WEEK 1-5 IN P.

E 2

 Module 1: Rhythmic Activity

Rhythmic activities of the Olympics, such as gymnastics that combined movement with the use of rhythm. This created a form of
physical expression with strength and ability. Now, rhythmic activities commonly extend to physical games with elements of song and
dance.
Rhythm is the basic of music and dance. Rhythm in dance is simply an expressive movement made with or without music. All body
movements tend to be rhythmic the beating of the heart, the breathing of an individual, or even the growth of the living things has
rhythm in it. Most movements that take place in physical education classes contain rhythm.
Every individual has rhythm. It is found in all of nature and is natural to every individual. Rhythm is most clearly seen through dance- the
art of movement.
Rhythm is the regular recurrence of accented and unaccented beats. According to Webster, it is a measured motion or flow
characterized by regular recurrence of elements or features as beats, sounds, or accents.
 Rhythmic Pattern
Rhythmic pattern is the arrangement of long and short intervals with relation to the underlying beat, accompanied by dividing the beat
into parts and combining beats into different ways.
Elements of Rhythm:
1.     Beat—the underlying pulse of a rhythm.
2.    Tempo—rate of speed of a movement.
3.    Intensity—variation of stress of movement.
4.    Pitch—lowness or highness of a tone.
5.    Accent—emphasis on certain beats.
6.    Meter—the regular recurrence of beats which divides a musical design into measure.
7.     Phrase—measures grouped together.
8.    Bar—in music a vertical line across a staff dividing it into equal measures of time.
9.    Count—a pulse beat, a time limit.
10.   Note—a printed symbol of a musical tone.
11.   Measure—a group of pulse beats.
12.   Note pattern—refers to a note or set of notes with or without rest used for a certain dance step.
13.   Step pattern—refers to the movement or movements done for each of the dance steps.
Purpose of Rhythmic Activities
Rhythmic activities are combinations of physical movements with sounds, beats, or music. Rhythmic activities rely on an internal or
external rhythm used for self-expression, exercise, demonstration of physical ability, socialization, and expression of culture.
What are the five phases of rhythmic activity program?
 Aerobics - a kind of exercise that merges rhythmic aerobic exercise and strength training exercise.
Break dancing - an athletic style of dance.
Gymnastics - a sport that needs balance, strength, flexibility, agility, coordination and endurance in order to execute.
Bending - a movement around a joint.
Stretching - muscles or tendons are flexed.
 Examples of rhythmic activities
Line dancing, classic dances like the waltz, and other popular social group dances.
Skills include: walking, running, hopping, skipping, galloping and sliding to music; moving to music with a partner or in a group, with
others in a circle and in a square. Activities: Explore the kinds of movement which can be done to music when large groups are formed
in circles and squares.
Now, rhythmic activities commonly extend to physical games with elements of song and dance. Some current examples include jump
rope games, popular dance workouts, like Zumba, or even the use of noisemakers.
Benefits of Rhythmic Activities
 Rhythmic activities improve physical and mental health. Aside from increased physical confidence, rhythmic activities can also improve
mental functions because rhythm regulates the brain and prevents cognitive decline. It also boosts the chemicals in our brain that
support better memory and learning.
Elements of movement Space:
1.       Direction—is the line of movement taken which maybe forward, backward, sideward, diagonal, upward, or a combination of those
mentioned.
2.       Level—is movement through space that maybe done at a high, low, or medium level?
3.       Range—refers to the area covered as the body moves. It may be small as when the movement is done in one’s place; or large
when movement covers a wide area as when getting away from one’s place.
4.       Floor Pattern—the path or design that is made while moving in space is what is termed as floor pattern. It may take a form of a
circle, square, straight line or zigzag.
5.       Step pattern—refers to the movement or movements done for each of the dance steps.
 

WEEK 2

Let’s Begin!
 
Module 2: Folk dance 
A form of dance developed by a group of people that reflects the traditional life of a certain country or region. Folk dancing represents
the dance forms of the common people as opposed to those from the upper classes.
Folk dances may emerge spontaneously among groups of people or derive from previous styles. The style can be free-form or rigidly
structures. Once established, folk dance steps are passed down through generations and rarely change. Usually associated with social
activities, some dances are also performed competitively, and in some regions, folk dancing is even involved in cultural education. Folk
Dance - History and Types of Folk Dance

The Basic Natural Movements:

 
Locomotor Movements - These are movements where the body travels through space from one location to another. Locomotor
movements primarily use the feet for support however, the body can travel on other parts such as the hands and feet.
 
