Example : -

(a) Simple : Health is wealth . 

Compound : It is health and it is also wealth .
Complex : It is health which is wealth .

(b) Simple : He is a good boy.

Compound : He is a boy and he is good .
Complex : He is a boy who is good .

*** Not only ……. But also hy³ compound sentence ‡K simple Kivi wbqgwU
wbæi“c : Transformation Sentence
Structure :
cÖ_‡g Beside e‡m + not only hy³ ev‡K¨i g~j verb Gi mv‡_ ing †hvM nq + (Rules sheet)
but also Gi c~e© ch©š— e‡m + , e‡m + g~j subject + but also hy³ As‡ki
verb e‡m | hw` bv _v‡K Zvn‡j cÖ_g As‡ki verb Avb‡Z n‡e + evKx Ask MVbvbymv‡i Sentence wZb cÖKvi| h_v:
e‡m | (1) Simple sentence (mij evK¨): Simle sentence -G GKwU gvÎ finite verb I GKwU gvÎ
Example : subject _v‡K †hgb :He is a good boy.
Compound : Our teacher not only teach us but also guide us . (2) Compound sentence (wgkª/†hŠwMK evK¨): `ywU Simle sentence mvaviYZ
Simple : Beside teaching us , our teacher guide us . Conjunction †hgb and/but/or Øviv hy³ _v‡K| `ywU finite verb Aek¨B _vK‡e| and/but Gi
ci GKB subject `yB evi e¨envi bv Ki‡jI P‡j|* and/but Øviv `ywU word †K †hvM Ki‡j
Compound : We give him not only food but also shelter. n‡ebv [He is poor but happy(Simple)] , `ywU Simle sentence †K †hvM Ki‡Z n‡e[He is
Simple : Beside giving food , we gave him shelter. poor but is happy(Compound)]|
(3) Complex sentence (RwUj evK¨): Complex sentence-G GKvwaK Simle sentence †h
†Kvb clause ‡hgb: Since, when, as, though, although, after, before, that, how Øviv hy³
_vK‡e| ‡hgb: If you come here, I shall accompany you.
1. Structure :
Simple : V-ing phrase +` , ’+ sub + verb + Related word (2q Ask)
Compound : Sub + verb + V-ing ( Gi evKx Ask ) + and + sentence Gi 2q Ask
Complex : Since/As/When + sub + mswkó kã + ` , ‘ + cyb: sub + verb + mswkøó kã
(Related word )
Example :
(a) Simple : Seeing the police , the thief ran away.
Compound : The thief saw the police and he ran away.
Complex : When the thief saw the police , he ran away.

(b) Simple : Closing the door , I went back to work.

Compound : I closed the door and I went back to work.
Complex : When I closed the door , I went back to work.

(c) Simple : Forgetting him , I went out.

