGH time (tLH) of CMOS inverter. 5M
b) Consider a CMOS inverter that is designed in a process with the following parameters: 5M
kn’=100uA/V2, kp’=40uA/V2, VT0n=+0.7V, and VT0p=-0.8V. The transistors have aspect
ratios of (W/L)n=10 and (W/L)p=15, and the power supply is chosen to be 5V. The
inverter of has a total output capacitance of Cout = 120fF.
i. Calculate the value of tHL
ii. Calculate the value of tLH
iii. Calculate fmax
(OR)
c) Discuss the transient effects on the VTC. 5M
d) Derive the expression of mid-point voltage (VM) of CMOS inverter. 5M
4. a) Design the Mirror circuit for the 2 variable XOR function. 5M
b) Draw the pseudo-nMOS logic gate for the function Z=*A(B+C) +DE+’. 5M
(OR)
c) Discuss DC voltage switching characteristics and transient times of two input NOR 5M
gate.
d) Design & Draw the full adder CMOS circuit. 5M
5. a) Implement the 4:1 Multiplexer using the Transmission gate. 5M
b) Design the TG based Master-Slave Flip Flop. 5M

Cont…2
 ::2::

(OR)
c) Illustrate the operation of XOR & XNOR gate based on transmission gate. 5M
d) Design the following using the Transmission Gate using Full Adder Circuit. 5M
6. a) Design 3 input NOR using clocked CMOS circuits. 5M
b) Design 3 input NAND gate using dynamic logic. 5M
(OR)
c) Explain about the dynamic RAM cell with necessary diagram. 5M
d) Describe the operation of NAND2 C2MOS with schematic diagram. 5M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5418

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
MICRO PROCESSORS AND MICRO CONTROLLERS
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Date: 19 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) Explain the function of pointer registers in 8086. 2M
b) Explain the concept of pipelining in 8086. 2M
c) What is the function of PUSH and POP instructions in 8086? 2M
d) Which instruction is used to check the status of CY flag? Give an example. 2M
e) List the blocks of 8259A Interrupt Priority Controller. 2M
f) Justify the need for line drivers and line receivers when DTE and DCE are connected 3M
using RS-232.
g) Which RAM location has the bit memory location 30h? 3M
h) Write an ALP to exchange the contents of R1 of Bank0 and R1 of Bank1. 3M
i) Explain BSR mode of 8255. 3M
j) Justify the need for signal conditioning in interfacing ADC to sensor. 3M
PART – B
2. a) Explain segment registers of 8086. 5M
b) Define state, machine cycle and instruction cycle and draw the read cycle timing 5M
diagram for minimum mode.
(OR)
c) Explain the concept of memory segmentation in 8086 and list the advantages of the 5M
same.
d) Illustrate 8086 maximum mode system operation. 5M
3. a) Develop an assembly language program to multiply two 16-bit numbers. 5M
b) Design an interfacing circuit for two 4K×8 EPROMS and two4K×8 RAM chips with 8086 5M
by selecting suitable address and maps.
(OR)
c) Develop an assembly language program to convert binary number (or hexadecimal) to 5M
BCD number.
d) Explain the following assembler directives: 5M
i. DB
ii. DD
iii. DQ
4. a) Differentiate between DOS and BIOS interrupts. 5M
b) Write the Initialization Command Word 1 (ICW1) and Initialization Command Word 2 5M
(ICW2) of 8259.
(OR)
c) What are the features of 8259? Also show how 8086 is connected to 8259. 5M
d) Design the hardware interface circuit for interfacing 8251 with 8086. Set the 8251A in 5M
asynchronous mode as transmitter and receiver with even parity enable, 2 stop bits,
8-bit character length, frequency 160 kHz and baud rate 10 K. Develop an ALP to
receive 100 bytes of data string and store it at location 3000:4000H.
5. a) Which are the 16-bit registers available in 8051? Justify the need of these registers. 5M
b) Write an ALP to add two multi-byte numbers stored in 9000h and A000h. Store the 5M
result in B000h.
Cont…2
 :: 2 ::

(OR)
c) With necessary diagrams, explain internal memory organization of 8051. 5M
d) Write a program to generate a square wave of frequency 2 KHz with 30% duty cycle 5M
using Timer 0 in mode 1 of 8051.
6. a) Explain how LCD is interfaced with 8051. 5M
b) Draw control word format of 8255 and explain in detail. 5M
(OR)
c) Interface 8051 microcontroller with 8255 and write a program to send 55H and AAH 5M
to all ports continuously.
d) Describe different modes of operation of 8255 and illustrate an example. 5M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5531

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
FUNDAMENTALS OF JAVA
(Common to Electronics and Communication Engineering &
Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Date: 26 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) Define a class. Write the syntax of declaring a class in Java. 3M
b) List the uses of this keyword in Java programming. 3M
c) What’s the difference between an interface and an abstract class? 3M
d) State the use of keyword super. 3M
e) Write the syntax of Exception class methods. 3M
f) List the methods of Runnable Interface. 3M
g) What is source and listener? 3M
h) What is the advantage of collection framework? 3M
i) Define Event. List any three Event classes of Java. 3M
j) How to create a Button using AWT? Give the syntax. 3M
PART – B
2. a) List the advantage of OOPs programming using Java over Procedure-oriented 7M
programming language.
b) Write a simple Java program to implement basic Calculator operations. 7M
(OR)
c) Explain the concept of Encapsulation, Inheritance, and Polymorphism. 7M
d) With the help of suitable examples, explain how “final” can be used to avoid Method 7M
overriding.
3. a) Explain the following concepts of Java programming with code 7M
i. Multiple Inheritance
ii. Function overriding
b) Write a program to demonstrate how function overloading can be written in Java 7M
programming language.
(OR)
c) Write a java program to demonstrate the use of final in java classes. 7M
d) Write a Java program to implement Queues using packages and interfaces. 7M
4. a) What is Exception handling? Explain how Multiple catch Clause works with suitable 7M
example.
b) Explain Synchronization. Write Java Code to demonstrate Thread synchronization in 7M
Java.
(OR)
c) Write a program that should take one integer number as an input from the user. The 7M
program should throw an exception if the input number is greater than 20.
d) Write a program in Java to create two threads ‘T1’ and ‘T2’. Thread T1 should print 7M
the odd numbers between 1 to 10 and T2 should print even numbers between 1 to
10. The output of the program should be in proper sequence (i.e. 1,2,3,…10).

