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Arreola Trilz Aris Modern Architecture

This document provides an overview of modern architecture. It discusses how modern architecture emerged in the early 1900s as a reaction to advances in construction technology. Key characteristics of modern architecture include an emphasis on clean lines, minimal ornamentation, and rational use of materials like glass, steel, and concrete. The document highlights several influential modern architects like Frank Lloyd Wright, Le Corbusier, and Frank Gehry and some of their most notable works that helped define modern architecture styles and philosophies.

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TRILZ ARIS MILO ARREOLA
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58 views8 pages

Arreola Trilz Aris Modern Architecture

This document provides an overview of modern architecture. It discusses how modern architecture emerged in the early 1900s as a reaction to advances in construction technology. Key characteristics of modern architecture include an emphasis on clean lines, minimal ornamentation, and rational use of materials like glass, steel, and concrete. The document highlights several influential modern architects like Frank Lloyd Wright, Le Corbusier, and Frank Gehry and some of their most notable works that helped define modern architecture styles and philosophies.

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TRILZ ARIS MILO ARREOLA
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Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY


Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija,
Philippines
ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED

ARREOLA, TRILZ ARIS MILO D. |1-D

COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
NEUST – SUMACAB

SECTION: 1-D

SUBJECT: THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE 2

ACTIVITY NO: Research Work no. 1

TITLE: Modern Architecture

DUE: FEBRUARY 10, 2023

Web Source/s:
https://www.getty.edu/news/what-is-
modern-architecture-anyway
https://decombo.com/modern-
architecture-history-buildings/
https://indonesiadesign.com/story/modern-
architecture
https://www.architecture.com/explore-
architecture/modernism

STUDENT: Trilz Aris Milo D. Arreola

INSTRUCTOR: AR. April Rose Gan


INTRODUCTION

Modern design ideas are used in the development of schools,


residences, and even bridges and highways today to better connect society. In
this modern world, most of us prefer minimalistic and simple designs that match
our tastes, especially in our homes, where we tend to look at the design and
foundation of the structure. What comes to mind when we hear the phrase
"modern architecture"? Well, obviously, modern architecture created and
constructed in accordance with the social, aesthetic, and cultural mind-set
referred to as modernism is referred to as "modern architecture." It placed a
focus on experimenting, rejecting established "rules," and promoting freedom of
expression in music, art, literature, and architecture. Modern architecture usually
involves sharp, clean lines. The development of modern architecture
revolutionized our cities and workplaces, and its design principles not only
reflected progress in science, health, and social equality but were also intended
to help these ideals thrive.

HISTORY

Modern architecture, or modernist architecture, otherwise known as


modernism, is a style dating back to the 1900s. It was a reaction to the large-
scale advancement of construction technology. The main idea is to emphasize
function and forego ornament and decoration with rational use of materials,
particularly glass, steel, and reinforced concrete. A style that embraces
minimalism, modern architecture has left a significant mark in the architectural
scene. Around the end of the 19th century, few architects began to challenge
the more traditional styles of Beaux-Art and Neo-classicism that were dominating
Europe and the USA. One of those was the legendary American architect,
namely Frank Lloyd Wright. He resolutely refused to be associated with any
specific architectural movement, so he invented his own unique style. Having no
formal academic background in architecture, he started working in the Chicago
office of his mentor Louis Sullivan, who was considered “father of modernism”
and “father of skyscrapers” as he was the first to popularize the “form follows
function” tenet in 1896 as well as the first to construct steel frame high-rise
buildings in Chicago. Both, along with Henry Hobson Richardson—prominently
known for his revival style, “Richardsonian Romanesque”—were later deemed as
“the recognized trinity of American architecture” Wright, who was previously
famous for his Prairie houses, set out to break free from all traditional precepts
including his earlier signature style, so he worked on houses adorned with
textured blocks of cement, which later named “Mayan style” after the ancient
civilization’s pyramids architecture. For this reason, he was recognized as the
prominent figure of , because even though steel-framed skyscrapers had begun
to appear in the USA since the end of 19th century, these building façades were
still highly decorated in Neo-Gothic, Neo-Renaissance, and Beaux-Art
architecture style. For some time until 1922, he experimented with mass-
produced modular housing. He then identified this architecture as “Usonian”,
which is an amalgamation of “USA”, “utopian”, and “organic social order”.

In 1929, the Great Depression era started to occur, gravely affecting


Wright’s business. Fewer wealthy clients wanted to experiment with his Usonian
style. From 1928 until 1935, he built just two buildings: a hotel near Chandler,
Arizona, and perhaps his best all-time work, Falling water, a weekend home in
Pennsylvania that he designed for couple Liliane and Edgar J. Kaufman. It is an
awe-inspiring structure incorporating concrete slabs suspended over a scenic
waterfall; a picturesque fusion between nature and architecture. While Falling
water is one of the most notable modern architecture by American architect,
the first modern style house in the USA would be the Schindler house of Austrian
architect Rudolph Schindler, which he built in 1922. He also contributed to
American modernism with his work, Lovell Beach House, in Newport Beach.
Another Austrian architect Richard Neutra, who moved to the USA in 1923,
designed Lovell Health House in LA for the same client, becoming a significant
force in American modernist architecture.

Architecture Characteristics

The style became characterised by an emphasis on volume,


asymmetrical compositions, and minimal ornamentation. In Britain, the term
Modern Movement has been used to describe the rigorous modernist designs of
the 1930s to the early 1960s. Here are some key characteristics to keep in mind
when identifying modern architecture:

 Rectangular forms
 Lack of adornment
 Low, horizontal composition
 Elements of asymmetry
 Open floor plans
 Large glass windows
 Whitewashed exteriors
 Natural materials like wood
 Emphasis on nature

5 Building Examples

1.) Sydney opera house designed by Jørn utzon peter hall

2.) The falling water designed by Frank Lloyd wright


3.) The Matrimandir (Sanskrit for Temple of The Mother) designed by Roger Anger

4.) Lever house Gordon designed by Bunshaft , Natalie de Blois

5.) Glass house by Philip Johnson


Architects and the buildings where the style was applied

1.) Frank Lloyd Wright, The falling water

Falling water is a house built over a waterfall in southwest Pennsylvania,


designed by the architect Frank Lloyd Wright. Constructed between 1936 and
1939, it was intended by Wright to redefine the relationship between man,
architecture and nature.

2.) Le Corbusier, Notre dam de haut

The structure is made mostly of concrete and is comparatively small, enclosed


by thick walls, with the upturned roof supported on columns embedded within
the walls, like a sail billowing in the windy currents on the hill top. The Christian
Church sees itself as the ship of God, bringing safety and salvation to followers
3.) Frank Gehry, Walt Disney concert hall

It consists of multiple materials, including 165,000 square feet of stainless


steel metal panel system, metal studs and exterior plaster, glazed curtain wall,
and pre-cast concrete

4.) Ludwig Mies Van Der Rohe, The pavilion

Built from glass, a steel and different kind of marble, the Pavilion was
conceived to accommodate the official reception presided over by Kings of
Spain Alfonso XIII and Victoria Eugenia along with the German authorities.

PHILOSOPHIES/DICTUMS

Frank Gehry – “Architecture should speak of its time and place but yearn for
timelessness. “

Marcel Breuer – “Modern architecture is not a style it`s an attitude.”

Le Corbusier – “To create architecture is to put in order. Put what in order?


Function and objects.”

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