PART - Ⅰ : RATIO & PROPORTION

(MOST IMPORTANT FUNCTIONS OF RATIO AND PROPORTION)

CONCEPT CLEARING EXERCISE

1. If A : B = 7 : 9 and B : C = 5 : 4, then A : B : C is -

2. If A : B = 2 : 3, B : C = 2 : 4 and C : D = 2 : 5, then A : D is -

3. 4a : 5 = 8 : 1, then a =?

a b c
4. = = ; a : b : c =?
7 5 4
[

1 1 1
5. a = , b = , c = ; a : b : c =?
7 5 4

6. (Ⅰ) 6a = 15b ; a : b = ?
(Ⅱ) 3a = 5b = 6c = 2d ; a : b : c : d =?

7. The ratio of two numbers is 3 : 4 and their sum is 420. The greater of the two numbers is -
(Premier Bank Ltd. - TJO : 2013)
a. 360 b. 240 c. 180 d. None of these

8. A sum of money is to be distributed among A, B, C and D in the proportion of 5 : 2 : 4 : 3. If C gets Tk.1,000 more
than D, what is B’s share?
(Rupali Bank - 2013)
a. Tk.500 b. Tk.1,500 c. Tk.2,000 d. None of these

9. If x : y = 5 : 3, then (8x–5y) : (8x+5y) =?

(4 Bank-AP – 2020; BB-Officer – 2019; Agrani–Cash – 2017, SO – 2013)
a. 5 : 11 b. 6 : 5 c. 5 : 6 d. 11 : 5

10. If p, q, r are positive integers and 4p = 3q = 5r, then what is the smallest value of p + q + r?
a. 12 b. 47 c. 60 d. 94 e. Cannot be determined

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11. Mr. Noman is in charge of a special snake farm in Gaibandha. The farm has two types of snakes ; King Cobra and
1
Pythons. After a recent stock taking, he was surprised to find that of the number of king cobras in the farmwas
4
1
exactly equal to of the total number of snakes in the farm. What is the ratio of the number of pythons to the number
6
of kingcobras in the farm?
(IBA - BBA : 2009)
a. 1 : 4 b. 1 : 3 c. 1 : 2 d. 2 : 3 e. None of these

12.A sum of Tk.427 is to be divided among A, B and C is such a way that 3 times A’s share, 4 times B’s share and 7
times C’s share are all equal. Find the share of each?
Ans:-

2 3
13. Divided Tk.1,050 among A, B and C such that A receives as much as B and C together and B receives as much
5 7
as A and C together.
Ans:-

1 1 1
14. Instead of dividing Tk.117 among P, Q, R in the ratio : : by mistake it was divided in the ratio 2 : 3 : 4. Who
2 3 4
gained in the transaction?
a. Only P b. Only Q c. Only R d. Both Q and R

15.Abir’s monthly salary is equal to 30% of Zahir’s monthly salary or 20% of Sohel’s monthly salary. If the sum of
Zahir’s monthly salary and Sohels’ monthly salary is Tk.50,000, what is the monthly salary of Abir?
(MBA-IBA: 55th intake, Dec-2015)
a. Tk. 4,500 b. Tk. 5,000 c. Tk. 6,000 d. Tk. 4,000 e. None of these

5
16. Alok’s monthly salary is times as much as Babul’s and Babul’s monthly salary is 60% less than that of Chumki.
2
If their average monthly salary is Tk.54,000, What is the monthly salary of Chumki?
a. Tk.67,500 b. Tk.27,000 c. Tk.24,000 d. Tk.52,500

17. Tazul's salary is 4 times of that of Abir. In a particular month Abir was fined Tk.500 and the salary he drew was
1
th of that of Tazul's. What is Tazul's Salary?
6
(IBA - MBA : 54th intake)
a. Tk.1,000 b. Tk.7,500 c. Tk.2,500 d. Tk.5,000 e. None of these