Cont…2
 ::2::

5. a) Define Threads. Give the methods for creation of Threads in Java programming. 7M
b) List and explain the following methods of Java. Thread class 7M
i. run()
ii. start()
iii. stop()
iv. sleep()
(OR)
c) List and explain the methods needed to set and get the Thread priorities. 7M
d) How synchronized keyword can be used to establish the synchronization among 7M
threads.
6. a) Discuss event handling in java programming with a neat diagram. 7M
b) List and explain the Mouse Event handling classes with methods. 7M
(OR)
c) Write a program to demonstrate Button creation and event handling of a button. 7M
d) Explain with code how we can use Card Layout Manager. 7M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5555

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
COMPILER DESIGN
(Computer Science and Engineering)
Date: 24 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) List some compiler construction tools? 3M
b) What are the different types of semantic errors detected during compilation? 3M
c) What are the actions available in shift reduce parser? 3M
d) Give the benefits of LR parser. 3M
e) Construct the syntax tree for the expression a*(b+c)/d. 3M
f) Give the comparison between top down and bottom up parsing. 3M
g) What are the various data structure used for implementing the symbol table? 3M
h) State the principle of peephole optimization. 3M
i) Define reduction in strength with example. 3M
j) Define code optimization and optimizing compiler. 3M
PART – B
2. a) Construct the parse tree for 9-5+2 using left most derivation and right most derivation 7M
for the following grammar:
list -> list + digit | list - digit | digit
digit -> 0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9
b) Write the output of each stage of the compiler by analyzing the following statement: 7M
a = b*20 + c/10 [ a, b and c are declared as float ]
Also display the contents of the symbol table.
(OR)
c) Find the FIRST() and FOLLOW() for the following grammar. 7M
SABCDE
A a / ∈
B b / ∈
C c
D d / ∈
E e / ∈
d) Briefly discuss the advantages of language-processing system in which the compiler 7M
produces assembly language rather than machine language?
3. a) Construct a predictive parsing table for the given grammar or Check whether the 7M
given grammar is LL(1) or not.

b) Explain the schematic form of an LR parser with the help of block diagram. 7M
(OR)
c) Write the Yacc desk calculator program with the error production. 7M
lines : error ‘\n’

Cont…2
 :: 2 ::

d) Consider the following grammar: 7M

EE+E
EE*E
E (E)
Eid
Parse using Bottom-up approach from left to right for the input id1+id2+id3.
4. a) Construct the annotated parse tree for the input 8+5*6 considering the grammar 7M
given below.
E E+T | T T T * F | F F( E ) | digit
b) Differentiate between synthesized and inherited attributes. 7M
(OR)
c) Translate the arithmetic expression x = a – b * c + d into: 7M
i. Quadraple
ii. Triple
iii. Indirect Triple
d) Construct DAG for the following expressions: 7M
i. a+a+(a+a+a+(a+a+a+a))
ii. a+b+a+b
iii. ((a+b)*(a-b)) + (a+b)-(a*b)
5. a) Discuss in detail about the subdivision of run-time memory into code and data areas. 7M
b) What are different storage allocation strategies? Explain. 7M
(OR)
c) With a diagram explain the model of activation record. 7M
d) Discuss the issues with nested procedures. 7M
6. a) Write short notes on the following : 7M
i. Dataflow analysis
ii. Loop invariant computations
b) Construct the computation of the DAG for the following block of code. 7M
a=b+c
c=a+x
d=b+c
b=a+x
(OR)
c) Apply the code generation algorithm to generate the code for the following given 7M
basic block.
t=a-b
u=a-c
v=t+u
a=d
d=v+u
Assume t, u, v are temporaries , local to the block while a, b, c are variables that are
live on exit from the block.
d) Explain the code optimization methods; 7M
i. Local common sub-expressions.
ii. Dead code elimination.
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5258

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
ELECTRIC VEHICLES
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Date: 24 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) Outline the different types of Electric Vehicles. 3M
b) Illustrate the growth of Electric vehicle Technology over decades. 3M
c) Distinguish Electric and Hybrid Vehicles? 3M
d) Discuss the Advantages and Disadvantages of Hybrid Vehicles. 3M
e) Discuss the basic Magnetic structure of Switched Reluctance Motor Drive. 3M
f) Identify the applications of SRM motors? 3M
g) Outline the different types of batteries used in EV. 3M
h) Draw the typical structure of Battery Management System. 3M
i) Discuss the social dimension of EVs with respect to the Indian Scenario. 3M
j) Summarize the electrification challenges that are faced in Electric Vehicles. 3M
PART – B
2. a) Explain the limitations and Environmental impact of IC Engines compare to EV. 7M
b) Explain the Major electrical components and choices for an EV system with the help 7M
of neat block diagram.
(OR)
c) Compare the IC Engine Vehicle to Electric Vehicle with respect to Efficiency. 7M
d) Summarize in detail the Advantages of Electric Vehicles over ICEV Vehicles. 7M
3. a) With suitable sketches, explain the working of Series hybrid architecture of Electric 7M
Vehicle.
b) Discuss the combination of parallel and series hybrid architectures of Electric 7M
Vehicle.
(OR)
c) With suitable sketches, explain the parallel hybrid electric drive train. 7M
d) Discuss the Concept of Hybrid Electric Drive Trains. 7M
4. a) With the neat sketch, explain the basic principle of operation of BLDC Motor. 7M
b) Explain the Generating mode of operation of Switched Reluctance Motors using the 7M
Regenerative Braking Concept.
(OR)
c) Discuss the various converter topologies of Switched Reluctance Motor drive. 7M
d) Explain the torque controlled of SRM drive. 7M

5. a) What is Battery Management system and What are the primary functions of Battery 7M
Management system for an EV battery?
b) Compare and contrast the different types of batteries available in the market and 7M
explain why Li-ion Batteries are more popular.
(OR)
c) Explain the working of Lithium-ion Battery. 7M
d) Draw the Typical structure of battery management systems and explain the parts of 7M
the system.
Cont…2
 ::2::

6. a) Describe the ON board and Off board charging station challenges with India's 7M
roadmap for Electric Vehicle
b) “ EVs to be the next generation transportation system in India”Justify. 7M
(OR)
c) What are the different challenges faced by EVs in replacing the IC Engine based 7M
vehicle in India.
d) Compare between Connected mobility and Autonomous mobility. 7M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5317

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
HEAT TRANSFER
(Mechanical Engineering)
Date: 19 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) State the Fourier law of heat conduction. 2M
b) Define critical thickness of insulation. 2M
c) Explain the significance of Nusselt number. 2M
d) Define overall heat transfer coefficient. 2M
e) Explain Kirchoff’s law of radiation 2M
f) Explain thermal diffusivity. 3M
g) Write the temperature distribution diagram of condenser and boiler. 3M
h) What is condensation and when does it occurs? 3M
i) Distinguish between pool boiling and flow boiling. 3M
j) Define Stefan-Boltzman law of radiation. 3M
PART – B
2. a) Derive an expression for the general 3-D heat conduction equation in Cartesian 5M
coordinates for an isotropic material
b) A furnace wall consists of 25 cm of fire brick, 15 cm of common brick, 5 cm layer of 5M
magnesia insulation and 3mm thick steel plate on the outside. If the inside surface
temperature of the furnace is 1600ºC and outside surface temperature is to be 80ºC,
calculate the temperature between the layers and the heat loss per unit area of
furnace wall. Take thermal conductivities for steel, fire brick, common brick &
magnesia as 69.77W/m-K, 1.28W/m-K, 0.814W/m-K, & 0.0698W/m-K respectively
(OR)
c) Derive an expression for critical thickness of insulation for a cylinder 5M
d) A hollow cylinder 5cm inner diameter and 10cm outer diameter has an inner surface 5M
temperature of 200º C and outer surface temperature of 100º C. Determine the heat
flow rate per linear metre and temperature at the point midway between the inner
and outer surfaces. Take thermal conductivity of cylinder material as 70 W/m-ºC.
3. a) A thick walled tube of stainless steel (k = 19 W/m0C) with 2cm inner diameter and 4cm 5M
outer diameter is covered with a 3cm layer of asbestos insulation (k = 0.2 W/m0C). if
the inside wall temperature of the pipe is maintained at 6000C, calculate the heat lost
per meter length, also calculate the tube insulation interface temperature.
b) An exterior wall of house may be approximated by 0.1 m layer of common brick K= 0.7 5M
W/m0C followed by 0.04 m layer of gypsum plaster K = 0.48 W/m0C what thickness of
loosely packed rock wool insulation K= 0.065 W/m0C should added to reduce the heat
loss or gain through the wall by 80%.
(OR)
c) Derive an expression for heat transfer through rectangular infinitely long fin 5M
d) An aluminum plate [ = 2790 kg/m3, C= 0.88 kJ/kg0C, k = 160W/m0C] of thickness 3cm 5M
at a uniform temperature of 2250C is suddenly immersed in a well stirred fluid
maintained at a constant temperature of 250C. The heat transfer coefficient between
the plate and fluid is 320W/m2 0C. Determine the time required for the center of the
plate to reach 500C.

