UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS

COURSE NAME MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING SKILLS

COURSE CODE EDJ16002 LAB NO. 8

LAB MODULE

PCB Design & Fabrication

(OrCAD)
EDJ16002 : Mechatronics Engineering Skills OrCAD Schematic/PCB Lab Module

Table of Contents

1 Using OrCAD Capture ........................................................................................... 1

1.1 Objectives ........................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Drawing Schematic ......................................................................................... 1
1.2.1 Creating Project ....................................................................................... 1
1.2.2 Drawing Circuit ....................................................................................... 4
1.3 Finishing Schematic ........................................................................................ 7
2 Using OrCAD Layout .......................................................................................... 10
2.1 Objectives ...................................................................................................... 10
2.2 Introduction ................................................................................................... 10
2.2.1 OrCAD Layout....................................................................................... 10
2.2.2 PCB Consideration................................................................................. 11
2.3 Creating a Printed Circuit Board ................................................................... 11
2.3.1 Creating New Design ............................................................................. 11
2.3.2 Resolving missing footprint ................................................................... 14
2.3.3 Changing Settings .................................................................................. 16
2.3.4 Starts Your Design ................................................................................. 17
Appendix A : PCB Footprint for LAB 1 ...................................................................... 23
EDJ16002 : Mechatronics Engineering Skills OrCAD Schematic/PCB Lab Module

LAB 1

1 Using OrCAD Capture

1.1 Objectives
At the end of this session you should be able to:-
(i) Draw a schematic using OrCAD Capture CIS.
(ii) do the finishing to the schematic to prepare for creating a printed circuit board
(PCB)

1.2 Drawing Schematic

1.2.1 Creating Project
1. To begin, you should consider creating a specific folder for your design. Create
the folder in “D:\OrCAD\YOURNAME”.

2. Run your OrCAD Capture CIS. To start new project, select menu
File>New>Project as shown in the figure below.

Figure 1-1 The Initial Window of OrCAD Capture

3. This option will invoke the New Project dialog box, as shown in Figure 1.2 below.
You should name your project as LAB1, and create new project using PC Board
Wizard and select your own project folder as shown in Figure 1.3.

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Figure 1-2 New Project Dialog Window

Figure 1-3 Select Directory Window

4. Then, PCB Project Wizard dialog box as shown in figure below displays, just click
Next to continue.

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Figure 1-4 PCB Project Wizard

5. The next step is to load libraries of parts which will be available to you when you
are drawing the circuit schematics. The dialog box is for adding and removing
libraries is shown Figure 1.5 below. You might add or remove the libraries later,
now click Finish and continue to draw the schematic.

Figure 1-5 Add or Remove Libraries Dialog Box

6. Figure 1-6 below shows the user interface of OrCAD Capture when it is tiled
vertically. Noticed that there are 3 child windows inside the OrCAD Capture
parent window.

i. Project manager window (lab1.opj) – this window lists all the relevant
information of the project.
ii. Schematic design window – this is where you will do your schematic
design.
iii. Session log window – this window list all your activity and output.

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Figure 1-6 OrCAD Capture Project User Interface Window

1.2.2 Drawing Circuit

1. On the right hand side of the user interface, you will find the toolbar that is
needed to aid you in your drawing. Description of the toolbar is available in Table
1-1 below.

Tool Description
Place part to place any parts from OrCAD capture library
Place wire to place wire on design
Place net alias to name any net on the design
to connect two crossing wire, place once again to cancel
Place junction
the connection
Place power to tag any net to power source
Place ground to tag any net to ground source
Place no connect To indicate any pin as a no connect pin

 Place line , Place polyline , Place rectangle , Place ellipse , Place

arc and Place text is used to place the indicated graphical object onto
the design. Lines should not be confused with wires.
 Place bus entry, Place bus, Place hierarchical block, Place port, Place pin,
Place off-page connector are not used in lab 1

Table 1-1 Design Schematic Toolbar Description

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2. Draw the circuit as shown in the Figure 1-7 below.

Figure 1-7 Schematic of a 555 Timer Circuit

3. When finish drawing the schematic, select all component from the Edit menu or
by pressing Ctrl+A. Then, from Edit menu, click Properties or Ctrl+E to edit the
properties of all the parts. The window as in figure below appears. Choose filter
by Layout. Select Parts tab.

Figure 1-8 Property Editor Window

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4. Refer to Table 1-2 below, enter the appropriate footprint for each of the parts in
the schematic as shown in figure below. Click the PCB footprint cell for any one
of the parts, type the footprint name. Notice that you must recognize physically
how the parts look like in order to specify their correct footprint. Details of the
footprint are given in Appendix A.

Figure 1-9 Specify PCB Footprint

Value Reference PCB Footprint

NE555 U1 DIP.100/8/W.300/L.450
SW PUSHBUTTON SW1 RAD/.300X.250/LS.200/.031
R R3 AX/.400X.100/.034
R R1 AX/.400X.100/.034
LED D1 CYL/D.225/LS.100/.031
R R2 AX/.400X.100/.034
CAP POL C2 CPCYL1/D.200/LS.150/.031
C C1 RAD/CK05
Table 1-2: Footprint List

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1.3 Finishing Schematic

1. Now, select the Capture’s project manager window, click schematic page as
shown in Figure 1-9 below.

Figure 1-10 Project Manager Window

2. Annotate the design by choosing Tools>Annotate or by clicking button from

the toolbar. This is to update the part reference which is necessary to prepare the
netlist output. Annotate menu window will appear as shown below. Click OK to
annotate and continue.

Figure 1-11 Annotate Window

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3. The design must be check for multiple parts of same reference or invalid package
or nets. Design Rules Check (DRC) will do this. Choose Tools>Design Rules
Check or click button from the toolbar. DRC menu as shown in Figure 1-12
below will appear. Be sure to check the ‘Create DRC markers for warning’
checkbox and click OK. If there are errors, dialog box as in Figure 1-13 will
appear.

Figure 1-12 DRC Window

Figure 1-13 Error in DRC

4. If DRC does not give any error, proceed to creating netlist for PCB Layout. If
otherwise, you must identify and fix the problems.

5. In order for you to find the errors, if any, open your schematic and locate the
green marker as indicated in Figure 1-14. This is called a DRC marker and it tells
where the error is. You can safely delete the marker by selecting it and pressing
the Delete key. Double click the marker for details of the error.

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+9V +9V
J1
1
2
R1 R2 CONN_2
10k 47k U1
NE555

7
DSCHG 3
5 OUT
4 CV
6 RST
2 THR

GND
8 TRG
VCC
D1

TRIGGER

1
LED
SW1
C1
0.01uF C2
100uF

Figure 1-14 DRC Marker

6. To create netlist for PCB, choose Tools>Create Netlist or click button from
the toolbar. Netlist menu as in Figure 1-15 below appear. Select the desired
netlist type by clicking the Layout tab. Click OK to create netlist. Save your design
by clicking OK for the next dialog box. Be sure that the user properties are set to
inches.

Figure 1-15 Create Netlist for the Design

7. Close and save your design.

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EDJ16002 : Mechatronics Engineering Skills OrCAD Schematic/PCB Lab Module

LAB 2

2 Using OrCAD Layout

2.1 Objectives
At the end of this session you should be able to:-
(i) Create a printed circuit board.
(ii) do placement of the component, manually or automatically routing the board

2.2 Introduction
2.2.1 OrCAD Layout
1. OrCAD Layout is a powerful circuit board layout tool that has all the automated
functions you need to quickly complete you board. The chart in the figure below
illustrated Layout’s design flow.

Figure 2-1 PCB Design Flowchart

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2. Figure above shows that by using OrCAD Capture, we can create a Layout-
compatible netlist. This netlist contains design information that Layout uses to
produce the board. Next step is placing components by using OrCAD Layout, we
can either manually route or autoroute the board. As an output, OrCAD Layout
will produces hardcopy on printers and plotters, and also Gerber files for Gerber
photoplotter, and a wide variety of report files. We can preview or even edit a
Gerber files with Layout’s external Gerber editor known as GerbTool.

2.2.2 PCB Consideration

1. All PCB are divided into layers. OrCAD Layout supports up to 30 routing layers, it
displays the PCB from a top view. Layers can be a copper layers or
documentation layers. Base on this consideration, we need to clarify this
particular information such as number of layers, size and shape of the PCB, PCB
fabrication plant specifications that include minimum trace and space width,
plating reduction and available drills.

2.3 Creating a Printed Circuit Board

2.3.1 Creating New Design

1. Run OrCAD Layout program, select options File>New as shown in figure below.

Figure 2-2 Initial Window of OrCAD Layout

2. Layout window will appear with Load Template File dialog box as shown in Figure
2-3 below, choose DEFAULT template to use in this design. Template can be
found in folder OrCAD>Layout>DATA.

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Figure 2-3 Loading Template File

3. Next, Load Netlist Source dialog box appear. You need to load your netlist file
that you have created in the previous session, which is PCB1_YOURNAME.MNL
as shown in figure below.

