Calaca Academy,

Inc

“THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ONLINE CLASSES AND

LEARNING STRATEGIES DURING THE ONLINE MODALITY
OF TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS BY STUDENTS OF
CALACA ACADEMY INC.”
 Calaca Academy,
Inc APPROVAL SHEET

This term paper entitled “THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ONLINE

CLASSES AND LEARNING STRATEGIES DURING THE ONLINE

MODALITY OF TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS BY THE

STUDENTS OF CALACA ACADEMY INC.”, prepared and submitted by

JOHN PATRICK B. ADMANA and KINGLORD D. BAUTISTA in

fulfillment as a requirement in ENGLISH FOR ACADEMICS AND

PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES subject.

JOHN PATRICK B. ADMANA

Author

KINGLORD D. BAUTISTA
Author

Signed and approved by English for Academic and Professional Purposes

Teacher

BILLY JOE A. PAGADORA, LPT

Subject Teacher
 Calaca Academy,
Inc EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

TITLE : “THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ONLINE

CLASSES AND LEARNING
STRATEGIES DURING THE
ONLINE MODALITY OF
OF TEACHING AND LEARNING
PROCESS BY STUDENTS OF
CALACA ACADEMY INC.”

RESEARCHERS : John Patrick B. Admana

Kinglord D. Bautista

NAME AND ADDRESS : Calaca Academy, Inc

OF INSTITUTION Admana St. Poblacion 2, Calaca City,
Batangas

STRAND : Science, Technology, Engineering and

Mathematics

YEAR : 2022

SUBJECT TEACHER : Billy Joe A. Pagadora, LPT

ABSTRACT

Nowadays, most of the students are learning with the help of social

media like YouTube, Facebook, and Instagram which is being an indispensable

part of their learning and top of that, most the parents are preferring online

learning just because of its feasibility, as it has an additional benefit for

economically weaker students because online learning is cost-effective. Hence,

we can clearly understand that online learning is indeed helpful in improving the

academic performance of a student. Online learning can improve the

 Calaca Academy,
Inc
performance of those students who are shy in nature as they couldn’t interact in

offline classes which impacts their academic performance.

Online learning has some other advantages as well like a student can

have multiple options of courses to choose, thereby, they can choose any subject

of their choice which will undoubtedly improve academic performance. Online

education enables you to study or teach from anywhere in the world. This means

there's no need to commute from one place to another, follow a rigid schedule.

On top of that, not only do you save time, but you also save money, which can

be spent on other priorities. Virtual learning can provide you with a number of

career advancement opportunities. Because you're the master of your own

schedule, students of virtual learning are better prepared to continue working

while pursuing academic credentials. The online learning environment is, after

all, just another learning environment. In some ways, it is similar to and in other

ways different from environments that are more traditional. When we move our

classes to the Internet, plan for and make the best use of the online environment.

The instructional strategies we use to meet the goals and objectives of our

courses are likely to be similar in each environment. However, the ways in

which we utilize the strategies will differ as we make the best use of the

characteristics and capacities of each environment. They are engaging,

supporting, and empowering young people to put their ideas into action and play

a leading role in the recovery.

 Calaca Academy,
Inc
As students have the liberty to learn at their own pace with e-learning

methodology, it makes them interested in choosing online education and mode

of learning above traditional learning.

 Calaca Academy,
Inc INTRODUCTION

Online learning is a term used to be describe various learning

environments that are conducted and supported by the use of computer and

internet. There are number of definition and terminologies that are used to

describe online learning. These include: Online learning, distance learning,

computer learning among others (Anon, 2001). Distant learning is one of the

terminologies used in online learning and encompasses all learning methods that

are used to train student that are geographically away from the training school.

Online learning on the other hand is used to describe all the learning methods

that are supported by the internet (Moore et al., 2011).

Another terminology that is used is Online learning which has been

described by most authors as a learning method that is supported by the use of

computers, web enable communication and the use of new technological tools

that enhance communication (Spector, 2008). Other terminologies that are used

to describe this form of online learning are virtual learning, collaborative

learning, web based learning and computer supported collaborative learning

(Conrad, 2006).

Online learning is the newest and most popular form of distance

education today. Within the past 2 years, it has had a major impact on post-

secondary education and the trend is only increasing. Online education has been

the fastest-growing segment of higher education. Because, unlike traditional

classroom-based instruction, many questions have been raised as to the quality

 Calaca Academy,
Inc
of the education offered in the online modality. However, there is still concern

about the quality of online education among many in the higher education

community. Educators question whether the content of courses is altered and if

student learning is diminished as classes are delivered through these different

conduits of instruction. Learning technique guidance centers around procedures

that work with the dynamic educational experience by showing understudies

how to advance and how to utilize what they have figured out and how to take

care of issues and find success.