Cont…2
 :: 2 ::

4. a) Express the correlations for Nusselt number, Reynolds number and Prandtl number of 5M
forced convection heat transfer process..
b) Air at 30ºC flows over a flat plate, 0.4m wide and 0.75 m long with a velocity of 20 5M
m/s. Determine the heat flow rate from the surface of the plate assuming that the
flow is parallel to the 0.75 m side. Plate is maintained at 90ºC. Use correlations:
Take average properties of air at 60ºC : ρ = 1.06 kg/m3, Pr = 0.708, K = 0.0285 W/m-K,
Cp = 1.008 kJ/kg-K, ν = 18.97×10-6 m2/s.
NuL= 0.664 Re0.5 Pr0.33 for laminar flow, and
NuL = [0.036 Re0.8 - 836] Pr0.33for turbulent flow.
(OR)
c) Explain the significance of Grashoff number and Prandtl number. 5M
d) A vertical plate measuring 180 mm X 180 mm and at 50ºC is exposed to atmosphere 5M
at 10ºC. Calculate the heat loss by natural convection from one side of the plate.
5. a) Derive an expression of LMTD for parallel flow heat exchanger. 5M
b) A counter flow, concentric tube heat exchanger is designed to heat water from 20 0C 5M
to 80°C using hot oil, which is supplied to the annulus at 160°C and discharged at
140°C. The thin-walled inner tube has a diameter of Di = 20 mm, and the overall heat
transfer coefficient is 500 W/m2 K. The design condition calls for a total heat transfer
rate of 3000 W. What is the length of the heat exchanger?
(OR)
c) Explain film and dropwise condensation. 5M
d) Saturated water at 1000C is boiled with a copper heating element having a heating 5M
surface 5 x 10-2 m2 which is at uniform temperature 1150C. calculate the surface heat
flux and rate of evaporation.
6. a) State and prove Kirchhoff’s law of radiation. 5M
b) Consider a thin hallow cylinder of 8cm diameter and 10 cm length. If the radiant 5M
shape factor of the circular surface of the cylinder is 0.172, make calculations for the
shape factor of the curved surface of the cylinder with respect to itself.
(OR)
c) With respect to radiation heat transfer explain the following: 5M
i. Radiation Shield
ii. View factor
d) Determine the radiation heat flux between two closely spaced black parallel plates 5M
radiating only to each other if their temperatures are 850 K and 425 K respectively.
Recalculate the heat flux presuming that each plate has an emissivity of 0.5. In each
case plate have an area of 4 m2.
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5417

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
INTEGRATED ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Date: 17 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) What is the function of HPF in a circuit? 2M
b) What are the main characteristics of Astable multivibrator? 2M
c) Define slew rate of an op-amp. 2M
d) What is input offset current in op-amp? 2M
e) Give any two non-linear applications of OP-AMP. 2M
f) What is a summing amplifier and give one example of its application? 3M
g) What does PLL do? 3M
h) List the applications of 555 timer in monostable mode of operation. 3M
i) What are the advantages of R 2R ladder DAC? 3M
j) What are the different types of DAC? 3M
PART – B
2. a) How high pass RC circuit act as a differentiator? 5M
b) What is collector coupled Monostable multivibrator? 5M
(OR)
c) Explain Astable multivibrator circuit with relevant waveforms. 5M
d) Explain bistable multivibrator with neat sketch. 5M
3. a) List practical characteristics of Op-amp 741. 5M
b) What is dual input balanced output differential amplifier? 5M
(OR)
c) Explain the DC characteristics of an Op-Amp. 5M
d) Analyze the frequency response of an Op-Amp. 5M
4. a) Design differentiator circuit using Op-amp. 5M
b) Explain high pass filters using Op-amp. 5M
(OR)
c) What is op-amp bandpass filter? 5M
d) What is Schmitt trigger? Explain in detail. 5M
5. a) Draw the block diagram of PLL and comment on the function of each block. 5M
b) Draw and explain the functional block diagram of 555 IC. 5M
(OR)
c) What is monolithic PLL? What are its applications? 5M
d) What is the difference between an astable multivibrator and a monostable 5M
multivibrator using 555 timer?
6. a) Explain the working of weighted resistor DAC with circuit diagram. 5M
b) What are the advantages of dual slope ADC over single-slope ADC? 5M
(OR)
c) Why R-2R ladder digital to analog converter is preferable than binary weighted digital 5M
to analog converter?
d) What do you mean by flash analog to digital converters? 5M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5532

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
FUNDAMENTALS OF DBMS
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Date: 26 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) What is data model, schema and an instance? 3M
b) A person X wants to maintain information of items for his shop which has only one 3M
branch in a city. He doesn’t want to invest too much money. Write the suitable
option for the following for maintaining his information:
i. Type of the DBMS
ii. Type of the interface
iii. Is it necessary to have Security and Concurrency Control Features for his
database System?
c) List the three basic SQL Clauses. 3M
d) What is cursor? 3M
e) List the rules for Fifth normal form (5NF) 3M
f) Find the highest normal form in R (A, B, C, D, E) under following functional 3M
dependencies.
ABC --> D
CD --> AE
g) What is Commit and Rollback in transaction management 3M
h) List the reasons for a transaction failure. 3M
i) List the disadvantages of shadow paging. 3M
j) List any three transaction states. 3M
PART – B
2. a) Differentiate between file system approach and data base approach for storing data. 7M
b) Explain the significance of different types of DBMS systems. 7M
(OR)
c) Give the comparison among Physical Data Independence and Logical Data 7M
Independence
d) Explain the usage of ALTER TABLE ADD, DROP and MODIFY with the syntax for each. 7M
3. a) List and explain the six different SQL clauses. 7M
b) With an example, explain the nested queries. 7M
(OR)
c) Consider the following relations for a DB that keeps track of employees, the 7M
department they work in and projects they workon:
EMPLOYEE( Ename, SSN Address, gender, Salary, Dno, MgrSSN)
DEPARTMENT( Dname, Dno, MgrSSN, MgrStartdate)
PROJECT(Pname, Pno,Plocations,Dno)
Dept_Loc(Dno,Dlocation)
Work_On(ESSn,Pno,Hours)
Specify queries using SQL on the database:
i) List the Male employees who have salary in the range of 20K and 40K.
ii) List the manager details of each dept.
iii) List the Pname, Plocation whose project number is 10

Cont…2
 :: 2 ::

d) List the SQL commands which are used to modify the database. Explain with an 7M
example for each.
4. a) Discuss the informal guidelines for good relational design. 7M
b) List and explain the Additional Inference rules. 7M
(OR)
c) Exaplain 1NF,2NF, 3NF with suitable example for each. 7M
d) Explain the following: 7M
i. Super Key
ii. Tranitive functional dependency
iii. Prime Attribute
5. a) Bank transactions like credit, debit or transfer of amount from one account to another 7M
or updates on same account. Let Ti be a transaction that transfers 5000 from account
A to account B. Initially in account A 10000 and account B 20000 balance existed.
Represent this with list of transaction operations.
b) Explain different states of a transaction with the help of state transition Diagram. 7M
(OR)
c) Illustrate the working of timestamp ordering protocol by considering an example. 7M
d) Give the comparison among Conflict serializability and View serializability. 7M
6. a) Discuss Two-Phase Locking technique for concurrency control. 7M
b) List and Explain the need of Concurrency control. 7M
(OR)
c) Discuss the various methods of dead lock handling. 7M
d) Explain the basic time stamp ordering algorithm. 7M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5654

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
COMPUTER VISION
(Information Technology)
Date: 24 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Answer All Questions
PART – A
1. a) What is sampling and aliasing? 3M
b) List any six applications of Computer vision. 3M
c) Give the mathematical model for scattered data interpolation. 3M
d) What is regression? 3M
e) Give the model for ReLU activation function with a neat diagram 3M
f) Distinguish Supervised learning from Unsupervised learning. 3M
g) Explain briefly Convolutional neural networks. 3M
h) What are the different types of Pooling? 3M
i) Differentiate Precision and recall. 3M
j) Write the neat diagram of Bag of words algorithm. 3M
PART – B
2. a) Derive the Perspective projection using pinhole camera model. 7M
b) Give the 2D line equation and its homogeneous representation. Demonstrate with a 7M
diagram for the2D line: 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 6.
(OR)
c) Briefly discuss the hierarchy of 2D coordinate transformations. 7M
d) Explain the working of Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF). 7M
3. a) What is effect of choosing a larger value of λ (regularization parameter)? Explain with 7M
a diagram for M=9 degree polynomial fitting.
b) Define the Radial basis function. Give its equivalent linear system representation, for 7M
the given 3 control point correspondences 𝑥0 , 𝑑0 , (𝑥1 , 𝑑1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑑2 ).
(OR)
c) Explain the Digital Camera with a block diagram. 7M
d) Explain underfitting and overfitting using polynomial curves. 7M
4. a) Describe Traditional, machine learning, and deep learning pipelines with neat 7M
diagrams.
b) With the help of neat figures explain K-means and Gaussians mixture models. 7M
(OR)
c) Explain Decision trees and forests in detail. 7M
d) Explain the following: 7M
i. Clustering
ii. Various activation functions
5. a) Briefly discuss different parameters to determine the behavior of a convolutional 7M
layer.
b) Give the input as below: 7M
12 20 5 6 9 5
9 10 5 7 3 2
8 12 8 5 5 4
5 7 9 10 3 7
Compute:
i. Max pooling
ii. Average pooling
(OR)
Cont….2
 :: 2 ::

c) Explain stacking of convolution layers with a neat diagram. Why we need to add a 7M
Relu activation function while stacking of convolution layers?
d) What is self supervised learning? Explain different types of self supervised learning 7M
methods.
6. a) Illustrate Instance and class recognition. 7M
b) Describe how Pedestrian detection is done using histograms of oriented gradients. 7M
(OR)
c) Explain different phases in object recognition computer vision tasks. 7M
d) Describe face detection process in a three layer neural network. 7M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5115

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES
(Civil Engineering)
Date: 19 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) Discuss disadvantages of steel structures. 3M
b) Discuss any three modes of failure in welded connection. 3M
c) Discuss the modes of failure in tension members. 3M
d) Explain laterally supported beams. 3M
e) Write design steps for an angle loaded through one leg. 3M
f) Explain effective length. 3M
g) Explain the role of vertical stiffener with neat sketch 3M
h) Explain why horizontal stiffener is required. 3M
i) Discuss briefly laced and battened columns. 3M
j) Discuss disadvantages of welded connections. 3M
PART – B
2. a) Design a butt joint to connect two plates 200 x 12 mm using black bolts of M20 and 7M
grade 4.6 and plates are made of grade 410.
b) Design a lap joint between plates 100 x 8 mm so as to transmit a factored load of 7M
100 kN using 12 mm diameter black bolts of grade 4.6. The plates are made of steel
of grade Fe 410 (E-250). Find efficiency of joint.
(OR)
c) Mention the advantages of using HSFG bolts 4M
d) Two plates 200 x 10 mm and 200 x 8 mm are connected to form single ‘V’ and 10M
double ‘V’ butt joints. Determine the maximum tension, the joint can resists. Use Fe
410 steel with yield strength of 250 MPa and use shop welding.
3. a) Determine the tensile strength of the tie member ISA 100 x 75 x 8 connected to 14M
gusset plate using 4 bolts of M16 at a pitch of 60 mm and edge distance 40 mm. The
bolts are provided in a single row.
(OR)
c) Explain the procedure for laterally unsupported beams. 7M
d) Select the suitable section for a simply supported beam of effective span 5m. The 7M
beam carries an UDL of 20 kN/m (live load) and 15 kN/m (dead load). Checks are not
necessary.
4. a) Calculate the compressive resistance of 20020020mm angle, assuming that the 14M
angle is loaded through only one leg when it is connected by two bolts at the ends.
(OR)
c) Design a built up column using a pair of channel section placed back to back at a 14M
suitable spacing to support a load of 1600kN. Height of column is 5m with both the
ends of the column restrained in position and direction. Also design a single lacing
system to the built up column. Also draw the plan and elevation of built up column.

5. a) Design a welded plate girder to support a 10kN/m UDL and a 500kN concentrated 14M
load at mid span. The girder is simply supported with a span of 16m and has sufficient
lateral support for the compressive flange. Use 410 grade steel
Cont…2
 :: 2 ::

(OR)
c) Explain the design procedure for a plate girder. 7M
d) Explain lateral torsional buckling of plate girders. 7M
6. a) Explain the different types of loads considered during the analysis of trusses. 7M
b) Explain the components of roof truss with neat sketch. 7M
(OR)
c) Design an I-section purlin for an industrial building situated in the outskirt of 14M
Pondicherry to support a galvanized iron sheet roof for the following data.
Slope of truss= 30
Spacing of truss= 5.0 m
Span of truss = 15 m
Spacing of purlins = 2.5 m
Wind speed = 45 m/s
Weight of G.I iron sheet= 120 N/m2
Grade of steel= Fe 410
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5316