1 1 1 1
18. of Arif’s income and of Babu’s income equal Tk.1,100. If of Arif’s income is equal to of Babu’s income,
4 3 8 5
what is Babu’s income?
(IBA - MBA : 98 - 99)
a. Tk.1,500 b. Tk.1,450 c. Tk.1,200 d. Tk.1,100 e. None of these

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19. The ratio of red and black marbles in a jar is 3:5. If the number of red marbles is increased by 20% and the number
of black marbles is increased by 5 units, then the new ratio of red and black marbles remains the same. How many red
marbles were in the jar?
(IBA-MBA: 54th intake, Jun-2015)
a. 12 b. 15 c. 24 d. 30 e. None of these

20. A box contains 24 balls, some red and some black. Each of the following could be the ratio of red to black balls
except.
(IBA - MBA : 03 - 04)
a. 1 : 1 b. 3 : 1 c. 5 : 3 d. 4 : 3 e. 5 : 1

21. The scores of Amal and Bimal in an examination are in the ratio 11 : 14. After an appeal, their scores increase by
the same amount and their new scores are in the ratio 47 : 56. The ratio of Bimal’s new score to that of his original
score is -
a. 3 : 2 b. 4 : 3 c. 5 : 4 d. 8 : 5 e. 5 : 8

22. The incomes of A and B are in the ratio 3 : 2 and their expenditures are in the ratio 5 : 3. If each saves Tk.2,000,
what is their income?
(Janata Bank - AEO : 2013)
a. 24,000 and 16,000 b. 21,000 and 14,000 c. 12,000 and 8,000 d. 15,000 and 10,00

2 1
23. The ratio of boys to girls in a class . If 2 boys leave and 4 girls join the class, the ratio of boys to girls becomes .
5 4
Originally how many girls were in the class?
(Pubali Bank - 2016)
a. 16 b. 20 c. 21 d. 24
24.The present ratio of students to teachers at a certain school is 30 to 1. If the students enrollment were to increase by
50 students and the number of teachers were to increase by 5, the ratio of students to teacherswould be 25 to 1. What
is the present number of teacher?
(Agrani Bank : SO - 2013 ; Midland Bank. MTO - 2015 ; Bangladesh bank - 2015)
a. 15 b. 10 c. 12 d. 8

25.The ratio of water and salt in a 16 kg of salt - water solution is 3 : 1. How much water in kg must be added to make
the ratio of water to salt 4 : 1?
(IBA - BBA : 2001 - 02)
a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 6 e.None of these

26.During a particular day, x number of applicants came to IBA to submit their applications before lunch. Of them
70% were male applicants. On the same day, y number of applicants came to submit their applications after lunch and
all of them were male applicants. On that particular day, the ratio of male applicants to female applicants was 4 : 1.
Calculate y in terms of x -
(IBA - BBA : 2003 - 04)
a. 0.28x b. 0.35x c. 0.40x d. 0.50x e. None of these

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27. The ratio of income of Kamran and Dolon is 3 : 4. The ratio of their expenditure is 4 : 5. Find the ratio of their
savings if the savings of Kamran is one - fourth of his income?
(IBA - MBA : 2009 - 10)
a. 5 : 4 b. 19 : 21 c. 4 : 6 d. 12 : 19 e. 10 : 20

28.The ratio of income of Kamal and Jamal is 3 : 1. The ratio of income of Abu and Babu is 1 : 2. The ratio of income
of Jamal and Abu is 1 : 2. The difference between Abu and Babu is Tk.40,000. What is their average income?
(IBA - MBA : 61th intake)
a. 50,000 b. 55,000 c. 60,000 d. 70,000 e. None of these

29. Pavel's monthly income is Tk.5250. The ratio of his monthly expenditure to savings is 8:7. From the next month,
he wants to increase his savings by Tk.550 while his monthly income will remain unchanged. What will be the new
ratio of his monthly savings to expenditure?
(IBA-MBA: 60 intake)
a. 3:2 b. 2:1 c. 8:7 d. 4:3 e. None of these

30.In a bag, there are coins of 25 p, 10 p and 5 p in the ratio of 1 : 2 : 3. If there is Tk.30 in all, how many 5 p coins are
there?
a. 50 b. 100 c. 150 d. 200

