WINDOWS SERVER 2012 R2

Semester 3 Final Exam Preparation

CHAPTER 1
Installing windows 2012 R2 operating system
1. What is Windows Server?
Windows Server is a group of operating systems designed by Microsoft that supports
enterprise-level management, data storage, applications, and communications.
2. Why we need windows server. Explain?

Windows Server is the core of most of our small business clients’ networks, it holds
programs and data, allows secure sharing of data, and provides core network services like
User Authentication, DNS, DHCP, and File shares…
3. What is Windows Server 2012 R2?

Windows Server 2012 is the latest version of Windows Server, formerly codenamed as
Windows Server 8.
4. Explain VMware?

A virtual machine (VM) is a virtual environment that functions as a virtual computer system
with its own CPU, memory, network interface, and storage, created on a physical hardware
system.
5. Write the step, the way of installing windows server to the Virtual Machine?

1. Open VMware Player.

2. Select the Windows Server 2012 R2 virtual machine you created.
3. insert the windows server 2012 DVD, and on the message you get press Enter.
4. wait a while till the setup loads all necessary files.
5. Click next
6. Click install now
7. Select Windows Server 2012 DataCenter Evaluation (Server With GUI). => Click next
8. tick "I accept the license terms" and click next.
9. Choose the drive (or partition) you want to install windows on. => click next
10. setup will start.
11. set up a password for the Administrator user
12. the setup finalizes your setting
13. press Ctrl + Alt + Delete to log in.

6. With the help of a diagram, explain Hyper- V?

By: Mohamed Alinor

 WINDOWS SERVER 2012 R2

Hypervisor is a Software that separates the machine’s resources from the hardware and
distributes them appropriately so they can be used by the VM.

or

CHAPTER 2
Active directory, configuring domain controller and domain clients
1. Explain User? List types of Users?
A user is a person who utilizes a computer or network service.
There are two types of Users: Local users and Domain Users
2. What is Active Directory?
Active Directory: is a Microsoft Product that consists of several services that run on
a windows server to manage permissions and access to networked resources
3. Explain any two services of Active Directory?
a. Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS), which stores directory information
and handles the interaction of the user with the domain.
b. Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services (AD LDS): is a Lightweight
Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) that provides flexible support for directory-
enabled applications, without the dependencies and domain-related
restrictions of Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS)
4. Compare Active Directory and Workgroup?
………
5. Explain AD DS? Why we use AD DS ?
Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS), stores directory information and handles
the interaction of the user with the domain. AD DS verifies access when a user signs
into a device or attempts to connect to a server over a network. AD DS controls
which users have access to each resource.

6. Explain how the client connects to the domain?

Connect Client To Domain

By: Mohamed Alinor

 WINDOWS SERVER 2012 R2

1. Open Network and Sharing Center

2. Change adapter settings
3. Right-click on Local Area Connection, and select Properties.
4. Select Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) and click Properties
5. Check on Use the following DNS server addresses
6. Click Ok when done
7. Write a note about the domain controller?
A domain controller is a server responsible for managing network and identity
security requests. It acts as a gatekeeper and authenticates whether the user is
authorized to access the IT resources in the domain.

CHAPTER 3
User, Permissions, Profiles and Home Folder
1. Differentiate between local user and domain user?
Local User
• A user account created in local Database of a computer.
• local users are generally used in WORKGROUP model.
• Local can login only on the respective computer.
Domain User
• A user account created in ACTIVE DIRECTORY Database.
• Domain users are used in DOMAIN model.
• Domain users con logon to any computer in the DOMAIN.
2. What are permissions?
Permissions define the type of access granted to a user, group or computer to
access the resources.
3. Explain two types of permissions?
A. Security Level Permissions
• Can be implemented only on NTFS partitions.
• Security of NTFS permission can be set on drives, folder and files.
• By default, security permissions will be inherited from its parent drive or
folder.
• File permissions override folder permissions.
• Different security permissions are:
✓ Full control, modify, Read & Executive, Write, Read and List of folder
contents.
B. Share Level Permissions
• It can be implemented only on NTFS and FAT partitions.

By: Mohamed Alinor

 WINDOWS SERVER 2012 R2

• it can be set on Drives and shared folders but not on files.

• What are shared folders?
• Shared folders are the folders that can be accessed from any where on
network.
• To hide a shared folder, include a $ after the name of the shared folder and
users access hidden shared folders by typing the UNC path.
• Different share permissions are:
• Read/Write
4. What is a Profile? List types of profiles?
Profiles is a User-State Environment or User Settings
Types of Profiles are:
▪ Local Profiles
▪ Roaming Profile
5. What is Home Folder?
Home Folder is a centralized location of the users files (data).

CHAPTER 4
Additional Domain Controllers, Role Of Active directory
1. Explain Identity and Access (IDA) infrastructure?
An IDA infrastructure should:
a. Store information about users, groups, computers, and other identities.
b. An identity is the representation of an entity that will perform actions on a server.
2. List and Explain. IDA responsibilities?
• Authentication
AD uses Kerberos Authentication
• Access Control
Maintains an Access Control List (ACL)
Reflects a security policy composed of permissions that specify access levels
for particular identities.
• Audit Trail
Allows monitoring of changes and activities within the IDA infrastructure

3. List all IDA Technologies supported by AD?

✓ Identity
✓ Applications
✓ Trust

By: Mohamed Alinor

 WINDOWS SERVER 2012 R2

✓ Integrity
✓ Partnership

4. List all components of an AD Infrastructure?

✓ Activity Directory data store
✓ Domain controller
✓ Domain
✓ Forest
✓ Tree
✓ Functional level
✓ Organizational unit (OU)
✓ Sites

5. Explain a) Activity Directory data store. b) Domain controller

✓ Active Directory stores information about objects on the network and makes this
information easy for administrators and users to find and use.

✓ The DCs are servers that perform the AD DC role.

The DCs also run the Kerberos Key Distribution Center (KDC) service.

CHAPTER 5 DHCP, DNS

1. What is DHCP?

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a component of the TCP/IP protocol suite
It gives IP Addresses automatically to the clients who is requesting for an IP Address
2. Explain the DHCP Assignment Process?
a. DHCPDISCOVER - client transmits a broadcast packet via UDP source port 68 and
UDP destination port 67 to the network
b. DHCPOFFER - DHCP server received the DHCPDISCOVER packet and responds with
an offer
c. DHCPREQUEST - client responds by requesting the offered address
d. DHCPACK - the server acknowledges the transaction and sends IP parameters to the
client

By: Mohamed Alinor