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
MACHINE DESIGN
(Mechanical Engineering)
Date: 17 May, 2022 Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) What are the methods to avoid surging in springs? 3M
b) What do you mean by overhauling in power screws? 3M
c) List any 3 desirable properties of a bearing material 3M
d) What are the different modes of Lubrication? 3M
e) Define dynamic load factor with respect to spur gears. 3M
f) What is virtual or formative helical gear? 3M
g) Mention the applications of bevel gears. 3M
h) Mention the applications of worm gear drive. 3M
i) What are the requirements of cylinder material? 3M
j) Why are connecting rods made of I-sections? 3M
PART – B
2. a) The valve spring of a gasoline engine is 40 mm long when the valve is open and 48 mm 14M
long when the valve is closed. The spring loads are 250N when the valve is closed and
400N when the valve is open. The inside diameter of the spring is not to be less than
25mm and factor of safety is 2. Design the spring.
(OR)
c) Prove that the efficiency of self-locking square threaded screw is less than 50%. 7M
d) Derive the amount of torque required to raise a load in power screw. 7M
3. a) A taper roller bearing has a dynamic load capacity of 26 kN. The desired life for 90% of 7M
the bearings is 8000 h and the speed is 300 rpm. Calculate the equivalent radial load
that the bearing can carry.
b) What are rolling contact bearings? Discuss their advantages over sliding contact 7M
bearings.
(OR)
c) Following data are given for a 360º hydrodynamic bearing: Radial load=3.2 kN 14M
Journal speed= 1490r.p.m.
Journal diameter=50 mm
Bearing length=50mm Radial
clearance=0.05 mm
Viscosity of the lubricant= 25 cP
Assuming that the total heat generated in the bearing is carried by the total oil flow in
the bearing, calculate:
i. Power lost in friction
ii. The coefficient of friction
iii. Minimum oil film thickness
iv. Temperature rise

Cont…2
 :: 2 ::

4. a) A bronze spur pinion rotating at 600 rpm drives a cast iron spur gear at a transmission 14M
ratio of 4:1. The allowable static stresses for the bronze pinion and cast iron gear are
84 MPa and 105 MPa respectively. The pinion has 16 standard 20° full depth involute
teeth of module 8 mm. The face width of both the gears is 90 mm. Find the power
that can be transmitted from the standpoint of strength.
(OR)
c) A pair of helical gears are to transmit 15 kW. The teeth are 20° stub in diametrical 14M
plane and have a helix angle of 45°. The pinion runs at 10000 r.p.m. and has 80 mm
pitch diameter. The gear has 320 mm pitch diameter. If the gears are made of cast
steel having allowable static strength of 100 MPa; determine a suitable module and
face width from static strength considerations and check the gears for wear, given σes
= 618 MPa.
5. a) Derive the expression to estimate beam strength in bevel gears. 7M
b) A worm drive transmits 15 kW at 2000 r.p.m. to a machine carriage at 75 r.p.m. The 7M
worm is triple threaded and has 65 mm pitch diameter. The worm gear has 90 teeth
of 6 mm module. The tooth form is to be 20° full depth involute. The coefficient of
friction between the mating teeth may be taken as 0.10. Calculate : 1. tangential force
acting on the worm ; 2. axial thrust and separating force on worm.
(OR)
c) Design a pair of bevel gears to transmit 12 kW at 300 rpm of the gear and 1470 rpm of 14M
the pinion. The angle between the shaft axes is 90º. The pinion has 20 teeth and the
material for gears is cast steel (0=183.33MPa), BHN=320. Take service factor as 1.25
and check the gears for wear and dynamic load.
6. a) A four stroke diesel engine has the following specifications: 14M
Brake Power = 5kW; Speed = 1200rpm;
Indicated mean effective pressure = 0.35 N/mm2;
Mechanical Efficiency = 80%.
Determine :
i. Bore and length of the cylinder
ii. Thickness of the cylinder head
iii. Size of studs for the cylinder head
(OR)
c) Discuss all the forces acting on the connecting rod. 14M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5358

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
ENERGY CONSERVATION AND RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES
(Mechanical Engineering)
Date: 24 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) Describe energy conservation. 3M
b) Differentiate between primary and seconeary sources of energy. 3M
c) Define use of Solar Distillation. 3M
d) Distinguish between Global Radiation and Diffuse Radiation. 3M
e) Mention the demerits of wind energy. 3M
f) Mention the advantages of vertical - axis wind turbines. 3M
g) Mention the benefits of Biomass energy. 3M
h) Explain an aerobic digestion. 3M
i) Explain the principle of energy extraction from OTEC systems. 3M
j) List the different resources of geothermal energy. 3M
PART – B
2. a) Explain the various energy scenario in India. 7M
b) Discuss the demand and consumption of energy in India. 7M
(OR)
c) Distinguish between conventional and nonconventional sources of energy. 7M
d) Discuss the effect of energy generation on a nation economy growth. 7M
3. a) Explain the working of sunshine recorder with a neat sketch. 7M
b) Distinguish between non concentric and concentric solar collectors. 7M
(OR)
c) Describe the working of Solar Water Heating System with neat sketch. 7M
d) Explain the working of Solar PV System with neat sketch. 7M
4. a) Describe the speed characteristics of wind energy. 7M
b) Derive the equation to calculate power developed by wind turbine. 7M
(OR)
c) Explain the working of horizontal –axis wind power plant with neat sketch. 7M
d) Describe the salient features of a vertical- axis wind turbine with the help a diagram. 7M
5. a) Discuss the working of fixed dome biogas plant with neat sketch. 7M
b) Explain the generation of ethanol from biomass. 7M
(OR)
c) Describe the working of Biochemical conversion to convert Biomass into useful fuel. 7M
d) Explain about IC engine operation using biogas. 7M
6. a) Explain Tidal Barrage Generation system with neat sketch 7M
b) Describe the power generation from hydro energy with neat sketch 7M
(OR)
c) Explain the working of any one type of OTEC system with neat sketch 7M
d) List the merits and demerits of geothermal energy. 7M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5633

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
FUNDAMENTAL OF CYBER SECURITY
(Computer Science and Engineering)
Date: 26 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) What Is Cyber Security Policy? 3M
b) List the different Enterprise Policy in cyber security. 3M
c) What is the use of cyber security metrics? 3M
d) What is MITRE? 3M
e) What cyber security auditor does? 3M
f) What is the role of ISACA? 3M
g) What are the Cyber Infrastructure Issues? 3M
h) State the impact of cyber-attack on Industrial Control Systems. 3M
i) What is SCADA System? 3M
j) Discuss the role of NIST for cyber security? 3M
PART – B
2. a) Briefly explain the difference between enterprise and government policy? 7M
b) Explain the terms Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability? Why it is main security 7M
objective? Explain in detail.
(OR)
c) What are the differences between Strategy and Policy? 7M
d) Briefly explain the cyber security challenges? 7M
3. a) Discuss the Security Management Goals. 7M
b) With a neat diagram, explain the Mobile device system framework. 7M
(OR)
c) Explain the e-Commerce system environment. 7M
d) Distinguish between Bolt-on versus design. 7M
4. a) Discuss about a Catalog Format in cyber security policy. 7M
b) Explain the different Cyber User Issues. 7M
(OR)
c) What is the role of ICANN? Discuss the role in internet. 7M
d) Discuss the feature of Email and Messaging. 7M
5. a) Explain Net Neutrality with example. 7M
b) How DNSSEC work? What are its objectives? 7M
(OR)
c) What do you mean by cyber conflict? 7M
d) How malvertising works? 7M
6. a) What do you mean by Fiduciary Responsibility? 7M
b) Why cybercrime is increasing? What types of cyber-crimes are increasing more and 7M
why? Write your own analysis?
(OR)
c) Briefly explain how the United States Air Force was cyber-attacked in March-May 7M
1994.
d) What could be the cyber security issues related to the health care system? Briefly 7M
discuss.
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5655

