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Factors and Polynomials

The polynomial p(x) = ax3 + bx2 - 3x - 4 has a factor of 2x - 1 and leaves a remainder of -10 when divided by x + 2. This implies that a = 10 and b can be found. Given that p(x) can be written as (2x - 1)(rx2 + sx + t), the values of r, s, and t can be determined. The exact solutions of p(x) = 0 are then found.

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380 views14 pages

Factors and Polynomials

The polynomial p(x) = ax3 + bx2 - 3x - 4 has a factor of 2x - 1 and leaves a remainder of -10 when divided by x + 2. This implies that a = 10 and b can be found. Given that p(x) can be written as (2x - 1)(rx2 + sx + t), the values of r, s, and t can be determined. The exact solutions of p(x) = 0 are then found.

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Brio
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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9

7  The polynomial p (x) = ax 3 + bx 2 - 3x - 4 has a factor of 2x - 1 and leaves a remainder


of - 10 when divided by x + 2 .

  (i)  Show that a = 10 and find the value of b. [4]

  (ii)  Given that p (x) = (2x - 1) (rx 2 + sx + t) , find the value of each of the integers r, s and t. [2]

  (iii)  Hence find the exact solutions of p (x) = 0 . [3]

© UCLES 2015 0606/12/F/M/15 [Turn over


9

7  The polynomial f ^xh = ax 3 + 7x 2 - 9x + b is divisible by 2x - 1. The remainder when f ^xh is


divided by x - 2 is 5 times the remainder when f ^xh is divided by x + 1.

  (i)  Show that a = 6 and find the value of b. [4]

  (ii)  Using the values from part (i), show that f ^xh = ^2x - 1h^cx 2 + dx + eh, where c, d and e are
integers to be found. [2]

  (iii)  Hence factorise f ^xh completely. [2]

© UCLES 2016 0606/12/F/M/16 [Turn over


4

3 The polynomial p (x) is x 4 - 2x 3 - 3x 2 + 8x - 4 .

(i) Show that p (x) can be written as (x - 1) (x 3 - x 2 - 4x + 4) . [1]

(ii) Hence write p (x) as a product of its linear factors, showing all your working. [4]

© UCLES 2017 0606/22/F/M/17


3

1 The remainder obtained when the polynomial p (x) = x 3 + ax 2 - 3x + b is divided by x + 3 is


twice the remainder obtained when p (x) is divided by x - 2 . Given also that p (x) is divisible by
x + 1, find the value of a and of b. [5]

© UCLES 2018 0606/12/F/M/18 [Turn over


6

4 The polynomial p (x) = 2x 3 + ax 2 + bx - 49 , where a and b are constants. When pl (x) is divided by
x + 3 there is a remainder of -24 .

(i) Show that 6a - b = 78 . [2]

It is given that 2x - 1 is a factor of p (x).

(ii) Find the value of a and of b. [4]

(iii) Write p (x) in the form (2x - 1) Q (x) , where Q (x) is a quadratic factor. [2]

(iv) Hence factorise p (x) completely. [1]

© UCLES 2019 0606/12/F/M/19


9

7 p (x) = ax 3 + 3x 2 + bx - 12 has a factor of 2x + 1. When p (x) is divided by x - 3 the remainder


is 105.

(a) Find the value of a and of b. [5]

(b) Using your values of a and b, write p (x) as a product of 2x + 1 and a quadratic factor. [2]

(c) Hence solve p (x) = 0 . [2]

© UCLES 2020 0606/12/F/M/20 [Turn over


3

1  Itisgiventhat f (x) = 4x 3 - 4x 2 - 15x + 18 .

  (i)  Showthat x + 2 isafactorof f (x) . [1]

  (ii)  Hencefactorise f (x) completelyandsolvetheequation f (x) = 0 . [4]

©UCLES2015 0606/22/O/N/15 [Turn over


7

5  The roots of the equation x 3 + ax 2 + bx + c = 0 are 1, 3 and 3. Show that c = –9 and find the
value of a and of b. [4]

© UCLES 2015 0606/23/O/N/15 [Turn over


5

4 The cubic given by p (x) = x 3 + ax 2 + bx - 24 is divisible by x - 2 . When p (x) is divided by x - 1


the remainder is - 20 .

(i) Form a pair of equations in a and b and solve them to find the value of a and of b. [4]

(ii) Factorise p (x) completely and hence solve p (x) = 0 . [4]

© UCLES 2016 0606/23/O/N/16 [Turn over


9

7 A polynomial p ^xh is ax 3 + 8x 2 + bx + 5, where a and b are integers. It is given that 2x - 1 is a


factor of p ^xh and that a remainder of –25 is obtained when p ^xh is divided by x + 2.

(i) Find the value of a and of b. [5]

(ii) Using your values of a and b, find the exact solutions of p ^xh = 5. [2]

© UCLES 2017 0606/12/O/N/17 [Turn over


4

2 p (x) = 2x 3 + 5x 2 + 4x + a

q (x) = 4x 2 + 3ax + b

Given that p(x) has a remainder of 2 when divided by 2x + 1 and that q(x) is divisible by x + 2 ,

(i) find the value of each of the constants a and b. [3]

Given that r (x) = p (x) - q (x) and using your values of a and b,

(ii) find the exact remainder when r(x) is divided by 3x - 2 . [3]

© UCLES 2018 0606/11/O/N/18


10

7 (a) The cubic equation x 3 + ax 2 + bx - 40 = 0 has three positive integer roots. Two of the roots are 2
and 4. Find the other root and the value of each of the integers a and b. [4]

(b) Do not use a calculator in this question.

Solve the equation x 3 - 5x 2 - 46x - 40 = 0 given that it has three integer roots, only one of which is
positive. [4]

© UCLES 2019 0606/22/O/N/19


8

7 (a) (i) Use the factor theorem to show that 2x - 1 is a factor of p (x) , where p (x) = 4x 3 + 9x - 5 .
[1]

(ii) Write p (x) as a product of linear and quadratic factors. [2]

© UCLES 2019 0606/21/O/N/19


10

8 The roots of the equation x 3 + ax 2 + bx + 24 = 0 are 2, 3 and p, where p is an integer.

(i) Find the value of p. [1]

(ii) Show that a =-1 and find the value of b. [4]

© UCLES 2019 0606/23/O/N/19

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