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AERODYNAMICS

Directions.
Using the Marksense Answer Sheet, shade the letter that corresponds to your answer in each
question. Pencil (No. 2) should be used in marking your answers. Careless marking of your answer sheet
may lower the score you earn on this test.

You will have four (4) hours for this test. Work as rapidly and as accurately as you can. If you are
not sure of an answer, mark the choice which is your best guess. Only one answer should be marked for
each problem or question. Should a mistake be made, merely erase the wrong shaded letter and mark
the correct one.

1. If the continuity equation for non-compressible fluid is applicable, what will happen to the air density
(ρ) if the cross-sectional area of a tube changes?
A. ρ1 < ρ2
B. ρ1 >ρ2
C. the density depends on the tube cross-sectional area
D. ρ1 = ρ2

2. A pressure gauge which indicates an altitude in the standard atmosphere corresponding to the
measured pressure.
A. airspeed indicator
B. vertical speed indicator
C. manifold pressure gauge
D. altimeter

3. The lowest of the atmosphere, extending from surface to stratosphere; characterized by lapse rate,
humidity, vertical air movements and humidity.
A. troposphere
B. stratosphere
C. ionosphere
D. exosphere

4. A standard temperature lapse rate is one in which the temperature decreases at the rate of
approximately _______ per foot up to tropopause.
A. 0.00651K
0
B. 0.003566 R
C. 6.51K
0
D. 3.566 R

5. The atmosphere is composed of _____percent oxygen.

A. 78
B. 1
C. 21
D. 0.003

6. The value of the induced drag of an airplane in straight and level flight at constant weight varies
linearly with:
2
A. V
2
B. 1 / V
C. 1 / V
D. V

7. Excluding constants, the coefficient of induced drag is the ratio of:

2
A. CL and Aspect Ratio
B. CL and CD
C. CL and Wing Span
D. Weight and Wing Area

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 8. The terms “ q ” and “S” in the lift formula are:
A. Static Pressure and Dynamic Pressure
B. Square root of surface and wing loading
C. dynamic pressure and Wing Area
D. Static pressure and Wing Area

9. Which of the following wing plan forms produces the lowest induced drag? (All other relevant factors
are constant)
A. Circular
B. Rectangular
C. Elliptical
D. Tapered

10. The interference drag is created as a result of

A. The addition of induced and parasite drag
B. Downwash behind the wing
C. Interaction between airplane parts
B. Separation of the induced vortex

11. Consider an oblique shock wave with a flow Mach number of 2.0 and a pressure ratio of 3.0 across the
wave. Find the Mach number downstream of the wave.
A. 1.15
B. 1.54
C. 1.65
D. 0.98

12. Consider an oblique shock wave with a wave angle of 30 degrees. The upstream flow velocity at sea
level is 1,590 knots. Determine the deflection angle of the flow.
A. 8.16 deg.
B. 7.67 deg
C. 7.76 deg.
D. 6.72 deg.

13. Consider a normal shock wave with the pressure ratio P2/P1 equals twice the density ratio ρ2/ρ1. What
is the downstream Mach number of the wave?
A. 0.612
B. 0.325
C. 0.527
D. 0.713

14. The Mach number of a transport plane flying at a standard altitude of 8,000 meters is 0.76, what is the
flight speed (in meters per second)?
A. 326
B. 234
C. 340
D. 287

15. When a change in pressure is accompanied by such a change in density, the flow is called
A. Flow rate.
B. Compressible flow.
C. Incompressible flow.
D. Steady flow.

16. Aircraft is flying at an altitude where the Air Speed Indicator reads 720 km/hr and the Mach meter is
at 0.65. Determine the altitude, Pressure and Density on this environment where the aircraft is flying.
3
A. 9.8 km, 45.2 kPa, 1.02 kg/m
3
B. 10.2 km, 30.5 kPa, 1.0 kg/m
3
C. 7.85 km, 36.3 kPa, 0.53 kg/m
3
D. 8.3 km, 40.2 kPa, 0.435 kg/m

o o
17. Determine the altitude where the C scale and the F scale reads the same value.
A. 8,642 meters
B. 6,729 meters
C. 9,765 meters
D. 2,976 meters

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18. Which statement is true regarding stagnation point?
A. Total pressure approaches infinity
B. Total pressure is negligible
C. Total pressure is equal to static pressure
D. Total pressure is equal to dynamic pressure