Even Rhythm
Walk - The walk is a transfer of weight from one foot to the other.  Usually the heel touches first.
Run - The run is a transfer of weight from one foot to the other however, the body is propelled into the air and suspended between run
steps.
Jump - The jump required the body to push off from one or both feet. Most common is a two foot take off and two foot landing.  A jump
can take off on one foot and land on two or take off from two feet and land on one foot.
Hop - The hop requires a push-off from one foot and landing on the same foot.
Leap - A leap is performed by pushing off from one foot and landing on the other foot. The body is suspended in the and between the
push off and the landing. Can be combined with a run or walk.
 
Uneven Rhythm
Skip - A combination of a step and a hop on the same foot followed by a step and hop on the other foot.
The rhythm is uneven long -short.  Long (the step) and short (the hop).
Gallop - A forward movement where one foot leads the gallop while the other foot follows. The lead footsteps with a bent knee and
pushes off into the air and landing on the trailing foot. The rhythm is uneven, long -short. Long (the step) and short (the landing).
Slide - Is similar to a gallop performed with the right or left foot leading. The rhythm is uneven, long short.   Long (the step) and short
(the landing).
 
Non Locomotor - These are movements that occur in the body parts or the whole body and do not cause the body to travel to another
space.  However, non-locomotor movements can be combined with locomotor movements such as a walk and arm swing.
Swing - a pendula motion of a body part that can move forward and backward or side to side. Twist - a partial rotation of body parts
around an axis
Turn - a full rotation of the body around a vertical or horizontal axis.  Full, half or quarter turns Shake  - a short quick vibrating
movement in a body part or the whole body.
Bend - a flex of a body part at a joint
Stretch - extending a body part or the whole body
Wiggle - a small or big, fast or slow curvy movement of a body part or the whole body.
Rock or sway - shift of the body weight forward, backward, side to side or in a circular pathway.
 
PHASES OF THE DANCE PROGRAM

1.    Creative Rhythms
Are sometimes called fundamental rhythms or natural dances. A creative rhythm is an end product of exploration and improvisation of
movements as children learn to move the parts of their body and to use them as instruments of expression.
 
2.    Folk/ Ethnic dance
Is a cultural art form handed down from generation to generations? It communicates the customs, beliefs, rituals, and occupations of
the people of a region or country. Folk dancing belongs to the people. It emanates from them. Ethnic tribes have their specific tribal art
forms originated and danced by the people of the tribe.
Examples of folk dances are the rural and country dances, jotas, mazurkas, and pandanggos, among others with foreign influence.
Examples of ethnic dances are the dances of the mountain peoples of the Cordilleras, dances of the ethnic groups in the Cagayan
Valley Region and the ethnic dances in the Mindanao Regions.
 
3.    Social and Ballroom Dance
The setting of the social and ballroom dance is a social gathering with the more formal atmosphere than the simple and informal parties
in which the recreational dances are the usual forms. Social and ballroom dancing are generally held in the evenings. The participants
are usually in formal attire.
 
4.    Recreational Dance
Includes dance mixers, square dance round and couple dances. Many of these dances have simple patterns and combinations of
walking steps, polka step and the waltz step. The setting is usually informal gatherings and parties, reunions etc.
 
5.    Creative Dance
Is the highest form of dance? It is the end-product of exploration of movements as the dancer or the choreographer expresses his
feelings or emotions, ideas, and interpretations. This is a dance with a definite form, a beginning and an ending. The principles of art
form are all observed in the composition of the dance.
Examples of creative dance are ballet, jazz, and modern or contemporary dance.

WEEK 3

WEEK 3 IN PE

Module 3: PHILIPPINE FOLK DANCE

 
The Philippine folk dance in particular is being studies to perpetuate the customs and traditional of the Filipinos. Like other countries
these are the traditional dances which evolved naturally and spontaneously in connection with everyday activities and experiences of
the people who developed them.
             
