Appendix IV 100 Revision one-liners The following are 100 one-line questions acting as an aid to examination preparation. They are similar in effect to using mental arithmetic when preparing for a mathematics exam. Elements of questions may well appear in the written papers or in the oral exams. Good luck. . What is another name for the KG? . What is a hydrometer used for? If the angle of heel is less than 10 degrees, what is the equation for GZ? . What are the formulae for TPC and MCTC for a ship in salt water? . Give two formulae for the metacentre, KM. . How may free surface effects be reduced on a ship? ’. What is another name for KB? . List four requirements before an inclining experiment can take place. With the aid of a sketch, define LOA and LBP. ). What are cross curves of stability used for? 11. What is the longitudinal centre of a waterplane called? 12. Adding a weight to a ship usually causes two changes. What are these changes? 13. What is Simpson’s First Rule for a parabolic shape with seven equally spaced ordinates? 14. What is KB for (a) box-shaped vessel and (b) triangular-shaped vessel? 15. What are hydrostatic curves used for onboard a ship? 16. Using sketches, define the block, the waterplane and midship form coefficients. 17. Sketch a statical stability curve and label six important points on it. 18. What are the minimum values allowed by D.Tp. for GZ and for transverse GM? 19. List three ways in which a ship’s end drafts may be changed. 20. GM is 0.45m. Radius of gyration is 7m. Estimate the natural rolling period in seconds. 21. What is a deadweight scale used for? 22. What is the formula for bending stress in terms of M, I and y? 23. Sketch a set of hydrostatic curves. Seweuagnpene100 Revision one-liners 517 24. List three characteristics of an angle of loll. 25. Define (a) a moment and (b) a moment of inertia. 26. Sketch the first three curves for a set of ship’s strength curves. 27. What is the ‘theory of parallel axis’ formula? 28, What are the effects on a statical stability curve for increased breadth and increased freeboard? 29. Sketch a metacentric diagram for a box-shaped vessel and a triangular- shaped vessel. Block coefficient is 0.715. Midship coefficient is 0.988. Calculate pris- matic coefficient. 31. Describe the use of Simpson’s Third Rule. 32. What is the wall-sided formula for GZ? 33. Define ‘permeability’. Give two examples relating to contents in a hold or tank. 34. Give the equations for BM, box-shaped vessels and triangular-shaped vessels? 3. List three characteristics of an angle of list. 36. Sketch the shear force and bending moment curves. Show their inter- relation. 37. For a curve of seven equally spaced ordinates give Simpson’s Second Rule. 38. What is the formula for pressure of water on a lockgate situation? 39. When a weight is lifted from a jetty by a ship's derrick whereabouts does its CG act? 40. Sketch a set of freeboard marks and label dimensions as specified by D-Tp. 41. Sketch a displacement curve. 42. What is Morrish’s formula for VCB? 43. For an inclining experiment how is tangent of the angle of list obtained? What do ‘a moment of statical stability’ and ‘dynamical stability’ mean? . Show the range of stability on an S/S curve having a very small initial negative GM. 46. Breadth is 45 m. Draft is 15m. What is the increase in draft at a list of 2 degrees? 47. What is the formula for loss of GM due to free surface effects in a slack tank? 48, For what purpose is the inclining experiment made on ships? 49, What is the ‘true mean draft’ on a ship? 50. When drydocking a ship there is a virtual loss in GM. Give two formu- lae for this loss. 51. With Simpson's Rules, give formulae for M of I about (a) amidships and (b) centre line. 52. Discuss the components involved for estimating an angle of heel whilst turning a ship. 53. What is a ‘stiff ship’ and a ‘tender ship’. Give typical GM values. 30. GE518 Ship Stability for Masters and Mates 54. With the lost buoyancy method, how does VCG change, after bilging has occurred? 55. Sketch a deadweight moment curve and label the important parts. 56. Sketch a bending stress diagram for a vessel that is ina sagging condition. 57. What are ‘Bonjean curves’ and for what purpose are they used? 58. Define ‘ship squat’ and ‘blockage factor’. 59, Draw the line diagram for Murray’s method for maximum bending moment. 60. What is the formula for shear stress for an H-girder? 61. What happens to cause a vessel to be in unstable equilibrium? 62. What causes hogging in a vessel? 63. Which letters signify the metacentric height? 64. Give typical C,, values for fully loaded VLCC, general cargo ships and passenger liners. 65. What is the air draft and why is it important to know its value? 66. What are Type ‘A’ ships, Type ‘B’ ships and ‘B-60’ ships. 67. What is synchronous rolling? 68. What is DfT tabular freeboard? 69. When dealing with subdivision of passenger vessels, what is the ‘margin line’ 70. Sketch a set of freeboard marks for a timber ship. 71. Describe how icing can affect the stability of a vessel. 72. List six corrections made to a tabular freeboard to obtain an assigned freeboard. 73. Give the formula for the amidships draft for a vessel with longitudinal deflection. 74. Give the formula for the heaving period Ty; in seconds. 75. In grain loading, what is the angle of repose? 76. Sketch a GZ curve together with a wind lever curve (up to 40° angle of heel). Show on the sketch for the previous answer, the angle of heel due to shift of grain. 78. Give a typical range for stowage rates for grain stowed in bulk. 79. When is a RD coefficient used on ships? 80. What is parametric rolling? 81. What is the difference between an ullage and a sounding in a partially filled tank? 82. What are sounding pads and why are they fitted in tanks 83. What is a calibration Book used for? 84. Sketch a gunwhale plate and indicate the placement of the freeboard Dk mark? Seasonal allowances depend on three criteria. What are these three criteria? 86. What is the factor of subdivision Fs? 87. What is the criterion of service numeral Cs? 88. Give a definition of mechanical stability and directional stability. 77. XN 85. &89. 90. 91 92. 93. 94, 95. 96. 97. 98. 99, 100. 100 Revision one-liners 519 Do transverse bulkheads reduce free surface effects? For a DfT standard ship, what is the depth D in terms of floodable length F,? For timber ships, LW to LS is LS/n. What is the value of n? The WNA mark is not fitted on ships above a particular length. What is that length? According to DfT, what is standard sheer in teens of LBP? What is a Whessoe gauge used for on ships? List four reasons why a ship's overall G can be raised leading to loss of stability. What exactly defines a bulkhead deck? List four methods for removing ice that has formed on upper struc- tures of ships. Sketch a set of FL and PL curves. Sketch the curves for Type ‘A’ ships, Type ‘B’ ships and ‘B-60’ ships. In the loading of grain, what is the approximate formula for angle of heel relative to 12°, due to shift of grain?