2
19. A diffuser is increasing by 0.05 m /cm-run. Determine the change of rate of the velocity of the fluid in
2
an area equal to 1 m if the velocity at that point is 10 meters/second. Fluid density is constant.
A. 5 meters /sec/m-run
B. 15 meters / sec/m-run
C. 30 meters/second/m-run
D. 50 meters/second/ meter run

20. A circular pipe 100 feet long gradually tapers from 3-feet diameter to 2 feet at the other end. What
is the rate of increase in velocity in the extreme if the velocity there is 80 feet/second?
A. 4.4 ft/sec
B. 0.44 ft/sec
C. 44 ft/sec
D. 440 ft/sec
2.
21. Air is flowing horizontally at a speed of 100 mph through a duct 20 ft The duct narrows down to a
throat section from which the area is 25% of the area in the entry duct. Assume compressible flow
and ISA condition, Calculate the height of the mercury inside the U tube that connects the entry
duct to the throat section.
A. 6.5 inches
B. 7.45 inches
C. 5.0 inches
D. 5.45 inches

2
22. Assume SSLC, an aircraft is flying at 400 km/hr. The wing area is 70 m with an Aspect Ratio of 7
and a taper ratio of 80%. The airfoil section has a Cl equal to 0.45 and a Cdo of 0.03. Determine
the MAC, Lift and total Drag of this aircraft.
A. 3.16 meters/ 238 kN/ 26.4 kN
B. 2.5 meters/ 300 kN/ 35 kN
C. 3.0 meters / 265 kN / 40.3 kN
D. 4.0 meters / 238 kN/ 26.4 kN

0.
23. Calculate CL for an airfoil evaluated at 85% at an angle of attack of 10 Determine for both
symmetrical and non-symmetrical airfoil section (αLo = -3) for the non-symmetrical airfoil.
A. 0.5 / 1.0
B. 0.82 / 1.2
C. 0.90 / 0.90
D. 0.93 / 1.2

2
24. An aircraft flying at 300 MPH has a wing area of 800 ft and AR=8. If CL= 0.5 and Cdt= 0.03 –
10 -7
(RN/10 ), compute for the total drag of the aircraft at SSLC. Assume µ=3.726 x 10 .
A. 5,500 lbs
B. 4,972 lbs
C. 4,500 lbs
D. 4,729 lbs

25. The engine of an experimental aircraft was shut down at an altitude of 1,500 ft. It was able to
cover a horizontal distance of 9000 ft after 1 minute. Calculate the angle of glide and the gliding
velocity.
o
A. 10.5 / 180 ft/sec
o
B. 9.46 / 152 ft/sec
o
C. 11 / 130 ft/sec
o
D. 10 / 200 ft/sec

26. The angle of attack at which an airplane wing stalls will

A. increase if the CG is moved forward
B. remain the same regardless of gross weight
C. change with an increase in gross weight
D. increase with regards to gross weight

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27. The critical angle of attack at which a given aircraft stalls is dependent on the
A. design of the wing
B. attitude
C. airspeed
D. wingspan

28. The use of a slot in the leading edge of the wing enables an airplane to land slower speed
because it
A. decelerates the upper surface boundary layer air
B. changes the camber of the wing
C. changes the amount of airflow over the wing
D. delays the stall to a higher angle of attack

29. To produce the same lift while in ground effect as when out of ground effect, the airplane
requires
A. more thrust
B. the same angle of attack
C. a greater angle of attack
D. a lower angle of attack

30. How does frost affect the lifting surfaces of an airplane on take off
A. frost will change the camber of the wing, increasing lift during takeoff
B. frost may prevent the airplane from becoming airborne at normal takeoff speed
C. frost may cause the airplane the airplane to become airborne with a lower angle of attack at
a lower indicated airspeed
D. frost may serve as vortex generators thereby increasing lift

31. If an aircraft with a gross weight of 2,000 pounds was subjected to a 60 degree constant altitude
bank, the total load would be
A. 1,000 pounds
B. 4,000 pounds
C. 3,000 pounds
D. 12,000 pounds

32. While maintaining a constant angle of bank and altitude in a coordinated turn, an increase in
airspeed will
A. decrease the rate of turn resulting in a decreased load factor
B. increased the rate of turn resulting in no change in load factor
C. decrease the rate of turn resulting in no change in load factor
D. decrease the rate of turn resulting in increased load factor

