NON - DESTRUCTIVE TESTING

1. When considering the advantages of site radiography over ultrasonic inspection which
of the following applies?
a. A permanent record produced, good for detecting lack of sidewall fusion in a single U
butt weld and defect identification
b. A permanent record produced, good for the detection of all surface and sub surface defects
and assessing the through thickness depths of defects
c. Permanent record produced, good for defect identification and not as reliant upon
surface preparation
d. No controlled areas required on site, a permanent record produced and good for assessing
pipe wall thickness reductions due to internal corrosion
e. Both a & c

2. Ultrasonic testing is preferable to radiographic testing due to:

a. its ability to detect all defects
b. lower amount of operator skill required
c. its ability to detect laminations
d. its ability to detect both sub-surface and surface defects in Austenitic stainless steel

3. Which NDT method would never be used on a 6" diameter aluminum butt weld?
a. Radiography
b. Ultrasonic inspection
c. Magnetic particle inspection
d. Dye penetrant inspection

4. The European Standard for NDE of fusion welds by visual examination is…..
a. EN 288
b. EN 499
c. EN 287
d. EN 970

5. What determines the penetrating power of Gamma rays?

a. time
b. type of isotope
c. source-to-film distance
d. source strength

6. A penetrameter is used to measure……….

a. the size of a discontinuity in a weld joint
b. the density of a radiographic film
c. the degree of film contrast
d. the quality of the radiographic technique

7. Ultrasonic testing has an advantage over other NDT methods for the detection of……..
a. lack of sidewall fusion
b. root undercut
c. incomplete filled groove
d. root concavity

8. For gamma radiography of a steel weld at 40mm thick, the recommended isotope is………
a. thulium 170
b. ytterbium 169
c. iridium 192
 d. cobalt 60

9. The sensitivity of a radiograph is assessed …….

a. by using a densitometer
b. by using an image quality indicator (IQI)
c. from the KVA used
d. from stand-off used

10. NDT is sometimes specified to be cariied out no less than 48 hours after completion
of welding so that:
a. time is allowed for welding records to be reviewed
b. time is allowed for final visual inspection
c. time is allowed for any stress relaxation to occur
d. time is allowed for any hydrogen cracks will be detected

11. The penetrating power of an X-Ray set is expressed in………

a. KV
b. curies
c. the IQI value
d. the number after the isotope type

12. Which of the following NDT methods can only detect surface breaking defects
a. MPI
b. DPI
c. UT
d. RT
e. both a & b

13. When considering radiography using X-ray, which of the following techniques is most likely
to be used for a pipe to pipe weld (circumferential seam), 610mm diameter with no internal
access?
a. SWSI
b. DWSI
c. DWDI
d. SWSI - panoramic

14. On a radiograph, the most likely appearance of lack of root fusion on a single V butt weld is:
a. a dark straight line with a light root
b. a dark root with a straight edges
c. a dark uneven line following the edge of the root
d. none of the above lack of root fusion can not be seen on a radiograph

15. Which of the following NDT methods would be the least effective on an austenitic stainless
butt weld
a. UT
b. RT
c. DPI
d. MPI

16. The usual method of assessing the sensitivity and density of a radiograph is by means of:
a. densitometer and dosimeter
b. penetrameter and a densitometer
c. IQI and a dosimeter
d. IQI and a fluxmeter
17. The usual method of assessing the sensitivity of radiograph is by means of a:
a. dosimeter
b. flouroscope
c. IQI (penetrameter)
d. clinometer

18. Which of the following methods of NDT would be most likely to detect lack of sidewall fusion
in ferritic steel welds?
a. penetrants
b. magnetic particles
c. radiography
d. ultrasonic flaw detector

19. You suspected that ferritic steel plates, which have been edge, prepared contain crack in the
prepared edges. Which NDT method would you use to check this?
a. Radiography
b. Magnetic particle
c. Penetrants
d. Ultrasonic flaw detector

20. In X-ray the quality of the radiograph negative is assessed by the?

a. density of the film
b. IQI indicator
c. KVA available
d. stand-off distance

21. Penetrant and Magnetic particle inspection are mainly used to:
a. aid visual inspection
b. because application standard says so
c. to confirm "visual uncertainties"
d. all of the above

22. Ultrasonic testing is of advantage in detecting which of the following weld imperfections
over other NDT methods:
a. lack of sidewall fusion
b. surface undercut
c. incomplete filled groove
d. overlap

23. Generally the most suitable method of detecting lack of sidewall fusion would be:
a. ultrasonic
b. MPI
c. radiography
d. penetrants

24. The use of cobalt as an isotope would generally be used on:

a. thin materials
b. tee joints
c. plate thickness greater than 25mm
d. none of the above

25. Ultrasonic would be prefer over radiography due to:

a. ability to find more defects
b. lowest skill requirements
 c. abilty to detect lamination
d. both a & c

26. Which form of NDT could be used on a fillet weld on aluminum?

a. dye penetrant testing
b. ultrasonic testing
c. radiography
d. MPI
e. a, b and c
f. d only
g. all of the above

27. Which of the following NDT methods would not detect sub-surface defects?
a. MPI
b. dye penetrant testing
c. ultrasonic testing
d. radiography
e. all of the above would detect sub-surface defects

