Screw Gauge practical work sheet

HSSC-1 ( FBISE Practical Examination)

Sobia Masood
Assistant Professor Physics dptt.
IMCG(PG) F-7/2
Screw Gauge practical work sheet
HSSC-1 ( FBISE Practical Examination)

The screw gauge has more precision than the vernier caliper. The separation between each
thread is the same. By rotating the nut clockwise or anticlockwise, the screw can be moved
either forward or backwards. The Pitch of the screw gauge is defined as the distance covered
by the screw when it makes one complete rotation between the consecutive threads. It is
usually either 1 mm or 0.5 mm. Below is the experiment on how to measure the diameter of a
given wire using a screw gauge.

Aim
To measure diameter of a given wire using screw gauge.

Materials Required
1. Screw gauge
2. Wire
3. Half-meter scale
4. Magnifying glass

Theory

What is least count?

Least count is given as:
����������=����ℎ��.������������������������
��
If a screw gauge has a pitch of 1 mm and 100 divisions on the circular scale then the least
count is given as:
����������=1��100=0.01��

Read More: Screw Gauge

Sobia Masood
Assistant Professor Physics dptt.
IMCG(PG) F-7/2
Screw Gauge practical work sheet
HSSC-1 ( FBISE Practical Examination)

How to take the linear scale reading?

Linear scale reading is taken by noting the mark on the linear scale which is close to the edge
of the circular scale.

How to take circular scale reading?

Circular scale reading is taken by noting the division on the circular scale that coincides with
the main scale reading.

Diagram

Procedure
1. Find the value of one linear scale division (L.S.D).
2. Determine and record the pitch and least count of the screw gauge.
3. To find the zero error, bring the plane face B and A near. Repeat and record this for three times.
Record zero error as nil if there is no error.
4. Move face B away from face A. using a ratchet head R, move the face A towards face B
lengthwise and stop when R turns without moving the screw.
5. Linear scale reading (L.S.R) is recorded by noting down the no.of visible and uncovered divisions
of linear scale.
6. Let n be the no.of divisions of the circular scale lying on the reference line.
7. To measure diameter in a perpendicular direction, repeat steps 5 and 6 by rotating the wire to 90°.
8. For the entire length of wire, repeat steps 4,5,6 and 7 for five different positions and record the
observations.

Sobia Masood
Assistant Professor Physics dptt.
IMCG(PG) F-7/2
Screw Gauge practical work sheet
HSSC-1 ( FBISE Practical Examination)

9. Find the total reading and also zero correction.

10. Take the mean of different values of diameter.

Sl.no Linear scale Circular scale reading Total reading

reading (N in
mm)
No.of circular scale Value Observed Corrected
division on reference line [n×(L.C)] mm D0=N+n×(L.C)mm D=D0+c
(n)

AӨB D1(a)=

D1(b)=

AӨB D2(a)=

D2(b)=

AӨB D3(a)=

D3(b)=

11. Using a half-meter scale, measure the length of the wire. Repeat this step three times and record
the readings.

Observations
1. Determination of the least count of the screw gauge L.S.D = 1 mm
2. Number of full rotations given to screw = 4Distance moved by the screw = 4 mm

Hence, pitch p = 4 mm/4 = 1 mm

No.of divisions on circular scale = 100

Hence, the least count = 1 mm/100 = 0.01 mm = 0.001 cm

3. Zero error (i)… mm (ii)…. mm (iii)….. mm

4. Mean zero error (e) =… mmMean zero correction (c) = -e -…. mm
5. Table for diameter (D)

Sobia Masood
Assistant Professor Physics dptt.
IMCG(PG) F-7/2
Screw Gauge practical work sheet
HSSC-1 ( FBISE Practical Examination)

Calculations
Length of the wire, l = (i)…..cm (ii)…..cm (iii)…..cm

Mean diameter of the wire,

�=�1(�)+�2(�)+…..+�3(�)+�3(�)6=….��=….��
Mean length of the wire,
�=�1+�2+�33=….��
Volume of the wire,

Result
The volume of the given wire is ………cm3.

Precautions
1. There shouldn’t be any friction while moving the screw.
2. The screw should always be rotated by ratchet R and not by cap K to avoid undue
pressure.
3. For zero correction proper sign should be noted.
4. To avoid back-lash error in the screw, the screw should be moved in the same
direction.
5. The diameter of the wire should be measured at each place in two perpendicular
directions and mean should be taken.
6. Along the entire length of the wire, readings should be taken at five different places.
7. Avoid errors because of parallax.

Sources Of Error
1. There might be friction in the screw.
2. There might be a back-lash error in the screw gauge.
3. Circular scale divisions may not be equally divided.
4. There might not be uniformity in the wire.

Viva Questions
Q1. What are the two main parts of the screw gauge?

Ans: The following are the two main parts of screw gauge:

Sobia Masood
Assistant Professor Physics dptt.
IMCG(PG) F-7/2
Screw Gauge practical work sheet
HSSC-1 ( FBISE Practical Examination)

 A nut
 A screw

Q2. What is the least count of the screw gauge?

Ans: The least count of the screw gauge is 0.001 cm.

Q3. What is pitch?

Ans: Pitch is defined as the distance between two nearest threads along the axis of the screw.

Q4. How to determine pitch?

Ans:
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������������.�����������
Q5. When is zero-error positive?

Ans: Zero-error is said to be positive when the zero circular scale lies above the reference
line only when the fixed and movable studs are in contact.

Sobia Masood
Assistant Professor Physics dptt.
IMCG(PG) F-7/2