31. Seats for Mathematics, Physics and Biology in a school are in the ratio 5 : 7 : 8. There is a proposal to increase
these seats by 40%, 50% and 75% respectively. What will be the ratio of increased seats?
a. 2 : 3 : 4 b. 6 : 7 : 8 c. 6 : 8 : 9 d. None of these

32.Toyota sold twice the amount of car that Nissan sold during 2016. In 2017 Toyota sold 25% less than previous year
and Nissan sold 25% more. What is the ratio of their sale during 2017?
(IBA-MBA: 61th intake)
a. 6 : 5 b. 2 : 1 c. 14 : 9 d. 3 : 4 e. None of these

33. A car-wash can wash 8 cars in 18 minutes. At this rate, how many cars can the car-wash in 3 hours?
(BB-Officer (Cash) – 2011)
a. 13 b. 40.5 c. 80 d. 125 e. 405

34.In a group of 1200 people, 80% were women. A certain number of women left the group and as a result the
percentage of women dropped to 70%. How many women left the group?
(IBA-MBA: 62 intake, Nov – 2019)
a. 200 b. 280 c. 360 d. 400 e. None of these

35. The price of sugar and rice are in the ratio 4 : 5. If the price of sugar is increased by 10% and rice by 20%, find the
ratio between increased prices of sugar and rice.
(Premier Bank : TAO - 2013)
Ans:-

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 PART – Ⅱ : MIXTURE AND ALLIGATION

36. In what ratio must a grocer mix two varieties of pulses costing Tk.15 and Tk.20 per kg respectively so as to get a
mixture worth Tk.16.50 per kg?
(Janata Bank : AEO - 2016)
a. 3 : 7 b. 5 : 7 c. 7 : 3 d. 7 : 5 e. None of these

37. In what ratio must a grocer mix two varieties of tea worth Tk.60 a kg and Tk.65 a kg so that by selling price the
mixture at Tk.68.20 a kg he may gain 10%?
(Janata Bank - 2016)
a. 3 : 2 b. 3 : 4 c. 3 : 5 d. 4 : 5 e. None of these

38. How much salt must be add to 10 grams of a 20% salt solution to strengthen it into 50% solution?
(South East Bank - 2009)
a. 5 grams b. 3 grams c. 6 grams d.4 grams e. None of these

39. In what ratio should a 20% methyl alcohol solution be mixed with a 50% alcohol solution so that the resultant
solution has 40% methyl alcohol in it?
(Mutual Trust Bank - MTO : 2014)
a. 1 : 2 b. 2 : 1 c. 1 : 3 d. 3 : 1 e. 2 : 3

40. A 19 litre mixture consists by volume of 1 part juice to 18 part water. If x litres of juice and y litres of water are
added to this mixture to make a 54 litre mixture consisting by volume of 1 part juice to 2 part water, then what is the
value of x?
(Bank Asia Ltd : MTO - 2011)
a. 36 b. 35 c. 27 d. 18 e. 17

41. In a 60 litre mixture of fruit - juice, ratio of mango and orange is 2 : 1. How many litres of orange juice should be
added to make the ratio of mango and orange is 1 : 2?)
(35th Bcs - 2015)
a. 40 b. 50 c. 60 d. 70

42. How many litres of water should be added to a 30 litre mixture of milk and water containing milk and water in the
ratio of 7 : 3 such that the resulting mixture has 40% water in it?
(IBA - MBA : 2008 - 09)
a. 7 b. 10 c. 5 d. 12 e. None of these

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43. A can contains milk and water in the ratio 3 : 1. A part of this mixture is replaced with milk and now the new ratio
of milk to water is 15 : 4. What portion of the original mixture had been replaced by milk?
(Combined 8 Banks and FI’s : SO - 2018)
a. 3 : 19 b. 11 : 19 c. 35 : 19 d. 42 : 19 e. None of these

