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Building Technology 4 Week 3

Okay, let me solve this step-by-step: 1. Identify the volume of concrete needed: - Dimensions are 3m x 0.3m x 0.3m - Volume formula is: Length x Width x Height - So the volume is: 3m x 0.3m x 0.3m = 0.27m3 2. Refer to the concrete proportion table for Class A mixture: - Cement:Sand:Gravel ratio is 1:2:4 3. Compute the quantities using the ratio: - Cement: 0.27m3 x 1 bag/0.50m3 = 0.54 bags - Sand: 0.27

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
155 views39 pages

Building Technology 4 Week 3

Okay, let me solve this step-by-step: 1. Identify the volume of concrete needed: - Dimensions are 3m x 0.3m x 0.3m - Volume formula is: Length x Width x Height - So the volume is: 3m x 0.3m x 0.3m = 0.27m3 2. Refer to the concrete proportion table for Class A mixture: - Cement:Sand:Gravel ratio is 1:2:4 3. Compute the quantities using the ratio: - Cement: 0.27m3 x 1 bag/0.50m3 = 0.54 bags - Sand: 0.27

Uploaded by

Xette Fajardo
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BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 4

Specifications Writing and Quantity Surveying


WEEK03

RENMAR B. YUTOC uap rmp


COURSE OUTCOMES:

Ability to apply relevant laws, codes, charters and standards of architecture


CO1 and the built environment in architectural and in the preparation of contract
documents

Ability to translate Architectural Drawings to specific Building Technologies and


CO2
Utilities Systems

CO3
Ability to prepare sets of contract documents as required by government
agencies

CO4
Ability to recognize various building materials and its application for the
preparation of building specifications
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 2
CO1 CO2 CO3 CO4
WEEKS 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8

Lecture
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION DETAILED ESTIMATES

• Establish the appropriate architectural plan as the basis for the structural plans &
details

• Site works: Volumetric estimate for the required excavation based in the foundation
Plan & footing details

• Amount of back filling materials based on the elevation of the building above grade

• Class of concrete to be used in different structural components of the structure


to be applied in the itemized estimate of the concrete
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 4
SPECIFICATIONS WRITING AND
QUANTITY SURVEYING
CEMENT
CONCRETE
A structural material consisting of MAIN COMPOSITION

a hard, chemically inert particulate Lime 1.6 – 65%


Silica 18 – 25%
substance, known as aggregate
Alumina 3 – 8%
(usually sand and gravel), that is Iron Oxide 3 – 5%
Magnesia 2 – 5%
bonded together by cement and
Sulfur trioxide 1 – 5%
water.

https://www.britannica.com/technology/concrete-building-material
PLAIN CONCRETE REINFORCED CONCRETE

Artificial stone as a result of A concrete with reinforcement


mixing cement, fine aggregates, properly embedded in such a
coarse aggregates and water. manner that the two materials
The conglomeration of these act together in resisting forces.
materials producing a solid
mass is called plain concrete.

SIMPLIFIED CONSTRUCTION ESTIMATE (Max Fajardo)


https://theconstructor.org/structural-engg/flat-slab-types-design-advantages/13919/
DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONCRETE

• Ordinary Portland Cement


• Rapid Hardening Portland Cement (High early strength concrete)
• Blast Furnace / Sulfate Cement (Resist chemical attack)
• Low Heat Portland Cement (Reduce the heat of hydration)
• Portland Pozzolan Cement (Low hardening)
• High Alumina Cement (Can withstand very high temperature)
(Cement fundu)

SIMPLIFIED CONSTRUCTION ESTIMATE (Max Fajardo)


PRINCIPLES OF CONCRETE MIXING

Must meet the following requirements:


a. Workability
b. Strength
c. Durability
d. Economy

SIMPLIFIED CONSTRUCTION ESTIMATE (Max Fajardo)


CONCRETE MIXTURE
DESIGNED MIXTURE : Contractor is responsible in establishing the
mixture proportion that will achieve the required strength and
workability as specified in the plan

PRESCRIBED MIXTURE : Designing Engineer specify the mixture


proportion. The contractor’s responsibility is only to provide a properly
mixed concrete containing the right proportions as prescribed in the
plan.