A learning strategy is an individual’s way of organizing and using a

particular set of skills to learn content or accomplish other tasks more

effectively and efficiently in school as well as in non-academic settings

(Schumaker & Deshler). It can settle large numbers of the understudies learning

issues in a regular learning climate, as it assists the with going to classes

because of multiple factors, as it has made the correspondence/communication

among them and their educators a lot simpler and the admittance to addresses

substantially more within reach. Does online teaching make a significant

improvement in students’ academic performance and their skills such as

organization, communication, responsibilities, problem-solving tasks,

engagement, learning interest, self-evolution, and abilities to reach their

potential? This research aims to examine the effect of using modern teaching

methods. Factors that may affect students’ collaboration or teamwork, time

management, and communication skills are taken into consideration.

 Calaca Academy,
Inc BODY

Online learning is education that takes place over e-learning. It is often

referred to as “e-learning” among other terms. However, online learning is just

one type of “distance learning” - the umbrella term for any learning that takes

place across distance and not in a traditional classroom. The COVID-19

pandemic has forced an immediate implementation of online learning. However,

little is known about its effectiveness and the challenges faced by the students.

Online education enables the teacher and the student to set their own

learning pace, and there's the added flexibility of setting a schedule that fits

everyone's agenda. The availability of the internet and the cost of internet

packages determine the continuity of online learning. However, in practice, this

study found that students experienced limited internet access because of their

geographical location, or as a result of limited finances with which to purchase

internet packages. Students’ level of literacy, and their ability to access online

learning, are also crucial to the effectiveness of online learning. Hazwani et al.

(2020) found that internet connection was the most significant factor influencing

the effectiveness of e-learning. As a result, using an online educational platform

allows for a better balance of work and studies, so there's no need to give

anything up.

The student perspective is especially important when new teaching

approaches are used and when new technologies are being introduced. Effects of

the pandemic have affected and continue to affect education methods every day.
 Calaca Academy,
Inc
The education methods are not immune to the pandemic periods we are facing,

so teachers must know how to adapt their methods in such a way that teaching,

and are quality, is not negatively affected. This study provides an overview of

different types of teaching methodology before, during, and after the

coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study describes the

different types of teaching (e.g., presence learning, blended learning, and

distance education). The non-face-to-face teaching model is becoming

increasingly popular in the field of higher education. Schools traditionally

oriented to face-to-face teaching, regardless of whether they are public or

private, are embracing this model. Although they maintain their main face-to-

face structure, they offer students some distance-based degrees and master’s

studies.

Distance education, also known as online learning, is a type of education

developed using technology that allows students to attend classes in remote

locations. Effective online instruction depends on learning experiences that are

appropriately designed and facilitated by knowledgeable educators. Because

learners have different learning styles or a combination of styles, online

educators should design activities that include multiple modes of learning.

Teaching models should also be adapted to the new learning e environments.

Most adult learners favor discussion as an instructional strategy because it is

interactive and encourages participatory learning. Discussion encourages

learners to analyze alternative ways of thinking and acting. Through this,

learners explore their own experiences to become better critical thinkers. The
 Calaca Academy,
Inc
discussion is often the heart of Mentorship to promote learner development

drawing out and giving form to what the student already knows. A mentor

serves as a guide rather than a provider of knowledge and serves the function of

introducing students to the new world, interpreting it for them, and helping them

to learn what they need to know to function in it. Mentors in education teach by

interpreting the environment and modeling expected behaviors. They also

support challenges and provide a vision for their students.

In small groups, learners discuss content, share ideas, and solve

problems. They present ideas as well as consider ideas put forth by others. In

this way, they see a variety of viewpoints on an aspect. IBM has found that

participants learn five times more material in online learning courses using

multimedia content than in face-to-face courses. Because online courses give

students full control their learning can work at their speed. Online courses

provide opportunities for students.

Students in a school that doesn’t offer statistics classes may be able to

learn statistics with virtual lessons. If students fail algebra, they may be able to

catch up during evenings or summer using online classes, and not disrupt their

math trajectory at school. So, almost certainly, online classes sometimes benefit

students. In comparison to online and in-person classes, however, online classes

aren’t as effective as in-person classes for most students. Only a little research

has assessed the effects of online lessons for senior high school students, and

even less has used the “gold standard” method of comparing the results for

students assigned randomly to online or in-person courses. Students who

 Calaca Academy,
Inc
struggle in in-person classes are likely to struggle even more online. But just

because students who struggle in in-person classes are even more likely to

struggle online doesn’t mean that’s inevitable. Online teachers will need to

consider the needs of less-engaged students and work to engage them. Online

courses might be made to work for these students on average, even if they have

not in the past. Online courses are generally not as effective as in-person classes,

but they are certainly better than no classes. Contrastingly, Awal et al. (2020)

found that online learning is effective but inefficient.

