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Lesson 3.1 Direct Variations Key Points

1. A direct variation exists between two quantities if the ratio between them is constant. The relationship can be expressed by the equation y = kx, where k is the constant of variation. 2. The graph of a direct variation is a straight line passing through the origin. 3. Examples are provided to demonstrate writing equations to describe direct variations based on statements given, as well as determining the constant of variation and equation from tables and graphs showing a direct relationship between variables.

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Midoriya Izuku
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184 views3 pages

Lesson 3.1 Direct Variations Key Points

1. A direct variation exists between two quantities if the ratio between them is constant. The relationship can be expressed by the equation y = kx, where k is the constant of variation. 2. The graph of a direct variation is a straight line passing through the origin. 3. Examples are provided to demonstrate writing equations to describe direct variations based on statements given, as well as determining the constant of variation and equation from tables and graphs showing a direct relationship between variables.

Uploaded by

Midoriya Izuku
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name: _________________________________________Yr& Sec: _______________________ Date: _____________ Score: ____________

Module 3 - Variations
Lesson 3.1.1 : Direct Variations
Key Concepts:
1. If the ratio between two quantities is constant, it means that one quantity varies directly as the
the other quantity, or the two quantities are in direct variation. In symbols
y =kx
or
y
=k
x

Where k is the constant of variation

2. The following statements mean direct variation


a) “ y varies directly as x “
b) “ y is directly proportional to x “
c) “ y is proportional to x
3. The graph of a direct variation is a straight line which will always go through the origin.
Examples:
1. Write an equation for the following statements
a) P varies directly as Q
Answer:
P
P=kQ or k=
Q
b) The cost ( c ) of meat varies directly as the number ( n ) of kilograms bought.
Answer:
c
c = kn or k=
n
c) The weight ( w ) of an athlete is directly proportional to his height ( h )
Answer:
w
w = kh or k =
h

2. If y varies directly as x and y = 24 when x = 6, find the variation constant and the equation of
variation.
Solution:
a) Express the statement “ y varies directly as x “ as y = kx.
b) Solve for k by substituting the given values in the equation.
y = kx
24 = 6k
6k = 24
6 k 24
=
6 6
k = 4 – constant of variation
c) Form the equation of the variation by substituting 4 in the statement, y = kx.
y = kx
y = 4x
3. The table below shows that the distance d varies directly as the time t. Find the constant of
variation and the equation which describes the relation.

Time ( hr ) 1 2 3 4 5
Distance ( km ) 10 20 30 40 50
Solution:
a) Since the distance d varies directly as the time t, then
d = kt
b) Choose one pair of ordered pair from the given table, substitute the values of d and t
in d = kt and solve for k
⋇( 1 , 10 )
d = kt
10 = k ( 1 )
k = 10- constant of variation
c) d = kt
d = 10 t
Activity 1: It’s Your Turn !
A. Write an equation for the following statements
1. The fare F of a passenger varies directly as the distance d of his destination. __________________________
2. The cost C of fish varies directly as its weight w in kilograms. __________________________
3. An employee’s salary S varies directly as the number of days d he has worked. _______________________
4. The area A of a square varies directly as the square of its side s. __________________________
5. The distance D travelled by a car varies directly as its speed s. __________________________
6. The length L of a person’s shadow at a given time varies directly as the
height h of the person. __________________________
7. The cost of electricity C varies directly as the number of kilowatt- hour
consumption I. __________________________
8. The volume V of a cylinder varies directly as its height h. __________________________
9. The weight W of an object is directly proportional to its mass m . __________________________
10. The area A of a triangle is proportional to its height h. __________________________
B. Determine if the tables and graphs below express a direct variation between the variables. If they do,
find the constant of variation and an equation that defines the relation.
1.
x 1 2 3 4
y -3 -6 -9 -12
2.
x 7 14 -21 -28
y 3 6 -9 -12

3.
x -15 10 -20 25
4. y 8 6 4 2
x 2 3 4 5
y 1 2 3 4
5.
x 16 20 24 28 32
y 12 15 18 21 24

6.
x 6 8 10 12
y 7 9 11 13
7. 8.

9. 10.

Activity 2: What is my K and Equation ?


Write an equation where y varies directly as x.
1. y = 28 when x = 7 6. y = 63 when x = 81
2. y = 30 when x = 28 7. y = 200 when x = 300
3. y = 0.7 when x = 0.4 8. y =1 andv x = 2
4. y = 0.8 when x = 0.5 9. y = 48 and x = 6
5. y = 400 when x = 25 10. y = 10 and x = 24

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