44. A 60 litre mixture of sugar and water contains sugar and water in the ratio 2 : 3. How many litres of the mixture
should be replaced by sugar so that the ratio of sugar and water becomes 1 : 1?
(Sonali Bank - SO : 2019)
a. 6 b. 10 c. 15 d. 20 e. None of these

45. A jar contains a mixture of oil and water in the ratio 22:3. 50 liters of the mixture was taken out and 25 liters of
water was added to it. If water was 34% in the resultant mixture, what was the quantity of the mixture (in liters) in the
jar?
(Sonali Bank : CO - FFQ - 2019)
a. 68 L b. 125 L c. 210 L d. 48 L e. None of these

46. A can contains a mixture of two liquids A and B in the ratio 7 : 5. When 9 litres of mixture are drawn off and the
can is filled with B, the ratio of A and B becomes 7 : 9. How many litres of liquid A was contained by the can
initially?
(Combined 8 bank - 2019)
a. 62 L b. 38 L c. 21 L d. 15 L e. None of these

47. A container contains 40 liters of milk. From this container 4 liters of milk was taken out and replaced by water.
This process was repeated further two times. How much milk is now contained by the container in liters?
(RupaliBank - SO : 2019 ; PKB : EO - 2019)
a. 26.34 b. 27.36 c. 28 d. 29.16 e. 35

48. A dishonest milkman professes to sell his milk at cost price but he mixes it with water and thereby gains 25%. The
percentage of water in the mixture is :
a. 4% b. 6% c. 20% d. 25% e. 30%

49. In a mixture of milk and water, their ratio is 2 : 3 in the first container and the same mixture has 3 : 2 in the second
container. In what ratio should the mixtures be extracted from each container and poured into a third container, so that
the ratio of milk and water comes to 11 : 9 in the third container?
a. 1 : 3 b. 3 : 1 c. 11 : 7 d. 7 : 9 e. None of these

50. 8 litres are drawn from a cask full of wine and is then filled with water. This operation is performed three more
times. The ratio of the quantity of wine now left in cask to that of the water is 16 : 65. How much wine did the cask
hold originally?
(IBA -BBA : 2013 - 14)
a. 18 L b. 24 L c. 32 L d. 42 L e. None of these

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51.A 30% solution of Barium Chloride is mixed with 10 grams of water to form a 20% solution. How many grams of
the original solution did we start with?
a. 10 b. 15 c. 20 d. 25 e. 30

52.A vessel contains a mixture of grape, pineapple and banana juices in the respective ratio of 4 : 6 : 5. 15 litre of this
mixture is taken out and 8 litre of grape juice and 2 litre of pineapple juice is added to the vessel. If the resultant
quantity of grape juice is 10 litre less than the resultant quantity of pineapple juice, what was the initial quantity of
mixture in the vessel?
a. 120 L b. 150 L c. 105 L d. 135 L e. None of these

PART Ⅲ : PROBLEMS ON AGE

53. Father is aged three times more than his son Ronit. After 8 years, he would be two and a half times of Ronit's age.
After further 8 years, how many times would he be of Ronit's age?
1 3
a. 2 times b. 2 times c. times d. 3 times e. None of these
2 4

54. Ten years ago, A was half of B in age. If the ratio of their present age is 3 : 4, what will be the total of their present
ages?
(Rupali Bank - SO : 2013)
a. 20 years b. 30 years c. 45 years d. None of these

55.Six years ago, the ratio of the ages of Kunal and Sagar was 6 : 5. Four years hence, the ratio of their ages will be 11
: 10. What is Sagar's age at present?
a. 16 years b. 18 years c. 20 years d. Cannot be determined e. None of these

56. Age of the father is equal to the sum of ages of his three sons. If in 19 years, one third of father's age will be equal
to one fifth the sum of the ages of the sons. What is the age of the father?
(IBA - MBA : 2007 - 08)
a. 28 b. 38 c. 48 d. 58 e. None of these

57. A person is 5 years older than his wife. His wife is 4 times as old as his son. After 5 years, son’s age will be 12
years. What is the present age of the person?
(Agrani Bank Ltd. CO - 2015)
a. 25 b. 33 c. 30 d. 55 e. None of these

