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[ICSEP 2019]

Performance Analysis Of PV Using Soft Computing Technique

Er.Madhuchhanda Bhanja Deo a, Dr.Bhagabat Panda b,

Dr.Sujit Kumar Bhuyanc,Er.Aradhana Khillod

a
ABIT,Cuttack,Odisha,India,753003
PMEC,Berhampur,Ganjam,Odisha,India,760001
b

c
BIET,Bhadrak,Odisha,India,
d
PMEC,Berhampur,Ganjam,Odisha,760001

Abstract

With the advancement of technology and rapid growth of population,the need for reliable source of energy has
increased .So, in this paper, the solar panel/module is taken and electrical energy is generated using the solar
energy. The objective of this paper is to improve the performance of the solar panel using a MPPT technique and
converter and then compare the results with that of the results of solar panel using PI controller and hysteresis
controller. The boosted output voltage is much greater than the output voltage of the PV MODULE. This is
useful for a water pumping system. All the above are found by the help of simulation in MATLAB/SIMULINK
software.

Keywords: Soft Computing; MPPT;PI controller;Hysteresis controller

1.INTRODUCTION

The solar PV pumping system consists of converter, motor and a pump set .It contains a number of PV
cells/modules operating in parallel and series combination with the aim to provide sufficient power to run the motor
set to extract water from bore well, streams, ponds or canals. The main advantage of this pump over all other
available in the market is that it uses a suitable MPPT technique and a appropriate controller. The P-V and I-V
characteristic of the solar array is subject to change with the variation of irradiation and temperature .When the array
is directly connected to the load not using any converter as interface, the chances of the operating point lying in the
maximum power point is very less. This is where the Load Matching and MPPT technique comes into picture. .The
PV system consists of three parts:-
A. Solar Panel/modules
B. Power Interface unit
C .Electric load
1.1.Solar Panel

DC current is generated when the photons of light falls on the solar cell. The equivalent electric circuit of a solar cell
can be assumed to be a current source parallel to the diode ,shunt resistance(R sh ) and a series resistance(Rse).

FIG.1.Single
diode model of
a solar cell

1.2.Power
Interface unit

Power Interface
unit consists of a controller operating as MPPT,DC-DC converters and Battery for the storage of the generated
power. The storage mainly occurs for use during night hours or during day time when the radiation of sun is less.
The uses of controller are stated below;
● It is useful for impedance matching i.e it matches the output impedance of the load with that of the input
impedance of the panel for extracting maximum power.
● It provides low voltage protection .When the system is under too much low or too much high voltage
deviation from the operating range of the pump, the system tends to switch off automatically .This
increases the lifespan of the pump and lessens its weariness.
● During the condition where the water source level is low or the storage exceeds ,the system is switched off
by the controller.
● It can remotely monitor and manage the system through a online portal

Dc-Dc Converters-These DC-DC converters act as interface between the PV module and the load. Converter used
over here is boost converter .It is also called as step up converter.

Maximum Power Point Tracking is a mechanism in which that point in the P-V and I-V curve is tracked in which
the power is maximum .At this point, the load line intersects the I-V curve and so the maximum power can be
transferred to this load. Different techniques of MPPT are:-
a)Perturb and Observe method
b)Incremental Conductance technique
c)short circuit current method
d)open circuit voltage method
e)Fuzzy Logic technique
In this paper a MPPT technique using P&O is modelled using MATLAB and the same is also done using a PI
controller and a Hysteresis controller. Also, all the results are compared.
FIG.2.MPPT algorithm of P & O.

START

CALCULATE V(k) and I(k)

P(k)=V(k)*I(k)

N
Y P(k)>P(k-1)
NY

V(k)<V(k-1)
Y N

δ = δ 1−Δδ δ= Y N
δ 1+ Δδ
δ=δ 1 + Δδ δ =δ 1−Δδ

k=k+1

GO TO START
 1.3.Electric Load

Electric load is nothing but any electrical component that consumes power.

PV PANEL

BOOST CONVERTER
PUMP(electric load)

MPPT CONTROLLER

FIG.3.Block Diagram Of The Complete Solar Pumping System

2.Simulations- We design a simulink model in the MATLAB platform. The simulation results for all the three
methods are given below:-

FIG.4.I-V-P w.r.t time for P & O.

FIG.5.I-V-P w. r. t time for PI controller.

FIG.6.I-V-P w. r .t time for HYSTERESIS controller.

3.Results:-The tabulation of the parameters of the three methods are given below:-
WITHOUT ANY USING P&O USING USING
MPPT METHOD PI CONTROLLER HYSTERESIS
CONTROLLR
V 315 2.2-2.5KV 1KV 0.94KV
I 4.5 4.5-5A 2A 2A
P 1.5KW 10KW 2KW 2KW
Convergence timing 1s 0.2s 0.6s 0.5s

4.Comparison
1)Firstly , among all the three methods, P&O method attains the steady state first within few seconds compared to
the other two i.e at 0.2s as compared to the rest two.
2)Secondly, in the P&O technique ,the boosted voltage of the circuit is highest .

5.Conclusion
Observing the simulation results, it is concluded that the P&O technique is the best for the MPPT due to its ability to
attain steady state is fast and its output voltage also is much higher than the rest two. The future work of this paper
can be designing a modified P & O method to work efficiently even under partial shading conditions , or tuning the
PI controller to get better results.

6.References
[1] Dr. Bhagabat Panda, Dr. Babita Panda,"A simple current control strategy for single stage grid connected three
phase PV inverter " ,American Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering. VOL.4,NO.4,2016,PP 102-109
[2] Dr. Bhagabat Panda, Dr .Babita Panda "Hardware implementation of PV Z source inverter using maximum boost
control method", SCI, Springer,vol-1

[3] Dr.Arjyadhara Pradhan,Dr.Bhagabat Panda “Performance analysis of Photovoltaic module at changing

environmental condition using MATLAB/Simulink ”,International Journal of Applied Engineering
Research(SCOPUS), VOL-13,no.12(2017),pp-34-42

[4] Dr.Arjyadhara Pradhan , Dr. Bhagabat Panda, “Efficiency Improvement of Photovoltaic system using Maximum
power point tracking”, International Conference on Electrical, Electronics, Computers, Communication,
Mechanical, and Computing,(EECCMC) IEEE Madras Section 28th &29th January 2018, Priyadarshini College of
Engineering,Tamil Nadu
[5] Nivedita Pati,Nibedita Swain,”Application of H∞controller to Boost converter using Model Order
Reduction”,IEEE INDICON,Year: 2015 Pages:1-64,Pages: 864 - 872
[6] Dr.Arjyadhara Pradhan,Dr.Bhagabat Panda"Analysis of Ten external factors affecting the performance of PV
system", International Conference on Energy, Communication, Data Analytics and Soft Computing (ICECDS 2017),
IEEE Madras Section 1st-2nd August, SKR Engineering College, Tamil Nadu. VOL-13,no.12(2017),pp-34-42