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
SOFTWARE TESTING METHODOLOGIES
(Information Technology)
Date: 24 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) Discuss the debugging process with example. 3M
b) What is a bug? Explain the metric used for bug importance. 3M
c) Describe Test Blindness with an example. 3M
d) Explain distributive laws and absorption rules with examples to each. 3M
e) Discuss the usage of Transaction flow graphs. 3M
f) Compare between static and dynamic anomaly detection. 3M
g) What is Selenium IDE and RC? 3M
h) List the benefits of automation testing. 3M
i) Explain Junit annotations with examples. 3M
j) How to resolve the import errors in JUnit tool. 3M
PART – B
2. a) Discuss the consequences of Bugs. 7M
b) What is debugging? Explain the various remedies for test bugs. 7M
(OR)
c) Differentiate between functional and structural testing. 7M
d) Explain the distinct kinds of a typical software testing. 7M
3. a) Write a brief note on path sensitizing. 7M
b) Write the control flow graph for the following code: 7M

(OR)
c) Explain the process of path selection by considering an example flow graph. 7M
d) Explain different methods of path instrumentation. 7M
4. a) Define a transaction flow testing. Discuss the transaction flow testing techniques. 7M
b) Explain the unforgiving data flow anomaly state graph with diagram. 7M
(OR)
c) Define data flow anomaly. Discuss the static and dynamic anomaly detection with 7M
suitable examples.
d) Discuss the data flow graph with suitable examples. List the benefits of data flow 7M
graphs.

Cont…2
 :: 2 ::
5. a) Give the comparison among Selenium RC and WebDriver. 7M
b) Explain the significance of different components of selenium WebDriver. 7M
(OR)
c) Explain the procedure to record a script using Selenium. 7M
d) Explain the working of Test Automation for Web Application. 7M
6. a) Discuss how formatting and exporting is performed using IDE. 7M
b) What is Unit Test Case and explain test suit in JUnit?. 7M
(OR)
c) Explain the steps followed in running the Junit test. 7M
d) What is the purpose of Test annotation? Explain the important JUnit annotations? 7M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5031

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
NUMERICAL TECHNIQUES
(Information Technology)
Date: 26 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) Find the root of the equation Cosx  xe x using the bisection method. 3M
[ four iterations].
b) Find the positive root of x 4  x  10  0 by iteration. 3M
c) The function y  sin x is tabulated below 3M
x 0  
4 2
sinx 0 0.7071 1.0
Using Lagrange’s interpolation formula find the value of sin  .
6
d) Find f(2.5) from the following table. 3M
x 1 2 3 4
f(x) 1 8 27 64
6
dx 3M
e) Evaluate  . By using Simpsons’ 1/3 rule.
1 x
2
0

f) Fit a straight line y=a+bx to the following data by the method of least square 3M
X 0 1 3 6 8
y 1 3 2 5 4
g) Using Taylor’s series method find y at x=0.2 for DE y   2 y  3 e , y ( 0 )  0 .
x
3M
dy
h) Using Euler’s method solve y at x=2 from  3 x  1, y (1 )  2
2
by taking h=0.5. 3M
dx
i) Write the formula of Schmidt explicit method and build the special case when λ = ½. 3M
 u  u  u
2 2 2

j) Classify the equation (1  x )

2
 (5  2 x )
2
 (4  x )
2
 0. 3M
x xt t
2 2

PART – B
2. a) Find a real root of the equation xe  cos x  0 using Newton-Raphson method.
x
7M
b) Solve 28 x  4 y  z  32 , , 2 x  17 y  4 z  35 , x  3 y  10 z  24 . by Gauss- Seidel 7M
method.
(OR)
c) Using Jacobi’s iteration method solve 7M
5 x  y  z  10 ; 2 x  8 y  z  11 ;  x  y  4 z  3 .
d) Find a real root of the equation xe x  2 using Regula Falsi method. 7M

Cont…2
 :: 2 ::

3. a) Find f(2.5) using Newton’s forward formula from the following table: 7M
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
y 0 1 16 81 256 625 1296
b) Use Gauss backward interpolation formula to find f(32) given that f(25)=0.2707, 7M
f(30)=0.3027, f(35)=0.3386, f(40)=0.3794.
(OR)
0 .6
rd x
2
7M
c) Use Simpson’s 1/3 rule to find e dx by taking seven ordinates.
0

d) Use Gauss forward interpolation formula to find f(3.3) from the following table : 7M
x 1 2 3 4 5
f(x) 15.30 15.10 15.00 14.50 14.00

2
dy d y
4. a) From the following table of values of x and y, obtain and for x=1.5. 7M
2
dx dx
x 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
y 3.375 7.0 13.625 24.0 38.875 59.0
b) Using the method of least squares determine the constants a and b such that 7M
y  ae fits the following data.
bx

x 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5

y 0.10 0.45 2.15 9.15 40.35 180.75
(OR)
c) Fit a parabola of the form y  a  bx  cx to the following data
2
7M
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
y 23 5.2 9.7 16.5 29.4 35.5 54.4
5 .2

d) Evaluate  log xdx by Simpson’s 3/8 th rule, take seven ordinates. 7M

4

5. a) Employ Taylor’s method to obtain approximate value of y at x=0.2 for the differential 7M
dy
 2 y  3e
x
equation , y(0)=0.
dx
b) Using Euler’s method, find an approximate value of y corresponding to x=1, given that 7M
dy
 x y and y=1 when x=0 by taking h=0.1.
dx
(OR)
Solve  y  x dx   y  x dy for x=0(0.2)0.4 given y=1 x=0 initially by applying
2 2 2 2
c) 7M
Range – Kutta method of order 4.
d) The following table gives the solution 5 xy  y  2  0 . Find the value of y at x=4.5
l 2
7M
using Milne’s predictor and corrector formula. Use the corrector formula twice.
X 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4
Y 1.0000 1.0049 1.0007 1.0143 1.0187

6. a) Solve u xx  u yy  0 by Leibmann’s iteration process for the domain of the figure given 7M
below.

Cont…3
 :: 3 ::

u  u
2

b) Solve the equation  , subject to the conditions u ( x , 0 )  sin  x , 0  x  1; 7M

t x
2

u ( 0 , t )  u (1, t )  0 . Carry out computations for two levels taking h=1/3, k=1/36.
(OR)
u  u
2

c) Use Crank-Nicolson method to solve  subject to the conditions 7M

t x
2

u ( x , 0 )  0 , u ( 0 , t )  0 and u(1, t)  t. Take h=1/4. Compute for one time step.

u 1  u
2

d) Solve by Bendre-Smith method  . Subject to the conditions 7M

t 2 x
2

u ( 0 , t )  u ( 4 , t )  0 and u ( x , 0 )  x ( 4  x ).
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5114

