Scribd
Upload
215 views19 pages

Reflector Antenna

This document discusses different types of reflector antennas used in radio astronomy, microwave communications, and satellite tracking. It describes plane reflectors, corner reflectors, and curved/parabolic reflectors. Parabolic reflectors provide the highest gain of over 30 dB due to their design focusing all radiated waves constructively through reflection. Key factors that influence reflector antennas include the size and shape of the reflector, feed positioning, and feed mechanisms such as dipoles, secondary reflectors, and directional antennas.

Uploaded by

Prisha Singhania
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
215 views19 pages

Reflector Antenna

This document discusses different types of reflector antennas used in radio astronomy, microwave communications, and satellite tracking. It describes plane reflectors, corner reflectors, and curved/parabolic reflectors. Parabolic reflectors provide the highest gain of over 30 dB due to their design focusing all radiated waves constructively through reflection. Key factors that influence reflector antennas include the size and shape of the reflector, feed positioning, and feed mechanisms such as dipoles, secondary reflectors, and directional antennas.

Uploaded by

Prisha Singhania
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

REFLECTOR ANTENNAS

REFLECTOR ANTENNA
Radio astronomy, microwave communications and satellite tracking

The polarization of the radiating source and its position relative to the reflecting surface
can be used to control the radiating properties (pattern, impedance, directivity) of the
overall system.
Types of reflectors
• Plane Reflector
• Corner Reflector
• Curved Reflector
Plane Reflector Easy to analyze using method of images
Plane Reflector:
 Heavy weight of plane large metal sheet due to which wind opposition increases

 Grid pattern can be used

 Metal sheets with reduced size can be utilized or in the form of rods

 But image theory application for analysis cannot be used but diffraction theory can be used

 Highly sensitive to frequency changes where large sheet is insensitive

 The polarization of the radiating source and its position relative to the reflecting surface can
be used to control the radiating properties (pattern, impedance, directivity) of the overall
system.
Image Theory

Array of 2 antennas and the total field depends on distance between them in terms of wave length
Corner Reflector: Consists of two flat sheets intersecting at an angle less than 180 deg.
If angle = 180 it is a plane reflector

Active g<λ /10 then as good as solid reflector


Passive : Reflects in the same direction as that of source due to 90 degrees
 To maintain a given system efficiency, the spacing
between the vertex and the feed element must increase
as the included angle of the reflector decreases, and
vice versa.
 The feed element for a corner reflector is almost always
a dipole or an array of collinear dipoles placed parallel
to the vertex a distance s away, as shown in a
perspective view
 (λ < Da < 2λ) Aperture
 The length of the sides of a 900 corner reflector is most
commonly taken to be l ≃ 2s.

 For reflectors with smaller included angles, the sides are


made larger.

 The height (h) of the reflector is  The feed-to-vertex distance (s) is usually λ∕3 < s < 2λ∕3.
usually taken to be about 1.2 to 1.5
times greater than the total length of  For each reflector, there is an optimum feed-to-vertex
the feed element, in order to reduce spacing.
radiation toward the back region
from the ends.  If the spacing becomes too small, the radiation resistance
decreases and becomes comparable to the loss resistance
of the system which leads to an inefficient antenna.
Image Theory
Parabolic Reflector : gain greater than 30 dB

Locus of a point which moves such that Fa + Aa = Fb + Bb = Fc + Cc

O’F = focul-length
OO’= axis
D= mouth dia= aperture
O’F/D= f over D ratio

If source is placed at F all waves will reach directrix simultaneously


As phase difference amongst different reflected waves is zero- strong radiation
In receiving mode
For parabolic reflector
140 λ
FNBW = , where D= diameter of mouth opening
D

58 λ
HPBW =
D

D 2
Directivity = 9.87 dimensionless
λ

D 2
Gp= 6 - power gain
λ
Feed Mechanisms

1. Dipole as feed 2. Using secondary reflector 3. Using directional antenna

primary

secondary
Cassegrain feeding- Offset feeding

paraboloid Collimated rays

focus
hyperboloid
horn Obstructed ray

The beam of radio waves from the feed illuminates the secondary reflector, which reflects it back to the main
reflector dish, which reflects it forward again to form the desired beam. The Cassegrain design is widely used in
parabolic antennas, particularly in large antennas such as those in satellite ground stations, radio telescopes,
and communication satellites.
a) Widely used in telescope design and mono-pulse tracking

b) Permits reduction in axial dimensions of antenna

c) Permits greater flexibility in design of feed system and eliminates the need for long transmission lines

d) Larger the sub-reflector, nearer it will be to the main reflector and shorter will be the axial dimension of
antenna assembly

e) Larger the sub-reflector–larger the aperture blocking. Also, smaller the sub-reflector, lesser is the aperture
blocking. But since it has to be farther from the main reflector, a compromise in size and distance of a sub-
reflector is to be made

f) Losses in the transmission line can degrade the receiver sensitivity

g) To reduce aperture blocking, the sub reflector can be made of horizontal grating of wires. Such a sub-reflector
is called a trans-reflector
• References
• C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design (3rd eds.), John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ,
2005.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy