READY MIXED CONCRETE

AND
LIGHT WEIGHT CONCRETE
 READY-MIX CONCRETE
Ready-mix concrete is a type of concrete that is manufactured in a factory or batching plant, according
to a set recipe, and then delivered to a worksite, by truck mounted transit mixers.

The first Ready-mix factory was built in 1930, but the industry did not expand significantly until 1960.
 Concrete transit mixer is made to transport and mix concrete up to the construction site.

Concrete loading, mixing and discharging are done from rear side of this machine.

Raw materials usually are sand, water, gravel, aggregate and cement, etc. It seems like a
READY MIXED PLANT

mobile concrete mixer, which can mix concrete and can move with the transfer of construction sites.

It can be used in dry mix concrete plant as the mixing engine, we all know that dry mix concrete
batching plant has no mixing engine, which needs a lot of concrete with general quality, therefore,
concrete transport truck is an ideal choice for this batching plant, which has advantages of easy
movement, high efficiency and stable performance.
 Advantages of READY-MIX CONCRETE
• Quality concrete is obtained as a ready-mix
concrete mix plant make use of sophisticated
equipment and consistent methods.

• Speed in the construction practices followed

in ready mix concrete plant is followed
continuously by having mechanised Volume: 3 m3/h, 4 m3/h 6 m3/h
operations. The output obtained from a site
mix concrete plant using a 8/12 mixer is 4 to • Better handling and proper
5 metric cubes per hour which is 30-60 mixing practice will help to
metric cubes per hour in a ready mix reduce the consumption of
concrete plant. cement by 10 – 12%.

• More durable structure is obtained thus

increasing the service life and saving the life • Less dependency on
cycle costs. human labours hence the
chances of human errors is
reduced. This will also
• Small or large quantities of concrete as per reduce the dependency on
the specification is delivered timely at the intensive labours.
site.
 Advantage of READY-MIX CONCRETE
• This demands no space for storing
the raw materials at site. There is
no delay due to site based batching
plant erection/ dismantling;
no equipment to hire; no
depreciation of costs.

• Petrol and diesel consumed is less

thus noise and air pollution is
reduced.

• Cement is saved and the dust

caused is reduced as ready mix
concrete make use of bulk
concrete instead of bags of
cement.
 Disadvantage READY-MIX CONCRETE

• Materials are batched at a central plant, and the mixing begins at that plant, Travelling time from the
plant to site is critical over longer distances.

• Sites are just too far away, through this is usually a commercial rather than technical issue.

• Access roads and site access have to be able to carry the weight of the truck and load.

• RMC is to be placed within a limited time span after batching at the plant.

• The formwork and placing arrangement must be prepared in advance in large area as the concrete
can be bought in larger amounts.
READY MIXED PLANT
LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE
 CONCRETE
Lightweight concrete mixture is made with a lightweight coarse aggregate and
sometimes a portion or entire fine aggregates may be lightweight instead of normal
aggregates.

Structural lightweight concrete has an in-place density (unit weight) on the order of
90 to 115 lb / ft³ (1440 to 1840 kg/m³).

Lightweight aggregates used in structural lightweight concrete are typically

expanded shale,
clay or slate materials
that have been fired in a rotary kiln to develop a porous structure.
 of CONCRETE
Classify the various types of lightweight concrete by their method of production.

By using porous lightweight aggregate of low apparent specific gravity, i.e. lower than 2.6.
This type of concrete is known as lightweight aggregate concrete.

By introducing large voids within the concrete or mortar mass; these voids should be clearly distinguished from
the extremely fine voids produced by air entrainment.
This types of concrete is variously knows as aerated, cellular, foamed or gas concrete.

By omitting the fine aggregate from the mix so that a large number of interstitial voids is present; normal weight
coarse aggregate is generally used.
This concrete as no-fines concrete.
 TYPES of CONCRETE

1. Lightweight Aggregate Concrete

In the early 1950s, the use of lightweight concrete blocks was

accepted in the UK for load bearing inner leaf of cavity walls.

