Medical Technology Board Exam Reviewer 18: CLINICAL CHEMISTRY

1. The process that encompasses all aspects of laboratory

operating including patient identification, specimen
collection, equipment maintenance, and the reporting of
patient results:
a. Accuracy
b. Reliability
c. Quality assurance
d. Quality control

2. The process that monitor’s each laboratory analysis, using

material with known constituent concentrations, in order to
ensure the accuracy of the test results is:
a. Pooled control
b. Quality assurance
c. Quality control
d. Accuracy monitoring

3. A technique used to detect unlikely combination of values.

a. Previous value check
b. Alert check
c. Pattern recognition
d. Randomized duplicate specimens

4. A mean value of 100 and standards deviation of 1.8 mg/dL were

obtained from a set of glucose measurements on a control
solution. The 95% confidence interval in mg/dL would be:
a. 94.6-105.4
b. 96.4-103.6
c. 97.3-102.7
d. 98.2-101.8

5. The following five sodium control value (mEq/L) were obtained:

140, 135, 138, 140, 142
Calculate the coefficient of variation.
a. 1.9%
b. 5.6%
c. 2.7%
d. 6.1%

6. This test is used to compare means between two groups of data.

a. T-test
b. Pattern recognition
c. F-test
d. Average of normal

7. If the sample population and the method used in the same as

those described in the manual, what is the minimum number of
individuals that can be tested to obtain the reference range,
provided that no more than 2 results outside the expected
range?
a. 5
b. 15
c. 10
d. 20
8. The pairest type of reagent water is:
a. Type I
b. Type II
c. Type III
d. All

9. Type of extinguisher for Class C fires:

a. Water, dry chemical, loaded stream
b. Carbon dioxide, dry chemical, halon
c. Metal X
d. None

10. Chemicals should be stored:

a. Alphabetically, for easy accessibility
b. Inside a safety cabinet with proper ventilation
c. According to their chemical properties and classification
d. Inside a fume hood, if toxic vapors can be released when
opened

11. 20oC = ___oF

a. 25
b. 53
c. 68
d. 86

12. 75oF = ___oC

a. 15.5
b. 21.0
c. 23.8
d. 32.6

13. It is used for nonviscous fluid, self-draining; small amount

left in the tip should not be blown out.
a. Volumetric pipet
b. Ostwald Folin
c. Micropipattes
d. Pasteur pipet

14. The etched rings on the top of a pipette means:

a. The pipette should be allowed to drain and the last drop
should remain in the pipette
b. The last drop is to be known out after the pipettes drain
c. The pipette is color coded
d. The pipette is a volumetric pipette

15. The preferred length of the lancet for skin puncture should
be ___ to avoid penetrating the bone.
a. 1.75 mm
b. 2.0 mm
c. 2.25 mm
d. 2.5 mm

16. Specimens that require chilling (4oC)

1. Ammonia
2. Lactic acid
3. Blood gases
4. Renin
a. 1 and 3
b. 2 and 4
c. 1, 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, 3 and 4

17. A medical technologies on duty in the Clinical Chemistry

section received a sterile bottle containing CSF. What should
he or she do first?
a. Centrifuge the fluid
b. Measure the volume
c. Put it inside the freezer set at 2o degrees Celsius
d. should verify if it is the only bottle collected from the
patient

18. Analytical testing performed outside the confines of the

central laboratory, usually by nonlaboratorian personnel
(nurse, respiratory therapist etc.)
1. Point of care testing (POCT)
2. Decentralized testing
3. Near-patient testing
4. Alternate site testing
a. 1 and 3
b. 2 and 4
c. 1, 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, 3 and 4

19. Beer’s law states that the concentration of a substance is

(1)___ proportional to the amount of light absorbed or
(2)___ proportional to the logarithm of the transmitted light.
a. Directly, inversely
b. Inversely
c. Both directly proportional
d. Both inversely proportional

20. The more light absorbed, the higher the concentration of

analyte in this technique of measuring the amount of light
absorbed by a solution.
a. Atomic absorption
b. Fluorometry
c. Nephelometry
d. Spectrophotometry
21. The process by which fluorescence of an analyte is reduced
due to the excited molecule losing some of its energy by
interacting with other substances in solution is known as:
a. Ionization
b. Quenching
c. Phosphorescence
d. Self-absorption

22. One sample sequentially following another through the system

so that different analytical functions are being carried on
simultaneously on more than one sample best describes:
a. Automatic clinical analysis
b. Centrifugal analysis
c. Continuous-flow analysis
d. Dry-slide analysis
23. Direct injection of a sample into very small diameter tubing,
thus minimizing lateral diffusion best describes:
a. Automatic clinical analysis
b. Centrifugal analysis
c. Continuous-flow analysis
d. Flow-injection analysis

24. Which analyzer requires that the sample and reagent be

pipeted inyo separate chambers in a rotor prior to the
chemical analysis being performed?
a. Centrifugal
b. Continuous flow
c. DuPont aca
d. Kodak dry, slide

