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SBA #16 - The Conditions Necessary For Rusting To Occur

This document outlines an experiment to determine the conditions necessary for rusting to occur. Four iron nails will be placed in separate boiling tubes with varying conditions - air only, air and water, water only, and a control with no exposure. It is hypothesized that rust will only form in the tube containing both air and water. Over 72 hours, observations will be recorded to determine which conditions allow rusting. The expected results are that rust will form fastest where both oxygen and water are present, and no rust will form in the control tube lacking both conditions.

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856 views5 pages

SBA #16 - The Conditions Necessary For Rusting To Occur

This document outlines an experiment to determine the conditions necessary for rusting to occur. Four iron nails will be placed in separate boiling tubes with varying conditions - air only, air and water, water only, and a control with no exposure. It is hypothesized that rust will only form in the tube containing both air and water. Over 72 hours, observations will be recorded to determine which conditions allow rusting. The expected results are that rust will form fastest where both oxygen and water are present, and no rust will form in the control tube lacking both conditions.

Uploaded by

lucy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SBA # YY MM DD

16 2022 12 13

Title: The conditions necessary for rusting to occur

Date: December 13, 2022

Observation or Problem Statement Rusting is an iron oxide, formed by the


reaction of iron and oxygen in the presence of water or air moisture. What
conditions are necessary for rusting to occur?

Hypothesis: If both air (oxygen) and moisture (water) are present, then the
formation of rust on the nails will occur.

Aim: To determine the conditions necessary for rusting to occur.

Materials/Apparatus:

● 4 boiling tubes ● beaker


● 4 iron nails ● measuring cylinder
● distilled water ● 2 rubber bungs
● cooking oil ● cotton wool
● bunsen burner ● anhydrous calcium chloride
● tripod (CaCl2)
● gauze ● gloves
● test tube rack

FOR TEACHERS ONLY


SKILLS ASSESSED M/M ORR A/I P/D D CL/F
MARK OBTAINED
SBA # YY MM DD
16 2022 12 13

Method/Procedure:

1. Label 4 boiling tubes; A, B, C, D.


2. Place an iron nail in each boiling tube.
3. Place a rubber bung on tube A.
4. Pour 10 cm3 distilled water into tube B.
5. Place 5 cm3 calcium chloride into tube C.
6. Place a piece of cotton wool in tube C.
7. Place a rubber bung on tube C.
8. Pour 10 cm3 water in a beaker.
9. Boil the water in the beaker using a Bunsen burner.
10. Pour the boiled water into tube D.
11. Cover the water in tube D with a layer of oil.
12. Leave the tubes for a period of 24-72 hours.
13. Record the observations after 24 hours.
14. Record the observations after 48 hours.
15. Record the observations after 72 hours.

FOR TEACHERS ONLY


SKILLS ASSESSED M/M ORR A/I P/D D CL/F
MARK OBTAINED
SBA # YY MM DD
16 2022 12 13

Variables:

Controlled:

● Number of nails
● Size of nails

Manipulated:

● Water
● Oxygen

Responding:

● Formation of rust

Expected results:

A B C D
(Control) (Air & Water) (Air) (Water)

24 hours

48 hours

72 hours

Rust is an iron oxide, a usually reddish-brown oxide formed by the reaction of iron
and oxygen in the presence of water or air moisture. Rusting is an oxidation
reaction. The word equation for rusting is: iron + water + oxygen → hydrated
iron(III) oxide. After the experiment is conducted, the expected result for tube A,
the tube with no exposure to water or air, could be no formation of rust due to

FOR TEACHERS ONLY


SKILLS ASSESSED M/M ORR A/I P/D D CL/F
MARK OBTAINED
SBA # YY MM DD
16 2022 12 13

neither conditions for rusting to occur being present. Secondly, the expected result
for tube B, the tube containing both air and water, could most likely be the
formation of rust due to both oxygen and water being present. In tube C, only air is
present due to the anhydrous calcium chloride being used as a drying agent,
absorbing all the water vapor present, therefore, the expected result for tube C, is
that there will be no formation of rust. Lastly, the expected result for tube D,
containing boiled water and a layer of oil, could be no formation of rust because
the oil acts as a barrier and does not allow air to pass through it, therefore only
water is present. Another possible result for tube D could be the formation of rust
due to oxygen redissolving into the water as it cools down because the solubility
of oxygen in water increases as the temperature decreases. Rusting will occur the
fastest in tube B, as both conditions necessary for rusting are present whilst rusting
will occur the slowest in tube A as both conditions necessary are not present.

Precautions:

● Handle glassware with care.


● Carefully monitor the flame of the Bunsen burner
● Be careful when working with apparatus that may be hot

Limitations:

● Air contains a very small percentage of water vapor, which can cause
rusting to occur due to the presence of oxygen and water vapor.

FOR TEACHERS ONLY


SKILLS ASSESSED M/M ORR A/I P/D D CL/F
MARK OBTAINED
SBA # YY MM DD
16 2022 12 13

Possible Sources of Error:

● If the 4 iron nails used are previously rusted, this can cause results to be
inaccurate.
● In tube D, while the boiling water is cooling, oxygen may redissolve in the
water, therefore the tube may contain both conditions necessary for rusting.

Assumptions:

● The formation of rust will only occur in tube B because both oxygen and
water are present.

FOR TEACHERS ONLY


SKILLS ASSESSED M/M ORR A/I P/D D CL/F
MARK OBTAINED

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