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Figure 2-4 Load a Netlist File

4. You will be asked to save your board file, save your board as
PCB1_YOURNAME in your own folder as shown below.

Figure 2-5 Saving File

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5. If there were no error during AutoECO process, your design will appear to be as
in figure below. However if there are errors, Layout might abort the process and
you will need to identify and fix the problem accordingly.

Figure 2-6 View of Layout Design Window

2.3.2 Resolving missing footprint

1. If you are in the process of running AutoECO and it is unable to find a designated
footprint, the ‘Link Footprint to Component’ dialog box appears. Choose one of
the options in the dialog box to resolve the error so that the AutoECO process
can continue.

Figure 2-7 Link Footprint to Component

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Figure 2-8 Select Footprint Dialog Window

2. Click on the ‘Link existing footprint to component’ button as displayed in figure 2-

7. It will display the Select Footprint dialog window as shown in figure 2-8, within
which you can locate and select the desired footprint. Ensure that you highlight all
the libraries available in ‘Libraries’ list box. Then key in the first few characters of
the footprint in the ‘Footprints’ text box. A list of footprints that matches your
search will be shown. Select the correct one and then Click OK button to accept
the new footprint and return to AutoECO.

3. Choose the Add button in the Select Footprint dialog box to add additional
footprint libraries, if necessary.

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2.3.3 Changing Settings

1. OrCAD design window settings are controlled by system settings and user
settings. To change system settings, select options Option>System Settings.
Dialog box as in figure below display.

Figure 2-9 System Settings Dialog

2. To change user settings, select options Option>User Preferences. Dialog box

such in figure below will appear. Modify the settings according to your
preferences and then click OK.

Figure 2-10 User Preferences Dialog Window

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2.3.4 Starts Your Design

1. Now, you can start to place the component manually by clicking button
available on top of your OrCAD layout design window. Sample of complete
placement of the component is shown the figure below.

Figure 2-11 Sample of Placed Component

2. Choose Obstacles tool using button, right click in the window and choose
New. Draw the obstacle as shown in figure below.

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Figure 2-12 Draw Obstacle

3. Left click and then right click on the obstacles, choose Properties. Edit Obstacles
dialog box display as shown in figure below. Select Obstacles Type to Board
Outline.

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Figure 2-13 Edit Obstacle Dialog Window

4. Now, click on the button to view the spreadsheet and select Layers. Layers
spreadsheet as in figure 2-13 appears.

Figure 2-14 Layers Spreadsheet

5. Click on the layer type column of layer name TOP, right click and choose
properties. Select Layer Type to Unused Routing as shown in figure below. Do
the same modification to INNER1 and INNER2 layers. As routing will be on the
bottom layer only, the PCB is a single layer board (single-sided PCB). Click OK
and close Layers dialog box.

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Figure 2-15 Edit Layer Dialog Window

6. In order to begin routing, you need to set net properties, choose the spreadsheet
toolbar again and select Nets. The Nets spreadsheet displays as shown in figure
below.

Figure 2-16 Nets Spreadsheet

7. Double click on net you want to edit, the Edit Net dialog box displays as shown in
figure below. Modify the settings that you want and click OK. Try changing the
+9V and GND net width to 20 mils.

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Figure 2-17 Edit Net Dialog Box

8. To route the board automatically, choose Auto>Autoroute>Board. The board will

be route automatically as shown in the sample below. The default color for
bottom layer route is red.

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Figure 2-18 Sample of a Completed Board Routing

9. Next, after the routing is done, choose Auto>Cleanup to smoothes the route on
the board.

10. If there any modification that need to be done to route, you can click on the
button and click on the particular net and do manual routing.

11. Save and close your work.

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Appendix A : PCB Footprint for LAB 1

Table 1 PCB Footprint for LAB 1

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 EDJ16002 : Mechatronics Engineering Skills OrCAD Schematic/PCB Lab Module

EDJ16002
Mechatronics Engineering Skills

Name:
Matric Number:
Date:
Laboratory:

Marks 0 1 2 3 4 5 Total
Circuit No circuit. Circuit is Circuit is Circuit is Circuit is Circuit is
Diagram incomplete incomplete complete complete with complete
with proper with no proper with proper
specifications proper specifications specification
specifications s and extra
. effort
Design No Incomplete Incomplete Design is not Design is Design is
design. design design with agronomics agronomics agronomic
proper and not to but not to with proper
specifications specifications specifications specification
. s and extra
effort
Q&A Unable to Tried to Successfully Successfully Answer the Answer all
answer answer answer a few answer most questions with questions
questions questions questions of the good with
. questions. explanations excellent
explanations

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