SIMPLIFIED CONSTRUCTION ESTIMATE (Max Fajardo)


CONCRETE PROPORTION

Mixture
Proportion Compressive Strength and Applications
Class

AA 1 : 1 1/2 : 3 4000PSI : Retaining walls, concrete under water

A 1 : 2 : 4 3500PSI : Beams, slabs, footings, columns

B 1 : 2 1/2 : 5 3000PSI

C 1 : 3 : 6 2500PSI : Plant boxes, non-critical areas


CONCRETE PROPORTION

Cement in Bag
Mixture Sand Gravel
Proportion
Class cubic meter cubic meter
40 kg 50kg

AA 1 : 1 1/2 : 3 12.00 9.50 0.50 1.00

A 1 : 2 : 4 9.00 7.00 0.50 1.00

B 1 : 2 1/2 : 5 7.50 * 6.00 0.50 1.00

C 1 : 3 : 6 6.00 5.00 0.50 1.00

*Corrected. The previously posted/presented was “7.00”

SIMPLIFIED CONSTRUCTION ESTIMATE (Max Fajardo)


BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 4
EXAMPLES
EXAMPLE 01

A propose concrete pavement has a


general dimension of 100 mm thick, 100 mm

3.00 meters wide and 6.00 meters


long. Determine the quantity of 6.0 m
cement in bags, sand, and gravel in
cubic meters required using Class “C” 3.0 m

mixture.
SOLUTION

STEP 01
CHECK IF ALL OF THE UNITS
ARE THE SAME
SOLUTION

1 meter = 100 centimeter = 1000 millimeter


SOLUTION

100 mm 0.1 m

6.0 m 6.0 m

3.0 m 3.0 m
SOLUTION

STEP 02
IDENTIFY THE VOLUME
SOLUTION

0.1 m
𝑽𝑶𝑳𝑼𝑴𝑬 𝑶𝑭 𝑷𝑨𝑽𝑬𝑴𝑬𝑵𝑻
a=𝑙𝑥𝑤𝑥ℎ
6.0 m a = 6.0 𝑚 𝑥 3.0 𝑚 𝑥 0.1 𝑚
a = 𝟏. 𝟖𝟎 𝒄𝒖. 𝒎.

3.0 m
SOLUTION

STEP 03
REFER TO THE TABLE FOR THE PROPORTION
CONCRETE PROPORTION

Cement in Bag
Mixture Sand Gravel
Proportion
Class cubic meter cubic meter
40 kg 50kg

AA 1 : 1 1/2 : 3 12.00 9.50 0.50 1.00

A 1 : 2 : 4 9.00 7.00 0.50 1.00

B 1 : 2 1/2 : 5 7.50 6.00 0.50 1.00

C 1 : 3 : 6 6.00 5.00 0.50 1.00


CONCRETE PROPORTION

Cement in Bag
Mixture Sand Gravel
Proportion
Class cubic meter cubic meter
40 kg 50kg

AA 1 : 1 1/2 : 3 12.00 9.50 0.50 1.00

A 1 : 2 : 4 9.00 7.00 0.50 1.00

B 1 : 2 1/2 : 5 7.50 6.00 0.50 1.00

C 1 : 3 : 6 6.00 5.00 0.50 1.00


SOLUTION

STEP 04
COMPUTE USING THE TABLE
SOLUTION

Compute for 40 kg cement

CEMENT 1.80 x 6.00 = 10.8 bags of 40 kg

SAND 1.80 x 0.50 = 0.90 cu.m.

GRAVEL 1.80 x 1.00 = 1.80 cu.m.


SOLUTION

Compute for 40 kg cement

CEMENT 1.80 x 6.00 = 11 bags of 40 kg

SAND 1.80 x 0.50 = 0.90 cu.m.

GRAVEL 1.80 x 1.00 = 1.80 cu.m.


CONCRETE PROPORTION

Cement in Bag
Mixture Sand Gravel
Proportion
Class cubic meter cubic meter
40 kg 50kg

AA 1 : 1 1/2 : 3 12.00 9.50 0.50 1.00

A 1 : 2 : 4 9.00 7.00 0.50 1.00

B 1 : 2 1/2 : 5 7.50 6.00 0.50 1.00

C 1 : 3 : 6 6.00 5.00 0.50 1.00


CONCRETE PROPORTION

Cement in Bag
Mixture Sand Gravel
Proportion
Class cubic meter cubic meter
40 kg 50kg

AA 1 : 1 1/2 : 3 12.00 9.50 0.50 1.00

A 1 : 2 : 4 9.00 7.00 0.50 1.00

B 1 : 2 1/2 : 5 7.50 6.00 0.50 1.00

C 1 : 3 : 6 6.00 5.00 0.50 1.00


SOLUTION

Compute for 50 kg cement

CEMENT 1.80 x 5.00 = 9 bags of 50 kg

SAND 1.80 x 0.50 = 0.90 cu.m.

GRAVEL 1.80 x 1.00 = 1.80 cu.m.


EXAMPLE 02

You were tasked by your immediate


supervisor to solve for the quantity of
the cement (40kg), sand, and gravel
3.0 m
by volume method using Class
Mixture A. Solve for the quantities
needed for the cement, sand, and
0.30 m
gravel.
0.30 m
EXAMPLE 02
𝑽𝑶𝑳𝑼𝑴𝑬 𝑶𝑭 𝑪𝑶𝑳𝑼𝑴𝑵
a=𝑙𝑥𝑤𝑥ℎ
a = 0.30 𝑚 𝑥 0.30 𝑚 𝑥 3.00 𝑚
a = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟕 𝒄𝒖. 𝒎.

