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L3 BlockDiagram

This document provides an overview of block diagram models for control systems. It defines the key components of block diagrams, including signals, systems/blocks, summing junctions, and pick-off/take-off points. It then discusses the transfer function of negative feedback systems and defines various terms related to block diagrams such as open loop transfer function, feed forward transfer function, control ratio, feedback ratio, error ratio, and closed loop transfer function. Examples are given of block diagram representations of a servomotor and how block diagrams can be manipulated through various equivalences. Homework is assigned on the topic.

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Raj Patel
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59 views

L3 BlockDiagram

This document provides an overview of block diagram models for control systems. It defines the key components of block diagrams, including signals, systems/blocks, summing junctions, and pick-off/take-off points. It then discusses the transfer function of negative feedback systems and defines various terms related to block diagrams such as open loop transfer function, feed forward transfer function, control ratio, feedback ratio, error ratio, and closed loop transfer function. Examples are given of block diagram representations of a servomotor and how block diagrams can be manipulated through various equivalences. Homework is assigned on the topic.

Uploaded by

Raj Patel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Control Systems

Subject Code: EC380

Lecture 3: Block Diagram Models

Surajit Panja
Associate Professor
Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Indian Institute of Information Technology Guwahati


Bongora, Guwahati-781015
1
Introduction
> A Block Diagram is a shorthand pictorial representation of the
cause-and-effect relationship of a system.

> Block diagram has four components:


Signals
System/ block
Summing junction Error

Pick-off/ Take-off point

> The simplest form of the block diagram is the single block,
with one input and one output.
Transfer Function of Negative Feedback Systems
Different Definitions Related to Block Diagram
B(s)
1. Open loop transfer function: = G(s)H(s)
E(s)
C(s)
2. Feed Forward Transfer function: = G(s)
E(s)
C(s) G(s)
3. Control ratio: =
R(s) 1+ G(s)H(s) G(s)
E(s)
4. Feedback ratio: B(s) = G(s)H(s)
R(s) 1+ G(s)H(s)
5. Error ratio: E(s) 1 B(s)
=
R(s) 1+ G(s)H(s)
H(s)
6. Closed loop transfer function: C(s) G(s)
= R - Input Signal
R(s) 1+ G(s)H(s)
7. Characteristic equation: C- Output Signal
1+ G(s)H(s)= 0 E- Error Signal
.

B- Feedback Signal
SERVOMOTOR

K. Ogata, Modern Control Engineering, Prentice Hall India, 2010.


Block Diagram of Servomotor

K. Ogata, Modern Control Engineering, Prentice Hall India, 2010.


What is the transfer function, Y(s)/R(s)= ?
Original Diagram Equivalent Diagram

1. Combining blocks in Cascade:

2. Moving a summing point behind a block:


Original Diagram Equivalent Diagram

3. Moving a pickoff point ahead of a block:

4. Moving a pickoff point behind a block:


Original Diagram Equivalent Diagram

5. Moving a summing point ahead of a block:

6. Eliminating a feedback loop:


Example-1
Example-1
Example-3

Example-4
Example-5
Example-6
Home Work

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