DRUG MECHANISM OF INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING

ACTION S RESPONSIBILITY
PRECAUTION
Phenylephrine is an Phenylephrine ● fast ,pounding ● Monitor signs of
Generic Name: agonist of injections are indicated ● Hypersensitivity or irregular peripheral
Phenylephrine α1-adrenoceptors. Nasal to treat hypotension to bisulfites, heartbeat vasoconstriction,
decongestant action is caused by shock or phenylephrine and ● severe such as extreme
mediated by activation of anesthesia,an their components. dizziness/nervo coldness in the
Brand name: NeoSynephrine α1-adrenoceptors in the ophthalmic formulation usness hands and feet,
Nasal and Neo-Synephrine arterioles of the nasal is indicated to dilate Use Cautiously in: ● allergic reaction cyanosis, and
Cold & Sinus Mild Strength mucosa. This causes pupils7 and induce ● hives muscle cramping.
Spray. vasoconstriction, which vasoconstriction, an HF, Hypertension, ● flushing ( Notify physicians
leads to decreased intranasal formulation coronary artery redness, of severe or
Classification: edema and increased is used to treat disease,ventricular warmth or tingly prolonged signs
Decongestants, Vassopre drainage of the sinus congestion, and a tachycardia, or feeling) of
ssors cavities. topical formulation is peripheral arterial vasoconstriction.
used to treat disease. ● Assess symptoms
Route: Oral hemorrhoids.Off-label of respiratory
uses include situations Patient should not use distress including
that require local blood phenylephrine within dyspnea,
flow restriction such as 14 days of using MAO shortness of
the treatment of inhibitors breath, and
priapism. cyanosis.
Generic Name: Clonidine Clonidine has an Catapres tablets are Clonidine is ● Monitor blood
alpha-antagonist effect indicated in the contraindicated in ● dizziness pressure and
Brand Name: Catapres in the posterior treatment of patients with a ● lightheadednes pulse rate
hypothalamus and hypertension. Catapres hypersensitivity to s frequently.
Classification: medulla. The final tablets may be clonidine. Generalized ● drowsiness ● Dosage is usually
Antihypertensive response is reduced employed alone or rash, urticaria, and ● constipation adjusted to the
sympathetic outflow from concomitantly with angioedema have patient’s blood
Route: Oral Suspension the central nervous other antihypertensive occurred with clonidine Tell your doctor right pressure and can
system (CNS), which agents use aways, if you have cause
clinically causes a serious side effects hypotension,
decrease in arterial Pregnancy and including: bradycardia, and
blood pressure Lactation sedation..
● fainting
● slow/irregular
heartbeat
● mental/mood
changes (such
as irritability or
depression)

Generic Name: Salbutamol Stimulated B2 ● Tachycardia ● Assess vital signs

adrenergic receptors ● Asthma Contraindication in ● Nausea and before drug
Brand Name: Ventolin which are predominant ● Chronic patients with high throat irritation administering
receptors in bronchial Bronchitis blood pressure during ● Dizziness ● instruct patient to
Classification: smooth muscle of the ● Any lung pregnancy, uterine ● Tremor contact health
Bronchodilators lungs. disease infection, ● Headaches care professional
● Bronchospasm miscarriage,heart ● Vomiting immediately if
Route: Oral ● Emphysema disease and ● Lower shortness of
hypersensitivy peripheral breath is not
vascular relieved by
resistance medication or is
 ● Increase blood accompanied by
pressure diaphoresis,
● Tends to dizziness,
increase blood palpitation and
glucose level chest pain

Generic Name: Stimulates alpha – Produces Vascular, mesenteric or 1. Monitor constantly

Norepinephrine adrenergic receptors vasoconstriction and peripheral thrombosis , ● Anxiety while the patient
located mainly in blood myocardial simulation Hypoxia, hypercarbia, ● Dizziness receives
Brand Name: Levophed vessels, causing which may be required hypertension, ● Headache norepinephrine.
constriction of both after adequate fluid Secondary to ● Insomnia Take baseline bp
Classification: Vasopressor capacitance and replacement in the hypokalemia ( without ● Restlessness before start the
resistance vessels treatment of severe appropriate ● Weakness therapy , then q2
Route: IV Infusion •Also has minor beta – hypotension and shock replacement) ● Tremor mins from
adrenergic activity ● Dyspnea initiation of drug
(myocardial simulation) ● Arrhythmias until stabilization
•Therapeutic effects Hypersensitivity to ● Bradycardia occur at desired
increased BP and bisulfites ● Chest pain level, then q5
cardiac output ● Hypertension mins during drug
● Decreased administration
urine output 2. Adjust flow rate to
● Renal failure maintain bp at low
● Hyperglycemia normal ( usually
● Metabolic 80-100 mm Hg
acidosis systolic)
● Phlebitis at IV 3. Observe mentally
sites and record all the
● Fever data
4. Be alert to
patients
complaints of
headache,
vomiting,
 palpitation,
arrhythmias,
chest pain,
photophobia, and
blurred vision as
possible
symptoms of
overdosage.
Reflex
bradycardia may
occur as a result
of rise in BP
5. Continue to
monitor vital signs
and observes
patients closely
after cessations of
therapy for clinical
signs of
circulatory
inadequacy
6. Monitor ECG
during
administration
continuously
7. Assess for
paresthesia and
coldness of
extremities,
peripheral blood
flow may
decrease
Generic Name: Epinephrine Through its action on Emergency treatment ● Contraindicated ● breathing 1. Rotate injection
alpha-1 receptors, of allergic reaction with allergy or problem sites to prevent
Brand Name:Adrenaline ‘ epinephrine induces including anaphylaxis hypersensitivity ● fast or pounding necrosis; monitor
increased vascular (insect stings or bites, to epinephrine heartbeats sites frequently
Classification: Alpha/ Beta smooth muscle foods, drug, sera or components ● pale skin 2. use extreme
Agonist contraction, pupillary diagnosting testing of preparation. ● sweating caution when
dilator muscle substance and other ● Narrow-angle ● nausea calculating and
Route: IV Infusion contraction, and allergens) glaucoma ● vomiting preparing dose;
intestinal sphincter ● Shock other ● dizziness epinephrine is
muscle contraction. Hypotension than ● weakness of very potent drug
associated with septic anaphylactic tremor 3. Shake the
shock shock ● throbbing suspension for
● Hypokalemia headache injection before
( Adrenalin is indicated ● General ● feeling nervous withdrawing the
to increase mean anesthesia with ● anxious dose
arterial blood pressure halogenated ● fearful
in adult patients with hydrocarbons
hypotension associated ● Brain damage
with septic shock.) ● Cerebral
Arteriosclerosis
● Cardiac dilation
and coronary