CEMENT 0.27 x 9.00 = 2.43 bags of 40 kg


3.0 m

= 3 bags of 40 kg

SAND 0.27 x 0.50 = 0.14 cu.m.


0.30 m
GRAVEL 0.27 x 1.00 = 0.27 cu.m.
0.30 m
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 4
EXERCISES
SITUATION 01
1.5 m

Solve for the quantities needed for the

4.0 m

2.0 m
cement (50 kg), sand, and gravel using
Class Mixture B for this art installation.
3.5 m
3.0 m
SOLUTION
𝑽𝑶𝑳𝑼𝑴𝑬 𝑶𝑭 𝑩𝑶𝑿 𝑨 𝑽𝑶𝑳𝑼𝑴𝑬 𝑶𝑭 𝑩𝑶𝑿 𝑩
SITUATION 01 a = 3.50 𝑚 𝑥 1.50 𝑚 𝑥 4.00 𝑚 a = 3.50 𝑚 𝑥 1.50 𝑚 𝑥 2.00 𝑚
a = 𝟐𝟏. 𝟎𝟎 𝒄𝒖. 𝒎. a = 𝟏𝟎. 𝟓𝟎 𝒄𝒖. 𝒎.

1.5 m 1.5 m

1.5 m

4.0 m
4.0 m

2.0 m

2.0 m
3.5 m 3.5 m 3.5 m
3.0 m
SOLUTION

SITUATION 01
𝑽𝑶𝑳𝑼𝑴𝑬 𝑶𝑭 𝑨𝑹𝑻 𝑰𝑵𝑺𝑻𝑨𝑳𝑳𝑨𝑻𝑰𝑶𝑵
a = 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝐵𝑜𝑥 𝐴 + 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝐵𝑜𝑥 𝐵
1.5 m a = 21 𝑐𝑢. 𝑚. +10.50 𝑐𝑢. 𝑚.
a = 𝟑𝟏. 𝟓𝟎 𝒄𝒖. 𝒎.

CEMENT 31.50 x 6.00 = 189 bags of 50 kg


4.0 m

2.0 m

SAND 31.50 x 0.50 = 15.75 cu.m.


3.5 m
3.0 m
GRAVEL 31.50 x 1.00 =31.50 cu.m.
SITUATION 02

You were tasked by your immediate


supervisor to solve for the quantity of
the cement (50kg), sand, and gravel
3.2 m
by volume method using Class
Mixture A. Solve for the quantities
needed for the cement, sand, and
450 mm
gravel for 6 identical-sized columns.
0.30 m
SOLUTION

SITUATION 02 𝑨𝑹𝑬𝑨 𝑶𝑭 𝑪𝑶𝑳𝑼𝑴𝑵


a=𝑙𝑥𝑤𝑥ℎ
a = 0.45 𝑚 𝑥 0.30 𝑚 𝑥 3.20 𝑚
a = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟑 𝒄𝒖. 𝒎.

CEMENT 0.43 x 7.00 = 3.01 bags of 50 kg


3.01 bags x 6pcs = 18.06 bags of 50 kg
3.2 m
= 19 bags of 50 kg

SAND 0.43 x 0.50 = 0.22 cu.m.


0.22 cu.m x 6 pcs = 1.32 cu.m.

450 mm GRAVEL 0.43 x 1.00 = 0.43 cu.m.


0.30 m 0.43 cu.m. x 6 pcs = 2.58 cu.m.
SOLUTION

SITUATION 02 𝑨𝑹𝑬𝑨 𝑶𝑭 𝑪𝑶𝑳𝑼𝑴𝑵


a=𝑙𝑥𝑤𝑥ℎ
a = 0.45 𝑚 𝑥 0.30 𝑚 𝑥 3.20 𝑚
a = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟑 𝒄𝒖. 𝒎.

CEMENT 0.43 x 7.00 = 3.01 bags of 50 kg


3.01 bags x 6pcs = 18.06 bags of 50 kg
In reality, this may be converted to just 18 bags
3.2 m
but for the sake of consistency with other solutions, = 19 bags of 50 kg
we will still convert it to a higher number.

SAND 0.43 x 0.50 = 0.22 cu.m.


0.22 cu.m x 6 pcs = 1.32 cu.m.

450 mm GRAVEL 0.43 x 1.00 = 0.43 cu.m.


0.30 m 0.43 cu.m. x 6 pcs = 2.58 cu.m.
end.
LECTURE DATE: FEB 8, 2023 | LAST UPDATED: FEB 11, 2023

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