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Lesson 1 Electric Charge

1. Charging methods - Understanding how objects become charged through rubbing, conduction, and induction is fundamental to electrostatics and will continue to be relevant. 2. Conductors and insulators - Knowing which materials allow charge to flow freely and which do not is necessary for working with static electricity and electrical systems. 3. Like charges repel, opposite charges attract - This basic law of electrostatics governs how charged objects interact and is applicable across many domains involving static electricity.

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86 views40 pages

Lesson 1 Electric Charge

1. Charging methods - Understanding how objects become charged through rubbing, conduction, and induction is fundamental to electrostatics and will continue to be relevant. 2. Conductors and insulators - Knowing which materials allow charge to flow freely and which do not is necessary for working with static electricity and electrical systems. 3. Like charges repel, opposite charges attract - This basic law of electrostatics governs how charged objects interact and is applicable across many domains involving static electricity.

Uploaded by

Lumactod Earthan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LESSON 1

General Physics II
Activity: 4 Pics 1 Word
Direction: What word comes into your mind when
you see these pictures?
1
Electric Charge
Unit I: Electrostatics
Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the learners can:
a. describe using a diagram charging by rubbing
and charging by induction;
b. explain the role of electron transfer in
electrostatic charging by rubbing; and
c. describe experiments to show electrostatic
charging by induction.
Electric Charge is fundamental physical property
that causes objects to feel attraction or repulsion
towards one another.
Types of Electric Charges:
• Positively Charged Objects – more protons than
electrons
• Negatively Charged Objects – more electrons
than protons
• Neutrally Charged Objects – same number of
protons and electrons
SAM ANDY TRISH
Characteristic: introvert Characteristic: introvert Characteristic: extrovert
Type: extrovert Type: extrovert Type: introvert
Essential Questions:
When can we say that the objects will attract or repel
each other?
What causes objects to have an attractive or repulsive
interaction with others?
Law of Charges:
“Like charges repel, opposite charges attract.”

Image Credit: General Physics – WordPress.com


SAM ANDY TRISH
Characteristic: introvert Characteristic: introvert Characteristic: extrovert
Type: extrovert Type: extrovert Type: introvert

ELLA
Characteristic: ambivert
Type: N/A
Any charged object - whether positively charged or
negatively charged - will have an attractive
interaction with a neutral object.

A plastic golf tube charged by rubbing with animal


fur will attract neutral paper bits.
Image Credit: Physics Classroom
Conductors
Conductors are materials that permit electrons to
flow freely from particle to particle. Materials in
which charges are free to move about are called
electrical conductors.
What color is the conductor?
What color is the conductor?
An object made of a conducting material will
permit charge to be transferred across the entire
surface of the object.

Image Credit: Physics Classroom


Insulators
Materials in which charges are not free to move
about are called electrical insulators. In contrast
with conductors, if charge is transferred to an
insulator at a given location, the excess charge will
remain at the initial location of charging.
What color is the insulator?
What color is the insulator?
Examples of conductors include metals, graphite,
and the human body. Examples of insulators
include plastics, Styrofoam, paper, rubber, glass
and dry air.

Image Credit: SlideServe


Wearing Jewelry as an Electrician: How to Protect
Yourself Without Giving Up Style
Check out silicone wedding bands like those made by SafeRingz. This
company creates silicone wedding bands specifically for people who
work as electricians or in other dangerous jobs. Silicone not only
prevents conduction of electricity, but it’s also non-allergenic, resistant
to heat and durable enough to withstand the rough conditions under
which many electricians work.
Methods of Charging
1. Charging by Rubbing/Friction – a frictional
charging process results in a transfer of electrons
between the two objects that are rubbed
together.
Suppose that a rubber balloon is
rubbed with your hair. Rubber has
a much greater attraction for
electrons than your hair.

Image Credit: DK Find Out!


Triboelectric Series
Is a list that ranks materials according
to their tendency to gain or lose
electrons. Subsequently, when any
two materials in the table are rubbed
together, the one that is higher can
be expected to pull electrons from
the material that is lower.
Methods of Charging
2. Charging by Conduction – involves the contact of
a charged object to a neutral object.

Image Credit: EduRev


Methods of Charging
3. Charging by Induction
For example, a negatively charged rod is placed near
(but without physical contact) a neutral sphere.

Image Credit: Toppr


The presence of a negatively charged balloon
induces electrons to move from sphere A to sphere
B, and the Two-sphere system is polarized.

Image Credit: Physics Classroom


Grounding
Providing a path from a charged object to the Earth
is called grounding it. Charges will be attracted from
(or repelled to) the Earth by the charged object.

Image Credit: Jing.fm


Summary
Positively charged-More protons
Negatively charged- more electrons
Neutral- balanced # of protons and electrons
Conductors- materials that allow charges to move
freely from one particle to another
Insulators- materials that hinder the free flow of
electrons from one particle of the element to
another
Image Credit: Jing.fm
Summary
Charging methods:
1. Charging by rubbing- two objects rubbed against each
other, the one with higher electron affinity (triboelectric
series) will become negative charged
2. Charging by conduction- one charged object and one
neutral object are in contact, excess charges from the
charged object transfers to the neutral object. The neutral
object then becomes charged.
3. Charging by induction- charged object brought near to a
neutral object, charges in the neutral object gets separated
(polarized), one side becomes positively charged and one
side becomes negatively charged
Image Credit: Jing.fm
Closure:
Identify 2 objects (1 conductor and 1 insulator ) that you have in
your bag.
Reflection:
If conductors and insulators are people. Who are you and why?
THINGS TO BRING FOR LAB EXPERIMENT PER
GROUP (January):
1. Hard-rubber comb
2. glass rod
3. piece of silk or nylon cloth
4. polystyrene foam
5. pieces of string or thread
6. Aluminum foil
7. paper
8. towel
QUIZ schedule for Electrostatics:
2nd week of January
Guided Practice
(refer to your module)
Reflection-Action
(refer to your module)
Closure: So What?
Directions: Have students answer this prompt:

What takeaways from the lesson will be important to


know three years from now? Why?

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