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Reagent List
Reagents

Name Notes Role

R-X → R-H; also Zn + dil.

Zinc + CH3COOH Reducing Agent
HCl; Zn + NaOH

Catalytic Hydrogenation; Syn

H2/Nickel Reducing Agent
addition

LiAlH4 Strong Agent Reducing Agent

Mild Agent, doesn't reduce

NaBH4 Reducing Agent
carboxylic acids

Very Strong Agent: reduces

Red P + HI carboxylic acids directly into Reducing Agent
hydrocarbons

Zn-Hg/HCl Clemennsion's Reduction Reducing Agent

NH2-NH2/KOH Wolff-Kishner Reduction Reducing Agent

Lindlars Catalyst,
H2/Pd-BaSO4 Reducing Agent
Rosenmund's reduction

Na, liq. NH3 Birch Reduction Reducing Agent

NaOH + CaO Soda Lime Decarboxylation Decarboxylating Agent

Reagent List 1
 Name Notes Role

Base
Alc. KOH
Dehydrohalogenation Agent

Base
NaNH2
Dehydrohalogenation Agent

R=R or R-O-R; Temp.

H2SO4 dependent; sulphonating Dehydrating Agent
agent for aromatic

H+/H2O Hydrating Agent

HgSO4/H2SO4 Hydrating Agent

Hg(OAc)/NaBH4 Oxymer-demur; Markonikov Hydrating Agent

Hydroboration-oxidation; Anti
B2H6/H2O2 Hydrating Agent
Markonikov

OsO4/alk. KMnO4(baeyrs) syn dihydroxylation Hydrating Agent

Zn/Alcohol vicinal halogens → alkene Dehalogenating Agent

cis vicinal halogens → alkene; Dehalogenating Agent

NaI/Acetone
Finkelstein Reaction Halogenating Agent

Hot Conc. KMnO4 Oxidative cleavage Oxidising Agent

O3/Zn Ozonolysis Oxidising Agent

PX3 follows Sn2 Halogenating Agent

PX5 follows Sn2 Halogenating Agent

HVZ Reaction when R-CH2-

Red P + X2 Halogenating Agent
COOH is substrate
Darzen's Process; Best for
SOCl2 making alkyl halides; Halogenating Agent
Sni(retention)

NBS Allylic substitution Halogenating Agent

Anti addition across double

Br2/CCl4 Halogenating Agent
bond
Electrophilic Aromatic
X2 + Lewis Acid Halogenating Agent
Substitution

Reagent List 2
 Name Notes Role

Riemer-Tiemann
CCl4/NaOH/Heat + H2O Carboxylating Agent
carboxylation

Base
C2H5O-Na+
Dehydrohalogenation Agent

H2O2/Peroxide For Amines(Cope Elimination) Oxidising Agent

HNO3 Nitrating agent with aromatic Oxidising Agent

SOCl2+CH2N2+H2O/Ag2O Arndt Einstert Reaction Chain Lengthening Agent

Best for reducing -COOH

B2H6 Reducing Agent
group

K2Cr2O7/H+ Very Strong Oxidising Agent

R-OH → R=R(E1) OR R-OH

Al2O3/Heat Dehydrating Agent
→ R-O-R(E2)
Carbocation mechanism; R-
Ag2O/H2O(AgOH) Hydrating Agent
X→ R-OH

NaOI2/ I2 + NaOH Iodoform reaction Halogenating Agent

R-Br → R-NH2; Gabriel

Pthalamide/KOH Aminating Agent
Pthalamide Synthesis

(C2H5O)3Al R-CHO → R-CO-O-C-R Esterifying Agent

PCC Mild, till aldehydes Oxidising Agent

Benzene → Malaeic
V2O5 Oxidising Agent
Anhydride

Sn/HCl Reducing Agent

CrO3/Pyridine Mild, only till aldehydes Oxidising Agent

Carbocation in aliphatic, N2Cl

NaNO2/HCl Diazonium formation
in aromatic

CHCl3/NaOH/Heat + H2O Riemer-Tiemann formylation Formylating Agent

3* alcohol undergoes Dehydrating Agent

Cu/Heat
dehydration Dehydrogenating Agent

Base
tert butyl-O-K+ Bulky base, hoffmann product
Dehydrohalogenation Agent

Reagent List 3
 Name Notes Role

P2O5 Dehydrating Agent

Stephen's Reduction of
SnCl2/HCl Reducing Agent
Nitriles

CO2/Base + H+ Kolbe's Reaction Carboxylating Agent

Mendius Reaction(RCN → R-
Na/ethanol Reducing Agent
CH2-NH2)

DIBAL-H Reducing Agent

Halohydrin in aliphatic,
Br2/H2O Halogenating Agent
tribromophenol with phenol

Trans Alkene major in all

H3PO4 Dehydrating Agent
dehydrations

AgF Swartz Rcn Halogenating Agent

CrO2Cl2/CS2 Etard Reaction Formylating Agent

NaOH Aldol, Cannizzaro Base

Cr2O3-Al2O3/ high P&T Aromatising Agent

CO + HCl + anhydrous
Gattermann Koch Reaction Formylating Agent
AlCl3

Strong, only oxidises

MnO2 Oxidising Agent
allylic/benzylic positions

Bulky base, selectively

LDA removes less hindered H+; Base
enolate formation

R-CO-CH3 → R-CO-CHO
SeO2 (ketone to dicarbonyl Oxidising Agent
compound)

CrO3/H2SO4 Jones Reagent, Strong Oxidising Agent

Mo2O3 Alkane → Aldehyde Oxidising Agent

Hoffmann Bromamide
Br2/NaOH Degrading Agent
Degradation
Sni(inversion) gives alkyl
SOCl2/Pyridine Halogenating Agent
chlorides from alkyl alcohols

POCl3/Pyridine E2 Mech, no rearrangement Dehydrating Agent

Reagent List 4
 Name Notes Role

So2cl2 Allylic substitution Halogenating Agent

Reagent List 5