Prepared by

EMITERIO M. DOMINGO JR.

GENERAL MATHEMATICS 11
 Prepared by
EMITERIO M. DOMINGO JR.

GENERAL MATHEMATICS 11
GENERAL MATHEMATICS 11
 One-to-One Function and Horizontal Line Test

A function 𝑓 is said to be one-to-one function if and only if

GENERAL MATHEMATICS 11
One-to-One Function and Horizontal Line Test

GENERAL MATHEMATICS 11
 Defining Inverse Functions
Let 𝑓 be a one-to-one function A and range B. Let x be an element
of A and 𝑦 be an element of B such that 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑦
The 𝑖𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓 is denoted by 𝑓 −1 , is a function with
domain B and Range A, such that for every 𝑦 in set B,
𝑓 −1 𝑦 = 𝑥
Where 𝑥 is an element of A.
Note that in the notation 𝑓 −1 , −1 is not an exponent. That is
1
𝑓 −1 ≠ .
𝑓

GENERAL MATHEMATICS 11
 The Image of and Preimage of a Function

Given 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑦, 𝑦 is called the 𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑓. It is the values of the function given 𝑥
is an element of the domain. Meanwhile, given that 𝑓 −1 𝑦 = 𝑥, 𝑥 is the
𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑦 𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑓.
Consider the set of ordered pairs below:
1, 2 , 2, 1 , (3, −2)}
What is the domain of the function?

GENERAL MATHEMATICS 11
 The Image of and Preimage of a Function

Given 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑦, 𝑦 is called the 𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑓. It is the values of the function given 𝑥
is an element of the domain. Meanwhile, given that 𝑓 −1 𝑦 = 𝑥, 𝑥 is the
𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑦 𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑓.
Consider the set of ordered pairs below:
1, 2 , 2, 1 , (3, −2)}
What is the domain of the function?

𝐹 1 = 2 𝐹 2 = 1 𝐹 3 = −2
The image of 1 under F is 2
The image of 2 under F is 1
The image of 3 under F is -2

GENERAL MATHEMATICS 11
 Defining Inverse Functions

Note that a function must be one-to-one for its inverse to

GENERAL MATHEMATICS 11
 Finding the Inverse of a Function

Example 1:
Find the inverse of 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 − 2

GENERAL MATHEMATICS 11
 Finding the Inverse of a Function

Example 1:
Find the inverse of 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 − 2
Solution:
𝑦 = 𝑥3 − 2
𝑥 = 𝑦3 − 2 Replace x with y and y with x
𝑦3 = 𝑥 + 2 Transpose -2 to the other side of the equation
3
𝑦= 𝑥+2 Take the cube root of both sides
−𝟏 𝟑
𝒇 (𝒙) = 𝒙+𝟐

GENERAL MATHEMATICS 11
 Finding the Inverse of a Function
Example 2:
4𝑥−3
Find the inverse of 𝑓 𝑥 = 5
Solution:
4𝑥−3
𝑦= Change 𝑓(𝑥) to y
5
4𝑦−3
𝑥= 5
Replace x with y and y with x
5𝑥 = 4𝑦 − 3 Cross Multiply
4𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 3 Transpose -3 to the other side of the equation
4𝑦 5𝑥+3
= Divide both sides of the equation by 4
4 4
5𝑥+3
𝑦= Simplify
4
𝟓𝒙 + 𝟑
𝒇−𝟏 𝒙 =
𝟒

GENERAL MATHEMATICS 11
 Finding the Inverse of a Function

Since every point of 𝑎, 𝑏 on the graph of a one-to-

GENERAL MATHEMATICS 11
 Finding the Inverse of a Function
Consider the composition of a one-to-one function 𝑓 and its inverse 𝑓 −1. Using the same functions, we
4𝑥−3 5𝑥+3
have 𝑓 𝑥 = and 𝑓 −1 𝑥 = . Find 𝑓 ∘ 𝑓 −1 and 𝑓 −1 ∘ 𝑓.
5 4
Solution:

GENERAL MATHEMATICS 11
 Finding the Inverse of a Function
Consider the composition of a one-to-one function 𝑓 and its inverse 𝑓 −1. Using the same functions, we
4𝑥−3 5𝑥+3
have 𝑓 𝑥 = and 𝑓 −1 𝑥 = . Find 𝑓 ∘ 𝑓 −1 and 𝑓 −1 ∘ 𝑓.
5 4
Solution:
𝑓 ∘ 𝑓 −1 𝑥 = 𝑓 𝑓 −1 𝑥 𝑓 −1 ∘ 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑓 −1 𝑓 𝑥
5𝑥+3 4𝑥−3
=𝑓 = 𝑓 −1
4 5
5𝑥+3 4𝑥−3 4𝑥 − 3 5𝑥 + 3
𝑓 =
4 5 𝑓 −1 =
5𝑥 + 3 5 4
4 −3 4𝑥 − 3
4 5 +3
= 5
5 =
5𝑥 + 3 − 3 4
= 4𝑥 − 3 + 3
5 =
5𝑥 4
= 4𝑥
5 =
=𝒙 4
=𝒙
The composition of a one-to-one function 𝑓 and 𝑓 −1 always
result to the identity function.
GENERAL MATHEMATICS 11
 Finding the Inverse of a Function

Example 3:
Find the inverse of 𝑓(𝑥) = 5𝑥 − 4

GENERAL MATHEMATICS 11