These advances encouraged the structural use of LWA concrete,

particularly where the need to reduce weight in a structure was in a
structure was an important consideration for design or for economy.
 TYPES of CONCRETE
Listed below are several types of lightweight aggregates suitable for structural
reinforced concrete:-

3. Expanded Clays and 4.Sintered Pulverised –

Shales – capable of fuel ash aggregate – is being
achieving sufficiently high
used in the UK for a variety of
2. Foamed Slag – was strength for prestressed
structural purposes and is being
1. Pumice – is used concrete. Well established
the first lightweight marketed under the trade name
for reinforced under the trade names of
aggregate suitable for Lytag
concrete roof slab, Aglite and Leca (UK),
reinforced concrete that was
mainly for industrial Haydite, Rocklite, Gravelite
produced in large quantity in
roofs in Germany. and Aglite (USA).
the UK
 TYPES of CONCRETE

2. Aerated Concrete
Aerated concrete has the lowest density, thermal
conductivity and strength.
For works in-situ the usual methods of aeration are by It is made by either a physical or a chemical process
mixing in stabilized foam or by whipping air in with the during which either air or gas is introduced into a slurry,
aid of an air entraining agent. which generally contains no coarse material.

The precast products are usually made by the addition of Aerated concrete used as a structural material is usually
about 0.2 percent aluminium's powder to the mix which high-pressure steam-cured.
reacts with alkaline substances in the binder forming
hydrogen bubbles. It is thus factory-made and available to the user in precast
Air-cured aerated concrete is used where little strength is units only, for floors, walls and roofs.
required e.g. roof screeds and pipe lagging.
Aerated concrete is a lightweight, cellular material Autoclaved aerated concrete, which was originally
consisting of cement and/or lime and sand or other developed in Sweden in 1929, is now manufactured all
silicious material. over the world.
 TYPES of CONCRETE

3. No Fines Concrete
The term no-fines concrete generally means concrete composed
of cement and a coarse (9-19mm) aggregate only (at least 95
percent should pass the 20mm BS sieve, not more than 10
percent should pass the 10mm BS sieve and nothing should pass
the 5mm BS sieve), and the product so formed has many
uniformly distributed voids throughout its mass.

No-fines concrete is thus an agglomeration of coarse aggregate

particles, each surrounded by a coating of cement paste up to
about 1·3 mm (0·05 in.) thick.
Although the strength of no-fines concrete is considerably lower
than that of normal-weight concrete, this strength, coupled with
the lower dead load of the structure, is sufficient in buildings up
to about 20 storeys high and in many other applications.
 TYPES of CONCRETE: Based on Density
and Strength
Employing chiefly for insulation
purposes.
With low unit weight, seldom exceeding
800 kg/m³. Midway between the structural and
Heat insulation value are high. low density concrete.
Compressive strength are low, These are sometimes designed as ‘fill’
Regarding from about 0.69 to 6.89 Low concrete.
N/mm2. density Compressive strength are
concrete approximately 6.89 to 17.24 N/mm²
and
Moderate insulation values are intermediate.
strength
Concrete with full structural concrete
efficiency
With low unit weight, seldom exceeding
800 kg/m³. Structural
Heat insulation value are high. concrete
Compressive strength are low,
Regarding from about 0.69 to 6.89
N/mm2.
 Of CONCRETE

Lightweight concrete mixture is made with a lightweight coarse aggregate and sometimes a portion or entire
fine aggregates may be lightweight instead of normal aggregates.

Reduction of dead load, faster building rates and lower haulage and handling costs.

In frame structures, considerable savings in cost can be brought about by using LWC for the construction
floors, partition and external cladding.

Most building materials such as clay bricks the haulage load is limited not by volume but by weight. With
suitable design containers much larger volumes of LWC can haul economically.
 Of CONCRETE

The only drawback of lightweight concrete is that the depth of carbonation i.e. the depth within
which corrosion can occur under suitable conditions is nearly twice than that of normal concrete.

Special care will have to be taken to provide sufficient cover to the reinforcement of the lightweight
structures to grant protection against corrosion.
 Of CONCRETE

Screeds and thickening for general purposes Construction of partition walls and panel walls in
especially when such screeds or thickening and frame structures.
weight to floors roofs and other structural members.
Fixing bricks to receive nails from joinery, principally
Screeds and walls where timber has to be attached in domestic or domestic type construction.
by nailing.
General insulation of walls.
Casting structural steel to protect its against fire and
corrosion or as a covering for architectural Surface rendered for external walls of small houses.
purposes.
Heat insulation on roofs. It is also being used for reinforced concrete.

Insulating water pipes.