25. An instrument that can analyze patient samples for only those
tests specifically ordered and can analyze stat samples by
interrupting the normal sequence of patient analyses is
referred to as:
a. Batch analyzer
b. Discrete analyzer
c. Multitest analyzer
d. Random-access analyzer

26. In a chemical reaction, the amount of product formed is

measured at specific intervals during a specified period and
then related to the concentration of the analyte in the
unknown. This type of measurement is known as:
a. Colorimetric
b. End-point
c. Rate
d. Ultraviolet

27. Dubowski method for glucose utilizes:

a. Phosphomolybdic acid
b. Arsenomolybdic acid
c. Ortho-toluidine
d. Potassium ferricyanide

28. C-peptide is formed during the conversion of pro-insulin to

insulin. The amount of circulating C-peptide provides reliable
indicators for pancreatic and insulin secretions (beta cell
function). It is decreased in:
a. Insulinoma
b. Ingestion of hypoglycemic drugs
c. Type 1 DM
d. Type 2 DM

29. CSF glucose concentration is approximately ___ that of plasma

concentration.
a. 50%
b. 60-70%
c. 80-100%
d. 65-85%

30. Every 1% change in the HBA1C value causes a change of

approximately ___ in the plasma glucose.
a. 10 mg/dL
b. 25 mg/dL
c. 15 mg/dL
d. 35 mg/dL

31. A turbidimetric method used for the quantitation of total

protein in urine and cerebrospinal fluid specimens is:
a. Biuret
b. HABA
c. Coomassie blue
d. SSA

32. Which of the following nutritional markers has been found to

be most sensitive and helpful indicator of nutritional status
in very ill patients?
a. Transthyretin
b. Transferrin
c. Albumin
d. Somatomedin C

33. Patient with Nephrotic Syndrome is expected to have which of

the following results in serum protein electrophoresis?
a. Decreased in all fractions except albumin region
b. Decreased in all fractions except alpha 1 region
c. Decreased in all fractions except alpha 2 region
d. Decreased in all fractions except beta region

34. Decreased serum albumin levels may be associated with:

a. Malnutrition
b. Liver disease
c. Kidney disease
d. Both B and C
e. A, B and C

35. Which of the following is a negative acute phase reactant?

a. Prealbumin
b. Ceruloplasmin
c. Albumin
d. Haptoglobin

36. A protein that precipitates in acid solution but redissolves

upon heating best describes:
a. Albumin
b. Bence Jones
c. Haptoglobin
d. Transferrin

37. Which dye may be used to stain serum protein fractions

following electrphorosis?
a. Amido black
b. Ponceau S
c. Fat red
d. Both A and B
e. A, B and C

38. The method of choice for quantifying protein fractions

following electrophoresis?
a. Densitometry
b. Fluorometry
c. Spectrophotometry
d. Nephelometry

39. The acute-phase reactant that is able to inhibit enzymatic

proteolysis is:
a. Alpha1 antitrypsin
b. Complement
c. Haptoglobin
d. Prealbumin

40. The screening procedure useful in detecting PKU is:

a. Copper reduction
b. Glucose oxidase
c. Ferric chloride
d. Nitroprusside

41. Which of the following elevates carboxyhemoglobin?

a. Nitrite poisoning
b. Exposure to carbon monoxide
c. Sulfa drug toxicity
d. Sickle cell anemia
42. CDC reference method for determination of cholesterol:
a. Liebermann Burchardt reaction
b. Salkowski reaction
c. Cholesterol oxidase reaction
d. Abell, Levy and Brodie method

43. When TAG and LDL-c are being measured, fasting becomes a
requirement. Require fasting of patients:
a. 2 to 4 hours
b. 4 to 6 hours
c. 6 to 8 hours
d. 12 to 14 hours

44. A cholesterol QC chart has the following date for the normal
control:
x = mean of data
x = 137 mg/dL x = 1,918 mg/dL
2 SD = 6 mg/dL N = 14
The coefficient of variation for this control is:
a. 1.14%
b. 4.38%
c. 2.19%
d. 9.49%

45. The function of the major lipid components of the very low
density lipoproteins (VLDL) is to transport:
a. Cholesterol from peripheral cells to the liver
b. Exogenous triglycerides
c. Cholesterol and phospholipids to peripheral cells
d. Endogenous triglycerise

46. What is the reference method for quantitation of lipoproteins

(LPPs)
a. Liberman Burchardt
b. Van Handel and Zilversmith
c. Abell-Kendall
d. Ultracentrifugation
47. Which of the following lipoproteins is the smallest of all
the lipoproteins and is composed of 50% proteins?
a. HDL
b. LDL
c. Chylomicrons
d. Triglycerides

48. It is the major and product from the cetabolism of VLDL. It

constitutes about 50% of the total LPP in plasma:
a. CM
b. LDL
c. VLDL
d. HDL
49. Which of the following would be most adversely affected by a
nonfasting sample?
a. HDL
b. Cholesterol
c. LDL
d. Triglycerides

50. Method of uric acid determination that has problem with

turbidity and several common drugs interface:
a. Colorimetric
b. Enzymatic H2O2
c. Enzymic UV

d. IDMS