28. Which NDT method would never be use on a 6" aluminum pipe weld?
a. radiography
b. magnetic particle inspection
c. ultrasonic testing
d. dye penetrant testing
Which of the following is applicable for none planar defects?
a They are always repaired.
b Their existence will result in the removal of the entire weld.
c They are not usually as significant as planar defects.
d They can only be detected using radiography.
Which of the following NDT methods can only detect surface breaking defects?
a MPI
b DPI.
c UT & RT
d Both a & b
Which of the following defects would show up as light indications on a radiograph?
a Slag inclusions and copper inclusion.
b Tungsten inclusions and excessive root penetration.
c Cap undercut and root piping.
d Excessive cap height and incomplete root penetration
When considering radiography using X-ray, which of the following techniques is most likely to be used for a pipe
a SWSI.
b DWSI.
c DWDI.
d SWSI-panoramic.
On a radiograph, the most likely appearance of lack of root fusion on a single-V butt weld is:
a A dark straight line with a light root.
b A dark root with straight edges.
c A dark uneven line following the edge of the root
d None of the above lack of root fusion can not be seen on a radiograph.
Which of the following NDT methods would be the least effective on an austenitic stainless stee
 a UT.
b RT.
c DPI.
d MPI.
The usual method of assessing the sensitivity and density of a radiograph is by means of:
a Densitometer and dosimeter.
b Penetrameter and a densitometer.
c IQI and a dosimeter.
d IQI and a fluxmeter.
When considering the advantages of site radiography over ultrasonic inspection which of the following applie
a A permanent record produced, good for detecting lack of sidewall fusion in a single U butt weld and defect iden
b A permanent record produced, good for the detection of all surface and sub-surface defects and assessing the
c Permanent record produced, good for defect identification and not as reliant upon surface preparation.
d No controlled areas required on site, a permanent record produced and good for assessing pipe wall thickness
Austenitic stainless steel can be identified by:
a Very shiny appearance.
b Lack of magnetic attraction.
c Its extreme hardness.
d None of the above
Ultrasonic testing is preferable to radiographic testing due to:
a Its ability to detect all defects.
b Lower amount of operator skill required.
c Its ability to detect laminations.
d Its ability to detect both sub-surface and surface defects in Austenitic stainless steel.
Generally the most suitable method of detecting lack of sidewall fusion on a single-V butt weld
a Ultrasonic testing.
b Radiographic testing
c Magnetic particle testing
d Both a and b.
Lamellar tearing has occurred in a steel fabrication BEFORE welding, which of the following tes
a Radiographic testing.
b Ultrasonic testing.
c Magnetic particle testing.
d It could not be found by any testing method.
In X-ray radiography, if the kilo voltage is increase:
a The radiographic sensitivity will increase.
b The depth of penetration will reduce.
c The depth of penetration will increase.
d Kilo voltage has very little effect on penetration.
Which of the following steels is non-magnetic?
a 18%Cr, 8% Ni
b 2.25 Cr 1 Mo
c 9% Cr, 1 Mo
d 9% Ni
What determines the penetrating power of Gamma rays?
a time
b type of isotope
c source-to-film distance
d source strength
A penetrameter is used to measure …
a the side of the discontinuity in a weld joint
 b the density of a radiographic film
c the degree of film contrast
d the quality of the radiographic technique
Which of following would be classed as the most serious type of defect?
a a buried linear slag inclusion
b buried lack of inter-run fusion
c surface breaking lack of sidewall fusion
d surface porosity
Ultrasonic testing has an advantage over other NDT methods for the detection of …
a lack of side wall fusion
b root undercut
c incomplete fillet groove
d root concavity
For Gamma radiography of a steel weld at THK35mm, the recommended isotope is …
a Thulium 170
b Ytterbium 169
c Iridium 192
d Cobalt 60
The sensitivity of radiograph is assessed …
a by using a densitometer
b by using an image quality indicator (IQI)
c from the kVA used
d from stand-off used
Dye Penetrant testing (PT) is good for defects
a That is buried under the weld surface
b With surface opening
c On materials of porous charactistic
d All of the above
Surface defects on Austenic Stainless Steel is detectable with
a Magnetic Particale Testing (MT)
b Visual Inspection (VI)
c Hardness Testing (HT)
d Dye penetrant testing (PT)
Various methods of applying Magnetism to testing components are
a Flexible cable
b Prods
c AC and DC yoke
d All of the above
The instrument used to access the radiograph quality is
a Dosimeter
b Image Quality Indicator
c Densitometer
d Survey meter
The radioraphy technique where the image is ellipse and applied on pipe with diameter < 100 m
a DWDI.
b SWSI - paronamic
c DWSI
d SWSI
Which of the substance below is not an Isotope?
a Iridium 192
b Cobalt 60
c Cobalt 59
 d All of the above
Ultrasonic testing is an advantage over radiographic testing due to…
a It can detect lamination the the plate
b It good for detecting Internal Lack of sidewall fusion
c It can be used for thickness gauging
d All of the above
The different type of probes used for Ultrasonic testing are
a Compression and Shear probes
b Square probes
c Single crystal probes
d Twin crystal probes
Disadvantage of UT compare to RT is
a Need a smooth surface preparation
b Surface may contaminate due to excess couplant
c Can Identify Defect type
d a and b
Which is the following Isotope woud be the longest half-life?
a Iridium 192 (Ir)
b Ytterbium 169 (Yb)
c Cobalt 60 (Co)
d Caesium 137 (Cs)
a radiograph?

st likely to be used for a pipe to pipe weld (circumferential seam), 610mm diameter with no internal access?

a single-V butt weld is:

n austenitic stainless steel butt weld.

 aph is by means of:

which of the following applies?

ngle U butt weld and defect identification.
rface defects and assessing the through thickness depths of defects.
pon surface preparation.
for assessing pipe wall thickness reductions due to internal corrosion.

n on a single-V butt weld (30 o to 35o bevel angles) would be:

which of the following test methods could have detected it?

etection of …

ed isotope is …

pe with diameter < 100 mm is

nal access?