58. The sum of ages of 5 children born at intervals of 3 years each is 50 years. What is the age of the youngest child?
(Combined 5 Bank : CO - 2019 ; Exim Bank - 2013)
a. 4 b. 5 c. 8 d. 10 e. None of these

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59. Q is as much younger than R as he is older than T. If the sum of the ages of R and T is 50 years, what is definitely
the difference between R and Q’s age?
(Exim Bank Ltd. MTO - 2013)
a. 2 b. 15 c. 25 d. Cannot be determined e. None of these

60. The average age of a committee of 8 members is 40 years. A member aged 55 years retired and his place was
taken another member aged 39 years. The average age of the present committee is –
a. 40 b. 24 c. 30 d. 38 e. None of these

61. The average age of students of class is 15.8 years. The average age of boys in the class is 16.4 years and that of the
girls is 15.4 years. Find the ratio of numbers of boys to the numbers of girls in the class -
(Bangladesh Bank : AD - 2015)
Ans:-

62. Sabbir has a brother one - fourth of his age and a sister two times of his age. If the combined age of all the three
siblings is twenty more thrice the age of the youngest, how old is Shabbir’s sister?
(IBA - BBA : 2009 - 10)
a. 2 b. 16 c. 2.5 d. 8 e. None of these

63. The sum of the ages of a father and his son is 45 years. Five years ago, the product of their ages was 34. The ages
of the son and the father are respectively:
a. 6 and 39 b. 7 and 38 c. 9 and 36 d. 11 and 34

PART - Ⅳ : PARTNERSHIP

64. A’s capital is equal to twice B’s capital is three times C’s capital. The ratio of the capitals is :
a. 2 : 1 : 3 b. 1 : 2 : 6 c. 6 : 3 : 1 d. 1 : 3 : 6
65.Three partners shared the profit in a business in the ratio 5 : 7 : 8. They had partnered for 14 months, 8 months and
7 months respectively. What was the ratio of their investments?
a. 5 : 7 : 8 b. 20 : 49 : 64 c. 38 : 28 : 2 d. None of these

66. A, B and C started a business by investing Tk.1,20,000, Tk.1,35,000 and Tk.1,50,000 respectively.Find the share
of each out of an annual profit of Tk.56,700.
(Pubali Bank: -2016)
Ans:-

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67. Halim, Kalim and Salim invest Tk.5,000, Tk.7,000, Tk.12,000 respectively in a business. If the profits are
distributed proportionately, what share of a Tk.1,111 profit should Salim receive?
(IBA - MBA : 2001 - 02)
a. Tk.231.40 b. Tk.254.00 c. Tk.333.33 d. Tk.370.33 e. Tk.555.50

68. Three partners A, B and C start a business. Twice A’s capital is equal to thrice B’s capital and B’s capital is four
times C’s capital. Out of a total profit of Tk.16,500 at the end of the year, B’s share is:
(BB-AD –2014)
a. Tk.4,000 b. Tk.6,000 c. Tk.6,600 d. Tk.7,500

69. A, B and C enter into partnership with investments in the ratio of 5 : 7 : 8. If, at the end of the year A’s share of
profit is Tk. 42,360, how much is the total profit?
[Standard Bank - 2019 ; Sonali Bank - AE(IT) : 2016]
a. 1,69,440 b. 2,69,440 c. 3,69,440 d. 4,69,440

70. A and B started a partnership business by investing some amount in the ratio of 3 : 5. C joined them after six
months with an amount equal to that of B. In what proportion should the profit at the end of the first year be
distributed among A, B and C?
(Exim Bank - MTO : 2013)
a. 3 : 5 : 2 b. 3 : 5 : 5 c. 6 : 10 : 5 d. Cannot be determined
71. A and B start a business with initial investments in the ratio 12:11 and their annual profits were in the ratio 4:1.If
A invested the money for 11months, B invested the money for?
(Rupali Bank - 2019)
a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 6