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
(Civil Engineering)
Date: 17 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) With the help of neat sketch, explain infiltration gallery? 2M
b) Define per capita water demand? 2M
c) Illustrate any two methods of storm water quantity estimation. 2M
d) Explain the theory of filtration? 2M
e) With the help of sketch, enumerate catch basins. 2M
f) List different types of Traps. 3M
g) Explain the need of screens in wastewater treatment. 3M
h) Define BOD and state its importance. 3M
i) What is meant by sewage farming? 3M
j) What do you mean by self purification of rivers? 3M
PART – B
2. a) Explain with the help of a neat sketch the construction and working of a reservoir 5M
intake
b) The following data have been noted from the census department. Determine the 5M
probable population in the year 2050 by Arithmetic and Geometric increase method:
YEAR 1990 2000 2010 2020
POPULATION 8000 12000 17000 22500
(OR)
c) Enumerate the factors affecting per capita demand. 5M
d) Explain with the help of a neat sketch fluctuations in water demand. 5M
3. a) With a sketch, explain the conventional water treatment plant. 5M
b) With a neat sketch, explain the working of a rapid sand filters. 5M
(OR)
c) Write a note on the various forms of chlorination. 5M
d) Design a rapid sand filter to treat a demand of 15MLD. Assume rate of filtration as 5M
3000 l/hr/sq. m. take 45 minutes as back washing and 2% of water is used for
backwashing.
4. a) Explain the factors to be considered while selecting a particular material for a sewer 5M
b) Compare conservancy and water carriage system of sanitation 5M
(OR)
c) Explain the basic principle of house drainage 5M
d) Explain with a neat sketch discuss the working of automatic flushing tank. 5M
5. a) Illustrate the working of an Activated sludge process along with a flow diagram. 5M
b) Explain with a flow diagram of a conventional sewage treatment plant. 5M
(OR)
c) Give the significance of skimming tank and grit chamber in sewage treatment plant. 5M
d) With a help of a neat sketch elaborate the working of trickling filter in wastewater. 5M

Cont…2
 ::2::

6. a) Explain the Factors affecting sludge digestion process 5M

b) With the help of a Sketch explain the working of an oxidation ditch 5M
(OR)
c) Explain the factors affecting self-purification of rivers 5M
d) Explain with a neat sketch construction and working process of a septic tank 5M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5154

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
WATER RESOURCE ENGINEERING-II
(Civil Engineering)
Date: 24 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) Define Reservoir yield and Catchment yield. 3M
b) Classify dams based on the Material of Construction. 3M
c) Explain the contraction joints in gravity dam. 3M
d) Discuss high and low gravity dams. 3M
e) Provide a brief note on the spillway crest gates. 3M
f) Discuss the essential requirements of a spillway. 3M
g) Distinguish between weir and barrage. 3M
h) What do you understand by silt excluder and silt ejector? 3M
i) Compare between aqueduct and siphon aqueduct. 3M
j) What do you understand by a fall in a canal? 3M
PART – B
2. a) Illustrate Zones of storage of a reservoir with the help of neat sketch. 7M
b) The following information is available regarding the relationship between trap 7M
efficiency and capacity inflow ratio.
Capacity inflow ratio 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
Trap efficiency (%) 88 93 95 95.5 96 96.5 97 97.5 97.5 98
Find the probable life of the reservoir with an initial reservoir capacity of 30 Mm 3, if the
average annual flood inflow is 60Mm 3 and the average annual sediment inflow is
2,00,000 tones. Assume a specific weight of the sediment equal to 1.2 gm/c.c. the usual
life of the reservoir will terminate when 80 % of its initial capacity is filled with
sediment.
(OR)
c) Discuss the factors affecting selection of site for a reservoir. 7M
d) Define Mass curve. Discuss the detailed procedure to estimate reservoir capacity using 7M
mass curve.
3. a) Discuss the various causes of failure of a gravity dam. 7M
b) Following data were obtained from the stability analysis of a concrete gravity dam. 7M
i. Total overturning moment about toe = 1.2X106kN m
ii. Total resisting moment about toe = 2.1X106kN m
iii. Total vertical force above base = 45,000 kN
iv. Base width of the dam = 50 m
v. Slope of the d/s face = 0.8H:1V
Calculate the maximum and minimum vertical stresses to which the foundation will
be subjected to. What is the maximum principal stress at toe? Assume there is no
tail water.
(OR)
c) With the help of neat sketch discuss the elementary profile of gravity dam. 7M
d) A masonry dam 9 m high is 2 m wide at top and 5.5 m wide at the bottom, with 7M
vertical water face. Determine the normal stresses at the toe and heel for reservoir
 empty and full conditions. Take R.D. of masonry as 2.4 and c = 1.
Cont…2

:: 2 ::
4. a) Explain the various seepage control measures required for earth dams. 7M
b) Explain the causes of failure of earth dams. 7M
(OR)
c) How spillways are classified? Describe briefly any two types of spillways. 7M
d) Provide a brief note on Energy Dissipaters and stilling basins. 7M
5. a) Discuss in brief various causes of failure of weirs on permeable foundations and their 7M
remedies.
b) Explain the procedure for the design of a vertical drop weir. 7M
(OR)
c) With the help of neat sketch describe the components of diversion head works. 7M
d) An impervious floor of a weir on permeable soil is 16 m long and has sheet piles at 7M
both the ends. The upstream pile is 4 m deep and the downstream pile is 5 m deep.
The weir creates a net head of 2.5 m. Neglect the thickness of the weir floor, calculate
the uplift pressure at the junction of the inner faces of the pile with the weir floor, by
using Khosla’s theory.
6. a) What do you understand by a fall in a canal? Why it is necessary? How do you select 7M
its location?
b) Explain the procedure of designing Sarda type fall. 7M
(OR)
c) What are the main functions of head regulator and cross regulator? 7M
d) With neat sketches explain the cross drainage works constructed for bypassing canal 7M
over drainage.
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5116

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING-II
(Civil Engineering)
Date: 21 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks:100
Answer All Questions

PART – A
1. a) Distinguish between undisturbed and disturbed samples. 3M
b) List and explain the corrections to be applied to the observed value of standard 3M
penetration number in standard penetration test.
c) What are the three forces acting in circular failure while analysis through friction circle 3M
method?
d) Define Stability number. 3M
e) Compare Rankine’s and Coulomb’s theory. 3M
f) A loose, natural sand deposit has a saturated unit weight of 19.3kN/m3 and an angle 3M
of internal friction of 29. The water table is at ground surface. What is the total lateral
earth pressure at rest at a depth of 10m?
g) Compare safe bearing capacity and allowable bearing pressure. 3M
h) With neat sketches, explain general shear failure and punching shear failure. 3M
i) Distinguish between end bearing and friction piles. 3M
j) Write a note on ‘negative skin friction’. 3M
PART – B
2. a) Describe with a neat sketch how will you carry out the wash boring method of soil 7M
exploration. What are its merits and demerits?
b) Explain with sketch a typical borelog. 7M
(OR)
c) Write a short note on Geophysical exploration using electrical resistivity. 7M
d) Discuss the importance of soil exploration in foundation design. 7M
3. a) Explain various causes of failure of slopes with neat sketches. 7M
b) A 6 m deep canal has side slopes of 1.5 H:1 V. The properties of soil are Cu=25 7M
kN/m2,u=12, e=0.75 and G=2.67. If the Taylor’s stability number is 0.108, determine
the factor of safety with respect to cohesion when the canal runs full. Also find the
same in case of sudden draw down condition, if Taylor’s stability number for this
condition is 0.129.
(OR)
c) Derive the equation of factor of safety of an infinite slope in cohesion less soil and 7M
cohesive soil in dry condition.
d) An embankment is to be constructed with C= 50 kN/m2, Ø=20°,  =20 kN/m3, F.S=2 7M
and height is 10 m. Design the required side slope. Taylor’s stability numbers are as
follows.
Slope angle 90 75 60 45 30 20 10
Sn 0.182 0.134 0.097 0.062 0.025 0.005 0
Also find the F.S, if the slope is 1 V: 2 H, given Ø=20°.

