UCLM-ETEEAP POWER & INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINEERING Thermodynamics 1 1

PROPERTIES OF WORKING SUBSTANCE a. 0.08575 Btu b. 0.09543 Btu to 240oC taking the specific heat of the iron as 0.46 7. An air bubble rises from the bottom of a well where
c. 0.0645 Btu d. 0.0465 Btu kJ/kg.K. the temperature is 25oC, to the surface where the
1. The temperature of a solution is 31oC. What is temperature is 27oC. Find the percent increase in
these in oR and in Reaumur Scale? 2. If a 1/3 horsepower pump runs for 20 minutes, 9. Determine the average cp value in kJ/kg.K of a gas the volume of the bubble if the depth of the well is
what is the energy used? if 522 kJ of heat is necessary to raise the 5 m. Atmospheric pressure is 101.528 kPa.
2. Two thermometers, one Celsius and the other a. 0.06 ergs b. 0.25 kW temperature from 300 K to 800 K making the
Fahrenheit, are both at the same temperature, but c. 0.30 MJ d. 0.11 kW.h pressure constant. PROCESSES OF IDEAL GAS
the reading of the Fahrenheit thermometer is
exactly twice that on the Celsius thermometer, 3. A machine is capable of accelerating a 1 kg mass 10. A steam turbine receives 1,630 kg of steam per I. ISOBARIC PROCESS
what is the temperature? at 1 m/s2 for 1 minute. The machine runs at 60 rpm. hour at 340 m/s velocity and 3,550 kJ/kg enthalpy.
What is the power output of the machine? The steam leaves at 259 m/s and 3,020 kJ/kg. 1. ME Board Problem
3. Compute the temperature difference in Fo if the a. 30 erg b. 30 Cal What is its power output in kW? Gas is enclosed in a cylinder with a weighted
inside of a furnace temperature is 320 oC and the c. 30 J d. 30 W piston as the top boundary. The gas is heated and
outside temperature is -10oC. CONCEPTS OF IDEAL GAS expands from a volume of 0.04 m3 to 0.10 m3 at a

a
4. If the average energy in nuclear reaction is 200 constant pressure of 200 kPa. Calculate the work

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4. Supposing two liquids of different densities ρ = MeV/fission, what is the power output of a reactor 1. A 3.0 lbm of air are constant at 25 psia and 100oF. done by the system.
1500 kg/m3 and ρ = 500 kg/m3 were poured if there are 2.34 x 1019 fissions per second? Given that, what is the volume of the container? a. 8 kJ b. 12 kJ
together inside a 100 L tank, filling it. If the resulting a. 550 W b. 120 kW a. 10.7 ft3 b. 14.7 ft3 c. 10 kJ d. 14 kJ

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density of the mixture is 800 kg/m3, find the c. 30 MW d. 750 MW c. 15 ft3 d. 24.9 ft3

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respective quantities of liquids used. Also find the 2. ME Board Problem
weight of the mixture if the local acceleration due 5. During a “non-flow” process, the internal energy of 2. Find the change in internal energy of 5 lbm of Ammonia weighing 22 kg is confined inside a

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to gravity is g = 9.675 m/s2. a fluid changes from an initial value of 500 Btu/lb m oxygen gas when the temperature of changes from cylinder equipped with a piston has an initial
to a final value of 440 Btu/lbm. If 30,000 ft.lbf/lbm of 100oF to 120oF. cv = 0.157 Btu/lbm.R. pressure of 413 kPa at 38oC. If 2900 kJ of heat is

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5. Air enters a nozzle steadily at 2.21 kg/m3 and 30 work is performed by the fluid, compute the a. 14.7 Btu b. 15.7 Btu added to the ammonia until its pressure and
m/s. What is the mass flow rate through the nozzle quantity of heat in Btu/lbm added to or removed c. 16.8 Btu d. 147 Btu temperature are 413 kPa and 100 oC respectively.
if the inlet area of the nozzle is 80 cm2? from the fluid during the process. What is the amount of work done by the fluid in kJ?

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a. -21.5 Btu/lbm b. -104.5 Btu/lbm 3. What mass of nitrogen is contained in a 57 m3 tank a. 667 b. 420
6. A fluid moves in a steady flow manner between two c. 35.5 Btu/lbm d. 24.5 Btu/lbm if the pressure and temperature are 1 atm and c. 304 d. 502
sections in the same flow line. At section 1: A1 = 21oC respectively?

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0.10 m2, V1 = 6 m/s, v1 = 0.33 m3/kg. At section 2: 6. When steam expands through a nozzle from a 3. ME Board Problem
A2 = 0.20 m2, ρ2 = 0.27 kg/m3. Calculate for the pressure of 300 psia to a final pressure of 5 psia 4. A 0.71 m3 tank contains 4.5 kg of an ideal gas. The Determine the average cp value in kJ/kg.K of a gas
and the initial and final enthalpy values are 1187 gas has a molecular weight of 44 and is at 21 oC. if 522 kJ of heat is necessary to raise the

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velocity of flow of section 2.
co rc Btu/lbm and 1041 Btu/lbm, respectively, calculate What is the pressure of the gas? temperature from 300 K to 800 K making the
7. What is the depth in furlong of the ocean (SG = the final velocity in ft/s. Neglect inlet velocity, pressure constant.
1.03), if the pressure at the sea bed is 2,032.57 gravitational effects, and heat loss through the 5. A volume of 450 cm3 of air is measured at a a. 1.44 b. 1.038
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kPag? casing. pressure of 740 mm Hg absolute and a c. 1.044 d. 1.026
a. 2710 fps b. 2192 fps temperature of 20oC. What is the volume in cm3 at
8. Convert a vacuum pressure of 110 mm of mercury c. 3102 fps d. 3124 fps 760 mm Hg absolute and 0oC? 4. ME Board Problem
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into absolute pressure. Atmospheric pressure is Calculate the change in enthalpy as 1 kg of

10.5 m of H2O. 7. How much power is there in the kinetic energy of 6. A closed vessel contains air at pressure of 160 nitrogen is heated from 1000 K to 1500 K,
the atmosphere (density = 1.217 kg/m3) at 56 kph kN/m2 gauge and temperature of 30oC. The air is assuming the nitrogen is an ideal gas at a constant
CONCEPTS OF ENERGY/LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS wind velocity? Consider the section that passes heated at constant volume of 60oC with the pressure. The temperature dependent specific
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through a 3 diameter circular area normal to the atmospheric pressure 759 mm Hg. What is the heat of nitrogen is cp = 39.06 – 512.79T-1.5 +
1. If a block of copper weighing 0.50 lb is dropped velocity. final gauge pressure? 1072.7T-2 – 820.4T-3 where cp is in kJ/kg-mol, and
from a height of 100 ft into the tank, what is the 8. Calculate the quantity of heat to be transferred to T is in K.
tu

change in internal energy of the water? 2.25 kg of iron to raise its temperature from 20oC a. 600 kJ b. 800 kJ
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 UCLM-ETEEAP POWER & INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINEERING Thermodynamics 1 1
c. 697.27 kJ d. 897.27 kJ a. 33 157.22 ft-lb b. 43 157.22 ft-lb VI. CARNOT CYCLE
c. –33 157.22 ft-lb d. – 43, 157.22 ft-lb
5. ME Board Problem 1. ME Board Problem
A closed gaseous system undergoes a reversible IV. ISENTROPIC PROCESS Carnot cycle operates between 30 deg C and 350
process during which 25 Btu are rejected, the deg C. Find the cycle efficiency.
volume changing from 5 ft3 to 2 ft3, and the 1. ME Board Problem a. 76.45% b. 45.37%
pressure remains constant at 50 psia. Find the Air having an initial pressure of 6,516 kPa and an c. 63.45% d. 51.36%
change of internal energy. initial volume of 0.113 m3 is compressed
a. – 52.76 Btu b. 2.76 Btu adiabatically to a final volume of 0.057 m3. 2. ME Board Problem
c. – 2.76 Btu d. 52.76 Btu Calculate the pressure at the end of compression. A Carnot cycle has a sink temperature of 100 deg
F and cycle efficiency of 70%. Find the
II. ISOMETRIC PROCESS 2. ME Board Problem temperature of the heat source.
How much work is necessary to compress air in an
1. A rigid tank contains air at 500 kPa and 150 degree insulated cylinder from 0.20 m3 to 0.01 m3? Use t1 3. What must be the temperature in °F at which heat

a
C. As a result of heat transfer to the surroundings, = 20oC and P1 = 100 kPa is supplied to a Carnot engine if twice as much

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the temperature and pressure inside the tank drop a. 113.4 kJ b. 110.1 kJ energy is delivered as work as rejected to the sink
to 65 degree C and 400 kPa respectively. c. 121.4 kJ d. 115.7 kJ at 40°F?
Determine the boundary work done during the a. 1040 °F b. 1650°F

d
process. 3. ME Board Problem c. 960°F d. 846°F
A group of 50 persons attend a secret meeting in

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2. There are 1.36 kg of gas for which R = 377 J/kg K room which is 12 m wide by 10 m long and a ceiling

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and k = 1.25 that undergo a nonflow constant height of 3 m. The room is completely sealed off NOTE:
volume process from 551.6 kPa and 60 deg C to and insulated. Each person gives off 150 kCal per Submit all solve problems with solutions in PDF file

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1655 kPa. During the process the gas is internally hour of heat and occupies a volume of 0.20 m3. on or before March 24, 2016. You may do it in hand
stirred and there are also added 105.5 kJ of heat. The room has an initial pressure of 101.3 kPa and written on a yellow pad or short bond paper then
Determine the change of entropy. temperature of 16oC. Calculate the room have it scanned, make sure the output file is in PDF

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temperature after 10 minutes. Use R = 0.287 format. Good luck.
III ISOTHERMAL PROCESS kJ/kg-K and cv = 0.171 kCal/kg-K.
a. 33.1oC b. 38.7oC

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1. ME Board Problem c. 37.7 C
o d. 31.7oC
A piston cylinder device initially contains 0.4 m3 of
air at 100 kPa and 80 deg C. The air is now V. POLYTROPIC PROCESS

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compressed to 0.1 m3 in such a way that the co rc
temperature inside the cylinder remains constant. 1. ME Board Problem
Determine the work done during the process. During the polytropic process of an ideal gas, the
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state changes from 138 kPa and 5 oC to 827 kPa
2. ME Board Problem and 171oC. Find the value of n.
Air flows steadily through an engine at constant a. 1.354 b. 1.345
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temperature of 400 K. Find the work per kg if the c. 1.253 d. 1.234

exit pressure is 1/3 of the inlet pressure and the
inlet pressure is 207 kPa. 2. A gas at 1 atmosphere pressure originally
occupies a volume of 20 ft3. The gas is
dy

3. Work done by a substance in reversible nonflow polytropically compressed with n = 1.15 until the
manner in accordance with V = 100/P ft3, where P pressure is 48.51 psia. What work is required for
is in psia. Evaluate the work done on or by the this compression?
tu

substance as the pressure increases from 10 psi a

to 100 psia.
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It’s never too late to earn a degree, it only takes a strong determination to earn it. Prepared by: ENGR. HAROLD B. BORJA, PME (Subject Expert)
H

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