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Lesson 1 - Electric Charge

The document outlines a lesson on electric charge, detailing its properties, types, and methods of charging, including charging by friction, contact, and induction. It explains key concepts such as the law of electric charges, conservation of electric charge, and the differences between conductors, insulators, superconductors, and semiconductors. Additionally, it introduces the triboelectric series, which ranks materials based on their electron transfer tendencies.

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19 views32 pages

Lesson 1 - Electric Charge

The document outlines a lesson on electric charge, detailing its properties, types, and methods of charging, including charging by friction, contact, and induction. It explains key concepts such as the law of electric charges, conservation of electric charge, and the differences between conductors, insulators, superconductors, and semiconductors. Additionally, it introduces the triboelectric series, which ranks materials based on their electron transfer tendencies.

Uploaded by

rey.janario12345
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ACLC TACLOBAN

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL


SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

GENERAL PHYSICS 2 I LESSON 1

ELECTRIC
CHARGE
Bon Mark M. Gerarcas, LPT
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, students will be able to
• Describe electric charge
• Describe using a diagram charging by rubbing
and charging by induction
• Explain the role of electron transfer in
electrostatic charging by rubbing.
• Describe experiments to show electrostatic
charging by induction
STATIC ELECTRICITY
Occurs when an object
obtains a net amount of
positive and negative
electric charges.
ELECTRIC CHARGE
• Property of matter involved in
electromagnetic interaction

ELECTROMAGNETIC FORCE
• force generated or influenced
by each charged objects
Charge is Quantized
This means that electric charge
comes in discrete amounts, and
there is a smallest possible amount
of charge that an object can have.
The magnitude of the
charge is independent
of the type
This means that whether a charge is
positive or negative, the fundamental unit
of charge has the same magnitude, which is
the elementary charge e.
STRUCTURE OF MATTER
• Atom: electron, proton, neutron
• protons, neutrons; quarks
IONIZATION • gaining or losing of electrons
KINDS OF CHARGES
The two types of electric charge were
referred to as positive and negative
by the American statesman,
philosopher, and scientist Benjamin
Franklin (1706-1790)
LAW OF ELECTRIC CHARGES
“Like charges repel, opposite charges
attract”
CONSERVATION OF
ELECTRIC CHARGE
“The algebraic sum of all
electric charges in any closed
system is constant.”

“The magnitude of charge of


the electron or proton is a
natural unit (quanta) of charge.”
09 / 10
CHARGING BY FRICTION
• Charging by Friction is a process in
which objects acquire electric
charges by rubbing against each
other. This occurs due to the
transfer of electrons from one
object to another.
09 / 10
CHARGING BY CONTACT
• charged by touching it with a
positively charged glass rod

• the glass rod is an insulator, it


must actually touch the
electroscope to transfer
charge to or from it
09 / 10
POLARIZATION
• is the separation of charges in
an object that remains neutral.

• If the spheres are now


separated (before the rod is
pulled away), each sphere will
have a net charge.
09 / 10
CHARGING BY INDUCTION
• not necessary to transfer
excess charge directly to an
object in order to charge it
• Induction charging is a method
used to charge an object without
touching the object to any other
charged object.
CONDUCTORS
•Conductors are materials that
have free electrons and allow
them to move free through it.
•Good conductors of electricity
like metals (copper, gold, and
silver) are also good conductor
of heat.
INSULATOR
•Materials in which charges are not free
to move about are called electrical
insulators. In contrast with conductors, if
charge is transferred to an insulator at a
given location, the excess charge will
remain at the initial location of charging
•insulators of electricity like wood, plastic
and rubber are poor heat conductor
SUPERCONDUCTORS
permits ALL/MOST charges to
flow within
SEMICONDUCTORS
can become an insulator or a
conductor
CONDUCTION
charging using
physical contact
with conductors
INDUCTION
charging with no physical
contact acquires charge
with opposite sign
TRIBOELECTRIC SERIES
• Is a list that ranks materials
according to their tendency
to gain or lose electrons
THANK
YOU
DO YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS?

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