They understand online learning to be effective as a response to the

urgency of the pandemic; however, learning outcomes cannot be met, as it

requires significant costs to purchase suitable internet packages. Online distance

learning meets the needs of an ever-growing population of students who cannot

or prefer not to participate in traditional classroom settings. These learners

include those unable to attend traditional classes, who cannot find a particular

class at their chosen institution, who live in remote locations, who work full-

time and can only study at or after work, and who simply prefer to learn

independently. The online model emphasizes an interactive learning

environment, designed to stimulate dialogue between instructor and students

and among students themselves. The online process requires both instructors

and students to take active roles. The instructor will often act as a facilitator,

organizing activities that engage students directly rather than relying too heavily

on lectures and memorization.

 Calaca Academy,
Inc
Sipes and Ricciardi, (2006) also examined the nature of online and face-

to-face education and concluded that the main difference is that online

instruction is student-centered while traditional courses are instructor-centered.

Sugar, Martindale, and Crawley investigated the difficulty of transitioning from

one mode to the other (2007).

Turnball (2002) described his experience in translating his face-to-face

course to the online environment. He points out that the process changes the

instructor’s role to that of a facilitator and creates a challenge to keep the

learning active. Singh and Stoloff (2007) surveyed a class and found that

students believed they learned as much in an online course as they did in a face-

to-face class. Cragg, Dunning, and Ellis (2008) found in their study of a course

taught in two different modalities, that there was no difference in the outcomes.

Tutty and Kleine (2008) found that facilitating both online and face-to-

face collaboration can lead to the development of effective learning strategies.

The general ability of the value of methods based on learning analytics remains

one of the big challenges in the field of learning analytics. One approach to

testing the generalizability of a method is to apply it consistently in different

learning contexts. This study extends a previously published works by

examining the general ability of a learning analytics method proposed for

detecting learning tactics and strategies from trace data. The method was

applied to the datasets collected in three different course designs and delivery

modalities, including flipped classroom, blended learning, and massive open

online course. The proposed method combines process mining and sequence
 Calaca Academy,
Inc
analysis. The detected learning strategies are explored in terms of their

association with academic performance. The results indicate the applicability of

the proposed method across different learning contexts.

Moreover, the findings contribute to the understanding of the learning

tactics and strategies identified in the trace data: learning tactics proved to be

responsive to the course design, whereas learning strategies were found to be

more sensitive to the delivery modalities than to the course design. These

findings, well aligned with self-regulated learning theory, highlight the

connections of learning contexts with the choice of learning tactics and

strategies.
 Calaca Academy,
Inc CONCLUSION

The truth is, for many students, online learning is only a formality and

not a real substitute for regular teaching. Some teachers only share material with

students without teaching it. Online testing is sometimes based on the principle

of “work it out yourself”. Students are not acquiring real, long-lasting

knowledge. And some students don’t have the opportunity to leave their home

during the two hours allowed during the curfew because they have to sit in

online classes. Some students don’t even have the proper equipment to attend

online classes. They don’t have electronic devices such as computers,

telephones, and cameras. The number of these devices in households is often

limited which can be very inconvenient for online appointments, classes, and

meetings that take place simultaneously. Also, some teachers don’t consider the

fact that during online testing, the student may lose the internet connection.

Unfortunately, if this happens, the student gets graded based on the number of

questions answered and recorded in the system before the connection was lost.

Students also face problems managing their own time as a result of online

teaching.

Students need to be more enthusiastic about new learning methods. Ask

more questions; be it to their lecturer or their roommates in the accommodation

that they share. Those who live by themselves can exchange emails with their

peers while willing to learn with an open mind and heart.

 Calaca Academy,
Inc
Effective time management allows students to complete more in less

time, because their attention is focused and they’re not wasting time on

distractions such as social media, for example. Efficient use of time also reduces

stress, as students tick off items from their to-do list. It can also provide a sense

of achievement from fulfilling goals. For example, they might plan to complete

an assignment by Friday so they can see friends on the weekend.

By assessing what needs to be achieved within a given timeframe, tasks

can be rated according to their importance. Setting priorities for each day, week,

month, and year can help students accomplish their goals. It also helps to ensure

activities that are vitally important but not urgent – such as personal devotion,

adequate sleep, and exercise – are given precedence. Some people prioritize

easy tasks early in the day and use the boost to move forward. Others prefer to

tackle bigger jobs first.