Compound : I had forgotten and I went out.
 Complex : As I had forgotten him , I went out. Complex : As soon as I reached the school , the bell rang .
(d) Simple : Killing the bird , the old man brought bad luck to the crew. 11. Structre :
Compound : The old man killed the bird and he brought bad luck to the crew. Simple : At the time of + poss.adj + v-ing + mswkøó kã + `, ‘ + full sentence
Complex : Since the old man killed the bird , he brought bad luck to the crew. Compound : Sub + verb + mswkøó kã + and , at that time + full sentence
Complex : When + sub + verb + mswkøó kã + ` , ’ + principal clause
(e) Simple : Forgetting him, I went out. Example :
Compound : I had forgotten him and I went out. (a) Simple : At the time of his coming here , it had been raining .
Complex : As I had forgotten him , I went out. Compound : He came here and , at that time , it had been raining .
Complex : When he came here and , at that time , it had been raining .
Nota Bene (N.B) (we‡kl `ªóe¨) : Complex sentence Gi cÖ_g clause wU‡Z am /
is / are / was / were _vK‡j G‡`i cwie‡Z© being Ges have / has / had _vK‡j (b) Simple : At the time of my reading , he came here .
having ewm‡q simple Ki‡Z nq sentence Gi Avi †Kvb cwieZ©b nq bv | h_v :- Compound : I was reading and , at that time , he came here .
(f) Simple : The meeting being over , we went back home. Complex : When I was reading , he came here .
Compound : The meeting was over and we went back home .
Complex : When the meeting was over , we went back home . (c) Simple : At the time of their playing , it began to rain .
Compound : They were playing and , at that time , it began to rain .
(g) Simple : The weather being very cold , there were no birds or animals in the Complex : When they were playing it began to rain .
snow covered country .
Compound : The weather was very cold and there were no birds or animals in (d) Simple : At the age of four , he left the village .
the snow covered country. Compound : He was four , and at that time , he left the village .
Complex : Since the weather was very cold , there were no birds or animals in Complex : When he was four , he left the village .
the snow covered country .
12. Simple sentence wU hw` sub + verb + pronominal obj. + present participle _v‡K
(h) Simple : Having finished my lessons , I went to bad . Zvn‡j sub + verb + that when + object wUi subjective form Abyhvqx be verb
Compound : I had finished my lessons and I went to bed . present participle mn evKx Ask e¨envi K‡i complex Avi and , at that time e¨envi K‡i
Complex : When I had finished my lessons , I went to bad . compound Kiv hvq|
Example :
2. Structure : (a) Simple : I saw him reading .
Simple : Because of + poss. adj. + Noun + ` , ” + 2nd clause Compound : I saw him and , at that time , he was reading .
weKí wbqg: Because of + poss. Adj. + being / having + Adj. / Noun + `,’ + 2 nd Complex : I saw that he was reading .
clause
Compound : Sub + Verb + mswkó kã + ` , ” + 2nd clause 13. Simple : Sub + verb + adj. + noun
Complex : Since / As +Sub + Verb + mswkó kã + ` , ” + 2nd clause Compound : Sub + verb + noun + and + sub + be verb + Adj. wU
Complex : Sub + verb + noun + Related pronoun + be verb + Adj. wU
Example : Example :-
(a) Simple : Because of my illness , I could not attend the school . Simple: I saw a lame man .
Compound : I was ill and so , I could not attend the school . Compound : I saw a man and he was lame.
Complex : Since I was ill , I could not attend the school . Complex : I saw a man who was lame.
*** Z‡e hw` Adjective wU subject ‡K modify K‡i Zvn‡j complex -G wbqgwU
(b) Simple : Because of his being weak , the old man could not attend the court . wb¤œiæc :
Compound : The old man was weak and so , he could not attend the court . It + sub Abyhvqx be verb + sub + sub Gi Relative pronoun + verb + Adj.
 Complex : The authoress wanted quite isolation so that he could do some Compound : I reched the school , and at once the bell rang .
troublesome writings. Complex : Since The old man was weak , he could not attend the court .
9. Structure :
Simple : NP + v – ing + mswkøó kã +…… (c) Simple : Because of his having integrity, Salim was loved by all.
OR Compound : Salim had integrity and so, he was loved by all.
NP + Verb + mswkøó kã + V-ing + ……. Complex : As Salim had integrity, he was loved by all.
Compound : NP + Verb + mswkøó kã + and + sub + verb +………
Complex : NP + Verb + mswkøó kã + who / which / that + verb + ….. (d) Simple : Because of his very small size, he could not work hard.
Example : Compound : He was small and so, he could not work hard .
(a) Simple : The writer lived in a cabin belonging to the orphanage . Complex : Since he was small, he could not work hard.
Compound : The writer lived in a cabin and it belonged to the orphanage .
Complex : The writer lived in a cabin that belonged to the orphanage . N.B: Am/is/are _vK‡j simple sentence-G being Ges have/has/had _vK‡j having e‡m.

(b) Simple : I saw a bird flying in the sky. 3. Structure :