 It has been said that folk dancing is the heartbeat of the people – the outburst of people’s feelings. Philippines folk dance are traditional
social expression of the Filipinos. Folk dance expresses their ideas, mores, feelings and thoughts. As a people, Filipinos express their
aspiration, hopes, and dreams through the physical and performing art that is folk dance.
Fundamental Dance position 
Description of dance steps

Hopping- Springing into the air from one foot and landing on the same foot
Jumping- Movement without a point of support or Spring into the air of both feet and land on both feet
Leaping-A transfer of weight from one foot to the other. Push off with a spring and land on the ball of the other foot, letting the heel
come down Bend knee to absorb the shock
Pivoting-A traveling turn executed with thighs locked and feet apart in extended fifth position
Shuffling-A triple step similar to a Polka step with no lilt for example step forward left and bring the right foot up you the heel of the left
foot.
 Brushing-To brush, sweep or scuff the foot against the floor
 Kumintang, a simple, classic gesture of rotating the hand and wrist and movement of arms which was believed to have been inspired
by arnis.
 Sarok or salok is an elaborate bow which must have been inspired by the woman activity of fetching water from a well. The western
influence brought the sway balance, waltz and tap dance steps.
 Sway-A tilt of the chest to the side, without lowering the torso stretching from the side upwards
 Waltz steps=A ballroom dance in 3/4 time which first developed in Vienna as a fast paced dance to the Strauss music of the time, and
eventually evolved into the slower version we now know as Waltz (or Slow Waltz).   

WEEK 4

Module 4: Traditional Folk Dance of the Philippines

 
The Philippines has many popular folk dance which have evolved and changed as they have been Handle down from generation to
generation. Although a particular dance might be performed slightly differently from one region to the other it remains true to its roots.
Here are some of the most popular dance from the region.
 
The Itik-Itik
 
           The best description of Itik-Itik is that the steps mimic the way a duck walks, as well as the way it splashes water on its back to
attract a mate. According to popular tradition, the dance was created by a lady named Kanang who choreographed the steps while
dancing at a baptismal party. The other guests copied her movements, and everyone liked the dance so much that it has been passed
along ever since.
 
The Tinikling
 
             The Tinikling is considered by many to be the Philippines’ national dance. The dance movements imitate the movement of the
tikling bird as it walks around through tall grass and between tree branches. People perform the dance using bamboo poles. The dance
is composed of three basic steps which include singles, doubles and hops. It looks similar to playing jump rope, except that the dancers
perform the steps around and between the bamboo poles, and the dance becomes faster until someone makes a mistake and the next
set of dancers takes a turn.
 
The Sayaw sa Bangko
 
               The Sayaw sa Bangko is performed on top of a narrow bench. Dancers need good balance as they go through a series of
movements that include some impressive acrobatics. This dance traces its roots back to the areas of Pangapisan, Lingayen and
Pangasinan.
 
The Binasuan
 
              The Binasuan is an entertaining dance that is usually performed at festive social occasions like weddings and birthdays.
Dancers carefully balance three half-filled glasses of rice wine on their heads and hands as they gracefully spin and roll on the ground.
The dance originated in Bayambang in the Pangasinan province, and though it’s usually performed alone, it can also become a
competition between several dancers.
 
The Pandanggo Oasiwas
 
             The Pandanggo Oasiwas is similar to the Pandanggo sa Ilaw, and is typically performed by fishermen to celebrate a good
catch. In this version, the lamps are placed in cloths or nets and swung around as the dancers circle and sway.
 
The Maglalatik
 
             The Maglalatik is a mock war dance that depicts a fight over coconut meat, a highly-prized food. The dance is broken into four
parts: two devoted to the battle and two devoted to reconciling. The men of the dance wear coconut shells as part of their costumes,
and they slap them in rhythm with the music. The Maglalatik is danced in the religious procession during the fiesta of Biñan as an
offering to San Isidro de Labrador, the patron saint of farmers.
 
The Kappa Malong-Malong
 
            The Kappa Malong-Malong is a Muslim-influenced dance. The malong is a tubular garment, and the dance essentially shows
the many ways it can be worn. There are men’s and women’s versions of the dance since they wear malongs in different ways.
The Cariñosa
 
                     The Cariñosa is a dance made for flirting! Dancers make a number of flirtatious movements as they hide behind fans or
handkerchiefs and peek out at one another. The essence of the dance is the courtship between two sweethearts.
 