33. What determines the longitudinal stability of an airplane?

A. the effectiveness of the horizontal stabilizer, rudder, and rudder trim tab
B. the relationship of thrust and lift to weight and drag
C. the location of the CG with respect to the center of lift
D. wing design location

34. If the airplane attitude remains in a new position after the elevator control is pressed forward and
released, the airplane displays
A. negative longitudinal static stability
B. positive longitudinal static stability
C. neutral longitudinal dynamic stability
D. neutral longitudinal static stability

35. If an increased in power tends to make the nose of an airplane rise, this is the result of the
A. line of thrust being below the center of gravity
B. line of thrust being above the center of gravity
C. center of lift and center of gravity being collated
D. center of lift being ahead of the center of gravity

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36. A process which is both adiabatic and reversible.
A. Isobaric process.
B. Isentropic process.
C. Isometric process.
D. Isothermal process.

37. Sound waves travel through the air at a definite speed.

A. Indicated airspeed.
B. True airspeed.
C. Speed of light.
D. Speed of sound.

38. If a fluid is moving steadily and uniformly through a closed pipe or a streamtube, the mass flow
of fluids\passing one section must be the same as the mass of fluid passing any other section in
one second.
A. Bernoulli’s principle.
B. Law of continuity.
C. Newton’s law
D. Pascal’s law

39. A short tube or duct that usually tapers or has a constriction, often forms the vent of a hose or
pipe, and is used to direct the flow of fluid or to increase the velocity of flow.
A. Convergent tube.
B. Divergent tube.
C. Manometer.
D. Venturi tube.

40. A large amplitude compression wave, such as that produced by an explosion, caused by
supersonic motion of a body in motion.
A. Expansion wave.
B. Normal wave.
C. Oblique wave.
D. Shock wave.

41. At sea level, a propeller-driven airplane has a rate of climb of 650 ft per minute. Its service
ceiling is 12,000 ft. What is the time to climb (in minutes) to reach an altitude of 8,500 ft?
A. 19.96 minutes
B. 17.16 minutes
C. 21.34 minutes
D. 18.33 minutes

42. An airplane whose absolute ceiling is 14,200 ft. climbs at 650 feet per minute at sea level. How
long will it take to climb (in minutes) from sea level to service ceiling?
A. 40.89 minutes
B. 45.30 minutes
C. 38.54 minutes
D. 36.33 minutes

43. A 5,000 lb airplane with wing area of 250 sq. ft and power available of 450 hp is at sea level
2
flight standard condition. The airplane drag-to-lift relation is close to CD = 0.025 + 0.048 CL .
What is the rate of climb (in feet per minute) at a flight speed of 180 miles per hour?
A. 1,632 fpm
B. 1,356 fpm
C. 1,245 fpm
D. 1,143 fpm
o
44. An airplane is making a 40 banked of 565 ft radius. What should be the airspeed?
A. 132. 32 fps
B. 128.17 fps
C. 125. 16 fps
D. 123.50 fps

45. Airplane is making a turn of 300 ft radius at a speed of 240 mph. What is the load factor?
A. 11.33
B. 10.42
C. 9.46
D. 12.88

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 0
46. A standard altimeter reads 14,000 ft when the ambient temperature is 35 F. Find the density
altitude (in feet).
A. 15,651 ft
B. 16,464 ft
C. 17, 966 ft
D. 18,064 ft

47. Find the temperature at an altitude where the pressure 60,000 Pa in the standard
atmosphere.
A. 275 k
B. 261 k
C. 254 k
D. 216.5 k

48. For the flow ψ = x 2 + y 2 , what is the velocity at point (4, 5)?
A. V = 11.82 ft/sec
B. V = 21.1 ft/sec
C. V = 18.12 ft/sec
D. V = 12.81 ft/sec

49. A uniform current of air with a speed of 100ft. per sec flows around a circular cylinder. At a
distance from the cylinder the pressure is atmospheric. What is the pressure at a point on the
0
surface of the cylinder so located that radial line through the point makes an angle of 90 with
the direction of airflow?
A. P = 2,125.50 lb per sq ft
B. P = 2,007.16 lb per sq ft
C. P = 2,081.14 lb per sq ft
D. P = 2,100.34 lb per sq ft

50. What is the critical value of the pressure coefficient for an airplane flying at 500 knots in air at
0
25 F?
A. CPcr = -0.254
B. CPcr = -0.494
C. CPcr = -0.367
D. CPcr = -0.436

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