Compound : I saw a bird and it was flying in the sky. Simple : In spite of + sub. poss. form + verb + ing/being/having + mswkøó kã
Complex : I saw a bird that was flying in the sky. + 2q Ask
Compound : Sub + verb + mswkó kã + but + 2q Ask
10. Structure : Complex : Although + sub + mswkó kã + 2q Ask
Simple : On + v-ing + mswkøó kã + sub + verb + mswkøó kã Example :
Compound : Sub + verb + mswkøó kã + and , at once + sub + verb + (a) Simple : In spite of his trying heart and soul , he could not succeed.
mswkøó kã Compound : He tried heart and soul but he could not succeed.
Complex : As soon as + sub + verb + mswkøó kã + , + sub + verb + mswkøó Complex : Although he tried heart and soul , he could not succeed.
kã
Example : (b) Simple : In spite of his being poor, he is honest.
(a) Simple : On seeing the fob chair , Della seemed it to be Jeem`s. Compound : He is poor but he is honest.
Compound : Della saw the fob chair ,at once , she seemed it to be Jeem`s . Complex : Although he is poor , he is honest.
Complex : As soon as Della saw the fob chair , she seemed it to be Jeem`s .
(c) Simple : In spite of his having vast riches, the man wants more.
(b) Simple : On returning home , Karim went to play in the field . Compound : The man has vast riches but he wants more.
Compound : Karim returned home and , at once , he went to play in the field . Complex : Although the man has vast riches, he wants more.
Complex : As soon as Karim returned home , he went to play in the field .` OR’
No sooner had Karim returned home , he went to play in the field . (d) Simple : In spite of his working hard, could not succeed.
Compound : He worked hard but he could not succeed.
(c) Simple : At the time of the teacher`s entering into the classroom , the students Complex : Although he worked hard, he could not succeed.
stood up .
Compound : The teacher entered into the classroom and , at once , the students (e) Simple : In spite of his running fast, he could not get the train .
stood up . Compound : He run fast but he could not get the train.
Complex : As soon as the teacher entered into the classroom , the students stood Complex : Though he run fast, he could not get the train.
up .
4. Structure :
(d) Simple : At the time of my reaching the school , the bell rang . Simple : Sub + too + adj./adv. + to+ verb + mswkó kã
Compound : Sub + very /extremely + adj./adv. + and so+ sub+ can’t /couldn’t 6. Structure :
+ g~j verb + mswkøó kã Simple : By + v.+ ing + mswkøó kã + `,`+2nd clause .
Complex : Sub + verb + so+ adj./adv. + can’t /couldn’t + verb + mswkøó kã Compound : g~j verb + mswkøó kã + and +2nd clause .
(a) Simple : He is too poor to buy a car . Complex : If + sub + mswkøó kã + +2nd clause .
Compound : He is very poor and so, he can’t buy a car . Example :
Complex : He is so poor that he can’t buy a car . (a) Simple : By eating balanced diet, you can keep a sound body.
(b) Simple : The man is too weak to walk. Compound : Eat balanced diet and you can keep a sound body.
Compound : The man is very weak and so, he can’t walk. Complex : If you eat balanced diet, you can keep a sound body.
Complex : The man is so weak that he can’t walk. (b) Simple : By working hard , you will shine in life.
(c) Simple : The problem was too hard for them to solve. Compound : Work hard and you will shine in life.
Compound : The problem was extremely hard and so, Complex : If you work hard, you will shine in life.
they couldn’t solve it. (c) Simple : By running fast , you can win the prize.
Complex : The problem was so hard for them that they couldn’t solve it. Compound : Run fast and you can win the prize.
Complex : If you run fast, you can win the prize.
5. Structure :
Simple : Without + V. + ing + mswkó kã +`,`+ sub+ mswkó kã 7. Structure :
Compound : R.W (adj./adv.) or+ sub +Auxi.V + not + g~j verb + mswkó kã Simple : N.P.( Noun / Pronoun )+ being/having + mswkøó kã + ,+ 2nd clause .
Complex : If + sub +do not+ g~j verb + mswkó kã+`,`+ 2nd clause . Compound : N.P.+ be / have verb + mswkøó kã + and so + 2nd clause .
Complex : When/Since + sub + be/have verb+ mswkøó kã + , +and so + 2nd clause .
Example : Example :
(a) Simple : Without working hard , you will not prosper in life . (a) Simple : The sea water being very salty, they could not drink it .
Compound : Work hard or you will not prosper in life . Compound : The sea water was very salty and so , they could not drink it .
Complex : If you do not work hard , you will not prosper in life . Complex : Since the sea water was very salty, they could not drink it .

(b) Simple : Without reading attentively , you will not pass the exam . (b) Simple : The sun having set , we returned home .
Compound : Read attentively or you will not pass the exam . Compound : The sun had set and we returned home .
Complex : If you do not read attentively , you will not pass the exam . Complex : When the sun had set , we returned home .

(c) Simple : Without moving , you will die . 8. Structure :

Compound : Move or you will die . Simple : NP + verb + .......+ to + verb + mswkøó kã
Complex : If you do not move , you will die . Compound : NP + want to + verb + ....+ and so , + NP + verb + mswkøó kã
Complex : NP + verb + .......+ so that + NP + can / could / may / might + verb +
(d) Simple : Without playing well , you will not win the game . mswkøó kã
Compound : Play well or you will not win the game . (a) Simple : I went there to see him .
Complex : If you do not play well , you will not win the game . Compound : I wanted to see him and so , I went there .
Complex : I went there so that I might see him .
(e) Simple : Without writing much , you can not write well .
Compound : Write much or you can not write well . (b) Simple : The authoress wanted quite isolation to do some troublesome writings.
Complex : If you do not write much , you can not write well . Compound : The authoress wanted to do some troublesome writings and so , he
wanted quite isolation.