Once priorities are set, it’s important to have a plan for getting them

done. Some people are naturally well-organized, and others need some help.

Strategies like maintaining an up-to-date calendar and keeping a tidy study

environment help. There are many useful software programs and apps to aid

organization.

Furthermore, by using time efficiently, students can complete their work

on time, stay engaged with their learning, and have more time free for pursuing

activities that are important to them, such as sports, hobbies, youth group, and

spending time with friends and family. Good time management allows students

to make the most of their abilities and enjoy the satisfaction of accomplishment.
 Calaca Academy,
Inc
It is also one of the most desirable skills for employment.

Conversation is one of the most basic and essential communication

skills. It enables people to share thoughts, opinions, and ideas, and receive them

in turn. Although it may appear simple on the surface, effective conversations

include a give-and-take exchange that consists of elements such as body

language, eye contact, and responding. Students can learn the foundational

elements of conversation by watching films or videos of these interactions

taking place. Pause the video and ask questions such as, “What message is the

listener sending by crossing his arms? What else can you tell by observing the

expressions and body language of both people in the conversation?”

Communication isn’t just about speaking; it’s also about

listening. Teachers can help their students develop listening skills by reading a

selection of text aloud, and then having the class discuss and reflect on the

content. Active listening also means listening to understand rather than reply.

Reinforce building good listening skills by encouraging students to practice

asking clarifying questions to fully understand the speaker’s intended message.

Going from structured day at school to a completely unstructured one

can be difficult and hard to adjust to. Getting children, especially the younger

ones, to sit still long enough watch a lesson their teacher recorded or taught live

online is difficult and can cause them to miss key concept from the lesson.

Students may find Zoom lessons are hard to get into with the distraction of

smartphones and television in the same room. Regardless of the reason for

difficulty, solutions such as implementing a routine, creating a school space, and

 Calaca Academy,
Inc
wisely using unstructured time can help students of all age.

Learning from home is usually more comfortable than sitting at a desk in

a classroom, but at home there are also many distractions. Sticking to a routine

can help students use their time more wisely and complete their classwork on

time. Scheduling time for physical activity and nutritious meals can also help

students stay on task.

One suggestion is to stick as closely to the student’s school schedule as

possible. Waking up and getting dressed, taking breaks, and eating meals at the

same time will help things feel more familiar and predictable. Build in blocks of

time for schoolwork, physical activity, meals, chores, and downtime. Don’t

forget to have time for connection, such as calling or video chatting with friends

and family members.

It can also be motivating for students if they’re allowed some input, so if

they aren’t old enough to create their own schedule, ask them what they think

their schedule should look like and talk about it together. Older students, such as

those in high school and college, will benefit from creating their own schedules

and taking in that responsibility.

 Calaca Academy,
Inc BIBLIOGRAPHY

(Moore et al., 2011) Online learning is used to describe all the learning methods

that are supported by the internet.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233779932

Anon, C. (2001). E-learning is taking off in Europe. Industrial and Commercial

Training, 33 (7), 280-282

Conrad, D. (2006). E-Learning and social change, Perspectives on higher

education in the digital age. New York: Nova Science Publishers.

Moore, J. L., Camille, D. & Galyen, K. (2011). E-Learning, online learning and

distance learning environments: Are they the same? Internet and Higher

Education, 14(1),129-135.

https://ivypanda.com/essays/impact-of-online-courses-on-education/

Burgess, J. & Russell, J. (2003).The effectiveness of distance learning initiatives

in organizations. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 63 (2),289-303.

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/how-online-learning-can-improve-academic-

performance-ecadema-awana

Hazwani et al. (2020) found that internet connection was the most significant

factor influencing the effectiveness of e-learning.

DOI:10.24191/ajue.v17i3.14514

https://ecadema.medium.com/how-online-learning-can-improve-academic-

performance-ecadema-its-time-343378a7cecb

Awal et al. (2020) found that online learning is effective but inefficient.

https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1309475.pdf
 Calaca Academy,
Inc
Sipes and Ricciardi, (2006) examine the nature of online and face-to-face

education.DOI:10.2139/ssrn.894223

Tutty and Kleine (2008) found that facilitating both online and face-to-face

collaboration can lead to the development of effective learning strategies

https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1058308.pdf .

Cragg, Dunning, and Ellis (2008) found in their study of a course taught in two

differentmodalitieshttps://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1058308.pdf

Spector, J., Merrill, M., Merrienboer, J. & Driscoll, M. P. (2008). Handbook of

research on educational communications and technology (3rd ed.), New York:

Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. https://ivypanda.com/essays/impact-of-online-

courses-on-education/