Cont…2
 :: 2 ::

4. a) Derive the expressions for active earth pressure in cohesive and cohesion less soils 7M
using Rankine’s theory.
b) A retaining wall 12 m high retains a purely cohesive soil whose properties are 7M
C = 10kN/m2 and  = 20 kN/m3. What is the total active Rankine thrust on the wall?. At
what depth is the intensity of pressure is zero?
(OR)
c) Write a short note on the following terms: 7M
i. Active Earth pressure
ii. Passive Earth pressure
iii. Earth pressure at rest
d) A 6 m high retaining wall retains a cohesive soil whose properties are C=10 kN/m 2, 7M
=20,  = 16 kN/m3. Calculate the depth of tension cracks and also calculate the total
active earth pressure on the wall, neglecting the tension zone. Draw the earth
pressure diagram.
5. a) What are the different settlements of footings? Explain. 7M
b) A normally consolidated clay layer is 18 m thick. Natural water content is 40 %, 7M
Saturated unit weight is 17.5 kN/m3, specific gravity is 2.67 and liquid limit is 60%. The
vertical stress increment at the centre of clay layer due to foundation load is 10
kN/m2. Determine the settlement.
(OR)
c) List the assumptions made in Terzaghi’s bearing capacity theory. Also, explain the 7M
effect of water table on bearing capacity of soils.
d) The footing of a column is 2.25 m square and is founded at a depth of 1 m on a 7M
cohesive soil of unit weight 17.5 kN/m3. What is the safe load for this footing if
cohesion = 30 kN/m2; angle of internal friction is zero and factor of safety is 3.
Terzaghi’s factors for φ = 0° are Nc = 5.7, Nq = 1, and Nγ = 0.
6. a) Explain pile load test with a sketch. 7M
b) A 16-pile group has to be arranged in the form of a square in soft clay with uniform 7M
spacing. Neglecting end-bearing, determine the optimum value of the spacing of the
piles in terms of the pile diameter, assuming a shear mobilisation factor of 0.6.
(OR)
c) Describe the steps involved in the design of pile foundation. 7M
d) A group of 16 piles of 50 cm diameter is arranged with a centre to centre spacing of 7M
1.0 m. The piles are 9 m long and are embedded in soft clay with cohesion 30 kN/m 2.
Bearing resistance may be neglected for the piles—Adhesion factor is 0.6. Determine
the ultimate load capacity of the pile group.
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5018

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
ESSENCE OF INDIAN TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE
(Common to Computer Science and Engineering, Information Technology &
Civil Engineering)
Date: 28 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Answer All Questions

1. a) Define traditional knowledge. Explain how it helps in day to day life. 3M

b) Explain the difference between documented traditional knowledge and publicly known
3M
traditional knowledge.
c) Examine how IPR helps the local people through Geographical Indications. 3M
d) Define trademarks and trade secrets. 3M
e) Demonstrate the role of Traditional knowledge in organic farming. 3M
f) Summarize the contribution of India to mathematics. 3M
g) Elaborate AYUSH. Explain its significance. 3M
h) Illustrate Indian contribution to medicine through examples. 3M
i) Discuss any two art forms in painting. 3M
j) Discuss the architectural magnificence of any historical temple/monument you visited in 3M
India

2. a) What is your idea of traditional knowledge? Discover the role of TKDL in the protection of 7M
Traditional knowledge in India.
b) Outline the nature of traditional knowledge and write briefly about traditional ecological 7M
knowledge(TEK) and Traditional Technical Knowledge(TTK).
(OR)
c) Define Traditional knowledge and illustrate a few traditional knowledge based practices 7M
followed by different communities.
d) Explain the importance of Indigenous Knowledge. Give your understanding of Indigenous 7M
Knowledge versus Traditional Knowledge.

3. a) Explain how IPR protects plant varieties. 7M

b) Discuss the features of TKDL and identify the role of government in harnessing traditional 7M
knowledge.
(OR)
c) Explain how ‘The Biological Diversity Act’ helps in the protection of traditional knowledge. 7M
d Examine the issues relating to protection of traditional knowledge with reference to 7M
Neem and Turmeric.

4. a) Compare your understanding of traditional knowledge and modern science. Illustrate the 7M
difference between traditional agriculture and modern agriculture.
b) Discuss any three significant scientific discoveries contributed by India. 7M
(OR)
c) Discuss briefly the farming systems in India. 7M
d) Analyze India’s significant contribution to global science. 7M

5. a) Correlate the general benefits of yoga to live quality life. 7M

b) Discuss the traditional medicines practiced in India and explain any two traditional 7M
medicine systems in relation to the contemporary world.
Cont…2
 ::2::

(OR)
c) Explain the role of Yoga in holistic health care and its effectiveness on human lifestyle. 7M
d) Identify the role of government in promoting AYUSH. 7M

6. a) Explain in detail any two folk paintings of India. 7M

b) Examine the importance of traditional art forms in the international market. 7M
(OR)
c) Explain the handicrafts of Telangana or Andhra Pradesh. 7M
d) Illustrate briefly any four dance forms of India. 7M
Hall Ticket No: Question Paper Code: A5019

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, May – 2022
(Regulations: VCE-R19)
INDIAN CONSTITUTION
(Common to Electronics and Communication Engineering,
Electrical and Electronics Engineering & Mechanical Engineering)
Date: 28 May, 2022 FN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Answer All Questions

1. a) Outline the importance and salient features of Indian Constitution. 3M

b) Illustrate the major committees of constituent assembly. 3M
c) What do you understand by “Parliament form of Government”? 3M
d) What do you understand by the term Constitutional Amendments? 3M
e) Interpret Social justice and Political Justice. 3M
f) Summarize in detail about Liberty, Equality and Fraternity. 3M
g) Outline the importance of Right to Information Act. 3M
h) Identify the salient features of Jan lokpal Bill. 3M
i) What are Fundamental Rights and how are they helpful to the society? 3M
j) Explain the justifications for Constitutional incorporation of Fundamental Rights. 3M

2. a) List about the main provisions of Indian Independence Act 1947. 7M

b) Make use of the dynamic role of Supreme Court in public causes leading to public interest
7M
litigation.
(OR)
c) Apply the outstanding features of our Indian Constitution. 7M
d) Analyze the Historical evolution of Indian Constitution. 7M

3. a) Examine the basic structure of Indian Constitution. 7M

b) Classify the federal and Unitary features of Indian Constitution. 7M
(OR)
c) Identify the factors that led Indian Leaders to develop Indian Constitution. 7M
d List out the salient features of Draft Constitution submitted by the Drafting Committee. 7M

4. a) Identify the importance of Preamble to the Indian Constitution. 7M

b) Examine preamble to the constitution and how it sets out the aims and aspirations of the
7M
people of India.
(OR)
c) List out the powers and functions of High Court of India. 7M
d) List out the powers and functions of Supreme Court of India. 7M

5. a) Make use of Jan Lokpal bill, how is it useful to the society. 7M

b) Analyze the benefits of Right to Education act and how is it helpful to increase the literacy
7M
rate.
(OR)
c) Examine the importance of Right to Information Act in Indian Constitution. 7M
d) Make use of Anti Defection law and its importance in Indian Constitution. 7M

6. a) Examine the scope of Right to Equality and equal protection of Laws under Indian 7M
Constitution.
b) Make use of the concept of Secularism in Indian Constitution with respect to case laws. 7M
(OR)
c) Analyze the importance of fundamental rights stated in the Indian Constitution. 7M
d) Distinguish between freedom of speech and freedom of expression in Indian 7M
Constitution.