72. A began a business with Tk.2,100 and is joined afterwards by B with Tk.3,600. After how many months did B
join, if the profits at the end of the year are divided equally?
a. 5 months b. 6 months c. 7 months d. 8 months e. None of these

PART - Ⅴ : SPOT QUIZZ

73.The ratio of solution A and Solution B in the container is 3:2. when 10 liters of the mixture is taken out and is
replaced by the solution B, the ratio become 2:3. The total quantity of the mixture in the container?
a. 30 b. 55 c. 50 d. 38 e. None of these

74.Some money is divided among A, B and C in such a way that 5 times A’s share, 3 times B’s share and 2 times C’s
share are all equal. The ratio between the shares of A, B C is:
a. 5 : 3 : 2 b. 2 : 2 : 5 c. 15 : 10 : 16 d. 6 : 10 : 15 e. None of these

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75. In 10 years, A will be twice as old as B was 10 years ago. If A is now 9 years older than B, the present age of B
is:- (Uttara Bank - 2017)
a. 15 b. 30 c. 28 d. 39 e. None of these

76. A and B invest in a business in the ratio 3:2. If 5% of the total profit goes to charity and A’s share is Tk.855, the
total profit is:
(5 Banks : Officer (Cash) –2019 ; Exim Bank - 2016 ; PKB - 2019)
a. Tk.1,425.00 b. Tk.1,537.50 c. Tk.1,576.00 d. Tk.1,500.00

PART - Ⅵ: ADDITIONAL PART FOR SELF PRACTICE

77.The ratio of the numbers of boys and girls in a school was 5:3. Some new boys and girls were admitted to the
school, in the ratio 5:7. At this, total number of students in the school became 1200, and the ratio of boys to girls
changed to 7:5. What was the number of students in the school before new admission?
[Combined 5 Banks (Officer- Cash) – 2019 (AUST)]
Ans:-

78. Two candles of same height are lighted at the same time. The first is consumed in 3 hours and second in 2 hours.
Assuming that each candle burns at a constant rate, in how many hours after being lighted, the ratio between the first
and second candles becomes 2:1?
(Janata Bank – 2019)
Ans :-

79. Three containers A, B and C contain mixtures of milk and water in the ratio of 1:5, 3:5 and 5:7 respectively. If the
capacities of the containers are in the ratio 5:4:5, then find the ratio of the milk to the water, if the mixtures of all the
three containers are mixed together.
[Sonali Bank - SO (FF) – 2019 (AUST)]
Ans :-

80. There are 81 liters pure milk in a container. One-third of milk is replaced by water in the container. Again one-
third of the mixture is extracted and equal amount of water is added. What is the ratio of milk to water in the new
mixture?
[Sonali Bank - SO (FF) – 2019 (AUST)]
Ans :-

81. A milkman mixes water and milk in a container in the ratio of 2:5 respectively. Initially, he sells the mixture at tk
30 per litre .After selling 70 liters of mixture, he mixes another 20 liters of water and then ratio of water and milk
becomes 8:15,respectively.The New mixture is sold by the milk man at the rate at tk 25 per litre.If cost of milk is tk 27
per litre then find the profit of milkman in the whole transaction?
Ans :-

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82. Robi was 4 times as old as his son 8 years ago. After 8 years, Robi will be twice as old as his son. What are their
present age?
(PKB - 2014)
Ans :-

1 1
83. If x years ago Samad was 12, and x years from now he will be 2x years old, how will he be 3x years from now?
2 2
(Al - Arafah Bank - 2013)
Ans :-

84. Rajan’s present age is three times his daughter’s and nine - thirteenth of his mother’s present age. The sum of the
present ages of all three of them is 125 years. What is the difference between the present ages of Rajan’s daughter and
Rajan’s mother?
Ans :-

85. Four milkmen rented a pasture. A grazed 24 cows for 3 months; B, 10 cows for 5 months; C, 35 cows for 4 months
and D, 21 cows for 3 months. If A's share of rent is Tk.720. Find the total rent of the field.
(Pubali Bank: SO–2016, written)
Ans :-

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