The Pantomina
 
Pantomina Also known as the Dance of the Doves, the Pantomina mimics the courtship between doves and is often also a courtship
dance between the couples that perform it. This dance is an important part of the Sorsogon Kasanggayahan Festival held each
October, where it is mainly performed by the elders of the community.
The Kuratsa
 
The Kuratsa is described as a dance of courtship and is often performed at weddings and other social occasions. The dance has three
parts. The couple first performs a waltz. In the second part, the music sets a faster pace as the man pursues the woman around the
dance floor in a chase. To finish, the music becomes even faster as the man wins over the woman with his mating dance.
La Jota Moncadeña
 
The La Jota Moncadeña is adapted by the Filipinos from an old Spanish dance. It's a combination of Spanish and Ilocano dance steps
set to Spanish music and castanets. A more solemn version of this dance is sometimes used to accompany a funeral procession, but it
is also performed at celebrations. 
The Habanera Botolena
 
The Habanera Botolena is a strongly flamenco-influenced dance that comes from Botolan, Zambales. It combines Filipino and Spanish
steps, and is a popular dance at weddings. It is also considered a courting dance in some situations.
The Surtido
 
Surtido literally means "assortment," and this square dance combines influences of French, Spanish and Mexican dance. Traditionally
the Surtido is performed by a head couple accompanied by two other couples who lead all the dancers through various formations that
resemble an old-fashioned quadrille.
The Polkabal
 
The Polkabal shows some European influence in its steps. The dance is composed of nine different steps which include various
movements such as fluttering, stepping heel-to-toe, a reenactment of a bull fight, and even a leisurely walk.
The Magkasuyo
 
The Magkasuyo is a variation of the balse - the one-two-three graceful triple meter that Filipino traditional dance borrowed from the
Spanish waltz. It is a formal series of close-step-close movements with a couple facing each other in a courtship
configuration. Balse incorporates German and Spanish influence, but the Magkasuyo is the specific invention of Quezon province, a
large farming and fishing region southeast of Manila with a rich tradition of outside influences, including Spanish, Malay, and Muslim. A
popular song Magkasuyo Buong Gabi (Lovers for the Night) expands on the romantic nature of the dance.
WEEK 5

Module 5: Classification of Folk Dance According to Nature

 
Binatbatan Dance
 
The Binatbatan dance is an occupational dance from Paoay, Ilocos Norte. It depicts the beating of cotton pods to separate the seeds
drom the fibers. Weavers in Paoay often engage themselves in abelmaking contests. Dancers maneuver in and out of parallel batbat
sticks, each about 18 inches long. Th rhythm and speed of the beating of the sticks make for a lively and colorful display.
 
Mag-Asik
 
This is a Tiruray dance for Girls, performed in Nuro, Cotabato. According to the natives the word “mag-asik” means “to sow seeds”. The
dancers go around the cloth with small, heavy steps but with graceful hand and arm movements. The dance consists of two parts,
which the natives call “komaligue” and “mag-asik”.
 Dugso
Dugso is a dance which originated from Bukidnon in Northeast Mindanao. Dancers perform this as an entertainment for the dieties, to
make them feel more comfortable during the fiesta that wwas organized for them. It was originally thought that this dance was
performed only during harvest time or upon the birth of a male heir. Women would wear colorful feathered head dresses, plaid
costumes, and anklets.
 
 Kinoton
 
Is a comic dance from Ilocos Sur. It depicts the movement of a person bitten by ants.
 
Makonggo
 
A comic dance which originated in Sta. Maria, Bulacan. A solo performer imitates the movement’s
characteristic of a monkey, its gestures and grimaces.
 
Lubi-lubi
 
Lubi-Lubi is a bicolano dance which is a combination of a simple folk and social steps. Literally, lubi means coconut. According to the
Ikolanos this dance originated in Leyte and Samar where it is still danced like the Balitaw. It is also popular in Albay and Sorsogon.
 
 Pagkawin
 
The wedding ceremony is called Pagkawin. The festivity opens with the Pahanda or presentation of dowry. Relatives of the groom
present to the relatives of the bride traditional dowries that usually include that Salap-pa, A bras box containing money, jewelry, other
valuables, and all-important betel nut.
 
Sua-Sua
 
This is a dance from Jolo, Sulu. Literally, “Sua-sua” means “small orange plant”. According to the Moros of the older generation, the
movements in this dance have been modified and modernized. Dancers sing as they perform the dance. The natives often repeat the
dance as many times as they like or until they are made to stop.
 
 Pandanggo
 
Pandangggo sa Ilaw or “Fandango” is a very popular folk dance in the Philippines. It is said to have originated from Mindoro, this dance
of lights simulates fireflies at dusk and at night. The phrase “sa ilaw” is Tagalog for “in light” and it refers to the three oil lamps that
dancer has to balance. The oil lamp is called tinghoy.
Sagayan
 
A Philippine war dance performed by both the Maguindanao and Maranao depicting in dramatic fashion the steps their hero, Prince
Bantugan, took upon wearing his armaments, the war he fought in, and his subsequent victory afterwards.